Unit 1 Great scientists

(共59张PPT)
He is the father of super hybrid rice and one of the great scientists.
Unit 1 Great scientists
Thomas Edison
Leonardo da Vinci
Stephen Hawking
Archimedes
Charles Darwin
Thomas Newcomen
Gregor Mendel
Marie Curie
Sir Humphry Davy
Zhang Heng
Alexander Bell
Wright Brothers
Franklin Elbert Einstein
Isaac Newton
In your opinion, what qualities
should a scientist have
careful clever strict patient creative strong-willed honest serious intelligent humorous ambitious generous
Which infectious
diseases do you know
AIDS, H1N1, bird flu
It infects people’s intestines(肠道), causing
diarrhoea(腹泻), vomiting(呕吐) and
dehydration(脱水)
This was the deadly disease of its day.
5oo deaths in 10 days in 1854 in London.
King cholera
What do you know about cholera
Cholera is a severe diarrhea(痢疾) disease caused by the bacterium(细菌).Transmission(传播)to humans is by ingesting(摄取) polluted water or food. Cholera can be mild or even without symptoms(征兆), but can lead to death without immediate treatment.
有经验的，专家
照顾，出席
内科医生
使…暴露, 显露
治疗
挑战
受害者
吸收, 专心于
怀疑, 认为
询问, 调研
suspect
enquiry
expert
attend
physician
expose
cure
challenge
victim
absorb
附近，邻里
水泵
预见，预知
责备
污染
把手，处理
与。。。连接
宣布
指示
announce
instruct
neighbourhood
pump
foresee
blame
pollute
handle
be linked to
How many theories did John Snow got interested in
What happened in 1854
Why was there no death at No. 20 and 21 Broad Street as well as at No. 8 and 9 Cambridge Street
Para 1
Para 2
Para 3
Para 4
Para 5
Para 6
Para 7
Find supporting evidence
Draw a conclusion
Think of a method
Collect results
Make a question
Find a problem
Analyse the results
What is the main idea of the passage
A. John Snow was a well-known
doctor in London.
B. The case of cholera was polluted
water.
C. The source of all drinking water
should be examined.
D. How John Snow collected,analysed
data and defeated cholera.
Para 1
Para 2
Para 3
Para 4
Para 5
Para 6
Para 7
Find supporting evidence
Draw a conclusion
Think of a method
Collect results
Make a question
Find a problem
Analyse the results
John Snow was an doctor in London who Queen Victoria as her personal . He thought about helping ordinary people to cholera. Though the cause and the of it were unknown, he wanted to face
the and solve the problem.
expert
attended
physician
exposed
cure
challenge
What caused cholera
What is the problem
Para.1 Find a problem.
Para.2 Make a question:
Two theories(ideas):
1. Cholera multiplied in the air.
2. People absorbed it into their bodies
with their meals.
Which theory is correct
Para.3 Think of a method
gather information
A map of Broad Street
What method did he use
Broad Street
Many deaths happened here.
No death happened here.
Public house
Para.4 Collect results
These families had not drunk the water from the Broad Street pump.
It seemed that the water was to blame for cholera.
？
Para.5 Analyse the results
Reading carefully
What happened to the pump water
2. What did the people do？
The water was from the river polluted by the dirty water from London.
Remove the handle from the water pump so that it could not be used.
Para.6 Find supporting evidence
Reading carefully
What ’s the extra evidence
A woman and her daughter who lived far away but drank the water also died.
Para.7 draw a conclusion
Reading carefully
To prevent cholera from spreading again, what did John Snow do
① Suggested that the source of all water
supplies be examined.
② Instructed the water companies not to
expose people to the polluted water any
more.
The polluted water caused cholera.
Draw a conclusion
Find a problem
Make a question
Think of a method
Collect results
Analyse the results
Para 1
Para 2
Para 3
Para 4
Para 5
Para 6
Find supporting evidence
Para 7
Review 7 steps that John Snow took
Read the text carefully and choose the best answers.
1. What’s the purpose of the text
A. To show us how difficult it was to find a cure for cholera.
B. To tell us how John Snow found the cause of cholera and the cure for it.
C. To show us how difficult it was to carry out experiments at that time.
D. To tell us the way cholera spread and how serious it was.
B
2.John Snow finally proved the
theory he believed by ______.
gathering information with
the help of a map
B. looking into the source of the water for Broad Street and Cambridge Street
C. separating those who suffered cholera from those who didn’t
D. both A and B
3. Which is TRUE according to the text
A. John Snow became famous after cholera hit England in the 19th century.
B. John Snow began to collect information long before cholera hit England in the 19th century.
C. The mother and her daughter mentioned in the text both lived in Broad Street.
D. John Snow felt unsure about the cause of cholera after he finished the map.
D
4. Why was cholera called “King Cholera” in the text
A.Because cholera caused many
deaths.
B.Because it got its name from Queen
Victoria.
C.Because cholera was the most
deadly disease of its day.
D.Because it was defeated with the
help of the king.
C
What should we pay attention to in our daily life in order not to get infected with cholera
Heat the food left overnight
Wash hands often
Drink boiled water
discussion
Keep away from flies
choose fresh sea food
Keep the kitchen clean
Cook raw food thoroughly
Dispose rubbish properly.
John Snow－a doctor, _________ Queen Victory as her personal ________.But he was willing to help ordinary people ____________ cholera.Many people died ________ there was an ________.He wanted to face the ________ and solve the problem.Two theories caught her
attended
physician
exposed to
every time
outbreak
challenge
attention.The first ________ that cholera multiplied in the air.The second suggested that people _________ this disease into their bodies and the disease _________ the body. John Snow ___________ the second was right but he needed evidence.
absorbed
attacked
suspected
suggested
When another outbreak hit London in 1854，he was ready to begin his _______ and tried to get information.
He found that most of the deaths were near a water _______ and the spread of the disease was _________ water. With the evidence, he was able to ________ that polluted water carried the virus.
enquiry
linked to
announce
pump
After that, he suggested the source of the water supplies ____________.
Finally “King Cholera”was ______.
be examined
defeated
照顾某人
私人医生
受到鼓舞的
患霍乱的普通人
致命的疾病
挑战并解决问题
控制
建议，表明
把疾病吸入体内
感染，影响
怀疑，嫌疑犯
证件
袭击
快速传播
搜集信息
特别的，尤其的，挑剔的
决定做某事
有价值的线索
死亡
进行调查
似乎要责备的是水
调查水源
吃惊的人
与。。。联系
肯定的宣布
阻止
水的供应
1. … so expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Bictoria …
expert
n. 专家； 能手
农业专家
an agricultural expert
an expert in agriculture
adj. 有经验的；熟练的
她是个熟练的纺织工人，而且她还
很擅长烹饪。
She is an ______ weaver and she is ______ in cooking.　
expert
expert
attend
1) 出席；参加
attend meeting / lecture / school
2) 照顾；看护
1.Those _________ the lecture sang high praise for the professor’s opinion.
2.The guests were all well ________ while they stayed here.
3.Every student was asked _______ to the teacher during class.
attending
attended
to attend
2.… when he thought about helping
ordinary people exposed to cholera.
expose
vt 暴露；揭露; 使曝光
使面临；使遭受
expose sth to sth
使…暴露于…之下
be exposed to
面临着…, 暴露于…
exposed
adj 无遮蔽的, 暴露的
不要让你的皮肤在太阳下暴晒。
Don’t ~ your skin to the sun.
______ sunlight for too much
time will do harm to your skin.
A. Exposed to
B. Being exposed to
C. Exposing to
D. To expose to
B
3. So many thousands of terrified
people died every time there was an
outbreak.
每当我表达自己的观点时，她总是
与我辩论。
Every time I express myself, she
always argues with me.
every time / each time , the first
time, the moment / the minute
(一…就)等都可以作连词,引导时间
状语从句
____ I met her, I thought she was
an American.
For the first time B. At first
C. The first time D. \
C
Susan is always ready to help me
______ I come to ask her for help.
A. by the time B. every time
C. sometimes D. at times
B
4. Neither its cause, nor its cure was
understood.
cure
n. 治疗(方法)
v. 治愈, 治好
cure sb of sth
治好某人…
医生最终治好了他的病．
The doctor cured him of his illness at
last.
他知道，在找到病源之前，霍乱疫情是无法控制的。
He knew that cholera would never be controlled until its cause was found.
5. control
v / n 统治，控制
lose control of
be out of control
失去对…控制
失去控制
in control of…
in / under the control of …
控制着…
在…的控制下, 被…控制着
Mr Brown is ___________ the money.
The money is ___________________ Mr Brown.
in control of
under/in the control of
6. absorb vt.
吸收 , 吸引, 专心于
absorbed
adj 专心的
be absorbed in
专心于
It is very quiet in the classroom.
The students are all ____ reading.
A. absorded B. absorbed in
C. absorbing in D. absorb
B
_____ in her new novel, the young
writer kept thinking and writing
in her study.
A. Having deeply absorbed
B. Deeply absorbing
C. Be deeply absorbed
D. Deeply absorbed
D
7. The first suggested that cholera
multiplied in the air.
To prevent …, John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined.
暗示,表明
suggest
建议
suggest (that) sb
(should) do sth
suggest (doing) sth
:后用陈述语气
suggestion后的从句也用(should)
do
The teacher suggested that he _____
______ (write) an English diary every day.
Grandfather suggests ________ (take) the children to the zoo this weekend.
All evidence suggested that he ____ (be) the murderer.
(should)
write
taking
was
1). His pale face suggested that he
_____ ill.
A. be B. was C. should be D. is
2). My suggestion is that we ______a meeting to discuss it at once.
A. have B. should have
C. has D. having
B
A / B
8.It seemed that water was to blame.
blame sb for doing / sth
因为某事责备某人
blame…on…
把…归咎于…
这个错误应责备谁？
Who is to blame for the mistake？
sb / sth be to blame
应责备…
(不能用to be blamed)
He is to be blamed.
He is to blame.
______ for the breakdown of the
school computer network, Alice
was in low spirits．
A. Blaming B. Blamed
C. To blame D. To be blamed
B
Everyone assumes John is ___ but
they don’t know the other side of
the coin.
A. blamed B. to blame
C. blaming D. to be blamed
B
We all feel it is Jack as well as his wife that ______ for their son’s bad performance at school.
A. are to blame
B. is to be blamed
C. are to be blamed
D. is to blame
D
9.The water companies were
instructed not to expose people …
instruct
vt. 指示,命令
instruct sb (not) to do sth
instruction
n. 指示, 说明
Please read the ____ on the bottle
and take the right amount of
medicine.
A. explanations
B. descriptions
C. instructions
D. introductions
C