动词的时态和语态
1.
The
works
of
Du
Fu,
China’s
greatest
poet,
_____
a
precious
cultural
heritage
for
the
entire
world,
not
just
for
China.
A.
represented?????????????
B.
represent?????????????
C.
will
represent?????????????
D.
have
represented
【答案解析】
B
【详解】考查时态。句意：中国最伟大的诗人——杜甫，他的作品代表了全世界珍贵的文化遗产，不仅仅是中国。本句讲述一般事实，应用一般现在时，主语the
works是复数，故谓语动词用复数形式，故选B项。
2.
Everyone
wants
to
live
on
the
top
of
the
mountain,
but
growth
occurs
while
you
_____
it.
A.
climbed?????????????
B.
have
climbed?????????????
C.
are
climbing?????????????
D.
have
been
climbing
【答案解析】
C
【详解】考查时态。句意：人人都想生活过得很好，而成长就发生在你攀登时。分析句子可知，此处是时间状语从句的谓语动词，根据语境和句意判断此处为现在进行时，故选C项。
3.
The
student
said
there
were
a
few
points
in
the
essay
he_________impossible
to
comprehend.
A.
has
found?????????????
B.
was
finding?????????????
C.
had
found?????????????
D.
would
find
【答案解析】
C
【详解】考查时态。句意：那个学生说文章中有几点他觉得无法理解。分析本句可知，本句为含有宾语从句there
were
a
few
points
in
the
essay，定语从句he
_________impossible
to
comprehend.的复合句，其中a
few
points为先行词，在定语从句中做宾语。主句的时态为一般过去时，所以从句的时态要和主句保持一致。因为find在say之前，所以find用过去完成时。选项C符合题意。故选C。
4.
Mr.White
works
with
a
chemical
import-export
company,but
he________for
this
industrial
exhibition,
since
he
is
on
leave.
A.
has
worked?????????????
B.
works?????????????
C.
has
been
working?????????????
D.
is
working
【答案解析】
D
【详解】考查现在进行时态。句意：怀特先生在一家化工制品进出口公司工作,但是,他现在正在为这工业博览会工作,因为他在休假中。此处表示动作的正在进行，且句子主语是he，故选D。
5.
Mr.
Smith
gave
her
one
of
the
pills
that
he
______
for
stomachache
or
something
like
that.
A.
will
have
taken?????????????
B.
had
been
taken?????????????
C.
has
taken?????????????
D.
had
been
taking
【答案解析】
D
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：Smith先生给了她一片他一直服用的治胃病之类的药。分析句子可知，这是一个定语从句，根据从句句意得知，这个药是Smith先生之前就在服用，而且这个药也会一直持续服用下去，所以动词时态应该是现在完成进行时。又因为定语从句前面的主句部分是用的一般过去时，也就是说在Smith先生给她药之前，他就在服用这个治胃病的药，所以综上所述，动词应该用过去完成进行时，故选D项。
6.
I
always
read
newspapers
backwards
because
the
back
pages
are
______
the
sport
is.
A.
that?????????????
B.
where?????????????
C.
how?????????????
D.
what
.
【答案】B
【详解】考察名词性从句。句意：我总是倒着看报纸，因为报纸的后页是关于运动的。分析句子可知，表语从句“______
the
sport
is”中缺少地点状语，故选B。
7.
—The
price
of
pork
is
going
up
madly.
It’s
really
too
much
for
us.
—But
for
the
situation
where
many
pig
farms
_______
a
rare
pig
disease,
things
would
not
be
like
this.
A.
meet
with?????????????
B.
have
met
with?????????????
C.
met
with?????????????
D.
had
met
with
【答案解析】
B
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——猪肉的价格疯长。对我们来说太贵了。——要不是很多猪场遇见了罕见的猪瘟，事情不会是这样的。分析句子可知，猪场遇见猪瘟是已经发生的事情，对现在产生的影响，要用现在完成时态，且主语pig
farms是复数，所以要用have
met
with。故选B项。
8.
—
Why
not
go
out
to
play
with
them?
—Sorry.
I
haven’t
finished
my
homework
yet,
I
______
my
mother
in
the
kitchen
all
day
yesterday.
A.
have
been
helping?????????????
B.
had
helped
C.
was
helping?????????????
D.
had
been
helping
【答案解析】
C
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——为什么不跟他们出去玩了？——对不起，我作业还没做完。我昨天一天都在厨房帮妈妈。结合句意和时间状语all
day
yesterday可知，句子描述的是过去某一时间正在进行的动作，用过去进行时态；空白处做句子的谓语，主语是I，故选C。
9.
—Take
a
break,
Amy.
You
______
on
the
piano
all
morning.
—All
right.
But
the
competition
is
coming
soon.
I
have
to
work
harder.
A.
are
practising?????????????
B.
will
be
practising?????????????
C.
have
been
practising?????????????
D.
practice
【答案解析】
C
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：---艾米，休息一会吧。你都练钢琴一上午了。---好吧。但比赛很快就到了。我还得在努力一下。分析句意，艾米丽已经弹了一上午钢琴而且还将继续弹。所以此处应用现在完成进行时表示从动作从过去持续到现在且还将持续下去的动作。故选C项。
10.
Though
lacking
experience,
Mike
was
convinced
that
he
______
a
higher
pay
by
working
hard.
A.
has
got?????????????
B.
will
get?????????????
C.
got?????????????
D.
would
get
【答案解析】
D
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：虽然迈克缺乏经验，但他相信只要努力工作就能得到更高的报酬。根据句意可知，此处表示将来的动作，再根据谓语动词was
convinced可知，应用过去将来时。故选D。
11.
Today
is
a
day
of
celebration,
a
day
for
you
to
be
proud
of
all
the
hard
work
that
________
you
to
this
place
where
you
can
sit.
A.
gets?????????????
B.
would
get?????????????
C.
had
got?????????????
D.
got
【答案解析】
D
【详解】考查一般过去时。句意：今天是值得庆祝的日子，是你为自己的努力工作感到骄傲的一天，正是这些努力工作让你们走到今天这个位置，让你们能够坐在这里。分析句子可知，that引导定语从句修饰先行词all
the
hard
work，空处是定语从句的谓语动词，由时间状语Today及语境可知，get表示的动作发生在今天之前，应使用一般过去时。故选D项。
12.
Arriving
too
early
to
a
dinner
party
could
appear
slightly
rude
if
the
host
________
their
preparations.
A.
completes?????????????
B.
is
completing?????????????
C.
completed?????????????
D.
has
completed
【答案解析】
B
【详解】考查时态。句意：如果主人在完成准备工作期间，客人过早参加晚宴，可能会显得有些粗鲁。使用现在进行时表示主人正在准备晚宴的时候，客人来到了现场。这是不礼貌的做法。故选B。
13.
Our
losses
are
incredibly
small,
viewed
________
what
has
been
accomplished.
A.
in
the
case
of?????????????
B.
in
the
interest
of
C.
in
the
event
of?????????????
D.
in
the
light
of
【答案】D
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：从所取得的成就来看，我们的损失非常小。A.
in
the
case
of
假使，如果发生；B.
in
the
interest
of为……利益；
C.
in
the
event
of
如果是那样子的话，假若；D.
in
the
light
of根据，比照，从……观点看。根据前面的我们的损失非常小，可知，从所取得的成就来看，我们的损失非常小。in
the
light
of意思为“根据，比照，从……观点看”，故选D。
14.
I
__________
to
give
you
just
a
surprise
quiz
but
on
second
thought
I
chose
to
let
you
reflect
on
your
exercises.
A.
had
intended?????????????
B.
has
intended?????????????
C.
intended?????????????
D.
has
been
intended
【答案解析】
A
【详解】考查时态。句意：我本打算给你一个惊喜测验，但经过仔细考虑，我选择让你反思一下你的练习。根据
I
chose
to
let
you
reflect
on
your
exercises.可知，had
intended
to
do
sth“本打算做某事,实际上却未做”符合句意。故此题选A。
15.
I
hate
to
say
this
but
you
need
to
stop
doing
things
like
this
because
they
__________
me
all
the
time.
A.
disturb?????????????
B.
have
disturbed?????????????
C.
disturbed?????????????
D.
are
disturbing
【答案解析】
D
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我讨厌这样说，但是你需要停止这做这些事情，因为它们老是打扰了我。根据句意及时间状语all
the
time可知，使用现在进行时，与all
the
time(一直)搭配，表示厌恶。故选D。
【点睛】现在进行时与always/constantly/continually/forever/all
the
time等表示时间的副词连用，表示说话人对主语的行为表示赞叹、赞许、表扬、抱怨、厌恶等情绪，体现出一定的感彩。如：She
is
always
asking
the
same
question.
她总是问同样的问题。（表示厌恶）
He
is
always
thinking
of
others.他总是为别人着想。（表示赞扬）
16.
The
number
of
people,
who
have
access
to
their
own
cars,
______
sharply
in
the
past
decade.
A.
rose?????????????
B.
is
rising?????????????
C.
have
risen?????????????
D.
has
risen
【答案解析】
D
【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的十年里，拥有私家车的人数急剧增加。根据后文in
the
past
decade可知表示过去发生的动作持续到现在应用现在完成时，主语为The
number
of
people，助动词应用has。故选D。
【点睛】主谓一致之意义一致。
“a
number
of+复数名词”与“the
number
of+复数名词”作状语
a
number
of表示“很多……”，后跟可数名词的复数形式，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；
the
number
of表示“……的数目”，中心词是number，所以是单数，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：
The
number
of
the
students
in
our
class
is
50.
我们班学生的数量是五十。
A
number
of
workers
were
fired.
一些工人被解雇了。
17.
We
all
know
that
good
results
________
for
you
when
you
start
doing
things
you
love.
A.
are
waiting?????????????
B.
have
waited
C.
have
been
waiting?????????????
D.
will
be
waiting
【答案解析】
D
考查时态。句意：我们都知道当你开始做你喜欢的事的时候，好的结果将会一直等你。此处表示在将来时间会一直持续的事，用will
be
doing。故选D。
18.
When
you
are
faced
with
challenges,
try
not
to
let
discouraging
thoughts
_____.
Be
confident
and
trust
yourself,
and
you’ll
make
it.
A.
take
on?????????????
B.
take
up?????????????
C.
take
in?????????????
D.
take
over
【答案】D
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当你面对挑战时，尽量不要让沮丧的想法占据上风。自信一点，相信自己，你会成功的。A.
take
on承担，呈现；B.take
up占据（时间、地方），开始从事；C.take
in吸收；D.take
over接管，接收。由句意可知，此处表示不要让沮丧的想法接管、掌控。故选D项。
19.
We
won’t
start
the
work
until
all
the
preparations
___________.
A.
are
being
made?????????????
B.
will
be
made?????????????
C.
have
been
made?????????????
D.
had
been
made
【答案解析】
C
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：一切准备就绪后我们才开始工作。根据句意，preparations
与谓语make之间是被动关系，谓语动词应该用被动语态；分析句子结构可知，这是一个not...until引导的时间状语从句，主句中用一般将来时won’t
，从句中应该用现在时态的一种形式；结合句意，从句用现在完成时强调“做好准备”这个动作，对现在的影响就是可以“开始工作了”，符合语境及语法结构。综上分析，谓语动词应该用现在完成时的被动语态
have
been
made。故选C项。
20.
It
is
estimated
that
hopefully
about
0.
5
billion
families_______5G
terminals
by
2025,
when
there
is
a
sharp
drop
in
price.
A.
have
used?????????????
B.
will
have
used
C.
will
be
using?????????????
D.
are
using
【答案解析】
B
【详解】考查时态。句意：据估计，到2025年，5G终端的价格将大幅下降，届时有望有约5亿家庭使用该终端。根据时间状语by
2025，可知用将来时态，这里表示在将来某一时间以前已经完成，所以用将来完成时态。故选B。动词的时态和语态
1.
The
works
of
Du
Fu,
China’s
greatest
poet,
_____
a
precious
cultural
heritage
for
the
entire
world,
not
just
for
China.
A.
represented?????????????
B.
represent?????????????
C.
will
represent?????????????
D.
have
represented
2.
Everyone
wants
to
live
on
the
top
of
the
mountain,
but
growth
occurs
while
you
_____
it.
A.
climbed?????????????
B.
have
climbed?????????????
C.
are
climbing?????????????
D.
have
been
climbing
3.
The
student
said
there
were
a
few
points
in
the
essay
he_________impossible
to
comprehend.
A.
has
found?????????????
B.
was
finding?????????????
C.
had
found?????????????
D.
would
find
4.
Mr.White
works
with
a
chemical
import-export
company,but
he________for
this
industrial
exhibition,
since
he
is
on
leave.
A.
has
worked?????????????
B.
works?????????????
C.
has
been
working?????????????
D.
is
working
5.
Mr.
Smith
gave
her
one
of
the
pills
that
he
______
for
stomachache
or
something
like
that.
A.
will
have
taken?????????????
B.
had
been
taken?????????????
C.
has
taken?????????????
D.
had
been
taking
6.
I
always
read
newspapers
backwards
because
the
back
pages
are
______
the
sport
is.
A.
that?????????????
B.
where?????????????
C.
how?????????????
D.
what
.
7.
—The
price
of
pork
is
going
up
madly.
It’s
really
too
much
for
us.
—But
for
the
situation
where
many
pig
farms
_______
a
rare
pig
disease,
things
would
not
be
like
this.
A.
meet
with?????????????
B.
have
met
with?????????????
C.
met
with?????????????
D.
had
met
with
8.
—
Why
not
go
out
to
play
with
them?
—Sorry.
I
haven’t
finished
my
homework
yet,
I
______
my
mother
in
the
kitchen
all
day
yesterday.
A.
have
been
helping?????????????
B.
had
helped
C.
was
helping?????????????
D.
had
been
helping
9.
—Take
a
break,
Amy.
You
______
on
the
piano
all
morning.
—All
right.
But
the
competition
is
coming
soon.
I
have
to
work
harder.
A.
are
practising????????????
B.
will
be
practising?????????????
C.
have
been
practising???????????
D.
practice
10.
Though
lacking
experience,
Mike
was
convinced
that
he
______
a
higher
pay
by
working
hard.
A.
has
got?????????????
B.
will
get?????????????
C.
got?????????????
D.
would
get
11.
Today
is
a
day
of
celebration,
a
day
for
you
to
be
proud
of
all
the
hard
work
that
________
you
to
this
place
where
you
can
sit.
A.
gets?????????????
B.
would
get?????????????
C.
had
got?????????????
D.
got
12.
Arriving
too
early
to
a
dinner
party
could
appear
slightly
rude
if
the
host
________
their
preparations.
A.
completes?????????????
B.
is
completing?????????????
C.
completed?????????????
D.
has
completed
13.
Our
losses
are
incredibly
small,
viewed
________
what
has
been
accomplished.
A.
in
the
case
of?????????????
B.
in
the
interest
of
C.
in
the
event
of?????????????
D.
in
the
light
of
14.
I
__________
to
give
you
just
a
surprise
quiz
but
on
second
thought
I
chose
to
let
you
reflect
on
your
exercises.
A.
had
intended?????????????
B.
has
intended?????????????
C.
intended?????????????
D.
has
been
intended
15.
I
hate
to
say
this
but
you
need
to
stop
doing
things
like
this
because
they
__________
me
all
the
time.
A.
disturb?????????????
B.
have
disturbed?????????????
C.
disturbed?????????????
D.
are
disturbing
16.
The
number
of
people,
who
have
access
to
their
own
cars,
______
sharply
in
the
past
decade.
A.
rose?????????????
B.
is
rising?????????????
C.
have
risen?????????????
D.
has
risen
17.
We
all
know
that
good
results
________
for
you
when
you
start
doing
things
you
love.
A.
are
waiting?????????????
B.
have
waited
C.
have
been
waiting?????????????
D.
will
be
waiting
18.
When
you
are
faced
with
challenges,
try
not
to
let
discouraging
thoughts
_____.
Be
confident
and
trust
yourself,
and
you’ll
make
it.
A.
take
on?????????????
B.
take
up?????????????
C.
take
in?????????????
D.
take
over
19.
We
won’t
start
the
work
until
all
the
preparations
___________.
A.
are
being
made?????????????
B.
will
be
made?????????????
C.
have
been
made?????????????
D.
had
been
made
20.
It
is
estimated
that
hopefully
about
0.
5
billion
families_______5G
terminals
by
2025,
when
there
is
a
sharp
drop
in
price.
A.
have
used?????????????
B.
will
have
used
C.
will
be
using?????????????
D.
are
using
