人教新目标英语八年级下册Unit 4 Why don't you talk to your parents单元同步训练（含解析）

人教新目标英语八年级下册
Unit 4 Why don't you talk to your parents?单元同步训练
一、单项选择题（下列选项中只有一个选项满足题意）
1．—To our surprise, the poor boy got into a very good university.
—Yeah, difficulties and hardship could ______ the best in him.
A．go out B．work out C．bring out D．hang out
2．—I didn’t wear enough warm clothes yesterday. Now I have a cold.
—I’m sorry to hear that. I think you _______ lie down and rest.
A．mustn’t B．should C．shouldn’t D．would
3．That house________fire because lighting hit it.
A．started B．caused C．caught D．began
4．—Jack _________ to help at the underground station on Sundays.
—Cool! I’d like to join him next Sunday.
A．offers B．provides C．forgets D．writes
5．We often _________ /k?m?pe?(r)/ teachers to candles.
A．carry B．compete C．compare D．control
6．—Driving after drinking wine is really a had habit.
—That's true. Every year, it ________ a lot of traffic accidents.
A．happens B．causes C．provides D．stops
7．—What do you think of the English book?
—It is great. It tells me some practical ways to learn English.
A．quick B．right C．helpful
8．—Did Linda go to help clean up the city parks?
—No, Linda was ill so Mike went ________.
A．anyway B．too C．again D．instead
9．He couldn’t run __________to catch up with the cat.
A．enough fast B．quick enough C．fast enough D．enough quickly
10．The box will be too heavy for you to ________. Why not ask someone to help you?
A．throw B．change C．offer D．carry
11．We will have a picnic tomorrow. But if it rains, we'll play chess ________.
A．even B．almost C．perhaps D．instead
12．The book, ________ Henry's opinion, is the best book on the subject.
A．for B．about C．at D．in
13．—Peter, please show your ________ about the problem.
— I think it seems hard, but there must be a way to solve it.
A．relation B．resolution C．result D．opinion
14．—What does the word “________” mean?
—Giving something to someone.
A．foreign B．offer C．discuss D．language
15．—Do you think young people should _________ their seats to the old.
—Yes, because everyone will be old one day.
A．provide B．offer C．lend D．show
二、完型填空
“Today is going to be great.” thought Kate. Her best friend Sarah was not at school last week 16 her grandmother died. Without (没有) Sarah, everything became 17 to Kate.
Today Sarah is coming back and things are going to be good. Kate thought that Sarah must be very sad. She hoped Sarah would be feeling better by now.
But when Kate saw Sarah get on the bus, Sarah 18 to be different. She tried to 19 , but she didn’t look happy. Kate had 20 to tell Sarah, but she wasn’t really listening. She even 21 talked at all. What was going on?
When your friends are in trouble, you might be able to help them. But 22 ? Just still being a(an) 23 is important. When your friend is feeling sad, how nice it feels 24 a good friend around! You may feel shy about it, but it might be a good idea to show how much you 25 her or him. 26 , Kate could say, Sarah, I'm sorry about your 27 . That’s a way for Kate to let Sarah know that she feels 28 for her. It may help Sarah start talking about her feelings. However, it's OK 29 Sarah doesn't want to talk about it. Kate could 30 say, “If you want to talk about it later on, I will listen.”
16．A．and B．though C．because D．so
17．A．boring B．bored C．interesting D．interested
18．A．hoped B．decided C．seemed D．chose
19．A．smile B．understand C．appear D．wait
20．A．little B．a lot C．a little D．nothing
21．A．hardly B．almost C．always D．also
22．A．when B．what C．how D．why
23．A．friend B．parent C．teacher D．character
24．A．to lose B．to see C．to draw D．to choose
25．A．talk about B．look after C．take care of D．care about
26．A．Such as B．In fact C．So far D．For example
27．A．brother B．sister C．grandma D．grandpa
28．A．sad B．unsuccessful C．meaningless D．uncomfortable
29．A．after B．or C．if D．before
30．A．cheaply B．loudly C．quickly D．simply
三、阅读理解
Everyone needs friends. There is an old saying, "Friends are God's way of taking care of us." But how do you find real friendship and keep it?
The American writer Sally Seamans tells young students some smart ways to find friends. Sally says founding friendship is just like planting a tree. You plant the seed（种子）and take care of it to make it grow.
First, you should choose a friend. What makes a good friend? It is not because a person has money or good looks. A good friend should be kind and patient. For example, if you have a bad day, a good friend should listen to your complaints（抱怨）and do his best to help. To make a good friend, you cannot be too shy. You should make each other happy and share your lives.
But things cannot always be happy. Even the best friends have fights. What should you do when you have a fight with your friend? You have to talk to him or her. When there is no one around, have an honest（诚实的）talk. If he or she doesn't want to talk, you could write a letter.
If you want to be friends again, you can take these steps: Tell him or her how you are feeling; say what your friend has done wrong; explain（解释）why you did this or that.
Remember that friendship is the most important thing in your life.
31．Sally wants to tell students the way to ___________.
A．find friends B．plant trees C．get happy D．keep fit
32．What makes good friends?
A．Having fights. B．Being kind and patient.
C．Having lots of money. D．Having good looks.
33．According to（根据）the passage, you can __________ your friend after a fight.
A．buy a present for B．never say a word to
C．have dinner with D．write a letter to
34．How many steps can you follow to be friends again?
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.
35．What's the main idea of the passage?
A．Young people and friendship. B．The problems of growing up.
C．The good friends around you. D．Ways to find friends and keep them.
四、用单词的正确形式完成句子
five, cloud, harm, different, keep
36．Can you tell me the ________ of these two?
37．Eating unhealthy food is ________ for your health.
38．About three ________ of the students in our school are boys.
39．There are some dark ________ so I think it's going to rain soon.
40．Make sure ________ calm when an earthquake happens.
五、完成句子
41．虽然她错了，但这不是大事情。
________ she’s wrong, it’s ________ _________ _________ _________.
42．汤姆打算明年成为足球队的一员。
Tom is going to________next year.
43．——我头疼，并且我的脖子动不了。我应该做什么呢？我应该量体温吗？
——不，听起来你不像发烧。
—I have a headache and I can't move my neck.________ ______ ______ ______?
Should I________ ______ ______?
—No,________ ______ ______ ______you have a fever.
44．依我看，我们的新老师严厉而亲切。
_________ _________ _________, our new teacher is strict but kind.
45．你难以想象济南发展的速度如此之快。
You can never _________ how fast the _________ of Jinan is.
六、书面表达
假如你是Li Ping，请根据以下写作要点写一封80词左右的email，向你的朋友Tom说明自己不能去参加他的生日宴会。
写作要点：
1. 感谢邀请；
2. 道歉，说明你不能去参加他的生日宴会。
3. 简要说明你不能参加的理由：
(1) 奶奶卧病在床需要人照顾；
(2) 父母出差要到香港下个月才能回来；
(3) 自己的英语不是很好，英语考试即将来临，要为英语考试准备，多做听力练习；
4. 告诉Tom你感到十分抱歉，请他见谅。祝他生日快乐！
写作要求：
1.不得使用真实的姓名和学校名；
2.可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。
3.字迹工整、语言精练、表达准确、条理清楚；
4.至少80词。（不含已写出的英文）
Dear Tom,
Thank you very much for inviting me to your birthday party.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best Wishes!
Yours,
Li Ping
参考答案
1．C
【详解】
句意：——令我们吃惊的是，这个贫穷的男孩进入了一个非常好的大学。——耶！困难和困苦能激发他最好的一面。
考查动词短语辨析。go out外出，熄灭；work out算出，想出；bring out出版，使出现，激发；hang out闲逛。根据语境“the poor boy got into a very good university”可知，困难和困苦激发出了这个贫穷男孩最好的一面，所以他进入了一个非常好的大学。C选项符合语境，故选C。
2．B
【详解】
句意：——昨天我没有穿足够暖和的衣服。现在我感冒了。——听到这个消息我很难过。我想你应该躺下休息。
考查情态动词。mustn't禁止；should应该；shouldn't不应该；would将要；根据“I didn’t wear enough warm clothes yesterday. Now I have a cold.”以及“lie down and rest”可知，此处是建议对方躺下休息，用should提出建议，表示“应该”，故选B。
3．C
【详解】
句意：因为闪电击中了这座房子，所以它着火了。
考查动词词义辨析。started意为“开始”；caused意为“引起；导致”；caught意为“追赶；抓”；began意为“开始”。根据“because lighting hit it”可知，因为闪电击中了房子，所以它着火了。catch fire意为“着火”。故选C。
4．A
【详解】
句意：——Jack在周日主动在地铁站帮忙。——太酷了！下周日我想加入他。
考查动词辨析。offers提供；provides提供；forgets忘记；writes写。根据“Jack … to help at the underground station on Sundays”可知，他主动在地铁站帮忙，offter to do sth“主动做某事”，故选A。
5．C
【详解】
句意：我们经常把老师比作蜡烛。
考查单词的读音。carry[?k?ri]搬；compete[k?m?pi?t]竞争；compare[k?m?pe?(r)]将……比作；control[k?n?tr??l]控制；根据题目中音标提示可知，此处是单词compare，此处构成短语compare…to，表示“把……比作”，故选C。
6．B
【详解】
句意：——酒后驾车真是个坏习惯。——的确。每年它都引起很多交通事故。
考查动词辨析。happen发生；cause引起，导致；provide提供；stop停止。根据句意和常识可知，“Driving after drinking”导致交通事故，B选项符合语境，故选B。
7．C
【详解】
句意：——你认为这本英语书怎么样？——它很好。它告诉我一些实用的学习英语的方法。
考查形容词辨析。practical实用的；quick迅速的；right正确的；helpful有帮助的。分析“It tells me some practical ways to learn English.”可知，此处修饰学习英语的方法，helpful符合语境，与practical语意相近，故选C。
8．D
【详解】
句意：——琳达去帮助打扫城市公园了吗？——不，琳达病了，所以迈克代替她去了。
考查副词。anyway无论如何；too也；again也；instead代替；根据“Linda was ill”可知，此处说的是Mike代替Linda去了，所以用instead“代替”，是一个副词，故选D。
9．C
【详解】
句意：他跑得不够快抓不住这只猫。本题考查副词及enough的用法。quick通常为形容词，快速的；quickly副词，快速地；fast形容词或副词，表示“快速的”或“快速地”；根据句意可知，本句谓语动词为run；修饰动词run需要用副词fast或quickly，但enough作状语修饰副词时要后置。not...enough to do sth.意为“不足以做某事”。故选C。
10．D
【详解】
句意：这个箱子太重了，你搬不动。为什么不找个人帮你？
考查动词辨析。throw扔；change改变；offer提供；carry搬。由“The box will be too heavy for you to…”可知，此处指箱子太重了，搬不动。故选D。
11．D
【详解】
句意：我们明天要去野餐。但如果下雨，我们就下棋。
考查副词辨析。even甚至；almost几乎；perhaps也许；instead代替。由“We will have a picnic tomorrow. But if it rains…”可知，我们明天要去野餐，如果下雨，就用下棋代替野餐。故选D。
12．D
【详解】
句意：在Henry看来，这本书是有关这个问题的最好的书。
考查介词辨析。for为了；about关于；at在；in按照。固定搭配：in one's opinion“在某人看来”，故选D。
13．D
【详解】
句意：——彼得，请谈谈你对这个问题的看法。——我认为它似乎很难，但一定有办法解决。
考查名词辨析。relation关系；resolution决心；result结果；opinion意见，想法，根据所给空后面的“about the problem”和“I think it seems hard, but there must be a way to solve it”可知，应该是谈谈你对这个问题的看法，故选D。
14．B
【详解】
句意：——单词 offer是什么意思？ ——给某人某物。
考查单词辨析。foreign外国的；offer提供；discuss讨论；language语言；根据答句“Giving something to someone. 给某人某物。”可知，用“offer”故选B。
15．B
【详解】
句意：——你认为年轻人应该给老人让座吗？——是的，因为每个人都有变老的一天。
考查动词辨析。provide提供；offer提供，自愿给予；lend借出；show展示。根据“young people should ... their seats to the old”可知是问应不应该让座，offer sth. to sb.是固定搭配，此处表示主动让座。故选B。
16．C17．A18．C19．A20．B21．A22．C23．A24．B25．D26．D27．C28．A29．C30．C
【分析】
本文是记叙文。凯特的好朋友莎拉由于奶奶去世了，上周没有来学校，当她再次回学校的时候，凯特并不知道如何帮助自己的好朋友。本文借由这件事，向我们介绍了当好朋友遇到麻烦的时候，我们应该怎么办。
16．
句意：她最好的朋友莎拉因为奶奶过世了上周没有来学校。
and和，表并列；though尽管，表让步；because因为，表原因；so 因此，表结果。根据题干“…her grandmother died”，可知Sarah没来学校是因为奶奶去世了，这里需用because引导原因状语从句。故选C。
17．
句意：没有了莎拉，凯特觉得一切都很无聊。
boring无聊的；bored感觉无聊的；interesting有趣的；interested对……感兴趣的。根据下文“Today Sarah is coming back and things are going to be good”，可知没有莎拉的日子是无聊的；everything表物，故选A。
18．
句意：但是当凯特看到萨拉上了车，萨拉似乎变了。
hoped希望；chose选择；decided决定；seemed看起来。根据“But when Kate saw Sarah get on the bus…”，可知是作者看到Sarah时感觉她不同以往，用seem to be表示“看起来……”，故选C。
19．
句意：她试着微笑，但是她看起来不开心。
smile微笑；appear出现；wait等候；understand 理解。but表转折，根据下文“... but she didn’t look happy.”，可知她想试着微笑，故选A。
20．
句意：凯特有很多话要跟莎拉说，但她并没有认真听。
little少许；a lot很多；a little一些；nothing没有什么。根据“…but she wasn’t really listening.”联系凯特渴望再次见到莎拉，可推测她有很多事要告诉她。故选B。
21．
句意：她甚至几乎不说话。
hardly几乎不；always总是；almost几乎；also也。even表示程度上的加深，根据上文“but she wasn’t really listening.”，可知莎拉没有听她说话，此处应该是甚至没有跟她聊天。hardly表否定，故选A。
22．
句意：但是怎么做呢？
when当……时；what什么；how怎样；why 为什么。根据“When your friends are in trouble, you might be able to help them.”，可知此处表示如何帮助处于困境的朋友，因此用疑问词how。故选C。
23．
句意：仅仅做一个朋友是很重要的。
friend朋友；parent父母；teacher教师；character角色。根据下文“When your friend is feeling upset, how nice it feels…a good friend around!”，可知此处说的是作为一个朋友，在自己朋友的身边。后面三项不合语境，故选A。
24．
句意：当你的朋友难过的时候，看到一个好朋友在身边是多么美好的感觉！
lose失去；see看见；draw画；choose选择。根据下文“... a good friend around!”可知，此处应该是“看到”朋友在身边。故选B。
25．
句意：也许你会因此而感到害羞，但这也许是一个好主意，表明你是多么在乎她或他。
talk about谈论；look after照顾；take care of照看；care about关心。由“but it might be a good idea…”可知，这里的好想法指的是陪伴在好朋友身边，所以朋友之间这样做是对对方的关心。故选D。
26．
句意：例如，凯特可以说，莎拉，我为你奶奶的事感到遗憾。
Such as例如；In fact事实上；So far到目前为止；For example例如。根据下文“That’s a way for Kate to let Sarah know that she feels sad for her”，可知此处是举例说明如何表达关心，排除B 和C。such as通常用于列举事物，而for example举一个例子来说明，可作插入语，故选D。
27．
句意：莎拉，我为你奶奶的事感到遗憾。
brother兄/弟；sister姐/妹；grandma祖母；grandpa祖父。根据前文“last week…her grandmother died”，可知为莎拉奶奶的去世感到遗憾，故选C。
28．
句意：让莎拉知道，她为她感到难过。
sad悲伤的；unsuccessful不成功的；meaningless无意义的；uncomfortable不舒服的。根据“Sarah, I’m sorry about your grandma.”，可知此处表示的是“悲伤”。故选A。
29．
句意：然而，如果莎拉不想谈论太多，也是可以的。
after在……之后；or或者；否则；if如果；before 在……之前。根据下文“If you want to talk about it later on, I will listen.”可知，此处表示的是如果朋友不想说的情况；if符合语境，故选C。
30．
句意：凯特可以简单地说，如果你以后想谈谈，我愿意听。
cheaply便宜地；loudly大声地；simply简单地；quickly快速地。根据下文“If you want to talk about it later on, I will listen.”可知，此处是假设莎拉不想谈论此事，凯特只需说：如果之后想说，自己会听。ABD三项不符合语境，故选C 。
31．A32．B33．D34．B35．D
【分析】
本文主要讲述了我们该如何找寻并保持友谊的方法。
31．
细节理解题。根据第二段“The American writer Sally Seamans tells young students some smart ways to find friends.”可知，Sally告诉学生们找寻朋友的方式。故选A。
32．
细节理解题。根据第三段“What makes a good friend?…A good friend should be kind and patient.”可知，善良和耐心可以帮助成为好朋友。故选B。
33．
细节理解题。根据第四段“What should you do when you have a fight with your friend?…If he or she doesn't want to talk, you could write a letter.”可知，当和朋友打架后，可以给自己的朋友写信。故选D。
34．
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“If you want to be friends again, you can take these steps: Tell him or her how you are feeling; say what your friend has done wrong; explain（解释）why you did this or that.”可知，若想再次成为好朋友，可以采取三个步骤：告诉他或她你的感受；说出你的朋友做错了什么；解释你为什么这样或那样做。故选B。
35．
主旨大意题。根据第一段“But how do you find real friendship and keep it?”及全文可知，本文主要向我们介绍了如何找寻并保持友谊的方法。故选D。
36．differences
37．harmful
38．fifths
39．clouds
40．to keep
【分析】
36．
句意：你能告诉我两者之间的差别吗？根据“the ... of these two”可知是两者的区别，用different的名词形式difference表示“差别”，此处指具体的差别，作可数名词，用其复数形式。故填differences。
37．
句意：吃不健康的食物对你的健康有害。根据“Eating unhealthy food”及常识可知不健康食物对健康有害，“is”后接harm的形容词形式harmful表示“有害的”。故填harmful。
38．
句意：我们学校大约五分之三的学生是男孩。根据“About three ... of the students”可知此处是分数，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子“three”大于1，分母用five的序数词形式fifth加-s。故填fifths。
39．
句意：有一些乌云，所以我想很快就要下雨了。根据“so I think it's going to rain soon”可知要下雨了，由此可推出有乌云，根据“some”可知此处用cloud的复数形式clouds。故填clouds。
40．
句意：地震发生时，一定要保持冷静。根据“when an earthquake happens”及常识可知地震发生时要保持冷静，keep calm保持冷静；make sure to do sth.一定要做某事。故填to keep。
41．Though not a big deal
【详解】
虽然：though；一件大事情：a big deal。though引导让步状语从句，放句首，首字母大写；后句是否定句，在be动词后加not；a big deal作be动词的表语，放于be动词后面。故填Though；not；a；big；deal。
42．make the soccer/football team
【详解】
结合可知空格处表达成为足球队一员，make the soccer football team进足球队，成为足球队一员，be going to do sth.打算做某事，为一般将来时的构成方式，应填原形，故填make the soccer/football team。
43．What should I do take my temperature You shouldn’t sound like
【详解】
表示“我应该做什么呢？”用What should I do? take one’s temperature“量体温”，此处主语是I,故为take my temperature。sound like“听起来像”，故此处为You shouldn’t sound like。故此处为What should I do? take my temperature。You shouldn’t sound like。
44．In my opinion
【详解】
根据语境可知，句子使用短语“in one’s opinion”根据某人的看法，依某人看来。in my opinion依我看来。故填In；my；opinion。
45．imagine development
【详解】
根据中英文对比可知，空格处应填意为“想象”和“发展”的单词。根据句子结构，第一空应填动词，第二空应填名词。imagine作动词，意为“想象”，且位于情态动词can后，故应用动词原形；development作名词，意为“发展”，根据空格后is提示，development应用单数形式。故填imagine；development。
六．One possible version
Dear Tom,
Thank you very much for inviting me to your birthday party. I’d love to go but I can’t. I have to look after my grandma because she is ill in bed. And my parents are out on business in Hong Kong. They are coming back next month. Also, my English is not so good. I must do more listening practice. I need to study for my coming English exam. I’m very sorry that I can’t go to your party.
Thank you for inviting me. I hope you can have a good time. Happy birthday!
Best Wishes!
Yours,
Li Ping
【详解】
1.题干解读：该题目属于应用文写作，写作文体是邮件。在写作时应承接邮件开头，按照邮件的格式来写；首先是称呼；然后是正文内容，正文包含三个方面的内容：感谢对方的邀请，拒绝对方的邀请，叙述拒绝的理由；结尾告诉对方自己无法参加的歉意以及对对方的祝福；最后落款，署名。
2.写作指导：本文应该用第一人称来叙述；时态采用一般现在时为主；按照邮件的格式叙述内容；表达拒绝别人的邀请时，语言表达要委婉，态度要温和；叙述拒绝的理由时，层次分明，条理清楚，内容得当；表达歉意时，诚恳真诚。