2020-2021学年八省高三联考英语读后续写方法探析与分析word版

八省联考英语读后续写方法探析与精深分析
原题：During
this
past
year,
I've
had
three
instances
of
car
trouble.
Each
time
these
things
happened,
I
was
sick
of
the
way
most
people
hadn5t
bothered
to
help.
One
of
those
times,
I
was
on
the
side
of
the
road
fbr
close
to
three
hours
with
my
big
Jeep.
I
put
signs
in
the
windows,
big
signs
that
said
NEED
A
JACK
（千斤顶），and
offered
money.
Nothing.
Right
as
I
was
about
to
give
up,
a
Mexican
family
in
a
small
truck
pulled
over,
and
the
father
bounded
out.
He
sized
up
the
situation
and
called
fbr
his
daughter,
who
spoke
English.
He
conveyed
through
her
that
he
had
a
jack
but
that
it
was
too
small
for
the
Jeep,
so
we
would
need
something
to
support
it.
Then
he
got
a
saw
（锯子）from
the
truck
and
cut
a
section
out
of
a
big
log
on
the
side
of
the
road.
We
rolled
it
over
and
put
his
jack
on
top,
and
we
were
in
business.
I
started
taking
the
wheel
off,
and
then,
if
you
can
believe
it,
I
broke
his
tire
iron.
No
worries:
He
handed
it
to
his
wife,
and
she
was
gone
in
a
flash
down
the
road
to
buy
a
new
tire
iron.
She
was
back
in
15
minutes.
We
finished
the
job,
and
I
was
a
very
happy
man.
The
two
of
us
were
dirty
and
sweaty.
His
wife
prepared
a
pot
of
water
for
us
to
wash
our
hands.
I
tried
to
put
a
$20
bill
in
the
man's
hand,
but
he
wouldn't
take
it,
so
instead
I
went
up
to
the
truck
and
gave
it
to
his
wife
as
quietly
as
I
could.
I
asked
the
little
girl
where
they
lived.
Mexico,
she
said.
They
were
in
Oregon
so
Mommy
and
Daddy
could
work
on
a
fruit
farm
for
the
next
few
weeks.
Then
they
would
go
home.
注意：
续写词数应为150左右；
请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
When
I
was
about
to
say
goodbye,
the
girl
asked
if
I'd
had
lunch.
After
they
left,
I
got
into
my
Jeep
and
opened
the
paper
bag.
指导：重点划红
During?this
past
year,
I’ve
had?three
instances
of
car
trouble.
Each
time
these
things
happened,?I
was
sick
of
the
way
most
people
hadn’t
bothered
to
help.?One
of
those
times,
I
was?on
the
side
of
the
road
for
close
to
three
hours?with
my?big
Jeep.
I
put
signs?in
the
windows,?big
signs?that
said?NEED
A
JACK(千斤顶),
and?offered
money.
Nothing.
Right
as
I?was
about
to
give
up,?a
Mexican
family
in
a
small
truck
pulled
over,
and?the
father?bounded
out.
He
sized
up
the
situation
and
called
for?his
daughter,
who
spoke
English.
He
conveyed
through
her
that
he
had?a
jack
but?that
it
was?too
small?for
the
Jeep,?so?we
would
need
something
to
support
it.
Then
he?got
a
saw(据子)
from
the
truck?and?cut?a
section
out
of?a
big
log?on
the
side
of
the
road.
We
rolled
it
over
and?put
his
jack
on
top,
and
we
were
in
business.
I
started?taking
the
wheel
off,
and
then,
if
you
can
believe
it,
I?broke
his
tire
iron.
No
worries:
He
handed
it
to?his
wife,
and
she
was
gone
in
a
flash
down
the
road
to?buy
a
new
tire
iron.
She
was
back
in
15minutes.
We
finished
the
job,
and
I
was
a
very?happy
man.
The
two
of
us
were
dirt
yand
sweaty.?His
wife?prepared
a
pot
of
water
for
us
to
wash
our
hands.
I?tried
to
put
a
$20
bill?in
the
man’s
hand,?but
he
wouldn’t
take
it,?so
instead
I
went
up
to
the
truck
and?gave
it
to
his
wife
as
quietly
as
I
could.
I
asked
the
little
girl
where
they
lived.
Mexico,
she
said.
They
were
in
Oregon
so
Mommy
and
Daddy
could
work
on
a
fruit
farm
for
the
next
few
weeks.?Then
they
would
go
home.
2.?从关键词我们可以得出以下的信息：
时间：this
past
year；one
of
the
instance
of
car
trouble；
地点：on
the
side
of
the
road
人物：I；a
Mexican
family
(the
father；the
wife；the
daughter)?(They
were
strangers)
事件：
①I
was
sick
of
the
way
most
people
were
unwilling
to
give
me
a
help
when
I
had
car
trouble.
②Once,
my
car
broke
down
and
I
needed
a
Jack
to
change
a
new
tire.
The
Mexican
family
did
what
they
could
to
help
me
on
their
way
home,
such
as,
the
daughter
helped
expressed
in
English
what
the
father
wanted
to
conveyed,
the
father
cut
a
log
out
to
support
the
small
Jack,
and
the
mother
hurriedly
ran
to
buy
a
new
tire
iron
because
I
broke
their
previous
one.??
③I
was
happy
and
finally
made
it
togave
the
money
to
the
mother.??
主题：根据以上整理出来的事件脉络，不难发现这篇文章在事件上主要体现这一家人对我的帮助（help），而在情感上已从sick
of转变到happy，所以整个故事的主题应是这一家人对我的帮助（help）+改变对陌生人的看法和认识。
三、【写作指导】：“前”、“中”、“后”让事情“做”得更“圆满”
说明：“前”要衔接已给首句
“中”描写过程
“后”衔接第二段首句
文本最想强调的情感点就在于想通过the
Mexican
family对我的help改变我对陌生人的看法和认识。所以在“写”的情节构思和推断上，绝不可以脱离故事的主题的，所以续写的两段必须紧扣这一主题。
1.?确定第一段段落大意及情节推断
根据两段已给首句的关键词（标红色）和主题（help）确定第一段的主要内容：
When
I
was
about
to
say
goodbye,?the
girl
asked
if
I’d
had
lunch.
After
they
left,
I
got
into
my
Jeep
and?opened?the
paper
bag.
由两段的关键词和主题，我们可以得出第一段的主要内容应是他们邀请我“一起吃午饭”。这是一件需要“做”的事情，所以可以采用“前”、“中”、“后”推断情节先后的方法。
2.?确定第二段段落大意及情节推断
根据第二段的首句After
they
left,
I
got
into
my
Jeep
and?opened
the
paper
bag.和主题这一家人对我的帮助改变我对陌生人的看法和认识，以及结尾正能量的原则，可以确定第二段的主要内容应是写我对陌生人的看法和认识的改变，涉及到所看所感所想所做，回应前文。
明线：I
was
sick
of
the
way
most
people
hadn’t
bothered
to
help.
暗线：预示结果会对人性的价值重构
明线：put
a
20
dallors
bill
暗线：无私乐助精神的反射
明线：Mexico
farm
暗线：为之后可能相遇打伏笔
明线：had
lunch
暗线：乐助和友善的信号
明线：paper
bag
暗线：情节焦点（主题正增强）
初步稿：
When
I
was
about
to
say
goodbye,
the
girl
asked
if
I’d
had
lunch.
“Not
yet,
because
I
have
been
waiting
here
for
three
hours,”
I
said.She
told
me
that
they
didn’t
have
it
either
and
invited
me
together.Afterwards,
the
girl
took
out
a
large
basket
from
the
truck,
which
contained
many
kinds
of
fruit.With
pride
and
joy,
she
explained
that
these
were
specialty
from
Mexico.
So
we
sat
on
the
roadside
to
share
them,chatting
like
old
friends
we
hadn’t
seen
for
a
long
time.Throughout
the
conversation,
they
shared
with
me
the
pretty
experience
in
Mexico
and
welcomed
me
to
visit
them
at
any
time.When
it
was
time
to
leave,
the
girl’s
mother
handed
me
a
paper
bag
of
fruit.With
deepest
gratitude,
I
saw
them
off.
After
they
left,
I
got
into
my
jeep
and
opened
the
paper
bag.Much
to
my
surprise,
I
found
the
$20
bill
I
had
stuffed
into
the
girl’s
mother.There
existed
a
note,
saying“We
had
got
your
great
gratitude
and
helping
you
is
the
right
thing
to
do.”
Moved
by
their
words,
I
suddenly
felt
that
there
were
still
kind-hearted
people
in
the
world
willing
to
help
me,although
I
encountered
a
lot
of
indifference.From
then
on,
I
made
a
decision
to
put
a
big
jack
on
my
big
jeep,
longing
to
help
more
like
me
who
used
to
ask
for
help
on
the
road
to
the
best
of
my
ability.
分析方法
细读首句，构思框架
两段首句定一框?由所给的第一段首句与第二段首句确定第一框的主要内容；
一框首句呼应所给的第一段首句，一框尾句呼应所给的第二段首句；
二框二首正能量??二框的首句呼应所给的第二段首句，二框尾句由正能量的结尾来确定。
Paragraph
1
的开头是“就在我要说再见的时候，女孩问我是否吃过午饭了。”可知，一框的写作主要内容是作者和墨西哥家庭一块儿吃午饭的过程。一框的首句应写对女孩问题的回答，回答之前的心里所想——想起来自己还没吃午饭；一框的尾句呼应所给的第二段的首句，应写我收到了墨西哥家庭给我的一个纸袋。
Paragraph
2的开头“在他们离开后，我上了吉普车，打开纸袋。”可知，二框的写作主要内容是作者在纸袋里发现什么，以及自己对这一次经历的感悟。二框的首句应写我打开纸袋，发现了我给的钱；二框的尾句应以我想把这种互助的行为传递下去，呈现正能量。
增加细节，开始写作
在已定框架范围内，依据情节推断故事中人物所见、所闻、所思、所说、所做等给每段增加5至8个具体细节，我们称之为叫“58细节添加法”。
Paragraph1?When
I
was
about
to
say
goodbye,
the
girl
asked
if
I'd
had
lunch.
1.?增加细节
所思：意识没吃午饭???????
所说：没吃午饭
所做：女孩邀请作者加入午饭，作者接过三明治以及纸袋
所感：这是吃过最美味的三明治
2.开始写作
?1:听到他说的话，我意识到我没有吃午饭。
（非谓语+what宾从，主+谓+that宾从）
______________________________________________________________________
2.????老实说工作了几个小时后，我非常饿了。（after+doing,主+系+表）
______________________________________________________________________
3.????感觉到一点尴尬，我回复道，不。（feeling+adj,主+谓...）
______________________________________________________________________
4.????女孩子带着微笑说，过来加入我们吧，墨西哥三明治很美味。
（主+谓+with+n,"..."）
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
5.????带着感动的泪水在眼睛里打转，我拿过了三明治。（with+n+doing,主+谓+...）
______________________________________________________________________
6.????像一只狼一样的吃了之后，我觉得这是我吃过最美味的三明治。
（after+doing...,主+felt
that表从...）
______________________________________________________________________
7.????然后女孩的妈妈放了另一块三明治在一个纸袋中递给我，温柔地说，“拿着，等会再吃，现在我们得走了。”（主+谓1...+and+谓2...,非谓语+...）
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph2?After
they
left,
I
got
into
my
Jeep
and
opened
the
paper
bag.
1.?????增加细节
所见：纸袋中有三明治，水果和我的钱???????????????
所感：无限感激
所做：放千斤顶和一些常用的工具
所想：要像墨西哥一家一样地帮助更多的人
2.开始写作
1.让我很惊讶的是，袋子里有一块三明治,水果和我给的钱。
（what主从+was
that
there
was
+主1+主2+given...）
_____________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
2.????紧紧地握着纸袋，我定的站在那里，一股暖流涌上我的心头。
（非谓语...,
主+谓+...,+独立主格：n+doing...）
_____________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
3.????我是多么的感激这个帮助我的家庭。（how+adj+主+系+...）
______________________________________________________________________
4.????虽然我在路上遇到的大多数人是冷漠的，但是然而有一些像这个家庭成员一样的人们，他们是多么的乐于助人和体贴。
(although+主+定从+系+表，there+be+主+...+定从)
?
?
5.????从那时起，我放一个千斤顶和一些常用的工具在我的小车里。（主+谓+宾+介词短语）
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
6.????当在路上遇到需要的人们，我会像这个家人一样竭尽所能地帮助他们。
（when+doing...,主+谓+宾+...）
__________________________________________________________________
7.只有这样越来越多的人才会有互相帮助。
(only
in
this
way,?情态动词+主+动原+...)
参考答案：
When
I
was
about
to
say
goodbye,
the
girl
asked
if
I’d
had
lunch.Hearing
what
she
said,
I
realized
that
I
didn’t
have
lunch.To
be
honest,
after
working
hard
for
several
hours,
I
was
so
hungry.
Feeling
a
bit
embarrassed,
I
replied:
“no!”The
girl
said
with
a
smile,
“Come
on!
Join
us.The
Mexicon
sandwich
is
delicious!”
With
moved
tears
rolling
around
my
eyes,
I
took
the
sandwich.After
eating
it
like
wolf,
I
felt
that
it
was
the
tasty
sandwich
that
I
had
ever
had.While
dining,
I
talked
about
my
trouble
and
feelings
and
they
shared
their
interesting
stories
in
the
life.Then,
the
girl’s
mother
had
another
sandwich
and
some
fruit
place
din
a
paper
bag
and
handed
it
to
me,saying
gently:
“Keep
it
and
have
it
later!
We
had
to
go
now.”?I
showed
my
heartfelt
gratitude
to
them
and
saw
them
disappear
in
my
sight.
After
they
left,
I
got
into
my
jeep
and
opened
the
paper
bag.
What
surprised
me
a
lot
was
that
there
was
a
sandwich,fruit
and
the
bill
given
by
me.Holding
the
paper
bag
tightly,
I
stood
still,
a
warm
current
rising
in
my
heart.How
grateful
was
I
to
the
family
helping
me.
Although
most
of
people
I
met
on
the
road
were
indifferent,
there
were
still
some
people
like
this
family
who
was
so
helpful
and?thoughtful.From
then
on,
I
placed
a
jack
and
some
common
tools
in
my
car.When
meeting
people
in
need
on
the
road
,I
would
try
my
best
to
help
them
like
the
family.Only
in
this
way,
could
more
and
more
people
help
each
other
in
the
future.
延伸学习
shrug
one’s?shoulder????????
耸肩膀（表否定回应）
talk
merrily?????????
开心聊天
to
our
heart’s
content????????
尽情
express
my
appreciation
????????
表达谢意
timely
assistance
???????
及时帮忙
showed
me
hospitality????????
表达热情
detailed
address????????
详细信息
filled
with
gratitude?
?
?
??
充满感恩
give
sb?a
light
hug?
?
?
?
轻轻拥抱
bid
farewell
to
the
family?????????
道别
at
this
point????????
此时此刻
spot????????
发现
serve?as?????????
担当
constant
reminder????????
时刻回忆
owe
to?????????
亏欠
eliminate????????
消除
prejudice
against?????????
对……的偏见
offer
a
helping
hand??????????
施予援手