中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
(
全新解读高考完形填空
)
一、题型介绍
完形填空不仅考查学生对所学词汇、语法等基础知识的综合运用能力，而且考查学生的阅读能力；不仅考查学生的知识背景，而且考查学生的逻辑推理和篇章结构理解等综合能力。它的命题原则是“以实词为主，虚词为辅，突出词汇语境化”。
三、设题焦点
上下文直接信息题
词、句、文三结合理解题
词义辨析题
语法知识和固定短语考查题
行文逻辑和全文中心把握题
三、解题关键
1.
抓主题，寻信息
2.
觅逻辑，找搭配
3.
辨词义，破难题
四、解题技巧
五大方法速判句内层次题
解题信息分布在本句内，在读懂文章的前提下，利用本句的一些解题信息就可直接做答。对于此类题目，可边读边填，将原文信息尽量复原。
利用习惯搭配及固定结构解题
完形填空中经常会考查一些固定结构、固定句式，这时就需要运用习惯搭配及固定结构来解题。这个技巧主要指惯用搭配，讲究词与词的搭配，涉及到关联词、动词、副词、形容词、名词和短语等。
[示例] I
then
made
it
a
point
to
__55__
those
meetings
and
learn
all
I
could.
A．chair B．sponsor
C．attend
D．organize
[解析] C 本题可以利用固定结构解题。attend
a
meeting出席会议，是固定搭配。
利用生活常识和文化背景解题
完形填空的语篇中往往渗透着诸如文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。在做题时，若能积极地调动自己的文化背景知识和生活常识，巧妙地加以运用，特别是注意中西文化的差异，将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程，节省宝贵的时间，顺利地沿作者的思路阅读下去。
[示例] Just
last
year,
I
was
56.conducting
a
workshop
when
someone
knocked
at
the
classroom
door.
A
woman
__57__
the
interruption
and
handed
me
an
envelope.
57．A.regretted
B．avoided
C．excused
D．ignored
[解析] C 此题可利用生活常识和文化背景解题。作者正在上课，因此根据生活常识，打断作者上课应该请求原谅。
3．利用对应成分分析法解题
完形填空文章的上下文之间以及句子内部之间往往有着一定的逻辑关系，它使句子的各个成分之间形成一定的对应关系。考生可以根据这种逻辑关系找出与未知填空相对应的已知成分，将它作为线索，通过它推断出未知填空的答案。
[示例]To
__51__
the
amount
of
rubbish
and
to
protect
the
52.environment，more
governments
are
requiring
people
to
recycle
materials.
51．A.show
B．record
C．decrease
D．measure
[解析] C 本题可以利用对应成分分析法解题。第51题与protect形成对应关系。因为前面有and这一并列连词，并且and前后意思应该一致，我们可以很轻松地选出正确答案C项(decrease“减少”)。
[示例] A
pupil
who
can
do
his
homework
in
a
quiet
and
59
room
is
in
a
much
better
position
than
a
pupil
who
does
his
homework
in
a
small,
noisy
room
with
the
television
on.
A.
furnished
B.
expensive
C.
comfortable
D.
suitable
[解析]该题利用相似短语之间的对比关系来命题。设空部分与下文的a
small,
noisy
room
with
the
television
on存在对比关系。作者想借此说明“相同的作业”对于“不同家庭背景的学生”所表现出的事实上的不公平。答案C。
4.利用逻辑关系解题
此方法是通过分析未知填空前后文与已知信息之间的逻辑关系来确定答案，主要应用于完形填空的两类题型：一是考查连接词和起连接词作用的短语，二是考查上下文的逻辑关系。
[示例] We
went
10?1
and
I
was
named
most
valuable
player,
__28__I
often
had
crazy
dreams
in
which
I
was
to
blame
for
Miller’s
29.accident．
28．A.and
B．then
C．but
D．thus
[解析] C 本题考查连词。通过分析得知本填空前后文的已知信息是明显的转折关系，因此答案是but。and表示并列关系；then表示顺承关系；thus表示因果关系。连词的作用就是将其前后文的已知信息衔接起来，因此可以利用逻辑关系来解题，即通过分析该未知填空前后文的已知信息的逻辑关系来确定本题应该填入表达何种逻辑关系的短语。
[示例]...
got
me
rock-bottom
prices
on
airfares,
cars,
and
hotels.
But
her
cold
voice
really
28
me.
28.
A.
annoyed
B.
interested
C.
discouraged
D.
confused
[解析]
A
But是这里的语篇标记语，表示转折关系。由此我们可推测，尽管作者的旅行社经纪人总是能给他买到最低价的机票等，但是她冷冰冰的声音着实让作者不开心，故annoyed
符合此处语境。
利用语境暗示分析法解题
上下文语境具体体现为：全文的中心主线和主题、作者的态度倾向和评价、上下文语篇衔接、句际和段际关系。在句内层次中，我们通常可以通过上下文语境，即根据已知信息，推导出正确答案。
[示例] The
38.trip
is
scheduled
to
start
on
December
21
in
New
York
City
and
continue
on
to
Milan,
Prague,
Paris,
Bangkok
and
New
Delhi
before
__39__
in
Toronto
on
January
8.
39．A.ending
B．calling
C．repeating
D．staying
[解析] A 本题可以利用语境暗示分析法解题。由前面的start可知旅行开始时间，因此我们可以快速地选出ending旅行的结束时间。
[示例]
When
you
revise,
you
change
aspects
of
your
work
in
54
to
your
evolving
purpose,
or
to
include
55
ideas
or
newly
discovered
information.
55.
A.
fixed
B.
ambitious
C.
familiar
D.
fresh
[解析]
D
fresh
ideas
与本句后面的newly
discovered
information对应。
四种方法智取句组层次题
比句内层次题稍难一级的题目，其解题信息分布在空格前后的一组意群之中，解题时需前瞻后顾，综合意群信息解答。即：本句信息不足填，空格前后再找信息源。
1．利用语义复现解题
复现是一种语义衔接手段，它通过原词、同义词或近义词、反义词、上义词、下义词、同源词或同根词等重复出现来表达某一概念，使整篇文章上下连贯，有机地衔接在一起。因此，考生可根据文章的具体情况，理解文章的结构和语境，利用文章中的复现现象来选择正确的答案。
[示例] While
high
school
does
not
generally
encourage
students
to
explore
new
aspects
of
life，college
sets
the
stage
for
that
exploration.
I
myself
went
through
this
__41__
process
and
found
something
that
has
changed
my
42.experience
at
college
for
the
better：I
discovered
ASL—American
Sign
Language(美式手语)．
41．A.searching
B．planning
C．natural
D．formal
[解析]
A 本题可利用语义复现解题。由上文中的explore
new
aspects
of
life可知，所填词与explore(探索)在词义上相近，故选searching(寻找)。planning计划；natural自然的；formal正式的。
[示例] Good
manners
at
mealtimes
help
you
and
those
around
you
to
feel
49
.
This
is
true
at
home
as
much
as
it
is
true
in
someone
else’s
home
or
in
a
restaurant.
Good
50
make
meals
more
enjoyable
for
everyone
at
the
table.
50.A.
dishes
B.
manners
C.
atmospheres
D.
friends
【解析】B
我们可以很容易地找到设空部分的解题线索——上文的复现词汇
manners。故答案为
B。
[示例] This
is
what
happens
on
long
submarine（潜水艇）
voyages.
It
will
also
happen
on
47
space
flights
in
the
future.
Will
there
be
special
problems
of
adjustment
under
such
conditions?
47．A.long
B.fast
C.dangerous
D.direct
【解析】A
我们可以很容易地找到设空部分的解题线索——上文的复现词汇long
[示例] Many
firms
already
claim
to
be
“customer-driven”
or
“consumer-centered”.
Now
their
62
will
be
tested
as
never
before.
62.A.
information
B.
investment
C.
claims
D.
shops
【解析】C
我们可以很容易地找到设空部分的解题线索——上文的复现词汇claim。
利用作者态度或感彩关联解题
在完形填空文章中，我们一定要在快速阅读文章的过程中，仔细找出能够反映作者态度和感彩的重要词汇，它们往往是名词、形容词、副词或动词。这些词汇通常是我们做题时重要的参照线索，可以帮助我们快速确定某些题目的正确答案或根据作者对人物或事情的褒贬性排除干扰做出正确的选择。
[示例] When
men
are
49(held
up)
together
for
a
long
period,
they
begin
to
feel
uneasy.
Everyone
has
little
habits
of
speaking
and
behaving
that
are
ordinarily
acceptable.
In
the
limited
space
over
a
long
period
of
time,
however,
these
little
habits
may
become
very
50
.
50．A．pleasing
B．annoying
C．common
D．valuable
【解析】B
结合上下文，意思是在狭小的空间里呆的时间过长，平时习惯的小动作也变得令人不能容忍了。上文they
begin
to
feel
uneasy是提示。A项“令人高兴的”、C项“普通的”、D项“有价值的”意思都不符合语境。只有B项annoying与上文中的uneasy在作者的情感态度上最接近。
3．利用逻辑关系解题
在句组层次题中，利用逻辑关系解题同样是一种重要的方法。完形填空中的每一个空格并非孤立存在的，命题者必须通过上下文体现出某种线索来保证空格所填答案的唯一性，而这一线索即是上下文乃至贯穿全文的逻辑关系，若在解题时忽视这一点，则无异于只见树木，不见森林。文章的逻辑关系不外乎有列举、因果、让步、对照、递进、目的、条件等，命题者往往借助于连词或介词短语来设置选项，因此在平时学习时就应该分清并牢记相关连词及介词短语所表示的逻辑关系。
[示例]
Are
your
table
manners
much
better
when
you
are
eating
at
a
friend’s
home
or
in
a
restaurant
than
they
are
at
your
own
home?
Probably
so,
45
you
are
aware
that
people
judge
you
by
your
table
manners.
45.
A.
because
B.
but
C.
unless
D.
though
【解析】
A
你之所以在朋友家或餐馆的用餐礼仪比在自家时要好，是因为你知道人们会据此来评判一个人文明程度。不难判断
“you
are
aware
that
people
judge
you
by
your
table
manners”是表达前文的理由，用连词because。
[示例] As
a
French
graduate
who
has
taught
for
more
than
twenty-five
years,
I
believe
I
have
some
idea
of
why
the
failure
is
so
total.
55
the
faults
already
found
out
in
the
education
system
as
a
whole
—
such
as
child-centered
learning,
the
“discovery”
method,
and
the
low
expectations
by
teachers
of
pupils
—
there
have
been
several
serious
56
which
have
a
direct
effect
on
language
teaching.
55.
A.
Due
to
B.
In
addition
to
C.
Instead
of
D.
In
spite
of
【解析】B
选项分别解释为“由于”、“除……外”、“代替”、“尽管”。理解上下文语境可知其逻辑关系是列举补充关系，故选B。该段主旨是：语言教学失败除了自身原因外，还有其它诸因素的直接影响。下文破折号后的there
have
been
several…为判断其逻辑关系提供了线索。
4．利用语境暗示分析法解题
在句组层次中，有些题目我们往往也需要通过上下文语境，即根据已知信息，推导出正确答案。
[示例] During
the
war,my
husband
was
stationed
at
an
army
camp
in
a
desert
in
California.I
went
to
live
there......
My
husband
was
ordered
out
on
a
long-term
duty,and
I
was
left
in
a
tiny
shack(棚屋)
alone......
24
a
soul
to
talk
to
.
The
wind
blew
non-stop
,and
all
the
food
I
ate
,and
the
evry
air
I
breathed,were
25
with
sand
,
sand
,
sand
!
24.
A.
Only
B.
Not
C.
Many
D.Such
【解析】：上下文语境分析法。根据上文a
desert和alone，可知，没有一个人可以交谈。A.仅仅；B.
没有；C.很多；D.这样。故选B。
三种方法突破语篇层次题
语篇层次题要求考生理解整篇文章，抓住全文的脉络、作者的思想、意图或主人公的心理，然后进行准确的推理、判断，从而做出正确的选择。这类题难度较大，一篇完形填空中，大约有2～3道此类题。
不急于解答，读完全文后综合思维再做判定。语篇层次题的解答必须立足于整个语篇，因此在解题时对这类题目不能急于解答，要跨越段落，顺藤摸瓜，仔细比对，最终得出答案。具体来说，可以利用以下3种方法解答此类题目。
利用语义复现解题
由于完形填空的文章是一个意义相关联的语篇，它往往要围绕一个话题论述，因此行文中词语的重复、替代或同现的现象是不可避免的，即某一词常常以原词、同义词或近义词以及其它形式重复出现在语篇之中。词汇复现的语用意义使得语篇中的句子相互衔接和连贯，从而构成一个完整和有机的意义整体。根据这一原则，某一个空格所对应的答案很可能就是在上下文中复现的相关词，考生可以这些词之间的有机联系来决定答案。
[示例]
The
first
attempt
of
even
the
most
talented
artists,
musicians,
and
writers
is
seldom
a
masterpiece,
If
you
consider
your
drafts
as
dress
rehearsals
(彩排),
or
tryouts,
revising
will
seem
a
natural
part
of
the
writing
50
.
What
is
the
purpose
of
the
dress
rehearsals
and
the
out-of-town
previews
that
many
Broadway
shows
go
through?
The
answer
is
adding,
deleting,
replacing,
reordering,
51.
in
other
words
revising.
Andrew
Lloyd
Webber's
musical
Phantom
of
the
Opera
underwent
such
a
process.
50.
A.
technique
B.
style
C.
process
D.
career
[解析]：参照下文第二段最后一句的“Andrew
Lloyd
Webber's
musical
Phantom
of
the
Opera
underwent
such
a
process.”可知答案C。process这个单词在下文复现。
[示例]
In
2012,
I
had
just
recovered
from
a
serious
illness
when
I
received
an
invitation
to
a
writer's
conference
in
Orlando,
Florida.
My
family
persuaded
me
that
a(n)
36
might
be
just
what
the
doctor
ordered,
so
off
I
37
went
.
36.
A.holiday
B.ceremony
C.operation
D.experiment
....
I'
ll
never
forget
that
wonderful
lady
who,
through
her
55
kindness
,
filled
my
brief
holiday
in
Florida
with
wonderful
memories.
[解析]
A
考察名词词义辨析及上下文串联。A假期；B仪式；C手术；D实验；句义：在2012年我刚刚从一次严重的疾病中恢复过来，我收到了一个邀请我去奥兰多参加作家会议。我家人说服我一个这样的假期也许是医生要求我做的事情。生病的人需要假期来恢复身心。另外根据文章最后一句filled
my
brief
holiday
in
Florida可知也应该指假期。
利用总分结构或对比结构分析法解题
完形填空往往采用总分对照结构，总述是对分述的总结和概括，而分述是对总述的展开和详述，两者之间有着明确的相互支撑、相互印证的对照关系。总分对照结构可以为我们提供重要的解题线索。
对比结构常把两种对立的事物或同一事物的两个不同方面并列出来加以比较或对比。高考完形填空题常常利用句子之间的对比关系或者同一个句子的不同部分之间的对比关系设计题目。对比结构可以为我们提供重要的解题线索。
[示例] He
had
always
been
interested
in
medicine
and
had
read
a
book,
which
discussed
the
idea
of
how
body
chemistry
and
health
can
be
damaged
by
emotional
stress
and
negative
__47__.
The
book
made
Cousins
think
about
the
possible
__48__
of
positive
attitudes
and
emotions.
47.
A.
attitudes
B.
beliefs
C.
goals
D.
positions
48.
A.
shortcoming
B.
harm
C.
benefit
D.
interest
【解析】 这两题均考查根据上下文选择正确的名词。上句意为“……书中讨论到紧张的情绪和消极的。。。都会损害人体组织和健康”。紧接着下句，意为“这本书使Cousins考虑到，积极的态度和情感可能带来的.....”。上句中的negative
attitude,
damaged等词与下句中的positive
attitude,
benefit形成对照，是解题关键。故47题A选项为正确答案；48题C为正确答案。
[示例]
In
some
situations,
those
who
are
physically
attractive
are
more
likely
to
receive
aid.
56
,
in
a
field
study
researchers
placed
a
completed
application
to
graduate
school
in
a
telephone
box
at
the
airport.
The
application
was
ready
to
be
57
,
but
had
apparently
been
"lost"
.
The
photo
attached
to
the
application
was
sometimes
that
of
a
very
58
person
and
sometimes
that
of
a
less
attractive
person.
The
measure
of
helping
was
whether
the
individual
who
found
the
envelope
actually
mailed
it
or
not.
Results
showed
that
people
were
more
likely
to
59
the
application
if
the
person
in
the
photo
was
physically
attractive.
56.
A.
At
first
B.
Above
all
C.
In
addition
D.
For
example
57.
A.printed
B.mailed
C.rewritten
D.signed
58.
A.
talented
B.
good-looking
C.
helpful
D.
hard-working
59.
A.
send
in
B.
throw
away
C.
fill
out
D.
turn
down
【解析】56，答案为D，根据本段首句以及选项后面所举出的例子可得知答案为D；57，答案为B，根据本段
“whether
the
individual
who
found
the
envelope
actually
mailed
it
or
not”可得出答案；58，答案为B，根据本段的最后一行的最后两个单词以及第五行的less
attractive得出答案为B；59，答案为A，根据上文当中的mail，动词意思为邮寄，答案为A。
[示例]
No
limits!
Imagine
that
normal
limitations
don’t
__58__.
You
have
as
much
time/space/money,
etc.
as
you
want.
Think
about
your
goal
and
the
new
__59__.
If
your
goal
is
to
learn
to
ski,
__60__,
you
can
now
practice
skiing
every
day
of
your
life
(because
you
have
the
time
and
the
money).
Now
__61__
this
to
reality.
Maybe
you
can
practice
skiing
every
day
in
December,
or
every
Monday
in
January.
Be
someone
else!
Look
at
the
situation
from
a
__62__
point
of
view.
Good
businessmen
use
this
technique
in
trade,
and
so
do
writers.
Fiction
writers
often
imagine
they
are
the
__63__
in
their
books.
They
ask
questions:
What
does
this
character
want?
Why
can’t
she
get
it?
What
changes
must
she
make
to
get
what
she
wants?
If
your
goal
involves
other
people,
put
yourself
in
their
__64__.
The
best
fishermen
think
like
fish!
A.
work
B.
last
C.
exist
D.
change
A.
private
B.
global
C.
different
D.
practical
【解析】58.
C
由本段的开头一句话：NO
limits!
可知本段的中心应该围绕该话题展开的。62.
C
此题的测试方法和上面的第58题如出一辙，只要用心都会注意到该段的开头一句话：Be
someone
else!
充当的作用：总领该段。故此选答案时应该照顾上下文。
利用逻辑关系解题
在语篇层次题中，利用逻辑关系也是一种重要解题方法。完形填空中的每一个空格并非孤立存在的，命题者必须通过上下文体现出某种线索来保证空格所填答案的唯一性，而这一线索即是上下文乃至贯穿全文的逻辑关系，若在解题时忽视这一点，则无异于只见树木，不见森林。文章的逻辑关系不外乎有列举、因果、让步、对照、递进、目的、条件等，命题者往往借助于连词或介词短语来设置选项，因此在平时学习时就应该分清并牢记相关连词及介词短语所表示的逻辑关系。
[示例]
Revision
is
not
just
an
afterthought
that
gets
only
as
much
time
as
you
have
at
the
end
of
an
assignment.
56
,
it
is
a
major
stage
of
the
writing
process,
and
writers
revise
every
step
of
the
way.
56.
A.
However
B.
Moreover
C.
Instead
D.
Therefore
【解析】：B
副词Moreover类似与but
also表递进含义，与前面句not
just（only）呼应。副词However（然而，表转折关系）、Instead（作为替代、反而，表相反含义）、Therefore（因此，表原因）都不符题意。
（1）
Directions:
For
each
blank
in
the
following
passage
there
are
four
words
or
phrases
marked
A,
B,
C
and
D.
Filling
each
blank
with
the
word
or
phrase
that
best
fits
the
context.
People
on
a
college
campus
were
more
likely
to
give
money
to
the
March
of
Dimes
if
they
were
asked
for
a
donation
by
a
disabled
woman
in
a
wheelchair
than
if
asked
by
a
nondisabled
woman.
In
another
50
,
subway
riders
in
New
York
saw
a
man
carrying
a
stick
stumble（绊脚）and
fall
to
the
floor.
Sometimes
the
victim
had
a
large
red
birthmark
on
his
51
;
sometimes
he
did
not.
In
this
situation,
the
victim
was
more
likely
to
52
aid
if
his
face
was
spotless
than
if
he
had
an
unattractive
birthmark.
In
53
these
and
other
research
findings,
two
themes
are
54
:
we
are
more
willing
to
help
people
we
like
for
some
reason
and
people
we
think
_
55
_
assistance.
In
some
situations,
those
who
are
physically
attractive
are
more
likely
to
receive
aid.
56
,
in
a
field
study
researchers
placed
a
completed
application
to
graduate
school
in
a
telephone
box
at
the
airport.
The
application
was
ready
to
be
57
,
but
had
apparently
been
"lost"
.
The
photo
attached
to
the
application
was
sometimes
that
of
a
very
58
person
and
sometimes
that
of
a
less
attractive
person.
The
measure
of
helping
was
whether
the
individual
who
found
the
envelope
actually
mailed
it
or
not.
Results
showed
that
people
were
more
likely
to
59
the
application
if
the
person
in
the
photo
was
physically
attractive.
The
degree
of
60
between
the
potential
helper
and
the
person
in
need
is
also
important.
For
example,
people
are
more
likely
to
help
a
stranger
who
is
from
the
same
country
rather
than
a
foreigner.
In
one
study,
shoppers
on
a
busy
street
in
Scotland
were
more
likely
to
help
a
person
wearing
a(n)
61
T-shirt
than
a
person
wearing
a
T-shirt
printed
with
offensive
words.
Whether
a
person
receives
help
depends
in
part
on
the
"worth"
of
the
case.
For
example,
shoppers
in
a
supermarket
were
more
likely
to
give
someone.
62
_
to
buy
milk
rather
than
to
buy
cookies,
probably
because
milk
is
thought
more
essential
for
63
than
cookies.
Passengers
on
a
New
York
subway
were
more
likely
to
help
a
man
who
fell
to
the
ground
if
he
appeared
to
be
64
rather
than
drunk.
50.
A.study
B.way
C.word
D.college
51.
A.
hand
B.
arm
C.
face
D.
back
52.
A.refuse
B.beg
C.lose
D.receive
53.
A.
challenging
B.
recording
C.
understanding
D.
publishing
54.
A.important
B.
possible
C.
amusing
D.
missing
55.
A.seek
B.deserve
C.obtain
D.accept
56.
A.
At
first
B.
Above
all
C.
In
addition
D.
For
example
57.
A.printed
B.mailed
C.rewritten
D.signed
58.
A.
talented
B.
good-looking
C.
helpful
D.
hard-working
59.
A.
send
in
B.
throw
away
C.
fill
out
D.
turn
down
60.
A.
similarity
B.
friendship
C.
cooperation
D.
contact
61.
A.expensive
B.plain
C.cheap
D.strange
62.
A.time
B.instructions
C.money
D.chances
63.
A.
shoppers
B.
research
C.
children
D.
health
64.
A.
talkative
B.
handsome
C.
calm
D.
sick
答案及解析：
50，答案为B，根据第六行的最后一个单词research，得出答案，学生可能由于上文当中出现的college而选择答案D，联系上下文不难得出这是一项研究。
51，答案为C，根据下文当中的his
face
was
spotless，可得出答案，此处学生可能由于考试紧张没有注意到上下文的联系而猜错。
52，答案为D，根据四个选项的意思得出答案为D，句意为如果受害者的脸毫无瑕疵，比起那些脸上有丑陋胎记的受害者，他更可能接受到帮助，显然A,B.C三个选项的意义都不符合句意。这里学生可能由于不知道victim或选项的意义而选错。
53，答案为C，根据句意和上下文可判断答案为C，其他三个选项都不符合句意。学生可能因为选项意义的混淆以及对上下文的把控不到位而选错。
54，答案为A，根据四个选项的意思和句意可以判断出答案为A，此题学生错的原因同上
55，答案为B，根据句意是我们认为值得帮助的人，所以答案为B，选项A，意思为寻求，选项C意思为获得，选项D为接受，都不符合句意
56，答案为D，根据第四段句首以及选项后面所举出的例子可得知答案为D，学生可能以为没有分析清楚后面的段落是例子而选错答案。
57，答案为B，根据本段第六行的第二个单词可得出答案，学生可能由于没有仔细的分析上下文而选错答案。
58，答案为B，根据本段的最后一行的最后两个单词以及第五行的less
attractive得出答案为B，学生可能没有和上下文作对比而猜答案。
59，答案为A，根据上文当中的mail，动词意思为邮寄，答案为A，学生可能由于上文当中的mail就没有猜出来，导致出错。
60，答案为A，根据倒数第二段的第一句话，人们可能更愿意帮助来自同一国家的人而不是外国人，判断答案为A。
61，答案为B，根据offensive的意义以及句子的意义判断出答案位B，学生可能由于不清楚plain和offensive的意思而选错。
62，答案为C，根据该空后面的to
buy
milk，显而易见得出答案为C，除非粗心，本题学生不会出错。
63，答案为D，根据句意和essential的意思可以判断出答案为D，学生可能由于不清楚essential的意思而选错答案。
64，答案为D，通过对四个选项的单词意义作对比以及句子的意义和句子当中fell
to
the
ground可以判断出D为最佳答案，学生可能没有注意到fall
to
the
ground而选错答案。
（2）
Directions:
Fill
in
each
blank
with
the
word
or
phrase
that
best
fits
the
context.
Everyone
in
business
has
been
told
that
success
is
all
about
attracting
and
retaining
(留住)
customers.
It
sounds
simple
and
achievable.
But,
50
,
words
of
wisdom
are
soon
forgotten.
Once
companies
have
attracted
customers
they
often
51
the
second
half
of
the
story.
In
the
excitement
of
beating
off
the
competition,
negotiating
prices,
securing
orders,
and
delivering
the
product,
managers
tend
to
become
carried
away.
They
forget
what
they
regard
as
the
boring
side
of
business—
52
that
the
customer
remains
a
customer.
53
to
concentrate
on
retaining
as
well
as
attracting
customers
costs
business
huge
amounts
of
money
annually.
It
has
been
estimated
that
the
average
company
loses
between
10
and
30
per
cent
of
its
customers
every
years.
In
constantly
changing
54
,
this
is
not
surprising.
What
is
surprising
is
the
fact
that
few
companies
have
any
idea
how
many
customers
they
have
lost.
Only
now
are
organizations
beginning
to
wake
up
to
those
lost
opportunities
and
calculate
the
55
implications.
Cutting
down
the
number
of
customers
a
company
loses
can
make
a
big
56
in
its
performance.
Research
in
the
US
found
that
a
five
per
cent
decrease
in
the
number
of
defecting
(流失的)
customers
led
to
57
increases
of
between
25
and
85
per
cent.
In
the
US,
Domino’s
Pizza
estimates
that
a
regular
customer
is
worth
more
than
$5,000
over
ten
years.
A
customer
who
receives
a
poor
quality
product
or
service
on
their
first
visit
and
58
never
returns,
is
losing
the
company
thousands
of
dollars
in
59
profits
(more
if
you
consider
how
many
people
they
are
likely
to
tell
about
their
bad
experience).
The
logic
behind
cultivating
customer
60
is
impossible
to
deny.
“In
practice
most
companies’
marketing
effort
is
focused
on
getting
customers,
with
little
attention
paid
to
61
them”,
says
Adrian
Payne
of
Cornfield
University’
School
of
Management.
“Research
suggests
that
there
is
a
close
relationship
between
retaining
customers
and
making
profits.
62
customers
tend
to
buy
more,
are
predictable
and
usually
cost
less
to
service
than
new
customers.
Furthermore,
they
tend
to
be
less
price
63
,
and
may
provide
free
word-of-mouth
advertising.
Retaining
customers
also
makes
it
64
for
competitors
to
enter
a
market
or
increase
their
share
of
a
market.
A.
in
particular
B.
in
reality
C.
at
least
D.
first
of
all
A.
emphasize
B.
doubt
C.
overlook
D.
believe
A.
denying
B.
ensuring
C.
arguing
D.
proving
A.
Moving
B.
Hoping
C.
Starting
D.
Failing
A.
markets
B.
tastes
C.
prices
D.
expenses
A.
culture
B.
social
C.
financial
D.
economical
A.
promise
B.
plan
C.
mistake
D.
difference
A.
cost
B.
opportunity
C.
profit
D.
budget
A.
as
a
result
B.
on
the
whole
C.
in
conclusion
D.
on
the
contrary
A.
huge
B.
potential
C.
extra
D.
reasonable
A.
beliefs
B.
loyalty
C.
habits
D.
interest
A.
altering
B.
understanding
C.
keeping
D.
attracting
A.
Assumed
B.
Respected
C.
Established
D.
Unexpected
A.
agreeable
B.
flexible
C.
friendly
D.
sensitive
A.
unfair
B.
difficult
C.
essential
D.
convenient
答案及解析：
50.B通过本题前面单词but可以得知，这里传达的信息是转折。“但是，事实上，至理名言总是会被忘记的。”本题的强干扰项是A
in
particular尤其。如果，把in
reality
改为in
fact.
相信很多考生都能做对。这里体现了，高中的词汇升级。
51.C.结合上一句含义，人们容易忘记治理名言。这里便证明这一点。一旦公司吸引了顾客他们总是忽略名
言的下半句。“overlook”忽视。
52.B
本题前面讲到商家做了很多事情来维护自己的生意。但是。却忘记了一条，确保你的客户一直是你的客户。“ensure”确保。
53.D本题后面一句话讲到，据估计，平均每家公司每年会失去11%-30%的客户。这里可以确定，本题填写的是“falling”下滑。这样便能前后呼应了。
54.A结合上句，可以得知，在市场的不断改变中，丢失客户不足以令人惊讶。“markets”市场。
55.C通过本段第一句话，现在商家开始意识到流失客户并且统计财政收入方面给予的暗示。选择“financial”财政的。这里的强干扰项是“economical”经济的。结合前两段分析，现在讨论的是每一个商家与客户流失的事情，而不是讨论经济环境这个大背景的问题。所以排除D。
56.D.本题只要看看下一句，便可得知强调的是客户流失是否对公司带来的巨大影响。make
a
difference：影响。
57.C
本题答案在本段第三行，研究表明只要减少5%的客户流失便会带来25%-85%的利润增长。“profit”利润。
58.A
本题答案在本段第二行，只要客户第一次收到的是品质低劣的产品，结果他们就不会再来了。“as
a
result”结果。
59.B
本题答案需要接合本段第一行与本段第三行来综合考虑。第一行讲到每个老客户在10年的时间里价值5000美元。而第三行讲到如果流失一名客户便会损失潜在的利润。所以，选择“potential”潜在的。
60.B
结合前文所述，不难理解这里是说培养客户的忠诚。“loyalty”忠诚。
61.C这里依然是说，大部分的商家只是聚焦于如何获得顾客，而很少去留心如何留住顾客。
62.C本题的含义是，老客户会买的更多，并且会占用服务资源更少。“established”已经确立的。这里引申为“老客户”。
63.D本题的含义是，老顾客对价格的敏感性更低，并且会做免费的口头广告。
64.B
本题的含义是，保留住顾客会让竞争者更难进入市场来占市场的份额。
（3）
Directions:
For
each
blank
in
the
following
passage
there
are
four
words
or
phrases
marked
A,B,
C
and
D.
Fill
in
each
blank
with
the
word
or
phrase
that
best
fits
the
context.
The
first
attempt
of
even
the
most
talented
artists,
musicians,
and
writers
is
seldom
a
masterpiece,
If
you
consider
your
drafts
as
dress
rehearsals
(彩排),
or
tryouts,
revising
will
seem
a
natural
part
of
the
writing
50
.
What
is
the
purpose
of
the
dress
rehearsals
and
the
out-of-town
previews
that
many
Broadway
shows
go
through?
The
answer
is
adding,
deleting,
replacing,
reordering,
51
revising.
Andrew
Lloyd
Webber's
musical
Phantom
of
the
Opera
underwent
such
a
process.
When
Lloyd
Webber
began
writing
in
1984,
he
had
in
mind
a
funny,
exciting
production.
However,
when
Phantom
opened
in
London
in
1986,
the
audience
saw
a
moving
psychological
love
story
set
to
music.
The
musical
had.
52
several
revisions
due,
in
part,
to
problems
with
costuming
and
makeup
(戏服和化妆).
For
instance,
Lloyd
Webber
53
some
of
the
music
because
the
Phantom's
makeup
prevented
the
actor
from
singing
certain
sounds.
When
you
revise,
you
change
aspects
of
your
work
in
54
to
your
evolving
purpose,
or
to
include
55
ideas
or
newly
discovered
information.
Revision
is
not
just
an
afterthought
that
gets
only
as
much
time
as
you
have
at
the
end
of
an
assignment.
56
,
it
is
a
major
stage
of
the
writing
process,
and
writers
revise
every
step
of
the
way.
Even
your
decision
to
57
.
topics
while
prewriting
is
a
type
of
revising.
However.
don't
make
the
mistake
of
skipping
the
revision
stage
that
follows
58
.
Always
make
time
to
become
your
own
59
and
view
your
dress
rehearsal,
so
to
speak.
Reviewing
your
work
in
this
way
can
give
you
60
new
ideas.
Revising
involves
61
the
effectiveness
and
appropriateness
of
all
aspects
of
your
writing,
making
your
purpose
more
clearly,
and
refocusing
or
developing
the
facts
and
ideas
you
present.
When
you
revise,
ask
yourself
the
following
questions,
keeping
in
mind
the
audience
for
whom
you
are
writing:
Is
my
main
idea
or
purpose
62
throughout
my
draft?
Do
I
ever
lose
sight
of
my
purpose?
Have
I
given
my
readers
all
of
the
63
that
is,
facts,
opinions,
inferences
--
that
they
need
in
order
to
understand
my
main
idea?
Finally,
have
I
included
too
many
64
details
that
may
confuse
readers?
50.
A.
technique
B.
style
C.
process
D.
career
51.
A.
in
particular
B.
as
a
result
C.
for
example
D.
in
other
words
52.
A.
undergone
B.
skipped
C.
rejected
D.
replaced
53.
A.
rewrote
B.
released
C.
recorded
D.
reserved
54.
A.
addition
B.
response
C.
opposition
D.
contrast
55.
A.
fixed
B.
ambitious
C.
familiar
D.
fresh
56.
A.
However
B.
Moreover
C.
Instead
D.
Therefore
57.
A.
discuss
B.
switch
C.
exhaust
D.
cover
58.
A.
drafting
B.
rearranging
C.
performing
D.
training
59.
A.
director
B.
master
C.
audience
D.
visitor
60.
A.
personal
B.
valuable
C.
basic
D.
delicate
61.
A.
mixing
B.
weakening
C.
maintaining
D.
assessing
62.
A.
amazing
B.
bright
C.
unique
D.
clear
63.
A.
angles
B.
evidence
C.
information
D.
hints
64.
A.
unnecessary
B.
uninteresting
C.
concrete
D.
final
答案及解析：
50.答案：C
解析：参照下文的“Andrew
Lloyd
Webber's
musical
Phantom
of
the
Opera
underwent
such
a
process.”和“However.
don't
make
the
mistake
of
skipping
the
revision
stage”。名词technique（技术）、style（风格）、career（事业、生涯）都不符题意。本题难度适中。
51.答案：D
解析：前面adding,
deleting,
replacing,
reordering都是revising的方面，所以revising和这些名词同义；介词短语in
other
words表示“换句话说”。介词短语in
particular（尤其、特别表强调）、as
a
result（因此，表结果）、for
example（例如，表举例说明）都不符题意。本题难度适中。
52.答案：A
解析：动词skip（跳远）、reject（拒绝、抵制）replace（取代）都不符题意。人们观看的是完美的表演，但表演之前作品经历了（undergo）多次修改，与上段的“Andrew
Lloyd
Webber's
musical
Phantom
of
the
Opera
underwent
such
a
process.”对应。本题难度适中。
53.答案：A
解析：动词release（释放、赦免、发行）、record（记录、录音）、reserve（保留、预订）都不符题意。动词rewrite表示“重写、修改”，与动词revise同义，与本篇文话题相关。本题难度适中。
54.答案：B
解析：介词短语in
addition
to表示“而且、除…之外还有”，in
opposition
to表示“与...的意见相反”，in
contrast
to表示“与...形成对比”，都与本题不符。in
response
to（作为对┄的反应）在本句表示“你修改作品是对你想改进作品目的的一种回应”本题难。
55.答案：D
解析：fresh
ideas
与后面的newly
discovered
information对应。本题难度适中。
56.答案：B
解析：副词Moreover类似与but
also表递进含义，与前面句not
just（only）呼应。副词However（然而，表转折关系）、Instead（作为替代、反而，表相反含义）、Therefore（因此，表原因）都不符题意。
57.答案：B
解析：switch
topics（变换标题）属于修改作品的一部分。动词discuss（讨论）、exhaust（汲干、使筋疲力尽）、cover（覆盖、包含）都不符题意。本题难度适中。
58.答案：D
解析：名词drafting（起草）、rearranging（重新安排）、performing（表演）都与题意不符。名词training.（培训）在本句表示“排练”，与上文dress
rehearsals
/
tryouts同义。本题难。
59.答案：C
解析：名词audience（观众）与下句view
your
dress
rehearsal对应。名词director（导演）、master（主人、大师）、visitor（来访者）都与题意不符。本题难度适中。
60.答案：B
解析：形容词valuable表示“做自己作品的观众能给你有价值的新信息”。形容词personal（个人的）、basic（基本的）、delicate（娇贵的、纤弱的、精美的）都与题意不符。本题难度适中。
61.答案：A
解析：动词mix在本句表示“修改就是把作品所有方面的有效性和适当性融合在一起”。本题难。
62.答案：D
解析：形容词clear在本句表示“我的文章大意或写作意图是否清晰”，与下文confuse
readers对应。形容词amazing（令人惊讶的）、bright（明亮的、聪明的）、unique（独特的）与题意不符。本题难度适中。
63.答案：C
解析：后句名称facts、opinions、inferences都属于information，与上句newly
discovered
information对应。本题难度适中。
64.答案：A
解析：形容词unnecessary
details表示“多余的信息”反而使读者困惑、误导读者。
形容词uninteresting（单调的、乏味的）、concrete（具体的）、final（最终的、决定性的）都与题意不符。本题难。
（4）
Most
people
believe
they
don’t
have
much
imagination.
They
are
__50__.
Everyone
has
imagination,
but
most
of
us,
once
we
become
adults,
forget
how
to
__51__
it.
Creativity
isn’t
always
__52__
with
great
works
of
art
or
ideas.
People
at
work
and
in
their
free
time
__53__
think
of
creative
ways
to
solve
problems.
Maybe
you
have
a
goal
to
achieve,
a
tricky
question
to
answer
or
you
just
want
to
expand
your
mind!
Here
are
three
techniques
to
help
you
Making
connections
This
technique
involves
taking
__54__
ideas
and
trying
to
find
links
between
them.
First,
think
about
the
problem
you
have
to
solve
or
the
job
you
need
to
do.
Then
find
an
image,
word,
idea
or
object,
for
example,
a
candle.
Write
down
all
the
ideas/words
__55__
with
candles:
light,
fire,
matches,
wax,
night,
silence,
etc.
Think
of
as
many
as
you
can.
The
next
stage
is
to
relate
the
__56__
to
the
job
you
have
to
do.
So
imagine
you
want
to
buy
a
friend
an
original
__57__;
you
could
buy
him
tickets
to
a
match
or
take
him
out
for
the
night
No
limits!
Imagine
that
normal
limitations
don’t
__58__.
You
have
as
much
time/space/money,
etc.
as
you
want.
Think
about
your
goal
and
the
new
__59__.
If
your
goal
is
to
learn
to
ski,
__60__,
you
can
now
practice
skiing
every
day
of
your
life
(because
you
have
the
time
and
the
money).
Now
__61__
this
to
reality.
Maybe
you
can
practice
skiing
every
day
in
December,
or
every
Monday
in
January.
Be
someone
else!
Look
at
the
situation
from
a
__62__
point
of
view.
Good
businessmen
use
this
technique
in
trade,
and
so
do
writers.
Fiction
writers
often
imagine
they
are
the
__63__
in
their
books.
They
ask
questions:
What
does
this
character
want?
Why
can’t
she
get
it?
What
changes
must
she
make
to
get
what
she
wants?
If
your
goal
involves
other
people,
put
yourself
in
their
__64__.
The
best
fishermen
think
like
fish!
50.
A.
wrong
B.
unbelievable
C.
reasonable
D.
realistic
51.
A.
put
up
with
B.
catch
up
with
C.
make
use
of
D.
keep
track
of
52.
A.
equipped
B.
compared
C.
covered
D.
connected
53.
A.
skillfully
B.
routinely
C.
vividly
D.
deeply
54.
A.
familiar
B.
unrelated
C.
creative
D.
imaginary
55.
A.
presented
B.
marked
C.
lit
D.
associated
56.
A.
ideas
B.
ambitious
C.
achievement
D.
technique
57.
A.
experience
B.
service
C.
present
D.
object
58.
A.
work
B.
last
C.
exist
D.
change
59.
A.
possibilities
B.
limitations
C.
tendency
D.
practice
60.
A.
in
fact
B.
in
particular
C.
as
a
whole
D.
for
example
61
A.
devote
B.
adapt
C.
lead
D.
keep
62.
A.
private
B.
global
C.
different
D.
practical
63.
A.
features
B.
themes
C.
creatures
D.
characters
64
A.
positions
B.
dreams
C.
images
D.
directions
答案及解析：
50.【答案】A
【解析】从文章的前三句话即可顺利选出答案。选项的译文：A.错误的B.不可信的、难以置信的C.合情合理的D.现实的
51.【答案】C
【解析】解决这道试题的关键在于弄明白句子：forget
how
to
51
it.中的代词it的代指对象，结合上文可知代替imagination。选项的译文：A.容忍B.赶上C.利用D.跟踪
52.【答案】D
【解析】所给的四个答案均可以和介词with搭配构成固定短语，但是意思完全不相同，只要能记住意思即可选出答案。选项的译文：A.配备B.比较C.覆盖D.联系
53.
答案】B
【解析】直接从句子的结构中可以看出需要的副词应该是routinely。选项的译文：A.技巧娴熟地B.惯常地C.生动地D.深深地
54.【答案】B
【解析】首先应该明白所给的四个答案的意思分别是什么；还要结合上下语境，尤其是绿色的句子，由此可以晓得答案。选项的译文：A.熟悉的B.无关的、不相干的C.创造性的D.想象的
55.
【答案】D
【解析】结合具体语境
55
with
candles:
light,
fire,
matches,
wax,
night,
silence,
etc.可知叙述的都是和上文举得例子：for
example,
a
candle.
相关的内容，另外所选答案还要能够和介词：with连用，故此可知答案。选项的译文：A.呈现、提出B.标志、标记C.点燃D.相关的
56.
【答案】A
【解析】由上文：Write
down
all
the
idea/words以及选项所在的句子可以确定答案的选择方向：符合语境，照顾上下文。A.主意、想法B.野心、雄心C.成就D.技巧
57.
【答案】C
【解析】由语境：So
imagine
you
want
to
buy
a
friend
an
original
57
;
you
could
buy
him
tickets
to
match
or
take
him
out
for
the
night.
尤其是红体字可知多选答案应该能够充当动词：buy的宾语，再结合所给答案可知选present最佳。选项的译文：A.经历、经验B.服务C.礼物D.物体、实物
58【答案】C
【解析】由本段的开头一句话：NO
limits!
可知本段的中心应该围绕该话题展开的，同时可以参看所给答案来选择。选项的译文：A.工作、凑效B.持续、延续C.存在D.改变
59.【答案】A
【解析】结合具体语境：Think
about
your
goal
and
the
new
59
.以及句子中的and可知选项应该和your
goal并列，选项的译文：A.可能性、发展前途B.限度、限制C.趋势D.练习、惯常做法
60.
【答案】D
【解析】答此类试题的关键在于所给答案的意思应该做到心中明了，这就要求我们要加强平时的记忆。选项的译文：A.事实上B.尤其C.总的来说D.例如
61.【答案】B
【解析】结合具体语境：Now
61
this
to
reality.
尤其是介词to可知：该题答案应该能够和介词to搭配，下一步就是意思的区别了。选项的译文：A.奉献B.使…适应C.导致D.保持
62.【答案】C
【解析】此题的测试方法和上面的第58题如出一辙，只要用心都会注意到该段的开头一句话：Be
someone
else!
充当的作用：总领该段。故此选答案时应该照顾上下文。选项的译文：A.私人、个人德B.全球的C.不同的D.切实可行的
63.【答案】D
【解析】由具体语境：
Fiction
writers
often
imagine
they
are
the
63
in
their
books.
可知答案的选择方向。选项的译文：A.特色B.主体C.生物D.特点、特征、人物、角色。
64.【答案】A
【解析】由具体语境:If
your
goal
involves
other
people,
put
yourself
in
their
64
.
中的关键词：yourself和their可以称为题眼，也就是解答此题的切入点。选项的译文：A.位置B.梦想C.形象D.方向
(1)
Directions:
For
each
blank
in
the
following
passage
there
are
four
words
or
phrases
marked
A,
B,
C
and
D.
Fill
in
each
blank
with
the
word
or
phrase
that
best
fits
the
context.
Scientists
in
Norway
have
more
good
news
for
coffee
drinkers.Researchers
have
already
found
evidence
that
the
drink
or
the
beans
can
help
with
weight
loss,_1_one's
risk
of
developing
some
diseases,promote
muscle
growth,
protect
against
certain
types
of
cancers
and
can
even
reduce
one's
risk
of
premature
death,among
many
other_2_.
Now
comes
word
that
a
cup
of_3_reduces
physical
pain.
The
surprising
finding
is_4_a
study
involving
48
volunteers
who
agreed
to
spend
90
minutes
performing
fake
computer
tasks
meant
to
finish
office
work.The
tasks
were
known
to
_5_
pain
in
the
shoulders,
neck,
forearms,
and
wrists.
The
researchers
wanted
to
_6_
how
people
with
pain
and
those
who
were
pain-free
tolerated
the
pain
of
such
tasks.
As
a
matter
of
convenience,
the
scientists
allowed
people
to
drink
coffee
before
taking
the
test
‘to
avoid_7_effects
of
caffeine
lack,e.g.decreased
vigor
and
alertness,sleepiness,and
exhaustion.’
they
reported.
When
it
came
time
to
analyze
the
data
the
researchers
from
Norway's
National
Institute
of
Occupational
Health
and
Oslo
University
Hospital
noticed
that
the
the
19
people
who
drank
coffee
reported
a
lower_8_of
pain
than
the
29
people
who
didn't.In
the
shoulders
and
neck,_9_,the
average
pain
was
rated
41
(on
a
100-point
scale)
among
the
coffee
drinkers
and
55
for
the
non-coffee
drinkers.Similar
gaps
were
found
for
all
pain
sites
measured,and
coffee's
apparent
pain-reducation
effect_10_.
However,the
authors
of
the
study,which
was
published
this
week
in
the
journal
BMC
Research
Notes,warn
that
the
results
of
the
study
come
with
many_11_.For
starters,the
researchers
don't
know
how
much
coffee
the
coffee
drinkers
consumed
before
taking
the
computer
task._12_,they
doubt
whether
the
coffee
drinkers
and
non-coffee
drinkers
were_13_in
all
respects
expect
for
their
coffee
consumption.Problems
like
these
tend
to_14_the
importance
of
the
findings.But
those
doubts
are_15_to
trouble
the
coffee
drinkers
looking
for
any
reason
not
to
cut
back
on
their
daily
caffeine
habit.
1.A.take
B.reduce
C.increase
D.face
2.A.profits
B.advices
C.benefits
D.promotions
3.A.milk
B.water
C.coke
D.coffee
4.A.based
on
B.fond
of
C.different
from
D.qualified
for
5.A.cause
B.endure
C.ease
D.relieve
6.A.warm
B.compare
C.cure
D.treat
7.A.unpleasant
B.modest
C.significant
D.positive
8.A.tendency
B.intention
C.intensity
D.extension
9.A.on
the
contrary
B.as
a
result
C.for
instance
D.in
one
word
10.A.turned
up
B.took
up
C.put
up
D.gave
up
11.A.
quantities
B.uncertainties
C.consequences
D.qualifications
12.A.Moreover
B.However
C.Otherwise
D.Nevertheless
13.A.contemporary
B.similar
C.different
D.initial
14.
A.realize
B.attach
C.demonstrate
D.weaken
15.A.unlikely
B.sensible
C.jealous
D.miserable
1~5.
BCDAA
6~10.
BACCA
11~15.
BABDA
(2)
Directions:
For
each
blank
in
the
following
passage
there
are
four
words
or
phrases
marked
A,
B,
C
and
D.
Fill
in
each
blank
with
the
word
or
phrase
that
best
fits
the
context.
Are
you
a
graduate
trying
to
plan
out
the
best
career
path
for
yourself?
Here,
some
tips
are
given
on
how
to
go
about
it.
A
university
degree
is
no
__1__
of
a
job,
and
job
hunting
in
itself
requires
a
whole
set
of
skills.
If
you
find
you
are
not
getting
past
the
first
interview,
ask
yourself
what
is
happening.
Is
it
a(n)
__2__
to
communicate
or
are
there
some
skills
you
lack?
And
find
out
what
you
need
to
do
to
bring
yourself
up
to
the
level
of
__3__
that
would
make
you
more
attractive
to
them.
Do
not
be
too
discouraged
if
you
are
__4__
for
a
job,
but
think
about
the
reasons
the
employers
give.
Those
who
made
the
second
interview
might
have
been
studying
the
same
subject
as
you
and
be
of
__5__
ability
level,
but
they
had
something
which
made
them
a
__6__
match
to
the
selector’s
ideal.
That
could
be
experience
gained
through
projects
or
vacation
work,
or
it
might
be
that
they
were
better
at
communicating
what
they
could
offer.
Do
not
take
the
comments
at
__7__value:
think
back
to
the
interviews
that
generated
them
and
make
a
list
of
where
you
think
the
shortfall
in
your
performance
lies.
With
this
sort
of
analytical
approach
you
will
eventually
get
your
foot
in
the
door.
Deciding
how
long
you
should
stay
in
your
first
job
is
a
tough
call.
Stay
too
long
and
future
employers
may
question
your
__8__
and
ambition.
Of
course,
it
depends
on
where
you
are
aiming.
If
you
are
a
graduate,
spending
five
or
six
years
in
the
same
job
is
not
too
long
provided
that
you
take
full
advantage
of
the
__9__.
However,
do
not
use
this
as
a(n)
__10__
for
lacking
interest
or
enthusiasm.
Graduates
sometimes
fail
to
take
ownership
of
their
careers
and
take
the
initiative.
It
is
up
to
you
to
make
the
most
of
what’s
available
within
a
company,
and
to
monitor
your
progress
in
case
you
need
to
__11__.
This
applies
particularly
if
you
are
still
not
sure
where
your
career
path
lies.
It
is
helpful
to
think
through
what
kind
of
experience
you
need
to
get
your
__12__
job
and
it
is
not
a
problem
to
move
around
to
a
certain
extent.
But
in
the
__13__
stages
of
your
career
you
need
a
definite
strategy
for
reaching
your
goal,
so
think
about
that
carefully
before
deciding
to
step
forward
from
your
first
job.
You
must
cultivate
__14__
to
be
competent
for
any
role.
You
are
not
sure
whether
you
will
get
adequate
training,
and
research
has
shown
that
if
you
do
not
receive
proper
help
in
a
new
role,
it
can
take
18
months
to
__15__
it.
1.
A.
input
B.
cause
C.
guarantee
D.
preparation
2.
A.
failure
B.
key
C.
introduction
D.
contribution
3.
A.
highlight
B.
comment
C.
fluency
D.
qualification
4.
A.
asked
B.
refused
C.
headed
D.
helped
5.
A.
different
B.
high
C.
similar
D.
low
6.
A.
closer
B.
better
C.
stronger
D.
poorer
7.
A.
depth
B.
face
C.
data
D.
test
8.
A.
character
B.
personality
C.
behavior
D.
drive
9.
A.
knowledge
B.
experience
C.
skill
D.
loyalty
10.
A.
substitute
B.
equivalent
C.
excuse
D.
requirement
11.
A.
pass
by
B.
switch
on
C.
move
on
D.
stick
to
12.
A.
part-time
B.
dream
C.
secure
D.
well-paid
13.
A.
critical
B.
last
C.
middle
D.
early
14.
A.
patience
B.
love
C.
habits
D.
friendship
15.
A.
know
B.
prohibit
C.
master
D.
select
1-5.
CADBC
6~10.
ABDBC
11~15.
CBDAC
(3)
Directions:
For
each
blank
in
the
following
passage
there
are
four
words
or
phrases
marked
A,
B,
C
and
D.
Fill
in
each
blank
with
the
word
or
phrase
that
best
fits
the
context.
Women,
I
have
always
felt,
are
the
backbone
of
the
world.
Only
they
have
the
1
and
means
to
bring
the
miracle
of
life
to
Earth.
Throughout
history,
they
have
been
the
caretakers
and
nurturers.
Women
work
alongside
men
in
the
fields,
in
the
factories,
in
the
offices
and
then
_____2
home—not
to
put
their
feet
up
in
front
of
the
television
like
their
husbands,
but
to
set
dinner
on
the
table
and
3
their
families.
There
is
nothing
women
cannot
4
.
I
won’t
debate
that
women
are
superior
to
men
or
inferior
to
men.
I’ll
simple
say
that
to
be
a
woman
is
one
of
the
greatest
honors
that
can
be
accorded
to
a
person.
To
be
a
woman
is
to
be
blessed
with
the
natural
5
,
understanding,
and
supernatural
love
of
a
mother.
To
be
a
woman
is
to
be
simultaneously
strong
and
soft
in
body.
To
be
a
woman
is
to
have
the
possibility
of
being
6
.
There
is
nothing
women
cannot
deal
with.
Women
today
need
to
realize
that.
Especially
in
today’s
world
societies
where
women
7
receive
equal
rights
as
men,
women
need
only
to
make
the
most
of
their
talents
and
assets
in
order
to
get
what
they
want.
And
if
they
set
their
minds
on
something
and
fully
strive
for
it,
the
sky
is
the
8
.
Women
were
born
tailored
for
9
.
It
doesn’t
matter
what
a
woman’s
particular
talent
is.
If
she
is
skilled
with
a
pencil
and
paper,
she
can
become
a
famous
author
or
a
successful
journalist.
If
she
is
handy
with
math,
she
can
become
the
CEO
of
a
big
investment
company.
If
she
has
a
flair
for
drama,
she
can
become
the
next
Gong
Li.
If
she
has
a
knack
for
chemicals
and
equations,
she
can
discover
a
10
for
cancer.
If
her
best
asset
is
her
friendly
personality,
she
can
become
a
popular
talk
show
host.
If
she
is
simply
very
11
,
she
can
be
the
new
cover
model
of
Vogue.
All
very
different
scenarios,
but
all
success.
Every
women
was
born
tailored
for
accomplishment,
no
matter
their
talents
are
12
,
the
talent
isn’t
even
visible—but
it’s
definitely
there.
Women
must
simply
remember
that
they
are
capable
forces
to
be
reckoned
with
and
that
they
have
a
right
to
participate
in
the
activities
of
the
world.
They
must
be
forceful,
determined,
and
assertive.
They
cannot
shy
back
and
accept
the
minor
jobs
that
men
don’t
13
and
leave
for
them.
If
women
want
to
be
kindergarten
teachers,
that’s
wonderful.
Kindergarten
teachers
are
important
and
14
members
of
the
community.
If
women
want
to
stay
at
home
and
simply
mothers,
that’s
fantastic.
Being
a
mother
is
one
of
the
hardest
careers
in
the
world.
15
it
is
vital
that
they
understand
that
they
are
not
limited
to
these
options.
As
long
as
women
are
aware
that
anything
is
theirs
for
the
taking,
there
should
be
no
stopping
them.
1.
A.
brain
B.
strength
C.
honor
D.
heart
2.
A.
build
B.
leave
C.
return
D.
own
3.
A.
take
care
of
B.
look
down
upon
C.
put
up
with
D.
make
use
of
4.
A.
think
B.
learn
C.
provide
D.do
5.
A.
sensitivity
B.
attention
C.
sympathy
D.
patience
6.
A.
nothing
B.
something
C.
anything
D.
everything
7.
A.
increasingly
B.
generally
C.
admittedly
D.
inevitably
8.
A.
edge
B.
limit
C.
obstacle
D.
stage
9.
A.
fashion
B.
bravery
C.
love
D.
success
10.
A.
way
B.
key
C.
secret
D.
cure
11.
A.
pretty
B.
tall
C.
confident
D.
special
12.
A.
However
B.
Besides
C.
Sometimes
D.
Furthermore
13.
A.
want
B.
ignore
C.
fit
D.
create
14.
A.
unapproachable
B.
incomprehensible
C.
irreplaceable
D.
inaccessible
15.
A.
So
B.
But
C.
For
D.
As
答案：1~5
BCADA
6~10
CBBDD
11~15
ACACB
(4)
Directions:
For
each
blank
in
the
following
passage
there
are
four
words
or
phrases
marked
A,
B,
C
and
D.
Fill
in
each
blank
with
the
word
or
phrase
that
best
fits
the
context.
For
many
people
today,
reading
is
no
longer
relaxation.
To
keep
up
their
work
they
must
read
letters,
reports,
trade
publications,
interoffice
communications,
not
to
mention
newspapers
and
magazines;
a
never-ending
flood
of
words.
In
getting
a
job
advancing,
the
ability
to
read
and
comprehend
__1__
can
mean
the
difference
between
success
and
failure.
Yet
the
unfortunate
fact
is
that
most
of
us
are
__2__
readers.
Most
of
us
develop
poor
reading
habits
at
an
early
age,
and
never
__3__
them.
The
main
shortage
lies
in
the
actual
stuff
of
language
itself
–
words.
Taken
individually,
words
have
little__4__
until
they
are
strung
together
into
phrases,
sentences
and
paragraphs.
Unfortunately,
__5__,
the
untrained
reader
does
not
read
groups
of
words.
He
laboriously
read
one
word
at
a
time,
often
regressing
to
__6__
words
or
passages.
Regression,
the
tendency
to
look
back
over
what
you
have
just
read,
is
a
common
__7__
habit
in
reading.
Another
bad
habit
which
__8__
the
speed
of
reading
is
vocalization
–
sounding
each
word
either
__9__
or
mentally
as
one
reads.
To
overcome
these
bad
habits,
some
reading
clinics
use
a
device
called
an
accelerator,
which
moves
a
bar
(or
curtain)
down
the
page
at
a
predetermined
speed.
The
bar
is
set
a
slightly
__10__
rate
than
the
reader
finds
comfortable,
in
order
to
“__11__”
him.
The
accelerator
forces
the
reader
to
read
fast,
making
word-by-word
reading,
regression
and
sub-vocalization,
practically
__12__.
At
first
comprehension
is
__13__
speed.
But
when
you
learn
to
read
ideas
and
concepts,
you
will
not
only
read
faster,
but
your
comprehension
will
improve.
Many
people
have
found
their
reading
skill
__14__
improved
after
some
training.
Take
Charles
Au,
a
business
manager,
for
instance,
his
reading
rate
was
a
reasonably
good
172
words
a
minute
before
the
training,
now
it
is
an
excellent
1,378
words
a
minute.
He
is
delighted
that
now
he
can
go
through
a
lot
more
reading
material
in
a(n)
__15__
period
of
time.
1.
A.
quickly
B.
silently
C.
thoroughly
D.
vaguely
2.
A.
casual
B.
curious
C.
efficient
D.
poor
3.
A.
acquire
B.
cultivate
C.
kick
D.
practice
4.
A.
formation
B.
meaning
C.
pronunciation
D.
transformation
5.
A.
however
B.
moreover
C.
somehow
D.
therefore
6.
A.
recite
B.
reread
C.
reuse
D.
rewrite
7.
A.
horrible
B.
incurable
C.
social
D.
viewing
8.
A.
achieves
B.
gains
C.
measures
D.
reduces
9.
A.
orally
B.
physically
C.
quietly
D.
repeatedly
10.
A.
better
B.
faster
C.
lower
D.
steadier
11.
A.
distract
B.
embarrass
C.
interest
D.
stretch
12.
A.
demanding
B.
impossible
C.
reasonable
D.
useful
13.
A.
applied
to
B.
matched
with
C.
sacrificed
for
D.
substituted
for
14.
A.
dramatically
B.
hardly
C.
slightly
D.
subconsciously
15.
A.
indefinite
B.
lengthy
C.
limited
D.
set
答案：1-5.
ADCBA
6-10
.
BADAB
11-15.
DBCAC
21世纪教育网
www.21cnjy.com
精品试卷·第
2
页
（共
2
页）
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
(
全新解读高考完形填空
)
一、题型介绍
完形填空不仅考查学生对所学词汇、语法等基础知识的综合运用能力，而且考查学生的阅读能力；不仅考查学生的知识背景，而且考查学生的逻辑推理和篇章结构理解等综合能力。它的命题原则是“以实词为主，虚词为辅，突出词汇语境化”。
三、设题焦点
上下文直接信息题
词、句、文三结合理解题
词义辨析题
语法知识和固定短语考查题
行文逻辑和全文中心把握题
三、解题关键
1.
抓主题，寻信息
2.
觅逻辑，找搭配
3.
辨词义，破难题
四、解题技巧
五大方法速判句内层次题
解题信息分布在本句内，在读懂文章的前提下，利用本句的一些解题信息就可直接做答。对于此类题目，可边读边填，将原文信息尽量复原。
利用习惯搭配及固定结构解题
完形填空中经常会考查一些固定结构、固定句式，这时就需要运用习惯搭配及固定结构来解题。这个技巧主要指惯用搭配，讲究词与词的搭配，涉及到关联词、动词、副词、形容词、名词和短语等。
[示例] I
then
made
it
a
point
to
__55__
those
meetings
and
learn
all
I
could.
A．chair B．sponsor
C．attend
D．organize
[示例] 23.
Influenced
by
her
story，I
created
the
As
We
Heal(痊愈)，the
World
Heals
24.
project.
My
goal
was
to
lose
150
pounds
in
one
year
and
raise
50,000
25
.
in
support
of
a
movement
founded
30
years
ago
to
end
hunger.This
combination
of
healing
myself
and
healing
the
world
26
me
as
the
perfect
solution.
26.
A.scared
B.considered
C.confused
D.struck
利用生活常识和文化背景解题
完形填空的语篇中往往渗透着诸如文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。在做题时，若能积极地调动自己的文化背景知识和生活常识，巧妙地加以运用，特别是注意中西文化的差异，将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程，节省宝贵的时间，顺利地沿作者的思路阅读下去。
[示例] Just
last
year,
I
was
56.conducting
a
workshop
when
someone
knocked
at
the
classroom
door.
A
woman
__57__
the
interruption
and
handed
me
an
envelope.
57．A.regretted
B．avoided
C．excused
D．ignored
[示例]They
told
her
to
stay
52
until
the
emergency
personnel
arrived
...
she
thought
the
car
was
going
to
54
.
52.
A.
quiet
B.
still
C.
away
D.
calm
54.
A.
explode
B.
slip
away
C.
fall
apart
D.
crash
3．利用对应成分分析法解题
完形填空文章的上下文之间以及句子内部之间往往有着一定的逻辑关系，它使句子的各个成分之间形成一定的对应关系。考生可以根据这种逻辑关系找出与未知填空相对应的已知成分，将它作为线索，通过它推断出未知填空的答案。
[示例]To
__51__
the
amount
of
rubbish
and
to
protect
the
52.environment，more
governments
are
requiring
people
to
recycle
materials.
51．A.show
B．record
C．decrease
D．measure
[解析]
[示例] A
pupil
who
can
do
his
homework
in
a
quiet
and
59
room
is
in
a
much
better
position
than
a
pupil
who
does
his
homework
in
a
small,
noisy
room
with
the
television
on.
A.
furnished
B.
expensive
C.
comfortable
D.
suitable
4.利用逻辑关系解题
此方法是通过分析未知填空前后文与已知信息之间的逻辑关系来确定答案，主要应用于完形填空的两类题型：一是考查连接词和起连接词作用的短语，二是考查上下文的逻辑关系。
[示例] We
went
10?1
and
I
was
named
most
valuable
player,
__28__I
often
had
crazy
dreams
in
which
I
was
to
blame
for
Miller’s
29.accident．
28．A.and
B．then
C．but
D．thus
[示例]...
got
me
rock-bottom
prices
on
airfares,
cars,
and
hotels.
But
her
cold
voice
really
28
me.
28.
A.
annoyed
B.
interested
C.
discouraged
D.
confused
利用语境暗示分析法解题
上下文语境具体体现为：全文的中心主线和主题、作者的态度倾向和评价、上下文语篇衔接、句际和段际关系。在句内层次中，我们通常可以通过上下文语境，即根据已知信息，推导出正确答案。
[示例] The
38.trip
is
scheduled
to
start
on
December
21
in
New
York
City
and
continue
on
to
Milan,
Prague,
Paris,
Bangkok
and
New
Delhi
before
__39__
in
Toronto
on
January
8.
39．A.ending
B．calling
C．repeating
D．staying
[解析]
四种方法智取句组层次题
比句内层次题稍难一级的题目，其解题信息分布在空格前后的一组意群之中，解题时需前瞻后顾，综合意群信息解答。即：本句信息不足填，空格前后再找信息源。
1．利用语义复现解题
复现是一种语义衔接手段，它通过原词、同义词或近义词、反义词、上义词、下义词、同源词或同根词等重复出现来表达某一概念，使整篇文章上下连贯，有机地衔接在一起。因此，考生可根据文章的具体情况，理解文章的结构和语境，利用文章中的复现现象来选择正确的答案。
[示例] While
high
school
does
not
generally
encourage
students
to
explore
new
aspects
of
life，college
sets
the
stage
for
that
exploration.
I
myself
went
through
this
__41__
process
and
found
something
that
has
changed
my
42.experience
at
college
for
the
better：I
discovered
ASL—American
Sign
Language(美式手语)．
41．A.searching
B．planning
C．natural
D．formal
[解析]
[示例] This
is
what
happens
on
long
submarine（潜水艇）
voyages.
It
will
also
happen
on
47
space
flights
in
the
future.
Will
there
be
special
problems
of
adjustment
under
such
conditions?
47．A.long
B.fast
C.dangerous
D.direct
【解析】
[示例] Many
firms
already
claim
to
be
“customer-driven”
or
“consumer-centered”.
Now
their
62
will
be
tested
as
never
before.
62.A.
information
B.
investment
C.
claims
D.
shops
【解析】
利用作者态度或感彩关联解题
在完形填空文章中，我们一定要在快速阅读文章的过程中，仔细找出能够反映作者态度和感彩的重要词汇，它们往往是名词、形容词、副词或动词。这些词汇通常是我们做题时重要的参照线索，可以帮助我们快速确定某些题目的正确答案或根据作者对人物或事情的褒贬性排除干扰做出正确的选择。
[示例] Hannah
Taylor
is
a
schoolgirl
from
Manitoba，Canada.One
day,
when
she
was
five
years
old，she
was
walking
with
her
mother
in
downtown
Winnipeg.They
saw
a
man
36.eating
out
of
a
garbage
can.She
asked
her
mother
why
he
did
that,
and
her
mother
said
that
the
man
was
homeless
and
hungry.Hannah
was
very
__37__.
She
couldn’t
understand
why
some
people
had
to
live
their
lives
without
shelter
or
enough
food.
A.annoyed
B．nervous
C．ashamed
D．upset
[解析]
[示例] When
men
are
49(held
up)
together
for
a
long
period,
they
begin
to
feel
uneasy.
Everyone
has
little
habits
of
speaking
and
behaving
that
are
ordinarily
acceptable.
In
the
limited
space
over
a
long
period
of
time,
however,
these
little
habits
may
become
very
50
.
50．A．pleasing
B．annoying
C．common
D．valuable
【解析】
3．利用逻辑关系解题
在句组层次题中，利用逻辑关系解题同样是一种重要的方法。完形填空中的每一个空格并非孤立存在的，命题者必须通过上下文体现出某种线索来保证空格所填答案的唯一性，而这一线索即是上下文乃至贯穿全文的逻辑关系，若在解题时忽视这一点，则无异于只见树木，不见森林。文章的逻辑关系不外乎有列举、因果、让步、对照、递进、目的、条件等，命题者往往借助于连词或介词短语来设置选项，因此在平时学习时就应该分清并牢记相关连词及介词短语所表示的逻辑关系。
[示例]
Are
your
table
manners
much
better
when
you
are
eating
at
a
friend’s
home
or
in
a
restaurant
than
they
are
at
your
own
home?
Probably
so,
45
you
are
aware
that
people
judge
you
by
your
table
manners.
45.
A.
because
B.
but
C.
unless
D.
though
【解析】
[示例] As
a
French
graduate
who
has
taught
for
more
than
twenty-five
years,
I
believe
I
have
some
idea
of
why
the
failure
is
so
total.
55
the
faults
already
found
out
in
the
education
system
as
a
whole
—
such
as
child-centered
learning,
the
“discovery”
method,
and
the
low
expectations
by
teachers
of
pupils
—
there
have
been
several
serious
56
which
have
a
direct
effect
on
language
teaching.
55.
A.
Due
to
B.
In
addition
to
C.
Instead
of
D.
In
spite
of
【解析】
4．利用语境暗示分析法解题
在句组层次中，有些题目我们往往也需要通过上下文语境，即根据已知信息，推导出正确答案。
[示例] 43.As
he
got
closer,
he
found
44.another
vehicle
upside
down
on
the
road.
One
more
look
and
he
noticed
__45__
shooting
out
from
under
the
46.disabled
vehicle.
Larry
pulled
over,
set
the
brake
and
47.got
hold
of
the
fire
extinguisher(灭火器).
Two
good
bursts
from
the
extinguisher
and
the
fire
was
put
out.
45．A.flames
B．smoke
C．water
D．steam
[解析]
[示例] During
the
war,my
husband
was
stationed
at
an
army
camp
in
a
desert
in
California.I
went
to
live
there......
My
husband
was
ordered
out
on
a
long-term
duty,and
I
was
left
in
a
tiny
shack(棚屋)
alone......
24
a
soul
to
talk
to
.
The
wind
blew
non-stop
,and
all
the
food
I
ate
,and
the
evry
air
I
breathed,were
25
with
sand
,
sand
,
sand
!
24.
A.
Only
B.
Not
C.
Many
D.Such
【解析】
三种方法突破语篇层次题
语篇层次题要求考生理解整篇文章，抓住全文的脉络、作者的思想、意图或主人公的心理，然后进行准确的推理、判断，从而做出正确的选择。这类题难度较大，一篇完形填空中，大约有2～3道此类题。
不急于解答，读完全文后综合思维再做判定。语篇层次题的解答必须立足于整个语篇，因此在解题时对这类题目不能急于解答，要跨越段落，顺藤摸瓜，仔细比对，最终得出答案。具体来说，可以利用以下3种方法解答此类题目。
利用语义复现解题
由于完形填空的文章是一个意义相关联的语篇，它往往要围绕一个话题论述，因此行文中词语的重复、替代或同现的现象是不可避免的，即某一词常常以原词、同义词或近义词以及其它形式重复出现在语篇之中。词汇复现的语用意义使得语篇中的句子相互衔接和连贯，从而构成一个完整和有机的意义整体。根据这一原则，某一个空格所对应的答案很可能就是在上下文中复现的相关词，考生可以这些词之间的有机联系来决定答案。
[示例] In
2012,
I
had
just
recovered
from
a
serious
illness
when
I
received
an
invitation
to
a
writer's
conference
in
Orlando,
Florida.
My
family
persuaded
me
that
a(n)
36
might
be
just
what
the
doctor
ordered,
so
off
I
37
went
.
36.
A.holiday
B.ceremony
C.operation
D.experiment
....
I'
ll
never
forget
that
wonderful
lady
who,
through
her
55
kindness
,
filled
my
brief
holiday
in
Florida
with
wonderful
memories.
[解析]
[示例] Good
manners
at
mealtimes
help
you
and
those
around
you
to
feel
49
.
This
is
true
at
home
as
much
as
it
is
true
in
someone
else’s
home
or
in
a
restaurant.
Good
50
make
meals
more
enjoyable
for
everyone
at
the
table.
50.A.
dishes
B.
manners
C.
atmospheres
D.
friends
【解析】
利用总分结构或对比结构分析法解题
完形填空往往采用总分对照结构，总述是对分述的总结和概括，而分述是对总述的展开和详述，两者之间有着明确的相互支撑、相互印证的对照关系。总分对照结构可以为我们提供重要的解题线索。
对比结构常把两种对立的事物或同一事物的两个不同方面并列出来加以比较或对比。高考完形填空题常常利用句子之间的对比关系或者同一个句子的不同部分之间的对比关系设计题目。对比结构可以为我们提供重要的解题线索。
[示例]
A
pupil
who
can
do
his
homework
in
a
quiet
and
59
room
is
in
a
much
better
position
than
a
pupil
who
does
his
homework
in
a
small,
noisy
room
with
the
television
on.
59.A.
furnished
B.
expensive
C.
comfortable
D.
suitable
【解析】
[示例] He
had
always
been
interested
in
medicine
and
had
read
a
book,
which
discussed
the
idea
of
how
body
chemistry
and
health
can
be
damaged
by
emotional
stress
and
negative
__47__.
The
book
made
Cousins
think
about
the
possible
__48__
of
positive
attitudes
and
emotions.
47.
A.
attitudes
B.
beliefs
C.
goals
D.
positions
48.
A.
shortcoming
B.
harm
C.
benefit
D.
interest
【解析】
利用逻辑关系解题
在语篇层次题中，利用逻辑关系也是一种重要解题方法。完形填空中的每一个空格并非孤立存在的，命题者必须通过上下文体现出某种线索来保证空格所填答案的唯一性，而这一线索即是上下文乃至贯穿全文的逻辑关系，若在解题时忽视这一点，则无异于只见树木，不见森林。文章的逻辑关系不外乎有列举、因果、让步、对照、递进、目的、条件等，命题者往往借助于连词或介词短语来设置选项，因此在平时学习时就应该分清并牢记相关连词及介词短语所表示的逻辑关系。
[示例]
Are
your
table
manners
much
better
when
you
are
eating
at
a
friend’s
home
or
in
a
restaurant
than
they
are
at
your
own
home?
Probably
so,
45
you
are
aware
that
people
judge
you
by
your
table
manners.
45.
A.
because
B.
but
C.
unless
D.
though
【解析】
（1）
Directions:
For
each
blank
in
the
following
passage
there
are
four
words
or
phrases
marked
A,
B,
C
and
D.
Filling
each
blank
with
the
word
or
phrase
that
best
fits
the
context.
People
on
a
college
campus
were
more
likely
to
give
money
to
the
March
of
Dimes
if
they
were
asked
for
a
donation
by
a
disabled
woman
in
a
wheelchair
than
if
asked
by
a
nondisabled
woman.
In
another
50
,
subway
riders
in
New
York
saw
a
man
carrying
a
stick
stumble（绊脚）
and
fall
to
the
floor.
Sometimes
the
victim
had
a
large
red
birthmark
on
his
51
;
sometimes
he
did
not.
In
this
situation,
the
victim
was
more
likely
to
52
aid
if
his
face
was
spotless
than
if
he
had
an
unattractive
birthmark.
In
53
these
and
other
research
findings,
two
themes
are
54
:
we
are
more
willing
to
help
people
we
like
for
some
reason
and
people
we
think
_
55
_
assistance.
In
some
situations,
those
who
are
physically
attractive
are
more
likely
to
receive
aid.
56
,
in
a
field
study
researchers
placed
a
completed
application
to
graduate
school
in
a
telephone
box
at
the
airport.
The
application
was
ready
to
be
57
,
but
had
apparently
been
"lost"
.
The
photo
attached
to
the
application
was
sometimes
that
of
a
very
58
person
and
sometimes
that
of
a
less
attractive
person.
The
measure
of
helping
was
whether
the
individual
who
found
the
envelope
actually
mailed
it
or
not.
Results
showed
that
people
were
more
likely
to
59
the
application
if
the
person
in
the
photo
was
physically
attractive.
The
degree
of
60
between
the
potential
helper
and
the
person
in
need
is
also
important.
For
example,
people
are
more
likely
to
help
a
stranger
who
is
from
the
same
country
rather
than
a
foreigner.
In
one
study,
shoppers
on
a
busy
street
in
Scotland
were
more
likely
to
help
a
person
wearing
a(n)
61
T-shirt
than
a
person
wearing
a
T-shirt
printed
with
offensive
words.
Whether
a
person
receives
help
depends
in
part
on
the
"worth"
of
the
case.
For
example,
shoppers
in
a
supermarket
were
more
likely
to
give
someone.
62
_
to
buy
milk
rather
than
to
buy
cookies,
probably
because
milk
is
thought
more
essential
for
63
than
cookies.
Passengers
on
a
New
York
subway
were
more
likely
to
help
a
man
who
fell
to
the
ground
if
he
appeared
to
be
64
rather
than
drunk.
50.
A.study
B.way
C.word
D.college
51.
A.
hand
B.
arm
C.
face
D.
back
52.
A.refuse
B.beg
C.lose
D.receive
53.
A.
challenging
B.
recording
C.
understanding
D.
publishing
54.
A.important
B.
possible
C.
amusing
D.
missing
55.
A.seek
B.deserve
C.obtain
D.accept
56.
A.
At
first
B.
Above
all
C.
In
addition
D.
For
example
57.
A.printed
B.mailed
C.rewritten
D.signed
58.
A.
talented
B.
good-looking
C.
helpful
D.
hard-working
59.
A.
send
in
B.
throw
away
C.
fill
out
D.
turn
down
60.
A.
similarity
B.
friendship
C.
cooperation
D.
contact
61.
A.expensive
B.plain
C.cheap
D.strange
62.
A.time
B.instructions
C.money
D.chances
63.
A.
shoppers
B.
research
C.
children
D.
health
64.
A.
talkative
B.
handsome
C.
calm
D.
sick
（2）
Directions:
Fill
in
each
blank
with
the
word
or
phrase
that
best
fits
the
context.
Everyone
in
business
has
been
told
that
success
is
all
about
attracting
and
retaining
(留住)
customers.
It
sounds
simple
and
achievable.
But,
50
,
words
of
wisdom
are
soon
forgotten.
Once
companies
have
attracted
customers
they
often
51
the
second
half
of
the
story.
In
the
excitement
of
beating
off
the
competition,
negotiating
prices,
securing
orders,
and
delivering
the
product,
managers
tend
to
become
carried
away.
They
forget
what
they
regard
as
the
boring
side
of
business—
52
that
the
customer
remains
a
customer.
53
to
concentrate
on
retaining
as
well
as
attracting
customers
costs
business
huge
amounts
of
money
annually.
It
has
been
estimated
that
the
average
company
loses
between
10
and
30
per
cent
of
its
customers
every
years.
In
constantly
changing
54
,
this
is
not
surprising.
What
is
surprising
is
the
fact
that
few
companies
have
any
idea
how
many
customers
they
have
lost.
Only
now
are
organizations
beginning
to
wake
up
to
those
lost
opportunities
and
calculate
the
55
implications.
Cutting
down
the
number
of
customers
a
company
loses
can
make
a
big
56
in
its
performance.
Research
in
the
US
found
that
a
five
per
cent
decrease
in
the
number
of
defecting
(流失的)
customers
led
to
57
increases
of
between
25
and
85
per
cent.
In
the
US,
Domino’s
Pizza
estimates
that
a
regular
customer
is
worth
more
than
$5,000
over
ten
years.
A
customer
who
receives
a
poor
quality
product
or
service
on
their
first
visit
and
58
never
returns,
is
losing
the
company
thousands
of
dollars
in
59
profits
(more
if
you
consider
how
many
people
they
are
likely
to
tell
about
their
bad
experience).
The
logic
behind
cultivating
customer
60
is
impossible
to
deny.
“In
practice
most
companies’
marketing
effort
is
focused
on
getting
customers,
with
little
attention
paid
to
61
them”,
says
Adrian
Payne
of
Cornfield
University’
School
of
Management.
“Research
suggests
that
there
is
a
close
relationship
between
retaining
customers
and
making
profits.
62
customers
tend
to
buy
more,
are
predictable
and
usually
cost
less
to
service
than
new
customers.
Furthermore,
they
tend
to
be
less
price
63
,
and
may
provide
free
word-of-mouth
advertising.
Retaining
customers
also
makes
it
64
for
competitors
to
enter
a
market
or
increase
their
share
of
a
market.
A.
in
particular
B.
in
reality
C.
at
least
D.
first
of
all
A.
emphasize
B.
doubt
C.
overlook
D.
believe
A.
denying
B.
ensuring
C.
arguing
D.
proving
A.
Moving
B.
Hoping
C.
Starting
D.
Failing
A.
markets
B.
tastes
C.
prices
D.
expenses
A.
culture
B.
social
C.
financial
D.
economical
A.
promise
B.
plan
C.
mistake
D.
difference
A.
cost
B.
opportunity
C.
profit
D.
budget
A.
as
a
result
B.
on
the
whole
C.
in
conclusion
D.
on
the
contrary
A.
huge
B.
potential
C.
extra
D.
reasonable
A.
beliefs
B.
loyalty
C.
habits
D.
interest
A.
altering
B.
understanding
C.
keeping
D.
attracting
A.
Assumed
B.
Respected
C.
Established
D.
Unexpected
A.
agreeable
B.
flexible
C.
friendly
D.
sensitive
A.
unfair
B.
difficult
C.
essential
D.
convenient
（3）
Directions:
Fill
in
each
blank
with
the
word
or
phrase
that
best
fits
the
context.
The
first
attempt
of
even
the
most
talented
artists,
musicians,
and
writers
is
seldom
a
masterpiece,
If
you
consider
your
drafts
as
dress
rehearsals
(彩排),
or
tryouts,
revising
will
seem
a
natural
part
of
the
writing
50
.
What
is
the
purpose
of
the
dress
rehearsals
and
the
out-of-town
previews
that
many
Broadway
shows
go
through?
The
answer
is
adding,
deleting,
replacing,
reordering,
51
revising.
Andrew
Lloyd
Webber's
musical
Phantom
of
the
Opera
underwent
such
a
process.
When
Lloyd
Webber
began
writing
in
1984,
he
had
in
mind
a
funny,
exciting
production.
However,
when
Phantom
opened
in
London
in
1986,
the
audience
saw
a
moving
psychological
love
story
set
to
music.
The
musical
had.
52
several
revisions
due,
in
part,
to
problems
with
costuming
and
makeup
(戏服和化妆).
For
instance,
Lloyd
Webber
53
some
of
the
music
because
the
Phantom's
makeup
prevented
the
actor
from
singing
certain
sounds.
When
you
revise,
you
change
aspects
of
your
work
in
54
to
your
evolving
purpose,
or
to
include
55
ideas
or
newly
discovered
information.
Revision
is
not
just
an
afterthought
that
gets
only
as
much
time
as
you
have
at
the
end
of
an
assignment.
56
,
it
is
a
major
stage
of
the
writing
process,
and
writers
revise
every
step
of
the
way.
Even
your
decision
to
57
.
topics
while
prewriting
is
a
type
of
revising.
However.
don't
make
the
mistake
of
skipping
the
revision
stage
that
follows
58
.
Always
make
time
to
become
your
own
59
and
view
your
dress
rehearsal,
so
to
speak.
Reviewing
your
work
in
this
way
can
give
you
60
new
ideas.
Revising
involves
61
the
effectiveness
and
appropriateness
of
all
aspects
of
your
writing,
making
your
purpose
more
clearly,
and
refocusing
or
developing
the
facts
and
ideas
you
present.
When
you
revise,
ask
yourself
the
following
questions,
keeping
in
mind
the
audience
for
whom
you
are
writing:
Is
my
main
idea
or
purpose
62
throughout
my
draft?
Do
I
ever
lose
sight
of
my
purpose?
Have
I
given
my
readers
all
of
the
63
that
is,
facts,
opinions,
inferences
--
that
they
need
in
order
to
understand
my
main
idea?
Finally,
have
I
included
too
many
64
details
that
may
confuse
readers?
50.
A.
technique
B.
style
C.
process
D.
career
51.
A.
in
particular
B.
as
a
result
C.
for
example
D.
in
other
words
52.
A.
undergone
B.
skipped
C.
rejected
D.
replaced
53.
A.
rewrote
B.
released
C.
recorded
D.
reserved
54.
A.
addition
B.
response
C.
opposition
D.
contrast
55.
A.
fixed
B.
ambitious
C.
familiar
D.
fresh
56.
A.
However
B.
Moreover
C.
Instead
D.
Therefore
57.
A.
discuss
B.
switch
C.
exhaust
D.
cover
58.
A.
drafting
B.
rearranging
C.
performing
D.
training
59.
A.
director
B.
master
C.
audience
D.
visitor
60.
A.
personal
B.
valuable
C.
basic
D.
delicate
61.
A.
mixing
B.
weakening
C.
maintaining
D.
assessing
62.
A.
amazing
B.
bright
C.
unique
D.
clear
63.
A.
angles
B.
evidence
C.
information
D.
hints
64.
A.
unnecessary
B.
uninteresting
C.
concrete
D.
final
（4）
Most
people
believe
they
don’t
have
much
imagination.
They
are
__50__.
Everyone
has
imagination,
but
most
of
us,
once
we
become
adults,
forget
how
to
__51__
it.
Creativity
isn’t
always
__52__
with
great
works
of
art
or
ideas.
People
at
work
and
in
their
free
time
__53__
think
of
creative
ways
to
solve
problems.
Maybe
you
have
a
goal
to
achieve,
a
tricky
question
to
answer
or
you
just
want
to
expand
your
mind!
Here
are
three
techniques
to
help
you
Making
connections
This
technique
involves
taking
__54__
ideas
and
trying
to
find
links
between
them.
First,
think
about
the
problem
you
have
to
solve
or
the
job
you
need
to
do.
Then
find
an
image,
word,
idea
or
object,
for
example,
a
candle.
Write
down
all
the
ideas/words
__55__
with
candles:
light,
fire,
matches,
wax,
night,
silence,
etc.
Think
of
as
many
as
you
can.
The
next
stage
is
to
relate
the
__56__
to
the
job
you
have
to
do.
So
imagine
you
want
to
buy
a
friend
an
original
__57__;
you
could
buy
him
tickets
to
a
match
or
take
him
out
for
the
night
No
limits!
Imagine
that
normal
limitations
don’t
__58__.
You
have
as
much
time/space/money,
etc.
as
you
want.
Think
about
your
goal
and
the
new
__59__.
If
your
goal
is
to
learn
to
ski,
__60__,
you
can
now
practice
skiing
every
day
of
your
life
(because
you
have
the
time
and
the
money).
Now
__61__
this
to
reality.
Maybe
you
can
practice
skiing
every
day
in
December,
or
every
Monday
in
January.
Be
someone
else!
Look
at
the
situation
from
a
__62__
point
of
view.
Good
businessmen
use
this
technique
in
trade,
and
so
do
writers.
Fiction
writers
often
imagine
they
are
the
__63__
in
their
books.
They
ask
questions:
What
does
this
character
want?
Why
can’t
she
get
it?
What
changes
must
she
make
to
get
what
she
wants?
If
your
goal
involves
other
people,
put
yourself
in
their
__64__.
The
best
fishermen
think
like
fish!
50.
A.
wrong
B.
unbelievable
C.
reasonable
D.
realistic
51.
A.
put
up
with
B.
catch
up
with
C.
make
use
of
D.
keep
track
of
52.
A.
equipped
B.
compared
C.
covered
D.
connected
53.
A.
skillfully
B.
routinely
C.
vividly
D.
deeply
54.
A.
familiar
B.
unrelated
C.
creative
D.
imaginary
55.
A.
presented
B.
marked
C.
lit
D.
associated
56.
A.
ideas
B.
ambitious
C.
achievement
D.
technique
57.
A.
experience
B.
service
C.
present
D.
object
58.
A.
work
B.
last
C.
exist
D.
change
59.
A.
possibilities
B.
limitations
C.
tendency
D.
practice
60.
A.
in
fact
B.
in
particular
C.
as
a
whole
D.
for
example
61
A.
devote
B.
adapt
C.
lead
D.
keep
62.
A.
private
B.
global
C.
different
D.
practical
63.
A.
features
B.
themes
C.
creatures
D.
characters
64
A.
positions
B.
dreams
C.
images
D.
directions
(1)
Scientists
in
Norway
have
more
good
news
for
coffee
drinkers.Researchers
have
already
found
evidence
that
the
drink
or
the
beans
can
help
with
weight
loss,_1_one's
risk
of
developing
some
diseases,promote
muscle
growth,
protect
against
certain
types
of
cancers
and
can
even
reduce
one's
risk
of
premature
death,among
many
other_2_.
Now
comes
word
that
a
cup
of_3_reduces
physical
pain.
The
surprising
finding
is_4_a
study
involving
48
volunteers
who
agreed
to
spend
90
minutes
performing
fake
computer
tasks
meant
to
finish
office
work.The
tasks
were
known
to
_5_
pain
in
the
shoulders,
neck,
forearms,
and
wrists.
The
researchers
wanted
to
_6_
how
people
with
pain
and
those
who
were
pain-free
tolerated
the
pain
of
such
tasks.
As
a
matter
of
convenience,
the
scientists
allowed
people
to
drink
coffee
before
taking
the
test
‘to
avoid_7_effects
of
caffeine
lack,e.g.decreased
vigor
and
alertness,sleepiness,and
exhaustion.’
they
reported.
When
it
came
time
to
analyze
the
data
the
researchers
from
Norway's
National
Institute
of
Occupational
Health
and
Oslo
University
Hospital
noticed
that
the
the
19
people
who
drank
coffee
reported
a
lower_8_of
pain
than
the
29
people
who
didn't.In
the
shoulders
and
neck,_9_,the
average
pain
was
rated
41
(on
a
100-point
scale)
among
the
coffee
drinkers
and
55
for
the
non-coffee
drinkers.Similar
gaps
were
found
for
all
pain
sites
measured,and
coffee's
apparent
pain-reducation
effect_10_.
However,the
authors
of
the
study,which
was
published
this
week
in
the
journal
BMC
Research
Notes,warn
that
the
results
of
the
study
come
with
many_11_.For
starters,the
researchers
don't
know
how
much
coffee
the
coffee
drinkers
consumed
before
taking
the
computer
task._12_,they
doubt
whether
the
coffee
drinkers
and
non-coffee
drinkers
were_13_in
all
respects
expect
for
their
coffee
consumption.Problems
like
these
tend
to_14_the
importance
of
the
findings.But
those
doubts
are_15_to
trouble
the
coffee
drinkers
looking
for
any
reason
not
to
cut
back
on
their
daily
caffeine
habit.
1.A.take
B.reduce
C.increase
D.face
2.A.profits
B.advices
C.benefits
D.promotions
3.A.milk
B.water
C.coke
D.coffee
4.A.based
on
B.fond
of
C.different
from
D.qualified
for
5.A.cause
B.endure
C.ease
D.relieve
6.A.warm
B.compare
C.cure
D.treat
7.A.unpleasant
B.modest
C.significant
D.positive
8.A.tendency
B.intention
C.intensity
D.extension
9.A.on
the
contrary
B.as
a
result
C.for
instance
D.in
one
word
10.A.turned
up
B.took
up
C.put
up
D.gave
up
11.A.
quantities
B.uncertainties
C.consequences
D.qualifications
12.A.Moreover
B.However
C.Otherwise
D.Nevertheless
13.A.contemporary
B.similar
C.different
D.initial
14.
A.realize
B.attach
C.demonstrate
D.weaken
15.A.unlikely
B.sensible
C.jealous
D.miserable
(2)
Directions:
For
each
blank
in
the
following
passage
there
are
four
words
or
phrases
marked
A,
B,
C
and
D.
Fill
in
each
blank
with
the
word
or
phrase
that
best
fits
the
context.
Are
you
a
graduate
trying
to
plan
out
the
best
career
path
for
yourself?
Here,
some
tips
are
given
on
how
to
go
about
it.
A
university
degree
is
no
__1__
of
a
job,
and
job
hunting
in
itself
requires
a
whole
set
of
skills.
If
you
find
you
are
not
getting
past
the
first
interview,
ask
yourself
what
is
happening.
Is
it
a(n)
__2__
to
communicate
or
are
there
some
skills
you
lack?
And
find
out
what
you
need
to
do
to
bring
yourself
up
to
the
level
of
__3__
that
would
make
you
more
attractive
to
them.
Do
not
be
too
discouraged
if
you
are
__4__
for
a
job,
but
think
about
the
reasons
the
employers
give.
Those
who
made
the
second
interview
might
have
been
studying
the
same
subject
as
you
and
be
of
__5__
ability
level,
but
they
had
something
which
made
them
a
__6__
match
to
the
selector’s
ideal.
That
could
be
experience
gained
through
projects
or
vacation
work,
or
it
might
be
that
they
were
better
at
communicating
what
they
could
offer.
Do
not
take
the
comments
at
__7__value:
think
back
to
the
interviews
that
generated
them
and
make
a
list
of
where
you
think
the
shortfall
in
your
performance
lies.
With
this
sort
of
analytical
approach
you
will
eventually
get
your
foot
in
the
door.
Deciding
how
long
you
should
stay
in
your
first
job
is
a
tough
call.
Stay
too
long
and
future
employers
may
question
your
__8__
and
ambition.
Of
course,
it
depends
on
where
you
are
aiming.
If
you
are
a
graduate,
spending
five
or
six
years
in
the
same
job
is
not
too
long
provided
that
you
take
full
advantage
of
the
__9__.
However,
do
not
use
this
as
a(n)
__10__
for
lacking
interest
or
enthusiasm.
Graduates
sometimes
fail
to
take
ownership
of
their
careers
and
take
the
initiative.
It
is
up
to
you
to
make
the
most
of
what’s
available
within
a
company,
and
to
monitor
your
progress
in
case
you
need
to
__11__.
This
applies
particularly
if
you
are
still
not
sure
where
your
career
path
lies.
It
is
helpful
to
think
through
what
kind
of
experience
you
need
to
get
your
__12__
job
and
it
is
not
a
problem
to
move
around
to
a
certain
extent.
But
in
the
__13__
stages
of
your
career
you
need
a
definite
strategy
for
reaching
your
goal,
so
think
about
that
carefully
before
deciding
to
step
forward
from
your
first
job.
You
must
cultivate
__14__
to
be
competent
for
any
role.
You
are
not
sure
whether
you
will
get
adequate
training,
and
research
has
shown
that
if
you
do
not
receive
proper
help
in
a
new
role,
it
can
take
18
months
to
__15__
it.
1.
A.
input
B.
cause
C.
guarantee
D.
preparation
2.
A.
failure
B.
key
C.
introduction
D.
contribution
3.
A.
highlight
B.
comment
C.
fluency
D.
qualification
4.
A.
asked
B.
refused
C.
headed
D.
helped
5.
A.
different
B.
high
C.
similar
D.
low
6.
A.
closer
B.
better
C.
stronger
D.
poorer
7.
A.
depth
B.
face
C.
data
D.
test
8.
A.
character
B.
personality
C.
behavior
D.
drive
9.
A.
knowledge
B.
experience
C.
skill
D.
loyalty
10.
A.
substitute
B.
equivalent
C.
excuse
D.
requirement
11.
A.
pass
by
B.
switch
on
C.
move
on
D.
stick
to
12.
A.
part-time
B.
dream
C.
secure
D.
well-paid
13.
A.
critical
B.
last
C.
middle
D.
early
14.
A.
patience
B.
love
C.
habits
D.
friendship
15.
A.
know
B.
prohibit
C.
master
D.
select
(3)
Directions:
For
each
blank
in
the
following
passage
there
are
four
words
or
phrases
marked
A,
B,
C
and
D.
Fill
in
each
blank
with
the
word
or
phrase
that
best
fits
the
context.
Women,
I
have
always
felt,
are
the
backbone
of
the
world.
Only
they
have
the
1
and
means
to
bring
the
miracle
of
life
to
Earth.
Throughout
history,
they
have
been
the
caretakers
and
nurturers.
Women
work
alongside
men
in
the
fields,
in
the
factories,
in
the
offices
and
then
_____2
home—not
to
put
their
feet
up
in
front
of
the
television
like
their
husbands,
but
to
set
dinner
on
the
table
and
3
their
families.
There
is
nothing
women
cannot
4
.
I
won’t
debate
that
women
are
superior
to
men
or
inferior
to
men.
I’ll
simple
say
that
to
be
a
woman
is
one
of
the
greatest
honors
that
can
be
accorded
to
a
person.
To
be
a
woman
is
to
be
blessed
with
the
natural
5
,
understanding,
and
supernatural
love
of
a
mother.
To
be
a
woman
is
to
be
simultaneously
strong
and
soft
in
body.
To
be
a
woman
is
to
have
the
possibility
of
being
6
.
There
is
nothing
women
cannot
deal
with.
Women
today
need
to
realize
that.
Especially
in
today’s
world
societies
where
women
7
receive
equal
rights
as
men,
women
need
only
to
make
the
most
of
their
talents
and
assets
in
order
to
get
what
they
want.
And
if
they
set
their
minds
on
something
and
fully
strive
for
it,
the
sky
is
the
8
.
Women
were
born
tailored
for
9
.
It
doesn’t
matter
what
a
woman’s
particular
talent
is.
If
she
is
skilled
with
a
pencil
and
paper,
she
can
become
a
famous
author
or
a
successful
journalist.
If
she
is
handy
with
math,
she
can
become
the
CEO
of
a
big
investment
company.
If
she
has
a
flair
for
drama,
she
can
become
the
next
Gong
Li.
If
she
has
a
knack
for
chemicals
and
equations,
she
can
discover
a
10
for
cancer.
If
her
best
asset
is
her
friendly
personality,
she
can
become
a
popular
talk
show
host.
If
she
is
simply
very
11
,
she
can
be
the
new
cover
model
of
Vogue.
All
very
different
scenarios,
but
all
success.
Every
women
was
born
tailored
for
accomplishment,
no
matter
their
talents
are
12
,
the
talent
isn’t
even
visible—but
it’s
definitely
there.
Women
must
simply
remember
that
they
are
capable
forces
to
be
reckoned
with
and
that
they
have
a
right
to
participate
in
the
activities
of
the
world.
They
must
be
forceful,
determined,
and
assertive.
They
cannot
shy
back
and
accept
the
minor
jobs
that
men
don’t
13
and
leave
for
them.
If
women
want
to
be
kindergarten
teachers,
that’s
wonderful.
Kindergarten
teachers
are
important
and
14
members
of
the
community.
If
women
want
to
stay
at
home
and
simply
mothers,
that’s
fantastic.
Being
a
mother
is
one
of
the
hardest
careers
in
the
world.
15
it
is
vital
that
they
understand
that
they
are
not
limited
to
these
options.
As
long
as
women
are
aware
that
anything
is
theirs
for
the
taking,
there
should
be
no
stopping
them.
1.
A.
brain
B.
strength
C.
honor
D.
heart
2.
A.
build
B.
leave
C.
return
D.
own
3.
A.
take
care
of
B.
look
down
upon
C.
put
up
with
D.
make
use
of
4.
A.
think
B.
learn
C.
provide
D.do
5.
A.
sensitivity
B.
attention
C.
sympathy
D.
patience
6.
A.
nothing
B.
something
C.
anything
D.
everything
7.
A.
increasingly
B.
generally
C.
admittedly
D.
inevitably
8.
A.
edge
B.
limit
C.
obstacle
D.
stage
9.
A.
fashion
B.
bravery
C.
love
D.
success
10.
A.
way
B.
key
C.
secret
D.
cure
11.
A.
pretty
B.
tall
C.
confident
D.
special
12.
A.
However
B.
Besides
C.
Sometimes
D.
Furthermore
13.
A.
want
B.
ignore
C.
fit
D.
create
14.
A.
unapproachable
B.
incomprehensible
C.
irreplaceable
D.
inaccessible
15.
A.
So
B.
But
C.
For
D.
As
(4)
Directions:
For
each
blank
in
the
following
passage
there
are
four
words
or
phrases
marked
A,
B,
C
and
D.
Fill
in
each
blank
with
the
word
or
phrase
that
best
fits
the
context.
For
many
people
today,
reading
is
no
longer
relaxation.
To
keep
up
their
work
they
must
read
letters,
reports,
trade
publications,
interoffice
communications,
not
to
mention
newspapers
and
magazines;
a
never-ending
flood
of
words.
In
getting
a
job
advancing,
the
ability
to
read
and
comprehend
__1__
can
mean
the
difference
between
success
and
failure.
Yet
the
unfortunate
fact
is
that
most
of
us
are
__2__
readers.
Most
of
us
develop
poor
reading
habits
at
an
early
age,
and
never
__3__
them.
The
main
shortage
lies
in
the
actual
stuff
of
language
itself
–
words.
Taken
individually,
words
have
little__4__
until
they
are
strung
together
into
phrases,
sentences
and
paragraphs.
Unfortunately,
__5__,
the
untrained
reader
does
not
read
groups
of
words.
He
laboriously
read
one
word
at
a
time,
often
regressing
to
__6__
words
or
passages.
Regression,
the
tendency
to
look
back
over
what
you
have
just
read,
is
a
common
__7__
habit
in
reading.
Another
bad
habit
which
__8__
the
speed
of
reading
is
vocalization
–
sounding
each
word
either
__9__
or
mentally
as
one
reads.
To
overcome
these
bad
habits,
some
reading
clinics
use
a
device
called
an
accelerator,
which
moves
a
bar
(or
curtain)
down
the
page
at
a
predetermined
speed.
The
bar
is
set
a
slightly
__10__
rate
than
the
reader
finds
comfortable,
in
order
to
“__11__”
him.
The
accelerator
forces
the
reader
to
read
fast,
making
word-by-word
reading,
regression
and
sub-vocalization,
practically
__12__.
At
first
comprehension
is
__13__
speed.
But
when
you
learn
to
read
ideas
and
concepts,
you
will
not
only
read
faster,
but
your
comprehension
will
improve.
Many
people
have
found
their
reading
skill
__14__
improved
after
some
training.
Take
Charles
Au,
a
business
manager,
for
instance,
his
reading
rate
was
a
reasonably
good
172
words
a
minute
before
the
training,
now
it
is
an
excellent
1,378
words
a
minute.
He
is
delighted
that
now
he
can
go
through
a
lot
more
reading
material
in
a(n)
__15__
period
of
time.
1.
A.
quickly
B.
silently
C.
thoroughly
D.
vaguely
2.
A.
casual
B.
curious
C.
efficient
D.
poor
3.
A.
acquire
B.
cultivate
C.
kick
D.
practice
4.
A.
formation
B.
meaning
C.
pronunciation
D.
transformation
5.
A.
however
B.
moreover
C.
somehow
D.
therefore
6.
A.
recite
B.
reread
C.
reuse
D.
rewrite
7.
A.
horrible
B.
incurable
C.
social
D.
viewing
8.
A.
achieves
B.
gains
C.
measures
D.
reduces
9.
A.
orally
B.
physically
C.
quietly
D.
repeatedly
10.
A.
better
B.
faster
C.
lower
D.
steadier
11.
A.
distract
B.
embarrass
C.
interest
D.
stretch
12.
A.
demanding
B.
impossible
C.
reasonable
D.
useful
13.
A.
applied
to
B.
matched
with
C.
sacrificed
for
D.
substituted
for
14.
A.
dramatically
B.
hardly
C.
slightly
D.
subconsciously
15.
A.
indefinite
B.
lengthy
C.
limited
D.
set
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