代词和不定代词
1.
It's
an
either-or
situation-you
can
take
on-line
classes
at
home
or
have
classes
in
the
school,
but
you
can't
do_________.
A.
others?????????????
B.
both?????????????
C.
another?????????????
D.
either
2.
Education
reform
has
swept
across
schools,
bringing
with
______
new
opportunities
for
students
to
develop
in
an
all-round
way.
A.
one?????????????
B.
it?????????????
C.
them?????????????
D.
those
3.
All
the
information
available
has
been
checked,
but
________
is
directly
relevant
to
this
murder
case.
A.
nothing?????????????
B.
it?????????????
C.
no
one?????????????
D.
none
4.
—
Learn
from
past
mistakes
or
history
is
bound
to?repeat?________.
—
Thank
you
for
your
reminding.
A.
it?????????????
B.
that?????????????
C.
something?????????????
D.
itself
5.
The
application
of
AI
technologies
in
health
care
industry
is
in
an
initial
stage
compared
with_______
in
automatic
driving.
A.
it?????????????
B.
that?????????????
C.
those?????????????
D.
ones
6.
In
public
places,
improved
child-care
facilities
will
benefit
________
genders,
not
just
women.
A.
both?????????????
B.
all?????????????
C.
either?????????????
D.
other
7.
See
things
in
a
negative
light
and
you
will
find
faults
everywhere
and
problems
where
there
are
really
_______.
A.
none?????????????
B.
no
one?????????????
C.
something?????????????
D.
nothing
8.
My
brother
would
like
to
buy
a
good
watch
but
_______
was
available
from
that
shop.
A.
nothing?????????????
B.
none
C.
no
one?????????????
D.
neither
9.
To
win
the
trust
of
the
employees,
your
factory
should
see
to________that
accounts
and
operations
are
as
transparent
as
possible.
A.
it?????????????
B.
them?????????????
C.
you?????????????
D.
one
10.
If
it’s
possible
to
be
famous
and
yet
not
really
well
known,
______
describes
the
father
who
raised
me.
A.
what?????????????
B.
which?????????????
C.
that?????????????
D.
where
11.
The
Amazon
rainforest
is
considered
the
lungs
of
Earth,
much
of
______
located
in
Brazil
A.
which?????????????
B.
what?????????????
C.
it?????????????
D.
that
12.
The
overall
consumption
scale
is
expected
to
reach
201
billion
yuan
this
year,
meaning
an
increase
of
18.5
percent
over
________
of
2018.
A.
that?????????????
B.
it?????????????
C.
the
one?????????????
D.
those
13.
Never
shall
I
forget
that
poem
and
the
inspiration
???????
provided
for
my
first
novel.
A.
which?????????????
B.
that
C.
it?????????????
D.
what
14.
If
you
see
things
in
a
negative
light,
you
will
find
faults
everywhere
and
problems
where
there
are
really
________．
A.
none?????????????
B.
some
C.
many?????????????
D.
nothing
15.
The
natural
environment
should
be
protected
because
of
the
important
role
_______
plays
in
human
survival
and
development.
A.
which?????????????
B.
the
one
C.
it?????????????
D.
that
16.
—-What
do
you
think
of
Steven
Hawking?
—-Despite
his
disabled
body,
he
was
a
man
of
scientific
nature,
_____worthy
of
admiration.
17.
The
building
of
an
ecological
civilization
has
entered
a
critical
period,
_________that
requires
more
quality
products
to
meet
people’s
demand.
A.
it?????????????
B.
that?????????????
C.
one?????????????
D.
the
one
18.
The
police
searched
his
bedroom
and
found
his
phone—___________we’d
been
messaging.
A.
something?????????????
B.
one?????????????
C.
the
one?????????????
D.
someone
19.
The
information
tells
me
that
the
way
of
education
in
Canada
is
quite
different
from
_____
in
China.
A.
one?????????????
B.
it?????????????
C.
that?????????????
D.
those
20.
After
work
I
went
to
the
box
office
to
buy
the
tickets
for
My
People,
My
Country,
only
to
be
told
there
was
___left.
A.
nothing?????????????
B.
none?????????????
C.
no
one?????????????
D.
neither代词和不定代词
1.
It's
an
either-or
situation-you
can
take
on-line
classes
at
home
or
have
classes
in
the
school,
but
you
can't
do_________.
A.
others?????????????
B.
both?????????????
C.
another?????????????
D.
either
【答案解析】
B
【详解】考查不定代词。句意：这是一种非此即彼的情况——你可以在家上网络课，也可以在学校上课，但你不能两者兼得。A.?
others其他人；B.?
both两个都；C.
another
另一个；D.?
either两者之一。not…both“不是两者兼有”，是部分否定，根据take
on-line
classes
at
home
or
have
classes
in
the
school可知，你不能两者兼得，故选B项。
2.
Education
reform
has
swept
across
schools,
bringing
with
______
new
opportunities
for
students
to
develop
in
an
all-round
way.
A.
one?????????????
B.
it?????????????
C.
them?????????????
D.
those
【答案解析】
B
【详解】考查代词辨析。句意：教育改革已经席卷了学校，随之而来的是学生全面发展的新机会。one代指与前文所提事物同类的事物，不合题意，排除选项A；them和those代指的是名词复数，但教育改革是单数，排除选项C和D；it代指前文中提到的同一个事物且为单数，故选B。
3.
All
the
information
available
has
been
checked,
but
________
is
directly
relevant
to
this
murder
case.
A.
nothing?????????????
B.
it?????????????
C.
no
one?????????????
D.
none
【答案解析】
D
【详解】考查代词辨析。句意：所有可用的信息都已经检查过，但没有一个与该谋杀案有直接的关系。A.
nothing没有什么；B.it它；?C.
no
one没有人；D.
none没有一个（人或事物）。no
one
只用于指人。all表示“全部的”，but表示转折，all
的否定应使用none，即可以理解为“none
of
the
information
is
directly
relevant
to
this
murder
case”，而nothing不与of连用。故选D?。
4.
—
Learn
from
past
mistakes
or
history
is
bound
to?repeat?________.
—
Thank
you
for
your
reminding.
A.
it?????????????
B.
that?????????????
C.
something?????????????
D.
itself
【答案解析】
D
【详解】考查反身代词。句意：从过去的错误中学习，否则历史必然会重演。根据句意可知，在这句话中主语是history，宾语也是history，所以用反身代词itself指代“历史本身”。故此题选D。
5.
The
application
of
AI
technologies
in
health
care
industry
is
in
an
initial
stage
compared
with_______
in
automatic
driving.
A.
it?????????????
B.
that?????????????
C.
those?????????????
D.
ones
【答案解析】
B
【详解】考查代词。句意：人工智能技术在医疗产业中的应用相较于在自动驾驶领域的应用，还处在初始阶段。分析句子可知，空白处所指的仍是前句中的The
application
of
AI
technologies，是不可数名词，这时要用that来指代已提过的名词以避免重复。故选B项。
6.
In
public
places,
improved
child-care
facilities
will
benefit
________
genders,
not
just
women.
A.
both?????????????
B.
all?????????????
C.
either?????????????
D.
other
【答案解析】
A
试题分析：句意：在公共场所，改善托儿设施将受益于两性，而不仅仅是妇女。A.
both两个；B.
all所有，指三者以上；C.
either
二选一；D.
other其他的
，gender是性别，结合句意可知是男女，故选A。
7.
See
things
in
a
negative
light
and
you
will
find
faults
everywhere
and
problems
where
there
are
really
_______.
A.
none?????????????
B.
no
one?????????????
C.
something?????????????
D.
nothing
【答案解析】
A
【详解】考查不定代词的用法。句意：你用消极的眼光看待事物，你会发现到处都是错误，而实际上根本没有什么问题。A.
none无，没有；B.
no
one没有人；C.
something某事；D.
nothing什么都没有。none暗示一种数量，即在数量上“一个也没有”。故选A。
8.
My
brother
would
like
to
buy
a
good
watch
but
_______
was
available
from
that
shop.
A.
nothing?????????????
B.
none
C.
no
one?????????????
D.
neither
【答案解析】
B
【详解】考查代词辨析。句意：我哥哥想买一块好表，但那家商店没有一块合适的。A.nothing没有东西；B.none一个也没有；C.no
one没有人；D.neither两者都不。由前文的“to
buy
a
good
watch”可知，想买一块好手表，结果一块也没买到，强调数量时应该用“none”。故选B。
9.
To
win
the
trust
of
the
employees,
your
factory
should
see
to________that
accounts
and
operations
are
as
transparent
as
possible.
A.
it?????????????
B.
them?????????????
C.
you?????????????
D.
one
【答案解析】
A
【详解】考查it做形式宾语。句意：为了赢得员工的信任，你的工厂应该确保账目和操作尽可能透明。see
to意为“确保，务必”，此处it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是that
accounts
and
operations
are
as
transparent
as
possible，故选A项。
10.
If
it’s
possible
to
be
famous
and
yet
not
really
well
known,
______
describes
the
father
who
raised
me.
A.
what?????????????
B.
which?????????????
C.
that?????????????
D.
where
【答案解析】
C
【详解】考查代词。句意：我的父亲声名在外,但又不是众所周知。这就是养育我的父亲。此处是if引导的条件状语从句，主句缺少主语，所以空格处用that做整个主句的主语。故选C。
11.
The
Amazon
rainforest
is
considered
the
lungs
of
Earth,
much
of
______
located
in
Brazil
A.
which?????????????
B.
what?????????????
C.
it?????????????
D.
that
【答案解析】
C
【详解】考查代词。句意：亚马逊雨林被认为是地球的肺，大部分位于巴西。此处The
Amazon
rainforest是句子主语，located是过去分词，其逻辑主语是much
of
it，这里是过去分词的独立主格结构，而不是定语从句，用it代替The
Amazon
rainforest。故选C。
12.
The
overall
consumption
scale
is
expected
to
reach
201
billion
yuan
this
year,
meaning
an
increase
of
18.5
percent
over
________
of
2018.
A.
that?????????????
B.
it?????????????
C.
the
one?????????????
D.
those
【答案解析】
A
【详解】考查代词。句意：今年，整体消费规模有望达到2010亿元，这意味着比2018年增加18.5%。分析句子可知，空白处指代“今年的整体消费规模”，与“2018年的的整体消费规模”是同一类，但不是同一个，要用that指代。the
one
不能只代不可数名词。故选A项。
【点睛】代词one,
it
that的用法：?
1.one,
it,
that常常用来代替或避免重复某个名词。例如：①I'm
looking
for
a
flat.
I'd
really
like
one
with
a
garden.?
②-Where
did
you
find
your
watch???
-
I
find
it
in
our
classroom.?
③The
population
of
China
is
larger
than
that
of
any
other
country.?
2.one可指人或物，只替代单数可数名词，复数用ones.
One是泛指，但有限定修饰语，如the,
this,
that…修饰就变成了特指。如：?
①One
must
do
one's
duty.?
②Mary
has
a
red
pencil
and
Jane
has
a
blue
one.?
③The
new
designs
are
much
better
than
the
old
ones.
3.that只指物，不指人，可替代可数名词或不可数名词，具有“特指”性质。指的是同类事物中的另一样东西，即同类异物。如：The
library
of
our
school
is
bigger
than
that
of
yours.(that代替的是另一个图书馆。)?
4．One
和that
在代替可数名词时，如果没有前置定语只有后置定语时，the
one
和that可互换。但该名词如有前置定语，则只能用the
one,而不能用that。例如：①I
will
take
the
seat
next
to
the
one(=that)by
the
window.我就坐窗口的那个座位旁边。②I
prefer
the
large
box
to
the
small
one.(one
不可用that替换
)。???
5．That的复数形式those代替可数名词的复数。可指人或物，一般后面跟修饰语。如：①Today's
cellphones
are
smaller
than
those(=the
ones)used
in
the
past.?
②The
students
who
do
best
in
exam
are
not
always
those(=the
ones)
with
the
best
brains.?
6.the
one(ones)或
that
,those
指代某一名词做定语从句的先行词时，其关系代词which在that之后，which不能省，而在the
one、ones
之后，which可省略。如：①Their
problem
today
is
somewhat
similar
to
that
which
they
faced
many
years
ago.?
7.代替不可数名词时，应该用that。如：The
equipment
is
different
from
that.?
8.it代替上文所提到的名词时，是指同类事物中的同一样东西，即同类事物。如：I
have
lost
my
pen.
I'm
looking
for
it.?
9.it和that可代替前面整个句子的意思，而one却不能；that可引导一个限定性定语从句，代替某个先行词（单复数名词均可），it和one则不能；it可代替不定式、动名词或从句，用作形式主语或形式宾语，也可用于强调句型中，而one和that则不能。如：①-I
will
make
bed
for
you.
–It
is
very
kind
of
you.?
②Jim
said
he
had
read
my
novel.But
that
was
not
possible.?
③A
clock
is
an
instrument
that
tells
time.?
④The
students
that
surf
the
Internet
will
be
punished
by
the
teacher.?
⑤It
is
nice
to
see
you
again.?
⑥It
is
no
use
calling
her
up.?
⑦I
found
it
impossible
for
me
to
pass
the
test.?
⑧It
was
I
who
broke
your
window.
13.
Never
shall
I
forget
that
poem
and
the
inspiration
???????
provided
for
my
first
novel.
A.
which?????????????
B.
that
C.
it?????????????
D.
what
【答案解析】
C
试题分析：C考查代词。我永远也不能忘记这首诗歌和它给我的第一本小说给我的灵感。这里inspiration后面是定语从句，关系代词省。定语从句还缺少主语the
poem，用it特指前面的that
poem，所以选C。
14.
If
you
see
things
in
a
negative
light,
you
will
find
faults
everywhere
and
problems
where
there
are
really
________．
A.
none?????????????
B.
some
C.
many?????????????
D.
nothing
【答案解析】
A
【详解】考查代词辨析。句意：如果你用消极的眼光看待事物，你会发现到处都是错误，到处都是问题。A.
none没有任何东西；B.
some一些；C.
many许多；D.
nothing无事，无物。此处指没有问题的地方也有问题，故选A。
15.
The
natural
environment
should
be
protected
because
of
the
important
role
_______
plays
in
human
survival
and
development.
A.
which?????????????
B.
the
one
C.
it?????????????
D.
that
【答案解析】
C
考查代词。句意：自然环境应该被保护，因为它在人类生存和发展方面起着重要作用。此处用it指代The
natural
environment，在从句中作主语，it用于替代上文出现的同一事物，所指的是同名同物；one用于替代上文提到的可数名词单数，表示泛指；that用于替代上文出现的可数名词单数或不可数名词，表特指。one和that所指的是同名异物。不能用which，如果是which的话，那构成定语从句，先行词是role，但这不符合语境。故只能选C。
16.
—-What
do
you
think
of
Steven
Hawking?
—-Despite
his
disabled
body,
he
was
a
man
of
scientific
nature,
_____worthy
of
admiration.
A.
one?????????????
B.
who?????????????
C.
that?????????????
D.
this
【答案解析】
A
【详解】考查代词。句意：——你认为霍金怎么样？——尽管身体残疾，但他是一个具有科学天性的人，一个值得尊敬的人。A.
one一个，代词；B.
who谁；C.
that那个；D.
this这个。分析句子可知，此处用one作为a
man
of
scientific
nature的同位语，worthy
of
admiration作为one的后置定语，故选A项。
17.
The
building
of
an
ecological
civilization
has
entered
a
critical
period,
_________that
requires
more
quality
products
to
meet
people’s
demand.
A.
it?????????????
B.
that?????????????
C.
one?????????????
D.
the
one
【答案解析】
C
【详解】考查代词辨析。句意：生态文明的建设已进入一个关键时期，需要更多的优质产品来满足人们的需求。此处做a
critical
period的同位语，泛指“一个关键时期”，泛指上文提到可数名词单数，应使用代词one。it指同一事物；that特指上文提到的名词；the
one表示特指。故选C。
【点睛】it/
one/
that/
the
one均可用作代词，指代前面提到的名词。一般说来，it指代同名同物；one与that则指代同名异物，one代指单数名词表泛指，that代指单数名词表特指=the
one。如本题中的代词做a
critical
period的同位语，泛指“一个关键时期”，应使用代词one。
18.
The
police
searched
his
bedroom
and
found
his
phone—___________we’d
been
messaging.
A.
something?????????????
B.
one?????????????
C.
the
one?????????????
D.
someone
【答案解析】
C
【详解】考查代词。句意：警察搜查了他的卧室，发现了他的手机——就是我们一直在发短信的那个。A.
something某事；B.
one一个（表泛指）；C.
the
one这/那个（表特指）；
D.
someone某人。由句意可知，此处特指手机，应用the
one。故选C项。
19.
The
information
tells
me
that
the
way
of
education
in
Canada
is
quite
different
from
_____
in
China.
A.
one?????????????
B.
it?????????????
C.
that?????????????
D.
those
【答案解析】
C
【详解】考查代词。句意：这条信息告诉我在加拿大的教育方式和中国的教育方式很不一样。前后比较的是教育方式，用that指代the加名词。A
.one是泛指一个，B.it
指的是同一个东西，D
.those指代the
加名词复数，故选C。
20.
After
work
I
went
to
the
box
office
to
buy
the
tickets
for
My
People,
My
Country,
only
to
be
told
there
was
___left.
A.
nothing?????????????
B.
none?????????????
C.
no
one?????????????
D.
neither
【答案解析】
B
【详解】考查代词辨析。句意：下班以后我去买《我的人民，我的国家》的票，结果被告知没有票剩下了。Nothing灭什么，指物；none没什么，既可以指人也可以指物，有特定的范围限制。no
one=nobody指人。nether指两者都不。根据句意是指票没有了，有票这个范围限制。故B正确。
