Unit 11 Could you please clean your room（全单元4课时）

Unit 11 Could you please clean your room
Teaching objectives 单元教学目标
Skill Focus 听 Listen to conversations of polite request and permission.
说 Make polite request and ask for permission.
读 Read an e-mail message about making requests.
写 Write an e-mail message to ask for help.
功能句式 Make polite requestsCould you please clean your room Could you please do the dishes Ask for permissionCould I please go to the movies Yes, you can.Could I please use the car No, you can’t. I have to go out.
LanguageFocus 词汇 1. 重点词汇 dish, sweep, meeting, hate, borrow, invite, care, feed, mine 2. 认读词汇 chore, partner, trash, fold, laundry, snack, teenager, player, disagree 3. 短语take out, living room, work on, do the chores, make one’s bed, do the dishes, sweep the floor, take out the trash, fold the clothes, clean the living room, do the laundry, take care of
语法 Could for polite requestCould for permissionMake versus do
StrategyFocus Self-evaluatingPersonalizing
II. Teaching materials analyzing and rearranging 教材分析和教材重组
1. 教材分析
本单元的话题是Chores，要求学生学会用Could you please ...？和Could I please ...？来委婉地提出请求或征求别人的许可以及如何有礼貌地拒绝别人并表达自己的理由,陈述自己的好恶。通过单元学习，学生还将了解中西方在这方面的文化差异，增强他们在日常生活中的沟通和交流能力。
Section A 以图片及对话Peter, could you please take out the trash Sure, Mom. 引入本单元的话题。1a是一个结对子活动，通过讨论在家做哪些家务活来引入本单元的重点词汇；1b让学生听一段对话录音，根据听到的内容选择Mom和Peter各做的家务活，帮助学生从听力材料中了解、获取如何使用目标语言；1c是一个口头会话练习，指导学生如何结合图片用目标语言Could you please ... 进行对话；2a和2b是两个听力活动，通过听力训练帮助学生进一步了解目标语言的用法，学习如何使用Could I ... 和Could you ... 提出请求、征求许可；2c是在以上听力活动的基础上的口头练习，学生分角色扮演父亲和儿子，练习用目标语言委婉的提出请求；3a是用make或do补全一篇对话，掌握一些和家务有关的动词短语的用法；3b要求学生列出自己平常所做的家务活并说明喜欢或不喜欢,并向同伴说明理由；4是一个小组活动，学生把一些家务活写到卡片上并正面朝下，然后拿出其中一张要求同伴去做这项家务活，同伴拒绝并说出原因，从而在游戏活动中巩固所学知识。
Section B 1a列出了一些动词短语，让学生判断哪些活动是孩子为家长做的，哪些是家长为孩子做的，为后面的活动做了语言材料的准备；1b是在1a基础上的口头训练，强化学生对目标语言的运用；2a和2b是两个听力练习，主题是party的准备，要求学生听录音列出每个人所要做的事情；2c是会话练习，是上面听力活动的延伸，帮助学生在听力输入的基础上进行语言输出练习；3a为一篇阅读材料，要求学生对文章中出现的一些家务活动进行分类；3b和3c是写作训练，学生模仿3a的阅读文章用目标语言写电子邮件，向他人提出请求，寻求帮助；4是一个小组活动，A同学看83页，B同学看85页，C同学看86页，小组进行会话练习，体现了目标语言的功能性。
Self check 1要求学生对几个重点词汇进行填空、造句训练，帮助学生在语境中学习、巩固词汇；2根据提示信息完成留言条，是对学生语言应用能力的综合检验。
2． 教材重组和课时分配
Period 1 (Section A: 1a, 1b, 1c,)
Function
Period 2 (Section A: 2a, 2b, 2c, 3a, 3b, 4)
Grammar study
Period 3 (Section B: 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 2c, 3b)
Listening and Speaking
Period 4 (Section B: 3a, 3c, 4, Self check)
Reading and Writing
III.Teaching plans for each period
分课时教案
Period 1 Function
Target language 目标语言
1. Words and phrases生词和短语
chore, partner, dish, do the dishes, sweep, trash, take out, make one’s bed, fold, living room, meet, work on
2. Key sentences重点句子
Could you please take out the trash
Could you please make your bed and fold your clothes
Ability goals 能力目标
Enable students to make polite requests.
Learning ability goals 学能目标
Help students learn how to make polite requests with the target language.
Teaching important and difficult points 教学重难点
Could for polite requests.
Teaching aids 教具准备
Pictures, tape recording.
Teaching procedures and ways 教学过程与方式
Step I Lead-in
T: Good morning, boys and girls! I am always very busy on weekends. So my daughter often helps me with the housework. Do you often help your mother do the chores at home (Write “chores” on blackboard and explain it.) Here “chore” means housework. Could you please tell me what chores you do at home
S1: I often clean my room.
S2: I wash my clothes and fold my clothes.
S3: I clean the window.
S4: I make my bed and sweep the floor.
S5: I clean the living room.
T: Well, you are good boys and girls! We should try to be helpful and do some chores at home.
Step II Presentation of new words (Section A: 1a)
Call attention to the picture on page 65.
T: Look at the picture on page 65. What can you see
S: It is house. (living room)
S: Many dishes.
S: The dustbin is full.
S: The floor is dirty.
S: ...
T: So there are a lot of chores to do, right
Help students to learn the following phrases about chores:
clean the living room; do the dishes; sweep the floor; make the bed; do the laundry; take out the trash; fold the clothes
Then find out the best helper at home.
T: Do you often help your parents do the chores Now let’s choose the best helper at home. First please write down all the chores from your memory on a piece of paper. Then check each chore you do at home. The one who check the most chores will be the best helper at home.
Step III Presentation of new function
T: If you want to ask somebody to do chores, how can you ask in English
S1: Can you do the chores
S2: Could you please do the chores
T: Which one do you think is better
Ss: The second one.
T: Yes. We should say “Could you please do the chores ” instead of other ways because it sounds very polite.
Write “Could you please ... ” on the Bb.
Step IV Pairwork (Section A: 1c)
T: In the picture, the mom askes the son to do some chores. What does she say
S: Peter, could you please take out the trash
T: Good! Today, we’ll learn how to make polite requests with could. It is very important to be polite in our life. Now work in pairs. Imagine you are the mom and the son in the picture. Ask your partner to do the chores that you see.
First ask two students to read the sample conversation in activity 1c.
Then students make their own conversations.
Call several pairs to demonstrate their conversations to the class.
Step V Listening (Section A: 1b)
This step gives some listening practice with the target language (the verb phrase and the structure “Could you please ... ”).
T: You will here a conversation between Peter and his mother. What kind of chores do Mom and Peter do Check Mom or Peter.
Play the recording twice. For the first time students focus on the chores Mom does; the second time, focus on the chores Peter does. Then check the answers.
Step VI Groupwork
T: Imagine we are going to clean our classroom this afternoon. You need someone to help you do some things. Think of the things you need to do and make polite requests to your partners. You may find these phrases useful.
Show the following phrases on the screen.
carry some water, clean the desks, clean the chairs, clean the windows, clean the blackboard, turn off the lights, take down the old pictures, put up the new pictures, sweep the floor
A few minutes later, call several groups to show their conversations.
Step VII Homework
1. Try to remember the verb phrases you learnt in this lesson.
2. Do activities 3a and 3b on P67.
Period 2 Grammar study
Target language 目标语言
1. Words and phrases生词和短语
meeting, work on, use the car, get a ride
2. Key sentences重点句子
Could I please use your computer
Sorry. I’m going to work on it now.
Could I watch TV
Yes, you can.
Ability goals 能力目标
Learn to ask for permission.
Learning ability goals 学能目标
Help students learn how to ask for permission politely with the target language.
Teaching important and difficult points 教学重难点
Could for permission.
Teaching aids 教具准备
CIA or lantern slides, tape recording, and blank cards.
Teaching procedures and ways 教学过程与方式
Step I Revision
1. Review the target language by asking some students “Could you please open the window/clean the Bb/... ”
2. Check the homework: activities 3a and 3b on P67. Help them remember:
We make the bed/breakfast and do chores/laundry/dishes.
Then ask some students to tell the class what chores they like, dislike or hate, and give reasons.
Note: like + v-ing 喜欢做……
don’t like/hate + v-ing 不喜欢/讨厌做……
Step II Presentation
T: I can’t find my pen. But I have to write something now. What can I do
S: You can borrow a pen from others.
T: But what should I say
S: Can I use your pen
T: But that doesn’t sound very polite. Any other idea
S: Could I please use your pen (Write in on the blackboard)
T: Good! That’s a very polite way. Today, we’ll learn how to ask for permission.
Step III Listening (Section A: 2a, 2b)
Call attention to the picture on page 66.
T: Look at the picture. That’s Peter and his father. Peter asks his father if he can do four things. Look at the chart in activity 2a. What are the four things
Ask a student to read the things aloud.
T: What does his father say Now please listen to the tape and check ‘yes’ or ‘no’ in the chart.
Play the tape twice. For the first time, they only listen.
The second time, they check “yes” or “no”.
Then check the answers with the whole class.
T: We know the father says no to “stay out late” and “use the car”. What are his reasons Let’s listen to the conversation again. Draw lines to the reasons in the chart.
Before play the tape, ask a student to read the reasons given.
Then play the tape. If necessary, play it again.
Check the answers.
Help students to summarize different ways of answering the question “Could I please ... ”
Yes No
I guess so. No, you can’t. ...
Oh, yeah. Sorry, but ...
Sure.
Yes, you can.
Step IV Pairwork (Section A: 2c)
In this step, students will role play the conversation between Peter and his father in pairs.
T: Now look at activity 2c. Work in pairs. Student A is Peter who asks if he can do things. Student B is Peter’s father who says “yes” or “no”. If you say “no”, give a reason.
First get two students to read the sample conversation.
Then students make their own conversations.
Step V Task
T: Imagine we’ll have a self-study class this afternoon. You would like to do many different things. How will you ask your teacher for permission Please do it in groups of four. One will be the teacher, and the others will be the students, make conversation like this:
Show the following conversation on the screen.
S: Could I please listen to music
T: No you can’t.
S: Could I please go to play basketball
T: Sorry, you have to stay in class.
S: Could I please draw pictures
T: Yes, you can.
After that, get several groups to demonstrate their conversations to the class.
Step VI A Game (Section A: 4)
Show a list of chores on the Bb:
do the dishes clean your room
take out the trash sweep the floor
fold you clothes make your bed
Give them a set of blank cards.
T: Let’s play a game to relax. You will work in groups of four. First each group writes the chores on the cards. Put them face down. The first student turns over a card, and asks the student next to him/her to do this chore. That student says “no” and gives a reason. Each student should give a reason that has not been given before. The one who can’t give a proper reason will be out of the game. Those who can keep coming up with reasons will be the winner.
Step VII Homework
1. Remember the new words and phrases in this unit.
2. Suppose you are having a party, and you need more drinks and snacks. But you can’t leave the house. Ask your classmates for help. Write a dialogue between you and your classmate with “Could I please ... ”and “Could you please ... ”
Step VIII Exercises
A. 用适当的单词填空
1. I’m going to have an important m_______ this afternoon.
2. Do you like doing chores No, I h________ doing chores.
3. What do you do after you get up every day I brush my teeth and w ______ my face.
4. Could you help your mother m________ dinner on Sundays
5. I often do the s________ with my sister on weekend.
6. I have a little money, could I b_______ some from you
7. That’s my toy. Don’t play w_______ it.
8. Please t_____ care of my little dog when I go out.
9. Could I please u_______ your car Sorry, I can’t. I have to have a meeting.
10. I don’t like doing the l______ because it’s boring.
Key:
meeting 2. hate 3. wash 4. make 5. shopping
6. borrow 7. with 8. take 9. use 10. laundry
B. 连词成句
1. take out, could, please, you, trash, the
　_____________________________________
2. are, I, and, parents, my, going, tomorrow, vacation, on
　_____________________________________.
3. I, please, movies, go, could, to, the
　_____________________________________？
4. you, often, the, clean, room, do
　_____________________________________？
5. but, have, you, to, your, finish, first, homework
_____________________________________.
Period 3 Listening and Speaking
Target language 目标语言
1. Words and phrases生词和短语
borrow, invite, disagree, snack, teenager
2. Key sentences重点句子
Could you buy some drinks and snacks
Could I invite my friends to a party
Ability goals 能力目标
Enable students to make polite requests and ask for permission.
Learning ability goals 学能目标
Help students learn how to make polite request and ask for permission with the target language.
Teaching important and difficult points 教学重难点
Listen to the conversation and tell who is going to do what.
Teaching aids 教具准备
A recorder, a projector, a computer and PPT.
Teaching procedures and ways 教学过程与方式
Step I Preparation (Section B: 1a)
T: When I was a teenager, my parents often asked me to clean my room. Sometime they asked me to buy some things. Now I often ask my daughter to take out the trash. What chores do your parents usually ask you to do
S1: My mother usually asks me to buy some food.
S2: My mother often asks me to make my bed.
S3: My father always asks me to clean my bike.
S4: They ask me to clean my bedroom.
T: Do you ask your parents to do any thing What do you ask them to do
S1: I ask my mother to make bed for me.
S2: I ask my father to buy some books for me.
...
Call attention to the chart in activity 1a on page 68.
T: Look at the items in the chart. What can teenagers ask their parents to do What do parents ask their teenagers to do Write “parents” or “teenagers” next to each phrase.
Ask students to go through the phrases first. Give some explanations about the key words.
☆teenager: someone who is between 13 and 19 years old
☆snack: something eaten between meals
☆borrow
borrow sth from sb
lend
lend sth to sb/lend sb sth
☆invite
invite sb to sth (a wedding, party, meal, etc.)
invite sb to do sth
Then check their answers.
Step II Pairwork (Section B: 1b)
Let students use the phrases in activity 1a to make conversations between parents and teenagers.
First, get a pair of students to read the sample conversations.
Then students make their own conversations.
Step III Listening (Section B: 2a, 2b)
This activity gives students practice in understanding the target language in spoken conversation and enable students to improve their listening ability.
T: Now listen to the conversation between Sandy and her mom. Please check each item in activity 1a they talk about. Put a check mark in front of each phrase you hear.
Play the recording, students only listen.
Play the recording a second time. Students listen and check the items.
Check the answers with the whole class.
T: From the conversation, we know Sandy will hold a party. She will invite some friends to the party. But she needs to do some preparation. She asks her mom to help her. And Dave is one of Sandy’s friends. He will also help Sandy do the preparation. So what is Sandy’s mom going to do What is Sandy going to do What are Sandy and Dave going to do Let’s listen again and fill in the chart in activity 2b.
Play the recording a third time. Ask students to write down the things the three people are going to do. Pause the tape where necessary. Check the answers.
Step IV Pairwork (Section B: 2c)
T: Suppose you are having a party. Make a list of things you need to do. Look at activity 2c. Some things are already given. Write more things you need to do.
Get students work in pairs and add more things to the list.
For example:
buy some CDs, decorate the walls, make some gifts ...
T: Now make conversations and ask your partner to do some of the things for you.
Call some pairs to demonstrate their conversations.
Step V Writing (Section B: 3b)
This activity provides writing practice using the target language and enable students to improve their writing ability.
T: We know Sandy is having a party, and she wants her friend Dave to help her with her party. So she writes an e-mail to Dave. Turn to page 69, activity 3b. Could you please help Sandy finish the e-mail
Ss: Sure.
Time permitting, ask some students to read their message to the class. Make sure they use correct structures in their e-mails.
Sample writing:
Dave,Mom says I can have the school party at my house. I need some help. When you come over on Saturday, could you help me sweep the floor Could you blow the balloons and hang them up Could you please buy some drinks and snacks And I want to take some beautiful pictures, but my camera is broken. Could you lend me yours Thanks,Sandy
Step VI Homework
1. Preview activity 3a on P69.
2. Do Self check 1 and 2.
Step VII Exercises
A. Match the sentences
( )1. Could I speak to Sam, please？
( )2. Would you like to come to my birthday party tonight？
( )3. May I come in？
( )4. What about going out for a walk？
( )5. Shall I open the door？
( )6. Will you (please) lend your pen to me？
a. Good idea!
b. Yes, please.
c. Certainly. Hold on, please.
d. I’d love to.
e. Sorry, I’m afraid not.
f. Come in, please.
Key: c d f a b c
B. Translate the sentences into English.
1. 你能接一下电话吗？
______________________________________
2. 你能把书带到教室里去吗？
______________________________________
3. 你能帮我打扫房间吗？
______________________________________
4. 我能打开窗户吗？
______________________________________
5. 你能叫他给我打个电话吗？
______________________________________
6. 我可以借你的车吗？
______________________________________
Period 4 Reading and Writing
Target language 目标语言
1. Words and phrases生词和短语
care, feed, take care of, mine
2. Key sentences重点句式
Could you please do these things every day
Give him water and feed him.
Don’t forget to clean his bed.
Ability goals 能力目标
Enable students to write an e-mail message asking for help.
Learning ability goals 学能目标
Help students learn how to write an e-mail message with the target language.
Teaching important and difficult points 教学重难点
Expressions used to make request.
Teaching aids 教具准备
Tape recorder, a projector, a computer and test papers.
Teaching procedures and ways 教学过程与方式
Step I Revision
Check the homework: Self check 1 and 2.
Sample writing (Self check 2):
Dear Li Ming,
My parents and I are going on vacation tomorrow. I went to your house, but you weren’t in. I need some help. Could you please feed my dog And could you clean the room every other day Could you open the windows to let the flesh air in But don’t forget to shut them because there will be too much heavy rain this week. Oh, there’s another important thing — could you please water the plants Thanks, Lili
Step II Reading (Section B: 3a)
T: Thomas and his parents are going on a vocation. He leaves his dog to Nancy. But Nancy doesn’t know what to do with the dog. So Thomas writes an e-mail to Nancy and tells her what to do. Now please turn to page 69, activity 3a. Read the e-mail message. First underline the things Nancy has to do.
Students will underline:
Take him for a walk
Give him water and feed him
Wash his bowl
Play with him
Clean his bed
T: So you see, it’s not easy to keep a pet. There are so many things to do. Now look at the chart next to the message. Judge which of these things are about exercise Cleaning Food Complete the chart.
After students have finished it, check the answers.
Help students to understand that:
1. take care of sb or sth = look after sb or sth
take care of yourself/the pet/the baby/the old
Note: Take care! 保重！
2. feed v. give food to ...
feed sth to sb/sth
feed dog/cat/ baby/yourself
Step III Writing (Section B: 3c)
T: When we are moving to a new house, there are always many things to do. Now work in groups and make a list of these things.
Sample list:
Sweep the floor
Clean the window
Brush the wall
Move the plants
Take care of the pets
...
T: Now imagine you are going to move to a new house. You need some help from a friend. Write an e-mail message and ask him or her for help. Look at activity 3c on page plete the e-mail by yourself.
And then let students exchange e-mails with their partners and correct each other’s message.
Step IV Groupwork (Section B: 4)
T: Now it’s time for groupwork. Get into groups of three. Student A, look at page 83. Students B, look at page 85. Students C, look at page 86. Read the instructions on your page and make conversations.
After a few minutes, ask two groups to demonstrate their conversations.
Sample conversation:
A: We need more drinks and snacks. Could you buy some
B: I’m sorry, but I don’t have any money.
C: I have money, but I don’t have a bike.
B: Could I borrow some money from you, C
C: Sure. Could I use your bike please, B
B: Yes, you can.
C: Could you please take out the trash for me, A I have a sore arm.
A: No problem.
B: Could I clean the living room, A
A: Yes, you can.
Step V Exercises
根据句子提示，将所给单词及词组分类，只写所标字母即可。
A certainly B sweep the floor C doing the dishes
D take out the trash E doing the cleaning F Yes, sure
G doing the laundry H clean the room I OK
J All right K drinking coffee L wash the dishes
1. Could you please___________________
2. _______________________________.
3. I hate _________________________.
Key:
1. BDHL 2. AFIJ 3. CEGK
二、选择所给词的正确形式填空
hate, borrow, some, have to, work on, any, make the bed, do the laundry, take out the trash, could you please, could I please, sweep the floor
1. A: Could I use your computer
B: Sorry, I am going to ___ it.
2. You can not watch TV now. You ____clean your room first.
3. I ___ some chores but I like other chores, such as sweeping the floor.
4. Could I ___ your bike I want to go to the bookstores.
5. I don’t have ____ money. Could you please lend me _____
6. The floor is dirty. So my mother says, “Could you please _____ ”
7. When the trashcan is full, I always ____.
8. My mother always _____ at about seven in the evening.
9. —Who ____ after you have dinner
— My mom does.
10. If you want to borrow a dictionary from your partner, you will say, “____ lend me your dictionary ”
三、单项选择
1. I telephoned you but you ______ at home.
A. were B. weren’t C. are D. aren’t
2. Next week my father and I ______vacation.
A. am going to B. am going on
C. are going to D. are going on
3. This is your English-Chinese dictionary. ______ is over there.
A. His B. My C. Her D. Yours
4. He ____ a few birds ______ in the tree when he went back home.
A. hears, sing B. hears, singing
C. heard, sing D. heard, singing
5. —Must I go to school, Mum
—No, you _____.
A. may B. need
C. needn’t D. may not
6. It’s time to get up. Don’t forget ___ your bed.
A. make B. makes
C. making D. to make
7. —Could I invite my friends _____ to our house
—Yes, you can.
A. come B. to come C. comes D. coming
8. He doesn’t like doing his homework ____ it’s boring.
A. so B. because
C. and D. but
9. — _______ do you sweep the floor
—Every day.
A. How B. How long
C. How often D. How soon
10. The girl often helps her mother______ chores.
A. do B. does
C. doing D. did
Key: 1-5 BDADC 6-10 DBBCA
四、完形填空
Two women were quarrelling (吵架) on the train. One wanted to open the window, and 1 wanted to close it. Then the conductor came to them. One woman said to the conductor,“If this window is open, I will 2 a cold. And perhaps I will die of cold. ”
The other woman said, “But if the window is 3 . I’ll feel hard to breathe and I may die.”
The conductor didn’t know 4 to do.
One man said, “I’ve been listening to them 5 the time. I don’t think 6 of us can help them. It’s 7 to leave them alone.”
Then the man sitting 8 to them had an idea.
“ 9 , open the window and that will make one die,” he said, “next 10 it and that will make the other die, then we’ll have peace (安宁).”
1. A. other B. the other
C. another D. one
2. A. catch B. had C. caught D. get
3. A. open B. close C. closed D. leave
4. A. which B. who C. how D. what
5. A. all B. along C. whole D. around
6. A. some B. one C. any D. none
7. A. good B. better C. best D. well
8. A. beside B. next C. by D. behind
9. A. At first B. One C. The first D. First
10. A. leave B. open C. taken D. close
Key: 1-5 BACDA 6-10 DBBDD
五、阅读理解，根据文章内容判断正误。
Once an American was in Africa (非洲) and wanted to go to a small village in the hills. He got on a bus and the driver said, “The yellow ticket is one dollar (美元). I have two other tickets. The red one is fifty cents (美分), and the green ten cents.” “A green one please,” said the man. Now the bus is going up a hill. Suddenly it stopped. “Yellow ticket passengers (乘客),” said the drive, “stay in the bus, please. Red ticket passengers, get out and walk. Green ticket passengers, get out, close the door, and push (推) the bus.”
( ) 1. The village was in America.
( ) 2. The driver had three kinds of tickets.
( ) 3. The American bought the green ticket because he didn’t have enough money.
( ) 4. No one bought the yellow tickets.
( ) 5. At last the American had to push the bus up the hill.
Key: FTFFT
六、书面表达
这个周末你与父母去海宾度假，你的宠物小猫需要好友Ted帮忙照顾。请用下面的提示词给Ted写份留言。
take care of, take for a walk, feed and give some water, play with him, clean
Teaching resources 教学资源库
I. 语法解析
一、表示礼貌地提出请求
请你……好吗？
Could you please + do sth / Could you + do sth Would you please + do sth / Would you + do sth 肯定回答：
Sure. / Of course. (当然可以)
No problem.（没问题）I’d love to.（我很乐意）
否定回答：
Sorry. (对不起) I’d love to（我很乐意）. But I have to / must / should ...
e.g.
1. —Could you please clean our yard
—Sure. I’d love to.
—Sorry. I’d love to. But I have to do my homework first.
2. 请你打开灯好吗？
Would you please turn on the light
3. 请关上门好吗？
Would you close the door
二、征求对方许可
我能……吗？/ 我们能……吗？
Could I / we + do sth Could I / we please + do sth
肯定回答：
Sure. / Of course. (当然可以)
No problem.（没问题） Yes, you can. (可以)
否定回答：
Sorry. (对不起). / No, you can’t. (不，不行)
You have to / must / should do ... first.
II. 词汇与表达
1. trash n.（Am. E）垃圾；废物；残屑
rubbish n. (Bri. E)
a trash-can一个垃圾箱
Could you please take out the trash when you go out 你出去时能把垃圾拿出去吗？
2. chore n.（可数名词）杂务，杂事，日常的普通工作 housework家务
do the chores做杂务, do housework做家务活
She often helps her mother do the chores.
她经常帮助她妈妈干杂务活。
Who does the housework in your house
在你家谁做家务？
3. hate v.讨厌；憎恨；憎恶
hate to do / hate doing sth讨厌干某事
like to do / like doing sth喜欢干某事
hate和like接不定式或动名词在意思上没有多大区别。一般情况下，不定式表示某一次或某几次的动作，而动名词表示经常性的行为。
I like swimming. 我喜欢游泳。
He hates getting up early. 他讨厌早起。
I hate to trouble you. 我不愿意麻烦你。
4. borrow v. 借进，借来 lend v. 借出
borrow sth from sb. 向某人借……
lend sb sth=lend sth to sb把……借给某人
You can borrow some money from your brother if you want to buy the CD player.
如果你想买那个CD机，你可以向你的哥哥借些钱。
Who lent you the bike 谁借给你自行车的？
注意：在表达“借了多长时间”时，即不能用borrow也不能用lend，因为它们都是终止性的动词。要用keep。例如：
How long may I keep the book
这本书我可以借多长时间？
5. invite v. 邀请 invitation n. 邀请；请柬
invite sb to do sth/to dinner/to the party/to one’s house
邀请某人干某事/吃饭/参加晚会/去某人家
They invited me to go for a picnic with them last Sunday.
上星期天他们邀请我和他们一起去野餐了。
I got his invitation to his exhibition.
我得到了他展览会的邀请。
6. teenager n. 青少年 这个词由teen（十几岁，从13-19）加上age，再加上r，表示人。
Teenagers are not allowed to drive.
青少年不允许开车。
7. feed v. 喂养，给予食物
feed sb with sth / feed sth to sb用……喂给某人
feed on=live on以……为食
III. 重点短语
take out ... 把…… 拿出去
do the dishes 洗餐具 = wash the dishes
do the laundry 洗衣服 = wash the clothes
do chores 处理琐事；干家务 = do housework
go to a meeting 开会（指参加听讲）= have a meeting
hold a meeting 开会（指召集会议）
work on + 名词/v-ing 从事；忙于……
sweep the floor擦地
make one’s bed/make the bed/make the beds铺床
fold the clothes叠衣服
do the laundry洗衣服
stay out late在外边呆到很晚
have/take a test（参加）考查；进行考试
take care of=look after照看
play with sb/sth和……一起玩
forget/remember to do 忘记/记住去干某事
forget/remember doing忘记/记住干过某事
have/hold a school party举行学校晚会
IV. 重点句子
1. You have to clean your room first. 你得先把房间打扫干净。
have to 是情态动词“不得不”，表示客观“必须”，它具备实义动词的特点--有人称和数的变化，变成否定形式时加助动词“don’t/doesn’t/didn’t”，变为疑问形式时，需要加助动词“Do/Does/Did ...”例如：
You don’t have to go there now.
你不必现在去那里。
My friend doesn’t have to go to school by bus because he lives near the school.
我的朋友没必要坐车去上学，因为他住的离学校很近。
Do you have to be there by six o’clock
你必须在六点前赶到那里吗？
2. Thanks for taking care of my dog.
谢谢你帮我照看狗。
Thanks for/Thank you for ... “for”为介词，在英语中，介词后面要接名词或动名词——即动词后面加-ing形式，例如：
Thanks for your help/your invitation to your party.
谢谢你的帮助/你的聚会请柬。（help和invitation均为名词）
Thanks for helping me/inviting me to your party. 谢谢你帮助我/邀请我参加你的聚会。
（helping和inviting均为动名词）
3. Take him for a walk. 带它去散散步。
此类句子为祈使句，省略了主语“You”，表示请求，命令，建议等等。例如：
Give him water and feed him.
要给他水喝，给他喂食。
Then wash his bowl. 然后把他的碗洗干净。
Don’t forget to clean his bed.
不要忘记给他清理睡觉的床。
4. I went to your home, but you weren’t in.
我去你家了，可你不在。
be in在家（表示状态）
V. 背景知识
In the U.S., it is believed that children with regular household chores have a better self-image, become more responsible and competent, and feel more closely connected to the family. Household chores are assigned to each family member. Many families use a chart to record which chores each family member will do during the month. Chores are assigned by the parents to each child and are selected to match the ability of the child. More difficult chores are usually assigned to the older children, and children are usually paid an allowance each month. The older children usually receive a larger allowance, which reflects the quantity and the type of chores that they do.
The following are some typical chores of them.
Daily Tasks
·Making your bed (younger children)
·keeping your bedroom clean
·Washing and drying own dishes (as they use them)
·Putting dirty clothes in the laundry basket
·Walking / feeding the dog
Major Chores
·Doing the laundry
·Sweeping or vacuuming
·Cooking
·Taking out the garbage
·Mowing the lawn / weeding the yard
·Washing the dog
·Washing the car
·Cleaning the windows
·Dusting the house