解密09名词性从句
【命题解读】
1.了解名词性从句的基本用法，掌握名词性从句的引导词及引导词在名词性从句中的作用，辨析that与what,if
与whether等引导词的用法。
2.明确it作形式主语和形式宾语、代替主语从句及宾语从句的用法，及其与强调句的区别。
3.区分that引导的同位语从句及定语从句。
【命题预测】
预计今后高考对名词性从句的考查仍然不会单纯地考查其语法结构，而是将其融入一定的语境中来考查考生的实际综合运用能力。
【复习建议】
1.
掌握宾语从句的用法；
2.
了解同位语从句的用法；
3.
掌握表语从句的用法；
4.
掌握主语从句的用法；
5.
如何正确选择引导词。
主语从句是在复合句中担任主语的句子。其特点有：
（1）引导词：
从属连词
that,
whether；
连接代词
who,
what,
which；
whoever,
whatever,
whichever;
连接副词
when,
where,
how和why。
（2）语序：陈述句语序
（3）在主语从句中只能用whether,不能用if
That
he
will
win
the
match
is
certain.
It
is
certain
that
he
will
win
the
match.
1.
一般来说主语从句都是放在句首，但有时为了使句子保持平衡，避免"头重脚轻",常用it
作形式主语，从
而把主语从句放后面。常以it作形式主语的句型有：
①It
is＋形容词＋that...
?It
is
certain
that
she
will
do
well
in
her
exam．
毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。
②It
is＋名词词组(no
wonder，an
honour，a
good
thing，a
pity，no
surprise，common
knowledge，a
surprise，
a
fact，etc．)＋that...
?It’s
a
pity
that
we
can’t
go．
很遗憾我们不能去。
③It
is＋过去分词(said，reported，thought，expected，decided，announced，arranged，etc．)＋that...
?It
has
been
suggested
that
much
should
be
done
to
prevent
the
river
from
being
polluted．
有人建议应做更多的工作阻止河流遭受污染。
④It
appears/seems
that...|It
happens
that...|It
occurred
to
me
that...|It
turned
out
that...
?It
turned
out
that
nobody
remembered
the
address．
结果发现没人记得这地址。
⑤It
doesn’t
matter
that...|It
makes
no
difference
that...
?It
doesn’t
matter
whether
she
will
come
or
not．
她是否来这无关紧要。
2.
当that引导的主语从句出现在疑问句中时，要以it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。
?Does
it
matter
much
that
they
will
not
come
tomorrow？
他们明天不来很要紧吗？
3.
当主语从句出现在感叹句中时，要以it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。
?How
strange
it
is
that
the
children
are
so
quiet！孩子们这么安静真奇怪！
1.（2020.江苏卷.单项填空）It
is
not
a
problem
_____
we
can
win
the
battle;
it’s
just
a
matter
of
time.
A.
whether
B.
why
C.
when
D.
where
【答案】A
【解析】考查主语从句。句意:我们能否打赢这场战斗不是问题；这只是时间问题。A.
whether是否；B.
why为什么；C.
when什么时候；D.
where在哪里。根据下文it’s
just
a
matter
of
time可知，此处指”我们能否打赢这场战斗不是问题”，it是形式主语，whether引导的从句是真正的主语。故选A。
2.
(2018·天津卷·单项填空)The
gold
medal
will
be
awarded
___________to
wins
the
first
place
in
the
bicycle
race.
A.
whomever
B.
wherever
C.
whoever
D.
whatever
【参考答案】C
【答案解析】考查名词性从句连接词。句意：无论谁获得自行车比赛第一名，金牌将授予他。分析句子可知，宾语从句中缺少主语，故用whoever，表示“任何人，无论谁”。故选C。
3.（2017·北京卷·单项填空）Every
year,
_______
makes
the
most
beautiful
kite
will
win
a
prize
in
the
Kite
Festival.
A.
whatever
B.
whoever
C.
whomever
D.
whichever
【参考答案】B
【答案解析】考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，________
makes
the
most
beautiful
kite作主语，且所填词指人，既作从句的主语又作主句的主语，所以选
whoever(whomever不能作主语)。句意：每年，
在风筝节上风筝做得最漂亮的人都会赢得奖品。
4.（2016·江苏卷·单项填空）It
is
often
the
case
____________
anything
is
possible
for
those
who
hang
on
to
hope.
A.
why
B.
what
C.
as
D.
that
【参考答案】D
【答案解析】考查主语从句。本句中it是形式主语，真正的主语是连接词that引导的主语从句，连接词that在本句中不充当任何成分，只是一个引导词而已，不能省略。连接副词why要在句中作状语，连接代词what通常在句中作主语、宾语或表语等；as通常不引导名词性从句。句意：对于那些心存希望的人一切皆可能是事实。故D正确。
【归纳总结】
表语从句放在连系动词之后，充当复合句中的表语。
一、引导表语从句的关联词的种类：
1.
可接表语从句的连系动词有be，look，seem，sound，appear等。
?China
is
no
longer
what
she
used
to
be.
今日的中国不再是过去的中国了。
?The
question
remains
whether
they
will
be
able
to
help
us.
问题还是他们能否帮我们。
?At
that
time，it
seemed
as
if
I
couldn't
think
of
the
right
word.
当时，我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来。
2.
从属连词whether，as，as
if
/
though引导的表语从句。
?He
looked
just
as
he
had
looked
ten
years
before.
他看起来还与十年前一样。
?It
sounds
as
if
someone
is
knocking
at
the
door.
听起来好像有人在敲门。
3.
because，why引导的表语从句。
?That's
because
he
didn't
understand
me.
那是因为他没有理解我。（That's
because...强调原因）
?That's
why
he
got
angry
with
me.
那正是他对我生气的原因。（That's
why...强调结果）
4.
连接代词who，whom，whose，what，which，whoever，whatever，whichever
连接副词
where，when，how，why
?The
problem
is
who
we
can
get
to
replace
her.
问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。
?The
question
is
how
he
did
it.
问题是他是如何做此事的。
?That
was
what
she
did
this
morning
on
reaching
the
attic.
那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。
5.
从属连词that
?The
trouble
is
that
I
have
lost
his
address.
麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。
【归纳拓展】
学习表语从句应该注意以下几点。
(1)通常只用that引导表语从句的情况。
①句子的主语为the
reason时，表语从句采用that引导，表示原因，此时不用because。
?The
reason
why
she
was
ill
was
that
she
had
eaten
bad
meat．
她生病的原因是她吃了变质的肉。
②句子的主语为the
result时，表语从句采用that引导。
?The
result
is
that
many
of
them
become
fat．
结果是他们中许多人发胖了。
③由why引导的从句作主语时。
?Why
we
decided
to
put
off
the
match
is
that
the
weather
was
too
terrible．
我们决定推迟比赛的原因是天气太糟糕了。
(2)as
if/though引导的表语从句通常置于系动词look，seem，sound，be等后面；表语从句既可以采用虚拟语
气，也可采用直陈语气。
①It
sounded
as
if
somebody
was
knocking
at/on
the
door．听起来好像有人在敲门。
②She
treats
him
as
if
he
were
a
stranger．她待他如陌生人。
1.(2018·北京卷·单项填空)
Without
his
support,
we
wouldn’t
be
_________
we
are
now.
A.
how
B.
when
C.
where
D.
why
【参考答案】C
【答案解析】考查名词性从句。句意：没有他的支持，我们是不会在现在这个位置的。how表方式，when表时间，where表地点，why表原因。“_________
we
are
now”是表语从句，结合句子的意思可知，该处指我们所处的位置，故该从句应用where引导。C选项正确。
2.（2016·北京卷·单项填空）
The
most
pleasant
thing
of
the
rainy
season
is
________
one
can
be
entirely
free
from
dust.
A.
what
B.
that
C.
whether
D.
why
【参考答案】
B
【试题解析】
考查表语从句。句意：雨季最令人愉悦的就是人们可以完全不再受到灰尘的困扰。is后跟从句作表语，即表语从句，表语从句不缺少主语、谓语和宾语，因此用that，that只起引导作用，故选B。
【难点梳理】
引导宾语从句的连接词主要有：
连接词：that，whether，if等
连接代词：what，who，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever等
连接副词：when，where，why，how等
1.
连接词that，whether，if引导
?I
think
(that)
you
should
turn
to
the
teacher
for
help.
我认为你应该向老师寻求帮助。
?I
don’t
know
if/whether
he
still
lives
here
after
so
many
years.
我不知道这么多年后他是否还住在这儿。
注意：whether/if都意为＂是否＂。一般情况下，它们可以互换，口语中常用if，但以下情况中，只能用whether。（1）与or
not紧接连用时。
?Let
me
know
whether
or
not
you
can
come.
请让我知道你是否能来。（2）作介词的宾语从句时。
?We
are
interested
in
whether
you
will
attend
the
meeting.
我们对你是否参加会议感兴趣。
2.
连接代词what，who，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever等引导
?She
asked
me
whose
handwriting
was
the
best
in
the
class.
她问我班上谁的书法最好。
?I’ll
just
say
whatever
comes
into
my
mind.
我想到什么就说什么。
3.
连接副词when，where，why，how等引导
?Do
you
know
when
the
ancient
Olympic
Games
began?
你知道古代的奥运会是什么时间开始的吗?
?I’ve
been
thinking
about
how
we
can
make
the
newspaper
more
interesting.
我一直在考虑如何使我们的报纸更用趣。
4.
宾语从句的语序
在宾语从句中要用陈述句语序。
?He
asked
me
when
we
could
set
out
the
next
day.
他问我第二天什么时候可以出发。
?Did
you
find
out
where
she
lost
her
car?
你查出她在哪里丢的车了吗?
5.
宾语从句的时态
（1）当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时时，其宾语从句的时态可以是任何适当的时态。
?She
says
(that)
she
works
from
Monday
to
Friday.
她说她周一至周五上班。(从句是一般现在时)
?she
says
(that)
she
will
leave
a
message
on
his
desk.
她说她要在他桌子上留个便条。(从句是一般将来时)
?She
says
(that)
she
has
never
been
to
Mount
Emei.
她说她从来没有去过峨眉山。(从句是现在完成时)
（2）当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时时，其宾语从句的时态一般要用适当的过去时态。
?He
said
there
were
no
classes
yesterday
afternoon.
他说昨天下午没有课。(从句是一般过去时)
?He
said
that
he
was
going
to
take
care
of
the
baby.
他说他会去照看这个婴儿。(从句是过去将来时)
?He
said
that
they
were
having
a
meeting
at
that
time.
他说他们那时正在开会。(从句是过去进行时)
（3）当宾语从句是表达客观真理和规律的句子时，其时态仍旧用一般现在时。
?The
teacher
told
us
that
nothing
is
difficult
if
we
put
our
hearts
into
it.
老师告诉我们世上无难事，只怕有心人。
?He
said
that
light
travels
much
faster
than
sound.
他说光比声音传播得快。
注意：学习宾语从句应该注意以下几点。
(1)引导宾语从句的连词that一般可以省略，但是在及物动词之后跟有两个或两个以上的宾语从句时，只有
第一个that可以省略。
?Glancing
at
her
scornfully，he
told
her(that)
the
dress
was
sold．
他轻蔑地看了她一眼，告诉她说那件衣服卖了。
?The
teacher
said
(that)
the
text
was
very
important
and
that
we
should
learn
it
by
heart．
老师说课文非常重要，我们应该背下来。
(2)表示＂心理活动＂的形容词：afraid，anxious，aware，ashamed，annoyed，certain，confident，content，
convinced，determined，disappointed，glad，happy，proud，pleased，sure，surprised，satisfied，thankful，
worried等可以后接宾语从句。
?He
was
afraid
that
he
would
lose．他担心会输。
?I
am
sure
that
I
put
the
money
in
the
box．我肯定把钱放在盒子里了。
(3)若主句谓语动词为think，consider，suppose，believe，expect，fancy，guess，imagine等，其后的宾语从
句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式，这种现象称为＂否定转移＂
现象(此时主语往往为第一人称，偶尔为第三人称；否定词never，seldom，hardly，little无此用法)。
?I
don’t
think
his
decision
is
wise
in
reality．实际上，我觉得他的决定并不明智。
?I
don’t
believe
that
he
is
a
dishonest
man．我认为他是个诚实的人。
(4)在think，believe，imagine，suppose，guess，hope等动词以及I’m
afraid之后，可以采用so代替一个肯
定的宾语从句，也可以采用not代替否定的宾语从句。
?—Do
you
believe
the
news
stories？＂你相信这个新闻故事吗？＂
—I
believe
so．＂我相信。＂
?—Has
Anne
got
into
university？＂安妮上大学了吗？＂
—I
am
afraid
not．＂恐怕是没有。＂
【巧学妙记】
宾语从句的用法速记口诀宾语从句须注意，几点事项应牢记。一是关键引导词，不同句子词相异。陈述句子用that；一般疑问是否（if，whether）替；特殊问句更好办，引导还用疑问词。二是时态常变化，主句不同从句异。主句若为现在时，从句时态应看意；主句若为过去时，从句时态向前移。
三是语序要记清，从句永保陈述序。
1.（2020.天津卷二.单项填空）
My
grandmother
helped
me
believe
that
I
could
accomplish
____________
I
put
my
mind
to.
A.
whenever
B.
whatever
C.
wherever
D.
whichever
【答案】B
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：我的祖母让我相信，我可以完成任何我专心去做的事情。A.
whenever无论何时；B.
whatever
无论什么，任何；C.
wherever无论何地；D.
whichever无论哪一个。分析句子可知，此处是宾语从句连接词，从句缺少宾语，应用连接代词，再结合句意，此处用“任何”符合语境，故选B项。
2.（2018·全国新课标卷II·短文改错）The
games
my
parents
taught
me
where
I
was
a
child
turned
out
to
be
very
useful
later
in
my
life.
【参考答案】where改为when
【答案解析】考查宾语从句的连接词。句意：当我是个孩子的时候我父母教给我的纸牌游戏在我日后的生活中证明非常有用。宾语从句连接词并不是表示地点状语，而是时间状语。故把where改为when。
3.（2018·全国新课标卷III·语法填空）I'm
not
sure
_____61_____
is
more
frightened,
me
or
the
female
gorilla(大猩猩）that
suddenly
appears
out
of
nowhere.
I'm
walking
on
a
path
in
the
forest
in
the
Central
African
Republic.
【参考答案】which/who
【答案解析】考查宾语从句。句意：我不确定哪一个更害怕，我，还是突然出现的雌性大猩猩。此处为宾语从句，空格处表示选择，所以用which或者who”
4.
(2017·天津卷·单项填空)
She
asked
me
________
I
had
returned
the
books
to
the
library,
and
I
admitted
that
I
hadn't.
A.
when
B.
where
C.
whether
D.
what
【参考答案】C
【答案解析】考查宾语从句。根据“…I
admitted
that
I
hadn't.”可知书还没还给图书馆，因此此处问的是是否(whether)已经还了。故选C项。句意：她问我是否已将那些书还给了图书馆，我承认没还。
5.（2016·全国新课标卷I·短文改错）My
uncle
is
the
owner
of
a
restaurant
close
to
that
I
live.
【参考答案】that
→
where
【答案解析】考查宾语从句的引导词。介词后面的宾语从句缺少状语，根据句意判断此处表示地点。故把that改为where。
在复合句中用作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。同位语从句是名词性从句的一种。它一般放在fact,
news,
idea,
truth,
hope,
problem,
information,
belief,
thought,
doubt,
promise,
question等抽象名词的后面，对前面的名词作进一步的解释，说明前面名词的具体含义。
1.
同位语从句的引导词选择原则
that
只起连词作用，无任何含义，一般不省略
whether
是否
when
什么时候
where
什么地点
how
什么方式
?The
hope
that
he
may
recover
is
not
gone
yet.他不是没有恢复的希望。
?The
problem
whether
we
should
continue
to
do
the
experiment
has
been
solved.
我们是否继续做这个实验的问题已经被解决。
2.
同位语从句的几种特殊情况
（1）当主句的谓语较短，而同位语从句较长时，同位语从句常后置。
?The
story
goes
that
William
Tell
killed
the
king
with
an
arrow.
故事是这样的：威廉姆特尔用一支利箭杀死了国王。
（2）表示“命令、建议、要求”的名词order,
demand,
suggestion等后接同位语从句时，从句的谓语要用虚拟语气，即“should＋动词原形”，should可省略。
?The
suggestion
that
everyone
(should)
make
efforts
to
beautify
our
campus
is
necessary.
每个人都应尽力来美化校园的建议是有必要的。
3.
同位语从句和定语从句的区别
同位语从句
定语从句
功能不同
对名词加以补充说明
与先行词是修饰与被修饰的关系，起连接作用
that
不作成分；起连接作用，不可省略
作主语或宾语，起连接作用；并且作从句的宾语时可省略
whether/how
不作成分；起连接作用“是否”；“如何”
不引导定语从句
wh?words
作成分；起连接作用；有自己的含义，但与先行词之间无关
作成分；起连接作用；没有自己的含义，但是代替先行词在从句中作成分
?The
news
that
Mr.
Li
will
be
our
new
English
teacher
is
true.
李先生将是我们的新英语老师这个消息是真的。(同位语从句，that不可省略)
?The
news
(that)
he
told
me
yesterday
is
true.
他昨天告诉我的消息是真的。(定语从句，that在从句中作宾语，可省略)
1.
（2019·江苏卷·单项填空）Scientists
have
obtained
more
evidence
___________
plastic
is
finding
its
way
into
the
human
body.
A.
what
B.
that
C.
which
D.
where
【参考答案】B
【试题分析】考查同位语从句。句意：科学家已经获得更多证据，塑料正在进入人们的体内。从句不缺句子成分，且与evidence指代的是同一事件，用that引导同位语从句。故选B。
【正确答案】
B
2.
The
only
way
to
succeed
at
the
highest
level
is
to
have
total
belief
you
are
better
than
anyone
else
on
the
sports
field.
A.
how
??
B.
that
B.
C.
which
D.
whether
【参考答案】B
【答案解析】
句意：最高水平成功的唯一途径是得有一个总的信念，那就是在运动场上你比任何人都强。分析句子结构可知＂__________
you
are
better
than
anyone
else
on
the
sports
field＂是同位语从句，对belief进行解释说明，从句不缺句子成分，故用连接词that引导，答案为B。
3.
News
came
from
the
school
office
______
Wang
Lin
had
been
admitted
to
Peking
University.
A.
which
?????????
B.
that
?
C.
what?
??????????
D.
where
【参考答案】B
【答案解析】考查同位语从句。本题属于分割式同位语从句，谓语came较短，同位语从句较长，名词和同位语从句被from
the
school
office
分开，that
引导同位语从句Wang
Lin
had
been
admitted
to
Beijing
University解释news的内容，在句中起引导作用，没有具体的意思。故选B。
名词性从句考点归纳：
1．名词性从句必须采用陈述语序。
①I
want
to
know
what
he
has
told
you．我想知道他告诉了你什么。
②She
always
thinks
of
how
she
can
work
well．她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。
2．it充当形式主语或宾语：
在名词性从句中，为了使句子保持平衡，常用先行词it来代替主语从句或宾语从句，而把主语从句或宾语从句放到后面，尤其是连词that引导的主语从句常用于此句式中。
①It
is
known
to
us
how
he
became
a
writer．我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。
②I
find
it
strange
that
she
doesn’t
want
to
travel．她竟不想旅游，我觉得很奇怪。
3．在名词性从句中
that与what的差异：
what在从句中要充当某个成分(主语、宾语或表语)，在任何情况下都不能省略，表示＂(＝the
thing
or
things
that...；
whatever)……的事物；
无论什么；凡是……的事物＂。that本身没有词汇意义，在从句中不充当任何成分，在口语和非正式文件中，宾语从句中的that常常省略。
①What
you
have
done
might
do
harm
to
others．你所做的事或许对别人有害处。
②I
spent
what
little
time
I
had
with
my
family．我仅有的一点儿时间都和家人在一起度过了。
③No
one
knows
what
will
happen
next．谁也不知道下一步有什么事。
④I
think(that)
you
will
like
the
stamps．我认为你会喜欢这些邮票的。
4．whether和if的差异：
（1）引导主语从句、表语从句或同位语从句，只能采用whether。
?Whether
there
is
life
on
the
moon
is
an
interesting
question．
月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。
（2）介词宾语只用whether引导。
?He
was
worrying
about
whether
he
had
hurt
her
feeling．
他焦虑地想知道是否伤害了她的感情。
（3）当whether引导的宾语从句位于句首表示强调时，不能被if替换。
?Whether
he
will
come
or
not，I
am
not
sure．我无法确认他是否会来。
（4）whether经常与or
not
直接连用，构成whether
or
not。
?I
don’t
know
whether
or
not
he’ll
come．我不知道他是来还是不来。
（5）后接动词不定式时只能用whether。
?Can
you
tell
me
whether
to
go
or
to
stay？你能否告诉我是去还是留？
（6）动词discuss后面只能接whether引导的宾语从句。
?We
discussed
whether
we
should
close
the
shop．我们讨论我们是否关闭这家商店。
5．宾语从句和主句的时态呼应：
（1）当主句谓语动词为现在时态或将来时态时，宾语从句可以选择适当的时态。
?Will
you
tell
me
how
I
can
keep
fit？能告诉我如何保持健康吗？
（2）当主句谓语动词为过去时态时，为保持时态一致，宾语从句应采用相应的过去时态。
?Jack
told
me
that
he
had
been
there
twice．杰克告诉我他去过那儿两次了。
（3）当主句谓语为过去时态时，宾语从句表示客观真理、客观存在的事物、格言时，仍然采用一般现在时。
?Long
ago，people
knew
that
there
are
four
seasons
in
a
year．
很久以前，人们就知道一年有四个季节。
6．连接代词whoever，whatever，whichever引导名词性从句的含义：
（1）whoever的用法：
①(＝the
person
or
people
who...)……的那个人
?Whoever
said
that？到底谁讲的这话？
②(＝any
person
who...)……的任何一个人
?Tell
whoever
you
like；
it
makes
no
difference
to
me．
你愿意告诉谁就告诉谁——对我来说都无所谓。
（2）whatever的用法：
①(＝any
or
every)任何；每一
?Take
whatever
action
is
needed．采取任何必要的措施。
②(＝anything
or
everything)任何事物；一切事物
?You
must
do
whatever
is
best
for
you．什么对你最有利你就得做什么。
③(表示做什么或发生什么都没关系，因为结果都一样)无论什么，不管什么
?You
have
our
support，whatever
you
decide．
不管你做何决定，都会得到我们的支持。
（3）whichever的用法：
①(表示什么特征或品质在作决定时重要)……的那个；……的那些
?Take
whichever
hat
suits
you
best．挑个最适合你戴的帽子。
②无论哪个；无论哪些
?Whichever
of
you
comes
in
will
receive
a
prize．
你们当中不论哪个进来将会得到奖励。
7．虚拟语气结构在名词性从句中的应用：
（1）主语从句
?It
is
necessary
that
he(should)come
to
see
us．他有必要来看望我们。
（2）宾语从句
?The
teacher
suggested
that
we(should)have
a
rest．老师建议我们休息一会儿。
（3）表语从句
?My
suggestion
is
that
we(should)read
English
newspapers
to
improve
our
English．
我的建议是我们应该阅读英文报纸来提高我们的英语水平。
8．it作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较
it作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都用连词that，被强调部分指人时也可用who/whom。
①It’s
a
pity
that
he
missed
the
opportunity
to
travel
abroad．
他错过了去国外旅游的机会，真是可惜。
②Who
was
it
that
won
the
World
Cup
in
2014？谁赢得了2014年的世界杯？
题组一
基础过关
I.
用适当的连接词填空
1.（2017?新课标卷I）The
homeowner
called
to
say
________
the
parents
had
responded
to
the
recordings..
2.（2017?新课标卷I）What
I’m
hoping
to
accomplish
is
________
my
generation
and
younger
start
to
reconsider
and
understand
_________
jazz
is
not
black
and
write
anymore.
3.（2017?新课标卷III）The
Yellowstone
wolf
project
has
been
a
valuable
experiment
to
help
biologists
decide
_________
to
reintroduce
wolves
to
other
parts
of
the
country
as
well.
4.（2017?北京卷）What
could
be
more
fun
than
a
gift
that
keeps
coming
through
the
letterbox
every
month?
5．This
painting
is
splendid,
but
________
we
actually
need
it
is
a
different
matter.
6．Part
of
the
reason
Charles
Dickens
loved
his
own
novel,
David
Copperfield,
was
________
it
was
rather
closely
modeled
on
his
own
life.
7．Cindy
shut
the
door
heavily
and
burst
into
tears.
No
one
in
the
office
knew
________
she
was
so
angry.
8．—I
prefer
shutting
myself
in
and
listening
to
music
all
day
on
Sundays.
—That's
________
I
don't
agree.
You
should
have
a
more
active
life.
9．—Have
you
finished
the
book?
—No.
I've
read
up
to
________
the
children
discover
the
secret
cave.
10．He
often
thinks
of
________
he
can
do
more
for
the
four
modernizations.
Ⅱ.
将下列句子改为含有名词性从句的复合句
1．English
is
being
accepted
as
an
international
language．It
is
a
fact．
_________________________________________________
2．It
is
generally
considered
unwise
to
give
a
child
everything
he
or
she
wants．
_________________________________________________
3．It
used
to
be
a
quiet
village．I
still
remember
that
time．
_________________________________________________
4．He
is
said
to
go
abroad
and
marry
an
American
girl
next
week．
_________________________________________________
5．He
should
report
this
accident
to
the
police
at
once．This
is
my
suggestion．
_________________________________________________
Ⅲ.
单句改错
1.
After
looking
at
the
toy
for
some
time，he
turned
around
and
found
where
his
parents
were
missing.
2.
Whoever
was
responsible
for
the
accident
is
not
yet
clear.
3.
We
never
doubt
whether
he
is
honest.
4.
If
she
comes
or
not
doesn’t
concern
me.
5.
I
feel
it
a
terrible
thing
which
my
mother
should
have
to
toil
so
endlessly.
6.
The
fact
is
what
he
didn’t
notice
the
car
until
too
late.
7.
The
reason
why
he
was
late
was
because
he
didn’t
catch
the
early
bus.
8.
Your
brother’s
health
is
not
which
it
used
to
be.
9.
Obviously
there
was
little
probability
which
they
would
succeed，but
they
didn’t
mind.
10.
The
proposal
has
been
put
forward
what
the
flight
should
be
cancelled.
题组二
真题在线
1.(2018·北京)
This
is
_________
my
father
has
taught
me—to
always
face
difficulties
and
hope
for
the
best.
A.
how
B.
which
C.
that
D.
what
2.(2018·江苏)
By
boat
is
the
only
way
to
get
here,
which
is
_______
we
arrived.
A.
where
B.
when
C.
why
D.
how
3.（2017·北京）Every
year,
______
makes
the
most
beautiful
kite
will
win
a
prize
in
the
Kite
Festival.
A.
whatever
B.
whoever
C.
whomever
D.
whichever
4.（2017·北京）Jane
moved
aimlessly
down
the
tree-lined
street,
not
knowing
______she
was
heading.
A.
why
B.
where
C.
how
D.
when
5.（2017·天津）She
asked
me
_______
I
had
returned
the
books
to
the
library,
and
I
admitted
that
I
hadn’t.
A.
when
B.
where
C.
whether
D.
what
6.（2017·江苏）We
choose
this
hotel
because
the
price
for
a
night
here
is
down
to
$20,
half
of
_______
it
used
to
charge.
A.
that
B.
which
C.
what
D.
how
7.（2016·北京）Your
support
is
important
to
our
work.
________
you
can
do
helps.
A.
However
B.
Whoever
C.
Whatever
D.
Wherever
8.（2016·北京）The
most
pleasant
thing
of
the
rainy
season
is
________
one
can
be
entirely
free
from
dust.
A.
what
B.
that
C.
whether
D.
why
9.（2016·江苏）It
is
often
the
case
______anything
is
possible
for
those
who
hang
on
to
hope.
A.why
B.what
C.as
D.that
10.（2016·天津）The
manager
put
forward
a
suggestion
____
we
should
have
an
assistant.
There
is
too
much
work
to
do.
A.
whether
B.
that
C.
which
D.
what
11.（2016·天津）The
manager
put
forward
a
suggestion
____
we
should
have
an
assistant.
There
is
too
much
work
to
do.
A.
whether
B.
that
C.
which
D.
what
题组三
名校模拟
Ⅰ.
单项填空
1.
I
never
suspected
for
a
minute
that
you
should
doubt
my
original
intentions,
and
is
this
________
you
reward
me
for
my
help?
A.how
B.why
C.what
D.whether
2.
Mother
suggests
I
should
collect
the
old
clothes
and
give
them
to
________
needs
them.
A.whoever
B.whatever
C.whichever
D.wherever
3.
She
asked
me
________
I
had
returned
the
books
to
the
library,
and
I
admitted
that
I
hadn’t.
A.when
B.where
C.whether
D.what
4.
Vautrin
guarded
the
college
with
the
motto:
"
________
wants
to
go
through
this
gate
will
have
to
do
so
over
my
dead
body."
A.Who
B.Whom
C.Whoever
D.Whomever
5.
All
the
students
came
to
realize
that
it
made
a
difference
in
their
daily
life
________
they
took
an
active
part
in
after-class
activities.
A.how
B.that
C.where
D.whether
6.
After
I
went
up
to
receive
the
award,
I
overheard
someone
whispering
________
the
girl
was
so
excellent
that
she
deserved
it.
A.what
B.how
C.whom
D.that
7.
—Mary,
are
you
used
to
the
life
here?
—Yes.
But
at
the
beginning,
I
didn’t
imagine
________
tough
it
was
to
start
a
new
life
in
a
strange
country.
A.that
B.what
C.how
D.where
8.
Once
away
from
his
parents,
the
young
man
was
at
a
loss
as
to
________
the
future
has
in
store
for
him.
A.who
B.that
C.what
D.where
9.
When
it
comes
to
"home",
most
people
would
feel
a
sense
of
warmth
because
it's
________
we
can
get
unconditional
tolerance,
acceptance
and
love.
A.how
B.that
C.what
D.where
10.
He
did
not
see
the
film
last
night.
That
is
________
he
had
to
help
his
little
sister
with
her
homework.
A.why
B.how
C.that
D.because
11.
We
all
become
delighted
at
the
news
________
more
than
10,000
new
books
will
be
introduced
in
our
school
library
next
month.
A.what
B.that
C.which
D.whether
12.
The
current
personnel
allocation
is
based
on
the
assumption
________
the
economy
in
our
country
will
still
develop
at
a
normal
rate
next
year.
A.how
B.that
C.what
D.whether
Ⅱ.语篇填空
I
am
going
to
tell
you
an
unbelievable
thing
__1__happened
in
my
restaurant
today.
This
afternoon
a
poorly－dressed
gentleman
came
into
my
restaurant.
Nobody
knew
__2__he
was.
We
wondered
__3__he
was
so
hungry.
We
were
surprised
__4__he
finished
two
orders
of
food
in
a
very
limited
time.We
doubted
__5__the
man
was
able
to
pay
the
bill.
The
gentleman
asked
__6__we
would
mind
waiting
for
just
a
few
minutes.
Then
we
were
shocked
to
see__7__he
took
out
of
an
envelope—a
million
pound
bank
note.
I
asked
Mr.
Clements__8__it
was
genuine.
Mr.Clements
said
it
was
true
because
two
of
this
amount
had
been
issued
by
the
Bank
of
England
this
year.
He
thought
__9__the
gentleman
showed
them
couldn’t
be
a
fake.
__10__a
gentleman
with
a
million
pound
note
was
in
rags
and
ate
in
our
small
restaurant
was
a
big
puzzle
to
all
the
people
there.
I
really
couldn’t
describe
how
excited
I
was.
名词性从句练习题
第一部分：基础题
1.
_______
makes
this
shop
different
is
that
it
offers
more
personal
services.
（2006年辽宁省高考题）
A.
What
B.
Who
C.
Whatever
D.
Whoever
2.
—It’s
thirty
years
since
we
last
met.
—But
I
still
remember
the
story,
believe
it
or
not,
______
we
got
lost
on
a
rainy
night.（2006年四川省高考题）
A.
which
B.
that
C.
what
D.
when
3.
See
the
flags
on
top
of
the
building?
That
was
_______
we
did
this
morning.（2006年全国I高考题）
A.
when
B.
which
C.
where
D.
What
4.
—Could
you
do
me
a
favor?
—It
depends
on
_______
it
is.
（2006年北京高考题）
A.
which
B.
whichever
C.
what
D.
whatever
5.
These
shoes
look
very
good.
I
wonder
_______.
（2006年上海春季高考题）
A.
how
much
cost
they
are
B.
how
much
do
they
cost
C.
how
much
they
cost
D.
how
much
are
they
cost
6.
Doris'
success
lies
in
the
fact
_______
she
is
co-operative
and
eager
to
learn
from
others.（2006年上海春季高考题）
A.
which
B.
that
C.
when
D.
why
7.
Mary
wrote
an
article
on
_______
the
team
had
failed
to
win
the
game.
（2005年全国I高考题）
A.
why
B.
what
C.
who
D.
that
8.
Do
you
have
any
idea
_______
is
actually
going
on
in
the
classroom?
（2005年辽宁省高考题）
A.
that
B.
what
C.
as
D.
which
9.
—Why
does
she
always
ask
you
for
help?
—There
is
no
one
else
_______,
is
there?
（2005年北京高考题）
A.
who
to
turn
to
B.
she
can
turn
to
C.
for
whom
to
turn
D.
for
her
to
turn
10.
Elephants
have
their
own
way
to
tell
the
shape
of
an
object
and
_______
it
is
rough
or
smooth.（2005年天津高考题）
A.
/
B.
whether
C.
how
D.
what
11.
Danny
left
word
with
my
secretary
_______
he
would
call
again
in
the
afternoon.
（2005年浙江省高考题）
A.
who
B.
that
C.
as
D.
which
12.
Mum
is
coming.
What
present
_______
for
your
birthday?
（2005年福建省高考题）
A.
you
expect
she
has
got
B.
you
expect
has
she
got
C.
do
you
expect
she
has
got
D.
do
you
expect
has
she
got
13.
The
way
he
did
it
was
different
________
we
were
used
to.
（2005年江西省高考题）
A.
in
which
B.
in
what
C.
from
what
D.
from
which
14.
Great
changes
have
taken
place
in
that
school.
It
is
no
longer
_______
it
was
20
years
ago,
_______
it
was
so
poorly
equipped.
（2005年安徽省高考题）
A.
what;
when
B.
that;
which
C.
what;
which
D.
which;
that
15.
Some
researchers
believe
that
there
is
no
doubt
________
a
cure
for
AIDS
will
be
found.（2005年广东省高考题）
A.
which
B.
that
C.
what
D.
whether
第二部分：强化题
1.
We
haven’t
settled
the
question
of
_______
it
is
necessary
for
him
to
study
abroad.（2006年江苏省高考题）
A.
if
B.
where
C.
whether
D.
that
2.
A
warm
thought
suddenly
came
to
me
_______I
might
use
the
pocket
money
to
buy
some
flowers
for
my
mother’s
birthday.（2006年安徽省高考题）
A.
if
B.
when
C.
that
D.
which
3.
There
is
much
chance
_______
Bill
will
recover
from
his
injury
in
time
for
the
race.（2006年天津高考题）
A.
that
B.
which
C.
until
D.
if
4.
Please
remind
me
_______
he
said
he
was
going.
I
may
be
in
time
to
see
him
off.（2006年全国I高考题）
A.
where
B.
when
C.
how
D.
what
5.
We
saw
several
natives
advancing
towards
our
party,
and
one
of
them
came
up
to
us.
_______
we
gave
some
bells
and
glasses.
（2006年湖南省高考题）
A.
to
which
B.
to
whom
C.
with
whom
D.
with
which
6.
With
his
work
completed,
the
businessman
stepped
back
to
his
seat,
feeling
pleased
_______
he
was
a
man
of
action.
（2006年湖南省高考题）
A.
which
B.
that
C.
what
D.
whether
7.
_______
team
wins
on
Saturday
will
go
through
to
the
national
championships.
（2006年山东省高考题）
A.
No
matter
what
B.
No
matter
which
C.
Whatever
D.
Whichever
8.
I
just
wonder
that
makes
him
so
excited.
（2006年山东省高考题）
A.
why
it
does
B.
what
he
does
C.
how
it
is
D.
what
it
is
9.
_______
is
our
belief
that
improvements
in
health
care
will
lead
to
a
stronger
,
more
prosperous
economy.
（2006年浙江省高考题）
A.
As
B.
That
C.
This
D.
It
10.
Nobody
believed
his
reason
for
being
absent
form
the
class
_______
he
had
to
meet
his
uncle
at
the
airport.
（2006年重庆高考题）
A.
why
B.
that
C.
where
D.
because
11.
The
shopkeeper
did
not
want
to
sell
for
_______
he
thought
was
not
enough.
（2005年山东省高考题）
A.
where
B.
how
C.
what
D.
which
12.
He
noticed
that
the
straight
part
of
the
dance
was
different
in
the
afternoon
from
_______
it
had
been
in
the
morning.
（2006年宜昌市模拟题）
A.
that
B.
where
C.
what
D.
which
13.
I’d
like
to
work
with
_______
is
honest
and
easy
to
get
on
with.
(2006年山东模拟题)
A.
who
B.
whoever
C.
whomever
D.
no
matter
who
14.
When
you
are
reading,
make
a
note
of
_______
you
think
is
of
great
importance.
（2006年东北八校联考题）
A.
which
B.
that
C.
what
D.
when
15.
—Can
we
get
everything
ready
by
the
weekend?
—It
all
depends
on
_______
we
can
get
Mr.
Green’s
cooperation.
（2006年如东中学模拟题）
A.
that
B.
what
C.
whether
D.
if
考点详解
考向1
主语从句
主语从句的规律
规律一、主语从句一律用陈述语序，即主语在前，谓语在后。
例1.When
will
he
come
is
not
known.
正：When
he
will
come
is
not
known.
规律二、连词that
在从句中无实际意义，但不能省略。
例2.
He
will
not
come
to
the
meeting
this
evening
is
true.
正：That
he
will
not
come
to
the
meeting
this
evening
is
true.
规律三、whether
可以引导主语从句，放在句首，但if不能
例3.
If
the
meeting
will
be
put
off
has
not
been
decided
yet.
正：
Whether
the
meeting
will
be
put
off
has
not
been
decided
yet.
规律四、主语从句的谓语动词多用单数第三人称形式。
例4.
When
he
will
come
are
a
puzzle.
正：When
he
will
come
is
a
puzzle.
考向2
表语从句
考向3
宾语从句
考向4
同位语从句
难点剖析
检测训练解密09名词性从句
【命题解读】
1.了解名词性从句的基本用法，掌握名词性从句的引导词及引导词在名词性从句中的作用，辨析that与what,if
与whether等引导词的用法。
2.明确it作形式主语和形式宾语、代替主语从句及宾语从句的用法，及其与强调句的区别。
3.区分that引导的同位语从句及定语从句。
【命题预测】
预计今后高考对名词性从句的考查仍然不会单纯地考查其语法结构，而是将其融入一定的语境中来考查考生的实际综合运用能力。
【复习建议】
1.
掌握宾语从句的用法；
2.
了解同位语从句的用法；
3.
掌握表语从句的用法；
4.
掌握主语从句的用法；
5.
如何正确选择引导词。
主语从句是在复合句中担任主语的句子。其特点有：
（1）引导词：
从属连词
that,
whether；
连接代词
who,
what,
which；
whoever,
whatever,
whichever;
连接副词
when,
where,
how和why。
（2）语序：陈述句语序
（3）在主语从句中只能用whether,不能用if
That
he
will
win
the
match
is
certain.
It
is
certain
that
he
will
win
the
match.
1.
一般来说主语从句都是放在句首，但有时为了使句子保持平衡，避免"头重脚轻",常用it
作形式主语，从
而把主语从句放后面。常以it作形式主语的句型有：
①It
is＋形容词＋that...
?It
is
certain
that
she
will
do
well
in
her
exam．
毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。
②It
is＋名词词组(no
wonder，an
honour，a
good
thing，a
pity，no
surprise，common
knowledge，a
surprise，
a
fact，etc．)＋that...
?It’s
a
pity
that
we
can’t
go．
很遗憾我们不能去。
③It
is＋过去分词(said，reported，thought，expected，decided，announced，arranged，etc．)＋that...
?It
has
been
suggested
that
much
should
be
done
to
prevent
the
river
from
being
polluted．
有人建议应做更多的工作阻止河流遭受污染。
④It
appears/seems
that...|It
happens
that...|It
occurred
to
me
that...|It
turned
out
that...
?It
turned
out
that
nobody
remembered
the
address．
结果发现没人记得这地址。
⑤It
doesn’t
matter
that...|It
makes
no
difference
that...
?It
doesn’t
matter
whether
she
will
come
or
not．
她是否来这无关紧要。
2.
当that引导的主语从句出现在疑问句中时，要以it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。
?Does
it
matter
much
that
they
will
not
come
tomorrow？
他们明天不来很要紧吗？
3.
当主语从句出现在感叹句中时，要以it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。
?How
strange
it
is
that
the
children
are
so
quiet！孩子们这么安静真奇怪！
1.（2020.江苏卷.单项填空）It
is
not
a
problem
_____
we
can
win
the
battle;
it’s
just
a
matter
of
time.
A.
whether
B.
why
C.
when
D.
where
【答案】A
【解析】考查主语从句。句意:我们能否打赢这场战斗不是问题；这只是时间问题。A.
whether是否；B.
why为什么；C.
when什么时候；D.
where在哪里。根据下文it’s
just
a
matter
of
time可知，此处指”我们能否打赢这场战斗不是问题”，it是形式主语，whether引导的从句是真正的主语。故选A。
2.
(2018·天津卷·单项填空)The
gold
medal
will
be
awarded
___________to
wins
the
first
place
in
the
bicycle
race.
A.
whomever
B.
wherever
C.
whoever
D.
whatever
【参考答案】C
【答案解析】考查名词性从句连接词。句意：无论谁获得自行车比赛第一名，金牌将授予他。分析句子可知，宾语从句中缺少主语，故用whoever，表示“任何人，无论谁”。故选C。
3.（2017·北京卷·单项填空）Every
year,
_______
makes
the
most
beautiful
kite
will
win
a
prize
in
the
Kite
Festival.
A.
whatever
B.
whoever
C.
whomever
D.
whichever
【参考答案】B
【答案解析】考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，________
makes
the
most
beautiful
kite作主语，且所填词指人，既作从句的主语又作主句的主语，所以选
whoever(whomever不能作主语)。句意：每年，
在风筝节上风筝做得最漂亮的人都会赢得奖品。
4.（2016·江苏卷·单项填空）It
is
often
the
case
____________
anything
is
possible
for
those
who
hang
on
to
hope.
A.
why
B.
what
C.
as
D.
that
【参考答案】D
【答案解析】考查主语从句。本句中it是形式主语，真正的主语是连接词that引导的主语从句，连接词that在本句中不充当任何成分，只是一个引导词而已，不能省略。连接副词why要在句中作状语，连接代词what通常在句中作主语、宾语或表语等；as通常不引导名词性从句。句意：对于那些心存希望的人一切皆可能是事实。故D正确。
【归纳总结】
表语从句放在连系动词之后，充当复合句中的表语。
一、引导表语从句的关联词的种类：
1.
可接表语从句的连系动词有be，look，seem，sound，appear等。
?China
is
no
longer
what
she
used
to
be.
今日的中国不再是过去的中国了。
?The
question
remains
whether
they
will
be
able
to
help
us.
问题还是他们能否帮我们。
?At
that
time，it
seemed
as
if
I
couldn't
think
of
the
right
word.
当时，我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来。
2.
从属连词whether，as，as
if
/
though引导的表语从句。
?He
looked
just
as
he
had
looked
ten
years
before.
他看起来还与十年前一样。
?It
sounds
as
if
someone
is
knocking
at
the
door.
听起来好像有人在敲门。
3.
because，why引导的表语从句。
?That's
because
he
didn't
understand
me.
那是因为他没有理解我。（That's
because...强调原因）
?That's
why
he
got
angry
with
me.
那正是他对我生气的原因。（That's
why...强调结果）
4.
连接代词who，whom，whose，what，which，whoever，whatever，whichever
连接副词
where，when，how，why
?The
problem
is
who
we
can
get
to
replace
her.
问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。
?The
question
is
how
he
did
it.
问题是他是如何做此事的。
?That
was
what
she
did
this
morning
on
reaching
the
attic.
那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。
5.
从属连词that
?The
trouble
is
that
I
have
lost
his
address.
麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。
【归纳拓展】
学习表语从句应该注意以下几点。
(1)通常只用that引导表语从句的情况。
①句子的主语为the
reason时，表语从句采用that引导，表示原因，此时不用because。
?The
reason
why
she
was
ill
was
that
she
had
eaten
bad
meat．
她生病的原因是她吃了变质的肉。
②句子的主语为the
result时，表语从句采用that引导。
?The
result
is
that
many
of
them
become
fat．
结果是他们中许多人发胖了。
③由why引导的从句作主语时。
?Why
we
decided
to
put
off
the
match
is
that
the
weather
was
too
terrible．
我们决定推迟比赛的原因是天气太糟糕了。
(2)as
if/though引导的表语从句通常置于系动词look，seem，sound，be等后面；表语从句既可以采用虚拟语
气，也可采用直陈语气。
①It
sounded
as
if
somebody
was
knocking
at/on
the
door．听起来好像有人在敲门。
②She
treats
him
as
if
he
were
a
stranger．她待他如陌生人。
1.(2018·北京卷·单项填空)
Without
his
support,
we
wouldn’t
be
_________
we
are
now.
A.
how
B.
when
C.
where
D.
why
【参考答案】C
【答案解析】考查名词性从句。句意：没有他的支持，我们是不会在现在这个位置的。how表方式，when表时间，where表地点，why表原因。“_________
we
are
now”是表语从句，结合句子的意思可知，该处指我们所处的位置，故该从句应用where引导。C选项正确。
2.（2016·北京卷·单项填空）
The
most
pleasant
thing
of
the
rainy
season
is
________
one
can
be
entirely
free
from
dust.
A.
what
B.
that
C.
whether
D.
why
【参考答案】
B
【试题解析】
考查表语从句。句意：雨季最令人愉悦的就是人们可以完全不再受到灰尘的困扰。is后跟从句作表语，即表语从句，表语从句不缺少主语、谓语和宾语，因此用that，that只起引导作用，故选B。
【难点梳理】
引导宾语从句的连接词主要有：
连接词：that，whether，if等
连接代词：what，who，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever等
连接副词：when，where，why，how等
1.
连接词that，whether，if引导
?I
think
(that)
you
should
turn
to
the
teacher
for
help.
我认为你应该向老师寻求帮助。
?I
don’t
know
if/whether
he
still
lives
here
after
so
many
years.
我不知道这么多年后他是否还住在这儿。
注意：whether/if都意为＂是否＂。一般情况下，它们可以互换，口语中常用if，但以下情况中，只能用whether。（1）与or
not紧接连用时。
?Let
me
know
whether
or
not
you
can
come.
请让我知道你是否能来。（2）作介词的宾语从句时。
?We
are
interested
in
whether
you
will
attend
the
meeting.
我们对你是否参加会议感兴趣。
2.
连接代词what，who，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever等引导
?She
asked
me
whose
handwriting
was
the
best
in
the
class.
她问我班上谁的书法最好。
?I’ll
just
say
whatever
comes
into
my
mind.
我想到什么就说什么。
3.
连接副词when，where，why，how等引导
?Do
you
know
when
the
ancient
Olympic
Games
began?
你知道古代的奥运会是什么时间开始的吗?
?I’ve
been
thinking
about
how
we
can
make
the
newspaper
more
interesting.
我一直在考虑如何使我们的报纸更用趣。
4.
宾语从句的语序
在宾语从句中要用陈述句语序。
?He
asked
me
when
we
could
set
out
the
next
day.
他问我第二天什么时候可以出发。
?Did
you
find
out
where
she
lost
her
car?
你查出她在哪里丢的车了吗?
5.
宾语从句的时态
（1）当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时时，其宾语从句的时态可以是任何适当的时态。
?She
says
(that)
she
works
from
Monday
to
Friday.
她说她周一至周五上班。(从句是一般现在时)
?she
says
(that)
she
will
leave
a
message
on
his
desk.
她说她要在他桌子上留个便条。(从句是一般将来时)
?She
says
(that)
she
has
never
been
to
Mount
Emei.
她说她从来没有去过峨眉山。(从句是现在完成时)
（2）当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时时，其宾语从句的时态一般要用适当的过去时态。
?He
said
there
were
no
classes
yesterday
afternoon.
他说昨天下午没有课。(从句是一般过去时)
?He
said
that
he
was
going
to
take
care
of
the
baby.
他说他会去照看这个婴儿。(从句是过去将来时)
?He
said
that
they
were
having
a
meeting
at
that
time.
他说他们那时正在开会。(从句是过去进行时)
（3）当宾语从句是表达客观真理和规律的句子时，其时态仍旧用一般现在时。
?The
teacher
told
us
that
nothing
is
difficult
if
we
put
our
hearts
into
it.
老师告诉我们世上无难事，只怕有心人。
?He
said
that
light
travels
much
faster
than
sound.
他说光比声音传播得快。
注意：学习宾语从句应该注意以下几点。
(1)引导宾语从句的连词that一般可以省略，但是在及物动词之后跟有两个或两个以上的宾语从句时，只有
第一个that可以省略。
?Glancing
at
her
scornfully，he
told
her(that)
the
dress
was
sold．
他轻蔑地看了她一眼，告诉她说那件衣服卖了。
?The
teacher
said
(that)
the
text
was
very
important
and
that
we
should
learn
it
by
heart．
老师说课文非常重要，我们应该背下来。
(2)表示＂心理活动＂的形容词：afraid，anxious，aware，ashamed，annoyed，certain，confident，content，
convinced，determined，disappointed，glad，happy，proud，pleased，sure，surprised，satisfied，thankful，
worried等可以后接宾语从句。
?He
was
afraid
that
he
would
lose．他担心会输。
?I
am
sure
that
I
put
the
money
in
the
box．我肯定把钱放在盒子里了。
(3)若主句谓语动词为think，consider，suppose，believe，expect，fancy，guess，imagine等，其后的宾语从
句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式，这种现象称为＂否定转移＂
现象(此时主语往往为第一人称，偶尔为第三人称；否定词never，seldom，hardly，little无此用法)。
?I
don’t
think
his
decision
is
wise
in
reality．实际上，我觉得他的决定并不明智。
?I
don’t
believe
that
he
is
a
dishonest
man．我认为他是个诚实的人。
(4)在think，believe，imagine，suppose，guess，hope等动词以及I’m
afraid之后，可以采用so代替一个肯
定的宾语从句，也可以采用not代替否定的宾语从句。
?—Do
you
believe
the
news
stories？＂你相信这个新闻故事吗？＂
—I
believe
so．＂我相信。＂
?—Has
Anne
got
into
university？＂安妮上大学了吗？＂
—I
am
afraid
not．＂恐怕是没有。＂
【巧学妙记】
宾语从句的用法速记口诀宾语从句须注意，几点事项应牢记。一是关键引导词，不同句子词相异。陈述句子用that；一般疑问是否（if，whether）替；特殊问句更好办，引导还用疑问词。二是时态常变化，主句不同从句异。主句若为现在时，从句时态应看意；主句若为过去时，从句时态向前移。
三是语序要记清，从句永保陈述序。
1.（2020.天津卷二.单项填空）
My
grandmother
helped
me
believe
that
I
could
accomplish
____________
I
put
my
mind
to.
A.
whenever
B.
whatever
C.
wherever
D.
whichever
【答案】B
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：我的祖母让我相信，我可以完成任何我专心去做的事情。A.
whenever无论何时；B.
whatever
无论什么，任何；C.
wherever无论何地；D.
whichever无论哪一个。分析句子可知，此处是宾语从句连接词，从句缺少宾语，应用连接代词，再结合句意，此处用“任何”符合语境，故选B项。
2.（2018·全国新课标卷II·短文改错）The
games
my
parents
taught
me
where
I
was
a
child
turned
out
to
be
very
useful
later
in
my
life.
【参考答案】where改为when
【答案解析】考查宾语从句的连接词。句意：当我是个孩子的时候我父母教给我的纸牌游戏在我日后的生活中证明非常有用。宾语从句连接词并不是表示地点状语，而是时间状语。故把where改为when。
3.（2018·全国新课标卷III·语法填空）I'm
not
sure
_____61_____
is
more
frightened,
me
or
the
female
gorilla(大猩猩）that
suddenly
appears
out
of
nowhere.
I'm
walking
on
a
path
in
the
forest
in
the
Central
African
Republic.
【参考答案】which/who
【答案解析】考查宾语从句。句意：我不确定哪一个更害怕，我，还是突然出现的雌性大猩猩。此处为宾语从句，空格处表示选择，所以用which或者who”
4.
(2017·天津卷·单项填空)
She
asked
me
________
I
had
returned
the
books
to
the
library,
and
I
admitted
that
I
hadn't.
A.
when
B.
where
C.
whether
D.
what
【参考答案】C
【答案解析】考查宾语从句。根据“…I
admitted
that
I
hadn't.”可知书还没还给图书馆，因此此处问的是是否(whether)已经还了。故选C项。句意：她问我是否已将那些书还给了图书馆，我承认没还。
5.（2016·全国新课标卷I·短文改错）My
uncle
is
the
owner
of
a
restaurant
close
to
that
I
live.
【参考答案】that
→
where
【答案解析】考查宾语从句的引导词。介词后面的宾语从句缺少状语，根据句意判断此处表示地点。故把that改为where。
在复合句中用作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。同位语从句是名词性从句的一种。它一般放在fact,
news,
idea,
truth,
hope,
problem,
information,
belief,
thought,
doubt,
promise,
question等抽象名词的后面，对前面的名词作进一步的解释，说明前面名词的具体含义。
1.
同位语从句的引导词选择原则
that
只起连词作用，无任何含义，一般不省略
whether
是否
when
什么时候
where
什么地点
how
什么方式
?The
hope
that
he
may
recover
is
not
gone
yet.他不是没有恢复的希望。
?The
problem
whether
we
should
continue
to
do
the
experiment
has
been
solved.
我们是否继续做这个实验的问题已经被解决。
2.
同位语从句的几种特殊情况
（1）当主句的谓语较短，而同位语从句较长时，同位语从句常后置。
?The
story
goes
that
William
Tell
killed
the
king
with
an
arrow.
故事是这样的：威廉姆特尔用一支利箭杀死了国王。
（2）表示“命令、建议、要求”的名词order,
demand,
suggestion等后接同位语从句时，从句的谓语要用虚拟语气，即“should＋动词原形”，should可省略。
?The
suggestion
that
everyone
(should)
make
efforts
to
beautify
our
campus
is
necessary.
每个人都应尽力来美化校园的建议是有必要的。
3.
同位语从句和定语从句的区别
同位语从句
定语从句
功能不同
对名词加以补充说明
与先行词是修饰与被修饰的关系，起连接作用
that
不作成分；起连接作用，不可省略
作主语或宾语，起连接作用；并且作从句的宾语时可省略
whether/how
不作成分；起连接作用“是否”；“如何”
不引导定语从句
wh?words
作成分；起连接作用；有自己的含义，但与先行词之间无关
作成分；起连接作用；没有自己的含义，但是代替先行词在从句中作成分
?The
news
that
Mr.
Li
will
be
our
new
English
teacher
is
true.
李先生将是我们的新英语老师这个消息是真的。(同位语从句，that不可省略)
?The
news
(that)
he
told
me
yesterday
is
true.
他昨天告诉我的消息是真的。(定语从句，that在从句中作宾语，可省略)
1.
（2019·江苏卷·单项填空）Scientists
have
obtained
more
evidence
___________
plastic
is
finding
its
way
into
the
human
body.
A.
what
B.
that
C.
which
D.
where
【参考答案】B
【试题分析】考查同位语从句。句意：科学家已经获得更多证据，塑料正在进入人们的体内。从句不缺句子成分，且与evidence指代的是同一事件，用that引导同位语从句。故选B。
【正确答案】
B
2.
The
only
way
to
succeed
at
the
highest
level
is
to
have
total
belief
you
are
better
than
anyone
else
on
the
sports
field.
A.
how
??
B.
that
B.
C.
which
D.
whether
【参考答案】B
【答案解析】
句意：最高水平成功的唯一途径是得有一个总的信念，那就是在运动场上你比任何人都强。分析句子结构可知＂__________
you
are
better
than
anyone
else
on
the
sports
field＂是同位语从句，对belief进行解释说明，从句不缺句子成分，故用连接词that引导，答案为B。
3.
News
came
from
the
school
office
______
Wang
Lin
had
been
admitted
to
Peking
University.
A.
which
?????????
B.
that
?
C.
what?
??????????
D.
where
【参考答案】B
【答案解析】考查同位语从句。本题属于分割式同位语从句，谓语came较短，同位语从句较长，名词和同位语从句被from
the
school
office
分开，that
引导同位语从句Wang
Lin
had
been
admitted
to
Beijing
University解释news的内容，在句中起引导作用，没有具体的意思。故选B。
名词性从句考点归纳：
1．名词性从句必须采用陈述语序。
①I
want
to
know
what
he
has
told
you．我想知道他告诉了你什么。
②She
always
thinks
of
how
she
can
work
well．她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。
2．it充当形式主语或宾语：
在名词性从句中，为了使句子保持平衡，常用先行词it来代替主语从句或宾语从句，而把主语从句或宾语从句放到后面，尤其是连词that引导的主语从句常用于此句式中。
①It
is
known
to
us
how
he
became
a
writer．我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。
②I
find
it
strange
that
she
doesn’t
want
to
travel．她竟不想旅游，我觉得很奇怪。
3．在名词性从句中
that与what的差异：
what在从句中要充当某个成分(主语、宾语或表语)，在任何情况下都不能省略，表示＂(＝the
thing
or
things
that...；
whatever)……的事物；
无论什么；凡是……的事物＂。that本身没有词汇意义，在从句中不充当任何成分，在口语和非正式文件中，宾语从句中的that常常省略。
①What
you
have
done
might
do
harm
to
others．你所做的事或许对别人有害处。
②I
spent
what
little
time
I
had
with
my
family．我仅有的一点儿时间都和家人在一起度过了。
③No
one
knows
what
will
happen
next．谁也不知道下一步有什么事。
④I
think(that)
you
will
like
the
stamps．我认为你会喜欢这些邮票的。
4．whether和if的差异：
（1）引导主语从句、表语从句或同位语从句，只能采用whether。
?Whether
there
is
life
on
the
moon
is
an
interesting
question．
月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。
（2）介词宾语只用whether引导。
?He
was
worrying
about
whether
he
had
hurt
her
feeling．
他焦虑地想知道是否伤害了她的感情。
（3）当whether引导的宾语从句位于句首表示强调时，不能被if替换。
?Whether
he
will
come
or
not，I
am
not
sure．我无法确认他是否会来。
（4）whether经常与or
not
直接连用，构成whether
or
not。
?I
don’t
know
whether
or
not
he’ll
come．我不知道他是来还是不来。
（5）后接动词不定式时只能用whether。
?Can
you
tell
me
whether
to
go
or
to
stay？你能否告诉我是去还是留？
（6）动词discuss后面只能接whether引导的宾语从句。
?We
discussed
whether
we
should
close
the
shop．我们讨论我们是否关闭这家商店。
5．宾语从句和主句的时态呼应：
（1）当主句谓语动词为现在时态或将来时态时，宾语从句可以选择适当的时态。
?Will
you
tell
me
how
I
can
keep
fit？能告诉我如何保持健康吗？
（2）当主句谓语动词为过去时态时，为保持时态一致，宾语从句应采用相应的过去时态。
?Jack
told
me
that
he
had
been
there
twice．杰克告诉我他去过那儿两次了。
（3）当主句谓语为过去时态时，宾语从句表示客观真理、客观存在的事物、格言时，仍然采用一般现在时。
?Long
ago，people
knew
that
there
are
four
seasons
in
a
year．
很久以前，人们就知道一年有四个季节。
6．连接代词whoever，whatever，whichever引导名词性从句的含义：
（1）whoever的用法：
①(＝the
person
or
people
who...)……的那个人
?Whoever
said
that？到底谁讲的这话？
②(＝any
person
who...)……的任何一个人
?Tell
whoever
you
like；
it
makes
no
difference
to
me．
你愿意告诉谁就告诉谁——对我来说都无所谓。
（2）whatever的用法：
①(＝any
or
every)任何；每一
?Take
whatever
action
is
needed．采取任何必要的措施。
②(＝anything
or
everything)任何事物；一切事物
?You
must
do
whatever
is
best
for
you．什么对你最有利你就得做什么。
③(表示做什么或发生什么都没关系，因为结果都一样)无论什么，不管什么
?You
have
our
support，whatever
you
decide．
不管你做何决定，都会得到我们的支持。
（3）whichever的用法：
①(表示什么特征或品质在作决定时重要)……的那个；……的那些
?Take
whichever
hat
suits
you
best．挑个最适合你戴的帽子。
②无论哪个；无论哪些
?Whichever
of
you
comes
in
will
receive
a
prize．
你们当中不论哪个进来将会得到奖励。
7．虚拟语气结构在名词性从句中的应用：
（1）主语从句
?It
is
necessary
that
he(should)come
to
see
us．他有必要来看望我们。
（2）宾语从句
?The
teacher
suggested
that
we(should)have
a
rest．老师建议我们休息一会儿。
（3）表语从句
?My
suggestion
is
that
we(should)read
English
newspapers
to
improve
our
English．
我的建议是我们应该阅读英文报纸来提高我们的英语水平。
8．it作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较
it作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都用连词that，被强调部分指人时也可用who/whom。
①It’s
a
pity
that
he
missed
the
opportunity
to
travel
abroad．
他错过了去国外旅游的机会，真是可惜。
②Who
was
it
that
won
the
World
Cup
in
2014？谁赢得了2014年的世界杯？
题组一
基础过关
I.
用适当的连接词填空
1.（2017?新课标卷I）The
homeowner
called
to
say
________
the
parents
had
responded
to
the
recordings..
2.（2017?新课标卷I）What
I’m
hoping
to
accomplish
is
________
my
generation
and
younger
start
to
reconsider
and
understand
_________
jazz
is
not
black
and
write
anymore.
3.（2017?新课标卷III）The
Yellowstone
wolf
project
has
been
a
valuable
experiment
to
help
biologists
decide
_________
to
reintroduce
wolves
to
other
parts
of
the
country
as
well.
4.（2017?北京卷）What
could
be
more
fun
than
a
gift
that
keeps
coming
through
the
letterbox
every
month?
5．This
painting
is
splendid,
but
________
we
actually
need
it
is
a
different
matter.
6．Part
of
the
reason
Charles
Dickens
loved
his
own
novel,
David
Copperfield,
was
________
it
was
rather
closely
modeled
on
his
own
life.
7．Cindy
shut
the
door
heavily
and
burst
into
tears.
No
one
in
the
office
knew
________
she
was
so
angry.
8．—I
prefer
shutting
myself
in
and
listening
to
music
all
day
on
Sundays.
—That's
________
I
don't
agree.
You
should
have
a
more
active
life.
9．—Have
you
finished
the
book?
—No.
I've
read
up
to
________
the
children
discover
the
secret
cave.
10．He
often
thinks
of
________
he
can
do
more
for
the
four
modernizations.
【答案】
1.
that
2.that;
that
3.
whether
4.
What;
that
5.whether
6.that
7.why
8.where
9.where
10.how
Ⅱ.
将下列句子改为含有名词性从句的复合句
1．English
is
being
accepted
as
an
international
language．It
is
a
fact．
_________________________________________________
2．It
is
generally
considered
unwise
to
give
a
child
everything
he
or
she
wants．
_________________________________________________
3．It
used
to
be
a
quiet
village．I
still
remember
that
time．
_________________________________________________
4．He
is
said
to
go
abroad
and
marry
an
American
girl
next
week．
_________________________________________________
5．He
should
report
this
accident
to
the
police
at
once．This
is
my
suggestion．
_________________________________________________
【答案】
1.
It
is
a
fact
that
English
is
being
accepted
as
an
international
language．
2.
It
is
generally
considered
unwise
to
give
a
child
whatever
he
or
she
wants．
3.
I
still
remember
when
it
used
to
be
a
quiet
village．
4.
It
is
said
that
he
will
go
abroad
and
marry
an
American
girl
next
week．
5.
My
suggestion
is
that
he
should
report
this
accident
to
the
police
at
once．
Ⅲ.
单句改错
1.
After
looking
at
the
toy
for
some
time，he
turned
around
and
found
where
his
parents
were
missing.
2.
Whoever
was
responsible
for
the
accident
is
not
yet
clear.
3.
We
never
doubt
whether
he
is
honest.
4.
If
she
comes
or
not
doesn’t
concern
me.
5.
I
feel
it
a
terrible
thing
which
my
mother
should
have
to
toil
so
endlessly.
6.
The
fact
is
what
he
didn’t
notice
the
car
until
too
late.
7.
The
reason
why
he
was
late
was
because
he
didn’t
catch
the
early
bus.
8.
Your
brother’s
health
is
not
which
it
used
to
be.
9.
Obviously
there
was
little
probability
which
they
would
succeed，but
they
didn’t
mind.
10.
The
proposal
has
been
put
forward
what
the
flight
should
be
cancelled.
【答案】
1.where→that
2.Whoever→Who
3.去掉whether
4.If→Whether
5.which→that
6.what→that
7.because→that
8.which→what
9.which→that
10.what→whether
题组二
真题在线
1.（2020.浙江卷.语法填空）.Over
thousands
of
years，they
began
to
depend
less
on
57.
could
be
hunted
or
gathered
from
the
wild，and
more
on
animals
they
had
raised
and
crops
they
had
sown.
【答案】what
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：在几千年的时间里，他们开始减少对我们从野外采集的猎物的依赖，而更多地依赖他们饲养的动物和播种的庄稼。分析句子，宾语从句部分缺主语，所以引导词应为“连接代词”。根据句意，此处缺“什么”之意。故填what。
2.（2020.天津卷二.单项填空）The
student
completed
this
experiment
to
make
come
true
______
Professor
Joseph
had
said.
A.
that
B.
what
C.
when
D.
where
【答案】B
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意:为了使约瑟夫教授所说的成为现实，这个学生完成了这个实验。_________
Professor
Joseph
had
said作make的宾语从句，该从句中，空处在从句中作said的宾语，表示”……所说的话”，因此应用what引导该从句。故选B。
3.（2019·北京卷·语法填空）What
students
do
at
college
seems
to
matter
much
more
than
___8___
they
go.
【答案】where
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：学生在大学里做什么似乎比去哪里（哪所大学）更重要。这里表达去哪所大学，表示地点，作状语。故用where。
4.(2018·北京)
This
is
_________
my
father
has
taught
me—to
always
face
difficulties
and
hope
for
the
best.
A.
how
B.
which
C.
that
D.
what
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：这是我父亲教我的——总是要面对困难，抱最大的希望。“_________
my
father
has
taught
me”是表语从句，该空在从句中做teach的宾语，且表示“父亲教我的道理”，故该从句应用what引导。D选项正确。引导名词性从句时，how表方式，意为“如何”；which意为“哪一个”，that在只起引导从句的作用，不做成分。
5.(2018·江苏)
By
boat
is
the
only
way
to
get
here,
which
is
_______
we
arrived.
A.
where
B.
when
C.
why
D.
how
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：乘船是到达这里唯一的途径，这就是我们如何到达的。分析which引导的非限定性定语从句可知，后面为表语从句。分析句意可知，这里用连接副词how引导表语从句，充当方式状语，表示“如何”。故选D。
6.（2017·北京）Every
year,
______
makes
the
most
beautiful
kite
will
win
a
prize
in
the
Kite
Festival.
A.
whatever
B.
whoever
C.
whomever
D.
whichever
【答案】B
【解析】句意：每年，风筝做的最漂亮的人将赢得一份奖品。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，空处引导
主语从句，且在从句中作主语，指人，故选B项。
7.（2017·北京）Jane
moved
aimlessly
down
the
tree-lined
street,
not
knowing
______she
was
heading.
A.
why
B.
where
C.
how
D.
when
【答案】B
【解析】考查连词。句意：Jane漫无目的地沿着绿树成荫的街道往前走，不知道要去哪里。分析句子结
构可知，空处引导宾语从句，作动词knowing的宾语，且从句中缺少地点状语，故应用where引导。
8.（2017·天津）She
asked
me
_______
I
had
returned
the
books
to
the
library,
and
I
admitted
that
I
hadn’t.
A.
when
B.
where
C.
whether
D.
what
【答案】C
【解析】句意：她问我我是否把书还给图书馆了，我承认我还没有还。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾
语从句，且在从句中不作任何成分，只起连接作用，有根据句意可知此处表示“是否”，故用whether
或if引导这个宾语从句。
9.（2017·江苏）We
choose
this
hotel
because
the
price
for
a
night
here
is
down
to
$20,
half
of
_______
it
used
to
charge.
A.
that
B.
which
C.
what
D.
how
【答案】C
【解析】考查宾语从句。“half
of
_______
it
used
to
charge”是$20的同位语，即原来价格的一半是现在的
$20；另外，of后跟名词或名词短语构成介宾短语，所以，这里是宾语从句；宾语从句中的charge后面
缺少宾语，所以用what来引导宾语从句，并充当宾语从句中的宾语，故选C。句意：我们选择这家宾
馆是因为一晚上的住宿费降到了20美元，这是该宾馆过去要价的一半。
10.（2016·北京）Your
support
is
important
to
our
work.
________
you
can
do
helps.
A.
However
B.
Whoever
C.
Whatever
D.
Wherever
【答案】C
【解析】helps是谓语，＂_______
you
can
do＂是主语部分，即主语从句，在主语从句中，do后缺少宾
语，表示＂任何事情＂，因此用whatever引导，故选C。
11.（2016·北京）The
most
pleasant
thing
of
the
rainy
season
is
________
one
can
be
entirely
free
from
dust.
A.
what
B.
that
C.
whether
D.
why
【答案】B
【解析】句意：雨季最令人愉悦的是人们可以完全不再受到沙尘的困扰。is后跟从句作表语，表语从句
不缺少主语、谓语和宾语，因此用that,
that只起引导作用。
12.（2016·江苏）It
is
often
the
case
______anything
is
possible
for
those
who
hang
on
to
hope.
A.why
B.what
C.as
D.that
【答案】D
【解析】句意：对于那些心存希望的人一切皆可能是事实。本句中it是形式主语，真正的主语是that
引导的主语从句，连接词that在本句中不充当任何成分，且不能省略。连接副词why要在句中作状语，
连接代词what通常在句中作主语、宾语或表语等；as不引导名词性从句。
13.（2016·天津）The
manager
put
forward
a
suggestion
____
we
should
have
an
assistant.
There
is
too
much
work
to
do.
A.
whether
B.
that
C.
which
D.
what
【答案】B
【解析】句意：经理提出一个建议，我们应该有个助手。有太多的工作要做。使用同位语从句说明suggestion
的内容，而且同位语从句成分和意思都是完整的。用that引导，that不作成分，只是起连接作用。
14.（2016·天津）The
manager
put
forward
a
suggestion
____
we
should
have
an
assistant.
There
is
too
much
work
to
do.
A.
whether
B.
that
C.
which
D.
what
【答案】B
【解析】句意：经理提出一个建议，我们应该有个助手。有太多的工作要做。使用同位语从句说明suggestion
的内容，而且同位语从句成分和意思都是完整的。用that引导，that不作成分，只是起连接作用。
题组三
名校模拟
Ⅰ.
单项填空
1.
I
never
suspected
for
a
minute
that
you
should
doubt
my
original
intentions,
and
is
this
________
you
reward
me
for
my
help?
A.how
B.why
C.what
D.whether
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：我片刻都没怀疑过你竟然会质疑我的初衷，这就是你报答我的帮助的方式吗？分析句子结构可知，空处在句中引导表语从句，且在从句中作方式状语，故应用how"如何，怎样"来引导该表语从句。
2.
Mother
suggests
I
should
collect
the
old
clothes
and
give
them
to
________
needs
them.
A.whoever
B.whatever
C.whichever
D.wherever
【答案】A
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：妈妈建议我收集旧衣服把它们给予需要的人。“________
needs
them”是宾语从句，从句缺乏主语；A.
whoever“无论谁”引导宾语从句，从句中作主语或者宾语；B.
whatever“无论什么”引导宾语从句，从句中作主语、宾语或者表语；C.
whichever“无论哪一个”；D.
wherever“无论哪里”。根据语境，故选A。
3.
She
asked
me
________
I
had
returned
the
books
to
the
library,
and
I
admitted
that
I
hadn’t.
A.when
B.where
C.whether
D.what
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：她问我我是否把书还给图书馆了，我承认我还没有还。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，且在从句中不作任何成分，只起连接作用，又根据句意可知此处表示"是否"，故用whether或if引导这个宾语从句。
4.
Vautrin
guarded
the
college
with
the
motto:
"
________
wants
to
go
through
this
gate
will
have
to
do
so
over
my
dead
body."
A.Who
B.Whom
C.Whoever
D.Whomever
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：魏特琳以"任何想要通过这扇大门的人都必须从我的尸体上跨过"的座右铭在守卫这个大学。分析句意及句子结构可知，空处在句中引导主语从句________
wants
to
go
through
this
gate,且空处在句中作主语，表示"无论谁"，故应用whoever来引导该主语从句。
5.
All
the
students
came
to
realize
that
it
made
a
difference
in
their
daily
life
________
they
took
an
active
part
in
after-class
activities.
A.how
B.that
C.where
D.whether
【答案】B
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：所有的学生都开始认识到：积极参加课外活动对他们的日常生活有很大的影响。分析句子结构及句意可知，realize
后是一个由that引导的宾语从句，而在该宾语从句中，it作形式主语，真正的主语是空处所引导的从句，且该主语从句不缺成分，故应用that来引导该主语从句。
6.
After
I
went
up
to
receive
the
award,
I
overheard
someone
whispering
________
the
girl
was
so
excellent
that
she
deserved
it.
A.what
B.how
C.whom
D.that
【答案】D
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：当我上台领奖的时候，碰巧听到有人小声说，这个女孩如此优秀，所以这是她应得的。分析句子结构可知，whispering后接宾语从句，从句句意和成分完整，故用that引导。
7.
—Mary,
are
you
used
to
the
life
here?
—Yes.
But
at
the
beginning,
I
didn’t
imagine
________
tough
it
was
to
start
a
new
life
in
a
strange
country.
A.that
B.what
C.how
D.where
【答案】C
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：——玛丽，你习惯这儿的生活吗？——是的。但是一开始我并没有想象到在一个陌生的国家开始新的生活是何等艰难。分析句子结构可知，此处为省略了连接词的宾语从句，且该宾语从句本身是个感叹句，空处修饰形容词tough，故应用how。
8.
Once
away
from
his
parents,
the
young
man
was
at
a
loss
as
to
________
the
future
has
in
store
for
him.
A.who
B.that
C.what
D.where
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：一旦离开他的父母，这个年轻人就会对未来等待他的是什么感到迷惘。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中引导宾语从句，且从句中has后缺少宾语，故应用what"什么"。in
store
for
sb.
"将要发生在某人身上"为固定搭配。
9.
When
it
comes
to
"home",
most
people
would
feel
a
sense
of
warmth
because
it's
________
we
can
get
unconditional
tolerance,
acceptance
and
love.
A.how
B.that
C.what
D.where
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：当谈到"家"的时候，大多数人都会感受到一丝暖意，因为家是我们可以得到无条件的包容、认可和爱的地方。根据句子结构和句意可知，空处在句中引导表语从句，且在从句中作地点状语，表示"……的地方"，故只能用where来引导该表语从句。
10.
He
did
not
see
the
film
last
night.
That
is
________
he
had
to
help
his
little
sister
with
her
homework.
A.why
B.how
C.that
D.because
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：昨天晚上他没有去看电影，那是因为他得帮助他的小妹妹做作业。分析句子结构及句意可知，空处在句中引导表语从句，且前后两个句子中，第一个句子表示的是"事情的结果"，第二个句子表示的是"事情的起因"，故应用because"因为，由于"来引导该表语从句。
11.
We
all
become
delighted
at
the
news
________
more
than
10,000
new
books
will
be
introduced
in
our
school
library
next
month.
A.what
B.that
C.which
D.whether
【答案】B
【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：我们所有人对我们学校的图书馆下个月将引进一万多册新书的消息感到高兴。分析句子结构及句意可知，空处在句中引导同位语从句，解释说明the
news的内容，且从句中成分完整，故需用that来引导该同位语从句。
12.
The
current
personnel
allocation
is
based
on
the
assumption
________
the
economy
in
our
country
will
still
develop
at
a
normal
rate
next
year.
A.how
B.that
C.what
D.whether
【答案】B
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：当前的人员配置以明年我国的经济依旧按正常速度发展的假设为基础。根据句意及分析句子结构可知，空处在句中引导同位语从句，解释说明assumption"假定，假设"的具体内容，且从句句意完整，故应用that来引导该同位语从句。
Ⅱ.语篇填空
I
am
going
to
tell
you
an
unbelievable
thing
__1__happened
in
my
restaurant
today.
This
afternoon
a
poorly－dressed
gentleman
came
into
my
restaurant.
Nobody
knew
__2__he
was.
We
wondered
__3__he
was
so
hungry.
We
were
surprised
__4__he
finished
two
orders
of
food
in
a
very
limited
time.We
doubted
__5__the
man
was
able
to
pay
the
bill.
The
gentleman
asked
__6__we
would
mind
waiting
for
just
a
few
minutes.
Then
we
were
shocked
to
see__7__he
took
out
of
an
envelope—a
million
pound
bank
note.
I
asked
Mr.
Clements__8__it
was
genuine.
Mr.Clements
said
it
was
true
because
two
of
this
amount
had
been
issued
by
the
Bank
of
England
this
year.
He
thought
__9__the
gentleman
showed
them
couldn’t
be
a
fake.
__10__a
gentleman
with
a
million
pound
note
was
in
rags
and
ate
in
our
small
restaurant
was
a
big
puzzle
to
all
the
people
there.
I
really
couldn’t
describe
how
excited
I
was.
【答案】
1.that
2.who
3.why
4.that
5.whether/if
6.whether/if
7.that
8.whether/if
9.what
10.Why
名词性从句练习题
第一部分：基础题
1.
_______
makes
this
shop
different
is
that
it
offers
more
personal
services.
（2006年辽宁省高考题）
A.
What
B.
Who
C.
Whatever
D.
Whoever
2.
—It’s
thirty
years
since
we
last
met.
—But
I
still
remember
the
story,
believe
it
or
not,
______
we
got
lost
on
a
rainy
night.（2006年四川省高考题）
A.
which
B.
that
C.
what
D.
when
3.
See
the
flags
on
top
of
the
building?
That
was
_______
we
did
this
morning.（2006年全国I高考题）
A.
when
B.
which
C.
where
D.
What
4.
—Could
you
do
me
a
favor?
—It
depends
on
_______
it
is.
（2006年北京高考题）
A.
which
B.
whichever
C.
what
D.
whatever
5.
These
shoes
look
very
good.
I
wonder
_______.
（2006年上海春季高考题）
A.
how
much
cost
they
are
B.
how
much
do
they
cost
C.
how
much
they
cost
D.
how
much
are
they
cost
6.
Doris'
success
lies
in
the
fact
_______
she
is
co-operative
and
eager
to
learn
from
others.（2006年上海春季高考题）
A.
which
B.
that
C.
when
D.
why
7.
Mary
wrote
an
article
on
_______
the
team
had
failed
to
win
the
game.
（2005年全国I高考题）
A.
why
B.
what
C.
who
D.
that
8.
Do
you
have
any
idea
_______
is
actually
going
on
in
the
classroom?
（2005年辽宁省高考题）
A.
that
B.
what
C.
as
D.
which
9.
—Why
does
she
always
ask
you
for
help?
—There
is
no
one
else
_______,
is
there?
（2005年北京高考题）
A.
who
to
turn
to
B.
she
can
turn
to
C.
for
whom
to
turn
D.
for
her
to
turn
10.
Elephants
have
their
own
way
to
tell
the
shape
of
an
object
and
_______
it
is
rough
or
smooth.（2005年天津高考题）
A.
/
B.
whether
C.
how
D.
what
11.
Danny
left
word
with
my
secretary
_______
he
would
call
again
in
the
afternoon.
（2005年浙江省高考题）
A.
who
B.
that
C.
as
D.
which
12.
Mum
is
coming.
What
present
_______
for
your
birthday?
（2005年福建省高考题）
A.
you
expect
she
has
got
B.
you
expect
has
she
got
C.
do
you
expect
she
has
got
D.
do
you
expect
has
she
got
13.
The
way
he
did
it
was
different
________
we
were
used
to.
（2005年江西省高考题）
A.
in
which
B.
in
what
C.
from
what
D.
from
which
14.
Great
changes
have
taken
place
in
that
school.
It
is
no
longer
_______
it
was
20
years
ago,
_______
it
was
so
poorly
equipped.
（2005年安徽省高考题）
A.
what;
when
B.
that;
which
C.
what;
which
D.
which;
that
15.
Some
researchers
believe
that
there
is
no
doubt
________
a
cure
for
AIDS
will
be
found.（2005年广东省高考题）
A.
which
B.
that
C.
what
D.
whether
第二部分：强化题
1.
We
haven’t
settled
the
question
of
_______
it
is
necessary
for
him
to
study
abroad.（2006年江苏省高考题）
A.
if
B.
where
C.
whether
D.
that
2.
A
warm
thought
suddenly
came
to
me
_______I
might
use
the
pocket
money
to
buy
some
flowers
for
my
mother’s
birthday.（2006年安徽省高考题）
A.
if
B.
when
C.
that
D.
which
3.
There
is
much
chance
_______
Bill
will
recover
from
his
injury
in
time
for
the
race.（2006年天津高考题）
A.
that
B.
which
C.
until
D.
if
4.
Please
remind
me
_______
he
said
he
was
going.
I
may
be
in
time
to
see
him
off.（2006年全国I高考题）
A.
where
B.
when
C.
how
D.
what
5.
We
saw
several
natives
advancing
towards
our
party,
and
one
of
them
came
up
to
us.
_______
we
gave
some
bells
and
glasses.
（2006年湖南省高考题）
A.
to
which
B.
to
whom
C.
with
whom
D.
with
which
6.
With
his
work
completed,
the
businessman
stepped
back
to
his
seat,
feeling
pleased
_______
he
was
a
man
of
action.
（2006年湖南省高考题）
A.
which
B.
that
C.
what
D.
whether
7.
_______
team
wins
on
Saturday
will
go
through
to
the
national
championships.
（2006年山东省高考题）
A.
No
matter
what
B.
No
matter
which
C.
Whatever
D.
Whichever
8.
I
just
wonder
that
makes
him
so
excited.
（2006年山东省高考题）
A.
why
it
does
B.
what
he
does
C.
how
it
is
D.
what
it
is
9.
_______
is
our
belief
that
improvements
in
health
care
will
lead
to
a
stronger
,
more
prosperous
economy.
（2006年浙江省高考题）
A.
As
B.
That
C.
This
D.
It
10.
Nobody
believed
his
reason
for
being
absent
form
the
class
_______
he
had
to
meet
his
uncle
at
the
airport.
（2006年重庆高考题）
A.
why
B.
that
C.
where
D.
because
11.
The
shopkeeper
did
not
want
to
sell
for
_______
he
thought
was
not
enough.
（2005年山东省高考题）
A.
where
B.
how
C.
what
D.
which
12.
He
noticed
that
the
straight
part
of
the
dance
was
different
in
the
afternoon
from
_______
it
had
been
in
the
morning.
（2006年宜昌市模拟题）
A.
that
B.
where
C.
what
D.
which
13.
I’d
like
to
work
with
_______
is
honest
and
easy
to
get
on
with.
(2006年山东模拟题)
A.
who
B.
whoever
C.
whomever
D.
no
matter
who
14.
When
you
are
reading,
make
a
note
of
_______
you
think
is
of
great
importance.
（2006年东北八校联考题）
A.
which
B.
that
C.
what
D.
when
15.
—Can
we
get
everything
ready
by
the
weekend?
—It
all
depends
on
_______
we
can
get
Mr.
Green’s
cooperation.
（2006年如东中学模拟题）
A.
that
B.
what
C.
whether
D.
if
答案解析
基础题
1.
A
此题考察what引导名词性从句的用法。在此题中what引导主语从句，同时在从句中充当主语。
2.
B
通过对句子的分析可知，believe
it
or
not是插入语，在此句中that引导的是the
story的同位语从句。
3.
D
通过对句子的分析可知，此题需要选一词来引导表语从句，而从句中的明显缺少宾语，故只能what用来充当。
4.
C
介词on后面宾语从句不完整，同时从句缺少主语，故只能由what来充当。
5.
C
wonder后面的从句是疑问句应用陈述语序。即：特殊疑问词+主语+谓语动词。
6.
B
此句主句完整，从句也完整，故用that引导构成与the
fact的同位语从句。
7.
A
why在它引导的从句中充当原因状语，从句在主句里充当介词on的宾语。
8.
B
what在它引导的从句中充当主语，同时整个从句可看成是idea的同位语从句，来说明idea的具体内容。
9.
B
本题考查定语从句以及固定短语turn
to
的用法，关系代词因为在后面定语从句中做宾语因此省略掉，turn
to
sb
求助于某人。
10.
B
本题根据意思以及后面与or
的搭配关系可判断该处是“是否”，whether
引导宾语从句。
11.
B
本题考查名词性从句中的同位语从句，根据下文可知Danny留下的口信的内容，that
引导名词性从句。
12.
C
本题考查双重疑问句，疑问词＋do
you
think/believe/expect＋句子的其他成分（句子用称述句语序）。
13.
C
本题考查固定短语
be
different
from同时也考查名词性从句中的宾语从句，介词from后是宾语从句，但从句中be
used
to
后面少宾语，且根据上文是我们过去习惯的方法，这用what
符合语意。
14.
A
本题考查的是名词性从句中的表语从句，后面表语从句不完整，it
was
后面还缺少表语，根据意思是“20年前的
样子”，后面一个句子是对20年前的补充说明，是一个非限制性定语从句，20年前学校设备条件不好，when
在定语从句中作时间状语。
15.
B
本题考查名词性从句的同位语，doubt
后的同位语根据意思没有怀疑故选择that
引导，that在从句中不充当成分。
强化题
1.
C
whether引导的从句构成与名词the
question的同位语。(原答案似乎有误)
2.
C
主句完整,同时从句也不缺成分。根据句意可看出that引导的从句构成与a
warm
thought的同位语。
3.
A
that引导同位语从句，具体说明chance（可能性）的内容。
4.
B
句意：请提醒我他说他将什么时候走。
5.
B
因先行词是natives，故淘汰A和D。又因give
sth.
to
sb.固定短语，所以选B。介词to可放在关系代词whom的前面。
6.
B
pleased后面缺少宾语从句，he
was
a
man
of
action句意完整，故用that引导。
7.
D
No
matter
what/which只能引导让步状语从句，排除A和B。C和D的区别在于一个无范围，一个有范围。
8.
D
wonder后面的宾语从句本是what
makes
him
so
excited：。但what需要被强调，故用强调句型。
9.
D
本题考查it
作形式主语,
后面的that
引导真正的主句从句.
10.
B
本题考查同位语从句,
reason
后面有for
引导的短语,
接着后面是that
引导的句子来说明理由的内容.
11.
C
本题考查名词性从句的宾语从句,介词for
后接宾语从句但宾语从句中缺少主语,
he
thought
是插入语.
连词what
引导宾语从句且在从句中充当主语,which
的意思不符合.
12.
C
本题考查固定短语
be
different
from同时也考查名词性从句中的宾语从句，介词from后是宾语从句，但从句中it
had
been
后面少表语，所以what
符合语意。
13.
B
本题考查名词性从句中的介词宾语从句,
根据下文意思以及在宾语从句中作主语,
D
不能引导名词性从句,
who
表达的意思不对.
14.
C
本题考查名词性从句介词宾语,
宾语从句中you
think
是插入语,
故句中缺少主语,which
意思不对,故选what.
15.
C
本题考查介词宾语从句,
根据上下文意思
该处应该是”我们是否能得到Green先生的.
考点详解
考向1
主语从句
主语从句的规律
规律一、主语从句一律用陈述语序，即主语在前，谓语在后。
例1.When
will
he
come
is
not
known.
正：When
he
will
come
is
not
known.
规律二、连词that
在从句中无实际意义，但不能省略。
例2.
He
will
not
come
to
the
meeting
this
evening
is
true.
正：That
he
will
not
come
to
the
meeting
this
evening
is
true.
规律三、whether
可以引导主语从句，放在句首，但if不能
例3.
If
the
meeting
will
be
put
off
has
not
been
decided
yet.
正：
Whether
the
meeting
will
be
put
off
has
not
been
decided
yet.
规律四、主语从句的谓语动词多用单数第三人称形式。
例4.
When
he
will
come
are
a
puzzle.
正：When
he
will
come
is
a
puzzle.
考向2
表语从句
考向3
宾语从句
考向4
同位语从句
难点剖析
检测训练
