2021届高考英语二轮复习语法突破学案：第6讲 从“状语”角度释解副词 Word版含答案
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| 名称 | 2021届高考英语二轮复习语法突破学案：第6讲 从“状语”角度释解副词 Word版含答案 |  | |
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第六讲 从“状语”角度释解副词
编者按：状语是用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子的一种成分。可以用作状语的有：副词、名词、数词、形容词、不定式、分词、介词短语、独立主格和状语从句等。状语的位置很灵活，可置于句首、句中或句末。按其用途，状语可表示时间、地点、原因、结果、目的、条件、让步、方式、伴随情况等。本讲主要讲副词。
[真题集训——明考点]
语法填空常考点
1.（2020·新课标I卷语法填空）Landing on the moon’s far side is 62 (extreme) challenging.
2.（2020·新课标II卷语法填空）Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and office. 66 (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must.
3.（2020·新课标II卷语法填空）The 69 (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations.
7.（2020·新课标III卷语法填空）One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their 62． (fine) work, so that he could choose the best.
8（2020·新课标III卷语法填空）As the small boat moved, 68． (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water.
11.（2020·山东卷语法填空）In the 18th and 19th centuries, 36． (wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art.
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been ________ (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000－25,000 polar bears worldwide.
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Her years of hard work have __________ (final) been acknowledged after a customer nominated (提名) her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.
3．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)They also shared with us many traditional stories about Hawaii that were ____________ (huge) popular with tourists.
4．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years ____________ (long) than non?runners.
5．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)He screams the __________ (loud) of all.
6．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)As a result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.Even __________ (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.
二、短文改错常考点
1.（2020·新课标II卷短文改错）I’m surely you’ll have a good time.
2.（2020·新课标II卷短文改错）Then I can spare some time to learn it again, such that we can practice together on every day.
3.（2020·新课标II卷短文改错）See you sooner.
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)I stopped the ball and kicked it hardly back to the playground.________________
2．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Immediate, I raised my hand.________________
3．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)A few minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car.________________
4．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Beside, they often get some useful information from the Internet.________________
答案：一、语法填空常考点
1.【答案】extremely
【解析】考查副词。句意：登录月球的背面是极其有挑战性的。空处修饰形容词challenging，应使用extreme的副词形式，故填extremely。
2.【答案】Certainly
【解析】考查副词。句意：当然在假期期间，这种植物是绝对必要的事物。介词短语做时间状语，因此只有改变成副词才能复合句子结构，用副词形式做状语。故填Certainly。
3.【答案】beautiful
【解析】考查形容词。句意：美丽的长枝上覆盖着粉红色的花蕾，做成漂亮的装饰。修饰名词branches，用形容词形式。故填beautiful。
7.【答案】finest
【解析】考查最高级。句意：一天，皇帝想让人给他画一幅肖像，于是他把所有伟大的画家都请来，展示他们最好的作品，以便他挑选最好的。结合句意，皇帝想要画家最好的作品，表示“最好的”此处应用形容词最高级finest。故填finest。
8．【答案】gently
【解析】考查副词。句意：当小船缓缓地沿着江面移动时，山在水中的倒影使他说不出话来。此处修饰动词moved应用副词gently作状语，表示“缓缓地”。故填gently。
11.【答案】wealthy
【解析】考查形容词。句意:在18和19世纪，富人旅行并收集植物、历史物品和艺术品。此处修饰名词people，应使用形容词，做定语。故填wealthy。
1．解析：poorly 设空处修饰谓语动词has been studied作状语，应用副词形式，故填poorly。
2．解析：finally 根据空格出现的位置是助动词have之后实义动词acknowledged之前，可知使用副词。
3．解析：hugely 考查副词。设空处修饰空格后的形容词popular，此处填副词形式，hugely表示“极度；非常”。
4．解析：longer 根据空后的than和语境可知，此处应该使用副词比较级形式，故填longer。
5．解析：loudest 根据空前的the以及空后的of all可知此处应用副词最高级。
6．解析：worse 根据语境可知，此处表示程度的加深，所以用副词比较级形式，even worse表示“更糟糕的是”。
二、短文改错常考点
1.【答案】extremely4.【答案】将surely改为sure
【解析】考查形容词。句意：我相信你会玩得很开心的。分析句子，此处be动词am后面需用形容词作表语。故将surely改为sure。
2.【答案】将such改为so
【解析】考查副词。句意：然后我就可以抽出时间重新学习它，这样我们就可以每天一起练习。分析句子，此处应表示“以便；所以”。故将such改为so。
3.【答案】将sooner改为soon
【解析】考查固定短语。句意：希望尽快见到你。See you soon 译为“希望尽快见到你”，是固定短语。此处不需用比较级。故将sooner改为soon。
【解析】考查副词。句意：登录月球的背面是极其有挑战性的。空处修饰形容词challenging，应使用extreme的副词形式，故填extremely。
2.【答案】Certainly
【解析】考查副词。句意：当然在假期期间，这种植物是绝对必要的事物。介词短语做时间状语，因此只有改变成副词才能复合句子结构，用副词形式做状语。故填Certainly。
3.【答案】beautiful
【解析】考查形容词。句意：美丽的长枝上覆盖着粉红色的花蕾，做成漂亮的装饰。修饰名词branches，用形容词形式。故填beautiful。
4.【答案】将surely改为sure
【解析】考查形容词。句意：我相信你会玩得很开心的。分析句子，此处be动词am后面需用形容词作表语。故将surely改为sure。
5.【答案】将such改为so
【解析】考查副词。句意：然后我就可以抽出时间重新学习它，这样我们就可以每天一起练习。分析句子，此处应表示“以便；所以”。故将such改为so。
6.【答案】将sooner改为soon
【解析】考查固定短语。句意：希望尽快见到你。See you soon 译为“希望尽快见到你”，是固定短语。此处不需用比较级。故将sooner改为soon。
7.【答案】finest
【解析】考查最高级。句意：一天，皇帝想让人给他画一幅肖像，于是他把所有伟大的画家都请来，展示他们最好的作品，以便他挑选最好的。结合句意，皇帝想要画家最好的作品，表示“最好的”此处应用形容词最高级finest。故填finest。
8．【答案】gently
【解析】考查副词。句意：当小船缓缓地沿着江面移动时，山在水中的倒影使他说不出话来。此处修饰动词moved应用副词gently作状语，表示“缓缓地”。故填gently。
9. 【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:新冠肺炎疫情的爆发，给我们的生活和工作带来了一个突然的变化。A. absurd荒谬的；B. abrupt突然的；C. allergic过敏的；D. authentic真实的。根据常识可知，新冠肺炎疫情给我们的生活和工作带来了一个突然的变化。故选B。
10.【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:根据约翰逊教授的说法，如果我们不想读这本书，就不必读，因为它是可选择的。A. worthwhile值得的；B. necessary必要的；C. optional 可选择的，选修的；D. serious严肃的，认真的。根据“we don’t have to read the book if we don’t want to”可知，这本书读不读都可以，由此可知，它是“可选择的”。故选C。
11.【答案】wealthy
【解析】考查形容词。句意:在18和19世纪，富人旅行并收集植物、历史物品和艺术品。此处修饰名词people，应使用形容词，做定语。故填wealthy。
1．解析：hardly→hard hardly表示“几乎不”，hard作副词时表示“努力地，用力地”。结合语境可知，此处表示“我用力地把球踢回球场”，应用副词hard修饰动词kicked，故把hardly改为hard。
2．解析：Immediate→Immediately 此处为副词作状语，故将Immediate改为Immediately。
3．解析：late→later “一段时间＋late”表示“迟到多长时间”；“一段时间＋later”表示“多长时间之后”。此处表示“几分钟后，教练让我把车停下来”。
4．解析：Beside→Besides 句意：此外，他们还经常从网上获取一些有用的信息。beside“在……旁边”，是介词；besides“此外”，是副词。
[语法精析——知规则]
(一)副词的构成
1．形容词＋ly构成副词的规则
情况 构成 例词 例外
一般情况 加?ly actual→actually
gradual→gradually
辅音字母＋ y字母 将y改为i
再加?ly easy→easily
happy→happily shy→shyly
dry→dryly
le结尾 去e加?y terrible→terribly
gentle→gently whole→wholly
元音字母＋ e结尾 去e加?ly true→truly
ll结尾 只加?y full→fully
dull→dully
ic结尾 加?ally basic→basically
2．意义有别的同根副词
不以?ly结尾的副词和含义 以?ly结尾的副词和含义
high 在高处；高地 highly 高度地；很；非常
wide广阔地；充分地 widely广泛地；普遍地
deep深深地；深入地 deeply深刻地；深沉地
free免费地 freely自由地；畅通地
close接近；靠近地 closely仔细地；密切地
hard努力地，费力地 hardly几乎不
late迟，晚 lately近来，最近
near在附近 nearly几乎，差不多
[名师指津] 下列单词以?ly结尾，但却是形容词而非副词：lively, lonely, lovely, deadly, friendly, ugly, silly, likely, brotherly, timely, daily, weekly, yearly等。
(二)副词的句法功能和位置
副词作状语说明动作性质或状态的特征，常用来修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词短语及整个句子等。副词还可以作表语、定语和补足语等。
1．enough修饰名词前置或后置均可；修饰形容词、动词或副词时，必须后置。
If I work hard enough, I can be whatever I want to be.
如果我足够努力地学习，我就能成为我想成为的。
2．几个副词并列作状语时，其顺序较灵活，但一般是：方式→地点→时间。
We had a good time together outdoors last Sunday.
我们上周星期天在户外一起玩得很愉快。
3．频度副词如often, always, usually等放在be动词后、行为动词前。
She is always in time for class.
她总是及时来上课。
4．副词作定语，须后置。
The person there is waiting for you.
那儿的那个人正在等你。
(三)副词比较等级(见上一讲“第五讲”中相关内容)
[应用落实——通方法]
一、单句语法填空
1．To them, life is a competition — they have to do better (good) than their peers to be happy.
2．This is the method I have learnt — the harder (hard) you work independently, the better solutions you will find.
3．E?hongbao is actually (actual) a kind of lucky money from and to relatives and friends during festivals or on special occasions.
4．Road safety has aroused wider (wide) attention of the public than before.
5．Please don't misunderstand me.But don't you think we should take things a bit easier (easy), darling?
6．At that time, most Chinese people made their living on farms, so weather changes were extremely (extreme) important for them.
答案：一、单句语法填空
1． better
2． harder
3． actually
4． wider .
5． easier
6． extremely
[解题技法]
语法填空解题“3策略”
1．利用提示词
看到提示词修饰动词、形容词、副词，或整个句子作状语时，要想到用副词。
2．利用标志词
若是两者之间相比，且空格后有than, 要想到用比较级。
3．利用修饰语(同上一讲“形容词”)
二、单句改错
1．Today scientists in this field are working hardly so as to make weather forecasting more exact.
2．As is known to us, students do fewer and fewer sports now, which makes them weak and easy tired.
3．Therefore, I was determined not to let him down any long.
4．Water is very important to us, without which there would be no life.Therefore, some people don't turn the tap off at once after using it.
5．I lived in my hometown ten years before.
6．And we will study even more harder and try out best to do all.
答案：二、单句改错
1．.hardly→hard
2．easy→easily
3．long→longer
4．Therefore→However
5．before→ago
6．去掉more或more→much
[解题技法]
短文改错解题“3关注”
1．关注比较范围
如果是两者之间的比较，则用比较级；如果是三者或三者以上的比较，则用最高级。
2．关注搭配句式
看含有比较等级的固定搭配和句式是否准确。
3．关注常见副词的用法
三、高考写作佳句
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)更重要的是，我认为这是一个促进中国文化和发展我的能力的好机会。
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)特别欢迎你到场，一定会我们的节日增添色彩和乐趣。
3．(2018·北京高考书面表达)我对茶的传统制作过程作了详细的说明以便于他们更好地理解它。
4．我的确希望你能尽快地克服这些困难。
5．它是在中国使用最普遍的语言，也是世界上最大的语种之一。
[语篇巧训——全融会]
一、用所给词的适当形式填空
I don't think there is much difficulty in learning English ① (good), because as long as you master the method and work hard, you can make progress ② (rapid)．I believe that the ③ (hard) you work at your study, the greater progress you will make.For example, Li Ping, a friend of mine, is the ④ hard?working student in our class, and he does ⑤ (good) than any other student in our class in every English test.
Led by him, all the students in our class are studying English ⑥ (hard) than before.As a result, in the latest English test，our class was the best of the classes in our school, and ⑦ (actual) the number of students who got excellent marks is larger than that of the others. ⑧ all of us should study hard no matter what we learn.
二、依据汉语提示补全短文
Bob：Hi，Mary.I know that you had lived in China for ① (接近二十年了) before you came here.I've planned to visit China next year.Could you tell me the best time to go there?
Mary：The most comfortable time to visit China is either between March and May or between September and early November. During these months，the weather is ② (特别舒服) throughout the country, neither too hot nor too cold.
Bob：OK.You know I'm interested in tasting all kinds of food all over the world.How about the Chinese food?
Mary：Well，Chinese food is delicious and ③ (定价合理)．What is even better is that restaurants do not ask for or accept tips.
Bob：But how do I ④ (正确地点菜)？I know nothing about Chinese.
Mary：Language can be a problem in China, ⑤ (尤其是对于首次参观者). ⑥ (因此), it is a good idea to learn some basic words and phrases before you get there.Moreover, you can carry an English?Chinese pocket dictionary.
答案：三、高考写作佳句
1．More_importantly,_I_consider_it_a_good_chance_to_promote_Chinese_culture_and_develop_my ability.
2．You_are_particularly_welcome_to_show_up_on_stage,_which_will_definitely_add_color_and_fun_to_our_
festival.
3．I_explained_the_traditional_procedure_of_making_tea_in_detail_in_order_that_they_could_better_understand_
it.
4．I_do_hope_you_can_overcome_these_difficulties_as_quickly_as_you_can.
5．It_is_the_most_commonly_used_language_in_China_and_among_the_largest_languages_in_the_world.
[语篇巧训——全融会]
一、用所给词的适当形式填空
①well ②rapidly ③harder ④most ⑤better ⑥harder ⑦actually ⑧Therefore,
二、依据汉语提示补全短文
①nearly_twenty_years
②particularly_pleasant/comfortable
③reasonably_priced
④order_the_food_correctly
⑤especially_for_first?time_visitors
⑥Therefore
编者按：状语是用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子的一种成分。可以用作状语的有：副词、名词、数词、形容词、不定式、分词、介词短语、独立主格和状语从句等。状语的位置很灵活，可置于句首、句中或句末。按其用途，状语可表示时间、地点、原因、结果、目的、条件、让步、方式、伴随情况等。本讲主要讲副词。
[真题集训——明考点]
语法填空常考点
1.（2020·新课标I卷语法填空）Landing on the moon’s far side is 62 (extreme) challenging.
2.（2020·新课标II卷语法填空）Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and office. 66 (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must.
3.（2020·新课标II卷语法填空）The 69 (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations.
7.（2020·新课标III卷语法填空）One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their 62． (fine) work, so that he could choose the best.
8（2020·新课标III卷语法填空）As the small boat moved, 68． (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water.
11.（2020·山东卷语法填空）In the 18th and 19th centuries, 36． (wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art.
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been ________ (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000－25,000 polar bears worldwide.
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Her years of hard work have __________ (final) been acknowledged after a customer nominated (提名) her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.
3．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)They also shared with us many traditional stories about Hawaii that were ____________ (huge) popular with tourists.
4．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years ____________ (long) than non?runners.
5．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)He screams the __________ (loud) of all.
6．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)As a result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.Even __________ (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.
二、短文改错常考点
1.（2020·新课标II卷短文改错）I’m surely you’ll have a good time.
2.（2020·新课标II卷短文改错）Then I can spare some time to learn it again, such that we can practice together on every day.
3.（2020·新课标II卷短文改错）See you sooner.
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)I stopped the ball and kicked it hardly back to the playground.________________
2．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Immediate, I raised my hand.________________
3．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)A few minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car.________________
4．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Beside, they often get some useful information from the Internet.________________
答案：一、语法填空常考点
1.【答案】extremely
【解析】考查副词。句意：登录月球的背面是极其有挑战性的。空处修饰形容词challenging，应使用extreme的副词形式，故填extremely。
2.【答案】Certainly
【解析】考查副词。句意：当然在假期期间，这种植物是绝对必要的事物。介词短语做时间状语，因此只有改变成副词才能复合句子结构，用副词形式做状语。故填Certainly。
3.【答案】beautiful
【解析】考查形容词。句意：美丽的长枝上覆盖着粉红色的花蕾，做成漂亮的装饰。修饰名词branches，用形容词形式。故填beautiful。
7.【答案】finest
【解析】考查最高级。句意：一天，皇帝想让人给他画一幅肖像，于是他把所有伟大的画家都请来，展示他们最好的作品，以便他挑选最好的。结合句意，皇帝想要画家最好的作品，表示“最好的”此处应用形容词最高级finest。故填finest。
8．【答案】gently
【解析】考查副词。句意：当小船缓缓地沿着江面移动时，山在水中的倒影使他说不出话来。此处修饰动词moved应用副词gently作状语，表示“缓缓地”。故填gently。
11.【答案】wealthy
【解析】考查形容词。句意:在18和19世纪，富人旅行并收集植物、历史物品和艺术品。此处修饰名词people，应使用形容词，做定语。故填wealthy。
1．解析：poorly 设空处修饰谓语动词has been studied作状语，应用副词形式，故填poorly。
2．解析：finally 根据空格出现的位置是助动词have之后实义动词acknowledged之前，可知使用副词。
3．解析：hugely 考查副词。设空处修饰空格后的形容词popular，此处填副词形式，hugely表示“极度；非常”。
4．解析：longer 根据空后的than和语境可知，此处应该使用副词比较级形式，故填longer。
5．解析：loudest 根据空前的the以及空后的of all可知此处应用副词最高级。
6．解析：worse 根据语境可知，此处表示程度的加深，所以用副词比较级形式，even worse表示“更糟糕的是”。
二、短文改错常考点
1.【答案】extremely4.【答案】将surely改为sure
【解析】考查形容词。句意：我相信你会玩得很开心的。分析句子，此处be动词am后面需用形容词作表语。故将surely改为sure。
2.【答案】将such改为so
【解析】考查副词。句意：然后我就可以抽出时间重新学习它，这样我们就可以每天一起练习。分析句子，此处应表示“以便；所以”。故将such改为so。
3.【答案】将sooner改为soon
【解析】考查固定短语。句意：希望尽快见到你。See you soon 译为“希望尽快见到你”，是固定短语。此处不需用比较级。故将sooner改为soon。
【解析】考查副词。句意：登录月球的背面是极其有挑战性的。空处修饰形容词challenging，应使用extreme的副词形式，故填extremely。
2.【答案】Certainly
【解析】考查副词。句意：当然在假期期间，这种植物是绝对必要的事物。介词短语做时间状语，因此只有改变成副词才能复合句子结构，用副词形式做状语。故填Certainly。
3.【答案】beautiful
【解析】考查形容词。句意：美丽的长枝上覆盖着粉红色的花蕾，做成漂亮的装饰。修饰名词branches，用形容词形式。故填beautiful。
4.【答案】将surely改为sure
【解析】考查形容词。句意：我相信你会玩得很开心的。分析句子，此处be动词am后面需用形容词作表语。故将surely改为sure。
5.【答案】将such改为so
【解析】考查副词。句意：然后我就可以抽出时间重新学习它，这样我们就可以每天一起练习。分析句子，此处应表示“以便；所以”。故将such改为so。
6.【答案】将sooner改为soon
【解析】考查固定短语。句意：希望尽快见到你。See you soon 译为“希望尽快见到你”，是固定短语。此处不需用比较级。故将sooner改为soon。
7.【答案】finest
【解析】考查最高级。句意：一天，皇帝想让人给他画一幅肖像，于是他把所有伟大的画家都请来，展示他们最好的作品，以便他挑选最好的。结合句意，皇帝想要画家最好的作品，表示“最好的”此处应用形容词最高级finest。故填finest。
8．【答案】gently
【解析】考查副词。句意：当小船缓缓地沿着江面移动时，山在水中的倒影使他说不出话来。此处修饰动词moved应用副词gently作状语，表示“缓缓地”。故填gently。
9. 【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:新冠肺炎疫情的爆发，给我们的生活和工作带来了一个突然的变化。A. absurd荒谬的；B. abrupt突然的；C. allergic过敏的；D. authentic真实的。根据常识可知，新冠肺炎疫情给我们的生活和工作带来了一个突然的变化。故选B。
10.【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:根据约翰逊教授的说法，如果我们不想读这本书，就不必读，因为它是可选择的。A. worthwhile值得的；B. necessary必要的；C. optional 可选择的，选修的；D. serious严肃的，认真的。根据“we don’t have to read the book if we don’t want to”可知，这本书读不读都可以，由此可知，它是“可选择的”。故选C。
11.【答案】wealthy
【解析】考查形容词。句意:在18和19世纪，富人旅行并收集植物、历史物品和艺术品。此处修饰名词people，应使用形容词，做定语。故填wealthy。
1．解析：hardly→hard hardly表示“几乎不”，hard作副词时表示“努力地，用力地”。结合语境可知，此处表示“我用力地把球踢回球场”，应用副词hard修饰动词kicked，故把hardly改为hard。
2．解析：Immediate→Immediately 此处为副词作状语，故将Immediate改为Immediately。
3．解析：late→later “一段时间＋late”表示“迟到多长时间”；“一段时间＋later”表示“多长时间之后”。此处表示“几分钟后，教练让我把车停下来”。
4．解析：Beside→Besides 句意：此外，他们还经常从网上获取一些有用的信息。beside“在……旁边”，是介词；besides“此外”，是副词。
[语法精析——知规则]
(一)副词的构成
1．形容词＋ly构成副词的规则
情况 构成 例词 例外
一般情况 加?ly actual→actually
gradual→gradually
辅音字母＋ y字母 将y改为i
再加?ly easy→easily
happy→happily shy→shyly
dry→dryly
le结尾 去e加?y terrible→terribly
gentle→gently whole→wholly
元音字母＋ e结尾 去e加?ly true→truly
ll结尾 只加?y full→fully
dull→dully
ic结尾 加?ally basic→basically
2．意义有别的同根副词
不以?ly结尾的副词和含义 以?ly结尾的副词和含义
high 在高处；高地 highly 高度地；很；非常
wide广阔地；充分地 widely广泛地；普遍地
deep深深地；深入地 deeply深刻地；深沉地
free免费地 freely自由地；畅通地
close接近；靠近地 closely仔细地；密切地
hard努力地，费力地 hardly几乎不
late迟，晚 lately近来，最近
near在附近 nearly几乎，差不多
[名师指津] 下列单词以?ly结尾，但却是形容词而非副词：lively, lonely, lovely, deadly, friendly, ugly, silly, likely, brotherly, timely, daily, weekly, yearly等。
(二)副词的句法功能和位置
副词作状语说明动作性质或状态的特征，常用来修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词短语及整个句子等。副词还可以作表语、定语和补足语等。
1．enough修饰名词前置或后置均可；修饰形容词、动词或副词时，必须后置。
If I work hard enough, I can be whatever I want to be.
如果我足够努力地学习，我就能成为我想成为的。
2．几个副词并列作状语时，其顺序较灵活，但一般是：方式→地点→时间。
We had a good time together outdoors last Sunday.
我们上周星期天在户外一起玩得很愉快。
3．频度副词如often, always, usually等放在be动词后、行为动词前。
She is always in time for class.
她总是及时来上课。
4．副词作定语，须后置。
The person there is waiting for you.
那儿的那个人正在等你。
(三)副词比较等级(见上一讲“第五讲”中相关内容)
[应用落实——通方法]
一、单句语法填空
1．To them, life is a competition — they have to do better (good) than their peers to be happy.
2．This is the method I have learnt — the harder (hard) you work independently, the better solutions you will find.
3．E?hongbao is actually (actual) a kind of lucky money from and to relatives and friends during festivals or on special occasions.
4．Road safety has aroused wider (wide) attention of the public than before.
5．Please don't misunderstand me.But don't you think we should take things a bit easier (easy), darling?
6．At that time, most Chinese people made their living on farms, so weather changes were extremely (extreme) important for them.
答案：一、单句语法填空
1． better
2． harder
3． actually
4． wider .
5． easier
6． extremely
[解题技法]
语法填空解题“3策略”
1．利用提示词
看到提示词修饰动词、形容词、副词，或整个句子作状语时，要想到用副词。
2．利用标志词
若是两者之间相比，且空格后有than, 要想到用比较级。
3．利用修饰语(同上一讲“形容词”)
二、单句改错
1．Today scientists in this field are working hardly so as to make weather forecasting more exact.
2．As is known to us, students do fewer and fewer sports now, which makes them weak and easy tired.
3．Therefore, I was determined not to let him down any long.
4．Water is very important to us, without which there would be no life.Therefore, some people don't turn the tap off at once after using it.
5．I lived in my hometown ten years before.
6．And we will study even more harder and try out best to do all.
答案：二、单句改错
1．.hardly→hard
2．easy→easily
3．long→longer
4．Therefore→However
5．before→ago
6．去掉more或more→much
[解题技法]
短文改错解题“3关注”
1．关注比较范围
如果是两者之间的比较，则用比较级；如果是三者或三者以上的比较，则用最高级。
2．关注搭配句式
看含有比较等级的固定搭配和句式是否准确。
3．关注常见副词的用法
三、高考写作佳句
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)更重要的是，我认为这是一个促进中国文化和发展我的能力的好机会。
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)特别欢迎你到场，一定会我们的节日增添色彩和乐趣。
3．(2018·北京高考书面表达)我对茶的传统制作过程作了详细的说明以便于他们更好地理解它。
4．我的确希望你能尽快地克服这些困难。
5．它是在中国使用最普遍的语言，也是世界上最大的语种之一。
[语篇巧训——全融会]
一、用所给词的适当形式填空
I don't think there is much difficulty in learning English ① (good), because as long as you master the method and work hard, you can make progress ② (rapid)．I believe that the ③ (hard) you work at your study, the greater progress you will make.For example, Li Ping, a friend of mine, is the ④ hard?working student in our class, and he does ⑤ (good) than any other student in our class in every English test.
Led by him, all the students in our class are studying English ⑥ (hard) than before.As a result, in the latest English test，our class was the best of the classes in our school, and ⑦ (actual) the number of students who got excellent marks is larger than that of the others. ⑧ all of us should study hard no matter what we learn.
二、依据汉语提示补全短文
Bob：Hi，Mary.I know that you had lived in China for ① (接近二十年了) before you came here.I've planned to visit China next year.Could you tell me the best time to go there?
Mary：The most comfortable time to visit China is either between March and May or between September and early November. During these months，the weather is ② (特别舒服) throughout the country, neither too hot nor too cold.
Bob：OK.You know I'm interested in tasting all kinds of food all over the world.How about the Chinese food?
Mary：Well，Chinese food is delicious and ③ (定价合理)．What is even better is that restaurants do not ask for or accept tips.
Bob：But how do I ④ (正确地点菜)？I know nothing about Chinese.
Mary：Language can be a problem in China, ⑤ (尤其是对于首次参观者). ⑥ (因此), it is a good idea to learn some basic words and phrases before you get there.Moreover, you can carry an English?Chinese pocket dictionary.
答案：三、高考写作佳句
1．More_importantly,_I_consider_it_a_good_chance_to_promote_Chinese_culture_and_develop_my ability.
2．You_are_particularly_welcome_to_show_up_on_stage,_which_will_definitely_add_color_and_fun_to_our_
festival.
3．I_explained_the_traditional_procedure_of_making_tea_in_detail_in_order_that_they_could_better_understand_
it.
4．I_do_hope_you_can_overcome_these_difficulties_as_quickly_as_you_can.
5．It_is_the_most_commonly_used_language_in_China_and_among_the_largest_languages_in_the_world.
[语篇巧训——全融会]
一、用所给词的适当形式填空
①well ②rapidly ③harder ④most ⑤better ⑥harder ⑦actually ⑧Therefore,
二、依据汉语提示补全短文
①nearly_twenty_years
②particularly_pleasant/comfortable
③reasonably_priced
④order_the_food_correctly
⑤especially_for_first?time_visitors
⑥Therefore