练习16-外研版必修二Unit
6
Earth
first
一、单词拼写
1.
As
is
known
to
us,
tourists
are
an
easy
______________(目标)
for
thieves.
2.
I
don’t
know
how
to
______________(潜水)
under
the
water.
3.
______________(幸运的是),
the
whole
family
had
survived
the
serious
car
accident.
4.
Giving
up
smoking
______________(减低)
the
risk
of
heart
disease.
5.
The
______________(平均的)
age
of
the
students
in
our
school
is
17.
6.
He
never
______________(采纳)
other’s
advice
so
that
he
always
makes
mistakes.
7.
Too
much
screen
time
may
______________(影响)
children’s
eyesight.
8.
If
you
want
to
improve
your
situation,
you
must
adopt
a
positive
______________(态度).
9.
How
to
use
______________(电)
safely
has
become
general
knowledge
in
our
village.
10.
The
______________
(担忧的)
mother
stood
at
the
gate,
waiting
for
her
son
to
come
back
home.
11.
The
table
took
up
too
much
space，so
the
man
decided
to
have
it
______________(移走).
12.
Our
teacher
______________(敦促)
us
to
study
hard,
as
the
exam
is
drawing
near.
二、根据提示写短语
1.
__________________采取措施
2.__________________分解；出故障；谈判失败；(健康、精神等)垮掉
3.
__________________
常识
4.
__________________
把……考虑进去
5.
__________________
依靠；依赖
6.
__________________
号召
7.
__________________
参考；涉及；指的是
8.
__________________
由于，因为
9.
__________________
害怕……
10.
__________________
对……有影响
11.
__________________
以……为根据
12.
__________________
偶然遇到
13.
__________________
而不是
14.
__________________
弄错
15.
__________________
提高对……的认识
三、词形转换
1.
fortunately
adv.幸运地→_____________
adj.幸运的→_____________
n.
运气
2.
extinction
n.
灭绝，绝种→_____________
adj.灭绝的
3.
devote
v.
致力，献身，倾注→_____________
adj.挚爱的；投入的→_____________
n.
致力；献身
4.
cruelty
n.
残忍，残酷，残暴→_____________adj.残忍的；残酷的→_____________
adv.残忍地；残酷地
5.
affect
v.
影响→_____________
n．影响
6.
fog
n.
雾
→_____________
adj.多雾的；有雾的
7.
infection
n.
感染，传染病→_____________v.
传染
→_____________
adj.传染的；传染性的
8.
permission
n.
允许，许可→_____________
v.
允许；许可
n．许可证
9.
urge
v.
竭力主张，强烈要求，敦促→_____________
adj.紧急的；急迫的
10.
concerned
adj.焦急的，担忧的→_____________
v.
担忧；涉及
n．担忧
11.
contribute
v．促成，造成(某事发生)；贡献，捐献→_____________
n.
贡献
四、单句语法
1.
Britain
had
laws
against
____________(cruel)
to
animals
but
none
to
protect
children.
2.
We
are
not
permitted____________(talk)
in
the
library,
nor
can
we
take
books
out
without
permission.
3.
If
you
are
the
last
man
to
leave
the
room,
remember
____________(turn)
off
the
lights.
4.
The
____________(major)
of
people
who
were
interviewed
preferred
TV
to
radio.
5.
Time
____________(permit)，they
will
drive
to
the
farm
to
help
the
farmers
pick
apples.
6.
Three
children
________
(remove)
from
the
school
for
their
bad
behaviour
yesterday.
7.
Nowadays
many
school
children
devote
too
much
time
to
____________(play)
computer
games.
8.
It
was
your
bad
attitude
____________
your
work
that
made
your
parents
upset.
9.
Although
the
sharks
were
not
dangerous，the
author
still
felt
____________(scare)
to
death
for
a
moment.
10.
____________(fortunately),
you
were
out
when
we
called
you.
11.
He
has
made
an
important
____________(contribute)
to
the
company’s
success.
五、课文填空
The
1975
film
Jaws
was
a
great
success,
1.___________(attract)
huge
audiences
and
winning
many
awards.
People
have
always
been
2.___________(scare)
of
sharks,
but
Jaws
made
things
worse.
Many
people
3.___________saw
the
film
considered
sharks
as
bad
animals.
Some
even
began
to
fish
for
sharks.
As
4.___________
result,
the
number
of
sharks
fell
quickly.
This
was
not
only
due
to
fear
of
sharks,
5.___________also
finning.
After
finning,
the
sharks
6.___________(throw)
back
into
the
sea
where
they
die
painfully.
In
1980,
Peter
Benchley
came
across
an
awful
sight.
He
7.___________(admit)
that
his
book
was
wrong
about
sharks’
8.___________(behave).
9.___________(fortunate),
more
people
become
interested
in
sharks
now,
and
they
want
10.___________(protect)
them
from
extinction.
六、完形填空
Do
you
think
an
individual
can
make
a
difference?
Ask
Rossano
Ercolini,
the
Goldman
Prize
winner,
which
is
considered
the
Nobel
Prize
for
“
1
”.
Eroclini
is
a
young
2
in
a
small
town
in
Italy.
After
3
the
news
of
reducing
waste
on
the
radio,
he
decided
to
teach
his
students
to
4
paper
and
replace
plastic
water
bottles
in
the
school
lunchroom
with
5
glasses.
When
his
town
announced
plans
to
open
an
incinerator
to
burn
waste,
Ercolini
knew
it
would
be
6
to
his
students.
Incinerators
are
huge
heaters
that
burn
all
waste
and
poisonous
materials,
leaving
behind
7
.
You
might
think
it
is
8
than
sending
waste
to
landfills.
It
is
true
that
landfills
9
space,
smell
bad,
and
that
poisonous
materials
can
make
underground
drinking
water
10
to
use.
But
incinerators
have
their
own
11
.
Burning
will
12
poisonous
gases
into
the
air,
causing
breathing
problems.
People
will
have
to
wear
a
mask
13
they
go
out.
The
smoke
also
causes
pollution,
and
even
14
the
greenhouse
effect.
Ercolini
was
worried
about
the
15
of
his
community
and
felt
it
was
his
duty
to
16
them.
He
organized
town
meetings
and
talked
about
how
to
reduce,
reuse
and
recycle.
17
,
Ercolini
has
advocated
the
zero-waste
movement,
the
18
of
which
is
to
reduce
the
waste
to
the
least
possible
amount.
He
has
already
19
plans
for
more
than
50
incinerators
in
many
Italian
cities.
20
his
efforts,
there
are
more
than
100
zero-waste
towns
in
Italy
now!
1．A．Peace
B．Medicine
C．Environment
D．Literature
2．A．farmer
B．teacher
C．trainer
D．gardener
3．A．watching
B．reading
C．making
D．hearing
4．A．recycle
B．roll
C．tear
D．fold
5．A．coloured
B．reusable
C．thick
D．valuable
6．A．necessary
B．harmful
C．suitable
D．convenient
7．A．rock
B．sand
C．ash
D．water
8．A．worse
B．harder
C．further
D．better
9．A．take
up
B．fill
in
C．create
D．add
10．A．illegal
B．simple
C．regular
D．unsafe
11．A．difficulties
B．advantages
C．disadvantages
D．improvements
12．A．give
out
B．give
off
C．give
in
D．give
up
13．A．whenever
B．wherever
C．however
D．whatever
14．A．reduces
B．measures
C．suffers
D．worsens
15．A．health
B．development
C．justice
D．employment
16．A．praise
B．support
C．educate
D．entertain
17．A．Anyhow
B．However
C．Otherwise
D．Moreover
18．A．goal
B．reason
C．truth
D．problem
19．A．discussed
B．defeated
C．prepared
D．suggested
20．A．Along
with
B．Except
for
C．Thanks
to
D．Instead
of
七、阅读理解
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的选项中选出最佳选项回答问题。
Due
to
climate
changes,
Arctic
ice
is
breaking
up
earlier
in
the
spring,
and
its
area
is
decreasing.
This
is
creating
problems
for
polar
bears
that
make
their
homes
off
northern
Alaska
and
in
Hudson
Bay.
Polar
bears
off
Alaska
normally
hunt
and
raise
their
young
on
ice
sheets
that
float
on
the
ocean.
But
as
the
ice
has
melted,
the
polar
bears
have
been
forced
to
spend
more
time
on
land.
There,
they
have
begun
to
frequent(常去)
beaches,
feeding
on
the
remains
of
whales
caught
by
native
hunters.
For
polar
bears,
this
food
is
less
nutritious
than
seals
that
they
normally
catch
on
ice
sheets.
The
shrinking(减少)
ice
has
also
forced
more
polar
bears
into
the
ocean.
In
the
past,
they
only
had
to
swim
short
distances
between
ice
sheets.
But
as
the
ice
has
shrunk,
polar
bears
have
been
forced
to
swim
longer
and
longer
distances
in
the
open
ocean.This
poses
a
severe
danger
during
rough
weather,
and
an
increasing
number
of
drowned
polar
bears
have
been
observed.
In
Hudson
Bay,
the
ice
breaks
up
three
weeks
earlier
in
the
spring
now
than
it
did
20
years
ago.
Polar
bears
on
Hudson
Bay
fast(绝食)
during
the
summer，waiting
for
ice
to
form
in
the
fall
to
hunt.
Every
year,
the
summer
gets
longer,
and
the
bears
get
skinnier.
Over
the
past
25
years,
the
average
weight
of
the
female
bears
has
dropped
68
kg.
This
loss
affects
their
ability
to
reproduce,
and
already
the
number
of
births
has
dropped
by
15
percent.
Unless
the
bears
can
learn
to
survive
these
climate
changes,
these
giants
of
the
ice
may
one
day
disappear.
1.
What
is
Arctic
ice
doing
earlier
each
year?
A．It’s
freezing.
B．It’s
hardening.
C．It’s
melting.
D．It’s
expanding.
2.
What
is
TRUE
of
polar
bears
that
are
spending
more
time
on
land
in
Alaska?
A．Their
young
are
dying.
B．Their
diet
is
changing.
C．Their
health
is
improving.
D．Their
families
are
growing.
3.
What
does
the
writer
imply
about
female
polar
bears
in
Hudson
Bay?
A.
They
are
having
fewer
young
now.
B.
They
suffer
from
various
sicknesses.
C.
They
don’t
need
stronger
protection.
D.
They
can’t
find
enough
good
males.
4.
In
which
publication
would
you
most
likely
find
this
passage?
A．Medical
News.
B．Society
Today.
C．Wildlife
Journal.
D．Design
Magazine.
八、补全对话7选5
How
to
Celebrate
World
Environment
Day
World
Environment
Day
is
a
yearly
event
held
to
raise
global
sense
of
the
need
to
protect
our
world.
1
People
consider
it
a
climax(高潮)
of
environmental
activities
being
performed
all
year
round
by
UNEP.Be
a
part
of
the
celebrations
to
make
our
world
cleaner,
greener
and
brighter.
Find
out
what
the
WED
environmental
theme
is
internationally
for
the
year.
For
example,
in
2011,
it
is
the
International
Year
of
the
Forest,
thus
a
front
page
focuses
on
forests
and
trees
on
the
site.
If
the
theme
inspires
you,
consider
planning
your
event
around
the
theme.
2
Check
out
the
activities
that
are
already
planned
in
your
area,
region
or
country.
You
might
like
to
join
in
what
has
been
planned,
or
even
help
out
if
you’re
early
enough
to
become
a
part
of
the
volunteers
for
the
event.
3
Consider
holding
your
own
WED
event.
4
You
could
enthuse
your
neighbourhood
street,
your
friends,
your
local
community,
your
school,
a
group
of
businesses
or
the
media
to
become
involved
too.
5
Do
a
study
of
your
energy
usage,
your
living
habits
and
your
use
of
unsustainable(不可持续的)
products
and
make
a
list
of
ways
you
intend
to
control
your
unsustainable
activities
and
habits
and
replace
them
with
sustainable
ones.
A.
You
will
expect
extra
exciting
activities.
B.
Use
the
Internet
to
search
for
WED
events
near
you.
C.
Check
out
which
country
is
the
host
country
for
WED.
D.
Make
today
that
you
choose
to
adopt
an
eco?friendly
lifestyle.
E.
If
you
don’t
mind
a
little
planning
and
effort,
why
not
organize
your
own?
F.
If
you
have
another
environmental
theme
that
you’re
really
into,
that’s
okay
too!
G.
Known
as
WED
for
short,
it
is
run
by
the
United
Nations
Environment
Programme
(UNEP).练习16-外研版必修二Unit
6
Earth
first
一、单词拼写
1.
As
is
known
to
us,
tourists
are
an
easy
______________(目标)
for
thieves.
2.
I
don’t
know
how
to
______________(潜水)
under
the
water.
3.
______________(幸运的是),
the
whole
family
had
survived
the
serious
car
accident.
4.
Giving
up
smoking
______________(减低)
the
risk
of
heart
disease.
5.
The
______________(平均的)
age
of
the
students
in
our
school
is
17.
6.
He
never
______________(采纳)
other’s
advice
so
that
he
always
makes
mistakes.
7.
Too
much
screen
time
may
______________(影响)
children’s
eyesight.
8.
If
you
want
to
improve
your
situation,
you
must
adopt
a
positive
______________(态度).
9.
How
to
use
______________(电)
safely
has
become
general
knowledge
in
our
village.
10.
The
______________
(担忧的)
mother
stood
at
the
gate,
waiting
for
her
son
to
come
back
home.
11.
The
table
took
up
too
much
space，so
the
man
decided
to
have
it
______________(移走).
12.
Our
teacher
______________(敦促)
us
to
study
hard,
as
the
exam
is
drawing
near.
【答案】
1.
target
2.
dive
3.
Fortunately
4.
reduces
5.average
6.
adopts
7.
affect
8.
attitude
9.
electricity
10.
concerned
11.
removed
12.
urges
二、根据提示写短语
1.
__________________采取措施
2.__________________分解；出故障；谈判失败；(健康、精神等)垮掉
3.
__________________
常识
4.
__________________
把……考虑进去
5.
__________________
依靠；依赖
6.
__________________
号召
7.
__________________
参考；涉及；指的是
8.
__________________
由于，因为
9.
__________________
害怕……
10.
__________________
对……有影响
11.
__________________
以……为根据
12.
__________________
偶然遇到
13.
__________________
而不是
14.
__________________
弄错
15.
__________________
提高对……的认识
【答案】
1.
take
steps
2.
break
down
3.
common
sense
4.
take...into
account
5.
depend
on
6.
call
on
7.
refer
to
8.
due
to
9.
be
scared
of
10.
have
an
effect
upon
11.
be
based
on
12.
come
across
13.
rather
than
14
by
mistake
15.raise
awareness
of...
三、词形转换
1.
fortunately
adv.幸运地→_____________
adj.幸运的→_____________
n.
运气
2.
extinction
n.
灭绝，绝种→_____________
adj.灭绝的
3.
devote
v.
致力，献身，倾注→_____________
adj.挚爱的；投入的→_____________
n.
致力；献身
4.
cruelty
n.
残忍，残酷，残暴→_____________adj.残忍的；残酷的→_____________
adv.残忍地；残酷地
5.
affect
v.
影响→_____________
n．影响
6.
fog
n.
雾
→_____________
adj.多雾的；有雾的
7.
infection
n.
感染，传染病→_____________v.
传染
→_____________
adj.传染的；传染性的
8.
permission
n.
允许，许可→_____________
v.
允许；许可
n．许可证
9.
urge
v.
竭力主张，强烈要求，敦促→_____________
adj.紧急的；急迫的
10.
concerned
adj.焦急的，担忧的→_____________
v.
担忧；涉及
n．担忧
11.
contribute
v．促成，造成(某事发生)；贡献，捐献→_____________
n.
贡献
【答案】
1.
fortunately
adv.幸运地→fortunate
adj.幸运的→fortune
n．运气
2.
extinction
n．灭绝，绝种→extinct
adj.灭绝的
3.
devote
v．致力，献身，倾注→devoted
adj.挚爱的；投入的→devotion
n．致力；献身
4.
cruelty
n．残忍，残酷，残暴→cruel
adj.残忍的；残酷的→cruelly
adv.残忍地；残酷地
5.
affect
v．影响→effect
n．影响
6.
fog
n．雾
→foggy
adj.多雾的；有雾的
7.
infection
n．感染，传染病→infect
v．传染
→infectious
adj.传染的；传染性的
8.
permission
n．允许，许可→permit
v．允许；许可
n．许可证
9.
urge
v．竭力主张，强烈要求，敦促→urgent
adj.紧急的；急迫的
10.
concerned
adj.焦急的，担忧的→concern
v．担忧；涉及
n．担忧
11.
contribute
v．促成，造成(某事发生)；贡献，捐献→contribution
n．贡献
四、单句语法
1.
Britain
had
laws
against
____________(cruel)
to
animals
but
none
to
protect
children.
2.
We
are
not
permitted____________(talk)
in
the
library,
nor
can
we
take
books
out
without
permission.
3.
If
you
are
the
last
man
to
leave
the
room,
remember
____________(turn)
off
the
lights.
4.
The
____________(major)
of
people
who
were
interviewed
preferred
TV
to
radio.
5.
Time
____________(permit)，they
will
drive
to
the
farm
to
help
the
farmers
pick
apples.
6.
Three
children
________
(remove)
from
the
school
for
their
bad
behaviour
yesterday.
7.
Nowadays
many
school
children
devote
too
much
time
to
____________(play)
computer
games.
8.
It
was
your
bad
attitude
____________
your
work
that
made
your
parents
upset.
9.
Although
the
sharks
were
not
dangerous，the
author
still
felt
____________(scare)
to
death
for
a
moment.
10.
____________(fortunately),
you
were
out
when
we
called
you.
11.
He
has
made
an
important
____________(contribute)
to
the
company’s
success.
【答案】
1.
cruelty
2.
to
talk
3.
to
turn
4.
majority
5.
permitting
6.
were
removed
7.
playing
8.
towards/to
9.
scared
10.
Unfortunately
11.
contribution
五、课文填空
The
1975
film
Jaws
was
a
great
success,
1.___________(attract)
huge
audiences
and
winning
many
awards.
People
have
always
been
2.___________(scare)
of
sharks,
but
Jaws
made
things
worse.
Many
people
3.___________saw
the
film
considered
sharks
as
bad
animals.
Some
even
began
to
fish
for
sharks.
As
4.___________
result,
the
number
of
sharks
fell
quickly.
This
was
not
only
due
to
fear
of
sharks,
5.___________also
finning.
After
finning,
the
sharks
6.___________(throw)
back
into
the
sea
where
they
die
painfully.
In
1980,
Peter
Benchley
came
across
an
awful
sight.
He
7.___________(admit)
that
his
book
was
wrong
about
sharks’
8.___________(behave).
9.___________(fortunate),
more
people
become
interested
in
sharks
now,
and
they
want
10.___________(protect)
them
from
extinction.
【答案】
1.
attracting
2.scared
3.who/that
4.a
5.but
6.are
thrown
7.admitted
8.behaviour
9.Fortunately
10.to
protect
六、完形填空
Do
you
think
an
individual
can
make
a
difference?
Ask
Rossano
Ercolini,
the
Goldman
Prize
winner,
which
is
considered
the
Nobel
Prize
for
“
1
”.
Eroclini
is
a
young
2
in
a
small
town
in
Italy.
After
3
the
news
of
reducing
waste
on
the
radio,
he
decided
to
teach
his
students
to
4
paper
and
replace
plastic
water
bottles
in
the
school
lunchroom
with
5
glasses.
When
his
town
announced
plans
to
open
an
incinerator
to
burn
waste,
Ercolini
knew
it
would
be
6
to
his
students.
Incinerators
are
huge
heaters
that
burn
all
waste
and
poisonous
materials,
leaving
behind
7
.
You
might
think
it
is
8
than
sending
waste
to
landfills.
It
is
true
that
landfills
9
space,
smell
bad,
and
that
poisonous
materials
can
make
underground
drinking
water
10
to
use.
But
incinerators
have
their
own
11
.
Burning
will
12
poisonous
gases
into
the
air,
causing
breathing
problems.
People
will
have
to
wear
a
mask
13
they
go
out.
The
smoke
also
causes
pollution,
and
even
14
the
greenhouse
effect.
Ercolini
was
worried
about
the
15
of
his
community
and
felt
it
was
his
duty
to
16
them.
He
organized
town
meetings
and
talked
about
how
to
reduce,
reuse
and
recycle.
17
,
Ercolini
has
advocated
the
zero-waste
movement,
the
18
of
which
is
to
reduce
the
waste
to
the
least
possible
amount.
He
has
already
19
plans
for
more
than
50
incinerators
in
many
Italian
cities.
20
his
efforts,
there
are
more
than
100
zero-waste
towns
in
Italy
now!
1．A．Peace
B．Medicine
C．Environment
D．Literature
2．A．farmer
B．teacher
C．trainer
D．gardener
3．A．watching
B．reading
C．making
D．hearing
4．A．recycle
B．roll
C．tear
D．fold
5．A．coloured
B．reusable
C．thick
D．valuable
6．A．necessary
B．harmful
C．suitable
D．convenient
7．A．rock
B．sand
C．ash
D．water
8．A．worse
B．harder
C．further
D．better
9．A．take
up
B．fill
in
C．create
D．add
10．A．illegal
B．simple
C．regular
D．unsafe
11．A．difficulties
B．advantages
C．disadvantages
D．improvements
12．A．give
out
B．give
off
C．give
in
D．give
up
13．A．whenever
B．wherever
C．however
D．whatever
14．A．reduces
B．measures
C．suffers
D．worsens
15．A．health
B．development
C．justice
D．employment
16．A．praise
B．support
C．educate
D．entertain
17．A．Anyhow
B．However
C．Otherwise
D．Moreover
18．A．goal
B．reason
C．truth
D．problem
19．A．discussed
B．defeated
C．prepared
D．suggested
20．A．Along
with
B．Except
for
C．Thanks
to
D．Instead
of
【答案】
1-5
CBDAB
6-10
BCDAD
11-15
CBADA
16-20
CDABC
【分析】本文讲述了Eroclini经过各种努力，对减少垃圾和浪费做出贡献，说明个人的力量有很大影响。
1．考查名词词义辨析。A.Peace和平；B.Medicine药；C.Environment环境；D.Literature文学。根据he
decided
to
teach
his
students
to
___4___
paper
and
replace
plastic
water
bottles
in
the
school
lunchroom
with
___5___glasses.可知此处指环境。故选C。
2．考查名词词义辨析。A.farmer农民；B.teacher老师；C.trainer训练员；D.gardener园丁。根据he
decided
to
teach
his
students可知Ercolini是老师。故选B。
3．考查动词词义辨析。A.watching看；B.reading读；C.
making制作；D.
hearing听。根据the
news
of
reducing
waste
on
the
radio可知是收音机上的消息，所以是听。故选D。
4．考查动词词义辨析。A.recycle回收利用；B.roll滚动；C.tear流泪，撕扯；D.
fold折叠。根据reducing
waste可知，此处指回收利用废纸。故选A。
5．考查形容词词义辨析。A.coloured有色的；B.reusable可再使用的；C.thick厚的；D.valuable有价值的。根据plastic
water
bottles，可知应该使用更好的替代它，所以用可再使用的玻璃瓶代替塑料瓶。故选B。
6．考查形容词词义辨析。A.
necessary必要的；B.harmful有害的；C.suitable合适的；D.convenient方便的。根据Incinerators
are
huge
heaters
that
burn
all
waste
and
poisonous
materials，可知，焚化炉有害。故选B。
7．考查名词词义辨析。A.rock石头；B.sand沙子；C.
ash灰烬；D.
water水。根据burn
all
waste
and
poisonous
materials可知，烧完废物和有毒材料后剩下的是灰烬。故选C。
8．考查形容词词义辨析。A.worse更糟的；B.harder更努力的；C.further更远的；D.better更好的。根据It
is
true
that
landfills
___9___
space,
smell
bad,
and
that
poisonous
materials
can
make
underground
drinking
water
___10___
to
use.描述了垃圾填充场的不好，可知，这比把废物送去填埋更好。故选D。
9．考查动词短语词义辨析。A.take
up占据；B.fill
in填写；C.create创造；D.
add添加。根据语境可知填埋占据空间。故选A。
10．考查形容词词义辨析。A.
illegal非法的；B.simple简单的；C.regular规则的；D.unsafe不安全的。根据常识和句意可知，有毒材料让地下饮用水使用起来不安全。故选D。
11．考查名词词义辨析。A.difficulties困境；B.advantages优势；C.disadvantages劣势；D.improvements提高。根据Burning
will
___12___
poisonous
gases
into
the
air,
causing
breathing
problems.描述焚化炉的不好，可知，焚化炉也有自己的劣势。故选C。
12．考查动词短语词义辨析。A.give
out分发；B.give
off散发；C.give
in让步；D.give
up放弃。根据People
will
have
to
wear
a
mask可知，焚烧会散发有毒气体。故选B。
13．考查连词词义辨析A.wherever无论哪里；B.
whenever无论何时；C.however无论怎样；D.
whatever无论如何。根据上文说会散发有害气体，可知，无论何时出门都要戴口罩。故选A。
14．考查动词词义辨析。A.reduces减少；B.
measures测量；C.suffers遭受；D.worsens恶化。根据even可知此处表示递进，恶化温室效应。故选D。
15．考查名词词义辨析。A.health健康；B.development发展；C.justice正义；D.employment雇佣。根据causing
breathing
problems和pollution可知，与健康有关。故选A。
16．考查动词词义辨析。A.praise赞扬；B.support支持；C.educate教育；D.entertain娱乐。根据Ercolini是老师可知，此处是教育他们。故选C。
17．考查副词词义辨析。A.Anyhow无论如何；B.However不管怎样，然而；C.Otherwise否则；D.Moreover此外。根据语境可知，故选D。
18．考查名词词义辨析。A.goal目的；B.reason原因；C.truth真理；D.problem问题。根据to
reduce
the
waste
to
the
least
possible
amount可知此处指零废物运动的目的。故选A。
19．考查动词词义辨析。A.discussed讨论；B.defeated击败；C.prepared准备；D.suggested建议。根据上文可知，焚烧有害，所以应是他击败了很多意大利国家的50多个焚烧计划。故选B。
20．考查介词短语词义辨析。A.Along
with随着；B.Except
for除了；C.Thanks
to多亏；D.Instead
of代替。根据句意可知，多亏了他的努力，现在意大利有超过100个零垃圾镇。故选C。
七、阅读理解
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的选项中选出最佳选项回答问题。
Due
to
climate
changes,
Arctic
ice
is
breaking
up
earlier
in
the
spring,
and
its
area
is
decreasing.
This
is
creating
problems
for
polar
bears
that
make
their
homes
off
northern
Alaska
and
in
Hudson
Bay.
Polar
bears
off
Alaska
normally
hunt
and
raise
their
young
on
ice
sheets
that
float
on
the
ocean.
But
as
the
ice
has
melted,
the
polar
bears
have
been
forced
to
spend
more
time
on
land.
There,
they
have
begun
to
frequent(常去)
beaches,
feeding
on
the
remains
of
whales
caught
by
native
hunters.
For
polar
bears,
this
food
is
less
nutritious
than
seals
that
they
normally
catch
on
ice
sheets.
The
shrinking(减少)
ice
has
also
forced
more
polar
bears
into
the
ocean.
In
the
past,
they
only
had
to
swim
short
distances
between
ice
sheets.
But
as
the
ice
has
shrunk,
polar
bears
have
been
forced
to
swim
longer
and
longer
distances
in
the
open
ocean.This
poses
a
severe
danger
during
rough
weather,
and
an
increasing
number
of
drowned
polar
bears
have
been
observed.
In
Hudson
Bay,
the
ice
breaks
up
three
weeks
earlier
in
the
spring
now
than
it
did
20
years
ago.
Polar
bears
on
Hudson
Bay
fast(绝食)
during
the
summer，waiting
for
ice
to
form
in
the
fall
to
hunt.
Every
year,
the
summer
gets
longer,
and
the
bears
get
skinnier.
Over
the
past
25
years,
the
average
weight
of
the
female
bears
has
dropped
68
kg.
This
loss
affects
their
ability
to
reproduce,
and
already
the
number
of
births
has
dropped
by
15
percent.
Unless
the
bears
can
learn
to
survive
these
climate
changes,
these
giants
of
the
ice
may
one
day
disappear.
1.
What
is
Arctic
ice
doing
earlier
each
year?
A．It’s
freezing.
B．It’s
hardening.
C．It’s
melting.
D．It’s
expanding.
2.
What
is
TRUE
of
polar
bears
that
are
spending
more
time
on
land
in
Alaska?
A．Their
young
are
dying.
B．Their
diet
is
changing.
C．Their
health
is
improving.
D．Their
families
are
growing.
3.
What
does
the
writer
imply
about
female
polar
bears
in
Hudson
Bay?
A.
They
are
having
fewer
young
now.
B.
They
suffer
from
various
sicknesses.
C.
They
don’t
need
stronger
protection.
D.
They
can’t
find
enough
good
males.
4.
In
which
publication
would
you
most
likely
find
this
passage?
A．Medical
News.
B．Society
Today.
C．Wildlife
Journal.
D．Design
Magazine.
【答案】
1.
C
细节理解题。根据第一段第一句中的“Arctic
ice
is
breaking
up
earlier
in
the
spring”可知，北极冰川每年春天较早时候就开始融化。
2.
B
细节理解题。根据第二段可以看出北极熊正常情况下吃在冰面上可以捕捉到的海豹，但现在由于冰的减少，它们只能以当地猎人捕捉的鲸的残余物为食了。
3.
A
细节理解题。从最后一段第四和第五两句可知，北极熊的出生率已经下降了15%。
4.C
文章出处题。通读全篇可以发现文章叙述的是全球气候的变化给北极熊带来的负面影响，而北极熊属于野生动物，所以推断这篇文章最有可能摘自《野生动物杂志》。
八、补全对话7选5
How
to
Celebrate
World
Environment
Day
World
Environment
Day
is
a
yearly
event
held
to
raise
global
sense
of
the
need
to
protect
our
world.
1
People
consider
it
a
climax(高潮)
of
environmental
activities
being
performed
all
year
round
by
UNEP.Be
a
part
of
the
celebrations
to
make
our
world
cleaner,
greener
and
brighter.
Find
out
what
the
WED
environmental
theme
is
internationally
for
the
year.
For
example,
in
2011,
it
is
the
International
Year
of
the
Forest,
thus
a
front
page
focuses
on
forests
and
trees
on
the
site.
If
the
theme
inspires
you,
consider
planning
your
event
around
the
theme.
2
Check
out
the
activities
that
are
already
planned
in
your
area,
region
or
country.
You
might
like
to
join
in
what
has
been
planned,
or
even
help
out
if
you’re
early
enough
to
become
a
part
of
the
volunteers
for
the
event.
3
Consider
holding
your
own
WED
event.
4
You
could
enthuse
your
neighbourhood
street,
your
friends,
your
local
community,
your
school,
a
group
of
businesses
or
the
media
to
become
involved
too.
5
Do
a
study
of
your
energy
usage,
your
living
habits
and
your
use
of
unsustainable(不可持续的)
products
and
make
a
list
of
ways
you
intend
to
control
your
unsustainable
activities
and
habits
and
replace
them
with
sustainable
ones.
A.
You
will
expect
extra
exciting
activities.
B.
Use
the
Internet
to
search
for
WED
events
near
you.
C.
Check
out
which
country
is
the
host
country
for
WED.
D.
Make
today
that
you
choose
to
adopt
an
eco?friendly
lifestyle.
E.
If
you
don’t
mind
a
little
planning
and
effort,
why
not
organize
your
own?
F.
If
you
have
another
environmental
theme
that
you’re
really
into,
that’s
okay
too!
G.
Known
as
WED
for
short,
it
is
run
by
the
United
Nations
Environment
Programme
(UNEP).
【答案】
1-5
GFBED
