练习10-语法4：关系代词引导的定语从句
【练习导航】
一、用适当的关系代词填空。
1.
The
children
___________
were
injured
in
a
car
accident
are
being
treated
in
the
hospital
now.
2.
The
woman
___________
is
shaking
hands
with
my
sister
is
a
doctor.
3.
This
is
the
most
beautiful
park
___________
I
have
visited.
4.
She
took
photographs
of
the
things
and
people___________
she
was
interested
in.
5.
Look,
here
are
some
people
___________
I
want
you
to
meet.
6.
He
is
the
boy
____________
father
is
a
professor.
7.
His
parents
wouldn't
marry
her
to
anyone
___________
family
was
poor.
8.
Finally
the
thief
handed
in
everything
____________
he
had
stolen
to
the
police.
9.
The
first
thing
___________
he
did
after
arriving
home
was
doing
his
homework.
10.
The
boy
____________
broke
the
window
is
called
Tom.
11.
The
picture
___________was
about
the
accident
was
terrible.
【答案】
1.
who/that
2.
who/that
3.
that
4.
that
5.
who/whom/that
6.
whose
7.
whose
8.
that
9.
that
10.
who/that
11.
which/that
二、单项选择
1.
The
White
House
is
the
workplace
____________
the
president
of
America
works
in.
A．who
B．where
C．which
D．when
2.
The
students
________
wear
school
uniforms
look
smarter.
A．who
B．which
C．whom
D．what
3.
—Do
you
know
everybody
_______
came
to
the
party?
—No,
I
don't
know
the
one
_______
you
talk
with
just
now.
A．who;
/
B．whose;
that
C．that;
which
D．/;
whom
4.
I
still
remember
the
college
and
the
teachers
_______
I
visited
in
Canada
years
ago.
A．what
B．who
C．that
D．which
5.
The
girl
catches
the
flowers
on
a
wedding
will
be
the
next
to
get
married.
A．whom
B．which
C．who
D．whose
6.
—Have
you
found
the
book
________
you
lost
yesterday?
—Yes.
I
left
it
in
the
library.
A．that
B．who
C．where
D．when
7.
We
believe
that
success
always
belongs
to
the
people
________
never
say
“give
up”.
A．whom
B．what
C．who
D．which
8.
—Do
you
know
the
boy___________
got
the
first
prize
in
the
talent
show?
—Of
course.
He's
my
new
neighbor.
A．whose
B．whom
C．which
D．who
9.
—We
teenagers
should
look
up
to
the
people
______
have
made
great
achievements
to
our
country,
like
Yuan
Longping.
—I
think
so.
A．who
B．what
C．which
D．whose
10.
—What
are
you
looking
for?
—I'm
looking
for
the
dictionary
____________
my
brother
gave
me
last
month.
A．that
B．what
C．who
D．whom
11.
Would
you
please
tell
me
about
the
plan
________
you
made
________
your
leave?
A．who;
after
B．what;
when
C．which;
while
D．that;
before
12.
My
mother
doesn't
like
stories
_____have
sad
endings.
A．that
B．who
C．where
D．those
13.
“What
are
you
doing?”
“We
are
talking
about
the
books
and
writers
___
we
like.”
A．that
B．which
C．who
D．whom
14.
—Have
you
seen
the
film
The
Wandering
Earth(流浪地球)
?
—Yes.
It's
the
best
one
I
have
ever
seen.
A．that
B．which
C．what
D．it
15.
–
Do
you
like
the
weekly
talk
show
The
Readers
on
CCTV?
–
Sure.
It’s
a
great
TV
program
can
develop
the
habit
of
reading.
A．who
B．that
C．what
D．whose
【答案】
1-5
CAACC
6-10
ACDAA
11-15
DAAAB
三、汉译英
运用定语从句翻译句子。
1.
这是我上个月买的车。
_______________________________________________________
2.
我能借一下你昨天买的词典吗？
_______________________________________________________
3.
我想带走你昨天给我看的那本书。（take
away）
_______________________________________________________
4.
我更喜欢让我大笑的电影。
_______________________________________________________
5.
我更喜欢能使我思考一些东西的电影。
________________________________________________________
6.
扬州是我去过的最美丽的城市。
________________________________________________________
7.
这个相册是我曾经收到过的最珍贵的礼物。
______________________________________________________
8.
在那边献血的男士似乎三十多岁。
_______________________________________________________
【答案】
1.
This
is
the
car
which
/that
I
bought
last
month.
2.
Could/Can
I
borrow
the
dictionary
(that/which)
you
bought
yesterday?
3.
I
want
to
take
away
the
book
(which/that)
you
showed
me
yesterday.
4.
I
prefer
movies
that
make
me
laugh.
5.
I
prefer
movies
that
give
me
something
to
think
about.
6.
Yangzhou
is
the
most
beautiful
city
that
I
have
ever
been
to.
7.
The
photo
album
is
the
most
valuable
gift
(that)
I
have
ever
received.
8.The
man
who
is
donating
blood
over
there
seems
to
be
in
his
thirties.
【指导迷津】关系代词引导的定语从句
一、定义
1．在主从复合句中，对某一名词或代词起修饰作用的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
2．关系词分为关系代词(that,
which,
who,
whom,
whose,
as等)和关系副词(when,
where,
why等)两类。
二、关系代词的用法
1．who指人，在定语从句中可以充当主语、宾语或表语。
The
man
who
is
talking
with
my
father
is
a
teacher.
正在和我父亲说话的那个人是个教师。
2．whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，可省略，也可用who代替。
The
boy
(whom)
the
teacher
often
praises
is
their
monitor.
老师经常表扬的那个男孩是他们的班长。
3．whose可修饰人，也可修饰物，表“所属”关系，whose在定语从句中作定语。
Nobody
wants
the
house
whose
roof
has
fallen
in.
没有人想要这个屋顶已坍塌的房子。
4．which指事物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可省略。
China
is
a
country
which
has
a
long
history.
中国是一个具有悠久历史的国家。(作主语)
5．that即可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可省略。习惯上指人多用who，whom，指物多用that。
The
woman
(that)
I
read
about
in
the
newspaper
has
just
won
a
gold
medal.
我在报纸上读过那位妇女的相关报道，她刚刚夺得一枚金牌。
三、只能用that而不用which引导定语从句的情况。
1．先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。
This
is
the
most
delicious
food
that
I
have
ever
had.
这是我吃过的最美味的食品。
2．先行词是不定代词，如all,
little,
few,
much,
everything,
anything,
nothing,
none等时。
Have
you
taken
down
everything
that
Mr.
Li
said?
李老师讲的你都记下来了吗？
3．先行词被all,
every,
no,
the
only,
the
very,
the
last等修饰时。
Chatting
was
the
only
thing
that
interested
her
most.
聊天是她唯一感兴趣的事。
4．当先行词既指人，又指物时。
She
took
photographs
of
the
things
and
people
that
she
was
interested
in.
她把她感兴趣的人和物都拍摄了下来。
5．当主语是以who或which开头的疑问句时，为避免重复而用that。
Who
is
the
person
that
is
standing
at
the
gate?
站在门口的那个人是谁？
四、用which不用that的情况
1．在定语从句中作介词的宾语，且介词位于关系代词前时。
This
is
the
room
in
which
he
lives.
这是他住的房间。
2．引导非限制性定语从句时。
Tom
came
back,
which
made
us
very
happy.
汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴。练习10-语法4：关系代词引导的定语从句
【练习导航】
一、用适当的关系代词填空。
1.
The
children
___________
were
injured
in
a
car
accident
are
being
treated
in
the
hospital
now.
2.
The
woman
___________
is
shaking
hands
with
my
sister
is
a
doctor.
3.
This
is
the
most
beautiful
park
___________
I
have
visited.
4.
She
took
photographs
of
the
things
and
people___________
she
was
interested
in.
5.
Look,
here
are
some
people
___________
I
want
you
to
meet.
6.
He
is
the
boy
____________
father
is
a
professor.
7.
His
parents
wouldn't
marry
her
to
anyone
___________
family
was
poor.
8.
Finally
the
thief
handed
in
everything
____________
he
had
stolen
to
the
police.
9.
The
first
thing
___________
he
did
after
arriving
home
was
doing
his
homework.
10.
The
boy
____________
broke
the
window
is
called
Tom.
11.
The
picture
___________was
about
the
accident
was
terrible.
二、单项选择
1.
The
White
House
is
the
workplace
____________
the
president
of
America
works
in.
A．who
B．where
C．which
D．when
2.
The
students
________
wear
school
uniforms
look
smarter.
A．who
B．which
C．whom
D．what
3.
—Do
you
know
everybody
_______
came
to
the
party?
—No,
I
don't
know
the
one
_______
you
talk
with
just
now.
A．who;
/
B．whose;
that
C．that;
which
D．/;
whom
4.
I
still
remember
the
college
and
the
teachers
_______
I
visited
in
Canada
years
ago.
A．what
B．who
C．that
D．which
5.
The
girl
catches
the
flowers
on
a
wedding
will
be
the
next
to
get
married.
A．whom
B．which
C．who
D．whose
6.
—Have
you
found
the
book
________
you
lost
yesterday?
—Yes.
I
left
it
in
the
library.
A．that
B．who
C．where
D．when
7.
We
believe
that
success
always
belongs
to
the
people
________
never
say
“give
up”.
A．whom
B．what
C．who
D．which
8.
—Do
you
know
the
boy___________
got
the
first
prize
in
the
talent
show?
—Of
course.
He's
my
new
neighbor.
A．whose
B．whom
C．which
D．who
9.
—We
teenagers
should
look
up
to
the
people
______
have
made
great
achievements
to
our
country,
like
Yuan
Longping.
—I
think
so.
A．who
B．what
C．which
D．whose
10.
—What
are
you
looking
for?
—I'm
looking
for
the
dictionary
____________
my
brother
gave
me
last
month.
A．that
B．what
C．who
D．whom
11.
Would
you
please
tell
me
about
the
plan
________
you
made
________
your
leave?
A．who;
after
B．what;
when
C．which;
while
D．that;
before
12.
My
mother
doesn't
like
stories
_____have
sad
endings.
A．that
B．who
C．where
D．those
13.
“What
are
you
doing?”
“We
are
talking
about
the
books
and
writers
___
we
like.”
A．that
B．which
C．who
D．whom
14.
—Have
you
seen
the
film
The
Wandering
Earth(流浪地球)
?
—Yes.
It's
the
best
one
I
have
ever
seen.
A．that
B．which
C．what
D．it
15.
–
Do
you
like
the
weekly
talk
show
The
Readers
on
CCTV?
–
Sure.
It’s
a
great
TV
program
can
develop
the
habit
of
reading.
A．who
B．that
C．what
D．whose
三、汉译英
运用定语从句翻译句子。
1.
这是我上个月买的车。
2.
_______________________________________________________
3.
我能借一下你昨天买的词典吗？
_______________________________________________________
4.
我想带走你昨天给我看的那本书。（take
away）
_______________________________________________________
5.
我更喜欢让我大笑的电影。
_______________________________________________________
6.
我更喜欢能使我思考一些东西的电影。
________________________________________________________
7.
扬州是我去过的最美丽的城市。
________________________________________________________
8.
这个相册是我曾经收到过的最珍贵的礼物。
______________________________________________________
9.
在那边献血的男士似乎三十多岁。
_______________________________________________________
【指导迷津】关系代词引导的定语从句
一、定义
1.
在主从复合句中，对某一名词或代词起修饰作用的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
2.
关系词分为关系代词(that,
which,
who,
whom,
whose,
as等)和关系副词(when,
where,
why等)两类。
二、关系代词的用法
1.
who指人，在定语从句中可以充当主语、宾语或表语。
The
man
who
is
talking
with
my
father
is
a
teacher.
正在和我父亲说话的那个人是个教师。
2.
whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，可省略，也可用who代替。
The
boy
(whom)
the
teacher
often
praises
is
their
monitor.
老师经常表扬的那个男孩是他们的班长。
3.
whose可修饰人，也可修饰物，表“所属”关系，whose在定语从句中作定语。
Nobody
wants
the
house
whose
roof
has
fallen
in.
没有人想要这个屋顶已坍塌的房子。
4.
which指事物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可省略。
China
is
a
country
which
has
a
long
history.
中国是一个具有悠久历史的国家。(作主语)
5.
that即可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可省略。习惯上指人多用who，whom，指物多用that。
The
woman
(that)
I
read
about
in
the
newspaper
has
just
won
a
gold
medal.
我在报纸上读过那位妇女的相关报道，她刚刚夺得一枚金牌。
三、只能用that而不用which引导定语从句的情况。
1.
先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。
This
is
the
most
delicious
food
that
I
have
ever
had.
这是我吃过的最美味的食品。
2.
先行词是不定代词，如all,
little,
few,
much,
everything,
anything,
nothing,
none等时。
Have
you
taken
down
everything
that
Mr.
Li
said?
李老师讲的你都记下来了吗？
3.
先行词被all,
every,
no,
the
only,
the
very,
the
last等修饰时。
Chatting
was
the
only
thing
that
interested
her
most.
聊天是她唯一感兴趣的事。
4.
当先行词既指人，又指物时。
She
took
photographs
of
the
things
and
people
that
she
was
interested
in.
她把她感兴趣的人和物都拍摄了下来。
5.
当主语是以who或which开头的疑问句时，为避免重复而用that。
Who
is
the
person
that
is
standing
at
the
gate?
站在门口的那个人是谁？
四、用which不用that的情况
1.
在定语从句中作介词的宾语，且介词位于关系代词前时。
This
is
the
room
in
which
he
lives.
这是他住的房间。
2.
引导非限制性定语从句时。
Tom
came
back,
which
made
us
very
happy.
汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴。
