Ⅰ.匹配词义
A．单词匹配
( )1.entrepreneurial
A.n.日出(时分)；黎明；拂晓
( )2.cosmetics
B．n.突然的兴趣，迷恋
( )3.manufacturer
C．adj.头晕目眩的
( )4.obstacle
D．n.制造商；制造公司，制造厂
( )5.bug
E．adj.创业的，具有创业精神的
( )6.sunrise
F．n.化妆品，美容品
( )7.dizzy
G．n.(商品的)分销，经销
( )8.distribution
H．n.障碍，阻碍，妨碍
[答案] 1－5 EFDHB 6－8 ACG
B．短语匹配
( )1.take
a
deep
breath
A．深呼吸
( )2.be
fond
of
B．仓促行事
( )3.rush
into
things
C．梦想某事/做某事
( )4.in
the
hope
of
D．怀有……的希望
( )5.be
willing
to
do
sth.
E．喜欢
( )6.dream
of
sth./doing
sth.
F．乐意去做某事
[答案] 1－6 AEBDFC
Ⅱ.默写单词
1．blank
adj.
无表情的
2．potential
n.
(事物的)潜力，可能性
3．enterprising
adj.
有创业精神的；有事业心的；有进取
心的
4．phase
n.
阶段，时期
5．purchase
v.
购买
6．bonus
n.
奖金；红利
7．guidance
n.
指导，引导
8．consultant
n.
顾问
9．forehead
n.
额，前额
10．input
n.
投入(物)
Ⅰ.语境填词
bonus；consultant；forehead；dizzy；blank；phase；guidance；potential；purchase；enterprising
1．In
fact，climbing
so
high
made
me
feel
dizzy．
2．Sign
your
name
in
the
blank
space
below.
3．The
forehead
is
the
part
of
the
face
above
the
eyes
and
below
the
hair.
4．The
product
has
even
more
potential
in
export
markets.
5．I
think
your
friend
is
an
enterprising
man.
6．The
wedding
marked
the
beginning
of
a
new
phase
in
Emma's
life.
7．The
customer
can
purchase
the
equipment
from
your
local
supplier.
8．The
man
is
the
President's
consultant
on
economic
affairs.
9．Activities
all
take
place
under
the
guidance
of
an
experienced
tutor.
10．A
bonus
is
an
extra
amount
of
money
added
to
sb.'s
wages
as
a
reward.
Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词
1．She
stared
at
him
blankly(blank)not
knowing
what
to
say
next.
2．Your
forehead(head)
is
burning.Have
you
got
a
fever?
3．Debra
is
a
very
enterprising(enterprise)young
black
businesswoman
who
is
involved
in
a
lot
of
activities.
4．The
company's
distribution(distribute)network
has
been
expanded.
5．This
is
Spain's
largest
distributor(distribute)of
petroleum
products.
6．The
nation
looks
to
them
for
guidance(guide)．
7．He
is
a
consultant(consult)employed
by
our
company.
1．She
couldn't，however，hide
the
line
of
sweat
running
down
her
forehead...
然而，她无法掩盖额头上流淌着的那道汗水……
2．“Conditions
are
ideal
here，”she
says.“This
is
a
place
where
roses
grow
wild.”
“这里的环境理想”，她说。“是种植野生玫瑰的地方”。
3．“But
I
also
wanted
to
give
something
back
to
my
home
town...”
“但我也想给我的家乡一些回馈……”
4．“...Few
in
the
village
believed
I
could
create
a
multi?million
yuan
business
from
flowers，”says
Zhang.
“……村里很少有人相信我能创建一个靠鲜花获利几百万元的公司，”张月说。
5．...she
advises
that
people
be
realistic
and
seek
guidance
from
expert
consultants
before
rushing
into
things.
……她建议人们要现实一点，向内行的顾问寻求指导，以免仓促行事。
词汇积累
①sweat
n．汗；出汗；v.出汗；流汗
②studio
n．(广播、电视的)录音室，录像室
③blank
adj.空白的；没表情的；不理解的；不感兴趣的
④clue
n．(问题答案的)线索，提示
⑤take
a
deep
breath
深呼吸
out
of
breath
上气不接下气
⑥struggle
to
do
sth.挣扎做某事；努力做某事
⑦presentation
n．展示
⑧be
fond
of
喜欢
⑨valley
n．谷；山谷
⑩pick
v．选择；挑选；采，摘
?delicate
adj.易损的；易碎的；脆弱的；精美的；小巧玲珑的
?end
up
doing
sth.以做某事结束
?surprise
v．使某人吃惊
?freedom
n．自由
free
adj.自由的
?bug
n．突然的兴趣，迷恋
?a
number
of许多的
谓语动词用复数
the
number
of...数目
谓语动词用单数
?in
the
hope
of怀着(……发生的)希望
?meet
with遭受，受到
?rejection
n．拒绝；否决
?all?important
adj.极重要的
entrepreneur
n．创业者；企业家
obstacle
n．障碍；阻碍，妨碍
initial
adj.最初的
initially
adv.最初地
persuade劝说；说服
persuade
sb.to
do
sth.＝persuade
sb.into
doing
sth.说服某人去做某事
cosmetics
n．化妆品
be
willing
to
do
sth.乐意去做某事
decent
adj.像样的；相当不错的
dream
of
doing
sth.梦想做某事
rush
into
things
常用口语表达方式，意思是仓促行事
run
v．经营
determination
n．决心；果断
sound
adj.明智的；合理的
capital
n．首都；国都；资金
negotiate
v．谈判；磋商
ambitious
adj.有野心的
原文呈现
Business
Blossoms
As
she
spoke，Zhang
Yue
put
her
hands
behind
her
back
to
hide
that
they
were
shaking.She
couldn't，however，hide
the
line
of
sweat①
running
down
her
forehead，which
was
caused
partly
by
the
heat
of
the
television
studio②，but
more
by
fear
of
the
four
people
seated
in
front
of
her.They
stared
back，their
blank③
faces
giving
no
clue④
as
to
what
they
would
say
next[1].
Feeling
dizzy，Zhang
Yue
took
a
deep
breath⑤
as
she
struggled
to
finish⑥
her
presentation⑦，“And
that
is
why
I
need
your
help
in
turning
my
new
and
exciting
business
into
a
successful
one.”
[1]their
blank
faces
giving
no
clue
as
to...是独立主格结构作状语，其中what引导宾语从句，作介词to的宾语。
Now
chairwoman
of
her
own
company，Zhang
Yue
is
fond
of⑧
saying，“The
early
bird
catches
the
worm.”The
place
where
this
happens
is
a
valley⑨，a
world
away
from
any
television
studio.Moving
carefully
through
the
darkness，she
passes
row
upon
row
of
rose
plants.In
an
hour，these
fields
will
be
full
of
people，working
quickly
to
pick⑩
the
flowers
before
sunrise.“It
has
to
be
done
then，”
says
Zhang.“These
flowers
are
delicate?.”
Zhang
never
thought
that
this
was
something
she
would
end
up
doing?.Surrounded
by
roses
as
she
was
growing
up，she
paid
them
little
attention.It
was
only
after
graduating
from
university
overseas
and
returning
to
visit
her
parents
that
Zhang
realised
the
potential.[2]“Conditions
are
ideal
here，”
she
says.“This
is
a
place
where
roses
grow
wild.”
[2]这是一个强调句型，被强调的是时间状语。
Zhang
therefore
decided
to
return
to
her
home
town
and
grow
roses，which
surprised?
many
people[3]．“I
wanted
to
experience
the
freedom?
of
being
my
own
boss，”
she
said.“But
I
also
wanted
to
give
something
back
to
my
home
town.As
people
say，‘It
takes
a
village
to
raise
a
child.’”
[3]which引导的非限制性定语从句，其先行词为前面的整个主句。
She
is
not
the
only
young
person
to
have
been
bitten
by
the
start?up
bug?.All
over
the
world，an
increasing
number
of?
enterprising
young
people
are
thinking
of
starting
their
own
businesses，as
the
growing
economy
creates
more
opportunities.Like
Zhang，they
present
their
ideas
in
the
hope
of?
getting
investment
and
advice，and
they
have
the
same
passion
and
devotion.The
majority
meet
with?
rejection?.A
few，like
Zhang
Yue，find
themselves
lucky
enough
to
get
investment
and
the
all?important?
input
and
support
from
more
experienced
business
people.The
road
to
their
success
is
however
still
a
long
and
difficult
one，with
many
challenges
along
the
way.
As
someone
who
grew
up
in
the
country，Zhang
already
knew
about
growing
plants.However，like
any
entrepreneur
who
was
just
starting
out，she
still
had
a
lot
to
learn.She
has
overcome
a
number
of
obstacles
in
nursing
her
business
to
the
success
it
is
today.“The
biggest
challenge
at
the
initial
phase
was
to
persuade
people
to
work
for
me，which
was
totally
outside
my
experience[4]．Few
in
the
village
believed
I
could
create
a
multi?million
yuan
business
from
flowers，”
says
Zhang.“After
I
went
on
TV，a
major
Asian
manufacturer
of
cosmetics
was
willing
to
purchase
my
product
and
help
with
its
distribution.It
was
only
then
that
the
locals
began
to
believe
me.[5]
Now
my
product
is
one
of
the
best
in
Asia.This
year，I
can
pay
all
my
fellow
workers
a
decent
bonus.”
[4]which引导的非限制性定语从句，其先行词是to
persuade
people
to
work
for
me。
[5]此句为强调句型，被强调的是时间状语。
Seeing
her
peers
who
also
dream
of
success
and
independence，Zhang
has
mixed
feelings.Though
she
welcomes
the
new
entrepreneurial
spirit，she
advises
that
people
be
realistic
and
seek
guidance
from
expert
consultants
before
rushing
into
things.
“I
love
running
my
own
business，but
it's
not
for
everyone，”
says
Zhang.“To
succeed
in
business，you
need
more
than
a
good
idea，hard
work
and
determination.What
really
matters[6]
is
a
sound
business
plan，access
to
capital，and
good
management
and
negotiating
skills.Most
of
all，don't
be
too
ambitious.You
should
know
your
own
limits
and
those
of
the
people
you
work
with.For
young
people
who
have
little
life
experience，that
can
be
a
challenge.”
[6]what引导的主语从句，作整个句子的主语。
译文参考
生意兴隆
张月一边说话，一边把双手放在背后，以掩盖它们在发抖。然而，她无法掩盖额头上流淌着的那道汗水，一部分是由于电视演播室的高温造成的，但更多的是因为害怕坐在她前面的四个人。他们回头看了看，从他们没有表情的脸上根本看不出接下来他们会说什么。张月感到头晕目眩，她深吸了一口气，艰难地结束了介绍，“这就是为什么我需要你们的帮助，把我的新的、令人兴奋的公司变成一家成功的公司。”
张月现在是她自己公司的董事长，她喜欢说：“早起的鸟儿有虫吃。”发生这件事的地方是一个山谷，一个远离任何电视演播室的世界。她小心翼翼地在黑暗中行走，经过一行行的玫瑰。再过一个小时，这些田地里就会挤满了人，他们要在日出前迅速地摘下这些花。“必须在那时候摘，”张月说，“这些花很娇嫩。”
张月从没想过她最终会从事这样的工作。即便她是在玫瑰丛中长大的，却很少注意到它们。直到从海外大学毕业回国探望父母后，张月才意识到这一潜力。“这里的环境理想，”她说，“是野生玫瑰生长的地方。”
因此，张月决定回到家乡种玫瑰，这让很多人感到惊讶。“我想体验自己做老板的自由，”她说，“但我也想给我的家乡一些回馈。正如人们所说：‘养育一个孩子需要一个村庄。’”
她并不是唯一一个热衷于创业的年轻人。全世界越来越多有进取心的年轻人都在考虑自己创业，因为经济的增长创造了更多的机会。像张月一样，他们提出自己的想法，希望得到投资和建议，他们有同样的热情和奉献精神。大多数人遭到拒绝。一些人，像张月，发现自己足够幸运，能够从更有经验的商业人士那里得到投资和极其重要的投入及支持。然而，他们的成功之路依然漫长而艰难，同时也面临着许多挑战。
作为一个在农村长大的人，张月已经知道怎样种植植物。但是，和任何一个刚开始的创业者一样，她还有很多东西要学。她已经克服了许多障碍，使自己的企业取得了今天的成功，“最初阶段最大的挑战是说服人们为我工作，这完全超出了我的经历。村里很少有人相信我能创建一个靠鲜花获利几百万元的公司，”张月说，“我上了电视后，一家主要的亚洲化妆品制造商愿意购买我的产品并帮我分销。就是在那时，本地人才开始相信我。现在我的产品是亚洲最好的产品之一。今年，我可以给所有同事发一笔可观的奖金。”
看到同龄人也梦想着成功和独立，张月百感交集。
尽管她欢迎这种新的创业精神，但她建议人们要现实一点，向内行的顾问寻求指导，以免仓促行事。
“我喜欢经营自己的企业，但并不适合所有人。”张月说，
“要想在企业上取得成功，你需要的不仅仅是好的想法、努力工作和决心。
真正重要的是一个完备的商业计划、获得资金的渠道、以及良好的管理和谈判技巧。
最重要的是，不要太有野心。
你应该知道自己和同事的极限。
对于鲜有生活经验的年轻人来说，这是一个挑战。”
8/8课时分层作业(十)
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．He
wiped
away
the
beads
of
sweat
on
his
forehead(前额)．
2．Her
head
still
hurt，and
she
felt
slightly
dizzy(头晕目眩)．
3．I
am
confident
because
I
know
the
creative
and
enterprising
(有进取心的)spirit
of
this
region's
people.
4．We
will
forever
be
grateful
for
his
considerable
input(投入)．
5．The
phase(阶段)
of
writing
that
is
actually
most
important
is
revision.
6．The
medicine
was
ready
for
distribution(分销)．
7．He
was
a
consultant(顾问)
to
the
Swedish
government.
8．He
purchased(购买)
a
ticket
and
went
up
on
the
top
deck.
9．Pupils
will
need
careful
guidance
(指导)on
their
choice
of
options.
10．I
got
a
five?month
bonus(奖金)
last
year.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
Stephen
Wiltshire
is
a
famous
artist.His
drawings
—often
drawn
from
memory
and
at
great
speed—are
sketched(素描)
on
the
spot
at
street
level.
Stephen，who
was
born
in
London
in
1974，didn't
say
a
word
as
a
small
child，and
found
it
hard
to
relate
to
other
people.At
the
age
of
five，Stephen
was
sent
to
Queensmill
School，London，where
it
soon
became
apparent
that
he
communicated
through
the
language
of
drawing.His
teachers
encouraged
him
to
speak
by
taking
away
his
art
materials
for
a
short
time；eventually
he
said
his
first
words—“paper”
and
“pencil”—but
didn't
learn
to
speak
fully
until
the
age
of
nine.
Stephen
loved
drawing
and
he
was
seldom
to
be
found
without
pen
and
paper.Once
he
took
part
in
art
competitions，news
of
his
great
talent
began
to
spread.Early
fans
included
the
late
Prime
Minister
Edward
Heath
who
bought
his
drawing
of
Salisbury
Cathedral，made
when
Stephen
was
just
eight.
But
Stephen
came
to
wider
public
attention
when
the
BBC
featured
him
in
the
programme，The
Foolish
Wise
Ones
in
1987，when
he
was
introduced
by
Sir
Hugh
Casson(a
past
president
of
the
Royal
Academy)，as
“the
best
child
artist
in
Britain”.
After
that，Stephen's
reputation
grew
worldwide.A
second
BBC
documentary
in
2001
showed
Stephen
flying
over
London
in
a
helicopter
and
later
completing
a
detailed
drawing
of
London
within
three
hours，which
included
12
historic
landmarks(地标性建筑)and
200
other
structures.
In
2006
Stephen
was
recognised
for
his
services
to
the
art
world，when
he
was
made
a
member
of
the
Order
of
the
British
Empire.Today
wherever
Stephen
goes，people
are
attracted
by
his
outstanding
talent.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了天才画家Stephen
Wiltshire。他在一个陌生的城市，只要在街上转一圈，就可以把街景建筑全都像电脑一样事无巨细地储存下来，再用画笔还原出来。
1．What
problem
did
Stephen
have
when
he
was
a
small
child?
A．No
schools
wanted
him.
B．No
teachers
liked
him.
C．He
couldn't
speak.
D．He
couldn't
spell.
C [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Stephen...didn't
say
a
word
as
a
small
child...but
didn't
learn
to
speak
fully
until
the
age
of
nine.”可知，Stephen小时候不会说话。]
2．When
did
Stephen
become
world?famous?
A．After
his
second
BBC
documentary.
B．After
the
programme
The
Foolish
Wise
Ones．
C．After
he
met
with
the
late
Prime
Minister
Edward
Heath.
D．After
Sir
Hugh
Casson
bought
his
drawing
of
Salisbury
Cathedral.
B [细节理解题。根据第五段中的“After
that，Stephen's
reputation
grew
worldwide.”，再结合第四段内容可知，Stephen上了BBC的节目The
Foolish
Wise
Ones之后开始闻名世界。]
3．What
is
special
about
Stephen's
drawing
of
London?
A．It
was
his
greatest
work.
B．It
was
drawn
in
a
helicopter.
C．It
featured
historic
landmarks.
D．It
was
finished
in
a
short
time.
D [细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“completing
a
detailed
drawing
of
London
within
three
hours”可知，Stephen只用了三个小时就完成了伦敦画作。另外第一段中的“His
drawings—often
drawn
from
memory
and
at
great
speed”也说明了Stephen绘画速度之快。]
4．The
text
is
likely
to
appear
in
．
A．a
novel
B．a
biography
C．an
official
report
D．a
history
paper
B [文章出处题。本文按照时间顺序介绍了天才画家Stephen
Wiltshire从小至今的主要事迹，因此本文最有可能出自一篇传记。]
B
According
to
a
recent
study
published
in
Journal
of
Consumer
Research，many
people
believe
that
healthy
food
must
be
more
expensive
than
unhealthy
food.In
fact，the
study's
researchers
found
that
a
high
price
tag
will
even
convince
consumers
that
a
certain
food
is
healthful.
According
to
Rebecca
Reczek，co?author
of
the
study，the
purpose
of
the
study
was
to
examine
a
popular
belief．Sometimes
the
belief
can
be
true：Organic
produce
and
wild?caught
seafood
typically
cost
more
money.But
other
times，the
nutritional
value
of
food
ranks
all
the
same.
In
one
experiment，Reczek's
team
gave
a
group
of
participants
a
new
food
product
called
“granola
bites”．Some
participants
were
told
the
product
was
very
healthy.Other
participants
were
told
the
bites
had
little
nutritional
value.Participants
who
were
told
the
granola
bites
were
good
for
them
rated
the
snack
as
more
expensive
than
the
participants
who
thought
the
bites
were
unhealthy.
In
another
experiment，participants
were
given
a
health
food
bar
labeled
as
“the
healthiest
protein
bar
on
the
planet”．Some
participants
were
told
the
bar
cost
just
$0.99，others
were
told
the
bar
was
$4.And
here's
what
happened：The
people
who
were
given
the
“cheaper”
bar
needed
to
read
a
lot
more
reviews
about
the
product
when
it
was
priced
at
a
lower
price
point
in
order
to
trust
that
it
was
healthy.
The
idea
that
we
all
believe
healthy
food
needs
to
be
more
expensive
works
against
us.All
food
companies
need
to
do
is
push
up
the
price
to
convince
us.
But
Reczek
said，“When
we
shop，we
don't
have
to
be
led
astray.We
can
compare
nutrition
labels
and
we
can
do
research
before
we
go
to
the
grocery
store.We
can
use
facts
rather
than
our
intuition(直觉)．”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，人们认为越贵的食物营养价值就越高，这种想法很容易被商家利用。
5．What
does
“a
popular
belief”
underlined
in
Paragraph
2
refer
to?
A．That
people
should
eat
healthy
food.
B．That
organic
produce
is
really
healthy
for
us.
C．That
the
nutritional
value
of
food
isn't
the
same.
D．That
eating
healthy
food
means
spending
more
money.
D [推理判断题。根据第一段中的“many
people
believe
that
healthy
food
must
be
more
expensive
than
unhealthy
food.”以及第二段中的“Sometimes
the
belief
can
be
true：Organic
produce
and
wild?caught
seafood
typically
cost
more
money.But
other
times，the
nutritional
value
of
food
ranks
all
the
same.”可知，这个很普遍的观点就是：越贵的食物营养价值就越高。]
6．Why
did
some
participants
regard
the
granola
bites
as
more
expensive?
A．Because
they
knew
they
had
high
nutritional
value.
B．Because
they
had
been
told
about
the
price
of
them.
C．Because
they
knew
they
were
a
new
food
product.
D．Because
they
considered
them
organic
food.
A [细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Participants
who
were
told
the
granola
bites
were
good
for
them
rated
the
snack
as
more
expensive
than
the
participants
who
thought
the
bites
were
unhealthy.”可知，他们认为这种食物价格更高是因为他们被告知这种食物对他们的健康有益，即营养价值高。]
7．How
did
some
participants
react
when
hearing
the
bar
cost
$0.99?
A．They
considered
it
healthy.
B．They
were
doubtful
about
it.
C．They
really
wanted
to
buy
it.
D．They
were
very
happy
about
it.
B [推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The
people
who
were
given
the
‘cheaper’
bar
needed
to
read
a
lot
more
reviews
about
the
product
when
it
was
priced
at
a
lower
price
point
in
order
to
trust
that
it
was
healthy.”可知，他们对低的价格持怀疑态度。]
8．According
to
Reczek，what
should
we
do
when
we
go
shopping?
A．Buy
food
that
is
more
expensive.
B．Consult
other
people
for
advice.
C．Pay
attention
to
nutrition
labels.
D．Avoid
buying
unknown
food.
C [细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“We
can
compare
nutrition
labels
and
we
can
do
research
before
we
go
to
the
grocery
store.”可知选C项。]
Ⅲ.阅读七选五
Need
more
excitement
in
your
life?
Maybe
it's
time
to
take
up
an
extreme
sport!
1
Each
year
they
are
becoming
more
and
more
popular.Some
examples
of
extreme
sports
include
base
jumping，ice
climbing，cave
diving，and...cheese
rolling？！
No
one
knows
exactly
how
it
started，but
Cooper's
Hill
Cheese?Rolling
Race
is
an
annual
event
that
has
taken
place
for
over
100
years.The
name
comes
from
Cooper's
Hill
where
the
“sport”
takes
place，just
outside
the
village
of
Brockworth，England.
2
A
wheel
of
cheese
is
thrown
down
a
hill
while
a
group
of
people
chase
after
it，trying
to
be
the
first
to
catch
it
or
reach
the
bottom
of
the
hill.The
cheese
weighs
just
over
3kg
and
picks
up
a
lot
of
speed
travelling
down
the
very
steep
slope(斜坡)．
3
And
if
you
come
second
or
third
you'll
receive
￡10.Incredibly，the
event
has
become
so
popular
that
people
travel
from
all
over
the
world
to
take
part—even
from
as
far
away
as
Canada
and
Australia.
But
what
makes
the
sport
so
extreme，and
why
has
the
local
government
tried
to
ban
the
tradition?
Injuries—and
lots
of
them.The
hill
is
so
steep
that
it's
not
actually
possible
to
run
down
it.
4
Ambulances
arrive
at
the
event
before
the
race
even
starts
in
preparation
for
all
those
who
will
need
a
trip
to
the
hospital.Go
to
YouTube
and
search
for
“Gloucestershire
Cheese
Rolling”
to
see
the
event
in
action.
5
Maybe
you
will
want
to
have
a
try
someday.
A．It's
as
silly
as
it
sounds.
B．If
you
win，you
get
to
keep
the
cheese.
C．Is
it
wrong
to
let
children
do
extreme
sports?
D．These
popular
activities
can
be
extremely
dangerous.
E．Be
prepared
to
both
laugh
and
cover
your
eyes
in
shock.
F．Instead，you
fall，bounce
and
roll
your
way
to
the
bottom.
G．Extreme
sports
are
activities
that
involve
a
high
amount
of
danger
and
excitement.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了滚奶酪极限运动。
1．G [G项中的Extreme
sports与上文的“an
extreme
sport”相呼应；该空后的they即指代G项中的Extreme
sports。]
2．A [下文的“A
wheel
of
cheese
is
thrown
down
a
hill...the
bottom
of
the
hill.”是对A项的具体说明，即这项运动看起来和听起来一样傻。]
3．B [B项与下文的“And
if
you
come
second
or
third
you'll
receive
￡10.”都是对奖项的说明。]
4．F [F项是对上文的“The
hill
is
so
steep
that
it's
not
actually
possible
to
run
down
it.”的进一步说明，指出该项运动为什么危险。]
5．E [E项与上文的“search
for
‘Gloucestershire
Cheese
Rolling’
to
see
the
event
in
action”相呼应。]
6/6定语从句
一
、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
[观察例句]
1．This
is
the
place
which
is
worth
visiting.
2．Those
who
expect
the
worst
are
less
likely
to
be
disappointed.
3．His
favorite
hobbies
are
swimming
and
gardening，which
have
become
a
necessary
part
of
his
life.
4．My
father
was
easily
cheated，which
surprised
me.
5．The
reason
why
he
failed
in
the
exam
was
that
he
didn't
study
hard.
6．We
then
moved
to
Paris，where
we
lived
for
six
years.
[归纳用法]
1．引导定语从句的有关系代词(who，whom，that，which，as)、关系副词(where，when，why)和介词＋关系代词。关系词包括关系代词和关系副词。
2．定语从句可以分为限制性定语从句(如例1、例2、例5)
和非限制性定语从句(如例3、例4、例6)。
3．限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。该从句与主句的关系十分密切，和先行词之间没有逗号分开，作宾语的关系代词通常可以省略。
4．非限制性定语从句只是对先行词作附加补充说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚完整。该从句与主句的关系不是很密切，和先行词之间有逗号分开；不能用why引导，一般不用that引导；关系代/副词均不可省略。
5．定语从句的先行词可以是一个词(如例2、例6)、几个词(如例1、例3、例5)或整个句子(如例4)。
[名师点津]
(一)关系代词的用法
关系代词
先行词
句法功能
who
人
主语、宾语(限制性定语从句中可省略)
whom
人
宾语(限制性定语从句中可省略)
whose
人或物
定语
that
人或物
主语、宾语(可省略)、表语、状语(可省略)
which
物
主语、宾语(限制性定语从句中可省略)
as
人或物
主语、宾语
1.关系代词通常用that的情况：
(1)先行词是不定代词或者先行词被不定代词所修饰时
Do
you
have
anything
that
you
want
to
say
for
yourself?
(2)先行词被序数词，形容词最高级，the
only，the
very，the
last等修饰时
This
is
one
of
the
most
exciting
football
games
that
I
have
ever
seen.
(3)先行词既有人又有物时
The
scientist
and
his
achievements
that
you
told
me
about
are
admired
by
us
all.
(4)定语从句出现在which或who开头的特殊疑问句中时
Which
is
the
bike
that
you
lost?
(5)有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词用了which时
They
secretly
built
up
a
small
factory，which
produced
things
that
could
cause
pollution.
(6)先行词在主句中作表语，关系代词在从句中作表语时。
Shanghai
is
no
longer
the
city
that
it
used
to
be.
(7)主句是there
be句型且关系词在从句中作主语时
There
is
a
seat
in
the
corner
that
is
still
available.
(8)先行词为the
way
，关系代词在从句中作状语时
I
hate
the
way
that
she
always
criticizes
me.
2．关系代词只用which的情况：
(1)引导非限制性定语从句
Helen
was
much
kinder
to
her
youngest
son
than
to
the
others，which，of
course，made
the
others
envy
him.
(2)关系代词充当介词的宾语，且介词位于关系代词之前
This
is
the
house
in
which
Lu
Xun
once
lived.
(二)关系副词的用法
关系副词
先行词
句法功能
when
时间
时间状语
where
地点
地点状语
why
原因
原因状语
当先行词为situation，case，stage，point等表示抽象意义的词，且关系词在定语从句中作状语时，用关系副词where。
(三)which与as引导非限制性定语从句的区别
which
as
只能放在主句的后面
位置灵活，可放在主句前，也可放在主句后，有时还可插入主句中
无动词的限制
谓语动词通常是表示感觉或心理活动的动词，如see，hear，know，expect，remember等
意为“这一点”
意为“正如……，正像……的那样”
[即学即练1] 单句语法填空
①A
plane
is
a
machine
that/which
can
fly.
②The
result
was
not
the
same
as
they
had
expected，which
was
rather
disappointing.
③This
is
the
only
thing
that
we
can
do
now.
④The
school
where
I
study
is
far
from
my
home.
⑤My
daughter，whose
job
requires
her
to
do
a
lot
of
travelling，is
always
away
from
home.
⑥Who
is
the
boy
that
won
the
gold
medal?
二、“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句
[观察例句]
1．This
depends
on
the
purpose
for
which
the
exhaust
steam
is
used.
2．In
the
dark
street
there
wasn't
a
single
person
to
whom
she
could
turn
for
help.
3．We
first
attended
the
opening
parade，for
which
our
class
had
made
a
lot
of
preparations.
4．He
is
telling
a
story
of
Lei
Feng，of
whom
every
one
of
us
is
proud.
5．Recently，I
bought
an
ancient
vase，the
price
of
which
was
very
reasonable.
6．He
has
ten
cousins，the
youngest
of
whom
is
very
clever.
7．Lily
might
possibly
come，in
which
case
I'll
ask
her.
8．There
is
a
big
window
in
my
room，from
where
I
can
see
the
railway
station.
[归纳用法]
1．介词后的关系代词只用which
或
whom。
2．介词的选用受到三个方面的制约：(1)介词与先行词的搭配习惯(如例
1
中的for
the
purpose
)；(2)介词是从句中谓语的组成部分(如例
2
中的turn
to，例4
中的
is
proud
of
)；(3)句子意思表达的需要(如例
3
)。
3．“名词/代词＋介词＋关系代词”可用“whose＋名词”替换(如例
5
中
可换为whose
price)
4．“形容词最高级＋of＋关系代词”可以引导定语从句(如例
6
)。另外，“数词/some，many，most，each等不定代词＋of＋关系代词
”也可以引导定语从句。
5．有时为了表达清楚，用“介词＋关系副词”引导定语从句(如例
8)。
6．“
介词＋关系代词＋名词
”引导定语从句，是句子意思表达的需要(如例
7)。
[名师点津]
as引导限制性定语从句常用于下列句式：such＋名词＋as(像……一样的，像……之类的)；such(pron.)＋as
(像……一样的，像……之类的)；the
same＋名词＋as(和……同样的)。
We
have
found
such
materials
as
are
used
in
their
factory.
I
have
the
same
book
as
he
has.
[即学即练2] 单句语法填空
①The
boy
has
bought
a
telescope，through
which
he
can
look
at
the
stars.
②Material
collecting
took
us
a
whole
week，during
which
we
interviewed
our
teachers
and
took
pictures
of
every
aspect
of
school
life.
③There
are
a
lot
of
skyscrapers
in
New
York，for
which
it
is
famous.
④This
is
the
day
on
which
he
did
the
experiment.
⑤There
can
be
few
streets
in
London
in
which
you
cannot
buy
books.
⑥Take
part
in
activities
at
school，through
which
you
can
make
more
friends.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．UNAIDS
also
teaches
young
people
how
to
prevent
AIDS，and
set
up
treatment
centers
where
mothers
with
HIV
can
receive
medicine
to
help
keep
them
from
passing
HIV
on
to
their
children.
2．At
that
time
I
was
in
Texas
and
I
had
a
friend
whose
family
business
was
running
hotels.
3．There
are
certain
dates
throughout
the
year
when
the
entire
country
takes
a
vacation
at
the
same
time.
4.This
woman
has
set
a
good
example
to
her
son，who
is
a
really
lucky
guy.
5．The
watch，which
was
a
gift
from
his
father，was
very
important
to
him
and
he
was
determined
to
find
it.
6．The
settlement
is
home
to
nearly
1，000
people，many
of
whom
left
their
village
homes
for
a
better
life
in
the
city.
7．He
wrote
some
of
his
most
popular
waltzes，among
which
was
the
well?known
favourite
The
Blue
Danube.
8．Of
course，there
are
time
when
we
need
to
travel
long
distances.
9．Reading
has
a
lot
of
advantages，one
of
which
is
that
it
helps
you
develop
reading
skills.
10．Gift
shops
in
museums
used
to
be
the
last
stop
of
each
visit，where
people
would
buy
souvenirs
for
themselves
and
their
friends.
Ⅱ.短文语法填空
The
film
1.that
is
called
Titanic
is
such
a
beautiful
and
sad
love
story
2.as
is
popular
with
the
public，3.whose
hero
and
heroine
are
Jack
and
Ross.Ross
is
a
young
beautiful
woman
with
4.whom
her
mother
went
to
America.Jack，5.who
won
a
ship
ticket
by
playing
cards，is
a
poor
painter.They
met
and
fell
in
love
with
each
other
on
Titanic
6.where
they
had
a
happy
time.Sadly，the
nice
journey
was
destroyed
by
an
unexpected
storm，7.when
Jack
lost
his
life
for
saving
Ross(everyone
will
be
moved
by
the
selfless
way
in
8.
which
most
people
can
not
behave
in
real
life)．Before
Jack
left
Ross
forever，he
encouraged
Ross
to
live
well
for
him.9.As
is
known
to
all，love
is
the
strongest
strength.And
that
is
the
reason
10.why
Ross
could
live
alone
and
told
us
the
moving
story.
5/5阅读教材P44－45课文，选出最佳选项
1．Which
one
is
not
the
benefit
of
the
sharing
economy?
A．Saving
money.
B．Making
money.
C．Leaking
personal
information.
D．Making
friends.
2．What
is
the
author's
attitude
towards
the
sharing
economy?
A．Subjective.
B．Objective.
C．Indifferent.
D．Neutral.
[答案] 1－2 CB
Words
and
Phrases
discriminate
v．歧视；区别，辨别
[教材P41] However，some
people
are
less
optimistic，and
argue
that
it
discriminates
against
producers
not
part
of
the
Good
Deal
movement.
然而，一些人不那么乐观，他们认为这是歧视不属于Good
Deal运动的生产者。
[例1]
It
is
illegal
to
discriminate
on
grounds
of
race,
sex
or
religion.
因种族、性别或宗教信仰而实行歧视是非法的。
[例2] A
number
of
features
discriminate
this
species
from
others.
有些特征使这一物种与其他物种区别开来。
[造句] 法律绝不歧视穷人偏袒富人。
The
law
does
not
discriminate
against
the
poor
and
in
favour
of
the
rich.
[知识拓展]
discriminate
against
歧视；排斥；人身攻击；区别
discriminate
between
A
and
B＝discriminate
A
from
B
区分A和B
discriminate
in
favour
of
sb.
偏袒某人
discrimination
n.
歧视；偏袒；区别；识别
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Women
complain
that
employers
discriminate
against
female
workers
when
calculating
their
rank
and
pay.
②It
is
unfair
to
discriminate
between
black
people
and
white
people.
③The
Pope
said
the
right
to
food
was
a
right
for
all
human
beings
without
discrimination(discriminate)．
superior
adj.(品质、价值)较好的；地位较高地，上级的；(在数量上)占多数的，占优势的；不受……左右的，不屈服的
n．长官；长辈；
前辈；
优越的人
[教材P41] This
kind
of
Coffee
has
special
features：superior，smooth
blend，with
mild
flavour.
这种咖啡的特点是：品质上乘，混合均匀，味道温和。
[例1] He
is
superior
to
the
other
man.
他比另一个男子级别高。
[例2] That
army
won
because
of
superior
numbers.
那支军队以人多取胜。
[造句] 你在这项技术上一定胜过我。
You
must
be
superior
to
me
in
this
skill.
[知识拓展]
A
is
superior
to
B＝A's
superiority
to
B
A高于或好于B
superiority
n.
优越；优先权
superior用作形容词时，本身含有“较”的意思，故不再有比较级或最高级形式。表示“两者的比较”，用“superior
to”，而不能用“superior
than”。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①This
model
is
technically
superior
to
its
competitors.
②He
won
the
competition
with
obvious
superiority
(superior)．
sorrow
n．悲伤；悲痛；悲哀；伤心事；悲伤事
v．感到(或表示)悲伤
[教材P44] Parents
and
teachers
keep
reminding
us
to
share
toys，snacks，books，happy
memories，and
sometimes
even
sorrows
with
others.
家长和老师不断提醒我们，要和别人分享玩具、零食、书籍、快乐的回忆，有时甚至是悲伤。
[例1] It
was
a
time
of
great
sorrow.
这是一个非常悲伤的时刻。
[例2] Words
cannot
express
my
sorrow.
言语无法表达我的哀伤。
[造句]
听到她的死讯，他表示哀伤。
He
expressed
his
sorrow
at
the
news
of
her
death.
[知识拓展]
(1)joys
and
sorrows
悲欢
(2)to
one's
sorrow
让某人伤心的是
more
in
sorrow
than
in
anger
悲哀多于愤怒
(3)sorrowful
adj.
悲伤的
[即学即练] 完成句子/单句语法填空
①They
said
that
the
decision
was
made
more
in
sorrow
than
in
anger(与其说是出于气愤，不如说是出于悲伤)．
②To
my
sorrow
my
car
broke
down.
take
off(飞机)起飞；开始成功；脱去(衣服等)；摘掉；匆匆离开；休假
[教材P44] The
sharing
economy
is
taking
off
in
all
sorts
of
areas.
共享经济正在各个领域蓬勃发展。
[例1] They
need
to
expand
the
number
of
farmers
who
are
involved
if
the
scheme's
going
to
really
take
off.
这个方案要想真正成功，他们就需要增加参与的农场主的人数。
[例2] In
1944，he
met
Edith
Piaf，and
his
career
took
off.
1944年，他结识了伊迪思·比阿夫，从此他的事业开始腾飞。
[造句]
在第三部电影之后，他的电影表演事业开始有起色了。
After
his
third
film，his
career
of
film
performance
took
off.
[知识拓展]
take
sth.away
解除，消除(感情，痛苦等)
take
sb./sth.back
与……重归于好；收回；带回；使回
想起
take
down
写下，记下；拆卸
take
in
吸收；理解；欺骗；收留
take
on
具有，呈现；担任，承担；雇用
take
up
举(拿、捡、拔)起；占据；从事
take
over
接管；接任；控制
[即学即练] 写出下列句中take
off的含义
①Three
planes
were
standing
on
the
runway，waiting
to
take
off.
起飞
②I
wish
you'd
take
off
that
hat
when
you
are
in
the
classroom.
摘掉
③Congratulations，Paulo!
Now
maybe
you
can
take
a
few
days
off.
休假
④He
took
off
because
of
his
good
performance.
开始成功
⑤The
six
boys
got
into
the
car
and
took
off
for
the
drug
store.
匆匆离开
cut
down削减；减少使用；砍倒；夺去……的生命
[教材P45] What's
more，sharing
encourages
us
to
reuse
items，thereby
cutting
down
on
waste.
更重要的是，分享鼓励我们重复使用物品，从而减少浪费。
[例1] If
you
spend
more
than
your
income，can
you
try
to
cut
down?
如果你入不敷出，可以试着减少开支吗？
[例2] Cut
down
on
animal
fats
found
in
red
meat，hard
cheeses
and
so
on.
减少摄入存在于红肉、硬干酪等中的动物脂肪。
[造句] 汽车制造业缩减了生产量。
The
car
industry
cut
down
production.
[知识拓展]
cut
in
插话；让(某人)分享利润
cut
up
打伤；使伤心
cut
out
删除；裁剪
cut
through
开辟
cut
off
切断；中止；隔绝；剥夺继承权
[即学即练] 写出下列句中cut
down的含义/单句语法填空
①My
uncle
hasn't
been
able
to
quit
smoking，but
at
least
he
has
cut
down.
减少
②This
article
is
too
long，and
you
have
to
cut
it
down
to
1，000
words.
删减
③Immediate
actions
should
be
taken，like
stopping
cutting
down
trees，to
better
the
environment.
砍倒
④Hunger，cold
and
illness
cut
down
many
of
the
villagers.
夺去……的生命
⑤We
were
cut
off
in
the
middle
of
our
telephone
conversation
because
my
cell
phone
was
out
of
power.
⑥It
is
impolite
for
children
to
cut
in
when
their
seniors
are
talking.
case
n．具体情况；事例；实例；实情；事实；特殊情况；盒子；案例；伤员
[教材P45] As
is
often
the
case
all
over
the
world
with
new
areas
of
economic
activity，the
sharing
economy
is
developing
faster
than
existing
regulations
or
ongoing
supervision.
正如世界各地新的经济活动领域经常出现的情况一样，共享经济的发展速度超过了现有的法规或持续的监管。
[例1] If
that
is
the
case(＝
if
the
situation
described
is
true)，we
need
more
staff.
如果真是那样，那我们就需要更多的员工了。
[例2] It
is
simply
not
the
case
that
prison
conditions
are
improving.
监狱条件得到改善的情况绝非事实。
[造句] 他的钱全部输光，真有其事吗？
Is
it
the
case
that
he
has
lost
all
his
money?
[知识拓展]
(1)in
sb.'s
case
就某人的情况而言
(2)in
that
case
如果是那样的话
in
case
以防万一
in
case
of
要是……，在……的时候
the
case
事实
in
any
case
无论如何；不管怎样
[即学即练] 写出下列句中case/the
case的含义/单句语法填空/完成句子
①There
is
a
misbelief
that
popcorn
is
calorie?free，but
that
is
not
the
case.
事实
②These
ideas
can
be
true
in
certain
cases，but
very
wrong
in
others.
情况
③To
attract
more
visitors，the
museum
displayed
the
exhibition
sunglass
cases.
盒子
④Judging
from
the
whole
process，it
was
a
typical
case
of
bad
management.
案例
⑤Fortunately，the
most
serious
cases
were
treated
at
the
scene
of
the
accident.
伤员
⑥There's
no
point
complaining
now—we're
leaving
tomorrow
in
any
case.
⑦You'd
better
take
the
keys
in
case
I'm
out(以防万一我不在家)．
expense
n．费用；经费；损失，牺牲
[教材P45] Some
companies
are
taking
unfair
advantage
of
this
situation
to
expand
their
share
of
the
market，often
at
the
expense
of
more
traditional
and
established
companies.
一些公司正在利用这种不公平的情况来扩大其市场份额，往往以牺牲更多的传统和老牌公司为代价。
[例1] I
spare
no
expense
to
collect
the
paintings
by
Picasso.
我不惜花费巨资收藏毕加索的画。
[例2] Our
expenses
far
outweigh
our
income.
我们的支出远超我们的收入。
[造句] 他自己筹措支付所有的学费。
He
paid
all
the
school
expenses
by
himself.
[知识拓展]
at
one's
own
expense
用自费
at
the
public
expense
用公费
living
expenses
生活费
at
any
expense
不管花多少钱；不管牺牲多大
at
the
expense
of
a
person
用(某人)的费用；麻烦(某人)
at
the
expense
of
牺牲；付出……的代价
expensive
adj.
昂贵的，花钱的
it
is
expensive
＋
to
do
……是很花钱的
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①She
gave
a
concert
at
her
brother's
expense.
②He
secured
fame
and
wealth
at
the
expense
of
his
health.
③It
is
expensive
to
travel
(travel)by
plane.
段落大意题
段落大意类题型多在说明文和议论文中进行考查，这类文章涉及多种话题如社会文化类、科普说明类等。设问形式常有：
(1)What
does
the
last
paragraph
talk
about?
(2)The
main
idea
of
the
second
paragraph
probably
is
．
解题技巧——“首尾兼顾”知段意
(1)段首：说明文和议论文中的主题句常在段首句。
(2)段尾：先表述细节，后归纳概括，段落中心在段尾。
[典例]
...
Meanwhile，things
that
you
might
expect
to
discourage
spending—“bad”
tables，crowding，high
prices—don't
necessarily.Diners
at
bad
tables—next
to
the
kitchen
door，say—spent
nearly
as
much
as
others
but
soon
fled.It
can
be
concluded
that
restaurant
keepers
need
not
“be
overly
concerned
about
‘bad’
tables，”
given
that
they're
profitable.As
for
crowds，a
Hong
Kong
study
found
that
they
increased
a
restaurant's
reputation，suggesting
great
food
at
fair
prices.And
doubling
a
buffet's
price
led
customers
to
say
that
its
pizza
was
11
percent
tastier.
★What
does
the
paragraph
talk
about?
A．Tips
to
attract
more
customers.
B．Problems
restaurants
are
faced
with.
C．Ways
to
improve
restaurants'
reputation.
D．Common
misunderstandings
about
restaurants.
D [根据文章第一句“Meanwhile，things
that
you
might
expect
to
discourage
spending—‘bad’
tables，crowding，high
prices—don't
necessarily.”可知，你认为可能会影响人们消费的因素如：不好的桌子、拥挤以及高价等不一定会影响人们的消费，然后依次举例进行了证明，所以本段主要讲的是人们对于饭店的几个误解，故选D。]
[对点训练]
A
...
A
separate
concert，“Songs
We
Love”，found
Bridgewater
singing
less
politically
charged
(but
still
exciting)
fare
like
“St.James
Infirmary”，which
appears
on
her
most
recent
album.In
words
as
well
as
music，this
period
reveals
how
seriously
Bridgewater
takes
that
responsibility，seeing
as
how
it
connects
to
her
own
experience
in
the
jazz
lineage.But
maybe
“seriously”
isn't
the
right
word
when
it
comes
to
Dee
Dee，whose
effervescence(欢腾，活泼)
shines
through
even
in
a
reflective
mood.Join
her
here
for
a
while；she's
excellent
company，no
more
or
less
so
now
that
mastery
is
officially
a
part
of
her
resume.
★What
does
the
paragraph
mainly
talk
about?
A．Bridgewater's
music
theme.
B．Bridgewater's
music
experience.
C．Bridgewater's
personal
characters.
D．Bridgewater's
great
achievements.
A [段落大意题。根据第一句中的“singing
less
politically
charged...”可知，她的歌曲政治味不太强烈，故本段主要讲了布里姬沃特的音乐主题。]
B
There
is
a
breakthrough
in
building
aircraft.Bendable
wings
covered
with
overlapping(部分重叠)
pieces
resembling
fish
sizes
could
be
used
to
build
swifter，fuel?efficient
aircraft，a
new
study
finds.
Nowadays，conventional
aircraft
typically
rely
on
ailerons(副翼)
to
help
control
the
way
the
planes
tip
as
they
fly.However，when
the
Wright
brothers
flew
the
first
airplane，Flyer
1，over
a
century
ago，they
used
no
ailerons
but
wires
and
pulleys
that
twisted
the
wood?and?canvas
wings，to
control
the
plane.
Scientists
have
long
sought
to
develop
aircraft
that
can
alter
their
wings
during
the
flight，just
as
birds
can.However，most
previous
attempts
have
failed
because
they
relied
on
heavy
mechanical
control
structures
within
the
wings.These
structures
were
also
complex
and
unreliable，said
Neil
Gershenfeld，a
physicist
and
director
of
the
Center
for
Bits
and
Atoms
at
Massachusetts
Institute
of
Technology
(MIT)．
The
new
wing
consists
of
a
system
of
tiny，strong，lightweight
modules.The
shape
of
the
wing
can
be
changed
uniformly
along
its
length
using
two
small
motors，which
apply
a
twisting
pressure
to
each
wingtip.These
wings
are
covered
in
“skins”
of
overlapping
strips
of
flexible
material
resembling
fish
sizes.These
strips
move
across
each
other
as
the
wings
alter，providing
a
smooth
outer
surface，the
researchers
explained.
★What
is
the
fourth
paragraph
mainly
about?
A．The
shape
of
the
new
wings.
B．The
result
of
the
tested
wings.
C．The
function
of
the
small
motors.
D．The
working
principle
of
the
new
wings.
D [段落大意题。根据文章第四段内容可知，本段主要讲述了新机翼的工作原理。故选D。]
9/9Ⅰ.匹配词义
A．单词匹配
( )1.conventional
A．n.卡(路里)
( )2.discriminate
B．n.(高中或大学的)一年级学生
( )3.estate
C．adv.自动地
( )4.calorie
D．n.庄园
( )5.automatically
E．v.不公正地区别对待，歧视
( )6.freshman
F．n.(女式)钱包
( )7.purse
G．adj.传统的,常规的
[答案] 1－5 GEDAC 6－7 BF
B．短语匹配
( )1.make
ends
meet
A．妨碍；阻止
( )2.interfere
with
B．利用……的优势
( )3.go
into
debt
C．使收支仅能相抵
( )4.rent
out
D．负债，陷入债务之中
( )5.designer
clothes
E．和……相关
( )6.at
the
expense
of
F．名牌服装
( )7.cut
down
G．出租(房屋、房间、土地等)
( )8.be
relevant
to
H．砍倒；较少……的量
( )9.take
advantage
of
I．以损害……为代价
( )10.be
subject
to
J．易受……(不快事物)的影响
[答案] 1－5 CADGF 6－10 IHEBJ
Ⅱ.默写单词
1.hire
v．
(短期的)租用，租借
2．abuse
n.
滥用
3.equator
n.
赤道
4．theft
n.
盗窃
5．superior
adj.
质量上乘的，优质的
6．mild
adj.
不浓烈的，淡的
7．subjective
adj.
主观的
8．financial
adj.
财政的，金融的；财务的
9．sorrow
n.
令人悲伤的事，不幸
10．expense
n.
费用，花费
Ⅰ.语境填词
go
into
debt；subjective；at
the
expense
of；estate；interfere
with；make
ends
meet；abuse；sorrow；superior；discriminate
1．Many
older
people
have
ideas
that
discriminate
against
women
and
in
favour
of
men.
2．An
estate
is
a
large
area
of
land
owned
by
one
person
or
family.
3．This
model
is
technically
superior
to
its
competitors.
4．In
yesterday's
meeting
he
made
a
subjective
point.
5．Smoking
and
drinking
interfere
with
your
body's
ability
to
process
oxygen.
6．In
the
past
her
family
struggled
to
make
ends
meet．
7．Sorrow
is
a
feeling
of
great
sadness
because
something
very
bad
has
happened.
8．He
built
up
the
business
at
the
expense
of
his
health.
9．What
she
did
was
an
abuse
of
her
position
as
manager.
10．To
buy
a
house
or
a
car，one
usually
has
to
go
into
debt．
Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词
1．Over
the
years
laws
have
been
created
to
prevent
discrimination(discriminate)．
2．He
wins
the
competition
with
obvious
superiority(superior)．
3．People
who
are
less
subjectively(subjective)
involved
are
better
judges.
4．Financially(financial)，the
large
enterprise
supports
its
sister
company.
5．The
little
girl
by
the
window
looked
very
sorrowful(sorrow)．
6．Now
the
city
is
a
major
financial(finance)centre.
7．They
are
so
expensive(expense)!
I
cannot
buy
them.
8．The
heating
in
the
building
switches
off
automatically(automatic)．
9．Children
are
getting
tired
of
conventional(convention)ways
of
learning
English.
10．Conventionally(conventional)，our
sales
staff
wear
suits.
1．The
sharing
economy
is
taking
off
in
all
sorts
of
areas.
共享经济正在各种地方蓬勃发展。
2．Whether
we're
a
lender
or
a
borrower，it's
a
win?win
situation；everyone
makes
or
saves
money.
不论我们是放款人还是借款人，这都是一个双赢的局面；大家都赚钱或省钱。
3．But
the
sharing
economy
is
not
without
its
problems.
但是共享经济并非没有自身的问题。
4．...and
the
awareness
of
potential
risks
is
low
among
both
service
providers
and
users.
……服务的提供者和使用者对潜在的风险都认识不足。
5．In
addition，the
sharing
economy
is
subject
to
abuse
of
trust.
此外，共享经济还容易受到滥用信任的影响。
2/3对比文
也许你在考试、工作和日常生活中经常需要比较和对比事物，这时你撰写的文章就是对比文。一般来说，这类文章通常是对事物的正反两个方面或者两种不同的观点进行对比，从而得出结论。
这类作文是以考生面临的两种选择为主题，最终以考生本人的选择和态度归结全文。如果考生对选择的态度是明确的，即二者选其一，那么考生分别阐述两种不同的观点的时候应该有自己的主观倾向性。比如：
对赞成事物的优点要详写，缺点要略写；对反对的事物则反之，从而使自己的观点得以实现。如果考生的态度是不明确的，即两者各有利弊，那么就不应该完全肯定某一个事物，也不应该彻底否认另一个事物。如果个人看法与文章前面列举的某种观点相同或相似并且需要论述理由时，考生要避免简单地重复前面提到的论点。
[基本框架]
开头：阐述标题中涉及的现象并且提出问题。
主体：两种选择以及其理由或者优缺点。
结尾：综合前面的分析，表明自己的态度或者做法，并且简述选择的理由。
[常用词块]
1．an
attempt
to
reach
a
consensus
达成共识的尝试
2．oppose
changing
the
law
反对改变这个法规
3．a
heated
argument
一场激烈的争论
4．be
regarded
as
immoral
被认为是不道德的
5．take
account
of
environmental
issues
考虑各方面的环境问题
6．in
favour
of
equal
pay
for
equal
work
支持同工同酬
7．as
far
as
sb.be
concerned
就某人而言
8．when
it
comes
to
(doing)sth.当涉及(做)某事时
[常用语句]
★精彩开头
1．There
is
no
consensus
of
opinions
among
people
as
to...人们对……没有共识。
2．When
it
comes
to...，people's
opinions/ideas/views
vary
from
person
to
person.当涉及……，人们的观点因人而异。
3．When
asked...，people
have
different
opinions.当被问及……，人们有不同的观点。
4．Different
people
have
different
opinions.不同的人有不同的观点。
5．There
is
a
heated
debate
over...关于……有一场激烈的争论。
6．Opinions
are
mainly
divided
into
two
groups.意见主要分为两类。
★丰满主体
1．Many
people
hold
the
view
that...许多人认为……
2．It
is
commonly
accepted
that...人们普遍认为……
3．However，some
people
take
a
different
attitude.然而，有些人持不同的态度。
4．They
regard
that...他们认为……
5．Some
people
who
are
in
favour
of
the
idea
of...hold
that...支持这种观点的人认为……
6．On
the
one
hand，...On
the
other
hand，...一方面，……另一方面，……
★余味结尾
1．As
for
me/in
my
eyes/in
my
viewpoint，...至于我/在我看来/在我看来，……
2．As
far
as
I
am
concerned，I
strongly
oppose...就我而言，我强烈反对……
3．Taking
all
the
above
into
account，I
stand
on
the
side
of...综上所述，我支持……
移动支付已经全面走进我们的生活，但人们对此褒贬不一。一家英语报社现以移动支付为话题向中学生征文，请结合它的优点和缺点，以及你的个人观点写一篇征文。
注意：1.词数80
左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：移动支付mobile
payment；电子账户e?account
【参考范文】
Mobile
payment
is
becoming
increasingly
popular
in
China.But，people's
opinions
are
divided
on
the
cashless
payment.
Most
people
argue
that
it
is
quick
and
convenient，as
well
as
saves
paper.However，those
not
in
favour
of
it
worry
about
the
safety
of
e?accounts，from
which
hackers
may
steal
money
easily.
In
my
opinion，almost
all
the
e?accounts
are
insured
and
available
only
with
passwords
or
fingerprints.Therefore，I
am
deeply
convinced
that
its
advantages
far
outweigh
its
disadvantages
and
the
green
payment
deserves
to
be
promoted.
2/3课时分层作业(十二)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
The
other
day，my
sister
and
I
were
sitting
in
a
restaurant，trying
to
have
a
conversation，but
her
children，four?year?old
Willow
and
seven?year?old
Luca，would
not
stop
fighting.The
arguments
—
over
a
fork，or
who
had
more
water
in
a
glass
—
never
stopped.
Then
my
sister
reached
into
her
handbag，produced
two
shiny
iPads(苹果平板电脑)，and
handed
one
to
each
child.Suddenly，the
two
were
quiet.They
sat
playing
games
and
watching
videos，and
we
continued
with
our
conversation.
After
our
meal，as
my
sister
stuffed
the
iPads
back
into
her
bag，she
said，“I
don't
want
to
give
them
the
iPads
at
the
dinner
table，but
if
they
keep
them
occupied
for
an
hour
so
we
can
eat
in
peace，I
often
just
hand
them
over.I'm
afraid
it's
bad
for
them.I
do
worry
that
it
makes
them
think
it's
OK
to
use
electronics
at
the
dinner
table
in
the
future.”
Dr.Gary
Small，director
of
the
Longevity
Center
at
the
University
of
California，Los
Angeles
says
that
the
brain
is
highly
sensitive
to
stimuli(刺激物)，like
iPads
and
smartphone
screens，and
if
people
spend
too
much
time
on
one
technology，and
less
time
interacting(互动)with
people
like
parents
at
the
dinner
table，that
could
prevent
the
development
of
certain
communication
skills.
“Conversations
with
each
other
are
the
way
children
learn
to
have
conversations
with
themselves，and
learn
how
to
be
alone，”
said
Sherry
Turkle，a
professor
of
science，technology
and
society
at
the
Massachusetts
Institute
of
Technology.She
fears
that
children
who
do
not
learn
real
interactions，which
often
have
imperfections，will
come
to
know
a
world
where
perfect，shiny
screens
give
them
a
false
sense
of
intimacy(亲密)without
risk.However，they
need
to
be
able
to
gather
themselves
and
know
who
they
are.So
someday
they
can
form
a
relationship
with
another
person
without
a
panic
of
being
alone.“If
you
don't
teach
your
children
to
be
alone，they'll
only
know
how
to
be
lonely，”
she
said.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。用iPad让孩子们安静下来似乎很有效，但是这样做对吗？
1．What
did
Willow
and
Luca
fight
about?
A．iPads.
B．Little
things.
C．Delicious
food.
D．Interesting
things.
B [细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The
arguments
—
over
a
fork，or
who
had
more
water
in
a
glass
—
never
stopped.”可以看出，Willow和Luca为一些小事争吵。]
2．How
did
the
author's
sister
feel
about
offering
children
iPads?
A．She
was
critical
of
it.
B．She
felt
it
was
worth
a
try.
C．She
was
uncertain
about
it.
D．She
felt
surprised
at
its
effect.
C [推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，虽然作者的姐姐会用iPad让孩子们安静下来，但是她又担心这样做不好，因此说她对这种做法心存疑虑。]
3．According
to
Dr.Gary
Small，what
should
parents
do?
A．Provide
their
children
with
various
technologies.
B．Teach
their
children
communication
skills.
C．Talk
to
their
children
at
the
dinner
table.
D．Limit
their
children's
screen
time.
D [推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“if
people
spend
too
much
time
on
one
technology...prevent
the
development
of
certain
communication
skills”可知，长时间使用电子设备有碍于孩子们一些沟通技能的发展，因此家长应该限制孩子使用这些设备的时间。]
4．What
is
Sherry
Turkle
worried?
A．Children
are
afraid
of
taking
risks.
B．Children
try
to
escape
from
the
real
world.
C．Children
can't
live
without
electronic
devices.
D．Children
can't
deal
with
companionless
situations.
D [推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“She
fears
that
children...will
come
to
know
a
world
where
perfect，shiny
screens
give
them
a
false
sense
of
intimacy(亲密)
without
risk.”可知，Sherry
Turkle担心孩子们习惯了电子设备的陪伴，认为真正的人际交往也是如此，随时随地有人陪伴，因此他们会受不了孤单。]
B
More
than
2，500
tiny
glass
jars
—
each
containing
brightly
colored
powders
—
line
the
walls
of
a
museum
at
Harvard
University
in
Cambridge，Massachusetts.The
pigment(颜料)samples
make
up
the
Forbes
Pigment
Collection.Art
experts
rely
on
the
collection
for
an
important
scientific
purpose
—
the
colors
act
as
standards
to
help
them
conserve
and
authenticate
artists'
paintings.
About
a
century
ago，Edward
Forbes，an
art
historian
and
art
museum
director
at
Harvard，noticed
that
the
paint
on
some
14th?century
paintings
in
his
museum's
collection
was
deteriorating．To
figure
out
how
to
save
the
paintings，he
realized
he
would
have
to
learn
more
about
the
materials
used
to
make
their
paint.
Today，people
can
buy
paint
in
every
color
of
the
rainbow.But
variety
in
paint
colors
—
and
the
ability
to
purchase
those
paints
at
a
store
—
wasn't
always
possible.For
centuries，artists
collected
and
crushed(碾碎)
everything
from
shells
to
rare
stones
to
create
the
pigments
that
colored
their
artworks.They
also
used
metal
oxides(氧化物)．
From
1910
to
1944，Forbes
traveled
the
globe
collecting
powdered
pigments.The
samples
helped
art
conservators
understand
how
paint
behaves
on
a
chemical
level.Paint
might
react
to
changes
in
light，temperature，or
humidity，depending
on
its
pigments'
compositions.This
can
affect
the
colors
of
a
painting
over
time
or
even
cause
paint
to
come
off
the
painted
surface.
Today，Narayan
Khandekar，a
senior
conservation
scientist
at
the
Harvard
Art
Museums，is
building
on
Forbes's
work
by
adding
newer，chemically
made
pigments
to
the
collection.The
collection
also
plays
an
important
role
in
helping
to
stop
counterfeiters(伪造者)．In
2007，experts
compared
pigments
from
the
collection
with
those
from
a
painting
thought
to
belong
to
abstract
artist
Jackson
Pollock.Chemical
analysis
showed
that
a
red
pigment
in
the
painting
was
actually
made
20
years
after
the
artist's
death，proving
that
the
artwork
was
a
fake.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了哈佛大学色素博物馆的来历及其作用。
5．Which
of
the
following
can
replace
the
underlined
word
“deteriorating”
in
Paragraph
2?
A．Dropping
off.
B．Breaking
down.
C．Cleared
away.
D．Gathered
together.
B [词义猜测题。根据画线词后的句子“To
figure
out
how
to
save
the
paintings”可推知，一些14世纪的绘画被损坏了，故此处的deteriorating可以用breaking
down(损坏)代替。]
6．What
can
be
inferred
about
Edward
Forbes?
A．He
was
good
at
chemistry.
B．He
collected
many
pigments.
C．He
created
pigments
by
himself.
D．He
repaired
a
lot
of
old
paintings.
B [推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Forbes
traveled
the
globe
collecting
powdered
pigments”以及博物馆藏品的命名“Forbes
Pigment
Collection”可推知Forbes从全球各地收集了许多颜料。]
7．What
may
be
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A．Colorful
collection
B．Looking
for
pigments
C．Every
pigment
has
its
own
story
D．Edward
Forbes
and
his
collection
A [标题归纳题。文章介绍了哈佛大学色素博物馆的来历及其作用。“Colorful
collection”形象准确地概括了全文的主要内容，故A项为文章最佳标题。]
Ⅱ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I
was
28
years
old，the
age
when
most
young
people
have
their
eyes
firmly
fixed
on
the
promise
of
success
but
I
was
a
failure.Six
years
earlier，fresh
from
college，I
had
joined
a
dramatic
producing
company，and
had
been
going
into
small
towns
and
rural
communities
producing
country?style
musical
comedies.But，in
the
summer
of
1940，the
country
was
in
a
depression，radio
had
changed
people's
tastes，and
part?time
shows
weren't
all
that
big
any
more.So，jobless
and
with
nothing
else
in
sight，I
went
back
home.Later
I
got
a
job
as
a
recreation?room
director
in
my
hometown.It
paid
$50
a
month，for
which
I
was
grateful，but
it
sure
was
a
dull
job.
I
felt
so
frustrated
with
my
plan
to
be
a
dramatic
star.Restless
and
dissatisfied
though
I
was，it
was
nice，in
a
way，to
be
back
home.I
tried
to
teach
some
of
my
town's
children
music
and
drama.And
when
I
got
a
chance，I'd
try
my
luck
as
a
performer
myself.I'd
dress
up
as
a
country
girl
and
tell
little
stories
and
jokes
that
I'd
picked
up
during
my
years
living
around
country
folk.I
gave
this
country
girl
a
name
—
Minnie
Pearl.
One
October
afternoon
I
was
in
the
recreation
room，waiting
for
the
children
when
a
banker
friend，Jim
Walker，came
in
and
said，“We're
going
to
have
a
bankers'
meeting
here.I
understand
you've
been
teaching
some
children
dramatics
and
dancing
and
singing.Would
you
let
the
children
entertain
the
bankers？”
I
said，yes.Suddenly，he
turned
and
added，“Oh，by
the
way，the
speaker
from
Chicago
is
flying
here.If
he's
late，would
you
mind
doing
that
Minnie
Pearl
thing？”
I
told
Jim
I'd
do
it.
That
night
the
children
sang
and
danced
to
old?time，popular
songs
when
I
was
backstage.After
we
finished
the
performance,
Jim
came
to
me.“The
speaker's
not
here
yet.You'll
have
to
help
us.”
“All
right，”
I
told
him，“just
give
me
a
minute
to
dress
up.”
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Paragraph
1：
Then
I
went
out
in
front
of
the
hundred
or
so
men
in
the
audience.
Paragraph
2：
Then
I
walked
off
the
stage
into
the
audience，and
a
banker
greeted
me.
【参考范文】
Paragraph
1：
Then
I
went
out
in
front
of
the
hundred
or
so
men
in
the
audience.I
said，“I'd
like
to
give
you
my
performance
of
a
country
girl.”
I
started
telling
them
about
the
wonderful
stories
and
jokes.And
the
bankers
were
laughing
and
applauding.When
I
ran
out
of
stories，I
looked
over
at
Jim
Walker，and
he
shook
his
head.So
I
started
singing
old
country
songs.At
the
end
of
the
second
song，Jim
came
over
to
me
and
said，“The
speaker's
here.You
can
stop
now.”
Paragraph
2：
Then
I
walked
off
the
stage
into
the
audience，and
a
banker
greeted
me.He
told
me
that
my
performance
was
very
interesting
and
recommended
me
to
a
manager
of
the
great
country
music
station.The
manager
had
me
come
up
for
an
interview
and
offered
me
a
good
job.That
changed
my
whole
life.It
was
the
beginning
of
Minnie
Pearl，and，to
me，the
end
of
my
“failure”
and
the
beginning
of
a
new
way
to
share
fun
with
others
and
look
at
things.
4/61．The
market
does
not
believe
in
tears，and
the
workplace
does
not
sympathize
with
the
weak!
市场不相信眼泪，职场也不同情弱者！
2．In
the
modern
economy，knowledge
is
becoming
the
real
capital
and
the
primary
wealth.
在现代化经济中，知识正成为真正的资本与首要的财富。
3．Agricultural
production
is
the
first
priority
in
our
economic
construction.
农业生产居我们经济建设工作的第一位。
4．Fair
gainings
make
fair
spendings.
堂堂正正地赚钱，才能堂堂正正地花钱。
5．No
man
should
receive
a
dollar
unless
that
dollar
has
been
fairly
earned.
倘不是公平挣得，一块钱也不能拿。
Money
is
indeed
important，but
money
cannot
buy
everything.A
miser
may
think
that
“money
talks”，but
if
you
only
give
your
attention
to
making
money，you
may
lose
many
things，such
as
health，friendship
and
love.I
don't
think
we
should
regard
money
as
everything.Money
is
just
a
tool
that
can
help
us
solve
problems
or
enable
us
to
live
a
comfortable
life.What
we
should
do
is
to
use
it
appropriately
and
not
become
misers.This
way，all
of
us
can
lead
a
happier
life.
Do
you
have
a
business
brain?
Are
you
always
looking
for
the
next
big
idea?
Maybe，like
me，you
might
feel
setting
up
a
new
company
is
something
you
might
do
when
you're
older，when
you
have
more
experience.But
that's
not
always
the
case.
While
some
of
us
may
feel
young
adulthood
is
a
time
of
tentatively(不确定地)
finding
our
place
in
the
world，sleeping
late
and
partying
hard，others
are
already
on
the
path
to
great
business
success.Take
the
founder
of
Microsoft，Bill
Gates，who
started
his
company
as
a
young
university
student
at
Harvard
in
the
US.There
are
many
other
examples
of
young
entrepreneurs(创业者)
who
have
become
hugely
successful，proving
that
there's
no
minimum
age
to
becoming
top
dog.
But
to
be
the
next
business
executive
requires
effort.You
need
to
acquire
a
keen
mind
and
good
business
brain
and
above
all，you
need
enthusiasm.Starting
a
new
business
comes
with
an
element
of
risk
but
if
you
are
able
to
spot
the
next
big
idea，it's
probably
worth
giving
it
a
try.
[探究发现]
1．Find
out
most
people's
opinion
about
starting
a
business.
They
might
do
it
when
they
are
older
and
when
they
have
more
experience.
2．Find
out
the
main
idea
of
the
second
paragraph.
There
is
no
minimum
age
to
start
our
business.
3．Find
out
the
most
important
factor
to
be
a
business
executive.
Enthusiasm.
1/21．blank
adj.无表情的→blankly
adv.茫然地；没有表情地→blankness
n．空白；空虚
2．potential
n．潜力；可能性→potentiality
n．潜力→potentially
adv.潜在地
3．enterprise
n．企业；事业；事业心→enterprising
adj.有创业精神的
4．distribute
v．分发；分配→distribution
n．分销→distributor
n．经销商→distributive
adj.分配的
5．guide
v．指导；引导→guidance
n．指导；引导
6．consult
v．咨询→consultant
n．顾问
1．blank
adj.空白的；没表情的；茫然的；完全的；彻底的
①She
turned
to
a
blank
page
in
her
notebook.
空白的
②Steve
looked
blank
and
said
he
had
no
idea
what
I
was
talking
about.茫然的
③He
received
a
blank
refusal.
彻底的
2．distribution
n．分配，分布；分发，分送；(商品)运销，经销，分销
①The
map
shows
the
distribution
of
this
species
across
the
world.
分布
②The
distribution
of
things
involves
giving
or
delivering
them
to
a
number
of
people
or
places.
分发，分送
③Worldwide
distribution
systems
are
developing
fast.
运销，经销
Words
and
Phrases
seat
n．座位，坐处(如椅子等)；有……座位的；有……座的；(椅子等的)座部v.向……提供座位；(使)就座；坐；落座；可坐……人；能容纳……人
[教材P38] She
couldn't，however，hide
the
line
of
sweat
running
down
her
forehead，which
was
caused
partly
by
the
heat
of
the
television
studio，but
more
by
fear
of
the
four
people
seated
in
front
of
her.
然而，她无法掩盖额头上流淌着的那道汗水，一部分是由于电视演播室的高温造成的，但更多的是因为害怕坐在她前面的四个人。
[例1] There
are
no
seats
left
on
that
flight.
那次航班没座位了。
[例2] He
seated
himself
behind
the
desk.
他在书桌后面坐下。
[造句]
他坐在杰克和汤姆之间。
He
is
seated
between
Jack
and
Tom.
[知识拓展]
(1)have/take
a
seat
请坐
reserve
a
seat
预订座位
be
on
the
edge
of
your
seat
心情紧张地等待；兴奋地等待某事
be
in
the
driving
seat
操纵，掌管，处于控制地位
(2)be
seated
就座
stay/remain
seated
继续坐着
seat
oneself
beside/in/on
坐在……旁边/里面/上面
seat
sb.on/near
安排某人坐在某处
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Please
be
seated(seat)so
we
can
begin
our
meeting.
②He
waved
towards
a
chair，and
seated(seat)himself
at
the
desk.
③The
game
had
the
crowd
on
the
edge
of
their
seats(心情紧张)．
blank
adj.空白的；没表情的；茫然的；完全的；彻底的
[教材P38] They
stared
back，their
blank
faces
giving
no
clue
as
to
what
they
would
say
next.
他们回头看了看，从他们没有表情的脸上根本看不出接下来他们会说什么。
[例1] She
stared
at
me
with
a
blank
expression
on
her
face.
她一脸木然地盯着我。
[例2] He
looked
at
her
out
of
black
blank
eyes
that
made
no
opportunity
for
her
to
speak.
他那双黑眼睛茫然地望着她，不给她开口的机会。
[造句]
我的脑子一片空白。
My
mind
went
totally
blank.
[知识拓展]
go
blank
(脑子)一片空白
draw
a
blank
无回音；无结果；无收获
blank
out
突然变空
blank
sth.out
掩盖；遮盖；刻意忘记；抹去记忆
[即学即练] 完成句子/单句语法填空
①So
far，the
police
investigation
has
drawn
a
blank(没有收获)．
②I
was
trying
to
blank
out
previous
situations
from
my
mind.
end
up
结果为……；以……结束
[教材P38] Zhang
never
thought
that
this
was
something
she
would
end
up
doing.
张月从没想过她最终会从事这样的工作。
[例1] The
result
was
that
the
engine
ended
up
at
the
bottom
of
the
canal.
结果引擎最终沉到了运河底。
[例2] If
you
don't
know
what
you
want，you
might
end
up
getting
something
you
don't
want.
如果你不知道自己想要什么，到头来你可能得非所愿。
[造句]
如果你继续那样花钱，你很快就会负债累累。
You
will
soon
end
up
in
debt
if
you
keep
on
spending
money
that
way.
[知识拓展]
(1)end
up
doing
sth.
最终以做某事结束
end(up)in
以……告终；结果为……
end(up)with
以……结束(指以某种方式结束)
end
up
as
最终成为……
(2)come
to
an
end
结束
put/bring
an
end
to
结束……
in
the
end
最后，终于
on
end
竖立；直立着；连续地
make(both)
ends
meet
使收支相抵；量入为出
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①While
studying，fix
your
mind
on
what
is
really
important，or
you
will
end
up
remembering
(remember)nothing.
②Andersen
was
born
into
a
poor
family，but
ended
up
as
one
of
the
greatest
writers
of
his
time.
③The
lecture
ended
up
with
a
poem
of
an
ancient
Chinese
poet.
④If
we
neglect
our
future，we'll
end
up
in
failure.
⑤The
doctor's
motive
was
to
bring
an
end
to
his
patient's
suffering
(结束病人的痛苦)．
⑥He
is
a
wonderful
companion
and
we
can
talk
for
hours
on
end
(我们可以连续聊上好几个小时)．
[小片段填空]
As
a
child
he
wished
to
become
a
sportsman，but
he
ended
up
as
a
singer.He
often
threw
parties
where
he
usually
began
with
cakes
and
ended
up
with
sweets.He
became
very
fat.He
tried
many
ways
to
lose
weight，ending
up
gaining(gain)weight
soon
again.I
told
him
not
to
hold
a
party
again
and
if
he
didn't
follow
my
advice，he
would
end
up
in
failure.
surround
vt.围绕；环绕
[教材P38] Surrounded
by
roses
as
she
was
growing
up，she
paid
them
little
attention.
即便她是在玫瑰丛中长大的，却很少注意到它们。
[例1] When
the
car
stopped
in
the
town
square
it
was
surrounded
by
soldiers
and
militiamen.
汽车停在城镇广场时就被士兵和民兵包围了。
[例2] As
a
child
I
was
surrounded
by
love
and
kindness.
幼年时我备受关爱。
[造句]
我需要一些人立刻包围这所房子。
I
need
some
people
to
surround
this
house
right
now.
[知识拓展]
(1)surround
sb./sth.with...
使某人/某物被……包围
surround
oneself
with
sb./sth.
喜欢结交(某类人)；喜欢身边总有(某类东西)
(2)surrounding
adj.
周围的
surroundings
n.
周围的事物；环境(通常用复数形式)
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①The
trees
surrounding(surround)the
lake
were
planted
by
the
soldiers
ten
years
ago.
②I
like
to
surround(surround)
myself
with
beautiful
things.
③Surrounded(surround)by
a
dozen
of
children，the
woman
happily
celebrated
her
80th
birthday.
[小片段填空]
As
a
famous
pop
star，he
loves
being
surrounded
by
so
many
fans
coming
to
visit
him
from
the
surrounding
towns.And
he
also
likes
beautiful
surroundings
with
green
trees
and
flowers，because
he
can
get
much
more
pleasure
from
nature.
potential
n．可能性；潜在性；潜力；潜质adj.潜在的；可能的
[教材P38] It
was
only
after
graduating
from
university
overseas
and
returning
to
visit
her
parents
that
Zhang
realised
the
potential.
直到从海外大学毕业回国探望父母后，张月才意识到这一潜力。
[例1] The
European
marketplace
offers
excellent
potential
for
increasing
sales.
欧洲市场带来了扩销的大好机遇。
[例2] First
we
need
to
identify
actual
and
potential
problems.
首先，我们需要弄清实际的问题和潜在的问题。
[造句]
他有潜力成为世界级的音乐家。
He
has
the
potential
to
become
a
world?class
musician.
[知识拓展]
the
potential
for
sth.
……的可能性
have/show
potential
有潜力/表现出潜力
achieve/fulfil/realize
your
potential
发挥潜力
[即学即练] 完成句子/单句语法填空
①All
children
should
be
encouraged
to
realize/fulfil/achieve
their
full
potential
(发挥潜力)．
②The
potential
for
abuse
in
such
a
system
is
enormous.
present
vt.陈述；提出(观点、计划等)；呈现；赠送，颁发，介绍
adj.出席的，在场的；现在的，目前的
n．礼物；赠品；现在
[教材P39] Like
Zhang，they
present
their
ideas
in
the
hope
of
getting
investment
and
advice...
像张月一样，他们提出自己的想法，希望得到投资和建议……
[例1] You
need
to
present
yourself
better.
你需要更善于展示自己。
[例2] May
I
present
my
fiancé
to
you?
请允许我向您介绍我的未婚夫。
[造句]
你需要更好地展示自己。
You
need
to
present
yourself
better.
[知识拓展]
(1)present
sb.with
sth.
向某人赠送某物
present
sth.to
sb.
向某人陈述某事；赠送某人某物
(2)be
present
at
出席……
(3)at
present＝at
the
present
time
目前，现在
for
the
present
目前；就现在而言
[即学即练] 写出下列句中present
的含义
①The
company
presented
a
medal
to
him
on
the
day
when
he
retired.
赠予
②The
present
situation
is
taking
a
turn
for
the
better.当前的
③How
many
people
were
present
at
the
meeting
yesterday？出席的
④These
notes
will
remind
you
how
to
present
your
ideas.陈述；提出
⑤Whenever
you
buy
a
present，you
should
think
about
it
from
the
receiver's
point
of
view.礼物
[小片段填空]
All
students
were
present
at
the
meeting
on
Teachers'
Day.Some
students
presented
flowers
to
the
representatives
of
teachers
as
festival
presents．
purchase
n．购买；采购；购买的东西；v.买；购买；采购
[教材P39] After
I
went
on
TV，a
major
Asian
manufacturer
of
cosmetics
was
willing
to
purchase
my
product
and
help
with
its
distribution.
我上了电视后，一家主要的亚洲化妆品制造商愿意购买我的产品并帮助我分销。
[例1] We
guarantee
to
refund
your
money
if
you
are
not
delighted
with
your
purchase.
若您对所购商品不满意，我们保证退款。
[例2] He
gave
his
son
some
money
for
the
purchase
of
his
school
books.
他给儿子一些钱购买学校的课本。
[造句]
我想买这件衬衫。
I
would
like
to
purchase
this
shirt，please.
[知识拓展]
make
a
purchase
购买
on
special
purchase
特价出售
purchase
price
购买价格
purchasing
power
购买力
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①These
boots
are
on
special
purchase.
②The
purchasing
power
of
the
dollar
(美元的购买力)
has
declined.
consultant
n．顾问
[教材P39] ...she
advises
that
people
be
realistic
and
seek
guidance
from
expert
consultants
before
rushing
into
things.
……她建议人们要现实一点，向内行的顾问寻求指导，以免仓促行事。
[例1] That
company
wanted
to
hire
him
as
their
consultant，but
he
declined
firmly.
那家公司想雇他做顾问，但他坚决拒绝了。
[例2] Our
company
didn't
have
a
specialist，so
we
hired
a
consultant.
我们的公司没有专家，所以我们聘请了一位顾问。
[造句]
顾问将解释我们该如何经营我们的业务。
The
consultant
will
explain
how
we
should
run
our
business.
[知识拓展]
(1)consult
v．
请教/咨询
(2)consult
sb.about
sth.
向某人请教/咨询某事
consult
with
sb.about
sth.
与某人商量/磋商某事
consult
a
doctor
向医生求诊
consult
a
dictionary
查字典
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Why
didn't
you
consult
with
me
about
such
an
important
matter?
②By
the
time
I
arrived
at
the
ward，my
consultant
(consult)
was
already
there.
[小片段填空]
I
am
a
34?year?old
man，married，live
in
a
nice
house，and
have
a
successful
career
as
an
educational
consultant．One
day，a
boy
went
to
my
office
to
consult
me
about
the
method
of
learning
English.Having
consulted
me，he
knew
how
to
improve
his
English
and
went
home
happily.
access
n．接近；通路；接近或进入的权利/机会/通路
v．进入；存取(尤指电脑数据)；访问
[教材P39] What
really
matters
is
a
sound
business
plan，access
to
capital，and
good
management
and
negotiating
skills.
真正重要的是一个完备的商业计划、获得资金的渠道、以及良好的管理和谈判技巧。
[例1] Students
must
have
access
to
good
resources.
学生必须有机会使用好的资源。
[例2] You
need
a
password
to
get
access
to
the
computer
system.
使用这个计算机系统需要密码。
[造句]
药品不应该放在孩子们可以拿到的地方。
Medicine
should
not
be
kept
where
it
is
accessible
to
children.
[知识拓展]
(1)access
to...
接近……的机会；进入……的权利
have/get/gain/obtain
access
to...
可以接近/会见/进入……
(2)accessible
adj.
可进入的；可使用的
be
accessible
to
可进入……；可使用……；易接近……
[即学即练] 写出下列句中access的含义/单句语法填空
①To
sum
up，low
price，easy
access
to
information
and
wide
use
make
students
use
computers
a
lot.
接近……的机会
②The
only
access
to
the
farmhouse
is
across
the
fields.
通路
③He
accessed
three
different
files
to
find
the
correct
information.
访问
④Kids
shouldn't
have
access
to
violent
films
because
they
might
imitate
the
things
they
see.
⑤All
the
sites
are
free
to
the
public
and
accessible(access)
to
anyone
with
an
Internet
connection.
[小片段填空]
Fallen
rocks
cut
off
the
only
access
to
the
village，so
it
is
not
accessible
to
outside
now.
Sentence
Patterns
独立主格结构
[教材P38] They
stared
back，their
blank
faces
giving
no
clue
as
to
what
they
would
say
next.
他们回头看了看，从他们没有表情的脸上根本看不出接下来他们会说什么。
句式分析：句子中their
blank
faces
giving
no
clue
as
to
what
they
would
say
next为“逻辑主语＋
现在分词”的独立主格结构。独立主格结构的逻辑主语与主句的主语不一致，它独立存在。
[例1] Mary
has
written
two
novels，both
of
them
having
been
made
into
television
series.
玛丽已经写了两部小说，都被拍成了电视剧。
[例2] All
the
tickets
sold
when
they
arrived，they
went
away，disappointed.
当他们到达的时候，票都卖光了，他们失望地走开了。
[造句]
我手里拿着剑跟着他来到这里。
I
followed
him
here，sword
in
hand.
[知识拓展]
该结构一般作状语，表示时间、条件、原因、伴随状况等，常见的独立主格结构形式是：
(1)名词/代词＋名词
(2)名词/代词＋形容词/副词/介词短语
(3)名词/代词＋现在分词/过去分词/不定式
[翻译1] 人体有许多器官组成，每一个器官都有确定的工作要做。
The
human
body
is
composed
of
organs，each
having
a
definite
job
to
do．
[翻译2] 有许多工作要做，我必须待在家里一整天。
Lots
of
work
to
do，I
have
to
stay
at
home
all
day.
[即学即练] 句型转换/单句语法填空
①The
trees
there
are
extremely
tall，and
some
measures
over
90
metres.
→The
trees
there
are
extremely
tall，some
measuring
over
90
metres.
②Then
she
leapt
backwards，back
arched(arch)and
fur
on
end，tail
held
out
stiffly.
强调句型
[教材P39] It
was
only
then
that
the
locals
began
to
believe
me.
就是在那时，本地人才开始相信我。
句式分析：该句子是对时间状语
then
的强调。
[例1] I
wonder
what
it
was
that
you
were
doing
at
this
time
yesterday.
我想知道你昨天这个时候在干什么。
[例2] It
was
when
I
got
back
to
my
apartment
that
I
first
came
across
my
new
neighbors.
当我回到公寓的时候，我第一次遇到了我的新邻居。
[造句]
只有压力太大才会伤害你。
It
is
only
too
much
stress
that
does
you
harm.
[知识拓展]
1．强调句型的结构
(1)强调句型的基本结构：It
is/was＋被强调的部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分。该句型可对句子的主语、表语、宾语、状语等进行强调。当被强调部分是人，且作主语时，可用who或that，其他情况下一律用that。
It
is
only
by
listening
to
and
understanding
each
other
that
problems
between
parents
and
children
can
be
settled.
只有通过倾听和相互理解，父母和孩子之间的问题才可能被解决。
强调主语时，要注意连接词和谓语的一致性。
It
is
our
teacher
who/that
helps
us
make
great
progress.
正是我们的老师帮助我们取得了很大的进步。
(2)强调句型的一般疑问句结构：Is/Was
＋it＋被强调的部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分？
Was
it
in
the
park
that
he
met
our
new
teacher?
他是在公园里遇到我们的新老师的吗？
(3)强调句型的特殊疑问句结构：疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that＋句子其他部分？
When
was
it
that
he
made
up
his
mind
to
take
this
course?
他是什么时候决定选修这门课程的？
由疑问词引导的强调结构在句中作宾语从句时，从句必须使用陈述语序。
She
doesn't
know
who
it
was
that
saved
her
son.
她不知道是谁救了她的儿子。
(4)not...until的强调句型结构：It
is/was
not
until...＋that＋句子其他部分。
It
was
not
until
he
got
home
30
minutes
later
that
he
found
he
had
left
his
bag
in
the
taxi.
直到他到家三十分钟后他才发现他把包落在了出租车上。
2．强调谓语动词
用助动词do，does或did来强调谓语动词，用于一般现在时和一般过去时的肯定的陈述句中，do还可以用于祈使句。
She
did
tell
me
her
address，but
I
forgot
all
about
it.
她确实告诉过我她的地址，但我全忘了。
[翻译1] 直到战争结束他才回家。
It
is
not
until
the
war
was
over
that
he
returned
home.
[翻译2] 是你做的而不是你说的才重要。
It
is
what
you
did
not
what
you
said
that
counts.
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/句型转换
①It
is
not
only
the
attitudes
towards
science
that
are
changing.
②It
is
at
the
hotel
that
the
coach
picks
up
tourists.
③Was
it
because
Jack
came
late
for
school
that
Mr.Smith
got
angry?
④I
did
not
realise
that
she
was
a
famous
film
star
until
she
took
off
her
dark
glasses.
→It
was
not
until
she
took
off
her
dark
glasses
that
I
realised
that
she
was
a
famous
film
star.
(用强调句型改写)
→
Not
until
she
took
off
her
dark
glasses
did
I
realise
that
she
was
a
famous
film
star.
(用倒装句改写)
It
was
only
after
graduating
from
university
overseas
and
returning
to
visit
her
parents
that
Zhang
realised
the
potential.
分析：本句是强调句型，被强调部分是only
after
graduating
from
university
overseas
and
returning
to
visit
her
parents，正常语序是Zhang
realised
the
potential
only
after
graduating
from
university
overseas
and
returning
to
visit
her
parents.强调句型的基本结构是：
It
is/was
＋被强调部分
＋that/who＋其他成分。
译文：直到从海外大学毕业回国探望父母后，张月才意识到这一潜力。
教材
高考
1.It
was
only
after
graduating
from
university
overseas
and
returning
to
visit
her
parents
that
Zhang
realised
the
potential.
(2016·江苏卷)He
sensed
a
great
potential
in
her
despite
her
weaknesses.
2.After
I
went
on
TV，a
major
Asian
manufacturer
of
cosmetics
was
willing
to
purchase
my
product
and
help
with
its
distribution.
(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)…the
reader
had
to
go
down
to
the
printer's
office
to
purchase
a
copy.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．I
found
her
crying
very
much，tears
running(run)
down
her
cheeks.
2．Little
Franz
was
surprised
to
see
some
of
the
village
people
seated(seat)
on
the
benches
at
the
end
of
the
room.
3．The
police
gained
access
through
a
broken
window.
4．I
ended
up
doing(do)
all
the
work
myself.
5．He
realised
the
potential
for
error
in
the
method
being
used.
6．Who
was
it
that
won
the
US
Open?
7．She
found
that
all
the
names
in
the
letter
had
been
blanked(blank)
out.
8．If
you
don't
know
how
to
use
this
word，consult(consult)
a
dictionary.
9．Last
month
they
purchased(purchase)
the
land
for
$1
million.
10．It's
one
of
the
few
countries
where
people
drive
on
the
left.
Ⅱ.短语填空
as
to；a
world
away
from；row
upon
row；be
bitten
by
the...bug；start
out
1．This
gave
me
a
clue
as
to
the
source
of
the
problem.
2．It
is
a
world
away
from
the
world
we
know.
3．Row
upon
row
of
newly
built
warehouses
line
the
waterfront.
4．I've
definitely
been
bitten
by
the
cooking
bug．
5．I'm
careful
to
start
out
by
saying
clearly
what
I
want.
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
Zhang
Yue
was
very
nervous
when
giving
a
presentation
at
the
programme
1.
called
(call)Young
starts?ups.To
experience
the
2.freedom(free)of
being
her
own
boss
and
give
something
back
to
her
home
town，Zhang
Yue
decided
to
grow
roses
there
after
graduation.
3.Despite
growing
up
in
the
country，she
still
had
a
lot
to
learn
after
overcoming
a
number
of
4.obstacles(obstacle)in
nursing
her
business.The
biggest
challenge
was
to
persuade
people
to
work
for
her.Few
people
in
the
village
believed
her.After
she
went
on
TV，a
major
Asian
manufacturer
was
cooperated
with
her
5.willingly
(willing)
by
purchasing
her
products
and
6.
helping(help)with
its
distribution.Now，her
product
is
one
of
the
best
in
Asia.When
7.it
comes
to
other
8.enterprising(enterprise)young
people，Zhang
Yue
says
that
running
a
new
business
is
not
for
everyone
and
advises
that
people
9.be(be)realistic.It
is
many
factors
10.that
decide
your
success.
13/13速读教材P38－39课文，完成下列任务
Ⅰ.阅读判断
判断下列句子提供的信息是正确，还是错误，还是没有提及
1．Zhang
Yue
was
nervous
when
giving
her
presentation.
A．Right.
B．Wrong. C．Not
mentioned.
2．Zhang
Yue
made
up
her
mind
to
grow
roses
when
she
was
at
university.
A．Right. B．Wrong.
C．Not
mentioned.
3．Zhang
Yue
was
so
lucky
that
she
met
nothing
challenging.
A．Right. B．Wrong.
C．Not
mentioned.
4．The
biggest
challenge
to
succeed
is
to
get
enough
investment.
A．Right. B．Wrong.
C．Not
mentioned.
5．We
can
succeed
as
long
as
we
have
a
good
idea.
A．Right. B．Wrong.
C．Not
mentioned.
[答案] 1－5 ABBBB
Ⅱ.补全信息
选择正确选项填入空白处，补全所给句子提供的信息
A．who
was
just
starting
out
B．where
roses
grow
wild
C．which
surprised
many
people
D．which
was
totally
outside
my
experience
E．where
this
happens
1．This
is
a
place
．
2．The
biggest
challenge
at
the
initial
phase
was
to
persuade
people
to
work
for
me，
．
3．The
place
is
a
valley，a
world
away
from
any
television
studio.
4．Zhang
therefore
decided
to
return
to
her
home
town
and
grow
roses，
．
5．However，like
any
entrepreneur
，she
still
had
a
lot
to
learn.
[答案] 1－5 BDECA
Ⅲ.表格填空
Name
Zhang
Yue
Occupation
1.Boss
of
Rose
Valley
Co.Ltd.
General
situation
of
the
company
One
of
the
best
rose
products
in
2.Asia.
A
major
Asian
manufacturer
of
cosmetics
3.was
willing
to
buy
my
product
and
help
with
4.its
distribution.
Reasons
for
starting
a
Experiencing
the
freedom
of
5.being
her
own
boss.
To
6.give
something
back
to
her
home
town.
Challenges
Getting
7.
investment.
Persuading
people
8.to
work
for
her.
Advice
for
young
entrepreneurs
What
you
need
is：9.a
good
idea，hard
work
and
determination，a
sound
business
plan，access
to
capital，and
good
management
and
negotiating
skills.Know
10.
your
own
limits
and
those
of
the
people
you
work
with.
细读教材P38－39课文，完成下列任务
Ⅰ.主旨匹配
1．Para.1
A．The
reasons
why
Zhang
Yue
decided
to
return
to
her
home
town
and
grow
roses.
2．Para.2
B．Zhang
Yue
has
mixed
feelings
to
other
entrepreneurs.
3．Para.3
C．Zhang
Yue's
suggestions
to
other
entrepreneurs.
4．Para.4
D．Zhang
Yue's
rose
company
is
in
a
valley.
5．Para.5
E．The
time
that
Zhang
Yue
made
up
her
mind
to
grow
roses.
6．Para.6
F．Zhang
Yue
was
nervous
when
giving
presentation
to
get
help.
7．Para.7
G．Many
young
people
choose
to
start
their
own
businesses.
8．Para.8
H．Although
successful，Zhang
Yue
still
has
a
lot
to
learn.
[答案] 1－5 FDEAG 6－8 HBC
Ⅱ.单项选择
1．When
did
Zhang
Yue
choose
to
grow
roses?
A．Childhood.
B．After
presentation.
C．After
graduation
from
university.
D．After
getting
help.
2．Why
do
many
young
people
choose
to
start
their
own
companies?
A．The
growing
economy
provides
more
opportunities.
B．They
don't
want
to
work
for
others.
C．They
want
to
stay
at
home.
D．It
is
difficult
for
them
to
find
a
job.
3．Which
is
wrong
according
to
Zhang
Yue?
A．It
requires
many
qualities
for
young
people.
B．A
sound
business
plan
can
guarantee
success.
C．We
should
be
cautious
to
start
our
own
businesses.
D．Zhang
Yue's
company
is
running
well
now.
4.What
is
the
main
purpose
of
the
passage?
A．To
help
young
people
think
more
realistically
before
starting
their
own
businesses.
B．To
encourage
all
the
young
people
to
start
their
own
businesses
after
graduation.
C．To
introduce
the
main
reasons
why
young
people
choose
to
start
their
own
businesses.
D．To
analyse
the
pros
and
cons
of
young
people
starting
their
own
businesses.
[答案] 1－4 CABA
Ⅲ.读后续写微技能
读后续写微技能——心理活动的描述(一)
A．阅读课文中含有描述心理活动的语句
1．As
she
spoke，Zhang
Yue
put
her
hands
behind
her
back
to
hide
that
they
were
shaking.
2．She
couldn't，however，hide
the
line
of
sweat
running
down
her
forehead，which
was
caused
partly
by
the
heat
of
the
television
studio，but
more
by
fear
of
the
four
people
seated
in
front
of
her.
3．They
stared
back，their
blank
faces
giving
no
clue
as
to
what
they
would
say
next.
B．判断下列语句中哪个是描述心理活动的？
1．Feeling
dizzy，Zhang
Yue
took
a
deep
breath
as
she
struggled
to
finish
her
presentation.
2．This
is
a
place
where
roses
grow
wild.
3．It
was
only
after
graduating
from
university
overseas
and
returning
to
visit
her
parents
that
Zhang
realised
the
potential.
[答案] 1
2/4课时分层作业(十一)
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．We
are
using
technology
to
reduce
the
money
that/which
we
spend
on
goods
and
services.
2．What
is
in
no
doubt
is
that
the
sharing
economy
is
increasingly(increasing)
relevant
to
our
daily
lives.
3．It
is
expanding
at
such
a
rate
that
we
can
only
imagine
what
it
will
comprise
in
the
future.
4．Some
people
have
experienced
damage
to
their
properties
while
renting
out
their
homes.
5．Sharing
encourages
us
to
reuse(reuse)
items，thereby
cutting
down
on
waste.
6．I'll
see
whether
she's
at
home.
7．Whether
it
is
an
online
shop
where
we
can
hire
designer
clothes
at
rock?bottom
prices，or
a
platform
from
which
we
can
rent
out
our
flats，it
is
out
there.
8．They
were
well
trained
by
their
masters
who/that
had
great
experience
with
caring
for
these
animals.
9．Self?driving
is
an
area
where
China
and
the
rest
of
the
world
are
on
the
same
starting
line.
10．Kate，whose
sister
I
shared
a
room
with
when
we
were
at
college，has
gone
to
work
in
Australia.
Ⅱ.完形填空
I'm
sure
many
of
you
are
familiar
with
the
New
Year's
resolution(决心)—“get
1
”．After
a
Christmas
of
staying
2
，
watching
television
and
eating
far
too
much
chocolate，I
decided
enough
was
enough.January
was
going
to
be
3
．January
was
going
to
be
the
start
of
the
new，healthy
me—less
chocolate，more
4
，
an
all?round
healthier
lifestyle.But
how
was
I
going
to
do
this?
As
I
browsed
the
Internet
looking
for
5
，
I
realised
just
how
little
I
knew
about
ways
to
get
fit.In
terms
of
exercise，I
had
always
6
you
either
played
a
team
sport
like
football
or
went
to
the
gym.And
with
the
arrival
of
January
snow，playing
football
outside
didn't
seem
like
the
best
option，and
as
I
have
a
deep?rooted
7
of
falling
off
running
machines，the
gym
wasn't
going
to
work
out
either.Plus
I've
never
quite
understood
the
concept
of
8
to
run
inside
when
you
could
run
outside
for
free!
9
，
I
knew
that
I
needed
to
research
my
options
further.The
first
thing
I
found
was
the
world
of
YouTube
exercise
videos.There
are
videos
for
10
about
everything.The
good
thing
about
YouTube
videos
is
that
they
are
free，they
are
flexible
(you
can
do
them
whenever
you
want)and
you
don't
have
to
11
your
nice
warm
house
to
do
them.But
unless
you
do
them
with
a
friend
it's
difficult
to
motivate
yourself
to
keep
going，and
without
an
instructor
there
with
you
it's
sometimes
hard
to
know
if
you're
doing
the
move
12
．
I
then
researched
local
fitness
classes
and
found
my
small
town
to
be
absolutely
swimming
with
13
！
I
quickly
signed
up
to
the
overall
sports
club，had
a
look
at
the
weekly
timetable
and
14
to
try
them
all
out.So
far
I
have
tried
out
most
of
them.My
15
ones
are
by
far
the
dance?based
ones
that
take
place
to
music，because
it
makes
exercise
so
much
more
fun!
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己探索适合自己的运动方式的经历。
1．A.rich
B．fit
C．busy
D．ready
B [由下文的“the
new”“healthy
me”及“ways
to
get
fit”可知，作者的新年打算是变得“健康(fit)”。]
2．A.alone
B．abroad
C．indoors
D．outside
C [圣诞节期间天气寒冷，作者应该是一直“在室内(indoors)”，看电视、吃东西，过着很不健康的生活。]
3．A.hard
B．similar
C．relaxing
D．different
D [由下文的“January
was
going
to
be
the
start
of
the
new，healthy
me”可知，作者打算用“不同的(different)”方式过新年的第一个月。]
4．A.exercise
B．food
C．fun
D．work
A [由下文的“healthier
lifestyle”及“In
terms
of
exercise”可推断，作者打算以后少吃巧克力，多做“运动(exercise)”。]
5．A.impression
B．preparation
C．inspiration
D．permission
C [作者浏览网上的信息以获得关于健康生活的“灵感(inspiration)”。]
6．A.allowed
B．admitted
C．assumed
D．promised
C [关于运动，作者原来一直“以为(assumed)”只有两种方式：做团体性运动或去健身房。]
7．A.surprise
B．anger
C．sadness
D．fear
D [由下文的“falling
off
running
machines，the
gym
wasn't
going
work
out
either”可推断，作者很“害怕(fear)”从跑步机上摔下来。]
8．A.paying
B．planning
C．practicing
D．playing
A [此处是相对于下文的“for
free”而言。即作者无法理解人们为什么明明可以免费在室外跑步却偏要“花钱(pay)”在室内跑步。]
9．A.Therefore
B．However
C．Besides
D．Otherwise
A [由上段可知，作者发现她所了解的两种运动方式都不可行，“因此(Therefore)”，她知道自己需要多做一些研究。]
10．A.only
B．also
C．just
D．still
C [作者发现YouTube上面有关于几乎所有运动方式的视频。just
about“几乎”。]
11．A.clean
B．leave
C．build
D．buy
B [跟着网上视频做运动不必“离开(leave)”家，在家里就可以做。]
12．A.smartly
B．quickly
C．correctly
D．beautifully
C [没有教练在身边，有时你很难知道自己的动作是否“正确(correctly)”。]
13．A.opportunity
B．danger
C．pressure
D．patience
A [由下文的感叹号及“I
quickly
signed
up
to
the
overall
sports
club”可推断，作者惊喜地发现自己所在的城镇里充满了关于运动的“机会(opportunity)”。]
14．A.agreed
B．decided
C．believed
D．advised
B [作者“决定(decided)”尝试运动俱乐部里的所有运动项目。]
15．A.regular
B．creative
C．ordinary
D．favourite
D [由下文的“because
it
makes
exercise
so
much
more
fun”可推断，作者“最喜欢的(favourite)”运动是那些可以跟着音乐跳舞的类型。]
Ⅲ.语法填空
Charles
Dickens
was
born
in
1812.When
he
was
only
12
years
old，he
had
to
get
a
job
in
a
factory
1.
(work)12?hour
days，because
his
family，except
himself，moved
into
a
debtor's
prison.He
hardly
made
enough
2.
(buy)bread
and
rent
a
bed
in
an
old
room.
Desperately，Charles'
father
studied
shorthand.When
he
received
some
money
from
a
relative，he
paid
his
debts
3.
got
out
of
prison.He
then
got
a
job
as
a
court
reporter.
Charles
quit
his
job
and
went
to
school.Charles
studied
hard
and
learned
4.
(speed)．He
also
studied
people，paying
attention
5.
what
they
did
and
why
they
did
it.After
two
years，he
got
a
job
as
a
reporter
at
England's
Houses
of
Parliament.Even
though
he
found
it
6.
(fascinate)，he
wondered
why
they
didn't
adopt
laws
to
help
poor
people.
Then
one
day
Charles
decided
to
wrote
a
story
of
7.
(he)own.Every
character
seemed
to
be
a
little
like
someone
8.
he
had
known.Finally，one
evening
he
published
his
story，under
the
pseudonym(笔名)Boz，at
The
Monthly
Magazine
office.
The
magazine
9.
(want)more
and
more
stories
by
Boz，so
Charles
wrote
many
stories
about
people
such
as
David
Copperfield
and
Oliver
Twist.Folks
around
the
world
were
fascinated
by
the
people
his
10.
(imagine)brought
to
life.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了狄更斯的生平和自我奋斗的历史。
1．working [he与work之间是逻辑上的主动关系，且表示伴随状况，故填working。]
2．to
buy [设空处作目的状语，故填to
buy。]
3．and [设空处前后为并列关系，故填and。]
4．speedily [设空处修饰动词learned，需用副词形式，故填speedily。]
5．to [pay
attention
to意为“关心，注意”。]
6．fascinating [设空处表示“极有吸引力的，迷人的”，故填fascinating。]
7．his [设空处与own意为“他自己的”。]
8．who/that [设空处引导定语从句修饰someone，且在从句中作宾语，故填who/that。]
9．wanted [该句描述的是过去的事情，需用一般过去时，故填wanted。]
10．imagination [设空处由物主代词his修饰，需用名词形式，故填imagination。]
5/5
