中招英语试题命题趋势及专题训练（十）阅读理解之说明文（含解析）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
中招命题趋势及专题训练之阅读理解说明文
说明文是对事物的形状、性质、特征、成果或功用等进行介绍，解释或阐述的文章。把握所说明事物的特征和本质是理解说明文的关键。说明事物特征的方法很多，主要有定义法、解释法、比较法、比喻法、数字法、图表法、引用法和举例法等。
＂英语说明文＂，顾名思义，就是一种以＂说明、解释＂为主要表达方式的英语文体。它是对客观事物的性状、特点、功能和用途等作科学解说的。它既不像故事那样重在情节的叙述和描写，也不像议论文那样，重在阐明主张和论点论据；更不像科幻作品那样富于想象和虚构夸张。说明文是通过解说事物、阐明事理，使人们增长知识和技能。说明文是高考英语阅读理解题中的重点内容之一。说明文具有与自己特点相适应的说明方法，因此说明文结构复杂，专业术语多，易于拉开考生分数档次，便于高校分层次选拔人才。然而对于考生来说说明文抽象度高，解题难度大。高考对说明文的考查多为科普知识，动植物特性、自然现象和新产品、新工艺介绍以及人文地理、风土人情等方面的说明文，文中解释性、定义性、说明性的句子居多。因此考生要掌握说明文的命题特点，叙述方式，以冷静的心态阅读原文，重点突破长句结构特点和逻辑关系，以便对其做出准确的语意理解。
一、说明文阅读理解的特征
一般说来，英语说明文与其他文体一样，文章所涉及的内容不外乎以下几个方面，即who
→
what
→
when
→
where
→
how
→
why。
1.
who：问的是这篇文章的主体是谁？（即所要说明和描述的人或事物）
2.
what：问的是主体做了什么事情？（即主体表现出的特性、功能和用途）
3.
when和where：是在何时何地发生的？（即何时何地所表现出的特性、功能和用途）
4.
how：通过什么方式表现出来的？
5.
why：这种特性功能用途的原因是什么？
做说明文阅读理解题的时候，一定要记住上面的wh-word。边阅读，边搜记，牢记要点，把握全文。
二、说明文阅读理解的类型
掌握说明文阅读理解题的类型对考生来说非常有必要。一般来说，高考对阅读理解的命题类型主要有以下几种：
1.
细节理解题
说明文中考查的细节理解题大致与记叙文相似。命题区域都有其共同点。⑴在列举处命题。如用first(1y)、second(1y)、third(1y)finally、not
only…but
also、then、in
addition等表示顺承关系的词语列举出事实。试题要求考生从列举出的内容中选出符合题干要求的答案项。⑵在例证处命题。句中常用由as、such
as、for
example、for
instance等引导的短语或句子作为例证，这些例句或比喻就成为命题者设问的焦点。⑶在转折对比处命题。一般通过however、but、yet、in
fact等词语来引导。对比用unlike、until、not
so
much…as等词语引导，命题者常对用来对比的双方属性进行考查。⑷在比较处命题。无端的比较、
相反的比较、偷换对象的比较，经常出现在干扰项中，考生要标记并且关注到原文中的比较，才能顺利地排除干扰。⑸在复杂句中命题。包括同位词、插入语、定语、从句、不定式等，命题者主要考查考生对句子之间的指代关系和语法关系。
细节类问题一般都能在原文中找到出处，只要仔细就可以在文中找到答案。但正确的选择项不可能与阅读材料的原文完全相同，而是用不同的语句成句型表达相同的意思。
2.
语义猜测题
说明文为了把自然规律，事物的性质等介绍清楚或把事理阐述明白，因此学术性强的生词较多，所以常进行生词词义判断题的考查。命题方式多以the
underlined
part
“…”
in
paragraph…refers
to….或what
does
the
underlined
word
mean?或what
is
the
meaning
of
the
underlined
word?为设问方式。解题时考生应认真阅读原文，分析其对某些科学原理是如何定义、如何解释的，并以此为突破口抽象概括出生词词义。也可以通过上下文来猜测某个陌生词语的语意。或者找出某个词语在文章中的同义词。要注意破折号、同位语从句、定语从句、插入句等具有解释、说明作用的语言成分。说明文在阐述说明对象时易发生动作变换、人称转变的现象，这类题目常以
it，they，them
等代词为命题点，因此考生要根据上下文语境，认真阅读原文，分析动作转换背景，弄清动作不同执行者，以便准确判断代词的其实际指代对象。
3.
主旨理解题
说明文常用文章大意判断题考查考生对通篇文意的理解。即对文章的主题或中心意思的概括和归纳。主要考查考生对文章的整体理解能力。命题形式常以this
passage
mainly
talks
about
____.what
is
the
main
idea
of
the
passage?为设问方式。这种试题多以this
passage
mainly
talks
about
the
major
surprising
findings
about….为回答方法。答题时首先阅读题干，掌握问题的类型，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位，再将相关信息进行整合、甄别、分析、对比，有根有据地排除干扰项，选出正确答案。
4.
判断推理题
这种试题常以the
passage
is
intended
to...(2)
the
author
suggests
that...(3)
the
story
implies
that…(4)
which
point
of
view
may
the
author
agree
to?(5)
from
the
passage
we
can
conclude
that...(6)
the
purpose
of
the
passage
is
to...为设问方式。这种题型的答案在原文中不是直接就能找到的，它要求考生进行合理的推断。如因果关系，文中的某些用词、语气也往往具有隐含意义，考生要将这种含义读出来。说明文常出现图示判断题，这种试题可以事物之间正确的依赖关系为命题点，要求考生判断其正确的流程顺序相互关系等。考生一定要认真阅读原文，并对照原文介绍的情况，弄清图示的差异，根据题干需要最终做出正确判断。如：动物介绍性说明文常出现动物能力判断题，考查考生对特定动物所具有能力的判断。解题时考生应认真阅读原文对动物形态活动能力的判断，了解动物的生存环境和是否会使用工具，是否善于爬行、飞翔和游泳等。
观点态度题也是判断推理题考查的内容之一。说明文的对象为客观事实,但设题以议论的表达方式抒发对该说明对象的想法。如对某种新发明的赞赏,或对某个事物的批判。这类题目常见的题干表达方式有what
was
the
author?s
attitude
towards
...?
等。
（一）
About
96%
of
young
people
in
the
UK
usually
use
the
internet
to
communicate
according
to
a
survey
of
24,000
British
people
aged
9-11.
A
report
shows
that
only
40%
of
young
people
know
that
personal
information
shared
online
stays
online
forever.
There
are
about
250
million
tweets
generated
every
day
and
around
800
million
Facebook
users—that
means
a
lot
of
information
is
shared
online.
So
are
young
using
the
internet
safely?
Do
you
know
how
to
change
your
privacy
settings
on
social
media?
For
example,
you
can
click
the
＂flower’
icon＂or
＂settings＂
on
Facebook
to
get
to
your
privacy
settings.
Then
you
can
decide
who
sees
your
posts
and
personal
information:
friends,
friends
of
friends
or
everyone.
Do
you
want
everyone
in
the
world
to
be
able
to
see
your
email
address
or
just
friends?
The
BBC
Share
Take
Care
campaign
is
all
about
helping
everybody,
from
little
kids
to
the
over
55s,
to
make
their
online
activity
safer
and
protect
themselves
on
the
web.
The
campaign
says
adults
and
teenagers
need
to
be
more
careful
with
personal
information
and
images
online.
Everybody
knows
that
we
should
be
polite
and
kind
to
people
in
real
life
and
online.
Unluckily
this
doesn’t
always
happen.
Where
can
you
report
online
abuse
or
unkind
messages
to
yourself
or
your
friends?
Do
you
know
how
to
report
such
messages
online?
For
example,
if
you
see
an
unkind
tweet
on
Twitter
you
can
click
on＂more＂
and
then
choose
＂Report
tweet＂.
You
then
block
all
further
tweets
from
that
user.
1.
How
many
young
people
know
shared
information
stays
online
forever
according
to
the
report?
A.
Very
few.
B.
Less
than
a
half.
C.
More
than
a
half.
D.
Almost
everyone
2.
The
second
paragraph
mainly
tells
us
_________.
A.
how
to
use
Facebook
B.
how
to
change
our
email
address
C.
how
to
change
our
privacy
settings
D.
how
to
protect
our
personal
information
3.
What’s
the
purpose
of
the
BBC
Share
Take
Care
campaign?
A.
To
help
adults
to
surf
the
Internet.
B.
To
help
people
to
stay
safe
online.
C.
To
help
kids
to
protect
themselves
online.
D.
To
help
teenagers
to
be
careful
with
their
information
4.
When
you
see
an
unkind
message,
you
are
advised
to
___________.
A.
save
it
B.
forget
it
C.
ignore
it
D.
report
it
【文章大意】本文介绍了如何在网上保护自己的隐私以及如何安全上网。
1.
B
【解析】细节理解题。根据A
report
shows
that
only
40%
of
young
people
know
that
personal
information
shared
online
stays
online
forever.可知只有40%也就是不到一半的年轻人知道个人信息在网上共享，永远保持在线，故选B。
2.
C
【解析】概括归纳题。根据Do
you
know
how
to
change
your
privacy
settings
on
social
media?可知第二段主要讲述了如何改变我们的隐私设置，故选C。
3.
B
【解析】细节理解题。根据The
BBC
Share
Take
Care
campaign
is
all
about
helping
everybody,
from
little
kids
to
the
over
55,
to
make
their
online
activity
safer
and
protect
themselves
on
the
web.可知BBC＂关爱行动＂是为了帮助人们安全上网，故选B。
4.
C
【解析】推理判断题。根据For
example,
if
you
see
an
unkind
tweet
on
Twitter
you
can
click
on
＂more＂
and
then
choose
＂Report
tweet＂.
You
then
block
all
further
tweets
from
that
user.可知当你看见不友善的短文，你可以选择了解更多，也可以阻止读该短文，也就是忽视它，故选C。
（二）
In
Britain,
Australia,
Canada
and
a
few
other
English-speaking
countries,
people
don't
stop
celebrating
when
Christmas
Day
is
over.
They
also
celebrate
the
following
day,
known
as
Boxing
Day.
It
is
a
popular
day
for
giving
additional（另外的）gifts.
It
has
been
celebrated
for
so
long,
but
nobody
exactly
knows
how
it
started.
Some
people
believe
Boxing
Day
began
in
the
Middle
Ages.
In
those
days:
in
some
special
places
there
were
special
collection
boxes
where
people
threw
money
for
the
poor.
The
day
after
Christmas
the
boxes
were
opened
and
the
money
was
counted.
Then
the
money
went
to
helping
the
poor
in
the
area.
Others
believe
Boxing
Day
started
about
300
years
ago
when
some
rich
people
had
Christmas
feasts
(盛宴).
They
offered
lots
of
food
to
their
guests.
Because
many
servants
(仆人）were
needed
to
make
and
serve
the
food,
they
could
not
celebrate
Christmas
with
their
families.
To
thank
them,
the
rich
people
would
put
food
into
boxes
for
their
servants
to
take
home.
Now
Boxing
Day
has
become
a
public
holiday
in
some
countries.
Some
people
spend
the
day
boxing
up
old
or
unwanted
things
and
donating（捐赠）them
to
the
poor.
Many
people
are
active
in
helping
service
organizations(组织)like
the
Red
Cross.
No
matter
how
Boxing
Day
got
its
start,
it's
a
wonderful
time
to
donate
things
or
give
small
gifts
to
people.
By
doing
so,
you
cam
make
someone's
holiday
much
happier.
1.
From
the
first
paragraph
we
know
that
Boxing
Day
___________.
A.
has
a
long
history
B.
is
before
Christmas
Day
C.
is
celebrated
in
only
three
countries
D.
is
the
day
for
buying
gifts
2.
In
the
Middle
Ages
people
put
____________into
the
boxes.
A.
unwanted
things
B.
food
C.
old
things
D.
money
3.
What
did
the
servants
mainly
do
on
Christmas
Day?
A.
They
took
the
food
home.
B.
They
had
Christmas
feasts.
C.
They
made
and
served
the
food.
D.
They
celebrated
with
their
families
4.
Today
Boxing
Day
is
a
time
___________.
A.
to
thank
the
rid
people
B.
to
make
the
guests
happy
C.
to
give
people
help
or
small
gifts
D.
to
remember
the
old
days
5.
What's
the
best
title(题目)
for
the
passage?
A.
Christmas
Day
B.
Boxing
Day
C.
The
Red
Cross
D.
The
Middle
Ages
【文章大意】本文主要向我们介绍了节礼日以及它的历史和发展。
1.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“It
has
been
celebrated
for
so
long,
but
nobody
exactly
knows
how
it
started.”可知，节礼日已经庆祝很久了。故选A。
2.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“In
those
days:
in
some
special
places
there
were
special
collection
boxes
where
people
threw
money
for
the
poor.”可知，在中世纪人们把钱扔进箱子中。故选D。
3.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Because
many
servants
(仆人）were
needed
to
make
and
serve
the
food”可知，圣诞节，仆人需要制作和供应食物。故选C。
4.C【解析】推理判断题。A：感谢那些摆脱困境的人；B：让客人高兴；C：给别人帮助或小礼物；D：为了记住过去的日子。根据倒数第二段内容可知，现在节礼日已经成为一些国家的公共假日，有些人把旧的或不需要的东西捐赠给穷人，很多人活跃于像红十字会一样的帮助服务性组织中。结合选项，故选C。
5.B【解析】最佳标题题。A：圣诞节；B：节礼日；C：红十字会；D：中世纪。根据文章内容可知，本文主要向我们介绍了节礼日。故选B。
（三）
Welcome
to
London!
Now
let
me
tell
you
something
about
this
wonderful
city.
London,
the
capital
of
the
United
Kingdom,
is
the
biggest
city
in
Western
Europe
with
over
7
million
people.
It
sits
by
the
River
Thames.
London
has
a
history
of
more
than
2000
years.
Because
all
over
the
world
are
familiar
with
the
city’s
red
double?decker
(双层的)
buses
and
black
taxis.
People
The
British
Empire
used
to
rule
around
the
world,
so
many
people
from
around
the
world
moved
to
London.
They
have
brought
with
them
their
own
languages
and
cultures.
More
than
300
different
languages
are
spoken
in
London.
Culture
London
is
known
for
its
museums.
One
important
museum
is
British
Museum.
It
is
the
oldest
public
museum
in
the
world.
There
are
two
main
art
museums
in
London:
the
National
Gallery
and
the
Tate
Gallery.
Besides,
London
is
also
home
to
arts,
such
as
theatre
and
music.
The
Globe
Theatre,
which
was
popular
in
the
late
16th
and
17th
centuries,
was
opened
for
performances
of
William
Shakespeare’s
central
London.
Tourist
attractions
London
has
many
wonderful
places
to
visit.
For
example,
the
well-known
Clock
Tower,
a
320?foot?high
tower,
was
called
the
Big
Ben.
Another
famous
London
building
is
Buckingham
Palace.
The
members
of
royal
(皇家的)
family
of
England
live
there.
Besides,
Hyde
Park
is
the
largest
open
area
in
central
London.
1.
What’s
the
population
of
London?
A.
Less
than
7
million.
B.
Only
7
million.
C.
More
than
7
million.
D.
Nearly
7
million.
2.
How
many
museums
are
there
in
London
according
to
the
passage?
A.
Two
B.
Three
C.
Four
D.
Five
3.
The
members
of
royal
family
of
England
live
in
________.
A.
the
Big
Ben
B.
Buckingham
Palace
C.
Hyde
Park
D.
British
Museum
4.
Which
of
the
following
is
NOT
mentioned
(提及)
in
the
passage?
A.
The
Location
of
London.
B.
The
history
of
London.
C.
The
interesting
places
in
London.
D.
The
food
in
London.
5.
From
the
passage,
we
can
know
that
________.
A.
more
than
300
different
languages
are
spoken
in
London
B.
the
Globe
Theatre
has
less
than
300
years’
history
C.
the
Big
Ben
is
a
320?foot?high
clock
D.
London
is
the
biggest
city
in
Europe
【文章大意】文章介绍了伦敦的语言、文化和名胜古迹。
1.
C
【解析】句意：伦敦的人口是多少？根据London,
the
capital
of
the
United
Kingdom,
is
the
biggest
city
in
Western
Europe
with
over
7
million
people.可知选C。
2.
B
【解析】句意：伦敦有多少博物馆？根据One
important
museum
is
British
Museum.和There
are
two
main
art
museums
in
London可知选B。
3.
B
【解析】句意：英国的皇室成员住在……。根据Another
famous
London
building
is
Buckingham
Palace.
The
members
of
royal
(皇家的)
family
of
England
live
there.
可知选B。
4.
D
【解析】句意：哪个没被提到？根据It
sits
by
the
River
Thames.可知A提到了；London
has
a
history
of
more
than
2,
000
years.可知B提到了；London
has
many
wonderful
places
to
visit.
For
example,
the
well-known
Clock
Tower,
a
320?foot?high
tower,
was
called
the
Big
Ben.
Another
famous
London
building
is
Buckingham
Palace.可知C提到了，故选D。
5.
A
【解析】句意：我们知道……。根据More
than
300
different
languages
are
spoken
in
London.可知选A。
（四）
Different
gestures
(手势)
mean
different
things
in
different
countries.
Sometimes
a
gesture
that
is
polite
in
one
country
is
not
polite
in
another
and
should
not
be
used.
Different
meanings
of
gestures
can
also
cause
problems
in
understanding
what
another
person
is
trying
to
say.
A
gesture
that
many
people
do
not
understand
is
one
that
uses
the
thumb.
Most
westerners
will
sometimes
show
that
they
like
something
by
holding
out
a
closed
hand
with
the
thumb
lifting
in
the
air.
This
is
called
give
someone
or
something
＂the
thumbs
up＂.
Often,
only
one
thumb
is
used,
so
it
should
be
＂the
thumb
up＂.
The
usual
explanation
(解释)
for
the
origin
of
this
gesture
is
not
really
correct.
It
says
that
in
ancient
Roman
times,
when
people
were
pleased
with
the
way
a
gladiator
(角斗士)
had
fought,
they
showed
their
thumbs
up.
When
they
were
not
pleased,
they
gave
the
thumbs
down.
When
a
gladiator
was
given
the
thumbs
up,
the
emperor
allowed
him
to
live.
When
a
gladiator
was
given
the
thumbs
down,
the
emperor
ordered
him
to
be
killed.
The
truth
is,
however,
it
was
translated
into
a
wrong
meaning
by
mistake.
If
people
wanted
to
save
the
gladiator,
they
put
out
their
hands
and
hid
their
thumbs
in
their
hands.
If
they
wanted
the
gladiator
to
die,
they
pointed
their
thumbs
straight
at
him.
1.
Westerners
lift
their
thumbs
when
they
________.
A.
want
someone
to
die
B.
like
something
C.
want
to
go
to
a
playground
D.
want
someone
to
live
2.
Most
people
think
that
in
ancient
Rome,
＂thumbs
up＂
meant
that
________.
A.
the
emperor
could
die
B.
the
people
wanted
the
gladiator
to
live
C.
the
fighting
could
continue
D.
the
people
were
not
pleased
3.
In
fact,
if
people
wanted
a
gladiator
to
live,
they
________.
A.
hid
their
thumbs
B.
pointed
their
thumbs
down
C.
lifted
their
thumbs
up
D.
pointed
their
thumbs
at
him
4.
From
the
article
we
know
that
________.
A.
different
gestures
have
different
meanings
in
different
countries
B.
a
friendly
gesture
is
always
the
same
in
different
countries
C.
the
meaning
of
＂thumbs
up＂
is
the
same
both
now
and
the
past
D.
we
should
often
use
the
thumbs
5.
The
main
idea
of
this
article
is
about
________.
A.
gestures
around
the
world
B.
closed
thumbs
C.
gestures
in
ancient
Rome
D.
the
thumbs?up
gesture
【文章大意】文章主要讲述了一个手势在不同的国家有不同的意思。
1.
B
【解析】根据Most
westerners
will
sometimes
show
that
they
like
something
by
holding
out
a
closed
hand
with
the
thumb
lifting
in
the
air.大部分西方人握拳并伸出大拇指是为了表达他们喜欢某物，故选B。
2.
B
【解析】根据When
a
gladiator
was
given
the
thumbs
up,
the
emperor
allowed
him
to
live.当人们对一个角斗士做出大拇指向上的手势时，国王会让他活下去。故选B。
3.
A
【解析】根据If
people
wanted
to
save
the
gladiator,
they
put
out
their
hands
and
hid
their
thumbs
in
their
hands.可知，如果人们想让角斗士活下去时，他们伸出手来，将大拇指藏进拳头里。故选A。
4.
A
【解析】根据Different
gestures
(手势)
mean
different
things
in
different
countries.可知A是正确的；Sometimes
a
gesture
that
is
polite
in
one
country
is
not
polite
in
another
and
should
not
be
used.可知B不对；The
truth
is,
however,
it
was
translated
into
a
wrong
meaning
by
mistake.可知C不对；文章只是介绍了大拇指的相关手势，没有要求我们经常使用大拇指，所以D不对；故选A。
5.
D
【解析】文章以大拇指的手势为例，告诉我们一个手势在不同的国家有不同的意思，故选D。
（五）
AI(人工智能)makes
our
lives
easier
and
better.
Let's
see
the
amazing
AI.
Cool
driverless
bus
A
bus
door
opens
and
you
get
on.
Wait!
Where
is
the
driver?
Here
is
a
new
kind
of
driverless
bus
called
Apolong.
It
has
14
seats
and
doesn't
need
a
driver.
The
bus
follows
traffic
rules.
It
stops
as
soon
as
it
sees
a
stop
light.
Your
close
friend
Hi,
everyone.
I'm
Xiaobing,
a
chatbot
(聊天机器人).
I
speak
like
a
17—year—old
girl.
If
you
feel
lonely,
you
can
talk
with
me.
I'm
talented
at
singing,
writing
poems
and
telling
stories.
I
want
to
be
your
friend!
World's
first
AI
anchor
(主播)
Hey,
look!
The
famous
Chinese
anchor
Qiu
Hao
is
reporting
the
news
for
us.
But,
is
"he"
really
Qiu
Hao?
The
answer
is
"no".
This
is
the
world's
first
Al
anchor.
It
looks
and
speaks
just
like
a
real
person.
It
can
work
24
hours
and
doesn't
make
any
mistakes.
You
might
see
it
on
TV
soon.
Popular
AI
artist
This
beautiful
painting
was
at
an
auction(拍卖)in
2020.
The
painting
is
worth
about
3,
000000
yuan!
But
it
is
not
a
work
by
a
famous
painter,
such
as
Vincent
van
Gogh.
It
was
painted
by
an
AI
arts.
Three
Frenchmen
created
the
Al
artist
It
studied
over
15,
000
paintings.
In
this
way,
it
learned
to
paint.
1.
The
fact
about
Apolong
is
that
________.
A.
the
bus
door
can't
open
itself
B.
it
stops
as
soon
as
it
sees
a
stop
light
C.
there
are
24
seats
in
it
D.
it
doesn't
follow
the
traffic
rules
2.
Xiaobing
can
NOT
________.
A.
go
out
to
play
with
you
B.
talk
with
you
if
you
feel
lonely
C.
sing
D.
be
your
friend
3.
The
painting
________.
A.
was
at
an
auction
in
2019
B.
is
worth
about
3,
000,
000
yuan
at
an
auction
C.
is
a
work
painted
by
Vincent
van
Gogh
D.
was
studied
by
three
French
artists
over
15,
000
times
4.
Which
of
the
following
is
TRUE
according
to
the
passage?
A.
AI
makes
our
lives
harder
and
worse.
B.
This
new
kind
of
driverless
bus
also
needs
a
driver
to
control
it.
C.
Xiaobing
is
a
17—year—old
girl.
D.
The
AI
anchor
can
work
24
hours
and
doesn't
make
any
mistakes.
5.
We
can
probably
read
the
passage
in
________.
A.
a
storybook
B.
a
notice
C.
a
newspaper
D.
a
novel
【文章大意】本文介绍了四种人工智能产品。
1.B【解析】细节理解题。根据It
stops
as
soon
as
it
sees
a
stop
light，可知，它每次看到红绿灯都会停下来。故选B。
2.A【解析】细节理解题。根据If
you
feel
lonely,
you
can
talk
with
me.
I'm
talented
at
singing,
writing
poems
and
telling
stories.
I
want
to
be
your
friend，可知，聊天机器人可以聊天，可以唱歌，写诗和讲故事，也可以成为你的朋友。结合所给选项，只有A选项不可以做。故选A。
3.B【解析】细节理解题。根据This
beautiful
painting
was
at
an
auction(拍卖)in
2020.
The
painting
is
worth
about
3,
000000
yuan，可知，这幅油画在2020年的一次拍卖会上价值约300000元。故选B。
4.D【解析】推理判断题。根据AI(人工智能)makes
our
lives
easier
and
better，可知，人工智能使我们的生活更好更简单，所以A选项错误。根据It
has
14
seats
and
doesn't
need
a
driver，可知，无人驾驶公交车不需要司机，所以B选项错误。根据I
speak
like
a
17—year—old
girl，可知，Xiaobing像一个17岁的女孩一样说话，所以C选项错误。根据It
can
work
24
hours
and
doesn't
make
any
mistakes，可知，人工智能主播可以工作24小时，并不犯任何错误，所以D选项正确。故选D。
5.C【解析】推理判断题。根据AI(人工智能)makes
our
lives
easier
and
better.
Let's
see
the
amazing
AI，可知，本文介绍了四种人工智能产品，结合所给选项，这篇文章我们最可能会在报纸上看到。故选C。
（六）
What
are
coronaviruses?
Coronaviruses
were
discovered
in
the
1960s.
They
are
a
group
of
viruses
that
cause
diseases
in
mammals
and
birds.
In
humans,
coronaviruses
cause
respiratory
tract
infections.
The
new
coronavirus.
At
the
end
of
2019,
a
new
type
of
coronavirus
started
spreading
in
China.
This
type
of
coronavirus
is
often
called
2019-nCoV,
novel
coronavirus,
or
COVID-19.
It
is
believed
that
the
virus
was
transmitted
from
animals
to
humans.
Some
of
the
first
cases
were
diagnosed
in
people
who
had
visited
a
market
selling
live
seafood
and
animals.
Unfortunately,
when
viruses
are
transmitted
from
animals
to
people
it
can
take
scientists
a
lot
of
time
before
they
can
develop
a
vaccine
or
medicines
to
cure
it.
How
does
the
virus
spread?
The
virus
appears
to
spread
mainly
from
person
to
person.
The
transmission
occurs
when
someone
comes
into
contact
with
an
infected
person.
For
example,
a
cough,
a
sneeze
or
a
handshake
could
cause
transmission.
The
spread
may
also
be
caused
by
coming
into
contact
with
something
an
infected
person
has
touched
and
then
touching
your
mouth,
nose
or
eyes.
virus
病毒
mammal
哺乳动物
respiratory
呼吸的
infection
感染transmit
传染
case
病例
diagnose
诊断
cure
治愈
occur
发生contact
接触
1.
When
were
coronaviruses
discovered?
A.
In
the
1960s.
B.
In
the
1970s.
C.
In
the
1980s.
2.
Where
did
the
new
coronaviruses
start
spreading
at
the
end
of
2019?
A.
In
China.
B.
In
America.
C.
All
over
the
world.
3.
Is
it
easy
for
the
doctors
to
cure
COVID-19?
A.
Yes,
it
is.
B.
No,
it
isn’t.
C.
Not
mentioned.
4.
How
many
ways
are
mentioned
for
the
spread
of
the
new
coronaviruses?
A.
1
B.
2.
C.
3.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。主要讲了三方面的内容：1.什么是冠状病毒？2.新型冠状病毒；3.病毒是如何传播的？
1.A【解析】细节理解题。根据“
Coronaviruses
were
discovered
in
the
1960s.”可知，冠状病毒是在20世纪60年代发现的。故选A。
2.A【解析】细节理解题。根据“At
the
end
of
2019,
a
new
type
of
coronavirus
started
spreading
in
China.”可知，2019年底，新型冠状病毒开始在中国蔓延，故选A。
3.B【解析】细节理解题。根据“Unfortunately,
when
viruses
are
transmitted
from
animals
to
people，it
can
take
scientists
a
lot
of
time
before
they
can
develop
a
vaccine
or
medicines
to
cure
it.”（不幸的是，当病毒从动物传播给人类时，科学家要花很长时间才能研制出治疗病毒的疫苗或药物。）可知，文中提到专家研制治疗病毒的疫苗或药物需要很长时间,故不容易治疗，选B。
4.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知，病毒人传人的方式有两种：1.与被感染者接触；2.接触了被感染者接触过的东西。故选B。
（七）
Things
You
Can
Do
In
One
Second
To
Make
Your
Life
Happier
One
second.
That’s
all
it
takes
to
make
your
life
happier.
△
Then
check
out
this
list
of
things
you
can
do
in
a
single
second.
That
will
bring
more
happiness
into
your
life
every
day.
Give
a
great
big
smile.
Look
for
an
easy
way
to
make
your
life
happier.
Smile
more.
Smiling
can
help
you
feel
better
instantly.
And
it
can
be
contagious.
So
give
a
smile
to
a
total
stranger
on
the
street.
Or
if
you’re
sad,
angry,
or
annoyed
about
something,
choose
to
smile
and
laugh
it
off
instead.
Take
a
deep
breath.
Deep
breathing
is
one
of
the
best
ways
to
reduce
stress
and
bring
balance
back
into
your
life.
And
it
only
takes
a
second.
Take
some
time
out
each
day
to
focus
on
nothing
except
your
breath.
You’ll
find
your
life
becomes
happier,
healthier,
and
less
stressful.
Take
a
sip
of
water.
It’s
no
surprise
that
drinking
water
is
good
for
your
health.
Try
keeping
a
water
bottle
with
you
wherever
you
go,
and
take
a
second
to
drink
water
a
couple
times
every
hour.
Drinking
water
can
help
keep
you
hydrated,
control
calories,
filter
your
kidneys,
and
keep
healthy
skin.
Give
thanks.
Happy
people
have
this
in
common:
They
are
grateful
for
all
the
good
things
in
their
lives.
This
means
that
to
make
your
life
happier,
take
a
few
minutes
each
day
and
count
your
blessings.
Say
“Thank
you”
more
often.
Show
your
appreciation
when
good
things
come
your
way.
instantly
立刻
balance
平衡
focus
集中
hydrated
含水的calorie
热量
filter
过滤
kidney
肾脏
skin
皮肤
grateful
感激blessing
福分
appreciate
感激
1.
Which
can
best
replace
“
△
”
in
the
passage?
A.
Do
you
think
so?
B.
Don’t
believe
it?
C.
Am
I
right?
2.
What
does
the
word
“contagious”
mean
in
Chinese?
A.
充满希望的
B.
滑稽的
C.
有感染力的
3.
What
can
you
do
to
keep
healthy
skin?
A.
Take
deep
breath.
B.
Drink
some
water.
C.
Give
thanks.
4.
Which
“second”
in
the
following
has
the
same
meaning
as
in
the
passage?
A.
Downstairs,
on
the
second
floor,
Michael
served
Mona
breakfast.
B.
The
gun
was
fired
and
Beaton
was
wounded
a
second
time.
C.
Can
you
just
lift
the
table
for
a
second?
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一秒钟内做的事情就能让生活更快乐的方法。
1.B【解析】题意：填入文中空格处的最佳选项是什么？
推理判断题。根据上文One
second.
That’s
all
it
takes
to
make
your
life
happier可知，根据常识可知，一秒钟通常做不了什么事情，故此处说的一秒钟就能让生命更快乐，这一说法让人很难相信。B选项Don’t
believe
it?“不相信吗？”符合题意，故选B。
2.C【解析】题意：单词“contagious”的中文意思是什么？
词句猜测题。根据第二段中"
Smiling
can
help
you
feel
better
instantly."可知微笑能让你立即感觉很好，根据下文“And
it
can
be
contagious.
So
give
a
smile
to
a
total
stranger
on
the
street.”可知，笑容是会传染，所以在街上遇到陌生人也应该多笑一笑。C选项“有感染力的”符合题意，故选C。
3.B【解析】题意：你能做什么来保持皮肤健康？
细节理解题。根据原文“Drinking
water
can
help
keep
you
hydrated,
control
calories,
filter
your
kidneys,
and
keep
healthy
skin.”可知，喝水可以保持皮肤健康。B选项Drink
some
water“喝水”符合题意，故选B。
4.C【解析】题意：本文中“second”的意思与下列哪一项的“second”意思相同？
词句猜测题。原文中“second”的意思是“一秒钟”，C选项Can
you
just
lift
the
table
for
a
second?“你能把桌子抬一下吗？”其中，second意为“一秒钟”，故选C。
（八）
Happy,
Happy
Chinese
New
Year
by
Demi
Hitz
In
a
book
that
is
itself
a
celebration,
Demi
explains
the
ideas
behind
the
Chinese
New
Year
festival.
The
last
15
days
of
the
old
year
are
spent
cleaning
and
preparing
(Wash
your
hair
and
get
a
new
haircut.
Pay
the
debts
that
you
owe
and
collect
what
is
owed
to
you!).
On
the
eve
of
the
new
moon,
a
special
feast
is
prepared…
The
first
15
days
of
the
New
Year
are
spent
celebrating
with
lion
dances,
firecrackers,
and
other
activities.
Demi
has
long
been
interested
in
Eastern
art
and
philosophy,
which
inspired
her
to
create
this
book
about
the
Chinese
New
Year
celebration.
She
has
written
and
illustrated
more
than
20
books
for
children,
including
The
Empty
Pot,
Gandhi,
and
Kites:
Magic
Wishes
that
Fly
Up
to
the
Sky.
Chinese
New
Year
for
Kids
by
Cindy
Roberts
Chinese
New
Year
for
Kids
is
a
full
color
book
with
beautiful,
Chinese
illustrations.
This
is
a
hands-on
workbook
for
parents
and
teachers,
written
for
children
from
ages
3
to
12
years
old,
for
use
in
the
classroom
or
at
home.
Children
will
enjoy
the
Chinese
New
Year
party
ideas,
dragon
dances,
lion
dances,
art
projects,
and
Chinese
games.
The
art
projects
for
Chinese
New
Year
are
designed
to
be
easy,
as
well
as
inexpensive
to
reproduce
for
large
groups.
All
the
activities
in
this
book
have
been
tested
in
the
classroom,
with
very
successful
results,
and
have
caused
lots
of
enthusiasm
from
children
and
teachers
alike.
Music,
physical
movement,
art,
and
food
all
add
to
the
ambiance
of
taking
an
imaginary
trip
to
China
during
the
Chinese
New
Year.
debt
债
owe
欠
feast
宴会
philosophy
哲学illustrate
插图
design
设计
enthusiasm
热情
ambiance
气氛
1.
What
is
“Happy,
Happy
Chinese
New
Year”?
A.
A
book.
B.
A
celebration.
C.
A
festival.
2.
What
do
Chinese
usually
do
before
the
New
Year?
A.
They
usually
have
a
big
meal
every
day.
B.
They
are
busy
cleaning
and
preparing.
C.
They
are
celebrating
with
activities.
3.
Who
will
most
likely
read
the
books
by
Demi?
A.
Children
from
western
countries.
B.
Students
from
China.
C.
Indian
Children.
4.
What
will
the
readers
most
probably
do
after
reading
“Chinese
New
Year
for
Kids”?
A.
They
will
join
to
write
more
books
about
China.
B.
They
will
have
a
strong
wish
to
visit
China
during
Chinese
New
Year.
C.
They
will
enjoy
the
Chinese
New
Year
party
ideas,
dragon
and
lion
dances.
【文章大意】本文介绍了两本关于介绍中国新年的书籍。
1.A【解析】细节理解题。根据文中“Happy,
Happy
Chinese
New
Year
by
Demi
Hitz；In
a
book
that
is
itself
a
celebration,
Demi
explains
the
ideas
behind
the
Chinese
New
Year
festival.”可知，Happy,
Happy
Chinese
New
Year是由黛米·希茨所写的一本书。故选A。
2.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“The
last
15
days
of
the
old
year
are
spent
cleaning
and
preparing”可知，在新年到来之前，中国人忙着打扫和准备。故选B。
3.A【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Demi
has
long
been
interested
in
Eastern
art
and
philosophy,
which
inspired
her
to
create
this
book
about
the
Chinese
New
Year
celebration.”可知，黛米一直对东方艺术和哲学感兴趣，这本书是关于中国新年庆典的，而且她还写了其他面向孩子的书，所以西方的孩子们最有可能阅读这本书，去了解中国的春节。故选A。
4.B【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Music,
physical
movement,
art,
and
food
all
add
to
the
ambiance
of
taking
an
imaginary
trip
to
China
during
the
Chinese
New
Year.”可知，音乐，身体运动，艺术和食物都增加了在中国新年期间去中国旅行的氛围，所以当作者读了这本书以后，他们将有一个强烈的愿望，在春节期间访问中国。故选B。
（九）
How
did
people
tell
the
time
before
clocks
were
invented?
At
first,
the
ancient
people
looked
up
at
the
sun
and
could
tell
it
was
the
middle
of
the
day
when
the
sun
was
directly
overhead
in
the
sky.
They
also
knew
when
it
was
morning
or
evening.
Later,
the
Egyptians
used
sticks.
These
sticks
measured
(测量)
time
during
the
day.
The
sun
shone
on
the
tall
stick
and
the
stick
made
a
shadow
(阴影).
As
the
sun
moved
across
the
sky,
the
position
(位置)
of
the
shadow
changed.
This
would
let
people
tell
what
time
it
was.
Over
time,
the
Chinese
first
used
sundials
instead
of
shadow
sticks.
The
sundial
has
a
type
of
shadow
stick
on
it.
As
the
sun
shines
on
it,
a
shadow
appears
on
the
numbers.
Each
number
stands
for
an
hour
of
the
day.
But
sundials
don't
work
at
night
or
on
a
cloudy
day!
There
are
no
shadows
unless
the
sun
is
out.
Water
clocks
used
water
to
measure
time
at
night.
Water
dripped
(滴落)
slowly
from
one
bowl
into
another.
The
level
of
the
water
in
the
bowls
showed
the
time.
People
also
used
sand-glasses.
You
may
have
seen
one.
Some
games
still
use
sand-glasses.
The
sand
falls
from
the
top
of
the
sand-glasses
to
the
bottom.
It
measures
short
amounts
of
the
time.
The
more
sand
falls,
the
more
time
has
passed.
When
the
sand
has
finished
falling,
you
have
to
turn
the
sand-glasses
over.
1.
At
first,
the
ancient
people
told
the
time
by
looking
at
________.
A.
the
stick
B.
the
shadow
C.
the
sun
D.
the
moon
2.
Which
picture
can
be
a
"sundial"?
A.
B.
C.
D.
3.
Sundials
can
be
used
to
tell
the
time
when
it
is
________.
A.
sunny
B.
rainy
C.
cloudy
D.
snowy
4.
Which
is
right
according
to
the
passage?
A.
Sticks
measured
time
in
Egypt
day
and
night.
B.
Sundials
were
first
used
in
ancient
Egypt.
C.
Sand-glasses
usually
measure
a
long
time.
D.
The
water
clock
told
the
time
by
the
water
level
in
the
bowls.
5.
What's
the
main
idea
of
the
passage?
A.
Something
about
sundials.
B.
How
to
tell
the
time
by
looking
at
the
sun.
C.
How
to
tell
the
time
in
the
past.
D.
Some
inventions
in
China.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在钟表发明出来之前，人们都是利用什么来计时和看时间。
1.C【解析】细节理解题。根据“At
first,
the
ancient
people
looked
up
at
the
sun
and
could
tell
it
was
the
middle
of
the
day
when
the
sun
was
directly
overhead
in
the
sky”可知起初古代人是通过看太阳来计算时间的，故选C。
2.B【解析】推理判断题。根据“The
sundial
has
a
type
of
shadow
stick
on
it.
As
the
sun
shines
on
it,
a
shadow
appears
on
the
numbers”，可知日晷有一根阴影棒，太阳照射后阴影会出现在数字上，根据图片所示，可判断是B图，故选B。
3.A【解析】细节理解题。根据“But
sundials
don't
work
at
night
or
on
a
cloudy
day!
There
are
no
shadows
unless
the
sun
is
out”，可知必须要有太阳，故选A。
4.D【解析】判断正误题。根据“These
sticks
measured
(测量)
time
during
the
day”，可知小棍子只在白天测量时间，晚上不行，A选项表述错误，排除；根据“Over
time,
the
Chinese
first
used
sundials
instead
of
shadow
sticks”，可知是中国人率先使用日晷，而不是埃及人，B选项表述错误，排除；根据“The
sand
falls
from
the
top
of
the
sand-glasses
to
the
bottom.
It
measures
short
amounts
of
the
time”，可知沙漏只能测量短的时间，而不是长的时间，C选项表述错误，排除；根据“The
level
of
the
water
in
the
bowls
showed
the
time”，可知水时钟是通过水平面来展示时间的，D选项表述正确，故选D。
5.C【解析】文章主旨题。通读全文，可知文章主要介绍了在钟表发明出来之前，人们都是利用什么来计时和看时间的，故选C。
（十）
If
you
walk
along
the
River
Thames,
there
are
lots
of
interesting
buildings
to
see.
Running
through
the
heart
of
London,
there
are
also
many
galleries,
markets,
shops
and
activities
to
keep
you
busy
along
its
banks.
You
will
also
see
a
strange
round
building.
It
looks
very
old
and
very
different
from
all
the
others,
This
is
Shakespeare’s
Globe
Theatre(莎士比亚环球剧场).
The
Globe
Theatre
was
first
built
here
in
1599.
William
Shakespeare
was
one
of
the
most
famous
writers
that
ever
lived.
His
plays
were
performed
in
the
theatre
for
many
years.
However,
in
1613,
a
fire
broke
out
during
a
performance.
The
theatre
was
destroyed(毁坏),
but
the
second
was
built
the
following
year.
It
remained
a
theatre
until
1644,
and
then
it
was
pulled
down
to
build
houses.
The
modern（and
also
the
third）Globe
Theatre
was
completed
in
1997,
over
350
years
later.
This
was
done
to
honor
Shakespeare,
the
most
famous
English
writer.
To
this
day,
his
many
plays
are
performed
there
daily.
He
wrote
around
thirty-eight
plays.
They
are
comedies（funny
stories）,
histories（about
historical
events
and
people）,
and
tragedies（serious
and
sad
stories）.
People
come
from
all
over
the
world
to
watch
them
at
the
Globe
Theatre.
They
are
performed
in
exactly
the
same
way
as
they
were
hundreds
of
years
ago.
The
building
is
round
and
made
mostly
of
wood.
There
are
simple
seats
on
three
different
levels
all
around
the
sides.
Everyone
can
see
the
stage(舞台).
However,
there
is
no
roof(屋顶)
in
the
middle!
The
cheapest
tickets
are
standing
tickets.
You
stand
in
the
middle,
right
in
front
of
the
actors,
but
if
it
rains,
you
will
get
wet!
1.
When
was
the
second
Globe
Theatre
built?
A.
In
1599.
B.
In
1613.
C.
In
1614.
D.
In
1997.
2.
What
can
we
know
about
Shakespeare
according
to
the
second
paragraph?
A.
Shakespeare
was
one
of
the
most
famous
French
writers.
B.
Many
of
his
plays
are
performed
daily
in
the
modern
Globe
Theatre.
C.
His
plays
are
performed
in
a
different
way
from
they
were
hundreds
of
years
ago.
D.
He
wrote
thirty-eight
plays
that
were
all
about
historical
events
and
people.
3.
What
does
the
last
paragraph
mainly
tell
us?
A.
The
inside
structure(结构)
of
Shakespeare’s
Globe
Theatre.
B.
The
history
of
Shakespeare’s
Globe
Theatre.
C.
The
opening
time
of
Shakespeare’s
Globe
Theatre.
D.
The
three
types
of
tickets
that
you
can
choose.
4.
Which
of
the
following
statements
about
the
modern
Globe
Theatre
is
TRUE?
A.
It
has
remained
there
for
over
350
years.
B.
The
round
building
looks
old
and
strange.
C.
It
is
made
mostly
of
wood
and
has
a
round
roof
in
the
middle.
D.
If
we
buy
the
cheapest
tickets
in
the
theatre,
we
will
be
farthest
from
the
stage.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了位于伦敦的莎士比亚环球剧院。
1.C【解析】题意：第二个环球剧院是什么时候建成的？
细节理解题。根据原文However,
in
1613,
a
fire
broke
out
during
a
performance.
The
theatre
was
destroyed(毁坏),
but
the
second
was
built
the
following
year可知，1613年环球剧院被烧毁，第二年第二个环球剧院被建成。由此可知第二个环球剧院1614年被建成。C选项In
1614“在1614年”符合题意，故选C。
2.B【解析】题意：根据本文第二段的内容，我们能了解到关于莎士比亚的什么事情？
细节理解题。根据原文To
this
day,
his
many
plays
are
performed
there
daily可知，直到今天，他的许多戏剧每天都在那里上演。B选项Many
of
his
plays
are
performed
daily
in
the
modern
Globe
Theatre“他的许多戏剧每天都在最新的环球剧院上演”符合题意，故选B。
3.A【解析】题意：本文最后一段主要告诉我们什么？
主旨大意题。通读最后一段可知，本段主要描述了环球剧院的内部结构。A选项The
inside
structure(结构)
of
Shakespeare’s
Globe
Theatre“莎士比亚环球剧院的内部结构”符合题意，故选A。
4.B【解析】题意：以下关于最新环球剧院的说法中哪一项是正确的？
细节理解题。根据原文The
modern（and
also
the
third）Globe
Theatre
was
completed
in
1997,
over
350
years
later可知，最新的这座莎士比亚环球剧院是在1997年建成的，A选项“它（最新的这座莎士比亚环球剧院）已经在那里矗立了350多年了”说法错误，可排除。根据原文However,
there
is
no
roof(屋顶)
in
the
middle可知，C选项“它大部分是用木头做的，中间有一个圆形屋顶”说法错误，可排除。根据原文The
cheapest
tickets
are
standing
tickets.
You
stand
in
the
middle可知，最便宜的票是站票，可以站在建筑物的中央，离演员很近，D选项“如果我们在剧院买最便宜的票，我们将离舞台最远”说法错误，可排除。根据原文You
will
also
see
a
strange
round
building.
It
looks
very
old
and
very
different
from
all
the
others,
This
is
Shakespeare’s
Globe
Theatre可知，最新的这座莎士比亚环球剧院是一个看起来很旧、很奇怪的圆形建筑，B选项“这座圆形建筑看上去既陈旧又奇怪”符合题意，故选B。
（十一）
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immediately
if
your
Card
is
lost
or
stolen.
Cards
for
kids
and
teens
The
signature（签名）of
a
parent
is
needed
for
children（aged
13
and
under）.
The
parent
must
also
provide
a
photo
ID.
Teens（aged
14
to
17）use
the
process（流程）.
However,
teens
who
already
have
their
own
photo
ID
can
apply
without
a
parent's
signature.
Borrowing
materials（材料）
A
Library
Card
allows
you
to
borrow
25
things
at
most.
You
can
keep
each
borrowed
thing
for
more
than
60
days.
If
things
are
not
returned
in
60
days
you
should
pay
for
them.
The
fine
for
books
and
magazines
is
$1.00
each
per
day.
The
fine
for
CDs
and
DVDs
is
$2.00
each
per
day.
1.
Where
can
you
probably
find
the
passage?
A.
In
a
magazine.
B.
On
a
website.
C.
In
a
story
book.
2.
You
don't
have
to
go
to
the
library
when
you
want
to
____________.
A.
receive
a
Card
B.
borrow
a
magazine
C.
update
your
information
3.
If
you
receive
your
Library
Card
on
July
21,
2020,
when
will
the
Card
be
out-of-date?
A.
On
November
21,
2020.
B.
On
July
21,
2023.
C.
On
July
21,
2024.
4.
If
you
are
over
17
years
old,
what
do
you
need
to
apply
for
a
Card?
A.
Your
own
photo
ID.
B.
The
Card
of
your
parent.
C.
Your
parent's
signature.
5.
If
you
fail
to
return
the
borrowed
CDs
within
60
days,
how
much
should
you
pay
for
them
every
day?
A.
$1.00
each.
B.
$2.00
each.
C.
$3.00
each.
【文章大意】这是一说明文，本文介绍了申请图书证的方法以及使用图书证借书所遵循的规则。
1.B【解析】推理判断题。文章主要介绍了申请图书证的方法以及使用图书证借书所遵循的规则，根据“Click
here”点击此处，可知这篇文章来自某个网站。故选B。
2.C【解析】细节理解题。根据“You
must
come
to
the
library
to
receive
a
Card
or
change
an
expired
Card
yourself”，可知你必须自己到图书馆去接收图书证或更换到期的图书证，排除
A选项。根据常识，借杂志也是必须要去图书馆，排除B选项。文中并未提及必须要到图书馆更新信息，更新信息在线即可完成。故选C
。
3.C【解析】推理判断题。根据“Library
Cards
expire
after
four
years”，可知，图书证四年后到期。如果在2020年7
月21日收到了图书证，这张图书证会在2024年7月
21日到期。故选C。
4.A【解析】细节理解题。根据“The
signature
of
a
parent
is
needed
for
children
(aged
13
and
under).
The
parent
must
also
provide
photo
ID.
Teens
(aged
14
to17)
use
the
same
process”可知，超过17岁想申请一张图书证，只需自己带照片的证件，而不需要父母的证件。故选A。
5.B【解析】细节理解题。根据最后“The
fine
for
CDs
and
DVDs
is
$2.00
each
per
day.”如果在60天以内没有归还借的CD，每天需要付2美元。故选B。
（十二）
Do
you
know
5G?
It
is
the
fifth
generation（代）of
mobile
network
technology.
These
new
networks
are
coming.
China
just
issued
commercial
licenses（发放商用牌照）for
5G
on
June
6,
2019.
This
means
that
China's
telecom
companies
will
be
able
to
offer
5G
networks
for
mobile
phone
users.
Each
mobile
network
generation
is
faster
and
more
powerful
than
the
one
before
it.
1G
let
us
talk
to
each
other.
2G
let
us
send
messages.
3G
gave
us
data（数据）and
the
Internet.
And
4G
made
all
of
these
things
faster.
What's
special
about
5G?
5G
has
a
very
short
delay
between
sending
and
receiving
information.
Now,
4G
takes
about
100
to
200
milliseconds（毫秒）to
send
and
receive
data.
But
5G
will
get
it
down
to
1
millisecond
or
less-this
is
almost
real-time.
'This
big
change
will
not
only
make
our
mobile
Internet
faster，but
also
deeply
change
our
lives.
Read
on
to
find
out
how.
5G
+
entertainment（娱乐）
5G
networks
are
about
100
times
faster
than
4G.
This
means
you
can
download
a
movie
in
seconds
using
5G.
Also,
virtual
reality（VR）games
will
become
more
popular
with
5G.
The
short
delay
of
5G
will
make
the
games
feel
even
more
real.
5G
+
transport
5C
will
also
bring
us
safer
self-driving
cars.
These
cars
can
send
signals（信号）to
each
other.
They
also
talk
to
traffic
lights
and
road
sensors（传感器）.
5G
will
allow
cars
to
react（反应）even
faster
than
human
drivers.
5G
+
smart
homes
5G
also
makes
the
Internet
of
things
possible.
Internet
of
things
is
a
large
network
that
connects
everything
to
the
Internet.
Smart
homes
are
part
of
it.
For
example,
your
toaster
can
automatically（自动地）start
making
breakfast
after
your
alarm
rings.
And
if
its
sensor
feels
the
air
becoming
dry,
a
smart
sprinkler（洒水器）could
water
your
plants
by
itself.
1.
What's
the
writer's
purpose
in
writing
the
third
paragraph?
A.
To
explain
5G
is
the
best
of
all.
B.
To
share
his
knowledge
about
5G.
C.
To
encourage
people
to
use
the
new
network
technology.
D.
To
show
the
development
of
mobile
network
technology.
2.
What
does
the
underlined
word
“delay”
in
paragraph
4
mean
in
Chinese?
A.
卡顿
B.
延时
C.
暂停
D.
掉线
3.
Which
of
the
following
ways
is
not
mentioned
that
5G
will
change
people's
lives?
A.
Health
care
B.
Entertainment.
C.
Transport.
D.
Smart
homes.
4.
What
will
people
do
possibly
with
5G
according
to
the
passage?
A.
Download
a
movie
in
minutes.
B.
Put
everything
onto
the
Internet.
C.
Make
self-driving
cars
safer.
D.
Make
food
more
easily
and
faster.
5.
What's
the
main
idea
of
the
passage?
A.
5G
will
change
our
lives
in
many
ways.
B.
Mobile
networks
are
changing
for
better.
C.
5G
will
make
the
Internet
of
things
possible.
D.
5G
networks
for
mobile
phone
users
are
coming.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了5G网络的便捷，同时指出5G网络在娱乐，交通以及智能家庭方面给人们生活带来的改变。
1.D【解析】推理判断题。根据“Each
mobile
network
generation
is
faster
and
more
powerful
than
the
one
before
it.
1G
let
us
talk
to
each
other.
2G
let
us
send
messages.
3G
gave
us
data（数据）and
the
Internet.
And
4G
made
all
of
these
things
faster.
What's
special
about
5G”可知此处1G、2G、3G、4G以及5G，显示了手机网络的发展和变化。故选D。
2.B【解析】词义猜测题。根据第四段“Now,
4G
takes
about
100
to
200
milliseconds
to
send
and
receive
data.
But
5G
will
get
it
down
to
1
millisecond
or
less
—this
is
almost
real-time.”可知4G
网络用100-200毫秒收发数据，但是5G网络用不了一毫秒就能收发信息，真的很快了。所以5G在接收发送信息只有很短的延迟。delay表示“延迟”。故选B。
3.A【解析】细节理解题。根据文中“This
big
change
will
not
only
make
our
mobile
Internet
faster,
but
also
deeply
change
our
lives.
Read
on
to
find
out
how”以及文中的介绍5G+entertainment，5G+transportation，5G+smart
homes可知没有介绍5G对健康的改变，故选A。
4.C【解析】细节理解题。根据“5G
networks
are
about
100
times
faster
than
4G.
This
means
you
can
download
a
movie
in
seconds
using
5G.”在几秒钟就可以下载电影而不是几分钟，可知A选项表述错误。根据第二个黑色小标题第二句“These
cars
can
send
signals
to
each
other.
They
also
talk
to
traffic
lights
and
road
sensors.
5G
will
allow
cars
to
react
even
faster
than
human
drivers”可知车辆之间可以发送信号，可以和信号灯和传感器沟通，让轿车反应更快，让驾驶变得更安全，C选项表述正确。根据“Internet
of
things
is
a
large
network
that
connects
everything
to
the
Internet.”把每样事物连接到网络而不是把事物放到网上，可知B选项表述错误。根据“your
toaster
can
automatically
start
making
breakfast
after
your
alarm
rings”自动的做饭而不是烹饪食物更容易和更快，可知D选项表述错误。故选C。
5.A【解析】主旨大意题。文章讲解了5G网络的便捷，同时指出在娱乐，交通以及智能家庭方面给人们生活带来的改变。文章主要是介绍5G对我们生活的改变5G
will
change
our
lives
in
many
ways。故选A。
（十三）
China
is
called
the
Kingdom
of
fans.
Fans
are
everywhere
in
our
daily
life.
But
how
much
do
you
know
about
them?
It
is
said
that
fans
were
first
used
to
cool
the
air
during
the
Shang
Dynasty.
At
that
time,
they
were
made
of
feathers,
bamboo
or
silk.
Some
of
them
were
round,
while
others
were
square.
Folding
paper
fans
first
became
popular
during
the
Song
Dynasty.
There
were
usually
beautiful
pictures
on
the
fans.
Some
were
mountains
and
rivers,
others
were
flowers
and
animals.
Many
people,
including
Su
Dongpo,
a
poet
of
the
Song
Dynasty,
and
Tang
Bohu,
a
scholar
of
the
Song
Dynasty,
even
painted
and
wrote
poems
on
fans.
This
made
the
fans
into
art
works.
Many
rich
and
important
people
liked
holding
fans.
Today,
fans
are
popular
gifts.
During
the
2008
Beijing
Olympic
Games,
folding
fans
were
given
to
leaders
and
officials
from
other
countries,
as
well
as
audience
members.
While
they
were
having
their
fans
to
get
cool
air,
they
were
also
experiencing
Chinese
culture.
1.
The
fans
were
made
of
different
materials
except__________
during
the
Shang
Dynasty.
A.
paper
B.
bamboo
C.
silk
D.
feathers
2.
When
did
folding
fans
first
become
popular?
A.
The
Shang
dynasty.
B.
The
Song
Dynasty.
C.
Today.
D.
In
2008.
3.
What
couldn't
people
see
on
fans
in
the
Song
Dynasty?
A.
Mountains
B.
Animals
C.
Flowers
D.
Audience
4.
Which
of
the
following
is
TRUE
according
to
the
passage?
A.
Fans
were
first
used
to
cool
the
air
during
the
Song
dynasty.
B.
Tang
Bohu
never
wrote
or
painted
on
fans.
C.
Some
fans
were
round,
while
others
were
square
during
the
Shang
Dynasty.
D.
Folding
fans
were
only
given
to
leaders
and
officials
from
China.
5.
What's
the
best
title
of
this
passage?
A.
The
Development
of
Fans
B.
The
Shapes
of
Fans
C.
When
Fans
Became
Popular
D.
How
Fans
Became
Art
Works
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲了扇子在不同时期的发展、用途以及文化
1.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“At
that
time,
they
were
made
of
feathers,
bamboo
or
silk”扇子用羽毛、竹子或者丝绸做成，A选项paper纸张不包括。故选A。
2.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Folding
paper
fans
first
became
popular
during
the
Song
Dynasty”可知折扇在宋代变得流行。故选B。
3.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“There
were
usually
beautiful
pictures
on
the
fans.
Some
were
mountains
and
rivers,
others
were
flowers
and
animals”可知扇子上能看到山、河流、花和动物，D选项audience观众不包括。故选D。
4.C【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段“fans
were
first
used
to
cool
the
air
during
the
Shang
Dynasty”
可知A选项“Song
dynasty”表述错误。根据第三段“Tang
Bohu,
a
scholar
of
the
Song
Dynasty,
even
painted
and
wrote
poems
on
fans”
可知B选项“never
wrote
or
painted”
表述错误。根据第二段“Some
of
them
were
round,
while
others
were
square”
可知C选项表述正确。根据最后一段“folding
fans
were
given
to
leaders
and
officials
from
other
countries,
as
well
as
audience
members”可知D选项表述错误。故选C。
5.A【解析】标题概括题。文章主要讲了扇子在不同时期的发展、用途以及文化，标题可概括为The
Development
of
Fans。故选A。
（十四）
文内容,在A、B、C、D四个选项中选择一个正确答案。
Beijing
Opera
is
one
of
the
Chinese
traditional
drama
art
forms
and
the
largest
Chinese
opera
form.
Having
a
history
of
about
200
years,
it
is
developed
from
many
other
drama
forma,
mostly
from
the
local
drama
"Huiban".
It
was
especially
popular
in
south
China
during
the
18th
century.
Theatrical
(喜剧的)
art
forms
in
many
other
countries
do
not
have
singing,
dancing
and
spoken
parts
together
in
one
single
drama.
An
opera
singer,
for
example,
neither
dances
nor
speaks
on
stage;
there
are
no
singing
or
dancing
parts
in
a
modern
play;
in
a
dance
drama,
the
dancer
doesn't
speak
or
sing.
Traditional
Chinese
drama,
including
Beijing
Opera,
is
a
kind
of
entertainment.
It
includes
spoken
parts,
singing
and
dancing.
Beijing
Opera
has
spread
to
many
other
places.
Mei
Lanfang,
one
of
the
most
famous
performers
of
all,
was
the
first
to
introduce
Beijing
Opera
to
foreigners
and
made
highly
successful
tours
to
foreign
countries.
"You
will
doubt
and
sometimes
be
a
little
bored,
but
you
will
be
interested
gradually.
You
will
be
strongly
attracted
to
Beijing
Opera,
even
if
you
know
nothing
about
the
drama
background."
This
is
how
one
traveler
described
his
first
experience
in
watching
Beijing
Opera.
Beijing
Opera
is
China's
national
opera
and
it
is
full
of
Chinese
cultural
traditions.
Welcome
to
China
and
enjoy
Beijing
Opera!
1.
Beijing
Opera
is________.
A.
unpopular
in
north
China
B.
only
developed
from
the
local
drama
"Huiban"
C.
a
much
larger
Chinese
opera
form
D.
a
Chinese
traditional
drama
art
form
2.
After
watching
Beijing
Opera
for
the
first
time,
the
traveler
felt________.
A.
busy
B.
nervous
C.
interested
D.
uneasy
3.
The
underlined
word
"_it"
in
the
last
paragraph
means
________.
A.
Beijing
Opera
B.
local
dramas
C.
an
opera
singer
D.
a
modern
play
4.
According
to
the
passage,
which
of
the
following
statements
is
NOT
true?
A.
Beijing
Opera
is
a
kind
of
entertainment.
B.
An
opera
singer
neither
dances
nor
speaks
on
stage
usually.
C.
Only
old
people
are
interested
in
Beijing
Opera.
D.
Mei
Lanfang
was
the
first
one
to
introduce
Beijing
Opera
to
foreigners.
5.
The
main
purpose
of
writing
the
passage
is
to
________.
A.
ask
young
people
to
learn
Beijing
Opera
B.
tell
us
something
about
Beijing
Opera
C.
show
why
Beijing
Opera
is
popular
in
Europe
D.
introduce
everything
about
foreign
Opera
【文章大意】本文介绍了京剧。京剧是中国传统戏剧艺术形式之一，也是中国最大的戏曲形式。它有着近200年的历史，是在许多其他戏剧形式的基础上发展起来的。京剧，是一种娱乐。它包括说部分，唱歌和跳舞。梅兰芳是第一个把京剧介绍给外国人。
1.D【解析】细节题。根据第1段第1句“Beijing
Opera
is
one
of
the
Chinese
traditional
drama
art
forms
and
the
largest
Chinese
opera
form.（京剧是中国传统戏剧艺术形式之一，也是中国最大的戏曲形式。）”可知“京剧是一种中国传统的戏剧艺术形式。”故选D。
2.C【解析】细节题。根据第4段“"You
will
doubt
and
sometimes
be
a
little
bored,
but
you
will
be
interested
gradually.
You
will
be
strongly
attracted
to
Beijing
Opera,
even
if
you
know
nothing
about
the
drama
background."
This
is
how
one
traveler
described
his
first
experience
in
watching
Beijing
Opera.（“你会怀疑，有时会有点无聊，但你会逐渐感兴趣。即使你对京剧一无所知，你也会被京剧深深吸引。”一位旅行者这样描述他第一次看京剧的经历。）”可知“第一次看京剧后，这位旅行者很感兴趣。”故选C。
3.A【解析】词义推断题。此句“Beijing
Opera
is
China's
national
opera
and
it
is
full
of
Chinese
cultural
traditions.”句意是：京剧是中国的民族歌剧，它充满了中国的文化传统。根据句意可知“it”指代“京剧”，故选A。
4.C【解析】细节题。根据第2段第3句“Traditional
Chinese
drama,
including
Beijing
Opera,
is
a
kind
of
entertainment.（中国传统戏剧，包括京剧，是一种娱乐。）”可知A正确。根据第2段第2句中“An
opera
singer,
for
example,
neither
dances
nor
speaks
on
stage;（例如，一个歌剧演员在舞台上既不跳舞也不讲话；）”可知B正确。根据第3段第2句“Mei
Lanfang,
one
of
the
most
famous
performers
of
all,
was
the
first
to
introduce
Beijing
Opera
to
foreigners
and
made
highly
successful
tours
to
foreign
countries.（梅兰芳是最著名的演员之一，他第一个把京剧介绍给外国人，并在国外进行了非常成功的巡回演出。）”可知D正确。根据第4段描述“你会怀疑，有时会有点无聊，但你会逐渐感兴趣。即使你对京剧一无所知，你也会被京剧深深吸引。”一位旅行者这样描述他第一次看京剧的经历。）”可知“第一次看京剧后，这位旅行者很感兴趣。”可知“一些外国人对京剧感兴趣，只有老年人对京剧感兴趣是错误的”，故选C。
5.B【解析】主旨题。本文主要内容：京剧是中国传统戏剧艺术形式之一，也是中国最大的戏曲形式。它有着近200年的历史，是在许多其他戏剧形式的基础上发展起来的。京剧，是一种娱乐。它包括说部分，唱歌和跳舞。梅兰芳是第一个把京剧介绍给外国人。可知“写这篇文章的主要目的是告诉我们一些京剧的事情。”故选B。
（十五）
In
the
future,
people
may
travel
to
Mars
(火星)
by
water-powered
spaceship!
Today's
spaceships
are
fine
for
getting
things
into
space,
but
they
are
not
so
good
at
travelling
long
distances.
These
spaceships
burn
chemical
fuels
(燃料)
and
they
are
very
expensive.
Scientists
say
that
a
water-powered
spaceship
could
make
the
trip
to
Mars
much
cheaper.
The
idea
is
just
in
the
planning
stages
now,
but
scientists
think
such
a
spaceship
could
be
developed
soon.
The
key
to
the
water-powered
spaceship
is
the
engine
(发动机).
Regular
engines
push
spaceships
by
burning
fuel.
The
water
engine
will
use
steam,
created
by
solar
panels
(太阳能板)
that
heat
water
to
a
high
temperature.
Of
course,
the
spaceship
will
have
to
carry
a
lot
of
water
for
the
long
trip
to
Mars.
Today's
spaceships
could
not
carry
that
much
water.
But
scientists
think
that
a
spaceship
blown
up
like
a
balloon
will
be
able
to.
One
US
company
has
already
developed
a
spaceship
like
this.
These
spaceships
are
made
of
a
strong
material.
Two
of
them
have
already
been
sent
up
into
space,
using
rockets
and
then
later
filled
with
air.
"Balloon"
spaceships
could
be
very
large
and
carry
enough
water
for
a
long
trip.
With
the
"Balloon"
spaceships,
enough
water
could
be
carried
to
power
the
engines
and
grow
food
during
the
trip.
And
the
people
on
the
spaceship
might
even
get
to
take
a
hot
bath!
Scientists
say
the
biggest
advantage
of
such
a
spaceship
would
be
cost.
The
"Balloon"
spaceship
uses
water
to
push
it
through
space
and
costs
about
one
thirtieth
of
a
normal
spaceship.
Such
savings
naturally
encourage
continued
research
into
balloon
spaceships
and
water
engines.
If
these
scientists
are
correct,
we
may
soon
be
on
our
way
to
Mars
in
a
spaceship
powered
by
water.
1.
Which
sentence
best
describes
the
main
idea
of
the
passage
above?
A.
The
key
to
the
water-powered
spaceship
is
the
engine.
B.
In
the
future,
people
may
travel
to
Mars
by
water-powered
spaceship.
C.
One
US
company
has
already
developed
a
spaceship
like
this.
D.
Scientists
say
the
biggest
advantage
of
such
a
spaceship
would
be
cost.
2.
What
do
you
think
is
omitted
(省略)
at
the
end
of
the
underlined
sentence?
A.
use
steam
B.
push
spaceships
C.
heat
water
D.
carry
that
much
water
3.
Besides
growing
food,
what
else
might
astronauts
do
with
the
rest
of
the
water?
A.
Take
a
hot
bath.
B.
Freeze
dangerous
things.
C.
Blow
up
a
balloon.
D.
Change
the
surface
of
Mars.
4.
On
which
website
can
we
probably
read
this
passage?
A.
www.
freedictionary.
com/power
B.
www.
mooc.
cn/music
C.
www.
chinadaily.
/culture
D.
www.
/spaceflight
【文章大意】本文介绍了水力飞船的原理和优势。
1.B【解析】主旨大意题。根据In
the
future,
people
may
travel
to
Mars
(火星)
by
water-powered
spaceship，可知，本文主要介绍了在未来，人们可能会乘坐水力飞船去火星旅行，并介绍了这种飞船的原理和优势。故选B。
2.D【解析】词义猜测题。根据上一句“Today's
spaceships
could
not
carry
that
much
water.”可知现在的飞船是不能携带太多的水，而新的飞船是可以的，故划线处后面省略的是“carry
that
much
water”。故选D。
3.A【解析】细节理解题。根据And
the
people
on
the
spaceship
might
even
get
to
take
a
hot
bath，可知，宇航员甚至可以用剩下的水来洗个热水澡。故选A。
4.D【解析】推理判断题。根据In
the
future,
people
may
travel
to
Mars
(火星)
by
water-powered
spaceship，可知，本文主要讲述的是在未来，人们可能会乘坐水力飞船去火星旅行，并且下文介绍了水力飞船的原理和优势，这些是有关“宇宙飞行”的内容，所以我们可以从“宇宙飞行”的网站看到这篇文章。故选D。
（十六）
Living
on
an
island
might
sound
wonderful.
But
what
it
you
left
for
a
trip
and
found
you
could
never
return?
What
if
your
home,
and
even
the
land
it
stood
on,
was
gone
forever?
For
people
living
in
the
Pacific
Islands,
this
is
really
possible.
Why?
Climate（气候)change.
Climate
change
is
causing
the
sea
to
rise.
That’s
bad
news
for
the
Pacific
Islands.
Young
people
on
the
islands
are
even
starting
to
wonder:
Will
they
be
the
last
generation(一代人)?
Not
if
the
islanders
have
anything
to
do
about
it.
These
people
are
deeply
connected
to
their
homelands.
The
Pacific
Islands
are
made
up
of
1l
different
countries:
the
Marshall
Islands,
Fuji,
Samoa,
and
others.
But
now,
those
countries
are
working
together.
They're
joining
forces
to
fight
climate
change.
Why
is
climate
change
such
a
huge
threat
to
this
part
of
the
world?
Islands
are
low
elevations(海拔).
So
they
are
among
the
first
places
influenced
by
rising
sea
levels.
That's
why
countries
of
the
Pacific
Islands
are
working
together
to
do
their
part.
But
these
are
small
countries.
When
it
comes
to
climate
change
can
they
make
a
big
difference?
They
can,
because
most
of
the
things
that
people
on
islands
buy
are
brought
by
ships.
This
is
very
harmful
to
the
environment.
After
all,
ships
put
out
almost
3
percent
of
the
world's
carbon
emissions
(碳排放),
That
makes
climate
change
worse.
Pacific
Islanders
realize
the
problem.
So,
in
2019,
six
countries
got
together:
Fuji,
the
Marshall
islands,
Samoa,
Vanuatu,
the
Solomon
Islands
and
Tuvalu,
They
came
up
with
a
plan.
They
agreed
to
cut
carbon
emissions
from
shipping
by
40
percent
by
2030.
And
by
2050,
they
expect
zero-carbon
shipping.
How
will
they
pull
this
off?
They
plan
to
use
some
really
to
use
some
really
cool
carbon-free
technologies.
They'll
make
use
of
solar
and
wind
energy.
Sea
levels
are
rising,
but
hopes
aren't
sinking
in
the
Pacific
Islands.
1.
What
is
the
bad
news
for
the
Pacific
Islands
according
to
the
passage?
A.
Some
Pacific
Island
countries
have
disappeared.
B.
The
sea
level
is
going
up
because
of
climate
change.
C.
All
the
shipping
to
the
Pacific
Islands
has
been
stopped.
D.
The
Pacific
Islanders
have
nothing
to
do
about
the
climate
change.
2.
The
underlined
word
"threat"
in
Paragraph
4
probably
means"_________".
A.
risk
B.
step
C.
project
D.
development
3.
It
can
be
inferred
from
the
passage
that
_________.
A.
there
will
never
be
zero
carbon
emissions
from
shipping
B.
solar
and
wind
energy
will
make
climate
change
worse
C.
all
the
Pacific
Islanders
may
leave
their
homelands
by
2050
D.
some
Pacific
Island
countries
may
have
hopes
to
make
a
difference
4.
The
passage
mainly
talks
about
________.
A.
why
other
countries
are
helping
the
Pacific
Islanders
fight
climate
change
B.
how
some
countries
are
working
hard
to
develop
carbon-free
technologies
C.
how
Pacific
Island
countries
are
working
together
to
fight
shipping
pollution
D.
why
Pacific
Island
countries
put
out
so
much
of
the
world's
carbon
emissions
【文章大意】本文主要介绍了气候变化正在导致海洋上升，这对住在太平洋岛屿的人来说是个坏消息。太平洋岛屿上的11个国家正在联手来共同应对气候变化。他们计划到2030年将航运碳排放量减少百分之40，到2050年，他们预计零碳排放量航运。
1.B【解析】细节理解题。根据文中第二段“Climate
change
is
causing
the
sea
to
rise.
That’s
bad
news
for
the
Pacific
Islands.
”可知，气候变化正在导致海洋上升，这对太平洋岛屿来说是个坏消息。故选B。
2.A【解析】词义猜测题。risk危险，风险；step步骤；project计划，项目；development发展。根据上段“These
people
are
deeply
connected
to
their
homelands.”可知，气候变化导致海洋上升，对生活在太平洋岛屿上的人有极大的威胁；结合后面“That's
why
countries
of
the
Pacific
Islands
are
working
together
to
do
their
part.”可知，太平洋岛屿国家正在共同努力发挥自己的作用，来应对这种影响，所以可以猜测，划线部分单词意思应该是“危险，风险”。故选A。
3.D【解析】推理判断题。根据第六段“And
by
2050,
they
expect
zero-carbon
shipping.”可知，到2050年，预计会用零碳航运，故选项A错误；根据第七段“They'll
make
use
of
solar
and
wind
energy.”可知他们会用太阳能和风能来减少污染，故选项B错误；根据第六段“And
by
2050,
they
expect
zero-carbon
shipping.”及最后一段“Sea
levels
are
rising,
but
hopes
aren't
sinking
in
the
Pacific
Islands.”可知，到2050年，预计会用零碳航运，太平洋岛屿的希望并没有破灭，故选项C错误；根据第三段“The
Pacific
Islands
are
made
up
of
1l
different
countries:
…
those
countries
are
working
together.
They're
joining
forces
to
fight
climate
change.”结合全文可知，他们正在联手应对气候变化，并会气候产生积极影响，故选项D正确。故选D。
4.C【解析】主旨大意题。根据本文大意，主要介绍了气候变化正在导致海洋上升，太平洋岛屿上的11个国家正在联手来共同应对气候变化。他们计划到2030年将航运碳排放量减少百分之40，到2050年，他们预计零碳排放量航运。所以“太平洋岛屿国家如何共同努力消除航运污染”符合本主主旨。故选C。
（十七）
When
Goldie
Nejat
began
developing
robots
in
2005,
she
spent
much
of
her
time
knocking
on
doors
to
let
people
know
how
her
robots
worked
but
few
showed
interest,
"But
now,
it's
different,"
Says
Nejat,
"People
calling
from
around
the
world
ask
when
my
robots
are
going
to
be
ready."
Neja?'s
robots
are
designed
to
fill
an
increasing
need:
care-giving
for
the
old.
The
population
of
the
people
over
age
80
will
be
426
million
in
2050,
three
times
larger
than
that
now.
Such
robots
could
be
especially
useful
for
patients
with
Alzheimer's
disease
(老年痴呆症
).
They
can
help
with
everyday
activities
from
preparing
food
to
reminding(提醒)
the
patients
of
taking
their
medicine.
They
can
also
play
games
with
patients
to
keep
them
active.
Some
have
worried
that
care-giving
robots
might
reduce
(减少
)
human
interaction
(互动)
and
cause
more
humans
to
lose
their
jobs.
"But
the
aim
is
to
support
human
care,
not
to
take
the
place
of
it"
says
Brian
Scassellati.
He
has
tested
robots
with
different
patients,
and
found
that
daily
interaction
with
robots
can
help
children
with
autism
spectrum
disorder(自闭障碍症)
improve
social
skills.
As
a
field
grows,
scientists
aim
to
understand
human-robot
relationships
better.
Do
robots
offer
advantages
because
they
don't
have
feelings
and
don't
give
opinions?
Will
patients
lose
interest?
"One
thing
is
clear,"
Scassellati
says,
"Robots
can
provide
care
for
the
customers
and
the
need
for
that
will
increase
in
the
future.
"
1.
Nejat's
robots
are
designed
to________.
A.
work
in
the
factory
B.
make
phone
calls
C.
take
care
of
the
old
D.
knock
on
doors
2.
The
writer
starts
the
passage
by________.
A.
telling
two
stories
B.
comparing
two
facts
C.
raising
a
question
D.
giving
an
example
3.
The
main
idea
of
Paragraph
3
is________.
A.
what
the
robots
can
do
B.
what
serious
problems
the
robots
cause
C.
what
the
old
people
can
do
D.
what
the
old
people
think
of
the
robots
4.
According
to
Scassellati,
we
can
infer
that
Nejat's
robots
________.
A.
will
have
feelings
soon
B.
can
take
the
place
of
humans
C.
should
be
produced
more
D.
won't
give
their
own
opinions
【文章大意】本文主要讲了Nejat的机器人从无人问津到需求量变大，说明这种照顾老年人的机器人越来越受欢迎。
1.C【解析】细节理解题。根据上文Neja?'s
robots
are
designed
to
fill
an
increasing
need:
care-giving
for
the
old.
Nejat的机器人是为了满足日益增长的需求而设计：照顾老人，故选C。
2.B【解析】推理判断题。根据上文When
Goldie
Nejat
began
developing
robots
in
2005,
…People
calling
from
around
the
world
ask
when
my
robots
are
going
to
be
ready."
2005年，当戈迪·尼贾特开始开发机器人时，她花了很多时间上门，让人们知道她的机器人是如何工作的，但很少有人表现出兴趣，“但现在，情况不同了，”来自世界各地的人们问我的机器人什么时候准备好，可知文章开头用两个事实作比较，体现了他设计的机器人越来越满足人们的需求，故选B。
3.A【解析】主旨大意题。根据第三段的主题句But
the
aim
is
to
support
human
care,
not
to
take
the
place
of
it
但其目的是辅助照顾人类，而不是取代它，并举例He
has
tested
robots
with
different
patients…improve
social
skills.
他用不同患者对机器人进行了测试，发现与机器人的日常互动可以帮助自闭障碍症儿童提高社交技能。可知本段主要讲机器人的主要工作，故选A。
4.C【解析】推理判断题。根据"One
thing
is
clear,"
Scassellati
says,
"Robots
can
provide
care
for
the
customers
and
the
need
for
that
will
increase
in
the
future.
"
“有一件事是清楚的，”斯卡塞拉蒂说，“机器人可以为客户提供照顾，这一需求在未来会增加。”他说，由此可推断人们对尼贾特机器人的需求会增加，因此机器人的产量也会提高，故选C。
（十八）
In
June,
three
students
from
the
same
high
school
in
Wujiashan
High
School,
Hubei
Province
each
won
a
gold
medal
at
an
important
invention
trade
show
in
the
United
States.
One
of
them
is
Wang
Yujie.
Her
invention
can
control
the
oxygen
level
itself
in
pools
day
and
night.
Usually,
fish
keepers
increase
oxyge