练习07-语法1：简单句的五种基本句型
【练习导航】
一、按照要求，写出下列画线句子的成分。
1.
The_theatre_tickets
have
sold
out.
_________________
2.
This
kind
of
cloth
washes
well.
_________________
3.
Could
you
give
me
the
letter？_________________
4.
I
will_study
hard
to
learn
English
well._________________
5.
He
is
a
very_kind
lady._________________
6.
His
wish
is
to
become
a
scientist._________________
7.
He
noticed
a
man
enter
the
room._________________
8.
Would
you
tell
me
your
advice?_________________
9.
I
opened
the
window
to
let
some
fresh
air
in._________________
10.
It
makes
no
difference
whether
he
will
come
or
not.
_________________
【答案】
1.
主语
2.
状语
3.
宾语
4.
谓语
5.
定语
6.表语
7.
宾语补足语
8.
me为间接宾语；your
advice为直接宾语
9.状语
10.it为形式主语；whether
he
will
come
or
not为真正的主语
二、单项选择
1.
What
is
the
sentence
pattern
of
the
sentence
“We
must
keep
our
classroom
clean.”?
A．S+V+O+OC
B．S+V+P
C．S+V+IO+DO
D．S+V+O
2.
Which
is
the
sentence
pattern
of
“Uncle
Li
bought
me
a
dictionary.”?
A．S
+
V
+
O
B．S
+
V
+
IO
+
DO
C．S
+
V
D．S
+
V
+
O
+
OC
3.
What
is
the
sentence
pattern
of
"Do
you
love
me?"
A．S+V
B．S+V+O
C．S+V+P
D．S+V+O+OC
4.
The
sentence
structure
of
‘We
made
her
monitor.’
is________.
A．S+V+
IO
+DO
B．S+V+O+OC
C．S+V+P
D．S+V+O
5.
Which
is
the
right
sentence
structure
of
"I
saw
the
boy
standing
on
the
other
side
of
the
road."?
A．S+V+DO
B．S+V+P
C．S+V+IO+DO
D．S+V+DO+OC
6.
The
sentence
structure
of
"I
had
little
sleep
last
night.
"
is________
A．S+V+O
B．S+V
+P
C．S+V
+IO+
DO
D．S+V+DO
+
OC
7.
What
kind
of
structure
is
the
sentence
“The
girl
showed
her
classmates
some
photos.”?
A．S+V+O
B．S+V+P
C．S+V+IO+DO
D．S+V+DO+OC
8.
Driving
brings
the
young
man
happiness.
The
sentence
structure
is
A．S+V+P
B．S+V+O
C．S+V+IO+DO
D．S+V+DO+OC
9.
The
sentence
pattern
of
"
I
enjoy
living
in
Gansu."
is
________.
A．S+V+O
B．S+V+P
C．S+V
+IO+
DO
D．S+V
+DO+
OC
10.
The
structure
of
the
sentence
“Mr.
Green
finds
the
art
work
very
valuable.”
is
________.
A．S+V
B．S+V+O
C．S+V+DO+OC
D．S+V+IO+DO
【答案】
1-5
ABBBD
6-10
ACCAC
三、汉译英
根据中文和句型要求，用英语翻译下列句子。
1.
这个想法起效了。（S+V）
___________________________________________________________________________
2.
你应该享受英语。（S+V+O）
___________________________________________________________________________
3.
他们帮助人们过上更好的生活。（S+V+O+C）
___________________________________________________________________________
4.
校长给整个学校做了一个演讲。（S+V+IO+DO）或（S+V+DO+IO）
_________________________________________________________________________
5.
现在计算机变得越来越小，越来越好。（S+V+P）
__________________________________________________________________________
6.
那个可怜人已经死了。（S+V）
___________________________________________________________________________
7.
她给我们唱了一首英文歌曲。(主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾)
___________________________________________________________________________
8.
你们的贡献将会使得这次活动获得巨大成功。(主＋谓＋宾＋宾补)
___________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
1.
The
idea
worked.
2.
You
should
enjoy
English.
3.
They
help
people
live
a
better
life.
4.
The
head
teacher
gave
a
speech
to
the
whole
school.或
The
head
teacher
gave
the
whole
school
a
speech.
5.
Now
computers
are
becoming
smaller
and
better.
6.
The
poor
man
has
died.
7.
She
sang
us
an
English
song.
8.
Your
contribution
will
certainly
make
the
event
a
huge
success.
四、单句语法填空
1.You
sang
______________
(beautiful)
last
night,
which
amazed
all
of
us
(we).
2.What
I
really
want
is
______________
(improve)
my
ability
to
communicate
with
others.
3.He
found
______________
important
to
master
English.
4.He
asked
me
______________
(come)
back
soon.
5.Computers
are
______________(use)
in
people’s
life.
6.He
succeeded
in
______________(finish)
the
work
in
time.
7.I
often
hear
her
______________
(sing)
in
the
next
room.
【答案】
1.beautifully
；us
2.
to
improve
3.
it
4.
to
come
5.
useful
6.finishing
7.singing
【指导迷津】简单句的五种基本句型
一、句子成分
根据英语词汇在英语句子中的地位和作用，英语句子的成分可分为主语、谓语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语、同位语及独立成分等。
1．主语：表示句子所要说明或描述的人或事物，一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当。
The
uncle
is
very
kind
to
us.
叔叔对我们很好。
2．谓语：说明或描述主语的动作、状态或特征，由动词或动词短语充当。
I
will
wait
for
you
at
the
school
gate.
我要在校门口等你。
3．表语：表示主语的身份、性质、状态和特征，一般由名词、形容词或相当于名词、形容词的词、短语或句子充当。
He
looks
very
happy.
他看上去很开心。
4．宾语：指动作所涉及的人或事物，一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当，位于动词之后。
He
wrote
many
stories
他写了许多故事。
5．宾语补足语：用来对宾语进行补充和说明，一般由名词、非谓语动词、形容词等充当。
I've
never
seen
her
dancing.
我从未看见过她跳舞。
6．定语：对名词或代词进行修饰、限制或说明，一般由形容词、名词、代词、数词、介词短语、非谓语动词及句子等充当。
It's
an
interesting
thing.
那是一个有趣的事。
7．状语：用于修饰动词、形容词、副词、短语或整个句子等，一般由副词、介词短语、非谓语动词短语或句子充当。
We
like
English
very
much.
我们非常喜欢英语。
二、五种基本句式
英语中最基本的句式只有五种，其他各种句式都是由基本句式演变而来。五种基本句式如下：
①主语＋谓语(不及物动词)；
②主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋宾语；
③主语＋系动词＋表语；
④主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋间接宾语＋直接宾语；
⑤主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋宾语＋宾语补足语；
1.主语(subject
)＋谓语(verb)
句型特点：谓语动词是不及物动词，本身能表达完整的意思，后面不需接宾语，但有时可接副词、介词短语等作状语。
We
should
exercise
regularly.
我们应该定期锻炼。
2.主语(subject
)＋谓语(verb)＋宾语(object)
句型特点：谓语动词是及物动词，不能表达完整的意思，其后必须要接一个宾语，即动作的承受者。
At
the
age
of
twelve,
I
got
a
nice
bike
as
a
birthday
gift.
十二岁时，我得到了一辆漂亮的自行车作为生日礼物。
3.主语(subject)＋谓语(verb)＋间接宾语(indirect
object)＋直接宾语(direct
object)
句型特点：谓语动词后接有两个宾语，这两个宾语都是动作的对象或承受者，其中指人的是间接宾语，指物的是直接宾语。当间接宾语放在直接宾语之后时，其前通常需要加介词for或to。
Mr
Green
will
give
us
a
speech
on
how
to
learn
English
well.格林先生将就如何学好英语给我们作一场报告。
4.主语(subject)＋谓语(verb)＋宾语(object)＋宾补(complement)
句型特点：谓语动词后虽然已接有一个宾语，但意思还不完整，必须再加上另外一个成分(宾语补足语)对宾语进行补充说明。
To
be
honest,
I
consider
him
my
best
friend.老实说，我认为他是我最好的朋友。
5.主语(subject
)＋系动词(link
verb)＋表语(predicative)
句型特点：动词不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语的身份、特征、类属、状态等的表语。
In
my
opinion，a
person
without
friends
can_never_be_happy.
在我看来，一个没有朋友的人永远不会幸福。练习07-语法1：简单句的五种基本句型
【练习导航】
一、按照要求，写出下列画线句子的成分。
1.
The_theatre_tickets
have
sold
out.
_________________
2.
This
kind
of
cloth
washes
well.
_________________
3.
Could
you
give
me
the
letter？_________________
4.
I
will_study
hard
to
learn
English
well._________________
5.
He
is
a
very_kind
lady._________________
6.
His
wish
is
to
become
a
scientist._________________
7.
He
noticed
a
man
enter
the
room._________________
8.
Would
you
tell
me
your
advice?_________________
9.
I
opened
the
window
to
let
some
fresh
air
in._________________
10.
It
makes
no
difference
whether
he
will
come
or
not.
_________________
二、单项选择
1.
What
is
the
sentence
pattern
of
the
sentence
“We
must
keep
our
classroom
clean.”?
A．S+V+O+OC
B．S+V+P
C．S+V+IO+DO
D．S+V+O
2.
Which
is
the
sentence
pattern
of
“Uncle
Li
bought
me
a
dictionary.”?
A．S
+
V
+
O
B．S
+
V
+
IO
+
DO
C．S
+
V
D．S
+
V
+
O
+
OC
3.
What
is
the
sentence
pattern
of
"Do
you
love
me?"
A．S+V
B．S+V+O
C．S+V+P
D．S+V+O+OC
4.
The
sentence
structure
of
‘We
made
her
monitor.’
is________.
A．S+V+
IO
+DO
B．S+V+O+OC
C．S+V+P
D．S+V+O
5.
Which
is
the
right
sentence
structure
of
"I
saw
the
boy
standing
on
the
other
side
of
the
road."?
A．S+V+DO
B．S+V+P
C．S+V+IO+DO
D．S+V+DO+OC
6.
The
sentence
structure
of
"I
had
little
sleep
last
night.
"
is________
A．S+V+O
B．S+V
+P
C．S+V
+IO+
DO
D．S+V+DO
+
OC
7.
What
kind
of
structure
is
the
sentence
“The
girl
showed
her
classmates
some
photos.”?
A．S+V+O
B．S+V+P
C．S+V+IO+DO
D．S+V+DO+OC
8.
Driving
brings
the
young
man
happiness.
The
sentence
structure
is
A．S+V+P
B．S+V+O
C．S+V+IO+DO
D．S+V+DO+OC
9.
The
sentence
pattern
of
"
I
enjoy
living
in
Gansu."
is
________.
A．S+V+O
B．S+V+P
C．S+V
+IO+
DO
D．S+V
+DO+
OC
10.
The
structure
of
the
sentence
“Mr.
Green
finds
the
art
work
very
valuable.”
is
________.
A．S+V
B．S+V+O
C．S+V+DO+OC
D．S+V+IO+DO
三、汉译英
根据中文和句型要求，用英语翻译下列句子。
1.
这个想法起效了。（S+V）
___________________________________________________________________________
2.
你应该享受英语。（S+V+O）
___________________________________________________________________________
3.
他们帮助人们过上更好的生活。（S+V+O+C）
___________________________________________________________________________
4.
校长给整个学校做了一个演讲。（S+V+IO+DO）或（S+V+DO+IO）
_________________________________________________________________________
5.
现在计算机变得越来越小，越来越好。（S+V+P）
__________________________________________________________________________
6.
那个可怜人已经死了。（S+V）
___________________________________________________________________________
7.
她给我们唱了一首英文歌曲。(主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾)
___________________________________________________________________________
8.
你们的贡献将会使得这次活动获得巨大成功。(主＋谓＋宾＋宾补)
___________________________________________________________________________
四、单句语法填空
1.You
sang
______________
(beautiful)
last
night,
which
amazed
all
of
us
(we).
2.What
I
really
want
is
______________
(improve)
my
ability
to
communicate
with
others.
3.He
found
______________
important
to
master
English.
4.He
asked
me
______________
(come)
back
soon.
5.Computers
are
______________(use)
in
people’s
life.
6.He
succeeded
in
______________(finish)
the
work
in
time.
7.I
often
hear
her
______________
(sing)
in
the
next
room.
【指导迷津】简单句的五种基本句型
一、句子成分
根据英语词汇在英语句子中的地位和作用，英语句子的成分可分为主语、谓语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语、同位语及独立成分等。
1．主语：表示句子所要说明或描述的人或事物，一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当。
The
uncle
is
very
kind
to
us.
叔叔对我们很好。
2．谓语：说明或描述主语的动作、状态或特征，由动词或动词短语充当。
I
will
wait
for
you
at
the
school
gate.
我要在校门口等你。
3．表语：表示主语的身份、性质、状态和特征，一般由名词、形容词或相当于名词、形容词的词、短语或句子充当。
He
looks
very
happy.
他看上去很开心。
4．宾语：指动作所涉及的人或事物，一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当，位于动词之后。
He
wrote
many
stories
他写了许多故事。
5．宾语补足语：用来对宾语进行补充和说明，一般由名词、非谓语动词、形容词等充当。
I've
never
seen
her
dancing.
我从未看见过她跳舞。
6．定语：对名词或代词进行修饰、限制或说明，一般由形容词、名词、代词、数词、介词短语、非谓语动词及句子等充当。
It's
an
interesting
thing.
那是一个有趣的事。
7．状语：用于修饰动词、形容词、副词、短语或整个句子等，一般由副词、介词短语、非谓语动词短语或句子充当。
We
like
English
very
much.
我们非常喜欢英语。
二、五种基本句式
英语中最基本的句式只有五种，其他各种句式都是由基本句式演变而来。五种基本句式如下：
①主语＋谓语(不及物动词)；
②主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋宾语；
③主语＋系动词＋表语；
④主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋间接宾语＋直接宾语；
⑤主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋宾语＋宾语补足语；
1.主语(subject
)＋谓语(verb)
句型特点：谓语动词是不及物动词，本身能表达完整的意思，后面不需接宾语，但有时可接副词、介词短语等作状语。
We
should
exercise
regularly.
我们应该定期锻炼。
2.主语(subject
)＋谓语(verb)＋宾语(object)
句型特点：谓语动词是及物动词，不能表达完整的意思，其后必须要接一个宾语，即动作的承受者。
At
the
age
of
twelve,
I
got
a
nice
bike
as
a
birthday
gift.
十二岁时，我得到了一辆漂亮的自行车作为生日礼物。
3.主语(subject)＋谓语(verb)＋间接宾语(indirect
object)＋直接宾语(direct
object)
句型特点：谓语动词后接有两个宾语，这两个宾语都是动作的对象或承受者，其中指人的是间接宾语，指物的是直接宾语。当间接宾语放在直接宾语之后时，其前通常需要加介词for或to。
Mr
Green
will
give
us
a
speech
on
how
to
learn
English
well.格林先生将就如何学好英语给我们作一场报告。
4.主语(subject)＋谓语(verb)＋宾语(object)＋宾补(complement)
句型特点：谓语动词后虽然已接有一个宾语，但意思还不完整，必须再加上另外一个成分(宾语补足语)对宾语进行补充说明。
To
be
honest,
I
consider
him
my
best
friend.老实说，我认为他是我最好的朋友。
5.主语(subject
)＋系动词(link
verb)＋表语(predicative)
句型特点：动词不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语的身份、特征、类属、状态等的表语。
In
my
opinion，a
person
without
friends
can_never_be_happy.
在我看来，一个没有朋友的人永远不会幸福。
