解密13
阅读理解之细节理解题
高考中细节理解题通常占阅读理解题总数的一半以上。2014年新课标全国卷考区及其他各考区的高考试题中考查细节理解的题目占阅读理解题目总数的55%左右。
细节理解题要求考生对阅读材料中的某一具体事实和细节进行理解。它们大都是根据文章中的具体信息如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等进行提问的。有些问题可以在文章中直接找到答案，有些则需要我们在理解的基础上将有关内容系统化才能找到，比如计算、排序、是非判断、图形比较等。
常见的命题方式通常有：
1.特殊疑问句形式。以when,
where,
what,
which,
who,
how
much/many等疑问词开头引出的问题；
2.
以是非题的形式。true
/false,
not
true
/
false或EXCEPT，近年这种题型较少；
3.
以According
to…
开头提问方式；
4.
以填空题的形式，如：
（1）To
avoid
attracting
mountain
lions,
people
are
advised________.
（2）By
the
first
sentence
of
the
passage
author
means
that________.
（3）It
seems
that
now
a
country’s
economy
depends
much
on________.
（4）If
you
are
interested
in
knowing
about
what
people’s
life
will
be,
you
may
visit________.
（5）The
policemen
were
told
“to
look
the
other
way”
(the
underlined
part
in
Paragraph
2)
so
that________.
（6）The
policeman
who
said
“Good
evening”
to
Rolls
wanted
to________.
5.
就文中数字、排序、识图等提问。
做细节理解题时，大多数学生易出现的问题是阅读速度太慢，缺乏一定的快速阅读技巧，考生要培养自己快速获取信息的能力。解答此类试题时，不必通篇细看原文，而常常可采取
“带着问题找答案”的方法．先从问题中抓住关键性词语。然后以此为线索。要快速地辨认和记忆事实或细节，就要恰当地运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的段落、语句．仔细品味，对照比较．确定答案。除了运用扫读法(scanning)外，还可以兼用排除法．将“无此细节”和“与此细节相反”的选项排除。
了解细节题干扰选项的特点也有助于考生提高答题的正确率。一般情况下，干扰项有如下几个特点：（1）是原文信息，但不是题目要求的内容；（2）符合常识，但不是文章内容；（3）与原文的内容极其相似，只是在程度上有些变动；（4）在意思上与原文大相径庭甚至完全相反；（5）部分正确，部分错误。
有的细节理解题只要直接辨认不要求读者对客观的事实作出解释或判断，只要求从阅读材料中直接获取信息。同时还要求读者记住重要细节，在必要的时候（做判断、推断或结论的时候）能够准确而迅速地将他们回忆起来。解此类题要求考生快速抓住原文中的关键信息，直接得出答案，但要注意往往答案与原文中的语句并非一模一样，而是用不同的词语或句型结构表达相同的意思。有的细节理解题就需要通过有关词语和句子的转换。利用主要事实、图表、图形来获取信息，然后利用因果、类比、时间、空间等关系将零碎的细节经过一系列加工、整理，方能做出正确的判断．此类试题在高考中占大多数。
值得一提的是，有时原文中的信息可能只是一个短语，甚至一个单词，因此需要我们在阅读中特别仔细才能捕捉到真正有用的信息。
细节理解题大致有如下几种常考题型：
题型一
描写类细节题
描写类细节题，常常考查考生对文中有关人物动作、思想感情、心理活动、观点，或事件的起因、发展、过程、结果等方面的理解。这类描写信息往往较直接，一般不太需要考生对它们进行较深入的理解，对于该类题，考生一般都可以较直接地从原文中找到与题目对应的有关信息。
(2020·全国卷I
A)
Train
Information
All
customers
travelling
on
Transl
ink
services
must
be
in
possession
of
a
valid
ticket
before
boarding.
For
ticket
information,
please
ask
at
your
local
station
or
call
13
1230.
While
Queensland
Rail
makes
every
effort
to
ensure
trains
run
as
scheduled
there
can
be
no
guarantee
of
connections
between
trains
or
between
train
services
and
bus
service
Lost
property(失物招领)
Call
Lost
Property
on
13
16
17
during
business
hours
for
items
lost
on
Queensland
Rail
services.
The
lost
property
office
is
open
Monday
to
Friday
7:30
am
to
5:
00
pm
and
is
located
(11)
at
Roma
Street
station
Public
holidays
On
public
holidays,
generally
a
Sunday
timetable
operates.
On
certain
major
event
days,
i.
e.
Australia
Day,
Anzac
Day,
sporting
and
cultural
days,
special
additional
services
may
operate.
Christmas
Day
services
operate
to
a
Christmas
Day
timetable.
Before
travel
please
visit
.
au
or
call
TransLink
on
13
12
30
anytime.
Customers
using
mobility
devices
Many
stations
have
wheelchair
access
from
the
car
park
or
entrance
to
station
platforms.
For
assistance,
please
call
Queensland
Rail
on
13
1617
Guardian
trains
(outbound)
Depart
Origin
Destination
Arrive
6:42pm
Altandi
Varsity
Lakes
7:37pm
7:29pm
Central
Varsity
Lakes
8:52pm
8:57pm
Fortitude
Valley
Varsity
Lakes
9:52pm
11:02pm
Roma
Street
Varsity
Lakes
12:22am
21.
What
would
you
do
to
get
ticket
information?
A.ca1l
13
16
17
B.
Visit
.
at
C.
Ask
at
the
local
station.
D.
Check
the
train
schedule
22.
At
which
station
can
you
find
the
lost
property
office?
A.
Altandi
B.
Roma
Street.
C.
Varsity
Lakes.
D.
Fortitude
valley.
23.Which
train
would
you
take
if
you
go
from
Central
to
Varsity
Lakes:
A.6:42pm.
B.7:29pm.
C.8:57
D.11:02
语篇解读:本文是一篇应用文,文章介绍了来坐火车的相关信息
21选C细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句”
For
ticket
information,
please
ask
at
your
local
on
or
call1l31230.”可知,答案选C。
22选B细节理解题。根据第三段的第二句“
The
lost
property
office
is
open
Monday
to
Friday
7:30
am
to
5:00
pm
and
is
located(位于)
nt
Roma
Street
station.”可知,答案选B。
23.选B细节理解题。根据文中最后表格的内容可知,从
Central到
Varsity
Lakes的列车的出
发时间为晚上7:29。
题型二
信息寻找题、广告阅读题
信息寻找题一般在应用文体中较常见，体现于查字典、阅读广告、公告、演出海报、车船航班时间表等之中。这类阅读材料包含的某一方面的信息非常全面，能满足各种人对信息的需求，但在高考试题中，常常是就某一方面提问，考生完全没有必要从头到尾仔细阅读，因为材料中有很多冗余无效信息。做此类题时，宜采用“题干定全法”。即：先阅读题干，然后根据问题要求，有针对性地阅读相关部分快速寻找有效信息。
广告是阅读理解题常考的一种题材。广告属应用文体。严格来说广告属快速寻找信息题。但是广告有着其他快速寻找信息题不同的特点。广告文体简洁明快，省略了大量的词语，达到了篇幅小、信息多的目的。同时具有语言精练，形象性、鼓动性强的良好效果。广告阅读题多为细节理解题，关键在于正确理解广告内容。考生必须具备较强的语言运用能力，熟悉文化背景，利用各种手段（如：补全、联想、推测等）正确解读广告的内容。通常运用“补全成分法”和“联想推测法”两种方法来解读广告的内容。做题方法同样采用“题干定向法”。
（1）补全成分法
省略名在广告体阅读材料中大量出现，可以说广告阅读理解材料中大多数句子都是省略句。我们应结合全文语境及逻辑关系将省略句补全，从而更加准确地理解。如：Driver
wanted.
根据文义，可将该句补充为：A
driver
will
be
wanted.
(招聘一名司机)。
（2）联想推测法
在些广告时间、日期、地点、电话、票价等用了缩略词，甚至一概没有提及，这就需要考生前后连贯，充分想象，整体理解。搜寻已知信息，推断语篇意义。
为节省篇幅，特别是在商业广告中，常使用缩写词，尽管有些缩写不太规范，但却常用，常见的缩写词有：
Tel.
=telephone
number
Ph.
=phone
Add
(r).
=address
co.
=company
Ltd=Limited
Max=maximum
Min=minimum
hr=hour
t=time
fig=figure
ft=foot
ml=mile
doz=dozen
Mt=Mountain
P=page
prof.
=professor
Dr.
=doctor
s=south
n=north
w=west
Sta=Station
pop=popular
vs=versus
Xmas=Christmas
info=information
VIP=very
important
persons
hrs=hours
aft=after
ad=advertisement
p/t=part
time
exp=experienced
PC=personal
computer
MA=Master
of
Arts
BS
degree=bachelor's
degree
(学士学位)
(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)
The
Lake
District
Attractions
Guide
Dalemain
Mansion
Historic
Gardens
History,
Culture
&
Landscape
(t
X).
Discover
and
enjoy
4
centuries
of
history,
5
acres
of
celebrated
and
award-winning
gardens
with
parkland
walk.
Owned
by
the
Hasell
family
since
1679,
home
to
the
International
Marmalade
Festival.
Gifts
and
antiques,
plant
sales,
museums
&
Mediaeval
Hall
Tearoom.
Open:29Mar-29
Oct,
Sun
to
Thurs
Tearoom,
Gardens
Gift
Shop:
10.
30-17.
00(16.
00
in
Oct)
House:11.15-16.00(15.00
in
Oct).
Town:
Pooley
Bridge
&.
Penrith
Abbot
Hall
Art
Gallery
Museum
Those
viewing
the
quality
of
Abbot
Hall's
temporary
exhibitions
may
be
forgiven
for
thinking
they
are
in
a
city
gallery.
The
impressive
permanent
collection
includes
Turners
and
Romneys
and
the
temporary
exhibition
programme
has
Canaletto
and
the
artists
from
St
Ives.
Open:
Mon
to
Sat
and
Summer
Sundays.
10.
30-17.00
Summer.
10.
30-16.
00
Winter
Town:
Kendal
Tullie
House
Museum
Art
Gallery
Tullie
House
Museum
Art
Gallery
Discover,
explore
and
enjoy
award-
winning
Tullie
House,
where
historic
collections,
contemporary
art
and
family
fun
are
brought
together
in
one
impressive
museum
and
art
gallery.
There
are
four
fantastic
galleries
to
visit
from
art
to
interactive
fun,
so
there
is
something
for
everyone!
Open:
High
Season
1
Apr-31
Oct:
Mon
to
Sat
10..
00,
Sun
11.00-17.00
Low
Season
I
Nov-31
Mar:
Mon
to
Sat
10
00-16.
30.
Sun
12.
00-16.30
Town:
Carlisle
Dove
Cottage&
The
Wordsworth
Museum
Discover
William
Wordsworths
inspirational
home.
Take
a
tour
of
his
Lakeland
cottage,
walk
through
his
hillside
garden
and
explore
the
riches
of
the
collection
in
the
Museum.
Visit
the
shop
and
relax
in
the
cafe.
Exhibitions,
events
and
family
activities
throughout
the
year.
Open:
Daily,
09.
30-17.
30(last
admission
17.00).
Town:
Grasmere
2I.
When
is
the
House
at
Dalemain
Mansion
&
Historic
Gardens
open
on
Sundays
A.09.30-17.30
B.10.30-16.00
C.11.15-16
D.12.00-16.30.
22.
What
can
visitors
do
at
Abbot
Hall
Art
Gallery
&
Museun?
A
Enjoy
Romney's
works
B.
Have
some
interactive
fun.
D.
Learn
the
history
of
a
family.
C.
Attend
a
famous
festival.
23.
Where
should
visitors
go
if
they
want
to
explore
Wordsworth's
life?
A.
Penrith
B.
Kendal.
C.
Carlisle,
D.
Grasmere
语篇解读:本文是一篇应用文,主要介绍了几个湖区景点,包括其营业时间及地点等
21.选C细节理解题,根据
Dalemain
Mansion&
Historic
Gardens部分中的信息“Hose
11.15-16.00(15.00
in
Oct),”可知,答案选C
22选A。细节里解题,根据
Abbot
Hall
Art
Gallery&
Museum部分中的信息“
The
impressive
permanent
collection
includes
Turners
and
Romneys
and
the
temporary
exhibition
programme
has
Canaletto
and
the
artists
from
St
Ives.”可知,游客可以在此处欣赏
Romney的作品,故
23.选D细节理解题,根据
Dove
Cottage&
The
Wordsworth
Museum部分中的信息“Town
Grasmere”可知,如果游客想探索
Wordsworth的生活可以去
Grasmere,故选D
题型三
数据计算题
此类试题一般要求考生能根据阅读材料中给出的有关数据，找出计算关系，通过计算，得出正确的结论。这类计算一般来说比较简单，关键是要弄清各数据间的逻辑关系，选准比较的数据，弄清单位换算关系，确定计算方法，问题便迎刃而解了。对于数据较多、项目复杂用时间或空间跨度较大的短文，通常可采用“列表法”，即按一定的规律将数据分门别类地列出，化模糊为清晰，为计算打下基础。对于相对不太复杂的数据，可采用“推算法”，即以有关数据为基准，进行简单的运算就可得出。
(全国新高考A）
POETRY
CHALLENGE
Write
a
poem
about
how
courage,
determination,
and
strength
have
helped
you
face
challenges
in
your
life.
Prizes
3
Grand
Prizes:Trip
to
Washington,
D.
C.
for
each
of
three
winners,
a
parent
and
one
other
person
of
the
winner’s
choice.
Trip
includes
round-trip
air
tickets,
hotel
stay
for
two
nights,
and
tours
of
the
National
Air
and
Space
Museum
and
the
office
of
National
Geographic
World.
6
First
Prizes:The
book
Sky
Pioneer:A
Photobiography
of
Amelia
Earhart
signed
by
author
Corinne
Szabo
and
pilot
Linda
Finch.
50
Honorable
Mentions:Judges
will
choose
up
to
50
honorable
mention
winners,
who
will
each
receive
a
T-shirt
in
memory
of
Earhart’s
final
flight.
Rules
Follow
all
rules
carefully
to
prevent
disqualification.
■Write
a
poem
using
100
words
or
fewer.
Your
poem
can
be
any
format,
any
number
of
lines.
■Write
by
hand
or
type
on
a
single
sheet
of
paper.
You
may
use
both
the
front
and
back
of
the
paper.
■On
the
same
sheet
of
paper,
write
or
type
your
name,
address,
telephone
number,
and
birth
date.
■Mail
your
entry
to
us
by
October
31
this
year.
1.
How
many
people
can
each
grand
prize
winner
take
on
the
free
trip?
A.
Two.
B.
Three.
C.
Four.
D.
Six.
【解析】
这是一篇应用文。本文是一篇诗歌大赛的征稿启事。文章就参赛作品的内容、奖项、参赛规则等做了介绍。
1.
A。细节理解题。根据Prizes部分中第一段中的“Trip
to
Washington,
D.C.
for
each
of
three
winners,
a
parent
and
one
other
person
of
the
winner's
choice”可知，每位获奖者都可以带一名家长和另一名由获奖者选择的人员。因此，每位获奖者可以带两个人。故选A。
题型四
排序题
这种试题要求考生根据事情发生的先后顺序和句子之间的逻辑关系，找出事件的正确顺序。
做此类题目可采用＂首尾定位法＂，即先找出第一个事件和最后一个事件，这样可以迅速缩小选择范围，从而迅速找到答案。阅读理解的文章如果是记叙文，排序题通常以事件发生的时间为线索；如果是说明文，排序题通常以说明的先后顺序为线索；如果是议论文，排序题通常以逻辑顺序为线索。从近几年高考试题来看，这类试题主要出现在记叙文和说明文中。
题型五
图文转换题
此类试题要求根据短文中的描写找出相应的图形，或根据图形选出相应的文字。可采用“文字锁定法”，即找出描述图形的句段，按“文”锁“图”，迅速锁定相关图形，或用“图形标示法”，在图形中标出相应的内容，以便做题。
The
Home
of
My
People
When
Lewis
and
Clark
stepped
onto
the
Weippe
Prairie
in
present-day
Idaho
in
September
1808,
they
met
the
Nez
Perce
Indians.
In
the
following
years,
the
white
explorers（探险者）began
to
fight
with
the
Indians
for
their
land.
Some
Nez
Perce
chiefs
signed
agreements
with
the
U.S.
government,
selling
part
of
their
lands.
But
the
government
always
broke
those
agreements
and
demanded
more
land.
Other
chiefs
refused
to
go
along
with
the
government’s
plans.
The
most
famous
was
Chief
Joseph,
whose
people
lived
in
the
Wallowa
Valley（present-day
Oregon）.
“In
order
to
have
all
people
understand
how
much
land
we
owned,
”
he
once
explained,
“my
father
planted
poles
around
it
and
said:
‘Inside
is
the
home
of
my
people…It
circled
around
the
graves（坟墓）of
our
fathers,
and
we
will
never
give
up
these
graves
to
any
man.
’”
But
in
1874,
the
U.S.
government
declared
the
valley
open
for
white
settlement
and
ordered
the
Nez
Perce
onto
a
reservation（保留地）.
Seeing
that
resistance
was
useless,
Chief
Joseph
agreed
to
move.
Later,
fighting
broke
out
between
the
Nez
Perce
and
U.S.
soldiers.
Chief
Joseph
tried
to
lead
his
people
to
Canada,
winning
several
battles
against
the
soldiers
during
their
flight.
But
finally,
he
was
forced
to
give
in.
1.
Which
historic
site
（on
the
map）lies
in
the
south
of
today’s
Nez
Perce
Reservation?
A.
Buffalo
Eddy.
B.
Dug
Bar.
C.
Joseph
Canyon
Viewpoint.
D.
Chief
Looking
Glass
Camp.
2.
What
can
we
learn
about
the
Nez
Perce
lands
from
the
map?
A.
They
were
in
the
state
of
Oregon.
B.
They
have
become
a
historic
site.
C.
They
have
become
much
smaller.
D.
They
were
limited
to
the
Wallowa
Valley.
【答案与解析】
1.D
此题考查学生的图示理解能力。首先要找到并标出现在Nez
Perce
Reservation所在的位置，然后找到它以南的历史景点。可以看到Chief
Looking
Glass
camp位于Nez
Perce
Reservation的南部。
2.C
从地图中我们可以看到，Nez
Perce原先所拥有的土地比现在Nez
Perce保留区的位置大多了。
6．代词指代题解题技能
代词指代题要求考生一定的上下文推测代词的指代意义。此类题一般是在人物或事物关系比较复杂的情况下使用的一种题型，所以理清人物及事物之间的逻辑关系是关键所在。
（全国新高考C篇）
In
the
mid-1990s,
Tom
Bissell
taught
English
as
a
volunteer
in
Uzbekistan.
He
left
after
seven
months,
physically
broken
and
having
lost
his
mind.
A
few
years
later,
still
attracted
to
the
country,
he
returned
to
Uzbekistan
to
write
an
article
about
the
disappearance
of
the
Aral
Sea.
His
visit,
however,
ended
up
involving
a
lot
more
than
that.
Hence
this
book,
Chasing
the
Sea:
Lost
Among
the
Ghosts
of
Empire
in
Central
Asia,
which
talks
about
a
road
trip
from
Tashkent
to
Karakalpakstan,
where
millions
of
lives
have
been
destroyed
by
the
slow
drying
up
of
the
sea.
It
is
the
story
of
an
American
travelling
to
a
strange
land,
and
of
the
people
he
meets
on
his
way:
Rustam,
his
translator,
a
lovely
24-year-old
who
picked
up
his
colorful
English
in
California,
Oleg
and
Natasha,
his
hosts
in
Tashkent,
and
a
string
of
foreign
aid
workers.
This
is
a
quick
look
at
life
in
Uzbekistan,
made
of
friendliness
and
warmth,
but
also
its
darker
side
of
society.
In
Samarkand,
Mr
Bissell
admires
the
architectural
wonders,
while
on
his
way
to
Bukhara
he
gets
a
taste
of
police
methods
when
suspected
of
drug
dealing.
In
Ferghana,
he
attends
a
mountain
funeral(葬礼)followed
by
a
strange
drinking
party.
And
in
Karakalpakstan,
he
is
saddened
by
the
dust
storms,
diseases
and
fishing
boats
stuck
miles
from
the
sea.
Mr
Bissell
skillfully
organizes
historical
insights
and
cultural
references,
making
his
tale
a
well-rounded
picture
of
Uzbekistan,
seen
from
Western
eyes.
His
judgment
and
references
are
decidedly
American,
as
well
as
his
delicate
stomach.
As
the
author
explains,
this
is
neither
a
travel
nor
a
history
book,
or
even
a
piece
of
reportage.
Whatever
it
is,
the
result
is
a
fine
and
vivid
description
of
the
purest
of
Central
Asian
traditions.
9.
What
does
the
underlined
word
“that”
in
paragraph
2
refer
to?
A.
Developing
a
serious
mental
disease.
B.
Taking
a
guided
tour
in
Central
Asia.
C.
Working
as
a
volunteer
in
Uzbekistan.
D.
Writing
an
article
about
the
Aral
Sea.
【答案】
【解析】
本文是记叙文。文章讲述了Bissell写的《追逐大海:迷失在中亚帝国的幽灵》这本书。这本书是Bissell在乌兹别克斯坦做志愿者后写的，是对乌兹别克斯坦人生活的一个快速观察。
9.
D。
词句猜测题。划线句是第二段首句，that用来指代上文提的事情，因此推断that指代第一段的内容，根据第一段最后一句”A
few
years
later,
still
attracted
to
the
country,
he
returned
to
Uzbekistan
to
write
an
article
about
the
disappearance
of
the
Aral
Sea(几年后，仍然被这个国家所吸引。他回到乌兹别克斯坦写了一篇关于咸海消失的文章)”可知，that指代写了一篇关于死海消失的文章这件事，故选D。
题组一
真题在线
Passage
1
（2020·全国新课标卷II·A）
The
Lake
District
Attractions
Guide
Dalemain
Mansion
&
Historic
Gardens
History,
Culture
&
Landscape(景观).
Discover
and
enjoy
4
centuries
of
history,
5
acres
of
celebrated
and
award-winning
gardens
with
parkland
walk.
Owned
by
the
Hasell
family
since
1679,
home
to
the
International
Marmalade
Festival.
Gifts
and
antiques,
plant
sales,
museums
&
Mediaeval
Hall
Tearoom.
Open:29
Mar-29
Oct，Sun
to
Thurs.
Tearoom，Gardens
&
Gift
Shop:10.30-17.00(16.00
in
Oct).
House:11.15-16.00(15.00
in
Oct)
Town:
Pooley
Bridge
&
Penrith
Abbot
Hall
art
Gallery
&
Museum
Those
viewing
the
quality
of
Abbot
Hall’s
temporary
exhibitions
may
be
forgiven
for
thinking
they
are
in
a
city
gallery.
The
impressive
permanent
collection
includes
Turners
and
Romneys
and
the
temporary
exhibition
programme
has
Canaletto
and
the
artists
from
St
Ives.
Open:
Mon
to
Sat
and
Summer
Sundays.
10.30
-17.00
Sumner.10.30
-16.00
Winter.
Town:Kendal
Tullie
House
Museum
&
Art
Gallery
Discover,
explore
and
enjoy
award-winning
Tullie
House,
where
historic
collections,
contemporary
art
and
family
fun
are
brought
together
in
one
impressive
museum
and
art
gallery.
There
are
four
fantastic
galleries
to
visit
from
fine
art
to
interactive
fun,
so
there’s
something
for
everyone!
Open:
High
Season
1
Apr
–
31
Oct:
Mon
to
Sat
10.00
–
17.00,
Sun
11.00
–
17.00.
Low
Season
1
Nov
–
31
Mar:
Mon
to
Sat
10.00
–
16.30,
Sun
12.00
–
16.30.
Town:
Carlisle
Dove
Cottage
&
The
wordsworth
Museum
Discover
William
Wordsworth’s
inspirational
home.
Take
a
tour
of
his
Lakeland
cottage,
walk
through
his
hillside
garden
and
explore
the
riches
of
the
collection
in
the
Museum.
Visit
the
shop
and
relax
in
the
café.
Exhibitions,
events
and
family
activities
throughout
the
year.
Open:
Daily,
09.30
–
17.30
(last
admission
17.00).
Town:
Grasmere
1.
When
is
the
House
at
Dalemain
Mansion
&
Historic
Gardens
open
on
Sundays
in
July?
A.
09.30-17.30.
B.
10.30-16.00.
C.
11.15-16.00.
D.
12.00-16.30
2.
What
can
visitors
do
at
Abbot
Hall
Art
Gallery
&
Museum?
A.
Enjoy
Ronney’s
works.
B.
Have
some
interactive
fun.
C.
Attend
a
famous
festival.
D.
Learn
the
history
of
a
family
3.
Where
should
visitors
go
if
they
want
to
explore
Wordsworth’s
life?
A.
Penrith.
B.
Kendal.
C.
Carlisle.
D.
Grasmere.
Passage
2
（2020·全国新课标卷Ⅰ·B）
Jenifer
Mauer
has
needed
more
willpower
than
the
typical
college
student
to
pursue
her
goal
of
earning
a
nursing
degree.
That
willpower
bore
fruit
when
Jennifer
graduated
from
University
of
Wisconsin-Eau
Claire
and
became
the
first
in
her
large
family
to
earn
a
bachelor's
degree.
Mauer,
of
Edgar,
Wisconsin,
grew
up
on
a
farm
in
a
family
of
10
children.
Her
dad
worked
at
a
job
away
from
the
farm,
and
her
mother
ran
the
farm
with
the
kids.
After
high
school,
Jennifer
attended
a
local
technical
college,
working
to
pay
her
tuition(学费),
because
there
was
no
extra
money
set
aside
for
a
college
education.
After
graduation,
she
worked
to
help
her
sisters
and
brothers
pay
for
their
schooling.
Jennifer
now
is
married
and
has
three
children
of
her
own.
She
decided
to
go
back
to
college
to
advance
her
career
and
to
be
able
to
better
support
her
family
while
doing
something
she
loves:
nursing.
She
chose
the
UW-Eau
Claire
program
at
Ministry
Saint
Joseph's
Hospital
in
Marshfield
because
she
was
able
to
pursue
her
four-year
degree
close
to
home.
She
could
drive
to
class
and
be
home
in
the
evening
to
help
with
her
kids.
Jenifer
received
great
support
from
her
family
as
she
worked
to
earn
her
degree:
Her
husband
worked
two
jobs
to
cover
the
bills,
and
her
68-year-old
mother
helped
take
care
of
the
children
at
times.
Through
it
all,
she
remained
in
good
academic
standing
and
graduated
with
honors.
Jennifer
sacrificed(牺牲)to
achieve
her
goal,
giving
up
many
nights
with
her
kids
and
missing
important
events
to
study.
''Some
nights
my
heart
was
breaking
to
have
to
pick
between
my
kids
and
studying
for
exams
or
papers,''
she
says.
However,
her
children
have
learned
an
important
lesson
witnessing
their
mother
earn
her
degree.
Jennifer
is
a
first-generation
graduate
and
an
inspiration
to
her
family-and
that's
pretty
powerful.
4.
What
did
Jennifer
do
after
high
school?
A.
She
helped
her
dad
with
his
work.
B.
She
ran
the
family
farm
on
her
own.
C.
She
supported
herself
through
college.
D.
She
taught
her
sisters
and
brothers
at
home.
5.
Why
did
Jennifer
choose
the
program
at
Ministry
Saint
Joseph's
Hospital
in
Marshfield?
A.
To
take
care
of
her
kids
easily.
B.
To
learn
from
the
best
nurses.
C.
To
save
money
for
her
parents.
D.
To
find
a
well-paid
job
there.
6.
What
did
Jennifer
sacrifice
to
achieve
her
goal?
A.
Her
health.
B.
Her
time
with
family.
C.
Her
reputation.
D.
Her
chance
of
promotion.
7.
What
can
we
learn
from
Jenifer's
story?
A.
Time
is
money.
B.
Love
breaks
down
barriers.
C.
Hard
work
pays
off.
D.
Education
is
the
key
to
success.
Passage
2
（2020·全国新课标卷Ш·C）
With
the
young
unable
to
afford
to
leave
home
and
the
old
at
risk
of
isolation(孤独),
more
families
are
choosing
to
live
together.
The
doorway
to
peace
and
quiet,
for
Nick
Bright
at
least,
leads
straight
to
his
mother-in-law,
she
lives
on
the
ground
floor,
while
he
lives
upstairs
with
his
wife
and
their
two
daughters.
Four
years
ago
they
all
moved
into
a
three-storey
Victorian
house
in
Bristol
-
one
of
a
growing
number
of
multigenerational
families
in
the
UK
living
together
under
the
same
roof.
They
share
a
front
door
and
a
washing
machine,
but
Rita
Whitehead
has
her
own
kitchen,
bathroom,
bedroom
and
living
room
on
the
ground
floor.
“We
floated
the
idea
to
my
mum
of
sharing
at
a
house,”
says
Kathryn
Whitehead.
Rita
cuts
in:
“We
spoke
more
with
Nick
because
I
think
it’s
a
big
thing
for
Nick
to
live
with
his
mother-in-law.”
And
what
does
Nick
think?
“From
my
standpoint,
it
all
seems
to
work
very
well.
Would
I
recommend
it?
Yes,
I
think
I
would.”
It’s
hard
to
tell
exactly
how
many
people
agree
with
him,
but
research
indicates
that
the
numbers
have
been
rising
for
some
time.
Official
reports
suggest
that
the
number
of
households
with
three
generations
living
together
had
risen
from
325,000
in
2001to
419,000
in
2013.
Other
varieties
of
multigenerational
family
are
more
common.
Some
people
live
with
their
elderly
parents;
many
more
adult
children
are
returning
to
the
family
home,
if
they
ever
left.
It
is
said
that
about
20%
of
25-34-year-olds
live
with
their
parents,
compared
with
16%
in
1991.The
total
number
of
all
multigenerational
households
in
Britain
is
thought
to
be
about
1.8
million.
Stories
like
that
are
more
common
in
parts
of
the
world
where
multigenerational
living
is
more
firmly
rooted.
In
India,
particularly
outside
cities,
young
women
are
expected
to
move
in
with
their
husband’s
family
when
they
get
married.
8.
Who
mainly
uses
the
ground
floor
in
the
Victorian
house
in
Bristol?
A.
Nick.
B.
Rita.
C.
Kathryn
D.
The
daughters.
9.
What
is
Nick’s
attitude
towards
sharing
the
house
with
his
mother-in
-law?
A.
Positive.
B.
Carefree.
C.
Tolerant.
D.
Unwilling.
10.
What
is
the
author’s
statement
about
multigenerational
family
based
on?
A.
Family
traditions.
B.
Financial
reports.
C.
Published
statistics.
D.
Public
opinions.
11.
What
is
the
text
mainly
about?
A.
Lifestyles
in
different
countries.
B.
Conflicts
between
generations.
C.
A
housing
problem
in
Britain.
D.
A
rising
trend
of
living
in
the
UK.
Passage
4（2020·江苏·B）
Sometimes
it’s
hard
to
let
go.
For
many
British
people,
that
can
apply
to
institutions
and
objects
that
represent
their
country’s
past-age-old
castles,
splendid
homes…
and
red
phone
boxes.
Beaten
first
by
the
march
of
technology
and
lately
by
the
terrible
weather
in
junkyards
(废品场),
the
phone
boxes
representative
of
an
age
are
now
making
something
of
a
comeback.
Adapted
in
imaginative
ways,
many
have
reappeared
on
city
streets
and
village
greens
housing
tiny
cafes,
cellphone
repair
shops
or
even
defibrillator
machines
(除颤器).
The
original
iron
boxes
with
the
round
roofs
first
appeared
in
1926.
They
were
designed
by
Giles
Gilbert
Scott,
the
architect
of
the
Battersea
Power
Station
in
London.
After
becoming
an
important
part
of
many
British
streets,
the
phone
boxes
began
disappearing
in
the
1980s,
with
the
rise
of
the
mobile
phone
sending
most
of
them
away
to
the
junkyards.
About
that
time,
Tony
Inglis’
engineering
and
transport
company
got
the
job
to
remove
phone
boxes
from
the
streets
and
sell
them
out.
But
Inglis
ended
up
buying
hundreds
of
them
himself,
with
the
idea
of
repairing
and
selling
them.
He
said
that
he
had
heard
the
calls
to
preserve
the
boxes
and
had
seen
how
some
of
them
were
listed
as
historic
buildings.
As
Inglis
and,
later
other
businessmen,
got
to
work,
repurposed
phone
boxes
began
reappearing
in
cities
and
villages
as
people
found
new
uses
for
them.
Today,
they
are
once
again
a
familiar
sight,
playing
roles
that
are
often
just
as
important
for
the
community
as
their
original
purpose.
In
rural
areas,
where
ambulances
can
take
a
relatively
long
time
to
arrive,
the
phone
boxes
have
taken
on
a
lifesaving
role.
Local
organizations
can
adopt
them
for
l
pound,
and
install
defibrillators
to
help
in
emergencies.
Others
also
looked
at
the
phone
boxes
and
saw
business
opportunities.
LoveFone,
a
company
that
advocates
repairing
cellphones
rather
than
abandoning
them,
opened
a
mini
workshop
in
a
London
phone
box
in
2016.
The
tiny
shops
made
economic
sense,
according
to
Robert
Kerr,
a
founder
of
LoveFone.
He
said
that
one
of
the
boxes
generated
around
$13,500
in
revenue
a
month
and
cost
only
about
$400
to
rent.
Inglis
said
phone
boxes
called
to
mind
an
age
when
things
were
built
to
last.
I
“like
what
they
are
to
people,
and
I
enjoy
bringing
things
back,”
he
said.
12.
The
phone
boxes
are
making
a
comeback
______.
A.
to
form
a
beautiful
sight
of
the
city
B.
to
improve
telecommunications
services
C.
to
remind
people
of
a
historical
period
D.
to
meet
the
requirement
of
green
economy
13.
Why
did
the
phone
boxes
begin
to
go
out
of
service
in
the
1980s?
A.
They
were
not
well-designed.
B.
They
provided
bad
services.
C.
They
had
too
short
a
history.
D.
They
lost
to
new
technologies.
14.
The
phone
boxes
are
becoming
popular
mainly
because
of
______.
A.
their
new
appearance
and
lower
prices
B.
the
push
of
the
local
organizations
C.
their
changed
roles
and
functions
D.
the
big
funding
of
the
businessmen
Passage
5（2020·天津·A）
How
to
Use
a
Modern
Public
Library
Has
it
been
a
while
since
your
last
visit
to
a
public
library?
If
so,
you
may
be
surprised
to
learn
that
libraries
have
changed
for
the
better.
It’s
been
years
since
they
were
dusty
little
rooms
with
books.
They
have
transformed
themselves
into
places
where
you
can
develop
your
love
of
knowledge
meet
interesting
people,
or
find
out
how
to
start
a
business.
Check
out
a
book.
While
libraries
still
loan
out(出借)books,
you’ll
find
it
easier
to
get
a
copy
of
whatever
you’re
looking
for,
thanks
to
a
cooperative
network
of
area
libraries.
Via
such
networks,
libraries
share
their
books
with
each
other
through
the
use
of
delivery
vehicles.
Once
the
book
you’ve
requested
is
delivered
to
the
nearest
branch,
they
will
inform
you
by
e-mail,
so
you
can
pick
it
up.
Check
out
other
items.
The
library
is
now
a
multimedia
zone,
loaded
with
information
in
many
formats(载体形式).
You
can
borrow
movies
on
DVDs,
music
on
CDs,
and
popular
magazines.
Some
libraries
even
loan
out
toys
and
games.
If
a
popular
magazine
you
want
isn’t
offered
and
the
library
keeps
a
list
of
such
requests,
they
may
bring
it
in
when
enough
interest
is
shown.
Join
targeted
reading
groups.
Libraries
will
often
hold
reading-group
sessions
targeted
to
various
age
groups.
Perhaps
you’d
like
to
learn
a
language
or
improve
your
English.
The
library
may
sponsor
a
language
group
you
could
join.
If
you
have
difficulties
reading,
ask
about
special
reading
opportunities.
Your
library
might
be
able
to
accommodate
you.
And
you
might
find
it
relaxing
to
bring
your
small
kid
to
a
half-hour
Story
Time
while
you
sit
quietly
in
a
corner
with
a
good
book.
Start
a
business
using
the
help
of
your
local
library.
If
you
want
to
have
a
business
of
your
own,
your
local
library
can
become
a
launch
space
for
it.
In
library
books
and
computers,
you
can
find
information
on
starting
a
business.
Many
libraries
will
help
you
with
locally
supplied
information
about
business
management
shared
through
chambers
of
commerce(商会)and
government
agencies,
and
they
will
offer
printing,
faxing
and
database
services
you
need.
15.
Public
libraries
connected
by
a
cooperative
network
benefit
readers
by______.
A.
sharing
their
books
on
the
Internet
B.
giving
access
to
online
reading
at
a
library
branch
C.
sending
a
needed
book
to
a
library
branch
nearby
D.
making
the
checkout
procedures
diverse
16.
According
to
Paragraph
3,
what
items
may
be
checked
out
from
a
public
library?
A.
A
magazine
and
an
e-book.
B.
A
game
and
an
oil
painting.
C.
A
music
CD
and
a
kid’s
toy.
D.
A
DVD
and
a
video
player
17.
As
is
described
in
Paragraph
4,
taking
a
small
kid
to
a
half-hour
Story
Time
allows
______.
A.
the
kid
to
learn
a
new
language
B.
the
parent
to
enjoy
quiet
reading
C.
the
kid
to
overcome
reading
difficulties
D.
the
parent
to
meet
their
program
sponsor
18.
Your
local
library
can
help
you
start
a
business
by
______.
A.
providing
relevant
information
and
supporting
services
B.
offering
professional
advice
on
business
management
C.
supplying
useful
information
of
your
potential
buyers
D.
arranging
meetings
with
government
officials
19.
What
is
the
purpose
of
the
passage?
A.
To
point
out
the
importance
of
public
libraries.
B.
To
encourage
people
to
work
in
public
libraries.
C.
To
introduce
the
improved
services
of
public
libraries.
D.
To
call
for
the
modernization
of
public
library
systems.
应用文模拟题
2020届模拟题
A（2020届浙江省绍兴市高三4月试适应性试卷）
COURTESY
PAUL
BOZYMOWSKI-Three
New
York
City
police
officers
paid
for
a
woman’s
groceries
rather
than
arresting
her.
As
temperatures
approached
90
degrees
in
New
York
City
last
July
4th,
three
police
officers
ducked
into
a
Whole
Foods
Market
to
get
something
cold
to
drink.
What
they
walked
into
was
a
heated
human
drama.
Once
inside,
the
cops,
Lt.
Louis
Sojo
and
Officers
Esanidy
Cuevas
and
Michael
Rivera,
were
approached
by
a
store
security
guard
who
asked
for
help
with
a
suspected
shoplifter.
The
woman
in
question
didn’t
have
the
look
of
a
career
criminal.
She
was
obviously
scared,
and
her
cheeks
were
wet
with
tears.
The
cops
peeked
inside
her
bag.
“All
we
saw
was
containers
of
food.”
Cuevas
told
CBS
New
York.
"I’m
hungry,"
she
explained
quietly.
Caught
red-handed,
the
woman
no
doubt
expected
to
be
sentenced
to
jail
for
the
crime
of
being
hungry
while
poor.
But
the
cops
had
other
ideas.
“We’ll
pay
for
her
food,”
Sojo
told
the
surprised
security
guard.
There’d
been
no
discussion
among
the
three
men.
It
went
unsaid.
Instead,
they
picked
up
the
woman’s
bag
and
accompanied
her
to
a
cash
register,
where
each
took
out
$10
to
pay
the
tab.
She
would
not
be
arrested
today.
All
the
woman
could
do
was
weep
in
gratitude.
Covering
her
face
with
a
kerchief
and
drying
her
eyes,
she
repeated,
“Thank
you,
thank
you.”
She
wasn’t
the
only
one
touched
by
this
act
of
mercy.
“It
was
a
very
beautiful,
genuine
moment,”
says
Paul
Bozymowski,
who
was
at
the
store.
He
was
so
taken
by
what
he’d
witnessed
that
he
posted
a
photo
on
Twitter
for
all
to
see.
But
attention
was
never
what
the
officers
sought.
They
were
driven
by
a
far
more
common
emotion.
As
Sojo
told
CNN,
“When
you
look
at
someone’s
face
and
see
that
they
need
you
and
they’re
actually
hungry,
it’s
pretty
difficult
as
a
human
being
to
walk
away
from
something
like
this.”
1.
What
can
be
learnt
about
the
woman
from
the
passage?
A.
She
had
stolen
in
the
shop
several
times
before.
B.
She
was
caught
on
the
spot
by
three
police
officers.
C.
She
was
found
innocent
and
would
not
be
arrested.
D.
She
was
forced
to
commit
the
crime
due
to
the
dilemma
of
life.
2.
Paul
Bozymowski
posted
a
photo
on
Twitter
to
.
A.
appeal
for
sympathy
for
the
people
in
need
B.
express
his
gratitude
to
the
police
officers
C.
show
more
people
the
cops’
act
of
kindness
D.
record
the
unforgettable
moment
in
his
life
3.
What
drove
the
three
police
officers
to
pay
for
the
woman?
A.
Their
great
devotion
to
work
B.
A
deep
sense
of
being
human
C.
The
attraction
of
the
public
attention
D.
Their
different
attitude
towards
shoplifting
B（2020届山东省青岛市高三第三次模拟）
Innovative
Designs
for
Accessibility
Deadline:
2020-04-30
Award:
$
7,500
CAD
Open
to:
University
students
The
Innovative(创新的)
Designs
for
Accessibility
student
competition
challenges
students
across
Canada
to
use
their
creativity
to
develop
innovative,
cost-effective
and
practical
solutions
to
accessibility
barriers
for
people
with
disabilities.
(Read
more)
Clean
Tech
Competition
Deadline:
2020-04-13
Award:
$
28,000
Open
to:
Students
13-15
years
old
The
Clean
Tech
Competition
is
a
unique,
worldwide
research
and
design
challenge
for
pre-college
youth.
The
competition
is
designed
to
build
a
deeper
understanding
of
STEM
(science,
technology,
engineering,
and
math)
related
concepts,
recognize
outstanding
talent,
and
prepare
the
next
generation
of
globally
competitive
innovators.
(Read
more)
Agile
Robotics
Competition
Deadline:
2020-04-10
Award:
$
17,500
Open
to:
Adults
Agile
Robotics
Competition
is
a
simulation-based(仿真)
competition
designed
to
promote
agility(灵活)
in
industrial
robot
systems
by
employing
the
latest
advances
in
artificial
intelligence
and
robot
planning.
The
competition
will
be
held
virtually(虚拟的),
so
there
is
no
need
to
travel
to
compete.
The
competition
will
use
the
Gazebo
simulation
tool.
(Read
more)
Wearable
Robotics
Innovation
Challenge
Deadline:
2020-04-24
Award:
$
5,000
Open
to:
Everyone
The
Wearable
Robotics
Association
is
inviting
entries
that
represent
the
most
innovative
new
ideas
in
wearable
robotic
technology.
The
review
committee
will
select
as
many
as
ten
finalists.
The
one
considered
to
be
the
most
innovative
will
be
announced
at
the
conference
and
will
receive
$
5,000
to
accelerate
the
new
technology.
(Read
more)
1.
Which
competition
favors
competitors
with
a
creative
mind
in
helping
the
disabled?
A.
Innovative
Designs
for
Accessibility.
B.
Clean
Tech
Competition.
C.
Agile
Robotics
Competition.
D.
Wearable
Robotics
Innovation
Challenge.
2.
What’s
the
aim
of
Clean
Tech
Competition?
A.
To
make
a
research
about
STEM.
B.
To
encourage
university
students
to
be
innovators.
C.
To
help
students
prepare
for
the
university.
D.
To
find
talented
teenagers
and
develop
their
ability
to
innovate.
3.
What
can
we
know
about
the
four
competitions?
A.
They
are
open
to
everyone.
B.
Every
competitor
can
get
an
award.
C.
They
are
held
in
April.
D.
They
are
held
virtually.
C（2020届山东省威海市文登区高三下学期一轮总复习）
TGBWP(the
Great
Books
Winter
Program)
is
an
experience
like
no
other
in
American
education.
For
the
past
eleven
years,
TGBWP
has
gathered
outstanding
middle
and
high
school
students
from
across
the
world
to
read
selections
from
the
greatest
works
of
literature,
experience
college-level
lectures,
engage
in
lively
discussions
and
enjoy
winter
camp
fun
with
other
literary-minded
students.
Here
is
a
sample
of
what
you
will
get
at
Great
Books:
Membership
in
an
international
community
of
enthusiastic
young
learners
and
distinguished
college
teachers
who
read
and
discuss
great
books
and
big
ideas.
You
will
discuss
the
likes
of
Plato,
Mark
Twain,
Dickens,
and
Tolstoy
with
other
teens
from
around
the
globe
who
love
literature
just
as
much
as
you
do!
Find
your
voice
in
the
classroom.
TGBWP
gives
students
the
opportunity
to
grow
academically
and
socially
as
they
prepare
for
high
school
and
college.
Open
discussions
encourage
students
to
express
themselves
and
give
power
to
their
ideas.
Students
gain
confidence
in
their
ability
to
read
a
text
closely
and
express
their
ideas
clearly
both
orally
and
in
writing.
Experience
time
away
from
home
and
spend
it
at
a
top
college
—
choose
from
two
campus
settings:
Amherst
College
in
Massachusetts
and
Stanford
University
in
California.
This
is
the
perfect
opportunity
to
preview
life
on
a
college
campus!
Don’t
miss
this
opportunity
to
join
students
from
47
states
and
28
countries
in
this
unique
learning
environment.
Categories
Reading/Writing
Arts/Photography/Film
Music/Singing/Dancing
Travel/
Touring
Academic/Pre-College
Ages
11-18
Type
Overnight/Residential
More
information:
CLICK
HERE
1.
What
do
we
know
about
TGBWP?
A.
A
course
on
literacy
skills
improvement.
B.
An
education
department
of
universities.
C.
A
camp
suitable
for
teen
literature
lovers.
D.
A
program
of
studying
American
literature.
2.
What
does
TGBWP
offer
its
participants
according
to
the
text?
A.
College-level
evaluation
in
literature.
B.
Admissions
to
world
famous
universities.
C.
Free
literature
courses
and
literature
works.
D.
Chances
to
experience
college
life
beforehand.
3.
Suppose
this
text
is
an
Ad,
what
else
must
be
included
in
“More
information”?
A.
Contact
information.
B.
Membership
benefits.
C.
Registration
requirements.
D.
Activity
arrangements.
D（2020届湖北省黄冈市麻城市实验中学高三模拟）
Kids
Flying
Alone
Guide
Helpful
tips
for
children
traveling
alone
Airline
Age
Fee
per
child
(each
way).
Notes
Air
TranAirways
6
to
8
years
old
—
non-stop
or
direct
flights
only
$
48
for
a
non-stop
flight
Unaccompanied
children.
American
6
to
8
years
old
—
non-stop
or
direct
flights
only
$
110
Flights
for
unaccompanied
children
cannot
be
booked
online.
BritishAirways
7
to
15
years
old
—
can
travel
alone
on
connecting
flights
$
60
for
flights
within
UK
Flights
for
unaccompanied
children
cannot
be
booked
online.
FrontierAirlines
6
to
15
years
old
—
non-stop
or
direct
flights
or
connecting
flights
$
60
for
non-stop
or
direct
flights$120
for
connecting
flights
Flights
for
unaccompanied
children
cannot
be
booked
online.
Before
the
flight:
Try
to
book
a
morning
flight.
If
it
is
delayed
or
canceled,
you
have
the
rest
of
the
day
to
make
alternate
planes.
Make
sure
your
child
doesn’t
wear
any
clothing
that
has
his
or
her
name
on
it,
which
would
make
it
easier
for
a
stranger
to
convince
a
child
he
can
be
trusted.
At
the
airport:
Make
sure
the
flight
attendants
know
that
your
child
is
traveling
alone.
Make
sure
that
he
or
she
will
be
seated
in
an
area
of
the
aircraft
that’s
convenient
for
attendants
to
keep
an
eye
on
—
the
very
front
of
very
back
of
the
aircraft
is
ideal.
Register
your
child’s
travel
plans
with
the
U.
S.
State
Department,
which
can
provide
assistance
in
an
emergency.
This
is
a
free
service.
What
to
pack:
Cell
phone:
If
your
child
doesn’t
have
a
cell
phone,
buy
him
or
her
a
pay-as-you-go
phone
at
a
cell
phone
retailer
(零售店)
so
he
or
she
has
an
easy
form
of
communication
for
emergencies.
Gift
cards:
Invest
in
a
few
pre-paid
gift
cards
worth
$
25
or
$
50,
This
will
reduce
the
worry
of
traveling
with
a
large
amount
of
cash.
Family/
friends
contact
information:
Give
your
child
a
complete
list
of
names,
numbers
and
addresses
of
the
people
who
are
picking
your
child
up
at
the
airport.
1.
How
much
should
you
pay
if
your
child
aged
eleven
travels
alone
on
a
connecting
flight
by
Frontier
Airlines?
A.
$
50.
B.
$
75.
C.
$
120.
D.
$
160.
2.
What
can
we
learn
from
the
passage?
A.
Juice
or
water
can’t
be
brought
onto
the
aircraft.
B.
Unaccompanied
children
can’t
fly
on
the
last
flight
of
the
day.
C.
Pay-as-you-go
phones
are
provided
for
free
at
the
airport
for
children
without
cell
phones.
D.
Parents
can
register
children’s
travel
plans
with
the
U.
S.
State
Department
for
free.
3.
Which
of
the
following
is
recommended
for
unaccompanied
children?
A.
Booking
them
morning
flights.
B.
Giving
them
a
large
amount
of
cash.
C.
Making
them
sit
in
the
middle
of
the
aircraft.
D.
Dressing
them
in
clothing
with
their
names
on
it.
E（江西省高安中学2017-2018学年高二上学期期末考试）
China
is
a
big
country,
and
there
is
no
simple
answer
to
the
question
“When
is
the
best
time
to
visit
China?
”
There
are
two
best
times
to
visit
China,
depending
on
your
preference.
October
Things
to
do:
hike
on
the
Great
Wall,
photography
tour
Places
to
visit:
Beijing,
Xi’an,
Shanghai,
Guilin,Jiuzhaigou,
Chengdu
The
best
time
to
go
to
China
is
early
autumn
(October).
Most
of
China
has
warm
temperatures,
and
the
summer
rains
have
stopped
(apart
from
around
HongKong
and
Sanya)
so
it’s
pretty
dry.
The
autumnn
colours
are
also
amazing.
It
is
quiet
at
tourist
attractions
for
most
of
the
month,
as
the
summer
holiday
travel
crowds
have
gone.
But
try
to
avoid
October
1
st
-7
th,
which
is
the
Chinese
National
Day
holiday,
as
attractions,
transport
and
hotels
are
packed
with
Chinese
tourists
and
prices
go
up
a
lot.
Late
Spring
(April
to
May)
Things
to
do:
appreciate
flowers,
Li
River
cruise,
ethnic
festivals
Places
to
visit:
Beijing,
Xi’an,
Guilin,
Huangshan,
GuiZhou,
Zhangjiajie
The
second-best
time
to
travel
to
China
is
probably
in
April
and
May,
when
the
flowers
are
in
bloom
and
the
temperatures
are
warming
up.
In
late
spring,
temperatures
across
China
are
getting
into
the
20s
(℃),
except
the
extreme
northwest
and
northeast.
While
the
North
of
China
is
still
dry,
the
summer
rains
have
already
begun
in
the
South.
This
could
actually
improve
the
view
in
the
form
of
mountain
fog
in
mountainous
areas
like
the
Li
River
and
the
Yellow
Mountains.
Ethnic
festivals
in
GuiZhou
are
concentrated
in
April
and
May,
such
as
the
Sisters’
Meal
Festival.
If
you
are
interested
in
Miao
and
Dong
ethnic
cultures,
this
is
a
good
time
to
visit.
Travel
prices
are
average:
cheaper
than
June
to
October,
but
more
expensive
than
the
lower
season
from
November
to
March.
1.
Which
time
is
best
if
you
want
to
attend
the
ethnic
festivals
in
GuiZhou?
A.
April
25
th.
B.
June
17
th.
C.
October
1
st.
D.
November
9
th.
2.
Which
are
the
best
places
to
visit
in
both
October
and
late
spring?
A.
Beijing
and
Zhangjiajie.
B.
Shanghai
and
GuiZhou.
C.
Xi’an
and
Guilin.
D.
Huangshan
and
Jiuzhaigou.
3.
Why
is
late
spring
the
best
time
to
visit
Huangshan?
A.
Because
the
summer
rains
haven’t
come
yet.
B.
Because
the
wet
weather
adds
to
its
beauty.
C.
Because
there
are
several
special
festivals
there.
D.
Because
the
prices
are
the
lowest
of
the
year.
F（2020届四川省眉山市彭山区第一中学高三高考适应性考试）
Four
Excellent
American
Universities
Princeton
University
Princeton
University
is
a
private
institution
founded
in
1746.
Located
in
Princeton,
New
Jersey,
it
offers
various
events,
activities
and
organizations.
Famous
alumni
include
the
28th
US
President
Woodrow
Wilson
and
former
first
lady
Michelle
Obama.
Harvard
University
Harvard
University
is
a
private
institution
founded
in
1636.
Located
outside
Boston
in
Cambridge,
Massachusetts,
it
is
made
up
of
more
than
10
schools
and
institutes.
Eight
US
presidents
graduated
from
Harvard,
including
Franklin
Roosevelt
and
John
F.
Kennedy.
Massachusetts
Institute
of
Technology
MIT
is
a
private
institution
founded
in
1861.
Located
outside
Boston
in
Cambridge,
Massachusetts,
MIT
focuses
on
scientific
and
technological
research.
Famous
alumni
include
Apollo
11
astronaut
Buzz
Aldrin
and
former
UN
Secretary
General
Kofi
Annan.
Yale
University
Yale
University
is
a
private
institution
founded
in
1701.
Located
in
New
Haven,
Connecticut,
it
is
known
for
its
excellent
drama
and
music
programs.
Famous
alumni
include
five
US
presidents
and
actress
Meryl
Streep.
1.
Which
university
has
the
longest
history?
A.
Princeton
University.
B.
Harvard
University.
C.
Massachusetts
Institute
of
Technology.
D.
Yale
University.
2.
What
do
we
know
about
Yale
University?
A.
It
provides
various
events,
activities
and
organizations.
B.
It
concentrates
on
scientific
and
technological
research.
C.
It
is
the
university
that
John
F.
Kennedy
graduated
from.
D.
It
is
known
for
its
excellent
drama
and
music
programs.
3.
What
do
the
four
universities
have
in
common?
A.
They
are
all
private
institutions.
B.
They
are
all
named
after
cities.
C.
They
are
all
located
in
Cambridge.
D.
They
all
have
more
than
10
schools.
G（2020届西藏拉萨市高三第一次模拟考试）
RAF
Flypast
Tuesday,
central
London
raf.
mod.
uk
More
than
one
hundred
airplanes,
from
Spitfires
to
the
Lightning,
will
be
coming
together.
The
amazing
once-in-a-lifetime
display
is
expected
to
pass
over
Buckingham
Palace
at
around
1
pm.
Petfringe
Sunday,
Petworth,
West
Sussex
petfringe.
co.uk
Petworth,
home
of
the
17th-century
Grade
I
listed
Petworth
House,
is
the
setting
for
this
definitely-not-animal-related
festival,
featuring
everything
from
classical
music
to
theatre
and
film
screenings.
Petfringe
also
hosts
the
final
of
its
Comedian
Of
The
Year
competition,
where
the
winner
will
take
home
￡10,001—the
UK’s
largest
stand-up
prize.
Fast
Fringe
Monday,
Underbelly
Festival,
Southbank,
London
underbelly
Imagine
going
to
the
Edinburgh
Fringe
but
don’t
know
who
to
see?
This
will
help—it’s
a
showcase
(展示)
of
28
Scotland-bound
acts
each
performing
three-minute-teasers
of
their
sets.
Acts
include
Lost
Voice
Guy,
who
has
already
been
an
overnight
success
thanks
to
his
“Britain’s
Got
Talent”
win.
Henley
Festival
October
11-15,
Henley-on-Thames
henleyfestival.
co.uk
There’s’
much
to
enjoy
here,
whether
you’re
fond
of
comedy,
the
arts,
or
opera
(歌剧).
Black
tie
is
a
must,
as
is
drinking
Pimm’s.
As
You
Like
It
October
28,
Open
Air
Theatre,
Regent’s
Park,
London
Bill
Shakespeare’s
comedy
in
the
Forest
of
Arden
is
directed
by
Max
Webster,
and
comes
to
Regent’s
Park.
It
features
new
music
too.
1.
Which
event
includes
airplane
shows?
A.
Petfringe.
B.
Fast
Fringe.
C.
RAF
Flypast.
D.
Henley
Festival.
2.
What
do
we
know
about
Petfringe?
A.
It
is
held
on
Monday.
B.
It
is
festival
for
animal
lovers.
C.
It
sets
up
an
award
for
comedians.
D.
It
hosts
“Britain’s
Got
Talent”
competition.
3.
What
do
Henley
Festival
and
As
You
Like
It
have
in
common?
A.
They
are
suitable
for
comedy
fans.
B.
They
are
planned
by
Max
Webster.
C.
They
will
take
place
on
the
same
day.
D.
They
require
visitors
to
wear
black
tie.
考点详解
检测训练解密13
阅读理解之细节理解题
高考中细节理解题通常占阅读理解题总数的一半以上。2014年新课标全国卷考区及其他各考区的高考试题中考查细节理解的题目占阅读理解题目总数的55%左右。
细节理解题要求考生对阅读材料中的某一具体事实和细节进行理解。它们大都是根据文章中的具体信息如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等进行提问的。有些问题可以在文章中直接找到答案，有些则需要我们在理解的基础上将有关内容系统化才能找到，比如计算、排序、是非判断、图形比较等。
常见的命题方式通常有：
1.特殊疑问句形式。以when,
where,
what,
which,
who,
how
much/many等疑问词开头引出的问题；
2.
以是非题的形式。true
/false,
not
true
/
false或EXCEPT，近年这种题型较少；
3.
以According
to…
开头提问方式；
4.
以填空题的形式，如：
（1）To
avoid
attracting
mountain
lions,
people
are
advised________.
（2）By
the
first
sentence
of
the
passage
author
means
that________.
（3）It
seems
that
now
a
country’s
economy
depends
much
on________.
（4）If
you
are
interested
in
knowing
about
what
people’s
life
will
be,
you
may
visit________.
（5）The
policemen
were
told
“to
look
the
other
way”
(the
underlined
part
in
Paragraph
2)
so
that________.
（6）The
policeman
who
said
“Good
evening”
to
Rolls
wanted
to________.
5.
就文中数字、排序、识图等提问。
做细节理解题时，大多数学生易出现的问题是阅读速度太慢，缺乏一定的快速阅读技巧，考生要培养自己快速获取信息的能力。解答此类试题时，不必通篇细看原文，而常常可采取
“带着问题找答案”的方法．先从问题中抓住关键性词语。然后以此为线索。要快速地辨认和记忆事实或细节，就要恰当地运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的段落、语句．仔细品味，对照比较．确定答案。除了运用扫读法(scanning)外，还可以兼用排除法．将“无此细节”和“与此细节相反”的选项排除。
了解细节题干扰选项的特点也有助于考生提高答题的正确率。一般情况下，干扰项有如下几个特点：（1）是原文信息，但不是题目要求的内容；（2）符合常识，但不是文章内容；（3）与原文的内容极其相似，只是在程度上有些变动；（4）在意思上与原文大相径庭甚至完全相反；（5）部分正确，部分错误。
有的细节理解题只要直接辨认不要求读者对客观的事实作出解释或判断，只要求从阅读材料中直接获取信息。同时还要求读者记住重要细节，在必要的时候（做判断、推断或结论的时候）能够准确而迅速地将他们回忆起来。解此类题要求考生快速抓住原文中的关键信息，直接得出答案，但要注意往往答案与原文中的语句并非一模一样，而是用不同的词语或句型结构表达相同的意思。有的细节理解题就需要通过有关词语和句子的转换。利用主要事实、图表、图形来获取信息，然后利用因果、类比、时间、空间等关系将零碎的细节经过一系列加工、整理，方能做出正确的判断．此类试题在高考中占大多数。
值得一提的是，有时原文中的信息可能只是一个短语，甚至一个单词，因此需要我们在阅读中特别仔细才能捕捉到真正有用的信息。
细节理解题大致有如下几种常考题型：
题型一
描写类细节题
描写类细节题，常常考查考生对文中有关人物动作、思想感情、心理活动、观点，或事件的起因、发展、过程、结果等方面的理解。这类描写信息往往较直接，一般不太需要考生对它们进行较深入的理解，对于该类题，考生一般都可以较直接地从原文中找到与题目对应的有关信息。
(2020·全国卷I
A)
Train
Information
All
customers
travelling
on
Transl
ink
services
must
be
in
possession
of
a
valid
ticket
before
boarding.
For
ticket
information,
please
ask
at
your
local
station
or
call
13
1230.
While
Queensland
Rail
makes
every
effort
to
ensure
trains
run
as
scheduled
there
can
be
no
guarantee
of
connections
between
trains
or
between
train
services
and
bus
service
Lost
property(失物招领)
Call
Lost
Property
on
13
16
17
during
business
hours
for
items
lost
on
Queensland
Rail
services.
The
lost
property
office
is
open
Monday
to
Friday
7:30
am
to
5:
00
pm
and
is
located
(11)
at
Roma
Street
station
Public
holidays
On
public
holidays,
generally
a
Sunday
timetable
operates.
On
certain
major
event
days,
i.
e.
Australia
Day,
Anzac
Day,
sporting
and
cultural
days,
special
additional
services
may
operate.
Christmas
Day
services
operate
to
a
Christmas
Day
timetable.
Before
travel
please
visit
.
au
or
call
TransLink
on
13
12
30
anytime.
Customers
using
mobility
devices
Many
stations
have
wheelchair
access
from
the
car
park
or
entrance
to
station
platforms.
For
assistance,
please
call
Queensland
Rail
on
13
1617
Guardian
trains
(outbound)
Depart
Origin
Destination
Arrive
6:42pm
Altandi
Varsity
Lakes
7:37pm
7:29pm
Central
Varsity
Lakes
8:52pm
8:57pm
Fortitude
Valley
Varsity
Lakes
9:52pm
11:02pm
Roma
Street
Varsity
Lakes
12:22am
21.
What
would
you
do
to
get
ticket
information?
A.ca1l
13
16
17
B.
Visit
.
at
C.
Ask
at
the
local
station.
D.
Check
the
train
schedule
22.
At
which
station
can
you
find
the
lost
property
office?
A.
Altandi
B.
Roma
Street.
C.
Varsity
Lakes.
D.
Fortitude
valley.
23.Which
train
would
you
take
if
you
go
from
Central
to
Varsity
Lakes:
A.6:42pm.
B.7:29pm.
C.8:57
D.11:02
语篇解读:本文是一篇应用文,文章介绍了来坐火车的相关信息
21选C细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句”
For
ticket
information,
please
ask
at
your
local
on
or
call1l31230.”可知,答案选C。
22选B细节理解题。根据第三段的第二句“
The
lost
property
office
is
open
Monday
to
Friday
7:30
am
to
5:00
pm
and
is
located(位于)
nt
Roma
Street
station.”可知,答案选B。
23.选B细节理解题。根据文中最后表格的内容可知,从
Central到
Varsity
Lakes的列车的出
发时间为晚上7:29。
题型二
信息寻找题、广告阅读题
信息寻找题一般在应用文体中较常见，体现于查字典、阅读广告、公告、演出海报、车船航班时间表等之中。这类阅读材料包含的某一方面的信息非常全面，能满足各种人对信息的需求，但在高考试题中，常常是就某一方面提问，考生完全没有必要从头到尾仔细阅读，因为材料中有很多冗余无效信息。做此类题时，宜采用“题干定全法”。即：先阅读题干，然后根据问题要求，有针对性地阅读相关部分快速寻找有效信息。
广告是阅读理解题常考的一种题材。广告属应用文体。严格来说广告属快速寻找信息题。但是广告有着其他快速寻找信息题不同的特点。广告文体简洁明快，省略了大量的词语，达到了篇幅小、信息多的目的。同时具有语言精练，形象性、鼓动性强的良好效果。广告阅读题多为细节理解题，关键在于正确理解广告内容。考生必须具备较强的语言运用能力，熟悉文化背景，利用各种手段（如：补全、联想、推测等）正确解读广告的内容。通常运用“补全成分法”和“联想推测法”两种方法来解读广告的内容。做题方法同样采用“题干定向法”。
（1）补全成分法
省略名在广告体阅读材料中大量出现，可以说广告阅读理解材料中大多数句子都是省略句。我们应结合全文语境及逻辑关系将省略句补全，从而更加准确地理解。如：Driver
wanted.
根据文义，可将该句补充为：A
driver
will
be
wanted.
(招聘一名司机)。
（2）联想推测法
在些广告时间、日期、地点、电话、票价等用了缩略词，甚至一概没有提及，这就需要考生前后连贯，充分想象，整体理解。搜寻已知信息，推断语篇意义。
为节省篇幅，特别是在商业广告中，常使用缩写词，尽管有些缩写不太规范，但却常用，常见的缩写词有：
Tel.
=telephone
number
Ph.
=phone
Add
(r).
=address
co.
=company
Ltd=Limited
Max=maximum
Min=minimum
hr=hour
t=time
fig=figure
ft=foot
ml=mile
doz=dozen
Mt=Mountain
P=page
prof.
=professor
Dr.
=doctor
s=south
n=north
w=west
Sta=Station
pop=popular
vs=versus
Xmas=Christmas
info=information
VIP=very
important
persons
hrs=hours
aft=after
ad=advertisement
p/t=part
time
exp=experienced
PC=personal
computer
MA=Master
of
Arts
BS
degree=bachelor's
degree
(学士学位)
(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)
The
Lake
District
Attractions
Guide
Dalemain
Mansion
Historic
Gardens
History,
Culture
&
Landscape
(t
X).
Discover
and
enjoy
4
centuries
of
history,
5
acres
of
celebrated
and
award-winning
gardens
with
parkland
walk.
Owned
by
the
Hasell
family
since
1679,
home
to
the
International
Marmalade
Festival.
Gifts
and
antiques,
plant
sales,
museums
&
Mediaeval
Hall
Tearoom.
Open:29Mar-29
Oct,
Sun
to
Thurs
Tearoom,
Gardens
Gift
Shop:
10.
30-17.
00(16.
00
in
Oct)
House:11.15-16.00(15.00
in
Oct).
Town:
Pooley
Bridge
&.
Penrith
Abbot
Hall
Art
Gallery
Museum
Those
viewing
the
quality
of
Abbot
Hall's
temporary
exhibitions
may
be
forgiven
for
thinking
they
are
in
a
city
gallery.
The
impressive
permanent
collection
includes
Turners
and
Romneys
and
the
temporary
exhibition
programme
has
Canaletto
and
the
artists
from
St
Ives.
Open:
Mon
to
Sat
and
Summer
Sundays.
10.
30-17.00
Summer.
10.
30-16.
00
Winter
Town:
Kendal
Tullie
House
Museum
Art
Gallery
Tullie
House
Museum
Art
Gallery
Discover,
explore
and
enjoy
award-
winning
Tullie
House,
where
historic
collections,
contemporary
art
and
family
fun
are
brought
together
in
one
impressive
museum
and
art
gallery.
There
are
four
fantastic
galleries
to
visit
from
art
to
interactive
fun,
so
there
is
something
for
everyone!
Open:
High
Season
1
Apr-31
Oct:
Mon
to
Sat
10..
00,
Sun
11.00-17.00
Low
Season
I
Nov-31
Mar:
Mon
to
Sat
10
00-16.
30.
Sun
12.
00-16.30
Town:
Carlisle
Dove
Cottage&
The
Wordsworth
Museum
Discover
William
Wordsworths
inspirational
home.
Take
a
tour
of
his
Lakeland
cottage,
walk
through
his
hillside
garden
and
explore
the
riches
of
the
collection
in
the
Museum.
Visit
the
shop
and
relax
in
the
cafe.
Exhibitions,
events
and
family
activities
throughout
the
year.
Open:
Daily,
09.
30-17.
30(last
admission
17.00).
Town:
Grasmere
2I.
When
is
the
House
at
Dalemain
Mansion
&
Historic
Gardens
open
on
Sundays
A.09.30-17.30
B.10.30-16.00
C.11.15-16
D.12.00-16.30.
22.
What
can
visitors
do
at
Abbot
Hall
Art
Gallery
&
Museun?
A
Enjoy
Romney's
works
B.
Have
some
interactive
fun.
D.
Learn
the
history
of
a
family.
C.
Attend
a
famous
festival.
23.
Where
should
visitors
go
if
they
want
to
explore
Wordsworth's
life?
A.
Penrith
B.
Kendal.
C.
Carlisle,
D.
Grasmere
语篇解读:本文是一篇应用文,主要介绍了几个湖区景点,包括其营业时间及地点等
21.选C细节理解题,根据
Dalemain
Mansion&
Historic
Gardens部分中的信息“Hose
11.15-16.00(15.00
in
Oct),”可知,答案选C
22选A。细节里解题,根据
Abbot
Hall
Art
Gallery&
Museum部分中的信息“
The
impressive
permanent
collection
includes
Turners
and
Romneys
and
the
temporary
exhibition
programme
has
Canaletto
and
the
artists
from
St
Ives.”可知,游客可以在此处欣赏
Romney的作品,故
23.选D细节理解题,根据
Dove
Cottage&
The
Wordsworth
Museum部分中的信息“Town
Grasmere”可知,如果游客想探索
Wordsworth的生活可以去
Grasmere,故选D
题型三
数据计算题
此类试题一般要求考生能根据阅读材料中给出的有关数据，找出计算关系，通过计算，得出正确的结论。这类计算一般来说比较简单，关键是要弄清各数据间的逻辑关系，选准比较的数据，弄清单位换算关系，确定计算方法，问题便迎刃而解了。对于数据较多、项目复杂用时间或空间跨度较大的短文，通常可采用“列表法”，即按一定的规律将数据分门别类地列出，化模糊为清晰，为计算打下基础。对于相对不太复杂的数据，可采用“推算法”，即以有关数据为基准，进行简单的运算就可得出。
(全国新高考A）
POETRY
CHALLENGE
Write
a
poem
about
how
courage,
determination,
and
strength
have
helped
you
face
challenges
in
your
life.
Prizes
3
Grand
Prizes:Trip
to
Washington,
D.
C.
for
each
of
three
winners,
a
parent
and
one
other
person
of
the
winner’s
choice.
Trip
includes
round-trip
air
tickets,
hotel
stay
for
two
nights,
and
tours
of
the
National
Air
and
Space
Museum
and
the
office
of
National
Geographic
World.
6
First
Prizes:The
book
Sky
Pioneer:A
Photobiography
of
Amelia
Earhart
signed
by
author
Corinne
Szabo
and
pilot
Linda
Finch.
50
Honorable
Mentions:Judges
will
choose
up
to
50
honorable
mention
winners,
who
will
each
receive
a
T-shirt
in
memory
of
Earhart’s
final
flight.
Rules
Follow
all
rules
carefully
to
prevent
disqualification.
■Write
a
poem
using
100
words
or
fewer.
Your
poem
can
be
any
format,
any
number
of
lines.
■Write
by
hand
or
type
on
a
single
sheet
of
paper.
You
may
use
both
the
front
and
back
of
the
paper.
■On
the
same
sheet
of
paper,
write
or
type
your
name,
address,
telephone
number,
and
birth
date.
■Mail
your
entry
to
us
by
October
31
this
year.
1.
How
many
people
can
each
grand
prize
winner
take
on
the
free
trip?
A.
Two.
B.
Three.
C.
Four.
D.
Six.
【解析】
这是一篇应用文。本文是一篇诗歌大赛的征稿启事。文章就参赛作品的内容、奖项、参赛规则等做了介绍。
1.
A。细节理解题。根据Prizes部分中第一段中的“Trip
to
Washington,
D.C.
for
each
of
three
winners,
a
parent
and
one
other
person
of
the
winner's
choice”可知，每位获奖者都可以带一名家长和另一名由获奖者选择的人员。因此，每位获奖者可以带两个人。故选A。
题型四
排序题
这种试题要求考生根据事情发生的先后顺序和句子之间的逻辑关系，找出事件的正确顺序。
做此类题目可采用＂首尾定位法＂，即先找出第一个事件和最后一个事件，这样可以迅速缩小选择范围，从而迅速找到答案。阅读理解的文章如果是记叙文，排序题通常以事件发生的时间为线索；如果是说明文，排序题通常以说明的先后顺序为线索；如果是议论文，排序题通常以逻辑顺序为线索。从近几年高考试题来看，这类试题主要出现在记叙文和说明文中。
题型五
图文转换题
此类试题要求根据短文中的描写找出相应的图形，或根据图形选出相应的文字。可采用“文字锁定法”，即找出描述图形的句段，按“文”锁“图”，迅速锁定相关图形，或用“图形标示法”，在图形中标出相应的内容，以便做题。
The
Home
of
My
People
When
Lewis
and
Clark
stepped
onto
the
Weippe
Prairie
in
present-day
Idaho
in
September
1808,
they
met
the
Nez
Perce
Indians.
In
the
following
years,
the
white
explorers（探险者）began
to
fight
with
the
Indians
for
their
land.
Some
Nez
Perce
chiefs
signed
agreements
with
the
U.S.
government,
selling
part
of
their
lands.
But
the
government
always
broke
those
agreements
and
demanded
more
land.
Other
chiefs
refused
to
go
along
with
the
government’s
plans.
The
most
famous
was
Chief
Joseph,
whose
people
lived
in
the
Wallowa
Valley（present-day
Oregon）.
“In
order
to
have
all
people
understand
how
much
land
we
owned,
”
he
once
explained,
“my
father
planted
poles
around
it
and
said:
‘Inside
is
the
home
of
my
people…It
circled
around
the
graves（坟墓）of
our
fathers,
and
we
will
never
give
up
these
graves
to
any
man.
’”
But
in
1874,
the
U.S.
government
declared
the
valley
open
for
white
settlement
and
ordered
the
Nez
Perce
onto
a
reservation（保留地）.
Seeing
that
resistance
was
useless,
Chief
Joseph
agreed
to
move.
Later,
fighting
broke
out
between
the
Nez
Perce
and
U.S.
soldiers.
Chief
Joseph
tried
to
lead
his
people
to
Canada,
winning
several
battles
against
the
soldiers
during
their
flight.
But
finally,
he
was
forced
to
give
in.
1.
Which
historic
site
（on
the
map）lies
in
the
south
of
today’s
Nez
Perce
Reservation?
A.
Buffalo
Eddy.
B.
Dug
Bar.
C.
Joseph
Canyon
Viewpoint.
D.
Chief
Looking
Glass
Camp.
2.
What
can
we
learn
about
the
Nez
Perce
lands
from
the
map?
A.
They
were
in
the
state
of
Oregon.
B.
They
have
become
a
historic
site.
C.
They
have
become
much
smaller.
D.
They
were
limited
to
the
Wallowa
Valley.
【答案与解析】
1.D
此题考查学生的图示理解能力。首先要找到并标出现在Nez
Perce
Reservation所在的位置，然后找到它以南的历史景点。可以看到Chief
Looking
Glass
camp位于Nez
Perce
Reservation的南部。
2.C
从地图中我们可以看到，Nez
Perce原先所拥有的土地比现在Nez
Perce保留区的位置大多了。
6．代词指代题解题技能
代词指代题要求考生一定的上下文推测代词的指代意义。此类题一般是在人物或事物关系比较复杂的情况下使用的一种题型，所以理清人物及事物之间的逻辑关系是关键所在。
（全国新高考C篇）
In
the
mid-1990s,
Tom
Bissell
taught
English
as
a
volunteer
in
Uzbekistan.
He
left
after
seven
months,
physically
broken
and
having
lost
his
mind.
A
few
years
later,
still
attracted
to
the
country,
he
returned
to
Uzbekistan
to
write
an
article
about
the
disappearance
of
the
Aral
Sea.
His
visit,
however,
ended
up
involving
a
lot
more
than
that.
Hence
this
book,
Chasing
the
Sea:
Lost
Among
the
Ghosts
of
Empire
in
Central
Asia,
which
talks
about
a
road
trip
from
Tashkent
to
Karakalpakstan,
where
millions
of
lives
have
been
destroyed
by
the
slow
drying
up
of
the
sea.
It
is
the
story
of
an
American
travelling
to
a
strange
land,
and
of
the
people
he
meets
on
his
way:
Rustam,
his
translator,
a
lovely
24-year-old
who
picked
up
his
colorful
English
in
California,
Oleg
and
Natasha,
his
hosts
in
Tashkent,
and
a
string
of
foreign
aid
workers.
This
is
a
quick
look
at
life
in
Uzbekistan,
made
of
friendliness
and
warmth,
but
also
its
darker
side
of
society.
In
Samarkand,
Mr
Bissell
admires
the
architectural
wonders,
while
on
his
way
to
Bukhara
he
gets
a
taste
of
police
methods
when
suspected
of
drug
dealing.
In
Ferghana,
he
attends
a
mountain
funeral(葬礼)followed
by
a
strange
drinking
party.
And
in
Karakalpakstan,
he
is
saddened
by
the
dust
storms,
diseases
and
fishing
boats
stuck
miles
from
the
sea.
Mr
Bissell
skillfully
organizes
historical
insights
and
cultural
references,
making
his
tale
a
well-rounded
picture
of
Uzbekistan,
seen
from
Western
eyes.
His
judgment
and
references
are
decidedly
American,
as
well
as
his
delicate
stomach.
As
the
author
explains,
this
is
neither
a
travel
nor
a
history
book,
or
even
a
piece
of
reportage.
Whatever
it
is,
the
result
is
a
fine
and
vivid
description
of
the
purest
of
Central
Asian
traditions.
9.
What
does
the
underlined
word
“that”
in
paragraph
2
refer
to?
A.
Developing
a
serious
mental
disease.
B.
Taking
a
guided
tour
in
Central
Asia.
C.
Working
as
a
volunteer
in
Uzbekistan.
D.
Writing
an
article
about
the
Aral
Sea.
【答案】
【解析】
本文是记叙文。文章讲述了Bissell写的《追逐大海:迷失在中亚帝国的幽灵》这本书。这本书是Bissell在乌兹别克斯坦做志愿者后写的，是对乌兹别克斯坦人生活的一个快速观察。
9.
D。
词句猜测题。划线句是第二段首句，that用来指代上文提的事情，因此推断that指代第一段的内容，根据第一段最后一句”A
few
years
later,
still
attracted
to
the
country,
he
returned
to
Uzbekistan
to
write
an
article
about
the
disappearance
of
the
Aral
Sea(几年后，仍然被这个国家所吸引。他回到乌兹别克斯坦写了一篇关于咸海消失的文章)”可知，that指代写了一篇关于死海消失的文章这件事，故选D。
题组一
真题在线
Passage
1
（2020·全国新课标卷II·A）
The
Lake
District
Attractions
Guide
Dalemain
Mansion
&
Historic
Gardens
History,
Culture
&
Landscape(景观).
Discover
and
enjoy
4
centuries
of
history,
5
acres
of
celebrated
and
award-winning
gardens
with
parkland
walk.
Owned
by
the
Hasell
family
since
1679,
home
to
the
International
Marmalade
Festival.
Gifts
and
antiques,
plant
sales,
museums
&
Mediaeval
Hall
Tearoom.
Open:29
Mar-29
Oct，Sun
to
Thurs.
Tearoom，Gardens
&
Gift
Shop:10.30-17.00(16.00
in
Oct).
House:11.15-16.00(15.00
in
Oct)
Town:
Pooley
Bridge
&
Penrith
Abbot
Hall
art
Gallery
&
Museum
Those
viewing
the
quality
of
Abbot
Hall’s
temporary
exhibitions
may
be
forgiven
for
thinking
they
are
in
a
city
gallery.
The
impressive
permanent
collection
includes
Turners
and
Romneys
and
the
temporary
exhibition
programme
has
Canaletto
and
the
artists
from
St
Ives.
Open:
Mon
to
Sat
and
Summer
Sundays.
10.30
-17.00
Sumner.10.30
-16.00
Winter.
Town:Kendal
Tullie
House
Museum
&
Art
Gallery
Discover,
explore
and
enjoy
award-winning
Tullie
House,
where
historic
collections,
contemporary
art
and
family
fun
are
brought
together
in
one
impressive
museum
and
art
gallery.
There
are
four
fantastic
galleries
to
visit
from
fine
art
to
interactive
fun,
so
there’s
something
for
everyone!
Open:
High
Season
1
Apr
–
31
Oct:
Mon
to
Sat
10.00
–
17.00,
Sun
11.00
–
17.00.
Low
Season
1
Nov
–
31
Mar:
Mon
to
Sat
10.00
–
16.30,
Sun
12.00
–
16.30.
Town:
Carlisle
Dove
Cottage
&
The
wordsworth
Museum
Discover
William
Wordsworth’s
inspirational
home.
Take
a
tour
of
his
Lakeland
cottage,
walk
through
his
hillside
garden
and
explore
the
riches
of
the
collection
in
the
Museum.
Visit
the
shop
and
relax
in
the
café.
Exhibitions,
events
and
family
activities
throughout
the
year.
Open:
Daily,
09.30
–
17.30
(last
admission
17.00).
Town:
Grasmere
1.
When
is
the
House
at
Dalemain
Mansion
&
Historic
Gardens
open
on
Sundays
in
July?
A.
09.30-17.30.
B.
10.30-16.00.
C.
11.15-16.00.
D.
12.00-16.30
2.
What
can
visitors
do
at
Abbot
Hall
Art
Gallery
&
Museum?
A.
Enjoy
Ronney’s
works.
B.
Have
some
interactive
fun.
C.
Attend
a
famous
festival.
D.
Learn
the
history
of
a
family
3.
Where
should
visitors
go
if
they
want
to
explore
Wordsworth’s
life?
A.
Penrith.
B.
Kendal.
C.
Carlisle.
D.
Grasmere.
【答案】
21.
C
22.
A
23.
D
【解析】
本文是应用文。是湖区景点指南，介绍了几个主要的景点的特色，地点和参观时间。
21.
细节理解题。根据题干中的Dalemain
Mansion&
Historic
Gardens
可知定位在第一部分，根据段中的House:11:15-16:00可知，在7月周日的参观时间是11:15-16:00。C.
11:15-16:00.符合以上说法，故选C项。
22.
细节理解题。根据题干中的Abbot
Hall
Art
Gallery&
Museum可知答案定位在第二部分，根据其中的The
impressive
permanent
collection
includes
Turners
and
Romneys
and
the
temporary
exhibition
programme
has
Canaletto
and
the
artists
from
St
Ives.(令人印象深刻的永久性收藏包括特纳和罗姆尼，临时展览计划有卡纳莱托和来自圣艾夫斯的艺术家)可知，在这个博物馆可以欣赏到Romneys的作品。A.
Enjoy
Romney's
works.(欣赏Romneys的作品)符合以上说法，故选A项。
23.
细节理解题。根据题干中的explore
Wordsworth's
life可知答案定位在最后一部分第一句，以及最后一行Town:
Grasmere可知，如果想了解Wordsworth's的生活，可以去Grasmere。D.
Grasmere.符合以上说法，故选D项。
Passage
2
（2020·全国新课标卷Ⅰ·B）
Jenifer
Mauer
has
needed
more
willpower
than
the
typical
college
student
to
pursue
her
goal
of
earning
a
nursing
degree.
That
willpower
bore
fruit
when
Jennifer
graduated
from
University
of
Wisconsin-Eau
Claire
and
became
the
first
in
her
large
family
to
earn
a
bachelor's
degree.
Mauer,
of
Edgar,
Wisconsin,
grew
up
on
a
farm
in
a
family
of
10
children.
Her
dad
worked
at
a
job
away
from
the
farm,
and
her
mother
ran
the
farm
with
the
kids.
After
high
school,
Jennifer
attended
a
local
technical
college,
working
to
pay
her
tuition(学费),
because
there
was
no
extra
money
set
aside
for
a
college
education.
After
graduation,
she
worked
to
help
her
sisters
and
brothers
pay
for
their
schooling.
Jennifer
now
is
married
and
has
three
children
of
her
own.
She
decided
to
go
back
to
college
to
advance
her
career
and
to
be
able
to
better
support
her
family
while
doing
something
she
loves:
nursing.
She
chose
the
UW-Eau
Claire
program
at
Ministry
Saint
Joseph's
Hospital
in
Marshfield
because
she
was
able
to
pursue
her
four-year
degree
close
to
home.
She
could
drive
to
class
and
be
home
in
the
evening
to
help
with
her
kids.
Jenifer
received
great
support
from
her
family
as
she
worked
to
earn
her
degree:
Her
husband
worked
two
jobs
to
cover
the
bills,
and
her
68-year-old
mother
helped
take
care
of
the
children
at
times.
Through
it
all,
she
remained
in
good
academic
standing
and
graduated
with
honors.
Jennifer
sacrificed(牺牲)to
achieve
her
goal,
giving
up
many
nights
with
her
kids
and
missing
important
events
to
study.
''Some
nights
my
heart
was
breaking
to
have
to
pick
between
my
kids
and
studying
for
exams
or
papers,''
she
says.
However,
her
children
have
learned
an
important
lesson
witnessing
their
mother
earn
her
degree.
Jennifer
is
a
first-generation
graduate
and
an
inspiration
to
her
family-and
that's
pretty
powerful.
4.
What
did
Jennifer
do
after
high
school?
A.
She
helped
her
dad
with
his
work.
B.
She
ran
the
family
farm
on
her
own.
C.
She
supported
herself
through
college.
D.
She
taught
her
sisters
and
brothers
at
home.
5.
Why
did
Jennifer
choose
the
program
at
Ministry
Saint
Joseph's
Hospital
in
Marshfield?
A.
To
take
care
of
her
kids
easily.
B.
To
learn
from
the
best
nurses.
C.
To
save
money
for
her
parents.
D.
To
find
a
well-paid
job
there.
6.
What
did
Jennifer
sacrifice
to
achieve
her
goal?
A.
Her
health.
B.
Her
time
with
family.
C.
Her
reputation.
D.
Her
chance
of
promotion.
7.
What
can
we
learn
from
Jenifer's
story?
A.
Time
is
money.
B.
Love
breaks
down
barriers.
C.
Hard
work
pays
off.
D.
Education
is
the
key
to
success.
【答案】
4.
C
5.
A
6.
B
7.
C
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Jennifer在家里不能提供大学教育的情况下，通过自己的努力，以及家人的帮助完成了四年学位。她的努力不仅让自己以优异的成绩毕业，还给家人，尤其是她的三个孩子树立了榜样，让他们得到了激励。
4.
细节理解题。根据第二段的After
high
school,
Jennifer
attended
a
local
technical
college,
working
to
pay
her
tuition,
because
there
was
no
extra
money
set
aside
for
a
college
education.(高中毕业后，Jennifer上了一所当地的技术学院来支付她的学费，因为家里没有额外的钱用来支付大学教育)可知，高中毕业后Jennifer通过自己挣钱来完成大学教学，因为家里没有额外的钱。C.
She
supported
herself
through
college.(她自食其力读完了大学)符合以上说法，故选C项。
5.
细节理解题。根据第三段的She
chose
the
UW-Eau
Claire
program
at
Misnistry
Saint
Joseph’s
Hospital
in
Marshfield
because
she
was
able
to
pursue
her
four-year
degree
close
to
home.
She
could
drive
to
class
and
be
home
in
the
evening
to
help
with
her
kids.(她选择了位于马什菲尔德的圣约瑟夫医院的UW-Eau
Claire项目，因为她可以在离家近的地方攻读四年的学位。她可以开车去上课，晚上可以回家照顾孩子)可知，Jennifer选择位于马什菲尔德的圣约瑟夫医院的UW-Eau
Claire项目是因为离家近，这样便于照顾她的三个孩子。A.
To
take
care
of
her
kids
easily.(为了方便照顾她的孩子)符合以上说法，故选A项。
6.
细节理解题。根据最后一段的Jennifer
sacrificed
to
achieve
her
goal,
giving
up
many
nights
with
her
kids
and
missing
important
events
to
study.(Jennifer为了实现自己的目标牺牲了很多，她放弃了很多个和孩子待在一起的晚上，错过了很多重要的活动)可知，为了实现自己的目标Jennifer放弃了和家人待在一起的时光。B.
Her
time
with
family.(她与家人的时光)符合以上说法，故选B项。
7.
推理判断题。根据最后一段的Through
it
all,
she
remind
in
good
academic
standing
and
graduated
with
honors.(虽然经历了这些，但她一直保持着良好的学术地位，并以优异的成绩毕业)和However,
her
children
have
learned
an
important
lesson
witnessing
their
mother
earn
her
degree.
Jennifer
is
a
first-generation
graduate
and
an
inspiration
to
her
family-and
that’s
the
pretty
powerful.(然而，她的孩子们在见证母亲获得学位的过程中得到了重要的一课。Jennifer是第一代毕业生，这对她的家庭来说是一种激励--这是非常强大的。)可知，Jennifer在艰苦的环境中通过自己的努力不仅以优异的成绩毕业，还给孩子树立了榜样，同时也让家人得到了激励。由此推测，我们可以从Jennifer的故事中学到:努力总会有回报。C.
Hard
work
pays
off.(努力会得到回报)符合以上说法，故选C项。
Passage
2
（2020·全国新课标卷Ш·C）
With
the
young
unable
to
afford
to
leave
home
and
the
old
at
risk
of
isolation(孤独),
more
families
are
choosing
to
live
together.
The
doorway
to
peace
and
quiet,
for
Nick
Bright
at
least,
leads
straight
to
his
mother-in-law,
she
lives
on
the
ground
floor,
while
he
lives
upstairs
with
his
wife
and
their
two
daughters.
Four
years
ago
they
all
moved
into
a
three-storey
Victorian
house
in
Bristol
-
one
of
a
growing
number
of
multigenerational
families
in
the
UK
living
together
under
the
same
roof.
They
share
a
front
door
and
a
washing
machine,
but
Rita
Whitehead
has
her
own
kitchen,
bathroom,
bedroom
and
living
room
on
the
ground
floor.
“We
floated
the
idea
to
my
mum
of
sharing
at
a
house,”
says
Kathryn
Whitehead.
Rita
cuts
in:
“We
spoke
more
with
Nick
because
I
think
it’s
a
big
thing
for
Nick
to
live
with
his
mother-in-law.”
And
what
does
Nick
think?
“From
my
standpoint,
it
all
seems
to
work
very
well.
Would
I
recommend
it?
Yes,
I
think
I
would.”
It’s
hard
to
tell
exactly
how
many
people
agree
with
him,
but
research
indicates
that
the
numbers
have
been
rising
for
some
time.
Official
reports
suggest
that
the
number
of
households
with
three
generations
living
together
had
risen
from
325,000
in
2001to
419,000
in
2013.
Other
varieties
of
multigenerational
family
are
more
common.
Some
people
live
with
their
elderly
parents;
many
more
adult
children
are
returning
to
the
family
home,
if
they
ever
left.
It
is
said
that
about
20%
of
25-34-year-olds
live
with
their
parents,
compared
with
16%
in
1991.The
total
number
of
all
multigenerational
households
in
Britain
is
thought
to
be
about
1.8
million.
Stories
like
that
are
more
common
in
parts
of
the
world
where
multigenerational
living
is
more
firmly
rooted.
In
India,
particularly
outside
cities,
young
women
are
expected
to
move
in
with
their
husband’s
family
when
they
get
married.
8.
Who
mainly
uses
the
ground
floor
in
the
Victorian
house
in
Bristol?
A.
Nick.
B.
Rita.
C.
Kathryn
D.
The
daughters.
9.
What
is
Nick’s
attitude
towards
sharing
the
house
with
his
mother-in
-law?
A.
Positive.
B.
Carefree.
C.
Tolerant.
D.
Unwilling.
10.
What
is
the
author’s
statement
about
multigenerational
family
based
on?
A.
Family
traditions.
B.
Financial
reports.
C.
Published
statistics.
D.
Public
opinions.
11.
What
is
the
text
mainly
about?
A.
Lifestyles
in
different
countries.
B.
Conflicts
between
generations.
C.
A
housing
problem
in
Britain.
D.
A
rising
trend
of
living
in
the
UK.
【答案】
8.
B
9.
A
10.
C
11.
D
【解析】
这是一篇新闻报道。短文报道了在英国，由于年轻人负担不起离家的费用，而老年人又面临着被孤立的风险，越来越多的家庭选择住在一起，出现了多世同堂的现象。
8.
细节理解题。根据第三段“
but
Rita
Whitehead
has
her
own
kitchen,
bathroom,
bedroom
and
living
room
on
the
ground
floor.”可知，但Rita在一楼有自己的厨房、浴室、卧室和客厅。由此可知，Rita
在布里斯托尔的维多利亚式住宅中使用一楼。故选B项。
9.
推理判断题。根据第五段“And
what
does
Nick
think?
“From
my
standpoint,
it
all
seems
to
work
very
well.
Would
I
recommend
it?
Yes,
I
think
I
would.”可知，尼克是怎么想的?“从我的角度来看，一切都很顺利。我推荐它吗?是的，我想我会推荐在一起居住的。”由此判断出，尼克对和和岳母合住房子的态度是积极的。故选A项。
10.
细节理解题。根据第六段“
Official
reports
suggest
that
the
number
of
households
with
three
generations
living
together
had
risen
from
325,000
in
2002
to
419,000
in
2013.”官方报告显示，三代同堂的家庭数量从2002年的32.5万户增加到2013年的41.9万户。根据第七段“It
is
said
that
about
20%
of
25-34-year-olds
live
with
their
parents,
compared
with
16%
in
1991.The
total
number
of
all
multigenerational
households
in
Britain
is
thought
to
be
about
1.8
million.”可知，据说，25-34岁的年轻人中有20%和父母住在一起，而1991年这一比例为16%。据估计，英国多代同堂的家庭总数约为180万。由此可知，作者关于多世同堂家庭的论述基于发布的统计数据。故选C项。
11.
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段“With
the
young
unable
to
afford
to
leave
home
and
the
old
at
risk
of
isolation(孤独),
more
families
are
choosing
to
live
together.”可知，由于年轻人负担不起离家的费用，而老年人又面临着被孤立的风险，越来越多的家庭选择住在一起。所以短文主要是关于英国生活方式的一种上升趋势。故选D项。
Passage
4（2020·江苏·B）
Sometimes
it’s
hard
to
let
go.
For
many
British
people,
that
can
apply
to
institutions
and
objects
that
represent
their
country’s
past-age-old
castles,
splendid
homes…
and
red
phone
boxes.
Beaten
first
by
the
march
of
technology
and
lately
by
the
terrible
weather
in
junkyards
(废品场),
the
phone
boxes
representative
of
an
age
are
now
making
something
of
a
comeback.
Adapted
in
imaginative
ways,
many
have
reappeared
on
city
streets
and
village
greens
housing
tiny
cafes,
cellphone
repair
shops
or
even
defibrillator
machines
(除颤器).
The
original
iron
boxes
with
the
round
roofs
first
appeared
in
1926.
They
were
designed
by
Giles
Gilbert
Scott,
the
architect
of
the
Battersea
Power
Station
in
London.
After
becoming
an
important
part
of
many
British
streets,
the
phone
boxes
began
disappearing
in
the
1980s,
with
the
rise
of
the
mobile
phone
sending
most
of
them
away
to
the
junkyards.
About
that
time,
Tony
Inglis’
engineering
and
transport
company
got
the
job
to
remove
phone
boxes
from
the
streets
and
sell
them
out.
But
Inglis
ended
up
buying
hundreds
of
them
himself,
with
the
idea
of
repairing
and
selling
them.
He
said
that
he
had
heard
the
calls
to
preserve
the
boxes
and
had
seen
how
some
of
them
were
listed
as
historic
buildings.
As
Inglis
and,
later
other
businessmen,
got
to
work,
repurposed
phone
boxes
began
reappearing
in
cities
and
villages
as
people
found
new
uses
for
them.
Today,
they
are
once
again
a
familiar
sight,
playing
roles
that
are
often
just
as
important
for
the
community
as
their
original
purpose.
In
rural
areas,
where
ambulances
can
take
a
relatively
long
time
to
arrive,
the
phone
boxes
have
taken
on
a
lifesaving
role.
Local
organizations
can
adopt
them
for
l
pound,
and
install
defibrillators
to
help
in
emergencies.
Others
also
looked
at
the
phone
boxes
and
saw
business
opportunities.
LoveFone,
a
company
that
advocates
repairing
cellphones
rather
than
abandoning
them,
opened
a
mini
workshop
in
a
London
phone
box
in
2016.
The
tiny
shops
made
economic
sense,
according
to
Robert
Kerr,
a
founder
of
LoveFone.
He
said
that
one
of
the
boxes
generated
around
$13,500
in
revenue
a
month
and
cost
only
about
$400
to
rent.
Inglis
said
phone
boxes
called
to
mind
an
age
when
things
were
built
to
last.
I
“like
what
they
are
to
people,
and
I
enjoy
bringing
things
back,”
he
said.
12.
The
phone
boxes
are
making
a
comeback
______.
A.
to
form
a
beautiful
sight
of
the
city
B.
to
improve
telecommunications
services
C.
to
remind
people
of
a
historical
period
D.
to
meet
the
requirement
of
green
economy
13.
Why
did
the
phone
boxes
begin
to
go
out
of
service
in
the
1980s?
A.
They
were
not
well-designed.
B.
They
provided
bad
services.
C.
They
had
too
short
a
history.
D.
They
lost
to
new
technologies.
14.
The
phone
boxes
are
becoming
popular
mainly
because
of
______.
A.
their
new
appearance
and
lower
prices
B.
the
push
of
the
local
organizations
C.
their
changed
roles
and
functions
D.
the
big
funding
of
the
businessmen
【答案】
12.
C
13.
D
14.
C
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了在英国，电话亭在20世纪80年代开始停止使用。后来，一些商人使电话亭的角色和功能发生了变化，电话亭又变得流行起来。
12.
细节理解题。根据第一段Sometimes
it’s
hard
to
let
go.
For
many
British
people,
that
can
apply
to
institutions
and
objects
that
represent
their
country’s
past-age-old
castles,
splendid
homes..
and
red
phone
boxes.(有时候真的很难放手。对许多英国人来说，这可以适用于代表他们国家过去历史的机构和物品--古老的城堡、辉煌的住宅……还有红色的电话亭)和最后一段Inglis
said
phone
boxes
called
to
mind
an
age
when
things
were
built
to
last.(英格利斯说，电话亭让人想起了一个东西经久耐用的时代)可知，电话亭正在卷土重来，以提醒人们一个历史时期。故选C。
13.
细节理解题。根据第三段After
becoming
an
important
part
of
many
British
streets,
the
phone
boxes
began
disappearing
in
the
1980s,
with
the
rise
of
the
mobile
phone
sending
most
of
them
away
to
the
junkyards.(在成为英国许多街道的重要组成部分后，电话亭在20世纪80年代开始消失，随着移动电话的兴起，大部分电话亭被扔到了垃圾场)可知，电话亭在20世纪80年代开始停止使用是因为它们输给了新技术。故选D。
14.
推理判断题。根据第五段As
Inglis
and,
later
other
businessmen,
got
to
work,
repurposed
phone
boxes
began
reappearing
in
cities
and
villages
as
people
found
new
uses
for
them.
Today,
they
are
once
again
a
familiar
sight,
playing
roles
that
are
often
just
as
important
for
the
community
as
their
original
purpose.(随着英格利斯和后来的其他商人开始工作，改装后的电话亭开始在城市和乡村重新出现，人们发现了它们的新用途。今天，它们再次成为人们熟悉的景象，扮演着与它们最初的目的同样重要的角色)和第六段In
rural
areas,
where
ambulances
can
take
a
relatively
long
time
to
arrive,
the
phone
boxes
have
taken
on
a
lifesaving
role.(在农村地区，救护车要花相当长的时间才能到达，电话亭就起到了拯救生命的作用)以及第七段Others
also
looked
at
the
phone
boxes
and
saw
business
opportunities.(其他人也在电话亭寻找商机)可推断出，电话亭之所以变得流行，主要是因为它们的角色和功能发生了变化。故选C。
Passage
5（2020·天津·A）
How
to
Use
a
Modern
Public
Library
Has
it
been
a
while
since
your
last
visit
to
a
public
library?
If
so,
you
may
be
surprised
to
learn
that
libraries
have
changed
for
the
better.
It’s
been
years
since
they
were
dusty
little
rooms
with
books.
They
have
transformed
themselves
into
places
where
you
can
develop
your
love
of
knowledge
meet
interesting
people,
or
find
out
how
to
start
a
business.
Check
out
a
book.
While
libraries
still
loan
out(出借)books,
you’ll
find
it
easier
to
get
a
copy
of
whatever
you’re
looking
for,
thanks
to
a
cooperative
network
of
area
libraries.
Via
such
networks,
libraries
share
their
books
with
each
other
through
the
use
of
delivery
vehicles.
Once
the
book
you’ve
requested
is
delivered
to
the
nearest
branch,
they
will
inform
you
by
e-mail,
so
you
can
pick
it
up.
Check
out
other
items.
The
library
is
now
a
multimedia
zone,
loaded
with
information
in
many
formats(载体形式).
You
can
borrow
movies
on
DVDs,
music
on
CDs,
and
popular
magazines.
Some
libraries
even
loan
out
toys
and
games.
If
a
popular
magazine
you
want
isn’t
offered
and
the
library
keeps
a
list
of
such
requests,
they
may
bring
it
in
when
enough
interest
is
shown.
Join
targeted
reading
groups.
Libraries
will
often
hold
reading-group
sessions
targeted
to
various
age
groups.
Perhaps
you’d
like
to
learn
a
language
or
improve
your
English.
The
library
may
sponsor
a
language
group
you
could
join.
If
you
have
difficulties
reading,
ask
about
special
reading
opportunities.
Your
library
might
be
able
to
accommodate
you.
And
you
might
find
it
relaxing
to
bring
your
small
kid
to
a
half-hour
Story
Time
while
you
sit
quietly
in
a
corner
with
a
good
book.
Start
a
business
using
the
help
of
your
local
library.
If
you
want
to
have
a
business
of
your
own,
your
local
library
can
become
a
launch
space
for
it.
In
library
books
and
computers,
you
can
find
information
on
starting
a
business.
Many
libraries
will
help
you
with
locally
supplied
information
about
business
management
shared
through
chambers
of
commerce(商会)and
government
agencies,
and
they
will
offer
printing,
faxing
and
database
services
you
need.
15.
Public
libraries
connected
by
a
cooperative
network
benefit
readers
by______.
A.
sharing
their
books
on
the
Internet
B.
giving
access
to
online
reading
at
a
library
branch
C.
sending
a
needed
book
to
a
library
branch
nearby
D.
making
the
checkout
procedures
diverse
16.
According
to
Paragraph
3,
what
items
may
be
checked
out
from
a
public
library?
A.
A
magazine
and
an
e-book.
B.
A
game
and
an
oil
painting.
C.
A
music
CD
and
a
kid’s
toy.
D.
A
DVD
and
a
video
player
17.
As
is
described
in
Paragraph
4,
taking
a
small
kid
to
a
half-hour
Story
Time
allows
______.
A.
the
kid
to
learn
a
new
language
B.
the
parent
to
enjoy
quiet
reading
C.
the
kid
to
overcome
reading
difficulties
D.
the
parent
to
meet
their
program
sponsor
18.
Your
local
library
can
help
you
start
a
business
by
______.
A.
providing
relevant
information
and
supporting
services
B.
offering
professional
advice
on
business
management
C.
supplying
useful
information
of
your
potential
buyers
D.
arranging
meetings
with
government
officials
19.
What
is
the
purpose
of
the
passage?
A.
To
point
out
the
importance
of
public
libraries.
B.
To
encourage
people
to
work
in
public
libraries.
C.
To
introduce
the
improved
services
of
public
libraries.
D.
To
call
for
the
modernization
of
public
library
systems.
【答案】
15.
C
16.
C
17.
B
18.
A
19.
C
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何使用改造升级后现代公共图书馆。
15.
细节理解题。根据文章Check
out
a
book中“Via
such
networks,
libraries
share
their
books
with
each
other
through
the
use
of
delivery
vehicles.
Once
the
book
you've
requested
is
delivered
to
the
nearest
branch,
they
will
inform
you
by
e-mail,
so
you
can
pick
it
up.(
通过这样的网络，图书馆通过运载车辆的使用彼此分享图书。一旦你要的书送到最近的书店，他们会通过电子邮件通知你，你就可以去取了。)”可知，合作网络连接的公共图书馆通过向附近的图书馆分支机构发送所需的书籍，使读者受益。故选C项。
16.
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“You
can
borrow
movies
on
DVDs,
music
on
CDs,
and
popular
magazines.
Some
libraries
even
loan
out
toys
and
games.
(
你可以借DVD电影、CD音乐和流行杂志。一些图书馆甚至借出玩具和游戏。)”可知，从公共图书馆可以外借DVD电影、CD音乐、流行杂志、玩具和游戏等物品。故选C项。
17.
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“And
you
might
find
it
relaxing
to
bring
your
small
kid
to
a
half-hour
Story
Time
while
you
sit
quietly
in
a
corner
with
a
good
book.
(你可能会发现带着你的孩子去半个小时的“故事时间”是一种放松，那时你安静地坐在角落里看一本好书，)”可知，带孩子去半小时的“故事时间”，可以让父母享受安静的阅读。故选B项。
18.
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Many
libraries
will
help
you
with
locally
supplied
information
about
business
management
shared
through
chambers
of
commerce（商会）and
government
agencies,
and
they
will
offer
printing
and
database
services
you
need.
(许多图书馆会通过商会和政府机构分享本地提供的商业管理信息，并提供你需要的打印和数据库服务。)”可知，你当地的图书馆可以通过提供相关信息和支持服务来帮助你创业。故选A项。
19.
推理判断题。根据文章标题How
to
Use
a
Modern
Public
Library（如何使用一个现代公共图书馆）和第一段中的“you
may
be
surprised
to
learn
that
libraries
have
changed
for
the
better.
They
have
transformed
themselves
into
places
where
you
can
develop
your
love
of
knowledge
meet
interesting
people,
or
find
out
how
to
start
a
business.（你可能会惊讶地发现图书馆已经变得更好了。他们已经把自己变成了一个地方，在那里你可以发展你对知识的热爱，遇见有趣的人，或者发现如何创业）”。再结合几个小标题：Check
out
a
book（借一本书）；
Check
out
other
items（借其他物品）；Join
targeted
reading
groups（加入有针对性的阅读小组）；Start
a
business
using
the
help
of
your
local
library（在当地图书馆的帮助下创业）可知，本文主要介绍了在经过改善后的图书馆里，人们可以做些什么，即：经过改善后的图书馆可以给人们提供什么服务。故选C。
题组二
名校模拟
二、应用文模拟题
2020届模拟题
A（2020届浙江省绍兴市高三4月试适应性试卷）
COURTESY
PAUL
BOZYMOWSKI-Three
New
York
City
police
officers
paid
for
a
woman’s
groceries
rather
than
arresting
her.
As
temperatures
approached
90
degrees
in
New
York
City
last
July
4th,
three
police
officers
ducked
into
a
Whole
Foods
Market
to
get
something
cold
to
drink.
What
they
walked
into
was
a
heated
human
drama.
Once
inside,
the
cops,
Lt.
Louis
Sojo
and
Officers
Esanidy
Cuevas
and
Michael
Rivera,
were
approached
by
a
store
security
guard
who
asked
for
help
with
a
suspected
shoplifter.
The
woman
in
question
didn’t
have
the
look
of
a
career
criminal.
She
was
obviously
scared,
and
her
cheeks
were
wet
with
tears.
The
cops
peeked
inside
her
bag.
“All
we
saw
was
containers
of
food.”
Cuevas
told
CBS
New
York.
"I’m
hungry,"
she
explained
quietly.
Caught
red-handed,
the
woman
no
doubt
expected
to
be
sentenced
to
jail
for
the
crime
of
being
hungry
while
poor.
But
the
cops
had
other
ideas.
“We’ll
pay
for
her
food,”
Sojo
told
the
surprised
security
guard.
There’d
been
no
discussion
among
the
three
men.
It
went
unsaid.
Instead,
they
picked
up
the
woman’s
bag
and
accompanied
her
to
a
cash
register,
where
each
took
out
$10
to
pay
the
tab.
She
would
not
be
arrested
today.
All
the
woman
could
do
was
weep
in
gratitude.
Covering
her
face
with
a
kerchief
and
drying
her
eyes,
she
repeated,
“Thank
you,
thank
you.”
She
wasn’t
the
only
one
touched
by
this
act
of
mercy.
“It
was
a
very
beautiful,
genuine
moment,”
says
Paul
Bozymowski,
who
was
at
the
store.
He
was
so
taken
by
what
he’d
witnessed
that
he
posted
a
photo
on
Twitter
for
all
to
see.
But
attention
was
never
what
the
officers
sought.
They
were
driven
by
a
far
more
common
emotion.
As
Sojo
told
CNN,
“When
you
look
at
someone’s
face
and
see
that
they
need
you
and
they’re
actually
hungry,
it’s
pretty
difficult
as
a
human
being
to
walk
away
from
something
like
this.”
1.
What
can
be
learnt
about
the
woman
from
the
passage?
A.
She
had
stolen
in
the
shop
several
times
before.
B.
She
was
caught
on
the
spot
by
three
police
officers.
C.
She
was
found
innocent
and
would
not
be
arrested.
D.
She
was
forced
to
commit
the
crime
due
to
the
dilemma
of
life.
2.
Paul
Bozymowski
posted
a
photo
on
Twitter
to
.
A.
appeal
for
sympathy
for
the
people
in
need
B.
express
his
gratitude
to
the
police
officers
C.
show
more
people
the
cops’
act
of
kindness
D.
record
the
unforgettable
moment
in
his
life
3.
What
drove
the
three
police
officers
to
pay
for
the
woman?
A.
Their
great
devotion
to
work
B.
A
deep
sense
of
being
human
C.
The
attraction
of
the
public
attention
D.
Their
different
attitude
towards
shoplifting
【文章大意】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述纽约市的三位警察非但没有逮捕一名偷东西的妇女反而为她买单的新闻。
1.
D【解析】推理判断题。根据文章"I’m
hungry,"
she
explained
quietly（“我饿了，”她平静地解释道）以及最后一段
When
you
look
at
someone’s
face
and
see
that
they
need
you
and
they’re
actually
hungry,
it’s
pretty
difficult
as
a
human
being
to
walk
away
from
something
like
this
（当你看着一个人的脸，发现他们需要你，而且他们真的很饿，作为一个人很难从这样的事情中走开）可知，这位女士是因为肚子饿才不得已到超市偷东西的，是因为生活的不易才导致犯罪的。故选D项。
2.
C【解析】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段
She
wasn’t
the
only
one
touched
by
this
act
of
mercy.
“It
was
a
very
beautiful,
genuine
moment,”
says
Paul
Bozymowski,
who
was
at
the
store.
He
was
so
taken
by
what
he’d
witnessed
that
he
posted
a
photo
on
Twitter
for
all
to
see（她不是唯一一个被这种仁慈行为感动的人。“那是一个非常美丽、真实的时刻，”在店里Paul
Bozymowski说。他被所见所闻深深吸引，并在推特上发布了一张照片供所有人观看）可知，他被警察的善良感动了，并且他想让更多的人知道警察的善良行为。选C项。
3.
B【解析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段When
you
look
at
someone’s
face
and
see
that
they
need
you
and
they’re
actually
hungry,
it’s
pretty
difficult
as
a
human
being
to
walk
away
from
something
like
this（当你看着一个人的脸，发现他们需要你，而且他们真的很饿，作为一个人很难从这样的事情中走开）可知，警察们觉得，作为一个人很难做到见到需要帮助的人而不伸手帮助的。故选B项。
B（2020届山东省青岛市高三第三次模拟）
Innovative
Designs
for
Accessibility
Deadline:
2020-04-30
Award:
$
7,500
CAD
Open
to:
University
students
The
Innovative(创新的)
Designs
for
Accessibility
student
competition
challenges
students
across
Canada
to
use
their
creativity
to
develop
innovative,
cost-effective
and
practical
solutions
to
accessibility
barriers
for
people
with
disabilities.
(Read
more)
Clean
Tech
Competition
Deadline:
2020-04-13
Award:
$
28,000
Open
to:
Students
13-15
years
old
The
Clean
Tech
Competition
is
a
unique,
worldwide
research
and
design
challenge
for
pre-college
youth.
The
competition
is
designed
to
build
a
deeper
understanding
of
STEM
(science,
technology,
engineering,
and
math)
related
concepts,
recognize
outstanding
talent,
and
prepare
the
next
generation
of
globally
competitive
innovators.
(Read
more)
Agile
Robotics
Competition
Deadline:
2020-04-10
Award:
$
17,500
Open
to:
Adults
Agile
Robotics
Competition
is
a
simulation-based(仿真)
competition
designed
to
promote
agility(灵活)
in
industrial
robot
systems
by
employing
the
latest
advances
in
artificial
intelligence
and
robot
planning.
The
competition
will
be
held
virtually(虚拟的),
so
there
is
no
need
to
travel
to
compete.
The
competition
will
use
the
Gazebo
simulation
tool.
(Read
more)
Wearable
Robotics
Innovation
Challenge
Deadline:
2020-04-24
Award:
$
5,000
Open
to:
Everyone
The
Wearable
Robotics
Association
is
inviting
entries
that
represent
the
most
innovative
new
ideas
in
wearable
robotic
technology.
The
review
committee
will
select
as
many
as
ten
finalists.
The
one
considered
to
be
the
most
innovative
will
be
announced
at
the
conference
and
will
receive
$
5,000
to
accelerate
the
new
technology.
(Read
more)
1.
Which
competition
favors
competitors
with
a
creative
mind
in
helping
the
disabled?
A.
Innovative
Designs
for
Accessibility.
B.
Clean
Tech
Competition.
C.
Agile
Robotics
Competition.
D.
Wearable
Robotics
Innovation
Challenge.
2.
What’s
the
aim
of
Clean
Tech
Competition?
A.
To
make
a
research
about
STEM.
B.
To
encourage
university
students
to
be
innovators.
C.
To
help
students
prepare
for
the
university.
D.
To
find
talented
teenagers
and
develop
their
ability
to
innovate.
3.
What
can
we
know
about
the
four
competitions?
A.
They
are
open
to
everyone.
B.
Every
competitor
can
get
an
award.
C.
They
are
held
in
April.
D.
They
are
held
virtually.
【文章大意】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四种比赛，说明了四个比赛各自的截止日期、奖项和针对对象等情况。
1.
A【解析】细节理解题。根据Innovative
Designs
for
Accessibility部分中The
Innovative
(创新的)
Designs
for
Accessibility
student
competition
challenges
students
across
Canada
to
use
their
creativity
to
develop
innovative,
cost-effective
and
practical
solutions
to
accessibility
barriers
for
people
with
disabilities.
(Read
more)可知“无障碍学生创新设计大赛”向加拿大各地的学生提出挑战，让他们发挥自己的创造力，为残疾人开发创新的、符合成本效益的和实用的解决方案。由此可知，在帮助残疾人方面，Innovative
Designs
for
Accessibility更喜欢有创造性思维的选手。故选A。
2.
D【解析】细节理解题。根据Clean
Tech
Competition部分中The
competition
is
designed
to
build
a
deeper
understanding
of
STEM
(science,
technology,
engineering,
and
math)
related
concepts,
recognize
outstanding
talent,
and
prepare
the
next
generation
of
globally
competitive
innovators.可知比赛旨在建立对STEM（科学、技术、工程和数学）相关概念的深入理解，找到优秀人才，培养下一代具有全球竞争力的创新人才。由此可知，Clean
Tech
Competition的目的是寻找有才华的青少年，培养他们的创新能力。故选D。
3.
C【解析】细节理解题。根据Innovative
Designs
for
Accessibility部分中Deadline:
2020-04-30可知截止日期为2020年4月30；Clean
Tech
Competition部分中Deadline:
2020-04-13可知截止日期为2020年4月13日；Agile
Robotics
Competition部分中Deadline:
2020-04-10可知截止日期为2020年4月10日；Wearable
Robotics
Innovation
Challenge部分中Deadline:
2020-04-24截止日期为2020年4月21日。由此可知，这四场比赛都是在四月举行。故选C。
C（2020届山东省威海市文登区高三下学期一轮总复习）
TGBWP(the
Great
Books
Winter
Program)
is
an
experience
like
no
other
in
American
education.
For
the
past
eleven
years,
TGBWP
has
gathered
outstanding
middle
and
high
school
students
from
across
the
world
to
read
selections
from
the
greatest
works
of
literature,
experience
college-level
lectures,
engage
in
lively
discussions
and
enjoy
winter
camp
fun
with
other
literary-minded
students.
Here
is
a
sample
of
what
you
will
get
at
Great
Books:
Membership
in
an
international
community
of
enthusiastic
young
learners
and
distinguished
college
teachers
who
read
and
discuss
great
books
and
big
ideas.
You
will
discuss
the
likes
of
Plato,
Mark
Twain,
Dickens,
and
Tolstoy
with
other
teens
from
around
the
globe
who
love
literature
just
as
much
as
you
do!
Find
your
voice
in
the
classroom.
TGBWP
gives
students
the
opportunity
to
grow
academically
and
socially
as
they
prepare
for
high
school
and
college.
Open
discussions
encourage
students
to
express
themselves
and
give
power
to
their
ideas.
Students
gain
confidence
in
their
ability
to
read
a
text
closely
and
express
their
ideas
clearly
both
orally
and
in
writing.
Experience
time
away
from
home
and
spend
it
at
a
top
college
—
choose
from
two
campus
settings:
Amherst
College
in
Massachusetts
and
Stanford
University
in
California.
This
is
the
perfect
opportunity
to
preview
life
on
a
college
campus!
Don’t
miss
this
opportunity
to
join
students
from
47
states
and
28
countries
in
this
unique
learning
environment.
Categories
Reading/Writing
Arts/Photography/Film
Music/Singing/Dancing
Travel/
Touring
Academic/Pre-College
Ages
11-18
Type
Overnight/Residential
More
information:
CLICK
HERE
1.
What
do
we
know
about
TGBWP?
A.
A
course
on
literacy
skills
improvement.
B.
An
education
department
of
universities.
C.
A
camp
suitable
for
teen
literature
lovers.
D.
A
program
of
studying
American
literature.
2.
What
does
TGBWP
offer
its
participants
according
to
the
text?
A.
College-level
evaluation
in
literature.
B.
Admissions
to
world
famous
universities.
C.
Free
literature
courses
and
literature
works.
D.
Chances
to
experience
college
life
beforehand.
3.
Suppose
this
text
is
an
Ad,
what
else
must
be
included
in
“More
information”?
A.
Contact
information.
B.
Membership
benefits.
C.
Registration
requirements.
D.
Activity
arrangements.
【文章大意】本文是一篇广告。介绍了TGBWP冬令营活动的有关信息。
1.
C【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段的For
the
past
eleven
years,
TGBWP
has
gathered
outstanding
middle
and
high
school
students
from
across
the
world
to
read
selections
from
the
greatest
works
of
literature,
experience
college-level
lectures,
engage
in
lively
discussions
and
enjoy
winter
camp
fun
with
other
literary-minded
students.(在过去的十一年里，TGBWP聚集了来自世界各地的优秀中学生，阅读最伟大的文学作品，体验大学水平的讲座，参与生动的讨论，并与其他有文学头脑的学生一起享受冬令营的乐趣。)因此推断，TGBWP是适合青少年文学爱好者的营地。
故选C。
2.
D【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段的TGBWP
gives
students
the
opportunity
to
grow
academically
and
socially
as
they
prepare
for
high
school
and
college.(当学生为高中和大学做准备时，TGBWP给了他们在学术和社会上成长的机会。)可知，TGBWP给参与者提供提前体验大学生活的经验。故选D。
3.
A【解析】推理判断题。根据文中的表格可知，表格中包括了活动安排；注册学员的年龄等，因此推断如果是广告，进一步的信息应该是联系方式。B项的会员福利不是广告的必要内容。故选A。
D（2020届湖北省黄冈市麻城市实验中学高三模拟）
Kids
Flying
Alone
Guide
Helpful
tips
for
children
traveling
alone
Airline
Age
Fee
per
child
(each
way).
Notes
Air
TranAirways
6
to
8
years
old
—
non-stop
or
direct
flights
only
$
48
for
a
non-stop
flight
Unaccompanied
children.
American
6
to
8
years
old
—
non-stop
or
direct
flights
only
$
110
Flights
for
unaccompanied
children
cannot
be
booked
online.
BritishAirways
7
to
15
years
old
—
can
travel
alone
on
connecting
flights
$
60
for
flights
within
UK
Flights
for
unaccompanied
children
cannot
be
booked
online.
FrontierAirlines
6
to
15
years
old
—
non-stop
or
direct
flights
or
connecting
flights
$
60
for
non-stop
or
direct
flights$120
for
connecting
flights
Flights
for
unaccompanied
children
cannot
be
booked
online.
Before
the
flight:
Try
to
book
a
morning
flight.
If
it
is
delayed
or
canceled,
you
have
the
rest
of
the
day
to
make
alternate
planes.
Make
sure
your
child
doesn’t
wear
any
clothing
that
has
his
or
her
name
on
it,
which
would
make
it
easier
for
a
stranger
to
convince
a
child
he
can
be
trusted.
At
the
airport:
Make
sure
the
flight
attendants
know
that
your
child
is
traveling
alone.
Make
sure
that
he
or
she
will
be
seated
in
an
area
of
the
aircraft
that’s
convenient
for
attendants
to
keep
an
eye
on
—
the
very
front
of
very
back
of
the
aircraft
is
ideal.
Register
your
child’s
travel
plans
with
the
U.
S.
State
Department,
which
can
provide
assistance
in
an
emergency.
This
is
a
free
service.
What
to
pack:
Cell
phone:
If
your
child
doesn’t
have
a
cell
phone,
buy
him
or
her
a
pay-as-you-go
phone
at
a
cell
phone
retailer
(零售店)
so
he
or
she
has
an
easy
form
of
communication
for
emergencies.
Gift
cards:
Invest
in
a
few
pre-paid
gift
cards
worth
$
25
or
$
50,
This
will
reduce
the
worry
of
traveling
with
a
large
amount
of
cash.
Family/
friends
contact
information:
Give
your
child
a
complete
list
of
names,
numbers
and
addresses
of
the
people
who
are
picking
your
child
up
at
the
airport.
1.
How
much
should
you
pay
if
your
child
aged
eleven
travels
alone
on
a
connecting
flight
by
Frontier
Airlines?
A.
$
50.
B.
$
75.
C.
$
120.
D.
$
160.
2.
What
can
we
learn
from
the
passage?
A.
Juice
or
water
can’t
be
brought
onto
the
aircraft.
B.
Unaccompanied
children
can’t
fly
on
the
last
flight
of
the
day.
C.
Pay-as-you-go
phones
are
provided
for
free
at
the
airport
for
children
without
cell
phones.
D.
Parents
can
register
children’s
travel
plans
with
the
U.
S.
State
Department
for
free.
3.
Which
of
the
following
is
recommended
for
unaccompanied
children?
A.
Booking
them
morning
flights.
B.
Giving
them
a
large
amount
of
cash.
C.
Making
them
sit
in
the
middle
of
the
aircraft.
D.
Dressing
them
in
clothing
with
their
names
on
it.
【文章大意】本文是应用文。文章是关于孩子独自乘坐航班的指南。
1.
C【解析】细节理解题。根据表格中最后一栏“6
to
15
years
old
—
non-stop
or
direct
flights
or
connecting
flights.”
“$120
for
connecting
flights”可知，如果乘坐Frontier航空公司的航班，11岁的孩子独自乘坐转接航班，应该付120美元。故选C项。
2.
D【解析】细节理解题。根据At
the
airport部分中“Register
your
child’s
travel
plans
with
the
U.
S.
State
Department,
which
can
provide
assistance
in
an
emergency.
This
is
a
free
service.
”可知，父母可以向美国国务院免费登记孩子的旅行计划，以供在紧急情况下提供帮助。故选D项。
3.
A【解析】细节理解题。根据Before
the
flight部分中“Try
to
book
a
morning
flight.
If
it
is
delayed
or
canceled,
you
have
the
rest
of
the
day
to
make
alternate
planes.”可知，建议父母给孩子预订早上的航班。这样如果航班延误或取消，还会有时间来安排其他的航班。故选A项。
E（江西省高安中学2017-2018学年高二上学期期末考试）
China
is
a
big
country,
and
there
is
no
simple
answer
to
the
question
“When
is
the
best
time
to
visit
China?
”
There
are
two
best
times
to
visit
China,
depending
on
your
preference.
October
Things
to
do:
hike
on
the
Great
Wall,
photography
tour
Places
to
visit:
Beijing,
Xi’an,
Shanghai,
Guilin,Jiuzhaigou,
Chengdu
The
best
time
to
go
to
China
is
early
autumn
(October).
Most
of
China
has
warm
temperatures,
and
the
summer
rains
have
stopped
(apart
from
around
HongKong
and
Sanya)
so
it’s
pretty
dry.
The
autumnn
colours
are
also
amazing.
It
is
quiet
at
tourist
attractions
for
most
of
the
month,
as
the
summer
holiday
travel
crowds
have
gone.
But
try
to
avoid
October
1
st
-7
th,
which
is
the
Chinese
National
Day
holiday,
as
attractions,
transport
and
hotels
are
packed
with
Chinese
tourists
and
prices
go
up
a
lot.
Late
Spring
(April
to
May)
Things
to
do:
appreciate
flowers,
Li
River
cruise,
ethnic
festivals
Places
to
visit:
Beijing,
Xi’an,
Guilin,
Huangshan,
GuiZhou,
Zhangjiajie
The
second-best
time
to
travel
to
China
is
probably
in
April
and
May,
when
the
flowers
are
in
bloom
and
the
temperatures
are
warming
up.
In
late
spring,
temperatures
across
China
are
getting
into
the
20s
(℃),
except
the
extreme
northwest
and
northeast.
While
the
North
of
China
is
still
dry,
the
summer
rains
have
already
begun
in
the
South.
This
could
actually
improve
the
view
in
the
form
of
mountain
fog
in
mountainous
areas
like
the
Li
River
and
the
Yellow
Mountains.
Ethnic
festivals
in
GuiZhou
are
concentrated
in
April
and
May,
such
as
the
Sisters’
Meal
Festival.
If
you
are
interested
in
Miao
and
Dong
ethnic
cultures,
this
is
a
good
time
to
visit.
Travel
prices
are
average:
cheaper
than
June
to
October,
but
more
expensive
than
the
lower
season
from
November
to
March.
1.
Which
time
is
best
if
you
want
to
attend
the
ethnic
festivals
in
GuiZhou?
A.
April
25
th.
B.
June
17
th.
C.
October
1
st.
D.
November
9
th.
2.
Which
are
the
best
places
to
visit
in
both
October
and
late
spring?
A.
Beijing
and
Zhangjiajie.
B.
Shanghai
and
GuiZhou.
C.
Xi’an
and
Guilin.
D.
Huangshan
and
Jiuzhaigou.
3.
Why
is
late
spring
the
best
time
to
visit
Huangshan?
A.
Because
the
summer
rains
haven’t
come
yet.
B.
Because
the
wet
weather
adds
to
its
beauty.
C.
Because
there
are
several
special
festivals
there.
D.
Because
the
prices
are
the
lowest
of
the
year.
【文章大意】本文主要介绍了两个访问中国的最佳时间。
1.
A【解析】细节理解题。根据Late
Spring
(April
to
May)中的Things
to
do:
appreciate
flowers,
Li
River
cruise,
ethnic
festivals.可知，要在一年的四月份到五月份期间过the
ethnic
festivals这个节日。故选A。
2.
C【解析】细节理解题。根据October中的Places
to
visit:
Beijing,
Xi’an,
Shanghai,
Guilin,Jiuzhaigou,
Chengdu.和Late
Spring
(April
to
May)中的Places
to
visit:
Beijing,
Xi’an,
Guilin,
Huangshan,
GuiZhou,
Zhangjiajie.可知，在十月和晚春时节最佳旅游地点是西安和桂林。故选C。
3.
B【解析】细节理解题。根据Late
Spring
(April
to
May)中的This
could
actually
improve
the
view
in
the
form
of
mountain
fog
in
mountainous
areas
like
the
Li
River
and
the
Yellow
Mountains.可知，晚春的湿润天气使黄山更加美丽了。故选B。
F（2020届四川省眉山市彭山区第一中学高三高考适应性考试）
Four
Excellent
American
Universities
Princeton
University
Princeton
University
is
a
private
institution
founded
in
1746.
Located
in
Princeton,
New
Jersey,
it
offers
various
events,
activities
and
organizations.
Famous
alumni
include
the
28th
US
President
Woodrow
Wilson
and
former
first
lady
Michelle
Obama.
Harvard
University
Harvard
University
is
a
private
institution
founded
in
1636.
Located
outside
Boston
in
Cambridge,
Massachusetts,
it
is
made
up
of
more
than
10
schools
and
institutes.
Eight
US
presidents
graduated
from
Harvard,
including
Franklin
Roosevelt
and
John
F.
Kennedy.
Massachusetts
Institute
of
Technology
MIT
is
a
private
institution
founded
in
1861.
Located
outside
Boston
in
Cambridge,
Massachusetts,
MIT
focuses
on
scientific
and
technological
research.
Famous
alumni
include
Apollo
11
astronaut
Buzz
Aldrin
and
former
UN
Secretary
General
Kofi
Annan.
Yale
University
Yale
University
is
a
private
institution
founded
in
1701.
Located
in
New
Haven,
Connecticut,
it
is
known
for
its
excellent
drama
and
music
programs.
Famous
alumni
include
five
US
presidents
and
actress
Meryl
Streep.
1.
Which
university
has
the
longest
history?
A.
Princeton
University.
B.
Harvard
University.
C.
Massachusetts
Institute
of
Technology.
D.
Yale
University.
2.
What
do
we
know
about
Yale
University?
A.
It
provides
various
events,
activities
and
organizations.
B.
It
concentrates
on
scientific
and
technological
research.
C.
It
is
the
university
that
John
F.
Kennedy
graduated
from.
D.
It
is
known
for
its
excellent
drama
and
music
programs.
3.
What
do
the
four
universities
have
in
common?
A.
They
are
all
private
institutions.
B.
They
are
all
named
after
cities.
C.
They
are
all
located
in
Cambridge.
D.
They
all
have
more
than
10
schools.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四所优秀的美国大学：普林斯顿大学、哈佛大学、麻省理工学院和耶鲁大学。
1.
B【解析】细节理解题。根据文章“Princeton
University
is
a
private
institution
founded
in
1746.(普林斯顿大学是一所成立于1746年的私立大学。)”；“Harvard
University
is
a
private
institution
founded
in
1636.
(哈佛大学是一所创建于1636年的私立大学。)”；“MIT
is
a
private
institution
founded
in
1861.(
麻省理工学院是创立于1861年的私人机构。)”；“Yale
University
is
a
private
institution
founded
in
1701.
(耶鲁大学是一所成立于1701年的私立大学。)”比较可知，哈佛大学历史最为悠久。故选B。
2.
D【解析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Located
in
New
Haven,
Connecticut,
it
is
known
for
its
excellent
drama
and
music
programs.
(它位于康涅狄格州的纽黑文，以其出色的戏剧和音乐节目而闻名。)”可知，耶鲁大学以其优秀的戏剧和音乐节目而闻名。故选D。
3.
A【解析】细节理解题。根据文章“Princeton
University
is
a
private
institution
founded
in
1746.(普林斯顿大学是一所成立于1746年的私立大学。)”；“Harvard
University
is
a
private
institution
founded
in
1636.
(哈佛大学是一所创建于1636年的私立大学。)”；“MIT
is
a
private
institution
founded
in
1861.(
麻省理工学院是创立于1861年的私人机构。)”；“Yale
University
is
a
private
institution
founded
in
1701.
(耶鲁大学是一所成立于1701年的私立大学。)”可知，四所大学的共同点是它们都是私人机构。故选A。
G（2020届西藏拉萨市高三第一次模拟考试）
RAF
Flypast
Tuesday,
central
London
raf.
mod.
uk
More
than
one
hundred
airplanes,
from
Spitfires
to
the
Lightning,
will
be
coming
together.
The
amazing
once-in-a-lifetime
display
is
expected
to
pass
over
Buckingham
Palace
at
around
1
pm.
Petfringe
Sunday,
Petworth,
West
Sussex
petfringe.
co.uk
Petworth,
home
of
the
17th-century
Grade
I
listed
Petworth
House,
is
the
setting
for
this
definitely-not-animal-related
festival,
featuring
everything
from
classical
music
to
theatre
and
film
screenings.
Petfringe
also
hosts
the
final
of
its
Comedian
Of
The
Year
competition,
where
the
winner
will
take
home
￡10,001—the
UK’s
largest
stand-up
prize.
Fast
Fringe
Monday,
Underbelly
Festival,
Southbank,
London
underbelly
Imagine
going
to
the
Edinburgh
Fringe
but
don’t
know
who
to
see?
This
will
help—it’s
a
showcase
(展示)
of
28
Scotland-bound
acts
each
performing
three-minute-teasers
of
their
sets.
Acts
include
Lost
Voice
Guy,
who
has
already
been
an
overnight
success
thanks
to
his
“Britain’s
Got
Talent”
win.
Henley
Festival
October
11-15,
Henley-on-Thames
henleyfestival.
co.uk
There’s’
much
to
enjoy
here,
whether
you’re
fond
of
comedy,
the
arts,
or
opera
(歌剧).
Black
tie
is
a
must,
as
is
drinking
Pimm’s.
As
You
Like
It
October
28,
Open
Air
Theatre,
Regent’s
Park,
London
Bill
Shakespeare’s
comedy
in
the
Forest
of
Arden
is
directed
by
Max
Webster,
and
comes
to
Regent’s
Park.
It
features
new
music
too.
1.
Which
event
includes
airplane
shows?
A.
Petfringe.
B.
Fast
Fringe.
C.
RAF
Flypast.
D.
Henley
Festival.
2.
What
do
we
know
about
Petfringe?
A.
It
is
held
on
Monday.
B.
It
is
festival
for
animal
lovers.
C.
It
sets
up
an
award
for
comedians.
D.
It
hosts
“Britain’s
Got
Talent”
competition.
3.
What
do
Henley
Festival
and
As
You
Like
It
have
in
common?
A.
They
are
suitable
for
comedy
fans.
B.
They
are
planned
by
Max
Webster.
C.
They
will
take
place
on
the
same
day.
D.
They
require
visitors
to
wear
black
tie.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个展览，包括地点、时间和内容简介等。
1.
C【解析】细节理解题。根据RAF
Flypast部分的More
than
one
hundred
airplanes,
from
Spitfires
to
the
Lightning,
will
be
coming
together.
可知，超过一百架飞机（从喷火到闪电）会一起出现。因此，会出现飞机秀的是RAF
Flypast。故选C。
2.
C【解析】细节理解题。根据Petfringe部分的Petfringe
also
hosts
the
final
of
its
Comedian
Of
The
Year
competition,
where
the
winner
will
take
home
￡10,001—the
UK’s
largest
stand-up
prize.可知Petfringe主持年度喜剧演员大赛的决赛，胜者能得到￡10,001，这是英国最大的单口奖。因此，Petfringe设立了喜剧演员奖。故选C。
3.
A【解析】细节理解题。根据Henley
Festival部分的There’s
much
to
enjoy
here,
whether
you’re
fond
of
comedy,
the
arts,
or
opera
(歌剧).
Black
tie
is
a
must,
as
is
drinking
Pimm’s.可知，在那儿有很多可以享受的，不管你是喜欢喜剧，艺术还是歌剧。黑色领带是必不可少的，就像喝皮姆酒一样。根据As
You
Like
It部分的Bill
Shakespeare’s
comedy
in
the
Forest
of
Arden
is
directed
by
Max
Webster,
and
comes
to
Regent’s
Park.
It
features
new
music
too.可知，比尔·莎士比亚的喜剧《阿登森林》由马克斯·韦伯斯特执导，会在摄政公园上映。它也以新音乐为特色。因此，Henley
Festival和As
You
Like
It的共同点是他们适合喜剧迷。故选A。
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