八年级上学期英语知识点
八年级英语短语总汇
Unit1
Topic1
1.be
going
to
do
打算做某事
2.See
sb
do
sth看见某人做某事(全过程)See
sb
doing
sth看见某人正在做某事(正在进行)
3.cheer
sb
on为...加油
4.Play
against=fight
against
与...对抗/大战
5.Be
against--Be
for
反对—赞同
6.practice+doing
练习做...
7.Prefer+doing
跟喜欢...
8.Perfer+doing/n.to
doing/n.
比起后者跟喜欢前者
9.Perfer
to
do
宁愿做...
8.Quite
a
lot/bit=often
经常
9.which=what
kind
of那一个;prefer=like
better
跟喜欢
10.
Join+某人/组织
Join
in+活动/比赛
加入
Take
part
in+活动/比赛
Be
in+活动/比赛
13.Know
about...
知道/了解有关于...
14.时间状语从句:主句(一般将来时)从句(一般现在时)when后是从句,前是主句
15.
It
takes
sb+时间/钱
to
do
sth
Spend+时间/钱+(in)
doing
sth
在某方面花费多少
Spend+时间/钱+on+n.
物+cost+时间/钱
16.There
be
going
to
be=there
will
be
这里将会有...
17.Be
good
at+(doing)sth=Do
well
in+(doing)sth
擅长做...
18.Be
sure
that+宾语从句
确信...
19.Be
sure
to
do
肯定要做...
20.Be
sure
of/about
对...有把握
21.At
the
weekend
在周末
22.Make
sb/sth+adj
使...处在什么状态
23.Keep+adj
保持...;keep
sb/sth+adj
使...保持什么状态
24.A
way
to
一种...的方法
25.Relax
oneself
使某人自己放松
26.Play
for
为...效力
27.Arrive
in=get
to=reach+大地方;Arrive
at+小地方
28.Excited(人);exciting(物)
29.Leave
for动身做某地
;leave
A
for
B
离开A地去B地
Unit1
Topic2
1.Could
you(not)....=cuold/would
you
please(not)do=would/do
you
mind(not)doing=Would
you
mind
(not)+if+从句
2.fall
ill=be
ill
生病
3.One
of+n.复数
...其中之一
4.Keep+doing继续做;keep
on
doing
反复做(有间隔)
5.Help
sb.=give
sb
a
hand
帮助某人
6.V.+间宾(人)+直宾(物)=V.+直宾+to/for+间宾
7.Sure=certainly=of
course
当然
8.Not
at
all=certainly
not=of
course
not
不介意
9.Never
mind=it’s
nothing=it’s
doesn’t
matter
没关系
10.Throw...around/about
乱扔
11.Adj.修饰不定代词放其后
12.Be
sorry
for/about....
对...感到内疚
13.What
do
you
mean
by...?=what
does...mean?=what’s
the
meaning
of...?
意思是什么?
14.Shout
at
sb.
斥责某人
15.Do/try
one’s
best
to
do
sth
尽某人做大的努力做某事
16.Be
angry
with
sb.
For
doing
sth
因为某人做某事而生气
17.be
angry
at/about
sth
因某事而生气
18.be
angry
with
因...而生气
19.With
the
help
of
sb.=with
one’help
在某人的帮助下
20.Say...to
sb.
对某人说...
21.Come
into
being=be
born
形成/产生
22.So...that...
如此...以致...=to...too...
太...而不能...
23.A
century=one
hundred
year
一个世纪
24.Over=more
than
超过
25.Through(中间)=aross(表面)
通过
26.Throw...through...
通...扔...;throw...into...
把...扔/投入...
27.Stop...from
doing
阻止...做某事
28.It’s
+
adj
+(for
sb.)+to
do
(对某人来说)做...是...
29.Another+基数词
又一,在一;
other
+n.复数
另外的
30.Around=all
over
到处
31.Just
for...只是为了...
32.Turn...into...
使...变成...
33.Sit
around
围坐在
34.Get
from
doing
得到...
35.Such
as
后不可列出前面所提过的所有东西
36.A
number
of+n.可数复数
许多的;the
number
of+n.单数
...的数量
37.Hero
复数(Pl.)
heroes
Unit1
Topic3
1.连字符后不加s
2.名词作定语修饰名词一般用单数形式,但sport,woman用复数
3.Have
fun=enjoy
oneself=have
a
good
time
玩的开心
4.Have
fun+doing
做某事有趣
5.It’s
one’s
序数词
time
to
do
是某人第几次做某事
6.Be/get
ready
for=perpare
for
为...作准备
7.Make
friends
with
sb.
和...交朋友
8.Be
in=be
at
home
在家
9.shall用于第一人称
I,We(一般用于疑问句)
will用于全部人称
10.Make
it
+时间
约定在几点,不加at
11.Take
a
message
捎个口信
12.At
the
school
gate在学校大门;at
the
theater在剧场;
at
the
bus
stop在公交站
13.Catch
up
with
赶上...
14.Neck
and
neck
肩并肩
15.Run
into
撞到
16.A
symbol
of
...的象征
17.Stand
for
代表...
18.Ever+一段时间
每隔多久
19.Do
sth
in
turn
轮流做某事
20.It’s
one’s
turn
to
do
轮到某人做某事
21.Have
the
chance
to
do
sth
有机会做某事
22.For
the
序数词
time
第几次
23.Win
first
place
获得第一名,考试/比赛获得名次时序数词前不可加
the
24.Some
day(将来)=one
day(过去、将来)
某一天
25.Can(本身具有)=be
able
to(后天努力达到的)
能够
26.Do
exercise=do
sports
锻炼
27.Listen
(过程);hear(结果)听
28.Send
a
message
发信息
29.Regard...as
把...当做
Unit2
Topic1
1.
Have
the
flu患流感;Have
a
sore
throat
喉咙痛
2.
What’s
the
matter(whith
sb.)/what’s
wrong(with
sb.)
(某人)怎么了?
3.
Boiled
water
开水
4.
Stay
in
待在
5.
Too
much
+n.不可数/too
many
+n.可是
太多;much
too+
adj./adv.
太...
6.
In
the
sun
在阳光呀
7.
Take/have
some
medicine
吃药
8.
Take...to...带...去...
9.
Brush
one’s
teeth
刷某人的牙
10.Happen
to
发生
11.Call
a
taxi
打的
12.Look
after=take
care
of
照顾
13.Ask
for+时间’s
leave
请几天的假
14.Look
after/take
care
of
+oneself
照顾某人自己
15.Be
worried
about=worry
about
担心
16.When(时间点)/while(时间段)
当...的时候
Unit2
Topic2
1.
Ask
sb.
to
do
sth
请求某人做某事
2.
Give
up
+doing
放弃做某事
3.
系动词+adj.=系表
4.动名词做主语,谓语用第三人称单数
4.
Stay
up
熬夜
5.Put...into...
把...放...
5.
Be
bad
for对...有益;be
good
for
对...有害
6.
On
the
newspaper(表层);in
the
newspaper(内容)
7.
Show
sth.
to
sb.
向某人展示某物
10.Without--with
没有--有
11.Be
careful
(not)
to
do
注意(不)做
12.Force
sb.
to
do
强迫某人做某事
13.Have
to
do
不得不做
14.Make
sb./sth
do
sth
让某人/某物做某事
15.Be
surprised
to
do
惊讶地做...
16.Be
surprised
at
对...感到惊讶
17.To
one's
surprise
使某人惊奇的是
18.Have
a
bath洗澡;take
a
shower淋浴
19.In
public
在公共场所
20.As
soon
as
possible
尽可能快地(放在句末)
21.Not
only...but
also...
不但...而且...
22.西红柿,马铃薯,英雄,黑人
复数(Pl.)加es
23.Need
to
do
需要做某事
24.Run
to
跑向
25.a
piece
of
advice
一条建议
26.Get
mad
发疯
27.As
soon
as...
一...就
Unit2
Topic3
1.Build
sb.
up
增强某人的体质
2.Ask/answer
the
question
问/回答问题
3.All
the
time=always
一直
4.Keep
away
from=get
away
from=stay
away
from
远离
5.At
once=right
now=right
away
立刻
6.Take
one’s
advice
采纳某人的建议;give
sb.
advice
给某人建议
7.ask
sb.
for
advice
向某人寻求意见
8.A:May...?
B:Yes,...may/
No,mustn’t
9.A:Must...?
B:Yes,...must/No,...needn’t=don’t/doesn’t
have
to
10.Finally=at
last=in
the
end
最后
11.Could
I
speak
to...?
我能和...讲话吗?
12.Ring
sb.
up=call
sb.=telephone/phone
sb.=give
sb.
a
call
13.Leave
a
message
留言
14.Tell
sb.
(not)
to
do
告诉某人(不要)做
15.Forget
to
do忘记做过什么(已做)...;forget
doing
sth
忘记做某事(还没做)
16.Give
a
talk(to
sb.)
(给某人)做报告17.Do
sth
by
oneself
某人亲自做
18.Stay
away
from
+doing
远离...
19.Say
no
to
+doing
对...说不
20.In
order
to
为了...
21.Warm
up
热身
22.Instead
of
+doing
代替做...
23.Have
right
to
do
sth
有权做某事
24.Fly
over
飞过
25.Run
after
追赶
26.Put
up/down
向上/向下
27.Be
afraid
of+(doing)sth害怕(做)某事=be
afraid
to
do
害怕做某事
Unit3
Topic1
1.In
one’s
free/spare
time
在某人空闲的时间
2.Why
not=why
don’t
you
为什么不...
3.表示喜欢的词都加ing
4.dance
to
music
随着音乐跳舞
5.May
be可能是;
can
be可以是
;must
be应该是
6.Learn...from...
从...学习...;learn
from...
从中学习…
7.Get
started
着手开始
8.Start/begin
with...
以...开始
9.Cut
out
剪下
10.Stick...to...
把...粘贴在...
11.Share
sth
to
sb.
与...分享...
12.Used
to
do过去常常做某事;get/be
used
to
doing
习惯于做某事
13.It
is
fun
to
do/doing
做是很有趣的
14.Keep
warm
保暖
15.May
be也许是(系表结构)
;
maybe
也许(副词,放在句首)
16.Provide
sb.
With
sth=provide
sth.
For
sb.
为某人提供某物。
17.Whether...or
not...
是否...(固定词组)
18.Take
sb.
Out
for
a
walk
带某人出去散步
19.Be
special
to
对...特别
20.There
used
to
be
某地过去曾有某物
21.Decide
to
do
决定做某事
22.In
one’s
life
在某人的生命里
23.Just...like
就像...一样
24.Keep
one’s
mind
on
doing
专心的做某事
25.介词+doing
Unit3
Topic2
1.What+
a/an
+adj.+
n.单数;what
+adj.
+n.不可数/复数
2.How+
adj./adv.;
how
+adv.+主+谓
3.At
the
concert
在演唱会上
4.Lend
sth.
to
sb.=lend
sb.
Sth.
把某物借给某人
5.Borrow...from...从...借来...
6.What
kind/type
of...什么种类
7.Hate
doing
讨厌做某事
8.Not...at
all
根本不;not
at
all
没关系
9.Cone
and
go
quickly
来去匆匆
10.Be
popular
with
以...流行
11.Be
famous
for...因...而著名;be
famous
as...
作为...而出名
12.Here
is
a/an
+n.单数/are
+n.复数
这边有...
13.Be
over
结束
14.Go
up
to
走上前去
15.All
kinds
of
+n.复数
各种各样
16.Jump
out
跳出去
17.Lose
oneself
in+(doing)sth
沉迷于什么
18.
Such+(a/an
+adj.+
n.单数/adj.
+n.复数/adj.
+n.不可数)+that
So+
adj./adv.
+that
如此...以致于...
Unit3
Topic3
1.Hold
on,please
请稍等
2.Chat
with
sb.
与某人聊天。
3.Do
some
packing
打包行李
4.Pass
the
time
打发时间
5.Agree
with
sb.
同意某人看法
6.Pass
by
经过
7.By
chance
偶然
8.Fall
down
on...
摔倒在...
9.In
the
street在街上;on
the
road在路上
10.Warm
...up
使...温暖
11.Hold....in
one’s
arms抱着...怀里
12.Knock
at
...敲...
13.Without+doing不做
14.In
the
early
年代+s
在什么年代早期
15.Stop
doing
sth停止做某事(正在做);stop
to
do
sth停止去做某事(想要去做)
16.Voice(人声);sounds(全部声音);noise(噪声)
17.In
the
low
voice
低声地说
18.Follow...order
遵守...命令
19.Get
lost
迷路
20.Long
long
ago
很久很久以前
21.Last
night=yesterday
evening
昨晚
Unit4
Topic1
1.Think
about
(doing)
sth.
考虑做
2.In
the
countryside
/city
在农村/城市
3.On
the
farm在农场上
4.Live
a
…
life
过着…的生活
5.As
we
know
众所周知
6.Cover
...with
....
用…覆盖
7.On
Earth
=
on
the
earth在地球上
8.Play
a
part
in
(
doing
)
sth.
在(做)某事中起作用
9.Die
out
灭绝
10.Thousands
/
hundreds
of
数以千/百计
11.Control
the
climate
调节气候
12.In
fact
事实上,实际上
13.Protect
…
from
.....保护…免受…的伤害
14.Feed
on
以……为食
15.Fewer
and
fewer
越来越少(修饰可数名词)
16.Less
and
less
越来越少(修饰不可数名词)
17.More
and
more越来越多(可数,不可数都可以)
18.In
danger
处于危险中
19.Out
of
danger脱险
20.In
the
south
of
China
在中国南部
21.A
type
of
=
a
kind
of
一种…
22.Kill
.....
for
…
为…杀死…
23.Pl.
goose--geese
;sheep--sheep;
mouse--mice
24.Cut
down
砍伐
25.On
the
land;in
the
sea;in
the
sky
在陆地上;在海里;在天空
26.数字%
读作:数字
percent
Unit4
Topic2
1.Fall
on…
掉在…上
2.Be
missing
/
lost失踪,丢失
3.Lose
one’s
life
/
lives失去生命
4.Lose
one’s
homes失去家园
5.Ask
sb.
for
help
=
turn
to
sb.
向某人求助
6.Stay/keep
calm
保持冷静
7.Protect
…with…
用…保护…
8.Take
a
lift
乘电梯
9.In
the
middle/center
of
在…中间
10.A
way
to
do
sth.
=
a
way
of
doing
sth.做…的方法
11.Remember
to
do
记得做某事
12.Remember
doing
记得做过某事
13.In
a
doorway
在过道
14.Turn
on/off
打开/关闭
15.Turn
up/down
调高/调低
16.Jump
off…
从…跳下
17.The
whole
day
=
all
day
整天
18.Return
to…
=
go
back
to…
回到…
19.Over
again
再次,重新
20.Millions
of
数以百万计的…
21.Move
around
走来走去,走动
22.On+具体某一天
23.Send
sb.
sth.
=
send
sth.
to
sb.
发送给某人某物
24.Send
for
派人去请,召唤
25.In
the
fire在火灾中
26.Ask/call
sb.
For
help
请求某人的帮助/打电话给某人求救
27.Hear
about
听说有关于...
28.In
the
army
在军队
29.Run
out
of...
跑出...外
30.Protect...from+doing保护...免受...的伤害
31.Close
to
靠近
Unit4
Topic3
1.
on
the
Internet
在网上
2.
face
to
face
面对面;neck
and
neck
齐头并进;
3.
hand
in
hand
手;back
to
back
背靠背
4.
find
out
查明,找出
5.
let/make/have
sb.
do
让某人做某事
6.
make…
into
use
使…投入使用
7.
in
the
1960s
在二十世纪六十年代
8.
be
not
sure
+whether/if
不确定是否…
9.
put
…
into
把…放进…
10.for
the
better
向着较好的情况(转变)----
for
the
worse
向着较坏的情况(转变)
11.use
sth.
to
do
用…来做…
12.surf
the
Internet
上网
13.change
…
into
…=
turn
…
into
把…转变成…
14.look
up
查找,向上看
15.be
different
from
和…不同
16.lose
oneself
in
(doing)
sth.
沉迷于…,专心致志于…
17.search
for
…
搜寻,寻找
18.if
so
如果是这样
if
not
如果不是这样
19.visit
a
website
访问一个网站
20.help
sb.(to)
do
帮助某人做…
八年级语法汇总
1.
一般将来时:
Be
going
to
do/will
be
的用法
Will用法:
肯定句:主+will+V.原型+其他
否定句:主+will
not(won't)+V.原型+其他
一般疑问句:will+主+V.原型+其他;
回答:肯定回答:Yes,主+will
否定回答:No,主+won't
特殊疑问句:疑问词+will+V.原型+其他
表示位置移动的动词,可以用现在进行时表示一般将来时
2.情态动词:
情态动词
否定式及否定式简略形式
Can
Can
not=can’t
Could
Could
not=couldn’t
May
May
not=mayn’t
Might
Might
not=mightn’t
Shall
Shall
not=shan’t
Should
Should
not=shouldn’t
Will
Will
not=won’t
Would
Would
not=wouldn’t
Must
Must
not=mustn’t
Need
Need
not=needn’t
情态V.+do
must和
have
to
,must表示主观意志,而have
to表示由于客观因素不得不做某事。
Mustn’t
不表示“不必”的意思
3.Used
to
用法:
肯定句:主+used
to
+do+其他
否定句:主+usedn't(didn't
use)
to+do+其他
一般疑问句:①Did+主+use
to+do+其他?
回答:肯定回答:Yes,主+did
否定回答:No,主+didn't
②Used+主+to+do+其他?
回答:肯定回答:Yes,主+used
否定回答:No,主+usedn't
四.感叹句:
What:what+a/an+adj.+名词;what+adj.+n.可数/复数
How:how+adj./adv.;how+adv.+主+谓
5.
过去进行时:
构成:was/were+现在分词(V.-ing)
肯定句:主语+was/were+doing+其它
否定句:主语+was/were+not+doing+其它
一般疑问句:Was/Were+主语+doing+其它
答语:肯定回答:Yes,主语+was/were.
否定回答:No主语+wasn't/weren't.
特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句+其它
6.形容词的比较级和最高级:
构成方法(规则变化)
单音节词直接在其后面加-er/-est.
以字母e结尾的单音节词在其后面直接加-r/-st.
以一个辅音字母
(?https:?/??/?www.?/?s?wd=%E8%BE%85%E9%9F%B3%E5%AD%97%E6%AF%8D&tn=44039180_cpr&fenlei=mv6quAkxTZn0IZRqIHckPjm4nH00T1Y4uhDvuWmzn1bznH6YPW7-0ZwV5Hcvrjm3rH6sPfKWUMw85HfYnjn4nH6sgvPsT6KdThsqpZwYTjCEQLGCpyw9Uz4Bmy-bIi4WUvYETgN-TLwGUv3EnH61PjmknHD1rHnYnWDYnHRYn0"
\t
"https:?/??/?zhidao.?/?question?/?_blank?)结尾闭音节单音节词,双写这个辅音字母
(?https:?/??/?www.?/?s?wd=%E8%BE%85%E9%9F%B3%E5%AD%97%E6%AF%8D&tn=44039180_cpr&fenlei=mv6quAkxTZn0IZRqIHckPjm4nH00T1Y4uhDvuWmzn1bznH6YPW7-0ZwV5Hcvrjm3rH6sPfKWUMw85HfYnjn4nH6sgvPsT6KdThsqpZwYTjCEQLGCpyw9Uz4Bmy-bIi4WUvYETgN-TLwGUv3EnH61PjmknHD1rHnYnWDYnHRYn0"
\t
"https:?/??/?zhidao.?/?question?/?_blank?)再加-er/-est.
以辅音字母
(?https:?/??/?www.?/?s?wd=%E8%BE%85%E9%9F%B3%E5%AD%97%E6%AF%8D&tn=44039180_cpr&fenlei=mv6quAkxTZn0IZRqIHckPjm4nH00T1Y4uhDvuWmzn1bznH6YPW7-0ZwV5Hcvrjm3rH6sPfKWUMw85HfYnjn4nH6sgvPsT6KdThsqpZwYTjCEQLGCpyw9Uz4Bmy-bIi4WUvYETgN-TLwGUv3EnH61PjmknHD1rHnYnWDYnHRYn0"
\t
"https:?/??/?zhidao.?/?question?/?_blank?)+y结尾的双音节词
(?https:?/??/?www.?/?s?wd=%E5%8F%8C%E9%9F%B3%E8%8A%82%E8%AF%8D&tn=44039180_cpr&fenlei=mv6quAkxTZn0IZRqIHckPjm4nH00T1Y4uhDvuWmzn1bznH6YPW7-0ZwV5Hcvrjm3rH6sPfKWUMw85HfYnjn4nH6sgvPsT6KdThsqpZwYTjCEQLGCpyw9Uz4Bmy-bIi4WUvYETgN-TLwGUv3EnH61PjmknHD1rHnYnWDYnHRYn0"
\t
"https:?/??/?zhidao.?/?question?/?_blank?),先把y改为i,再加-er/-est.
其他双音节词
(?https:?/??/?www.?/?s?wd=%E5%8F%8C%E9%9F%B3%E8%8A%82%E8%AF%8D&tn=44039180_cpr&fenlei=mv6quAkxTZn0IZRqIHckPjm4nH00T1Y4uhDvuWmzn1bznH6YPW7-0ZwV5Hcvrjm3rH6sPfKWUMw85HfYnjn4nH6sgvPsT6KdThsqpZwYTjCEQLGCpyw9Uz4Bmy-bIi4WUvYETgN-TLwGUv3EnH61PjmknHD1rHnYnWDYnHRYn0"
\t
"https:?/??/?zhidao.?/?question?/?_blank?)和多音节的词,在前面加more和most.
good/well
better
best
bad/ill
worse
worst
many/much
more
most
little
less
least
far
farther
farthest
比较级:两者比较时用;最高级:三者或三者以上用
比较级+than;the+最高级+of/in/among
两个比较级用and连用,意为“越来越...”
The+比较级+of
较...
The+比较级,the+比较级
越...,越...
7.宾语补足句:
主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足句
8.反身代词:
单数
复数
第一人称
myself
ourselves
第二人称
yourself
yourselves
第三人称
himself,herself,itself
themselves
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