学科教师讲义
学员姓名: 年 级: 初三
科 目:英 语 学科教师:
课程主题:
授课时间:
学习目标
了解冠词的分类。
理解并熟练运用不定冠词。
理解并熟练运用定冠词。
掌握零冠词的基本情况。
教学内容
【趋势解读】
本专题涉及的知识点有不定冠词、定冠词、零冠词及冠词的活用,难度适中,是必考点,题型主要是选择题。预计中考及自主招生的命题趋势如下:
(1)冠词的基本用法:泛指、特指、类指和专指。
(2)冠词的习惯用法:定冠词/不定冠词/零冠词的习惯用法。
(3)冠词的活用:形容词比较级、最高级和序数词等前的冠词活用。
知识点一 冠词
【知识梳理】
一、冠词
(1)冠词是用在名词前面起辅助作用的词。主要有不定冠词a,an和定冠词the。
→用在单数可数名词前,表示一类人或物,是泛朴
→用在单数可数名词前,表示一类人或物中的任意一个。
不定冠词a,an →表示数量,但数的概念没有one强烈,a还可以用于hundred, thousand,million等词前,相当于one,意为“一”。→用于某些固定结构中。
方法技巧
(1)泛指是指首次提到的、不限定的人或物。
(2)类指是指具有共同性质或典型特征的事物的一个类别。
(3)特指是指前面已经提到的人或物,或是指被限定性修饰语在其后加以限制的人或物,也可以指说话双方心中所默认的、特定的人或物。
(4)专指是指类别中的一员或一部分具体物。
知识归纳
(1)a/an必须用于单数可数名词前。
(2)单数可数名词前用a还是an,不取决于字母而取决于音素。a用于辅音(不是辅音字母)之前,an用于元音之前。即:
This is a B/C/D/G/J/K/P/Q/R/T/U/V/W/Y/Z.
This is an A/E/F/H/I/L/M/N/O/S/X.
二、定冠词the的用法
①用于单数可数名词前表示一类人或事物。
②用于双方都知道的人或物前。
③特指的或上文已提到的人或物。
④用于宇宙中独一无二的事物的名称前。
⑤用于形容词最高级和序数词前。
⑥用于江、河、海、湖等地理专有名词及普通名词构成的专有名词前。
⑦用于姓氏复数形式前,表示全家人或这一姓氏的夫妻二人。
⑧用于形容词前,表示一类人或事物。
⑨用于表示乐器的名词前。
⑩用于某些固定的短语中。
易错警示
注意a number of与the number of的区别: ① a number of意为“许多”,是个固定搭配,修饰可数名词的复数。
②the number of意为“……数量”。
三、零冠词
不用冠词的情况又叫零冠词。一则口诀可以帮助我们记忆名词前不使用冠词的情况:名词之前代词限,复数名词表泛指,球类学科和三餐,专有名词不可数,星期月份季节前,交通手段和节日,习语称谓和头衔。
知识归纳
有the无the,意思千差万别,请记住它们:at school在上学,at the school在学校里;at table在吃饭,at the table在桌子旁;in bed(睡、病、躺)在床上,in the bed在床上;in hospital住院,in the hospital在医院里;by sea乘船,by the sea在海滨;on earth究竟,on the earth在地球上;in front of在……前面(外部),in the front of在……前面(内部)。
四、冠词的习惯用法
冠词的习惯用法,主要指冠词用于某些固定的搭配之中。
(1)与不定冠词搭配的固定短语
a lot of许多 a little一点儿 a few一些,几个 take a message for为……捎口 once upon a time从前 after a while一会儿后 as a result结果 have a look看一看
have a rest休息 have a talk谈话 have a swim游泳 have a cold感冒 have a fever发烧 have a headache头痛 make a face做鬼脸 make a mistake犯错误 make a living谋生 go out for a walk出去散步 take a seat坐下 have a good time玩得高兴 in a word总之 a moment ago片刻之前 in a hurry匆忙 do sb a favor帮助某人
(2)与定冠词the搭配的固定短语
all the time一直 all the year around一年到头 at the same time同时 at the age of在……岁时 at the moment此刻 at the beginning of在……开始时 by the way 顺便说 at the end of在……结束时 in the morning在早上 in the afternoon在下午 in the evening在晚上 at the foot of在……脚下 in the daytime在白天 in the middle of在……中间 in the past在过去 with the help of在……帮助下 the next year第二年 look the same看起来一样 in the open air在野外 the day before yesterday前天 in the end最后 on the other side of…在……的另一边
(3)与零冠词搭配的固定短语
day and night日日夜夜 at night在夜晚 at noon在中午 at home在家 at work在上班 at dinner在吃饭 at breakfast在吃早餐 after school放学后 by hand手工 for example例如 in danger在危险中 in time及时 on time准时 in surprise惊讶 in trouble处于麻烦中 on foot步行 pay attention to注意
take care of照看 take part in参加
易错警示
a/an+序数词”表示“又一,再一”,如a second chance。“the+序数词”表示顺序。
相关提示
冠词的位置比较固定,多半置于名词、名词词组或名词化的形容词之前。但由于名词前的修饰语的搭配要求不同,冠词的位置也呈现出一些变化,具体情况如下:
(1)位于such, what, many, half等之后。
(2)quite,rather与单数名词连用,冠词放在其后。当rather与形容词连用修饰名词时,不定冠词放在其前后均可,但当quite与形容词连用修饰名词时,不定冠词只能放在quite之后。
(3)定冠词通常位于名词或名词修饰语前,但放在all, both,double, half, twice, three times等词(组)之后,名词之前。
【例题精讲】
1. Washing machines made by China have won ______ worldwide attention and Haier has become ______ popular name.
A. a; the B./; a
C. /; the D. the; a
思路点拨:①句意:中国制造的洗衣机赢得了世界的关注,海尔已成为大众喜爱的一个名牌名称。② attention是不可数名词,在此处表示泛指,前面不能加冠词。③name是可数名词的单数,在此处也表示泛指。
Good news! We'll have ______ one-day holiday in order to celebrate the 70th anniversary(纪念日)of the victory in World War Ⅱ.
A. a B. an C. the D./
3. It's ______ useless book to children. Put it into ______ left drawer and never read it.
A. a; the B. an; the
C. a; a D. an; a
思路点拨:①“一本没有用的书”,第一空是泛指,要用不定冠词。
②useless是以元音字母开头的单词,但其音节则是辅音音素/j/开头。
③第二空表示特指,特指“左边的抽屉”。
4.What I need is ______ book that contains(含) ______ ABC of oil painting(油画入门内容).
A. a;/ B. the;/ C. the; an D. a; the
5. Some people fear that ______ air pollution may bring about changes in ______ weather around the world.
A./;the B. the;/ C. an; the D. the; a
思路点拨:①句意:一些人害怕空气污染可能会引起世界气候的变化。
②第一空后的air pollution为抽象名词,不可数,表示泛指概念。故用零冠词。
③第二空后的weather也是抽象名词,在这里特指全球的气候
The Whites have planned to visit ______ Great Wall in China.
A. the B. an C. a D./
7. Li Na started playing ______ tennis at the age of six. She is one of ______ best women tennis players in the world.
A. the; the B. a;/ C./;the D. the;/
思路点拨:①play与球类名词连用时,球类名词前无冠词。②“one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数”意为“最……之一”,是固定结构。③句意:李娜在六岁时开始打网球。她是世界上最好的女子网球选手之一。
8. Jack, ______ American teacher, is arriving at our school by car.
A. a; the B. an;不填 C. an; the D. a;不填
9. Let's go to ______ cinema-that'll take your mind off the problem for ______ while.
A. the; the B. the; a C. a; the D. a; a
思路点拨:①句意:让我们去看电影吧—那将会让你暂时放下头脑中的问题。
②go to the cinema为固定搭配,意为“去看电影”。
③ for a while“一会儿”,固定搭配。
10. Eric is not going to Nanjing by ______ plane. Instead,he is taking ______ train.
A./; a B. a ; / C. a; the D. the; a
11. This is ______ difficult problem that few students can work it out.
A. so B. so a C. such D. such a
思路点拨:①so“如此”,用作副词,不能修饰名词。
②such“这样的”,用作形容词,用在单数可数名词之前,其形式是“such+不定冠词+单数可数名词”。
③如果用so,其形式是“so+形容词+不定冠词+单数可数名词”。
④“一道如此难的题”:such a difficult problem=so difficult a problem。
12.Mark是位如此优秀的游泳高手,他还有双如此美丽的眼睛。
Mark is ______ ______ ______ swimmer. He also has ______ ______ ______ ______ .
【课堂练习】
1.It is often said that ______ teachers have ______ busy life.
A.不填;不填 B. the; a C. the;不填 D.不填;a
2. There are so many photographers out that ______ actress could hardly get out of ______ car.
A. an; a B. the; a C. the; the D. an; the
3. ______ big library in our school was completed in August of 2009, not in ______ April,2010.
A. A; /; / B. The; the; /
C. A; the ;/ D. The; /; /
4. On March 27, 2015, President Xi Jinping held ______ friendly talk with many state leaders at ______ Boao Forum(论坛)for Asia.
A. the; the B. a; the C. the; a D. a;/
5.一Sir, the thief has run into the building.
一Thanks! That's ______ useful. information.
A./ B. an C. a D. pieces of
6. We can have ______ bluer sky if we create ______ less polluted world.
A. a; a B. a; the C. the; a D. the; the
7.一How was your recent trip to Sichuan?
一I've never had ______ one before.
A. a pleasant B. a more pleasant
C. a most pleasant D. the most pleasant
8. We are said to be living in ______ Information Age, ______ time of new discoveries and
great changes.
A. an; the B./; the C./;a D. the; a
9. Experts think that ______ recently discovered painting may be ______ Picasso.
A. the;/ B. a; the C. a;/ D. the; a
10. The visitors here are greatly impressed by the fact that ______ people from all walks of life
are working hard for ______ new Jiangsu.
/; a B./; the C. the; a D. the; the
参考答案:
1-10 DCDBAABDDA
1. Paper is ______ useful invention. Cai Lun invented it around 2,000 years ago.
A. a B. an C. the D. 不填
2. ﹣ Have you ever seen ______ new movie, The Wandering Earth(流浪地球)?
﹣Yes, and Wu Jing is my favorite actor.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
3. Benjamin has learned that it is not polite to make ______ fun of others.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
4. My cousin bought ______ useful book for me, but I've read ______ book before.
A. a; the B. an; a C. an; the
5. Learning is ______ lifelong journey because every day brings something new.
A. / B. a C. the
6. Hong Kong﹣Zhuhai﹣Macao Bridge, the world's longest sea﹣based project, brings people in those three cities within ______ "one﹣hour living circle".
A. a B. an C. the D. /
7. Sandy is ______ Australian girl. She came to China for travelling with her parents last week.
A. a B. an C. the D. 不填
8. Chinese learning is popular with people all over ______ world.
A. a B. / C. the
9. I usually have ______ egg and some bread for breakfast. ( )
A. a B. an C. the D. /
10. " ______ apple a day keeps the doctor away. "is ______ useful saying.
A. An; an B. An; a C. A;a
11. Our English teacher told us ______ interesting story and ______ story was about Thomas Edison.
A. an;a B. the the C. a;the D. an;the
12. This year is ______ 70th anniversary(周年)of the founding of the People's Republic of China.
A. a B. an C. the
13.There is ______ map of China on the wall in my bedroom.
A. a B. an C. the
14. -Mum, I m going on a picnic with my friends today.
-Have ______ good day.
A. a B. an C. /
15. To save time, many students have ______ lunch at school every day.
A. a B. an C. / D. the
16. -Judy, how was ______ camping?
-The other campers were nice, and we had ______ fun time together.
A. a; a B. a; the C. the; the D. the; a
17. China is ______ Asian country while England is ______ European country.
A. an;an B. a; a C. an;a D. a;an
18. Mr. Brown has ______ eight﹣year﹣old daughter. She is very lovely.
A. a B. an C. the
19. Let's play ______ volleyball.
A. / B. the C. a
20. Berlin is ______ capital of Germany.
A. / B. a C. the
参考答案:
1. Paper is useful invention. Cai Lun invented it around 2,000 years ago.
A. a B. an C. the D. 不填
【分析】纸是一项有用的发明. 蔡伦大约在2000年前发明了它.
【解答】invention发明,单数名词需用不定冠词修饰;useful(有用的)以辅音音素开头,需用a. 根据句意纸是一项有用的发明. 蔡伦大约在2000年前发明了它.
故选:A.
【点评】此题考查不定冠词,熟知不定冠词意思与用法,结合语境,仔细分析. 可得出答案.
2. ﹣ Have you ever seen___ new movie, The Wandering Earth(流浪地球)?
﹣Yes, and Wu Jing is my favorite actor.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
【分析】﹣﹣你看过《流浪地球》这部新电影吗?
﹣﹣是的,吴京是我最喜欢的演员.
【解答】考查定冠词. A. a一个,修饰辅音音素开头的单词. B. an一个,修饰元音音素开头的单词. C. the表示特指. D. /不填. 这里特指《流浪地球》这部新电影,用the.
故选:C.
【点评】冠词包括定冠词the,通常表示特指. 不定冠词a和an,a修饰以辅音音素开头的单词,an修饰以元音音素开头的单词. 要根据语境完成试题.
3. Benjamin has learned that it is not polite to make _____ fun of others.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
【分析】本杰明知道取笑别人是不礼貌的.
【解答】根据意思:本杰明知道取笑别人是不礼貌的. make fun of sb 取笑某人.
故选:D.
【点评】此题考查零冠词,熟知零冠词意思与用法,结合语境,仔细分析. 可得出答案.
4. My cousin bought ________ useful book for me, but I've read ________ book before.
A. a; the B. an; a C. an; the
【分析】我的表哥给我买了一本有用的书,但是我以前读过这本书.
【解答】根据句意:我的表哥给我买了一本有用的书,但是我以前读过这本书. a和an是不定冠词,修饰可数名词单数,表示泛指一个…;an用于元音音素前;the是定冠词,修饰名词表示特指. 根据句意可知,第一个空表示"一本书",是泛指,且useful的读音中是以辅音/j/开头的,故用a修饰;第二个空特指的是"我的表哥给我买的书",应用the修饰.
故选:A.
【点评】熟悉冠词的用法,结合题意,给出答案.
5. Learning is ____ lifelong journey because every day brings something new.
A. / B. a C. the
【分析】学习是一个一生的长途旅行,因为每天都会带来新的东西.
【解答】根据题干可知学习是一个一生的长途旅行,此处表示泛指,则应用不定冠词. 其次lifelong首字母发辅音音素,则应用a.
故选:B.
【点评】本题考查冠词,基础题,掌握冠词的用法是解题的关键,再根据题干即可作出选择.
6. Hong Kong﹣Zhuhai﹣Macao Bridge, the world's longest sea﹣based project, brings people in those three cities within "one﹣hour living circle".
A. a B. an C. the D. /
【分析】港珠澳大桥,是世界上最长的海基工程,把这三个城市的人们带入了"一个小时的生活圈"内.
【解答】根据题干可知港珠澳大桥这三个城市的人们带入了"一个小时的生活圈"内,此处表示泛指,即"一个小时的生活圈";其次one表首字母o发辅音音素/w/,则应用a.
故选:A.
【点评】本题考查冠词,基础题,掌握冠词的用法是解题的关键,再根据题干即可作出选择. 其次也要求学生们平时多关注社会热点新闻.
7. Sandy is _____Australian girl. She came to China for travelling with her parents last week.
A. a B. an C. the D. 不填
【分析】桑迪是一个澳大利亚女孩. 她上周和父母来中国旅行.
【解答】根据题干可知桑迪是一个澳大利亚女孩,此处是泛指,应用不定冠词;其次Australian首字母a发元音音素,则应用an.
故选:B.
【点评】本题考查冠词,基础题,掌握冠词的用法是解题的关键,再根据题干即可作出选择.
8. Chinese learning is popular with people all over______world.
A. a B. / C. the
【分析】汉语学习在世界各地都很受欢迎.
【解答】a是不定冠词 ,放在单数可数名词前面 ,表示某类人或事物中的"一个 、一名",表泛指,a用于以辅音音素开头的字母或单词前. the 是定冠词,表特指,意为"这、那、这些、那些". 放在可数名词和不可数名词前. 因all over the world. "在全世界",. 由题干"汉语学习在世界各地都很受欢迎. "可知,空格用the,所以答案应是the.
故选:C.
【点评】本题考查定冠词的用法,在熟知所供词的含义基础上,根据句意,从而判断出正确答案.
9. I usually have _______egg and some bread for breakfast.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
【分析】我早餐通常吃一个鸡蛋和一些面包.
【解答】a,an,the三者都是冠词,a,an 是不定冠词 ,放在单数可数名词前面 ,表示某类人或事物中的"一个 、一名",表泛指,a用于以辅音音素开头的字母或单词前、an用于以元音音素开头的字母或单词前. the 是定冠词,表特指,意为"这、那、这些、那些". 放在可数名词和不可数名词前. 由题干"我早餐通常吃一个鸡蛋和一些面包. "可知,因"一个鸡蛋",表泛指,"一个"用不定冠词,因egg是以元音音素开头的单词,因此空格用an,所以答案应是an.
故选:B.
【点评】本题考查不定冠词的用法,在熟知所供词的含义基础上,根据句意,从而判断出正确答案.
10. "______apple a day keeps the doctor away. "is_______useful saying
A. An; an B. An; a C. A;a
【分析】"一天一个苹果,医生不在身边. "这是一句有用的话.
【解答】a,an 是不定冠词 ,放在单数可数名词前面 ,表示某类人或事物中的"一个 、一名",表泛指,a用于以辅音音素开头的字母或单词前、an用于以元音音素开头的字母或单词前. 由题干""一天一个苹果,医生不在身边. "这是一句有用的话. "可知,因"一个苹果","一句有用得话"都表泛指,"一个","一句"都用不定冠词,因apple是以元音音素开头的单词,因此第一个空格用An;因useful 是以辅音音素开头的单词,因此第二个空格用a ,所以答案应是An. ;a.
故选:B.
【点评】本题考查冠词的用法,在熟知所供词的含义基础上,根据句意,从而判断出正确答案.
11. Our English teacher told us ____ interesting story and ___ story was about Thomas Edison.
A. an;a B. the the C. a;the D. an;the
【分析】我们的英语老师给我们讲了一个有趣的故事,这是一个关于托马斯﹣爱迪生的故事.
【解答】a,an,the三者都是冠词,a,an 是不定冠词 ,放在单数可数名词前面 ,表示某类人或事物中的"一个 、一名",表泛指,a用于以辅音音素开头的字母或单词前、an用于以元音音素开头的字母或单词前. the 是定冠词,表特指,意为"这、那、这些、那些". 放在可数名词和不可数名词前. 由题干"我们的英语老师给我们讲了一个有趣的故事,关于托马斯﹣爱迪生的故事. "可知,因"一个有趣得故事",表泛指,"一个"用不定冠词,因interesting 是以元音音素开头的单词,因此第一个空格用an;因第二次提到得人或物,前用定冠词. 因此第二个空格用a,所以答案应是an;the.
故选:D.
【点评】本题考查不定冠词的用法,在熟知所供词的含义基础上,根据句意,从而判断出正确答案
12. This year is_____70th anniversary(周年)of the founding of the People's Republic of China
A. a B. an C. the
【分析】今年是中华人民共和国成立第70周年.
【解答】a,an,the三者都是冠词,a,an 是不定冠词 ,放在单数可数名词前面 ,表示某类人或事物中的"一个 、一名",表泛指,a用于以辅音音素开头的字母或单词前、an用于以元音音素开头的字母或单词前. the 是定冠词,表特指,意为"这、那、这些、那些". 放在可数名词和不可数名词前. 由题干"今年是中华人民共和国成立70周年. "可知,因在序数词前用定冠词the,因此空格用the ,所以答案应是the.
故选:C.
【点评】本题考查冠词的用法,在熟知所供词的含义基础上,根据句意,从而判断出正确答案.
13. There is map of China on the wall in my bedroom.
A. a B. an C. the
【分析】我卧室的墙上有一张中国地图.
【解答】a,an,the三者都是冠词,a,an 是不定冠词 ,放在单数可数名词前面 ,表示某类人或事物中的"一个 、一名",表泛指,a用于以辅音音素开头的字母或单词前、an用于以元音音素开头的字母或单词前. the 是定冠词,表特指,意为"这、那、这些、那些". 放在可数名词和不可数名词前. 因在形容词的最高级前用定冠词,因此"最外向的",可翻译为"the most outgoing ". 由题干"我卧室的墙上有一张中国地图. "可知,因"一张中国地图",表泛指,"一张"用不定冠词,因map 是以辅音音素开头的单词,因此空格用a,所以答案应是a.
故选:A.
【点评】本题考查不定冠词的用法,在熟知所供词的含义基础上,根据句意,从而判断出正确答案.
14. ﹣﹣﹣Mum, I m going on a picnic with my friends today.
﹣﹣﹣Have good day.
A. a B. an C. /
【分析】﹣﹣﹣妈妈,我今天要和朋友们去野餐. ﹣﹣﹣祝你今天愉快.
【解答】a,an 是不定冠词 ,放在单数可数名词前面 ,表示某类人或事物中的"一个 、一名",表泛指,a用于以辅音音素开头的字母或单词前、an用于以元音音素开头的字母或单词前. the 是定冠词,表特指,意为"这、那、这些、那些". 放在可数名词和不可数名词前. Have a good time "祝你今天愉快". 由题干"妈妈,我今天要和朋友们去野餐. 祝你今天愉快. "可知,空格用a,所以答案应是a.
故选:A.
【点评】本题考查不定冠词的用法,在熟知所供词的含义基础上,根据句意,从而判断出正确答案.
15. To save time, many students have _________ lunch at school every day.
A. a B. an C. / D. the
【分析】为了节省时间,许多学生每天在学校吃午饭.
【解答】a,an,the三者都是冠词,a,an 是不定冠词 ,放在单数可数名词前面 ,表示某类人或事物中的"一个 、一名",表泛指,a用于以辅音音素开头的字母或单词前、an用于以元音音素开头的字母或单词前. the 是定冠词,表特指,意为"这、那、这些、那些". 放在可数名词和不可数名词前. 因have lunch "吃午饭"是固定短语,中间不加任何成分. 由题干"为了节省时间,许多学生每天在学校吃午饭. "可知,空格"不填",所以答案应是/.
故选:C.
【点评】本题考查零冠词的用法,在熟知所供词的含义基础上,根据句意,从而判断出正确答案.
1. After she passed the entrance examination, she finally became ______ university student.
A. a B. an C. the
2. Mike is from ______ English﹣speaking country.
A. / B. a C. an D. the
3. We often have three meals ______ day. And we usually have ______ breakfast at 8: 00 every morning.
A. a, the B. a,a C. a,/ D. /,the
4. ﹣ Do you know how to spell ______ word "expensive" in English?
﹣ Yes. It begins with ______ "e".
A. the; a B. the; an C. a; an D. the; the
5. Bill bought ______ useful book. ______ book is very interesting.
A. a;The B. a;A C. an; The D. an; A
6. -Look at the tall boy over there. He's ______ winner of the school painting competition.
-Oh, he must be ______ creative boy.
A. The; a B. the; an C. a; the D. an; a
7. Beijing is ______ capital of China, it has ______ long history.
A. the;an B. a;n C. The; a D. The;/
8. Our National Day is on ______ first day in ______ October.
A. a;the B. the; a C. the;不填 D. a;不填
9. The Wandering Earth, ______ Chinese film, has become one of ______ most popular films this year. ( )
A. a;不填 B. a;the C. a;a
10.We usually go swimming in ______ summer. But in ______ summer of 2018, we didn't.
A. /;/ B. a; a C. /;the D. a;/
11. ﹣ ______ Smiths are used to living in Shanghai now.
﹣We hope more and more foreign friends live ______ better life in China.
A. /;a B. The; an C. The; a D. /;the
12. ﹣Who is ______ woman in red?
﹣She's our chemistry teacher, Miss Li.
A. A B. an C. the
13. ______ Great Wall is one of the seven wonders around the world.
A. The B. A C. An D. /
14. Yancheng, ______ energetic city, has set up trade relations with lots of countries and areas.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
15. -Is that ______ post office?
-No,it's ______ old library.
the;a B. a;an C. an;a D. an;the
1. (2019?青海)After she passed the entrance examination, she finally became______ university student. ( )
A. a B. an C. the
【分析】她通过入学考试后,终于成为一名大学生.
【解答】a,an,the三者都是冠词,a,an 是不定冠词 ,放在单数可数名词前面 ,表示某类人或事物中的"一个 、一名",表泛指,a用于以辅音音素开头的字母或单词前、an用于以元音音素开头的字母或单词前. the 是定冠词,表特指,意为"这、那、这些、那些". 放在可数名词和不可数名词前. 由题干"她通过入学考试后,终于成为一名大学生. "可知,因"一名大学生",表泛指,"一名"用不定冠词,因university是以辅音音素开头的单词,因此空格用a,所以答案应是a.
故选:A.
【点评】本题考查不定冠词的用法,在熟知所供词的含义基础上,根据句意,从而判断出正确答案.
2. Mike is from_____English﹣speaking country. ( )
A. / B. a C. an D. the
【分析】迈克来自一个讲英语的国家.
【解答】根据句意:迈克来自一个讲英语的国家. 可知此处表示泛指,English﹣speaking 发音以元音音素开头,用an.
故选:C.
【点评】熟悉冠词的用法,结合题意,给出答案.
3. We often have three meals___day. And we usually have___breakfast at 8: 00 every morning. ( )
A. a, the B. a,a C. a,/ D. /,the
【分析】我们经常一天吃三顿饭. 我们通常每天早晨八点吃早饭.
【解答】本题考查的是冠词的用法. 本题有两个考点:1. 一天 /每天 : a day/every day/per day 2. 吃早饭:have/eat breakfast(无冠词). 因此只有C符合要求.
故选:C.
【点评】解答本题的关键是弄清冠词的用法.
4.﹣ Do you know how to spell word "expensive" in English?
﹣ Yes. It begins with "e". ( )
A. the; a B. the; an C. a; an D. the; the
【分析】你知道如何用英语拼写expensive这个单词吗?
﹣﹣知道,它是以一个e字母开头.
【解答】本题考查的是冠词的用法. 分析:字母"e"的读音是以元音开头的,表达"一个字母e"用an "e",因此可先排除A和D. 第一个空格应填the,特指"expensive这个单词. 只有B符合要求.
故选:B.
【点评】解答这类问题时,要先掌握冠词的用法特点.
5. Bill bought _____useful book. _____book is very interesting. ( )
A. a;The B. a;A C. an; The D. an; A
【分析】Bill 买了一本有用的书,这本书很有趣.
【解答】根据句意:Bill 买了一本 有用的书,这本书很有趣. 可知第一空表示泛指,useful发音以辅音音素开头,用a,第二空表示特指,用the.
故选:A.
【点评】熟悉冠词的用法,结合题意,给出答案.
6. ﹣﹣﹣Look at the tall boy over there. He's _____winner of the school painting competition.
﹣﹣﹣Oh, he must be ______creative boy. ( )
A. The; a B. the; an C. a; the D. an; a
【分析】﹣看那边那个高个子男孩. 他是学校绘画比赛冠军. ﹣哦,他一定是有创造性的男孩.
【解答】根据句意:﹣看那边那个高个子男孩. 他是学校绘画比赛冠军. ﹣哦,他一定是有创造性的男孩. 可知第一空是特指,用the;第二空是=表泛指,creative发音以辅音音素开头,用a.
故选:A.
【点评】熟悉冠词的用法,结合题意,给出答案.
7. Beijing is____capital of China, it has____long history. ( )
A. the;an B. a;n C. The; a D. The;/
【分析】北京是中国的首都,有着悠久的历史.
【解答】根据句意:北京是中国的首都,有着悠久的历史. 第一空表特指,用the;第二空表泛指,long发音以辅音音素开头,用a.
故选:C.
【点评】熟悉冠词的用法,结合题意,给出答案.
8. Our National Day is on first day in October. ( )
A. a;the B. the; a C. the;不填 D. a;不填
【分析】我们的国庆节在十月的第一天.
【解答】根据句意:我们的国庆节在十月的第一天. 可知序数词前加the;月份前不加冠词.
故选:C.
【点评】熟悉冠词的用法,结合题意,给出答案.
9. The Wandering Earth,_______Chinese film, has become one of _____ most popular films this year. ( )
A. a;不填 B. a;the C. a;a
【分析】《流浪地球》,一部国产电影,成为今年最受欢迎的电影之一.
【解答】根据句意:《流浪地球》,一部国产电影,成为今年最受欢迎的电影之一. 第一空表示泛指,用a;第二空考查one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数,表示最…之一.
故选:B.
【点评】熟悉冠词的用法,结合题意,给出答案.
10. We usually go swimming in_____summer. But in____summer of 2018, we didn't. ( )
A. /;/ B. a; a C. /;the D. a;/
【分析】我们通常在夏天去游泳. 但是2018年的夏天,我们没去.
【解答】根据句意:我们通常在夏天去游泳. 但是2018年的夏天,我们没去. 第一空泛指夏天,不加冠词;第二空特指2018年的夏天,用the.
故选:C.
【点评】熟悉冠词的用法,结合题意,给出答案.
11. (2019?玉林)﹣____Smiths are used to living in Shanghai now.
﹣We hope more and more foreign friends live____better life in China. ( )
A. /;a B. The; an C. The; a D. /;the
【分析】﹣史密斯一家现在习惯住在上海. ﹣我们希望越来越多的外国朋友在中国过着更好的生活.
【解答】根据句意:﹣史密斯现在习惯住在上海. ﹣我们希望越来越多的外国朋友在中国过着更好的生活. 可知第一空是the+姓的复数,表示一家人;第二空表泛指,better发音以辅音音素开头,用a.
故选:C.
【点评】熟悉冠词的用法,结合题意,给出答案.
12. ﹣Who is ________ woman in red?
﹣She's our chemistry teacher, Miss Li( )
A. a B. an C. the
【分析】﹣穿红衣服的那个女士是谁?
﹣她是我们的化学老师,李老师.
【解答】本题考查冠词. 分析句意,此处表示"穿红衣服的那个女士是谁?"表示特指,需要用定冠词the.
故选:C.
【点评】此类题目,先分析句意,结合语法结构,便可得出正确答案.
13. ____ Great Wall is one of the seven wonders around the world. ( )
A. The B. A C. An D. /
【分析】长城是世界七大奇迹之一.
【解答】本题考查冠词. the Great Wall长城,是专有名词.
故选:A.
【点评】此类题目,需要记住一些专有名词,便可得出正确答案.
14. Yancheng, ________energetic city, has set up trade relations with lots of countries and areas. ( )
A. a B. an C. the D. /
【分析】盐城,一个充满活力的城市,已经跟很多国家和地区建立了贸易关系.
【解答】本题考查冠词. 此处表示"盐城,一个充满活力的城市". 名词短语作同位语. energetic读音是元音音素开头,表示"一个",用不定冠词an.
故选:B.
【点评】此类题目,先分析句意,结合语法结构,便可得出正确答案.
15. ﹣﹣Is that______post office?
﹣﹣No,it's______old library. ( )
A. the;a B. a;an C. an:;a D. an:;the
【分析】﹣那是一个邮局吗?
﹣不,它是一个旧的图书馆.
【解答】本题考查冠词. 分析语境,此处表示"一个邮局"、"一个旧图书馆". post office读音是辅音开头,用不定冠词a,old library读音是元音开头,用不定冠词an.
故选:B.
【点评】此类题目,先分析句意,结合语法结构,便可得出正确答案.