Unit
1
Festivals
around
the
world
□beauty
n.□harvest
n．&vt.&vi.□hunter
n.□religious
adj.□seasonal
adj.□ancestor
n.□grave
n．
□feast
n.□bone
n.□poet
n.□produce
n.□rooster
n.□carnival
n.□lunar
adj.
□Easter
n.□parade
n.□clothing
n.□worldwide
adj.□necessity
n.□prediction
n.□fashion
n．
□parking
n.□drown
vt.&vi.□wipe
vt.□weave
vt.&vi.□herd
n.□weep
vi.&n.
1．(2020·江苏卷)This
actor
often
has
the
first
two
tricks
planned
before
performing,
and
then
goes
for
whatever.
技巧
2．(2017·浙江卷)Pahlsson
and
her
husband
searched
the
kitchen,
checking
every
corner,
but
turned
up
nothing.
发现
3．(全国卷Ⅰ)In
all,
from
the
time
the
stem
cells
are
harvested
from
a
donor
to
the
time
they
can
be
implanted
in
the
patient,
we've
got
72
hours
at
most.
采集
[单词 拼写·运用]
核心单词
语境运用
1．belief
n．信任；信心；信仰2．trick
n．诡计；恶作剧；窍门vt.欺骗；诈骗3．gain
vt.获得；得到4．gather
vt.&vi.搜集；集合；聚集5．award
n．奖；奖品vt.授予；判定6．custom
n．习惯；风俗7．fool
n．愚人；白痴；受骗者vt.愚弄；欺骗vi.干傻事；开玩笑adj.傻的8．obvious
adj.明显的；显而易见的9．forgive
vt.原谅；饶恕
用所给词的适当形式填空。1．Tom
gained
(gain)
friendship
and
experience
from
the
local
residents
when
working
with
them.2．He
was
awarded(award)
the
first
prize
in
the
speech
competition,
which
made
his
parents
very
proud.3．We
were
tricked(trick)
into
buying
a
car
of
poor
quality
last
month.4．It
is
difficult
for
many
to
get
used
to
another
country's
customs
(custom)．5．The
teacher's
smile
implied
that
she
had
forgiven
(forgive)me.
派生单词
语境运用
1．
celebrate
v．庆祝；
祝贺→celebration
n．庆祝；
祝贺2．starve
vi.&vt.(使)饿死；
饿得要死→
starvation
n．饿死3．origin
n．起源；
由来；
起因→
original
adj.原来的4．arrive
vi.到达→arrival
n．到来；
到达；
到达者
5．independent
adj.独立的；
自主的→independence
n．独立；
自主6．agriculture
n．农业；农艺；农学→
agricultural
adj.农业的；农艺的7．admire
vt.赞美；钦佩；羡慕→
admiration
n．敬佩，钦佩；羡慕8．energy
n．能量；
精力→energetic
adj.充满活力的；
精力充沛的；
积极的
9．permit
vt.允许
n．许可证；
执照→permission
n．许可；
允许
10．apologize
vi.道歉；
辩白→
apology
n．道歉11．
sad
adj.悲伤的→sadly
adv.伤心地；悲伤地→
sadness
n．悲哀；
悲伤12．remind
vt.提醒；
使想起→
reminder
n．起提醒作用的东西；
提醒者
用所给词的适当形式填空。1．They
are
celebrating
the
Dragon
Boat
Festival
and
many
people
are
joining
in
the
celebration．(celebrate)2．The
moment
I
saw
the
scientist
admired
by
everyone,
words
failed
to
express
my
admiration．(admire)3．The
young
man
kept
apologizing
to
his
girlfriend
for
being
late,
but
she
refused
to
accept
his
apology．(apologize)4．Since
the
country
gained
its
independence,
it
has
been
independent
of
any
of
the
leading
powers
of
the
world.(independence)5．Even
if
you
have
a
permit,
I
won't
permit
you
to
enter
the
hall
without
the
director's
permission．(permit)6．Della's
eyes
were
full
of
sadness
at
the
sad
news
and
she
looked
sadly
at
her
husband.(sad)7．To
keep
energetic,
he
sets
aside
two
hours
a
day
to
take
exercise.
That's
why
he
is
always
full
of
energy．(energy)
[短语 理解·运用]
高频短语
语境运用
1．take
place发生2．in
memory
of纪念；追念3．dress
up穿上盛装；打扮；装饰4．play
a
trick
on
搞恶作剧；诈骗；开玩笑5．look
forward
to
期望；期待；盼望6．day
and
night日夜；昼夜；整天7．as
though好像8．have
fun
with玩得开心9．turn
up出现；到场10．keep
one's
word
守信用；履行诺言11．hold
one's
breath
屏息；屏气12．set
off出发；动身；使爆炸13．remind...of...使……想起……14．make
an
apology
to
sb.
向某人道歉
填入一个适当的词。I'm
looking
forward
①to
visiting
my
hometown
again,
the
sight
of
which
reminds
me
②of
my
childhood.
At
that
time,
we
small
kids
used
to
play
in
our
neighborhood.
We
would
play
tricks
③on
one
another
when
silly
things
took
place.
On
important
festivals,
we
dressed
ourselves
④up
and
together
with
adults
turned
⑤up
at
parties,
enjoying
big
meals.
When
evening
came,
we
could
have
great
fun
setting
⑥off
firecrackers
and
playing
hide?and?seek
after
attending
a
ceremony
held
⑦in
memory
of
our
ancestors.
[句式 辨识·运用]
教材原句背诵
句式结构仿写
1．主语＋be＋adj.＋to
do
sth.At
that
time
people
would
starve
if
food
was
difficult
to
find,
especially
during
the
cold
winter
months.
对大多数人来说，中国绘画技能不易掌握。For
most
people,
Chinese
painting
skills
aren't
easy
to
master.
2．either...or...
或者……或者……Some
festivals
are
held
to
honour
the
dead
or
to
satisfy
the
ancestors，who
might
return
either
to
help
or
to
do
harm.
课余时间，我经常去“英语角”或者体育馆。I
often
go
to
either
the
English
Corner
or
the
gym
in
my
spare
time
at
school.
3．it作形式主语It
was
obvious
that
the
manager
of
the
coffee
shop
was
waiting
for
Li
Fang
to
leave
—
he
wiped
the
tables,
then
sat
down
and
turned
on
the
TV
—
just
what
Li
Fang
needed！
显而易见，
智能手机缩短了人与人之间的距离，使我们的生活更方便了。It
is
obvious
that
smartphones
shorten
the
distance
between
people
and
make
our
lives
more
convenient.
1．admire
vt.赞美；钦佩；羡慕
[高考原句·2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ]
In
Samarkand,
Mr.
Bissell
admires
the
architectural
wonders,
while
on
his
way
to
Bukhara
he
gets
a
taste
of
police
methods
when
suspected
of
drug
dealing.
(1)admire
sb.for
sth.因某事羡慕某人
(2)admiration
n．钦佩；赞美；羡慕
in/with
admiration钦佩地；羡慕地
express/have
admiration
for
sb./sth.羡慕/钦佩某人/物
admire
him
for
his
courage钦佩他的勇气
admire
his
handwork欣赏他的手工制品
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Many
people
around
the
world
admire
China
for
its
great
contributions
to
the
world
peace.
②My
deskmate
expresses
admiration
(admire)
for
my
fluent
English
and
I
usually
feel
encouraged
by
his
compliments.
[链接写作]——一句多译
我们佩服他面对危险时的勇气。
①We
admired
him
for
his
courage
in
the
face
of
danger.
(admire)
②We
had/expressed
admiration
for
his
courage
in
the
face
of
danger.
(admiration)
2．apologize
vi.道歉；辩白
[高考原句·2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ]
You
don't
need
to
apologize
for
a
minor
slip.
(1)apologize
(to
sb.)
for
(doing)
sth.
因……(向某人)道歉
(2)make
an
apology
to
sb.for
sth.
因某事向某人道歉
accept
Tom's
apology
接受汤姆的道歉
owe
my
friend
an
apology
应向我朋友道歉
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)After
a
while,
she
apologized
for
the
way
she
behaved
at
the
beginning.
②In
this
instance,
the
best
solution
is
to
send
a
quick,
light?hearted
apology
(apologize)
to
explain
your
awkwardness.
[链接写作]——一句多译
我为不能遵守约定向你道歉。
①I
apologize
to
you
for
failing
to
keep
the
appointment.(apologize)
②I
make/express/convey
an
apology
to
you
for
failing
to
keep
the
appointment.(apology)
③I
owe
you
an
apology
for
failing
to
keep
the
appointment.(apology)
3．remind
vt.提醒；使想起
[高考原句·2020·江苏卷]The
phone
boxes
are
making
a
comeback
to
remind
people
of
a
historical
period.
remind
sb.of
sth.提醒某人某事
remind
sb.to
do
sth.提醒某人做某事
remind
sb.that...提醒某人……
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Confucius
believed
knives
would
remind
people
of
killings
and
were
too
violent
for
use
at
the
table.
②Please
remind
me
to
write
(write)
an
e
?mail
to
my
mother
tomorrow,
for
it's
her
birthday.
③The
seventeen?year?old
boy
put
up
a
picture
of
Messi
beside
his
bed
to
keep
himself
reminded(remind)
of
his
own
dream.
[链接写作]——完成句子
老师的话让我想起了“有志者，事竟成”的名言。
What
the
teacher
had
said
reminded
me
of
the
famous
saying，“Where
there
is
a
will,
there
is
a
way.”
4．look
forward
to期望；期待；盼望
(1)look
forward有时表示“向前看”，后跟to
do表示目的。
(2)含介词to后接动名词的动词短语还有：
apply
oneself
to
专心致志于
lead
to/contribute
to
导致/有助于
get
down
to
...
开始认真做……
be
devoted
to
专心于
be
used/accustomed
to
习惯于
adjust/adapt
to
适应
object
to/be
opposed
to
反对
[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错
①I
hope
my
suggestions
will
be
of
some
help
to
you，and
I'm
looking
forward
to
hearing
(hear)from
you
soon.
②The
birthday
present
I'd
been
looking
forward
to
came(come)
at
last.
③He
stood
up
and
looked
forward
to
see(see)
who
was
making
noises
in
the
street.
④We
got
down
to
help
harvest
the
crops
immediately
we
arrived
at
the
farm.
help→helping
[链接写作]——完成句子
如果您能考虑我的申请，我将不胜感激。期待您的早日回复。
I'd
appreciate
it
if
you
could
take
my
application
into
consideration.
I'm
looking
forward
to
your
early
reply．
5．turn
up出现；到场；翻起；调高；找到；发现
[高考原句·2020·江苏卷]
Yet,
when
something
new
turns
up,
more
often
than
not,
we
do
not
even
know
its
name.
turn
on打开；开启
turn
off关掉
turn
down调小；拒绝
turn
to求助于
turn
over翻转
turn
in上交；欺骗
turn
out结果是；生产；制造；赶走
[基础练习]——写出下列句中turn
up的含义
①He
promised
that
he
would
come,
but
he
hasn't
turned
up
yet.出席；到场
②Turn
up
the
radio
so
that
I
can
hear
the
program.调高
③As
it
was
freezing
cold
in
the
street，he
turned
up
the
collar
of
his
coat.翻起
④Don't
worry.I'm
sure
your
missing
glasses
will
turn
up
sooner
or
later.被发现；找到
[链接写作]——完成句子
①她想要更高的工资，所以她拒绝了那份工作。
She
turned
down
the
job
offer
because
she
wanted
more
money.
②有困难时请向警察求助。
Please
turn
to
the
police
for
help
when
you
are
in
trouble.
6．set
off出发；动身；使爆炸
[高考原句·2018·天津卷]If
a
smoke
detector
sets
off
an
alarm
and
there
is
no
fire
or
smoke,
inform
your
hall
staff.
set
out
for
sp.出发去某地
set
out
to
do
sth.＝set
about
doing
sth.开始做某事
set
aside存储；留出
set
up建立；创立
set
down放下；记下；登记
[基础练习]——写出下列句中set
off的含义
①Traditionally,
college
students
hold
a
graduation
ceremony
to
encourage
themselves
before
they
set
off
on
their
life
journey.出发
②On
New
Year's
Eve,
we
set
off
many
fireworks,
which
usually
makes
the
children
excited.燃放(烟花等)
③If
you
drop
a
lighted
cigarette
end，you
could
set
off
a
fire.引起
[链接写作]——完成句子
①你最好每天抽出一些时间运动，以便能够保持精力充沛。
You
had
better
set
aside
some
time
every
day
for
sports
so
that
you
can
keep
yourself
energetic.
②有你收集的这些信息，你可以着手准备你的商业计划了。
Armed
with
the
information
you
have
gathered,
you
can
set
about
preparing/set
out
to
prepare
your
business
plan.
7．[教材佳句P7]It
was
obvious
that
the
manager
of
the
coffee
shop
was
waiting
for
Li
Fang
to
leave...很明显，咖啡馆里的经理在等李方离开……
[句法句式]在It
was
obvious
that...句型中，it作形式主语，指代后面that
引导的主语从句。
it作形式主语的常见句型：
(1)It
is＋adj.＋
(for/of
sb.)
to
do
sth.
(2)It
is＋adj./n.＋that从句
(3)It
is
no
good/use
doing
sth.
做某事是没有好处/用的
[金句推送] It
is
obvious
that
without
your
timely
help,
I
wouldn't
have
achieved
my
goal.
显而易见，
没有你及时的帮助，我不可能实现我的目标。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Her
parents
thought
it
was
difficult
for
an
artist
to
find
(find)
a
job.
②It's
no
use
arguing
(argue)
with
her
—
she
won't
listen.
③(2020·江苏卷)It
is
not
a
problem
whether
we
can
win
the
battle;
it's
just
a
matter
of
time.
④It
is
careless
of
you
to
make
so
many
mistakes
in
the
exam.
⑤It
is
impossible
for
this
country
to
recover
in
a
short
time
from
this
financial
crisis.
[链接写作]——句式升级
(普通表达)Truly,
this
is
a
good
chance
for
you
to
have
a
good
understanding
of
Chinese
folk
music.
(高级表达)It
is
true
that
this
is
a
good
chance
for
you
to
have
a
good
understanding
of
Chinese
folk
music.(it作形式主语)
[名师点津] 在“It
is/was＋adj.＋(for/of
sb.)
＋to
do
sth.”结构中，for前面的形容词通常是difficult，necessary，important，quick，easy等，这些形容词多与事物的特征有关。而of前面的形容词常常是wise，kind，stupid，silly，bright，nice，good等，这些形容词常常与人的性格特点有关。
夯基固本——基础强化
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．She
speaks
English
so
well
that
her
friends
are
filled
with
admiration
(admire)．
2．Being
forgiven(forgive)
for
the
past
is
the
most
precious
gift
we
can
receive.
3．The
Internet
gives
people
the
chance
to
have
the
information
they
look
forward
to
delivered(deliver)
to
them
quickly
and
cheaply.
4．In
our
childhood,
we
were
often
reminded
by
Grandma
to
pay
(pay)
attention
to
our
table
manners.
5．I
hope
you
will
accept
my
apology(apologize)
and
that
our
friendship
will
be
as
good
as
ever
before.
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．It
is
known
to
us
all
that
the
old
scientist,
for
whom
life
was
hard
in
the
past,
still
works
very
hard
in
his
eighties.
2．That
day
was
nice,
with
no
clouds
in
the
sky.At
7：30
a．m.,
we
set
off
for
the
destination
happily.
3．Tom
didn't
turn
up
at
the
appointed
time；that
is,
he
broke
his
promise.
4．The
student
had
no
other
choice
but
to
apologize
to
his
teacher
for
the
mistake
he
had
made.
5．She
always
had
great
admiration
for
people
who
could
speak
so
many
languages.
Ⅲ.在下列句子中找出一处错误并改正。
1．Before
going
to
the
party
last
night,
we
reminded
to
pay
attention
to
our
table
manners.
reminded前加were
2．Lewis
was
much
admired
as
his
work
on
the
medical
research.
as→for
3．I
am
looking
forward
to
see
all
of
you
again
in
the
near
future!
see→seeing
4．When
the
sports
hero
was
turned
up
at
our
party,
he
was
welcomed
with
open
arms.
去掉第一个was
5．If
you
really
want
to
see
the
movie,
we'd
better
set
off
the
cinema
now.
off后加for
查缺补漏——知识拾遗
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．Nobody
is
allowed
to
take
photographs
in
the
old
temple
without
permission
(permit)．
2．I
find
that
doing
physical
exercise
a
couple
of
times
a
week
makes
me
feel
more
energetic
(energy)．
3．The
Nobel
Prize
is
awarded
(award)
to
those
who
make
great
contributions
in
their
fields
every
year.
4．Today's
homework
was
easy
to
do
(do),
so
Mike
finished
it
quickly
and
went
out
to
play.
5．Be
careful
when
crossing
the
bridge
or
you
will
fall
into
the
water
and
get
drowned
(drown)．
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．If
you
are
interested,
you
can
either
come
to
our
club
in
Room
202
on
the
first
floor,
Building
5
or
call
us
at
023?855?5955．
2．If
the
neighbours
do
not
give
any
sweets,
the
children
might
play
a
trick
on
them.
3．We
are
starving
for
knowledge
in
order
to
effectively
deal
with
the
problem
we
have
met.
4．You
don't
need
to
dress
up
to
go
to
the
pub—jeans
and
a
T?shirt
are
fine.
5．After
the
earthquake,
the
villagers
decided
to
build
a
monument
in
memory
of
the
rescue
workers
who
lost
their
lives.
强技提能——语言应用
Ⅰ.语法填空
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
Chinese
Spring
Festival
is
now
a
worldwide
1．celebration
(celebrate).
Customs
concerning
the
feast
vary
greatly,
2．but
there
are
common
practices.
Upon
its
arrival,
family
3．members
(member)
gather
for
the
reunion
dinner.
People
dress
4．up
and
visit
friends
and
relatives.
Children
feel
especially
5．energetic
(energy),
having
fun
with
fireworks,
6．which
also
remind
adults
of
their
happy
childhood
memories.
Few
people
know
about
7．the
origin
of
the
festival,
but
8．obviously
(obvious)
it's
a
time
to
admire
Gods
to
gain
their
forgiveness
as
well
as
a
time
9．to
honour
(honour)
the
ancestors.
People
look
forward
to
a
good
harvest
in
the
New
Year,
10．hoping
(hope)
no
more
starvation
will
take
place.
Ⅱ.书面表达
Step
1．要点提示(黑体字部分要使用本单元所学词汇)
①中秋节是一个重要的中国传统节日。它总是让我们想起满月、月饼等。
The
Mid?Autumn
Festival
is
an
important
traditional
Chinese
festival.It
always
reminds
us
of
the
full
moon,
mooncakes
and
so
on.
②无论有多远或者我们有多忙，我们都尽量回家庆祝节日并期待家人团聚。
No
matter
how
far
away
or
how
busy
we
are,
we
will
try
to
come
home
for
the
celebration
and
look
forward
to
the
family
reunion.
③我们和家人玩得开心。
We
have
fun
with
our
family.
④我们通常坐在一起，欣赏天空中美丽的月亮。
We
usually
sit
together
and
admire
the
beautiful
moon
up
in
the
sky.
⑤如果有人在这个重要的节日不能出现，他们通常向父母表达歉意。
If
someone
fails
to
turn
up
at
this
important
festival,
they
often
make
an
apology
to
their
parents.
⑥很自然，他们在这一天非常想念他们的家人。
Naturally,
they
miss
their
family
very
much
on
this
day.
Step
2．表达升级(改变所给句子的结构以使表达升级)
⑦用非限制性定语从句升级句①
The
Mid?Autumn
Festival
is
an
important
traditional
Chinese
festival,
which
always
reminds
us
of
the
full
moon,
mooncakes
and
so
on.
⑧用分词作伴随状语改写句④
We
usually
sit
together,
admiring
the
beautiful
moon
up
in
the
sky.
⑨用it作形式主语改写句⑥
It's
natural
that
they
miss
their
family
very
much
on
this
day.
Step
3．衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)
The
Mid?Autumn
Festival
is
an
important
traditional
Chinese
festival,
which
always
reminds
us
of
the
full
moon,
mooncakes
and
so
on.
Usually,
no
matter
how
far
away
or
how
busy
we
are,
we
will
try
to
come
home
for
the
celebration
and
look
forward
to
the
family
reunion.
We
have
fun
with
our
family.
For
example,
we
usually
sit
together,
admiring
the
beautiful
moon
up
in
the
sky.
If
someone
fails
to
turn
up
at
this
important
festival,
they
often
make
an
apology
to
their
parents.
It's
natural
that
they
miss
their
family
very
much
on
this
day.
PAGEUnit
2
Healthy
eating
□nut
n.□bean
n.□pea
n.□eggplant
n.□pepper
n.□mushroom
n.□peach
n．
□lemon
n.□barbecue
vt.&n.□mutton
n.□roast
adj.&
vt.&vi.□bacon
n.□hostess
n.□vinegar
n．
□discount
n.□fibre
n.□digest
vi.&vt.&n.□poisonous
adj.□carrot
n.□obesity
n．
□spy
vi.&vt.&n.□breast
n.□sigh
vi.&n.□cooperation
n.□ingredient
n.□flavour
n．
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Now
that
you've
listed
your
strengths,
list
your
imperfections.
优势
2．(浙江卷)But
the
helicopter
didn't
come
back
again,
and
the
day
became
darker.
The
slim
hope
in
Jane's
eyes
faded
away.
微小的
3．(安徽卷)The
limits
of
a
person's
intelligence
are
fixed
at
birth，but
whether
he
reaches
these
limits
will
depend
on
his
environment.
极限
[单词 拼写·运用]
核心单词
语境运用
1．diet
n．日常饮食vi.节食2．balance
vt.平衡；权衡n．天平；平衡3．sign
n．牌示；标记；符号4．slim
vi.变细；减肥adj.苗条的；纤细的5．raw
adj.生的；未加工的6．lie
n．谎话；谎言vi.说谎7．customer
n．顾客；消费者8．consult
vt.咨询；请教；商量9．debt
n．债；债务10．glare
vi.怒目而视；闪耀n．怒视；炫目的光
用所给词的适当形式填空。1．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)In
the
cafe,
customers
(customer)
will
enjoy
themselves
in
the
historical
environment
that
is
created
for
them.2．For
a
moment
there
was
only
an
awkward
silence
from
Taylor，who
simply
glared(glare)
at
her
interviewer.3．When
fat
people
wear
dark
clothes，they
look
slimmer(slim)
than
they
really
are.4．Regular
exercise
combined
with
balanced
diets
(diet)
is
the
healthy
recipe
for
life.5．Many
people
experience
difficulty
in
paying
off
their
debts
(debt).
派生单词
语境运用
1．curious
adj.好奇的→curiosity
n．好奇心→
curiously
adv.好奇地2．weak
adj.虚弱的→weakness
n．缺点；弱点；虚弱
3．strong
adj.强壮的；坚强的→strength
n．强项；长处；力量→
strengthen
vt.加强；巩固4．limit
vt.限制；限定
n．界限；限度→limited
adj.有限的→
limitation
n．范围；限制5．benefit
n．利益；好处vt.&vi.有益于；有助于；受益→
beneficial
adj.有益的6．combine
vt.&vi.(使)联合；(使)结合→
combination
n．联合；结合
用所给词的适当形式填空。1．Children
are
always
curious
about
everything
they
see
and
hear.They
will
ask
all
kinds
of
questions
curiously．To
meet
their
curiosity,
we'd
better
answer
them
patiently.(curiosity)2．It
is
of
great
benefit
to
share
your
feelings
with
someone
you
trust，which
is
also
beneficial
to
your
mental
health.(benefit)3．The
natural
resources
we
possess
are
limited．Therefore，we
have
no
reason
to
waste
them
without
limit．(limit)4．We
can't
always
combine
work
with
pleasure,
and
the
combination
is
hard
to
get.(combine)5．David
has
a
strong
body.He
has
the
strength
to
do
this
hard
work.We
had
better
strengthen
the
relationship
between
us.(strong)
[短语 理解·运用]
高频短语
语境运用
1．lose
weight体重减轻；减肥2．cut
down削减；删节3．put
on
weight增加体重4．ought
to应当；应该5．before
long不久以后
填入一个适当的词。Xiao
Wei
had
been
putting
①on
weight
quickly.
She
was
tired
of
being
laughed
at,
so
she
decided
to
lose
②weight
(weigh)
by
skipping
breakfast.
However,
she
felt
sick
about
herself
two
weeks
later.
She
had
to
consult
her
doctor,
who
said
that
she
ought
③to
put
herself
on
a
diet
in
a
correct
way.
He
also
advised
her
to
keep
a
balanced
diet,
cut
④down
on
snacks
and
take
plenty
of
exercise.
How
Xiao
Wei
wished
that
she
would
become
slim
⑤before
long！
6．tell
a
lie说谎7．get
away
with受到从轻发落；(做坏事)不受惩罚8．win...back赢回；重新获得9．earn
one's
living谋生10．in
debt欠债11．spy
on暗中监视；侦查12．glare
at怒目而视
填入一个适当的词。Coke
is
put
heavily
⑥in
debt
because
of
gambling
(赌博).
He
has
no
other
way
to
earn
his
living,
so
last
month
he
cheated
his
friends
of
a
large
sum
of
money
by
telling
⑦a
lie.
Obviously,
he
meant
to
win
⑧back
the
money
lost
in
the
gamble,
but
without
luck.
He
has
disappeared
now.
The
police
are
searching
for
him
everywhere.
Someone
has
even
been
sent
to
spy
⑨on
his
family
members.
They
won't
have
him
getting
away
⑩with
cheating.
[句式 辨识·运用]
教材原句背诵
句式结构仿写
1．否定词＋比较级，表示最高级含义“Nothing
could
be
better，”
he
thought.
她真的给我留下了深刻的印象，因为我没有听过比这更美妙的声音了。She
really
impressed
me
a
lot
for
I
had
never
heard
a
more
beautiful
voice.
2．have
sb.doing
sth.“不允许某人做某事”(否定句)He
could
not
have
Yong
Hui
getting
away
with
telling
people
lies！
老师不允许我们把手机带到学校来。Our
teachers
won't
have
us
bringing
cell
phones
to
school.
3．neither...nor...“既不……也不……”，在句中连接两个相同的成分“According
to
my
research，neither
your
restaurant
nor
mine
offers
a
balanced
diet，”explained
Wang
Peng.
我们的学校位于美丽的天津市，在秋天它既不太热也不太冷。Our
school
lies
in
Tianjin,
which
is
a
beautiful
city.
In
autumn,
it
is
neither
too
hot
nor
too
cold.
1．balance
vt.平衡；权衡
n．天平；平衡
[高考原句·2019·天津卷]These
actions
have
greatly
affected
the
ecological
balance.
(1)balance
A
against
B权衡/比较A和B
balance
A
with
B使A和B平衡
(2)keep/lose
one's
balance保持/失去平衡
(3)balanced
adj.均衡的
a
good
sense
of
balance良好的平衡感
a
balance
between
work
and
relaxation
劳逸结合
a
balance
of
about
$50，000
in
the
savings
account存款账户里有五万美元左右的余额
balance
the
budget
保持预算平衡
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①You
have
to
balance
the
advantages
of
living
in
a
big
city
against
the
disadvantages.
②People
have
learnt
the
importance
of
keeping
a
balanced(balance)
diet
to
satisfy
their
nutritional
needs.
[链接写作]——完成句子
①你工作太努力了，
你最好将工作和放松保持平衡。
You
are
working
too
hard.You'd
better
keep
a
balance
between
work
and
relaxation.
②男孩追他哥哥时，失去了平衡，重重地摔了一跤。
When
he
was
running
after
his
brother，the
boy
lost
his
balance
and
had
a
bad
fall.
2．strength
n．强项；长处；力量
[高考原句·2019·全国卷Ⅱ]First,
you
need
to
evaluate
yourself,
your
values,
your
strengths,
your
weaknesses,
your
achievements,
your
desires,
etc.
(1)have
the
strength
to
do有做……的力气/意志力
build
up
one's
strength增强体质
(2)strong
adj.坚强的；强壮的
strengthen
vt.加强
a
man
of
great
strength
力气很大的人
gather
one's
strength积蓄力量
physical
strength
体力
strength
of
will意志力
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Summer
makes
me
full
of
energy
and
I
feel
I
have
the
strength
to
do
(do)
the
most
difficult
thing
in
my
life.
②To
make
members
of
a
team
perform
better,
the
trainer
first
of
all
has
to
know
their
strengths(strong)
and
weaknesses.
③You
can
practice
yoga
to
strengthen
the
immune
system
and
make
your
body
stronger
than
it
used
to
be.
(strong)
[链接写作]——完成句子
①加强意志力(willpower)的最好方法就是把做一件事变成一种习惯。
The
best
way
to
strengthen
willpower
is
to
make
it
a
habit
to
do
something.
②练中国功夫不但能增强体质，
还能培养一个人的品性。
Practising
Chinese
Kungfu
can
not
only
build
up
one's
strength,
but
also
develop
one's
character.
3．consult
vt.咨询；请教；商量
[高考原句·2020·全国卷Ⅰ]
In
fact,
anyone
wishing
to
try
race
walking
should
probably
first
consult
a
coach
or
experienced
racer
to
learn
proper
technique,
she
says.
(1)consult
with
sb.与某人商量，与某人商议
consult
sb.about
sth.就某事请教/咨询某人
consult
the
dictionary查字典
(2)consultant
n．[C]顾问；会诊医生
consult
a
doctor/lawyer/professor咨询医生/律师/教授
consult
reference
books查阅参考书
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①He
often
goes
to
my
office
to
consult
me
about
the
method
of
learning
English.
②He
lives
in
a
nice
house,
and
has
a
successful
career
as
an
educational
consultant(consult)．
[链接写作]——完成句子/句式升级
①(普通表达)
After
I
consulted
with
my
teacher
(与老师商量),
I
made
up
my
mind
to
major
in
English
at
university.
②(高级表达)Having
consulted
with
my
teacher,
I
made
up
my
mind
to
major
in
English
at
university.(现在分词短语作状语)
[名师点津] 关于“查词典”的表达法有：consult
a
dictionary,
refer
to
a
dictionary,
look
up
a
word
in
a
dictionary等。
4．limit
vt.限制；限定
n．界限；限度
[高考原句·2019·北京卷]With
her
talent
and
determination,
it
appears
that
the
sky
could
be
the
limit
for
Alice
Moore.
(1)a
limit
to...……的限度
limit...to...把……限定在……范围内
beyond
the
limit超出限制，范围
(2)limited
adj.有限的
a
speed
limit速度限制
within
a
twenty?mile
limit二十英里范围内
a
limited
edition限量版
limit
our
expenditure
限制我们的开支
a
student
of
limited
intelligence
智力平平的学生
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①The
minister
has
promised
to
limit
classes
to
a
maximum
of
50
pupils.
②(2019·江苏卷)Misjudgments
on
the
influences
of
new
technology
can
lead
to
a
waste
of
limited(limit)
resources.
[链接写作]——完成句子
①一个人的生命是有限的，但是为人民服务是无限的。
There
is
a
limit
to
one's
life，but
no
limit
to
serving
the
people.
②他的英语水平很有限，不能理解以英语为母语的人说的话。
His
English
is
so
limited
that
he
can't
understand
what
the
native
speakers
say.
[名师点津] limit
to中的to为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词。
5．benefit
n．利益；好处
vt.&vi.有益于；有助于；受益
[高考原句·2020·全国卷Ⅰ]
Race
walking
shares
many
fitness
benefits
with
running,
research
shows,
while
most
likely
contributing
to
fewer
injuries.
(1)benefit
from/by
从……中获益；得益于
for
the
benefit
of
sb.＝
for
one's
benefit为了某人的利益
(2)beneficial
adj.有益的；有利的
be
beneficial
to
...＝be
of
benefit
to
...对……有益
benefit
a
lot
from
this
activity从这个活动中获益良多
the
benefits
of
modern
medicine现代医学的裨益
a
benefit
concert
慈善音乐会
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2019·北京卷)The
students
benefitting(benefit)
most
from
college
are
those
who
are
totally
engaged
in
academic
life,
taking
full
advantage
of
the
college's
chances
and
resources.
②Today
we
benefit
from
countless
inventions
and
innovations.
③China
has
been
pushing
the
reform
of
public
hospitals
for
the
benefit
of
all
its
citizens.
④(2018·北京卷)Anger
is
rarely
looked
upon
as
a
beneficial
(benefit)character
trait,
and
is
usually
advised
to
reduce
it.
[链接写作]——词汇升级/句式升级
(普通表达)It
has
been
two
weeks
since
you
came
to
our
school
for
the
exchange
program，and
it
is
good
to
all
of
us.
①(高级表达)
It
has
been
two
weeks
since
you
came
to
our
school
for
the
exchange
program，and
it
is
of
benefit
to
all
of
us.
②(高级表达)It
has
been
two
weeks
since
you
came
to
our
school
for
the
exchange
program，which
is
of
benefit
to
all
of
us．(非限制性定语从句)
6．get
away
with受到从轻发落；(做坏事)不受惩罚
get
across(使)被理解，(把……)讲清楚
get
away
from脱离，摆脱
get
down
to开始认真地做某事
get
over爬过……；克服(困难)；从……中恢复过来
get
through完成；花光(时间、钱等)；通过；接通电话
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①We've
just
moved
into
a
bigger
house
and
there's
a
lot
to
do.Let's
get
down
to
it.
②I
rang
him
several
times
this
morning
but
could
not
get
through．
③It
took
a
long
time
to
get
across
to
the
workers
how
the
machine
worked.
[链接写作]——完成句子
①这个男孩太淘气了。你不应该让他打破窗户而不受惩罚。
The
boy
is
too
naughty.You
shouldn't
have
him
getting
away
with
breaking
the
window．
②如果我们克服了目前的困难，
那么一切都应该会好起来。
If
we
can
get
over
our
present
difficulties,
then
everything
should
be
all
right.
7．cut
down削减；删节，砍倒，减少；裁剪
cut
in
插嘴，打断
cut
off切断，阻断，隔绝
cut
up切碎
[基础练习]——写出下列句中cut
down的含义
①My
uncle
hasn't
been
able
to
quit
smoking,
but
at
least
he
has
cut
down.减少
②With
more
and
more
forests
cut
down,
some
animals
are
in
danger
of
dying
out.砍倒
③The
community
college
has
to
cut
down
on
staff
to
save
money.裁减
[链接写作]——完成句子
①当孩子们住得离他们很远时，这些老年人就感觉是与世隔绝了。
When
their
children
lived
far
away
from
them，these
old
people
felt
cut
off
from
the
world．
②我当时正跟玛格丽特说话，杰克森打断了我们。
I
was
just
talking
to
Margaret
when
Jackson
cut
in.
8．[教材佳句P10]“Nothing
could
be
better，”he
thought.他想：“再没有比这些更好吃的了。”
[句法句式]句中否定词nothing与比较级better连用，表示最高级的含义。
(1)完成时＋never＋
(2)比较级＋than＋
(3)never/not＋enough/too
...“再……也不过分；越……越……”
[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错
①No
one
could
perform
better
(well)
than
the
athlete
who
achieved
great
success
in
the
Olympic
Games.
②—Must
I
turn
off
the
gas
after
cooking?
—Of
course.You
can
never
be
too
careful
with
that.
③How
beautifully
she
sings!
I
have
never
heard
so
a
better
voice
before.so→such
[链接写作]——句式升级
就我个人而言，
身体健康最重要。
(普通表达)In
my
view,
health
is
the
most
important
thing.
(高级表达)From
my
point
of
view,
nothing
is
more
important
than
health.
(否定词＋比较级)
9．[教材佳句P10]He
could
not
have
Yong
Hui
getting
away
with
telling
people
lies！他可不能让雍慧哄骗人们后跑掉。
[句法句式]句中could
not
have
sb.doing
sth.意为“不允许某人做某事”，have
sb.doing用于否定句时，have表示“容忍”之意。
(1)have
sth.done让(别人)
做某事
have
sb.do
sth.让某人做某事
have
sb./sth.doing让某人一直在做某事/让某事一直发生
(2)have
sth.to
do有某事要做(不定式作定语)
[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错
①(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)These
include
plants
that
have
sensors
printed(print)
onto
their
leaves
to
show
when
they're
short
of
water
and
a
plant
that
can
detect
harmful
chemicals
in
groundwater.
②I
won't
have
you
making
(make)the
same
mistake
again
and
again.
③When
his
mother
had
him
do
his
homework,
he
decided
to
have
his
light
burning(burn)
all
night
to
pretend
he
was
working
hard.
④I
was
watching
the
clock
all
through
the
meeting,
as
I
had
a
train
to
catch(catch)．
⑤I
am
going
to
see
my
son
next
week.Do
you
have
anything
to
be
taken(take)
to
your
son?
⑥(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)The
researchers
had
100
volunteers
to
type
the
word
“touch”
four
times
using
the
smart
keyboard.去掉to
[链接写作]——句式升级
(普通表达)We
can
strengthen
our
teamwork
by
training
for
the
basketball
game.
(高级表达)
We
can
have
our
teamwork
strengthened
by
training
for
the
basketball
game.(have＋宾语＋宾补)
夯基固本——基础强化
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．The
publication
of
Great
Expectations,
which
was
both
widely
reviewed
and
highly
praised,
strengthened(strengthen)Dickens'
status
as
a
leading
novelist.
2．I
intended
to
take
up
a
part?time
job,
through
which
I
could
have
my
horizons
broadened(broaden)．
3．Nowadays
more
and
more
people
have
come
to
realize
the
importance
of
a
balanced
(balance)
diet
to
their
health.
4．Having
realized
that
your
time
is
limited
(limit),
you
will
have
to
study
for
your
goals
with
greater
efforts.
5．—How
was
your
interview
for
going
abroad
to
study?
—Oh，I
couldn't
feel
any
worse(bad)．I
hardly
understood
most
of
the
questions
they
asked.
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．If
you
don't
want
to
put
on
weight,
you
should
cut
down
on
the
amount
of
food
rich
in
sugar
and
fat.
2．In
a
word,
books
are
the
source
of
knowledge,
from
which
we
benefit
a
lot.
3．We
could
not
have
him
getting
away
with
a
small
fine,
for
he
had
made
such
a
serious
offence.
4．She
tries
to
balance
home
life
with
career.
5．Cycling
is
of
great
benefit
to
health
and
the
environment.
Ⅲ.在下列句子中找出一处错误并改正。
1．In
no
case
should
you
let
the
two
students
get
away
with
cheat
in
the
exam！
cheat→cheating
2．If
you
don't
feel
well,
remember
to
consult
about
your
doctor
before
taking
any
medicine.
去掉about
3．As
we
know,
Tokyo
is
larger
than
any
other
cities
in
Japan.
cities→city
4．We
won't
have
people
smoke
in
the
office
but
you
are
permitted
to
smoke
outside.
第一个smoke→smoking
5．The
book
benefits
John,
and
John
benefits
in
the
book.
in→from/by
查缺补漏——知识拾遗
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．Neither
he
nor
I
am
(be)
satisfied
with
the
result
of
the
experiment.We
both
look
unhappy.
2．Different
people
have
different
personalities
and
each
kind
of
personality
has
its
own
advantages
and
weaknesses(weak)．
3．Mr.White
thinks
that
one
of
the
teacher's
tasks
is
to
arouse
the
students'
curiosity
(curious)．
4．When
I
glanced
out
of
the
window,
I
saw
them
gathering(gather)
around
the
building.
5．The
two
young
men
just
stood
there,
glaring(glare)
at
each
other
without
saying
anything.
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．Learn
to
combine
your
knowledge
with
experience,
and
you
are
sure
to
succeed.
2．She
is
a
person
who
doesn't
like
to
be
in
debt.
3．If
we
failed
to
learn
a
lesson
from
our
mistakes,
we
would
neither
improve
our
skills
nor
achieve
our
goals.
4．Later
I
won
back
his
trust
by
offering
a
hand
when
he
was
in
trouble.
5．To
become
slimmer
and
more
energetic,
I
am
on
a
diet.
强技提能——语言应用
Ⅰ.语法填空
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
Last
Sunday,
my
cousin's
wedding
ceremony
was
held
in
a
big
restaurant
1．where
everyone
present
enjoyed
a
super
feast.
Before
the
ceremony,
every
table
2．was
covered
(cover)
with
plates
full
of
nuts,
candies,
sunflower
seeds,
fried
beans,
and
fruits
such
as
apples,
peaches,
grapes
and
so
on.
3．Immediately
(immediate)
after
the
ceremony,
the
multi?course
feast
began.
The
main
courses
were
roast
mutton,
fish,
bacon
4．fried
(fry)
with
peppers,
barbecue
and
so
on.
To
my
5．curiosity
(curious),
there
were
few
vegetables
except
cucumbers.
I
was
trying
6．to
lose
(lose)
weight
and
was
on
a
diet
recently,
so
I
only
7．tasted(taste)
some
peas,
carrots
and
cucumbers
with
vinegar.
In
my
opinion,
the
wedding
feast
was
8．wonderful
(wonder),
but
it
ought
to
keep
a
balance
between
meat
and
vegetables
9．for
the
benefit
of
every
guest.
Anyway,
I
am
grateful
to
my
cousin
and
wish
him
10．a
happy
life.
Ⅱ.书面表达
Step
1．要点提示(黑体字部分要使用本单元所学词汇)
①我们都知道，没有什么比健康更珍贵。
As
we
all
know,
nothing
is
more
precious
than
health．
②在我们的日常生活中，保持学习和娱乐相平衡很重要。
In
our
daily
life,
it
is
very
important
to
keep
a
balance
between
study
and
entertainment．
③均衡的饮食和有规律的锻炼可以帮助我们保持健康。
A
balanced
diet
and
regular
exercise
can
help
us
stay
healthy.
④很多人经常熬夜看电视或玩电脑游戏。
A
great
many
people
often
stay
up
watching
TV
or
playing
computer
games.
⑤为了保持健康，我们应该减少上网的时间。
In
order
to
keep
fit,
we
should
cut
down
the
time
spent
in
surfing
the
Internet.
⑥要求(上网)时间应该限定在一天三个小时。
It's
required
that
the
time
(should)
be
limited
to
three
hours
a
day.
⑦我们应该多做运动。这将有利于我们身心健康。
We
should
do
more
exercise.
This
will
benefit
us
both
physically
and
mentally.
Step
2．表达升级(改变所给句子的结构以使表达升级)
⑧用“of＋n.”
升级句②
In
our
daily
life,
it
is
of
great
importance
to
keep
a
balance
between
study
and
entertainment.
⑨用非限制性定语从句升级句⑦
We
should
do
more
exercise,
which
will
benefit
us
both
physically
and
mentally.
Step
3．衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)
As
we
all
know,
nothing
is
more
precious
than
health.
In
our
daily
life,
it
is
of
great
importance
to
keep
a
balance
between
study
and
entertainment.
Meanwhile,
a
balanced
diet
and
regular
exercise
can
help
us
stay
healthy.
However,
a
great
many
people
often
stay
up
watching
TV
or
playing
computer
games.
In
order
to
keep
fit,
we
should
cut
down
the
time
spent
in
surfing
the
Internet.
It's
required
that
the
time
(should)
be
limited
to
three
hours
a
day.
In
addition,
we
should
do
more
exercise,
which
will
benefit
us
both
physically
and
mentally.
PAGEUnit
3
The
Million
Pound
Bank
Note
□birthplace
n.□novel
n．&adj.□boyhood
n.□phrase
n.□author
n.□narrator
n.□bet
n．&vi.&vt.
□penniless
adj.□pavement
n.□businessman
n.□ahead
adv.□bay
n.□nightfall
n.□passage
n．
□unpaid
adj.□embassy
n.□charity
n.□steak
n.□pineapple
n.□dessert
n.□scream
vi.&n.
□genuine
adj.□issue
vt.&vi.□fake
n．&adj.□rag
n.□bow
vi.&n.□barber
n．
1．(2020·浙江卷)One
morning
I
spotted
a
lost
lamb
when
I
was
in
the
top
field，near
where
a
motorway
cuts
through
my
land.
看见
2．(2019·北京卷)I'm
writing
to
give
you
a
full
account
of
my
unforgettable
experience
in
a
farmwork
programme.
描述
3．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)From
that
point
Shackleton
wanted
to
force
a
passage
by
dogs
sled
across
the
continent.
通道
[单词 拼写·运用]
核心单词
语境运用
1．wander
vi.漫游；漫步；漂泊2．envelope
n．信封3．scene
n．(戏剧)一场；现场；场面；景色4．spot
vt.发现；认出n．斑点；污点；地点5．account
vi.&vt.认为；说明；总计有n．说明；理由；计算；账目6．seek
vt.&vi.寻找；探索；寻求7．contrary
n．反面；对立面adj.相反的；相违的8．manner
n．礼貌；举止；方式9．indeed
adv.真正地；确实；实在10．stare
vi.凝视；盯着看11．fault
n．过错；缺点；故障12．amount
n．数量
用所给词的适当形式填空。1．At
that
moment,
they
saw
a
young
man
wandering
(wander)
on
the
pavement
outside
their
house.2．It
is
good
manners
(manner)
for
an
Arab
to
stand
close
to
his
friends
when
they
are
talking.3．They
were
trying
to
seek
(seek)
a
place
to
shelter
from
the
rain，but
they
failed.4．It
was
the
heavy
rain
that
accounted
(account)
for
the
absence
of
so
many
students.5．On
the
way，we
spotted
(spot)
a
man
holding
a
piece
of
paper
that
said，“Lost
my
job.Family
to
feed.”6．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Today
$8
or
$10
seems
a
small
amount
of
money,
but
at
that
time
these
amounts
(amount)
were
forbidding
to
most
citizens.
派生单词
语境运用
1．adventure
n．奇遇；
冒险→
adventurous
adj.冒险的2．permit
vt.&vi.许可；
允许；
准许n.通行证；
许可证；
执照→
permission
n．许可3．patient
adj.能忍耐的；
有耐心的
n．病人，患者→
patience
n．耐性；
忍耐→
patiently
adv.耐心地；有毅力地4．believe
v．相信→belief
n．信任；信心；信仰→
believable
adj.可信的→unbelievable
adj.难以置信的5．rude
adj.粗鲁的；
无礼的→rudely
adv.粗鲁地→rudeness
n．粗鲁
用所给词的适当形式填空。1．I
will
come
if
time
permits,
but
I
should
ask
for
my
headmaster's
permission
first.(permit)
2．Although
the
patient
was
out
of
patience,
the
nurse
was
still
patient
with
her
work
and
did
it
patiently．(patience)3．It
was
rude
of
you
to
injure
his
pride
last
night,
so
you
owe
him
an
apology
for
your
rudeness．(rude)4．Believe
it
or
not,
I
hold
the
firm
belief
that
he
is
an
honest
and
reliable
man.
It
was
unbelievable
that
such
an
honest
fellow
should
have
betrayed
his
friends.(believe)
[短语 理解·运用]
高频短语
语境运用
1．bring
up抚养；培养；教育；提出2．account
for是……的原因；解释3．a
large
amount
of许多；大量4．take
a
chance冒险5．in
rags衣衫褴褛6．make
a
bet打赌7．on
the
scene在现场
填入一个适当的词。Mark
Twain
was
brought
①up
in
Missouri
in
the
middle
part
of
the
United
States.When
he
grew
up，he
took
②a
chance
to
work
as
a
pilot
on
a
river
boat.Later，he
decided
to
become
a
writer，which
helped
him
make
③a
large
amount
of
money.Many
of
Mark
Twain's
novels
have
been
translated
into
other
languages，which
accounts
④for
the
reason
why
he
and
his
works
are
deeply
loved
by
readers
throughout
the
world.
8．go
ahead前进；(用于祈使句)可以；往下说9．as
for关于；至于10．from
the
bottom
of
one's
heart发自内心11．find
fault
with
吹毛求疵；找毛病12．stare
at盯着看；凝视13．on
the
contrary与此相反；正相反14．by
accident偶然；无意中；不小心
填入一个适当的词。I
got
so
fed
up
with
waiting
for
him
to
do
it
that
I
just
went
⑤ahead
and
did
it
myself.⑥As
for
me，it
was
how
to
do
it
in
a
short
time
that
was
of
great
importance.To
tell
the
truth，I
didn't
like
him
⑦from
the
bottom
of
my
heart
as
he
liked
finding
fault
⑧with
people
who
talked
with
him
on
the
spot.
[句式 辨识·运用]
教材原句背诵
句式结构仿写
1．find＋宾语＋宾语补足语Well，towards
nightfall
I
found
myself
carried
out
to
sea
by
a
strong
wind.
当我到达美国后，我发现自己生活在一个完全陌生的文化中。After
I
arrived
in
America,
I
found
myself
living
in
a
completely
foreign
culture.
2．had
just
done...when...刚做完……，这时……The
next
morning
I'd
just
about
given
myself
up
for
lost
when
I
was
spotted
by
a
ship.
她刚穿戴完毕，客人们就来了。She
had
just
finished
dressing
when
her
guests
arrived.
3．主语从句：
It
is...that...Well，it
is
well?known
that
Americans
like
to
eat
a
lot.
众所周知，中国是一个发展中国家。It
is
well?known
that
China
is
a
developing
country.
4．whenever引导让步状语从句Indeed,
sir,
I
hope
you'll
come
here
whenever
you
like.
无论什么时候我犯错误，老师都耐心地指出。Whenever
I
made
mistakes,
the
teacher
pointed
them
out
with
patience.
1．permit
vt.&vi.许可；允许；准许
n．通行证；许可证；执照
[高考原句·天津卷]Mobile
phone
conversations
are
not
permitted
anywhere
in
the
library.
(1)permit＋n./pron./doing允许……
permit
sb.to
do
sth.允许某人做某事
(2)permission
n．[U]许可，允许
ask
for
permission请求许可
with/without
one's
permission得到某人的允许/未经某人的许可
a
parking
permit
停车许可证
apply
for
a
permit
申请许可证
weather
permitting
天气允许的话
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①You
can
read
the
daily
newspapers,
magazines
and
other
books
here,
but
you
are
not
permitted
to
take(take)
them
out.
②The
visitors
are
reminded
that
we
don't
permit
smoking(smoke)
in
the
museum.
③(2018·江苏卷)It's
strange
that
he
should
have
taken
the
books
without
the
owner's
permission(permit)．
[链接写作]——完成句子/句式升级
(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)如果时间允许的话，我会参加今年的音乐节。
①(普通表达)If
time
permits,
I
will
attend
this
year's
music
festival.(条件状语从句)
②(高级表达)Time
permitting,
I
will
attend
this
year's
music
festival.(独立主格结构)
[名师点津] permit
既可以用于permit
doing
sth.，也可用于permit
sb.to
do
sth.。有相同用法的动词还有：advise，allow，forbid等。
2．spot
vt.发现；认出
n．斑点；污点；地点
[高考原句·2020·全国卷Ⅱ]
There,
among
many
other
things,
Nicolo
spotted
two
paintings
he
thought
would
look
nice
above
his
dining
room
table.
(1)spot
sb./sth.发现某人/某物
spot
...doing
sth.发现……正在做某事
be
spotted
with散布；点缀
(2)on
the
spot/scene当场，立即；在现场
a
historic
spot名胜古迹
a
tourist
spot旅游景点
on
the
crime
spot在犯罪现场
be
covered
with
spots
of
mud
满是泥点
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2019·天津卷)She
said
she
spotted(spot)
my
wallet
on
a
bus
seat.
②I
was
waiting
for
my
friend
when
I
suddenly
spotted
a
man
not
far
from
me
staring(stare)
at
me.
③In
addition,
there
are
famous
artists
who
will
show
on
the
spot
how
to
cut
paper.
[链接写作]——句式升级
(普通表达)The
police
arrived
at
the
spot
and
there
they
found
the
evidence.
(高级表达)The
police
arrived
at
the
spot
where
they
found
the
evidence．(定语从句)
3．account
vi.&vt.认为；说明；总计有
n．说明；理由；计算；账目
[高考原句·2018·全国卷Ⅱ]According
to
the
World
Bank,
China
accounts
for
about
30
percent
of
total
global
fertilizer
consumption.
(1)take
account
of.../take...into
account
把……考虑在内
on
account
of
因为，由于
on
no
account
决不
give
an
account
of报告；叙述；说明
(2)account
for
解释；说明；
(数量，比例上)占
open
an
account
开户
create
an
e?mail
account创建电子邮件账户
give
us
a
long
account
of
her
trip
to
Europe向我们详细讲述她的欧洲之行
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Lighting
accounts
for
about
7%
of
the
total
electricity
consumed
in
the
US.
②The
newspaper
gave
an
accurate
account
of
what
happened
the
night
before
last.
③He
had
to
leave
his
beloved
basketball
team
on
account
of
his
injured
legs.
④(2019·天津卷)The
professor
warned
the
students
that
on
no
account
should
they
use
mobile
phones
in
his
class.
[链接写作]——词汇升级
(普通表达)I
sincerely
hope
that
you
will
consider
my
suggestions.
I'm
looking
forward
to
hearing
from
you
soon.
(高级表达)I
sincerely
hope
that
you
will
take
my
suggestions
into
account/consideration．I'm
looking
forward
to
hearing
from
you
soon.
[名师点津] on
no
account意为“决不”，放在句首时常引起句子的部分倒装，有类似用法的还有：by
no
means,
in
no
way,
on
no
condition,
under
no
circumstances,
in
no
case,
at
no
time等。
4．bring
up抚养；培养；教育；提出
bring
about引起，导致
bring
back归还；带回；
(事物)
使记起；恢复
bring
down使倒下；降低
bring
in吸引；引进；赚得
[基础练习]——写出下列句中bring
up的含义
①He
brought
up
a
practical
plan
at
the
meeting,
which
might
lower
the
cost
of
production.提出
②Born
into
a
family
with
three
brothers，David
was
brought
up
to
value
the
sense
of
sharing.教育
③The
Smiths
are
praised
for
the
way
they
bring
up
their
children.养育
[链接写作]——完成句子
①有人担心空气污染会造成全世界气候变化。
Some
people
fear
that
air
pollution
may
bring
about
changes
in
the
weather
around
the
world.
②政府已经采取措施，以降低日常商品的高昂价格来保持市场稳定。
The
government
has
taken
measures
to
bring
down
the
high
prices
of
daily
goods
to
keep
the
market
stable.
5．take
a
chance冒险
[高考原句·2019·天津卷]She
calculated
that
going
to
a
stranger's
house
was
a
risky
move,
but
she
decided
to
take
the
chance.
(1)have
a
chance
of
doing/to
do
sth.
有机会做某事
(The)
chances
are
(that)...有可能……
There
is
a
chance
of
(doing)
sth./that...可能……
(2)by
chance/accident偶然；碰巧
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2019·江苏卷)We
have
entered
into
an
age
when
dreams
have
the
best
chance
of
coming
true.
②
(2019·北京卷)
You
may
have
chances
to
meet
(meet)new
people
who'll
become
your
lifelong
friends.
③If
you
are
a
student
studying
the
arts,
chances
(chance)are
you
have
been
ill?advised
to
have
a
plan
B.
④An
artist
who
was
recently
travelling
on
a
ferry
to
the
southern
island
discovered
by
chance
a
long?lost
antique
Greek
vase.
[链接写作]——一句多译
由于这次洪灾我们很可能无法按时完成任务。
①There
is
a
chance
that
we
cannot
finish
the
task
on
time
because
of
the
flood.
②The
chances
are
that
we
cannot
finish
the
task
on
time
because
of
the
flood.
6．[教材佳句P18]Well，towards
nightfall
I
found
myself
carried
out
to
sea
by
a
strong
wind.嗯，傍晚时分我发现自己被一阵大风刮到海上去了。
[句法句式]句中find
oneself...表示“(在事先毫无知觉的情况下)突然发现自己处于某种状态”。宾语补足语常由介词短语、现在分词、过去分词、形容词或副词充当；一般不用不定式，但可用to
be。
(1)find＋宾语＋
(2)find＋it＋形容词/名词＋to
do发现/认为做某事……
[金句推送] (2019·天津卷)I
often
found
myself
telling
my
mom
to
drive
more
slowly,
so
that
I
could
read
all
of
the
road
signs
we
passed.
我经常发现自己不断告诉我的妈妈开得慢一点，这样我就能看清我们经过的所有路标。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2020·江苏卷)
We
have
looked
at
our
planet
from
every
angle
and
found
all
of
the
wildest
things
left(leave)
to
find.
②A
cook
will
be
immediately
fired
if
he
is
found
smoking(smoke)
in
the
kitchen.
③After
wandering
in
the
forest,
we
found
ourselves
lost
(lose)
in
a
strange
path.
④(2019·北京卷)While
working
in
the
farmyard,
I
found
it
very
hard
to
work
(work)
in
the
fields
under
a
hot
sun.
[链接写作]——句式升级
(普通表达)He
found
that
his
daughter
was
surrounded
by
letters
and
papers
and
she
looked
very
worried.
(高级表达)He
found
his
daughter
surrounded
by
letters
and
papers
and
looking
very
worried.(find＋宾语＋宾补)
7．[教材佳句P18]The
next
morning
I'd
just
about
given
myself
up
for
lost
when
I
was
spotted
by
a
ship.第二天早上，我正感到绝望的时候，一艘船发现了我。
[句法句式]句中had
just
done...when...为固定句式，意为“刚做完某事，这时……”。句中的when是并列连词，意为“就在那时”。相当于and
then或and
at
the
same
time。
when作并列连词时常用于以下句型中：
(1)be
doing...when...正在做……这时……
(2)be
about
to
do...when...＝
be
on
the
point
of
doing...
when...正要做……这时……
(3)had
hardly
done...when...刚做了……这时……
[金句推送] He
had
just
finished
his
homework
when
his
mother
asked
him
to
practise
playing
the
piano.
他刚做完作业这时母亲要求他练习弹钢琴。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①I
was
driving(drive)down
to
London
when
I
suddenly
found
that
I
went
the
wrong
way.
②He
had
just
walked
for
about
a
mile
when
a
volunteer
searcher
found
him.
[链接写作]——一句多译
我正要放弃的时候，老师的表扬给了我回答问题的勇气。
①I
was
about
to
give
up
when
the
teacher's
praise
gave
me
the
courage
to
answer
the
question.
②I
was
on
the
point
of
giving
up
when
the
teacher's
praise
gave
me
the
courage
to
answer
the
question.
[名师点津] when作从属连词可引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”；还可引导让步状语从句，意为“既然；考虑到”。
夯基固本——基础强化
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．I
was
the
first
Western
TV
reporter
permitted
to
film(film)
a
special
unit
caring
for
pandas
rescued
from
starvation
in
the
wild.
2．I
ran
downstairs,
spotted(spot)
a
red
wallet
on
the
ground,
and
headed
towards
it.
3．I
was
wandering
(wander)
along
the
pavement
yesterday
when
a
stranger
came
up
and
asked
me
how
to
go
to
the
police
station.
4．When
he
woke
up，he
suddenly
found
himself
surrounded
(surround)
by
a
group
of
teenagers.
5．Being
brought(bring)
up
in
a
poor
family
made
Tom
very
diligent
when
he
was
still
young.
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．The
two
girls
are
so
alike
that
strangers
find
it
difficult
to
tell
one
from
the
other.
2．—I
wonder
why
he
has
been
acting
so
strangely
these
days.
—Recent
pressure
at
work
may
account
for
his
behaviour.
3．I
had
hardly
got
to
the
office
when
my
wife
phoned
me
to
go
back
home
at
once.
4．By
chance,
he
found
the
place
where
his
brother
had
hidden
the
treasure.
5．Nowadays,
cars
bring
about
so
many
problems,
which
should
be
taken
seriously
by
the
government.
Ⅲ.在下列句子中找出一处错误并改正。
1．Finding
the
course
very
difficulty,
she
decided
to
move
to
a
lower
level.
difficulty→difficult
2．While
this
book
tells
the
stories
of
famous
people
in
history,
it
also
gives
account
of
the
lives
of
lesser?known
individuals.
在account前加an
3．One
of
the
station
staff
members
spot
that
I
was
in
trouble
and
came
to
help.
spot→spotted
4．(2018·北京卷改编)When
the
car's
owner
and
his
colleague
returned
to
the
car,
they
were
shocked
to
find
two
policemen
stand
next
to
it.
stand→standing
5．My
father
had
just
got
to
my
grandparents'
house
while
he
received
a
call
from
his
boss.
while→when
查缺补漏——知识拾遗
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．She
went
about
telling
me
the
great
difficulty
that
my
mum
had
bringing(bring)
me
up.
2．I
don't
understand
it
thoroughly
though
I
sought
(seek)
advice
from
my
teacher
yesterday.
3．It
is
very
important
to
teach
the
children
how
to
deal
with
others'
kindness
and
rudeness
(rude)．
4．As
a
punishment，she
was
not
permitted
to
attend(attend)
any
school
activities.
5．She
gave
me
a
comforting
smile，nodded
while
listening
patiently(patient),
and
then
printed
out
the
ticket
immediately.
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．You
were
not
boring
us.On
the
contrary,
your
wonderful
speech
interested
us
a
lot.
2．He
searched
the
library
yesterday
for
whatever
he
could
find
about
Mark
Twain.
3．He
is
a
man
who
is
always
finding
fault
with
other
people.
4．Whenever
we
meet
with
difficulties,
they
come
to
help
us.
5．According
to
the
report,
staring
at
the
cell
phone
for
long
periods
of
time
will
damage
our
eyesight
gradually.
强技提能——语言应用
Ⅰ.语法填空
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
I
am
reading
a
novel
full
of
adventure
stories.
The
author
of
the
book
1．describes(describe)
many
thrilling
scenes
2．where
the
leading
character,
a
businessman,
struggles
in
the
sea
after
his
ship
has
3．an
accident.
He
is
4．lucky
(luck)
enough
to
be
washed
onto
an
island
and
5．spotted
(spot)by
some
local
people.
When
he
wakes
up,
he
finds
himself
6．lying
(lie)
on
the
ground
and
ahead
of
him
are
some
strangers
staring
7．at
him.
He
is
wondering
what
to
do
when
someone
brings
some
steak
and
dessert
for
him
to
eat.
He
is
indeed
very
hungry
but
he
never
forgets
his
8．manners
(manner).
He
stands
up
and
thanks
the
people
around
him
and
then
has
a
quick
meal.
9．Later(late)
he
meets
with
large
amounts
of
difficulty
in
this
new
world
before
he
10．is
taken
(take)
back
to
his
birthplace.
Ⅱ.书面表达
Step
1．要点提示(黑体字部分要使用本单元所学词汇)
①马克·吐温是十九世纪美国最著名的作家之一。
Mark
Twain
was
one
of
the
best
known
American
writers
in
the
nineteenth
century.
②马克·吐温在密西西比河沿岸的密苏里州被养大，并且他在那里度过了童年。
Mark
Twain
was
brought
up
in
Missouri
along
the
Mississippi
River
and
he
spent
his
childhood
there.
③他尝试着在船上当水手。
He
took
a
chance
to
work
as
a
sailor
on
a
river
boat.
④起初他的家人不允许他当水手。
His
family
didn't
permit
him
to
be
a
sailor
at
first.
⑤他发现自己对写作感兴趣，然后他决定当一名作家。
He
found
himself
interested
in
writing,
and
he
decided
to
become
a
writer.
⑥他的作品中有种讽刺的幽默，这就解释了他的作品深受世界各地读者喜爱的原因。
There
is
a
wry
sense
of
humor
in
his
works,
which
accounts
for
the
reason
why
his
works
are
deeply
loved
by
readers
throughout
the
world.
Step
2．表达升级(改变所给句子的结构以使表达升级)
⑦用同位语和定语从句连接句①、②
Mark
Twain,
one
of
the
best
known
American
writers
in
the
nineteenth
century,
was
brought
up
in
Missouri
along
the
Mississippi
River
where
he
spent
his
childhood.
⑧用定语从句连接句③、④
He
took
a
chance
to
work
as
a
sailor
on
a
river
boat,
which
was
not
permitted
by
his
family
at
first.
Step
3．衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)
Mark
Twain,
one
of
the
best
known
American
writers
in
the
nineteenth
century,
was
brought
up
in
Missouri
along
the
Mississippi
River,
where
he
spent
his
childhood.
Later,
he
took
a
chance
to
work
as
a
sailor
on
a
river
boat,
which
was
not
permitted
by
his
family
at
first.
At
that
time,
he
found
himself
interested
in
writing,
and
he
decided
to
become
a
writer.There
is
a
wry
sense
of
humor
in
his
works,
which
accounts
for
the
reason
why
his
works
are
deeply
loved
by
readers
throughout
the
world.
PAGEUnit
4
Astronomy：the
science
of
the
stars
□astronomy
n.□solar
adj.□atom
n.□billion
pron&n.&adj.□globe
n.□carbon
n.□fundamental
adj.
□presence
n.□dissolve
vt.&vi.□acid
n.□chain
n.□multiply
vi.&vt.□oxygen
n.□mammal
n．
□dioxide
n.□biology
n.□biologist
n.□gravity
n.□satellite
n.□physicist
n．
□extinct
adj.□spaceship
n.□lessen
vi.&vt.□weightlessly
adv.□cabin
n.□comet
n．
1．(2020·天津卷)Making
a
full?length
clay(黏土)
figure
would
not
exhaust
my
strength—and
that
is
what
I
intend
to
do!
用尽；用完
2．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)
“We
floated
the
idea
to
my
mum
of
sharing
a
house，”
says
Kathryn
Whitehead.
提出(想法)
3．(2019·北京卷)Phytoplankton
live
at
the
ocean
surface,
where
they
pull
carbon
dioxide(二氧化碳)
into
the
ocean
while
giving
off
oxygen.
排入
4．(2017·浙江卷)Mac
heard
a
large
vehicle
behind
him.
He
pulled
in
front
of
it
as
the
wolf
was
catching
up
fast,
just
a
dozen
yards
away
now.
停车
[单词 拼写·运用]
核心单词
语境运用
1．atmosphere
n．大气层；
气氛2．
exhaust
vt.用尽；耗尽；使精疲力尽3．thus
adv.因此；于是4．gentle
adj.温和的；文雅的5．climate
n．气候6．crash
vi.&vt.碰撞；坠落7．pull
n．&vt.拉(力)；拖；牵引力8．float
vi.&vt.(使)浮动；(使)漂浮n．漂浮物9．system
n．系统；体系；制度10．theory
n．学说；理论
用所给词的适当形式填空。1．A
truck
went
out
of
control
and
crashed
(crash)
into
the
back
of
a
bus.2．He
found
something
floating
(float)
on
the
lake,
which
frightened
him.3．After
his
journey
from
abroad，Richard
Jones
returned
home，exhausted
(exhaust)．4．The
old
scientist
told
his
students
that
scientific
theories
(theory)
must
be
based
on
facts.5．My
uncle's
car
caught
fire
suddenly.Fortunately,
he
was
pulled
(pull)
out
of
the
car
by
a
passer?by.
派生单词
语境运用
1．violent
adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的→violence
n．暴力→violently
adv.暴力地；猛烈地2．like
vt.喜欢
prep.像→unlike
prep.与……不同；不像→
dislike
vt.不喜欢；讨厌3．harm
n．&vt.伤害→harmful
adj.有害的→
harmless
adj.无害的4．exist
vi.存在；生存→existence
n．存在；生存5．puzzle
n．谜；难题
vt.&vi.(使)迷惑；(使)为难→puzzled
adj.感到困惑的→puzzling
adj.令人困惑的6．religion
n．宗教；宗教信仰→religious
adj.宗教上的；信奉宗教的；虔诚的7．
react
v．反应→
reaction
n．反应；回应
用所给词的适当形式填空。1．There
was
a
puzzled
look
on
the
little
girl's
face
because
a
puzzling
problem
puzzled
her.(puzzle)
2．In
the
face
of
violence,
people
can
act
violently
if
they
feel
threatened.(violence)3．Playing
computer
games
does
harm
to
your
physical
health,
and
it
is
also
harmful
to
your
mental
health.So
there
is
no
harm
in
advising
you
to
give
it
up.(harm)4．He
doesn't
believe
in
any
religion
but
meanwhile
he
respects
others'
religious
freedom.(religion)5．Do
you
believe
in
the
existence
of
ghosts?
Perhaps
they
only
exist
in
the
minds
of
some
people.(exist)
[短语 理解·运用]
高频短语
语境运用
1．in
time及时；终于2．prevent...from阻止；制止3．cheer
up感到高兴；感到振奋4．give
birth
to产生；分娩5．in
one's
turn
轮到某人6．watch
out
for密切注意；当心；提防7．break
out突发；爆发8．block
out挡住(光线)9．get
the
hang
of熟悉；掌握；理解
填入一个适当的词。A
conflict
broke
①out
when
the
villagers
tried
to
prevent
the
factory
workers
②from
sending
waste
water
into
their
fields.
The
villagers
had
been
watching
out
③for
the
waste
water
for
several
weeks.
It
was,
they
concluded,
very
harmful
to
their
crops,
thus
giving
birth
④to
a
fierce
quarrel.
Officials
came
just
⑤in
time
to
stop
the
situation
getting
worse.
They
managed
to
block
⑥out
the
anger
of
the
villagers,
promising
to
punish
the
factory
for
what
they
had
done.
On
hearing
this,
the
villagers
cheered
⑦up
and
the
conflict
ended
finally.
[句式 辨识·运用]
教材原句背诵
句式结构仿写
1．make＋
it＋
adj.＋to
do
This
produced
a
chain
reaction，which
made
it
possible
for
life
to
develop.
科技的发展会让我们有可能知道宇宙是如何形成的。The
development
of
science
and
technology
will
make
it
possible
to
know
how
the
universe
came
into
existence.
2．倍数表达法But
when
I
tried
to
step
forward，I
found
I
was
carried
twice
as
far
as
on
the
earth
and
fell
over.
我付出的时间和精力是以前的三倍多，所以我相信我这次能成功。I
have
devoted
three
times
as
much
time
and
energy
as
I
did
before，so
I
believe
I
will
succeed
this
time.
3．now
that引导原因状语从句...walking
does
need
a
bit
of
practice
now
that
gravity
has
changed.
(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)既然你对我校这么感兴趣，为什么不来看看呢？Now
that
you
are
so
interested
in
our
school,
why
not
come
here
and
have
a
look？
1．harmful
adj.有害的
[高考原句·2020·全国卷Ⅰ]These
include
plants
that
have
sensors
printed
onto
their
leaves
to
show
when
they're
short
of
water
and
a
plant
that
can
detect
harmful
chemicals
in
groundwater.
(1)be
harmful
to对……有害
harmless
adj.无害的
(2)harm
n．&v.伤害
cause/do
harm
to
...对……造成伤害/有害
(3)there
is
no
harm
in
doing
sth.做某事没有害处
a
harmful
insect害虫
the
harmful
effects
of
tobacco烟草的害处
be
harmful
to
children's
teeth对儿童的牙齿有害
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Some
plants
and
animals
contain
natural
poisons
that
are
harmful(harm)
to
people.
②(2019·浙江卷)However,
no
praise
from
parents
also
does
harm
to
their
self?confidence.
③He
may
not
be
able
to
help
but
there's
no
harm
in
asking(ask)
him.
[链接写作]——一句多译
有些男生对玩电脑游戏简直到了痴迷的程度，
这对他们的健康非常有害。
①Some
boys
are
too
crazy
about
playing
computer
games,
which
is
very
harmful
to
their
health．(harmful)
②Some
boys
are
too
crazy
about
playing
computer
games,
which
does
great
harm
to
their
health．(harm)
2．exist
vi.存在；生存
[高考原句·2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ]
And
contrary
to
existing
research
that
says
you
should
avoid
eating
with
heavier
people
who
order
large
portions(份),
it's
the
beanpoles
with
big
appetites
you
really
need
to
avoid.
(1)exist
in在于……
exist
on＝live
on靠……生存
There
exist(s)...有……
(2)existence
n．存在；实有；生活；生活方式
come
into
existence出现；产生
(3)existing
adj.现存的；现行的
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①You
can't
imagine
what
difficulty
they
have
existing
on
the
little
money
he's
earning.
②(2019·北京卷)
A
lot
of
business
is
still
done
over
the
phone,
and
much
of
it
is
based
on
trust
and
existing
(exist)
relationships.
③(2019·江苏卷)
So
scientists
are
trying
their
best
to
save
the
species
from
going
out
of
existence(exist).
[链接写作]——完成句子
长期以来，关于宇宙的起源科学家之间就有不同的理论。
Ever
since
a
long
time
ago,
there
have
existed
different
theories
among
scientists
on
how
the
universe
first
came
into
existence．
[名师点津] exist是不及物动词，不能用于被动语态和进行时。
3．puzzle
n．谜；难题
vt.&vi.(使)迷惑；(使)为难
[高考原句·2020·全国卷Ⅱ]Some
parents
will
buy
any
high?tech
toy
if
they
think
it
will
help
their
child,
but
researchers
said
puzzles
help
children
with
math?related
skills.
(1)puzzle
about/over
sth.
苦苦思索；仔细琢磨
a
puzzle
to
sb.一件让某人感到困惑的事情
(2)puzzled
adj.感到困惑的
be
puzzled
about
对……迷惑不解
(3)puzzling
adj.令人困惑的
(4)puzzlement
n．困惑
a
puzzled
look疑惑的表情
a
puzzling
question令人疑惑的问题
a
word
puzzle字谜
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①People
have
long
puzzled
about/over
how
the
Egyptians
moved
such
large
rocks.
②When
the
little
girl
was
asked
such
a
puzzling
(puzzle)
question,
she
stood
there
with
a
surprised
look
on
her
face.
③Hearing
the
manager's
explanation,
he
had
a
puzzled(puzzle)
expression
on
his
face.
④Much
to
the
puzzlement
(puzzle)
of
his
mother，he
left
home
without
saying
a
word.
[链接写作]——完成句子
①(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)
What
puzzles
me
most(最让我困惑的)
about
the
play
is
how
we
should
use
proper
stage
languages
for
different
roles.
②The
cause
of
the
fire
was
a
puzzle
to
the
firemen(让消防队员困惑的事情)．
4．in
time及时；终于；迟早(1)in
time
for...刚好赶上……
in
time
to
do
sth.刚好赶上/及时做某事
(2)on
time准时
in
no
time立刻，
赶快，
马上
at
a
time每次，一次
at
one
time曾经；一度
at
times有时
at
no
time在任何时候都不，从来没有
at
the
same
time同时；尽管如此
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①
(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)I
still
can't
believe
what
a
coincidence
it
was.I'm
just
so
glad
I
was
there
in
time
to
help
(help)my
son.
②It
is
important
to
pay
your
electricity
bill
on
time,
as
late
payments
may
affect
your
credit.
③The
manager
wants
to
see
changes
in
the
company,
and
I
am
sure
he
will
in
time.
④At
no
time
did
they
actually
break
the
rules
of
the
game.It
was
unfair
to
punish
them.
⑤Each
student
is
allowed
to
borrow
two
books
at
a
time
from
the
school
library.
[链接写作]——完成句子
①曾经我甚至感到我父母不理解我，我希望我能脱离他们。
At
one
time,
I
even
felt
my
parents
couldn't
understand
me
so
I
hoped
I
could
be
free
from
them.
②旅行似乎是漫长的，但是我们将及时赶到那里。
The
journey
may
seem
long，but
we
shall
get
there
in
time．
5．in
one's
turn轮到某人
(1)take
turns
doing/to
do
sth.轮流做某事
It's
one's
turn
(to
do
sth.)轮到某人(做某事)了
(2)by
turns轮流着
in
turn反过来；依次
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①At
the
meeting
they
took
turns
to
put/putting
(put)
forward
a
number
of
suggestions
aiming
to
promote
the
reform
of
education
system.
②It's
my
turn
to
pick
(pick)
up
the
kids
after
school
this
week.
③The
two
daughters
looked
after
their
sick
mother
by
turns.
[链接写作]——完成句子/句式升级
人们使用自己的小汽车以避免公共交通延误，反过来，这又造成更多的问题。
①(普通表达)People
try
to
avoid
public
transportation
delays
by
using
their
own
cars,
and
this
in
turn
creates
more
problems.
②(高级表达)People
try
to
avoid
public
transportation
delays
by
using
their
own
cars，which
in
turn
creates
more
problems．(非限制性定语从句)
6．cheer
up感到高兴；感到振奋
(1)cheer
sb.on以喝彩声鼓励某人；为某人加油
(2)cheering
adj.能鼓舞人的；使人振作/高兴的
cheerful
adj.快乐的；高兴的；兴高采烈的
(3)Cheers！(用于祝酒)干杯！
burst
into
cheers突然欢呼起来
cheer
their
sports
teams为他们的运动队加油
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①—I'm
thinking
of
the
test
tomorrow.I'm
afraid
I
can't
pass
it
this
time.
—Cheer
up!
I'm
sure
you
will
make
it.
②Cathy
didn't
expect
any
award
but
was
still
there
to
cheer
on
her
friends
and
praise
their
accomplishments.
[链接写作]——词汇升级/完成句子
①(普通表达)When
I'm
feeling
sad,
my
mother
tells
me
funny
stories
to
make
me
happy.
(高级表达)When
I'm
feeling
depressed,
my
mother
tells
me
funny
stories
to
cheer
me
up．
②中国女排运动员们一出现，观众们就欢呼起来。
The
moment
the
players
of
the
Chinese
Women
Volleyball
Team
turned
up,
the
audience
burst
into
cheers．
7．[教材佳句P26]This
produced
a
chain
reaction，which
made
it
possible
for
life
to
develop.这就产生了连锁反应，使生命的发展成为可能。
[句法句式]句中为“make
it＋adj.＋for
sb.to
do
sth.”句型，
其中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语为for
life
to
develop。
(1)make＋it＋形容词/名词＋that从句
make＋it＋形容词/名词＋to
do不定式
make＋it＋no
good/no
use/no
value
...＋doing
sth.
(2)常用于这种句型的动词有：make，think，consider，find，feel等。
[金句推送] To
make
it
easier
for
us
to
get
in
touch,
you'd
better
keep
this
card
at
hand.
为了更便于联系，你最好将这张卡片放在身边。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2018·浙江卷)I
have
much
experience
in
voluntary
work,
so
I
find
it
a
good
idea
to
apply
(apply)for
the
position.
②Susan
made
it
clear
to
me
that
she
wished
to
make
a
new
life
for
herself.
③He
is
stubborn,
which
makes
it
no
use
quarrelling(quarrel)
with
him
about
it.
[链接写作]——句式升级
(普通表达)I
think
reading
in
bed
is
no
good，which
does
great
harm
to
your
eyes.
(高级表达)I
think
it
no
good
reading
in
bed，which
does
great
harm
to
your
eyes.(形式宾语)
8．[教材佳句P31]But
when
I
tried
to
step
forward，I
found
I
was
carried
twice
as
far
as
on
the
earth
and
fell
over.但当我试着向前迈步时，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。
[句法句式]句中twice
as
far
as...是一种倍数的表示方法，意为“是……的两倍远”。
常见的倍数句型：
(1)...倍数＋as＋adj./adv.＋as...
(2)...倍数＋形容词比较级/副词比较级＋than...
(3)...倍数＋the
size/length/height/depth/width＋of...
[金句推送] It's
said
that
the
power
plant
is
now
twice
as
large
as
what
it
was.
据说该发电厂现在是以前的两倍大。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错
①The
electronic
waste
stream
is
increasing
three
times
faster(fast)
than
traditional
garbage
as
a
whole.
②The
new
stadium
being
built
for
the
2022
Asian
Games
will
be
three
times
the
height(high)
of
the
present
one.
③This
famous
company
has
produced
twice
as
much
electric
vehicles
this
year
as
last
year.much→many
[链接写作]——一句多译
(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)这部短片讲述了我们学校的发展。现在，我们的学校面积是十年前的三倍大。
①The
short
film
tells
about
the
development
of
our
school,
which
is
three
times
as
big
as
it
was
ten
years
ago.
②The
short
film
tells
about
the
development
of
our
school,
which
is
twice
bigger
than
it
was
ten
years
ago.
③The
short
film
tells
about
the
development
of
our
school,
which
is
three
times
the
size
of
the
one
ten
years
ago.
[名师点津] 表示“两倍”时要用double或twice，三倍或三倍以上用“基数词＋times”。有时我们也用分数、百分数、half等代替倍数。
夯基固本——基础强化
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．It
was
the
culture，rather
than
the
language，that
made
it
hard
for
him
to
adapt(adapt)
to
the
new
environment.
2．Can
you
tell
the
subtle
difference
between
the
words
“require”
and
“request”？
I
sometimes
get
puzzled(puzzle)
by
their
meanings.
3．What
is
known
to
us
all
is
that
drinking
too
much
is
harmful(harm)
to
your
health.
4．The
People's
Republic
of
China
came
into
existence
(exist)
as
an
independent
country
in
1949．
5．Last
night,
Mrs.Green
had
a
heart
attack.But
luckily,
the
doctor
came
in
time
to
save(save)
her
life.
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．Though
injured
seriously,
he
tried
to
cheer
up,
hoping
to
make
his
parents
less
worried.
2．Getting
angry
not
only
does
harm
to
one's
health
but
also
has
a
bad
effect
on
the
relationship
between
people.
3．Now
that
we
have
finished
designing,
the
company,
in
its
turn,
should
do
the
constructing
work.
4．They
want
to
make
it
clear
to
the
public
that
the
clean
workers
do
an
important
and
necessary
job.
5．Even
though
there
were
only
ten
minutes
left,
I
was
in
time
for
the
lecture.
Ⅲ.在下列句子中找出一处错误并改正。
1．The
plant,
harming
by
too
much
direct
sunlight,
has
no
chance
of
survival.
harming→harmed
2．What
puzzle
me
is
why
he
has
left
the
country
without
telling
anyone.
puzzle→puzzles
3．He
found
this
very
hard
to
fall
asleep
at
night，so
he
went
to
see
the
doctor.
this→it
4．How
long
has
crosstalk，a
traditional
art
form,
been
existed
in
China?
去掉been
5．The
audience
had
puzzling
looks
on
their
faces，not
knowing
what
had
happened.
puzzling→puzzled
查缺补漏——知识拾遗
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．Some
insects
have
been
found
living
(live)
for
several
years
without
any
water.
2．Her
mother
strongly
objected
to
her
marriage.Surprisingly,
her
reaction(react)
to
the
objection
was
rather
calm.
3．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)It
is
difficult
to
figure
out
a
global(globe)
population
of
polar
bears
as
much
of
the
range
has
been
poorly
studied;
however,
biologists
calculate
that
there
are
about
20，000－25，000
polar
bears
worldwide.
4．(2019·江苏卷)Steve
moved
to
the
piano
and
sat
at
the
bench,
hands
trembling
as
he
gently(gentle)
placed
his
fingers
on
the
keys.
5．The
schoolmaster
said
that
some
measures
should
be
taken
to
stop
school
violence(violent)．
6．During
those
four
years,
he
worked
day
and
night,
thus
improving(improve)
his
theory
gradually
until
it
was
complete.
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．Whether
the
buildings
in
this
area
should
be
pulled
down
has
remained
controversial;
people
are
still
looking
for
other
possible
solutions.
2．Now
that
you
are
fond
of
traditional
Chinese
culture,
I
think
this
is
a
great
opportunity
that
you
cannot
miss.
3．The
conversation
was
carried
on
in
a
harmonious
and
friendly
atmosphere.
4．At
last
the
firefighters
put
out
the
fire,
which
broke
out
in
the
supermarket
at
ten
this
morning.
5．If
we
don't
take
steps,
Tibetan
antelopes
and
giant
pandas
will
die
out
some
day
just
as
dinosaurs.
强技提能——语言应用
Ⅰ.语法填空
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
Unlike
other
stars
in
space,
the
moon
is
a
satellite
of
our
planet—the
earth,
the
only
one
suitable
for
life
in
the
solar
system.
From
ancient
times,
people
wished
to
be
able
to
float
in
the
air
or
travel
to
the
moon.
They
even
1．imagined(imagine)
living
on
the
moon.
However,
it
is
impossible
for
people
2．to
live(live)
on
the
moon,
for
there
is
no
3．existence(exist)
of
atmosphere,
4．especially(especial)
no
oxygen
and
the
climate
is
violent.
Now
5．that
we
can't
live
on
the
moon,
why
do
scientists
spare
no
effort
to
do
research
into
it?
That
is
because
scientists
are
making
use
6．of
the
special
gravity,
7．which
is
one?sixth
that
of
the
earth,
to
improve
the
growing
of
crops.
It
is
also
used
for
8．global(globe)
communication.
But
some
evil
ones
use
space
for
military
purpose.
Now
it
9．is
recognized
(recognize)
that
the
peaceful
use
of
space
is
a
fundamental
principle.
Most
countries
have
signed
agreements
to
prevent
any
country
from
10．producing(produce)
space
weapons.
Ⅱ.书面表达
Step
1．要点提示(黑体字部分要使用本单元所学词汇)
①如果我去月球旅行，我可能会有三个难题：如何呼吸、如何进食和如何四处走动。
If
I
visited
the
moon,
I
might
have
three
problems:
how
to
breathe,
how
to
eat
and
how
to
move
around．
②既然月球上没有空气，首先我要携带空气。
Now
that
the
moon
has
no
air
of
its
own,
I
would
first
carry
all
my
air
with
me.
③没有重力，因此食物会四处乱飘。
There
is
no
gravity,
so
the
food
would
float
around．
④我要确保食物经过特殊加工以使我能够很容易就能吃到。(形式宾语)
I
would
make
sure
that
the
food
is
specially
cooked
to
make
it
possible
for
me
to
eat
easily．
⑤在月球上移动变得很困难。(动名词)
Moving
around
becomes
difficult
on
the
moon.
⑥我的体重只有在地球上的六分之一。(倍数句型)
I
would
weigh
one?sixth
of
what
I
do
on
the
earth．
Step
2．表达升级(改变所给句子的结构以使表达升级)
⑦用非限制性定语从句连接句⑤、⑥
Moving
around
becomes
difficult
on
the
moon，where
I
would
weigh
one?sixth
of
what
I
do
on
the
earth.
Step
3．衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)
If
I
visited
the
moon,
I
might
have
three
problems:
how
to
breathe,
how
to
eat
and
how
to
move
around.
Now
that
the
moon
has
no
air
of
its
own,
I
would
first
carry
all
my
air
with
me.
In
the
spaceship,
there
is
no
gravity
so
food
would
float
around.
Therefore,
I
would
make
sure
that
the
food
is
specially
cooked
to
make
it
possible
for
me
to
eat
easily.
Moving
around
becomes
difficult
on
the
moon，where
I
would
weigh
one?sixth
of
what
I
do
on
the
earth.
PAGEUnit
5
Canada—“The
True
North”
□multicultural
adj.□quiz
n.□polar
adj.□prime
adj.□minister
n.□governor
n.□continent
n.□baggage
n．
□eastward
adv.&adj.□westward
adj.&adv.□upward
adj.&adv.□harbour
n.□eagle
n.□cowboy
n.□
border
n．&vt.&vi.
□acre
n.□urban
adj.□bush
n.□maple
n.□frost
n.□mist
n.□misty
adj.
□schoolmate
n.□booth
n.
□downtown
adj.&
adv.□approximately
adv.
□dawn
n.□workplace
n.□buffet
n．
1．(2019·北京卷)She
hopes
that
every
kid
can
have
a
clean
mouth
and
a
broad
smile.
灿烂的
2．(北京卷)It
took
me
a
long
time
before
I
was
able
to
fully
appreciate
what
my
parents
had
done
for
me.
理解；明白
3．(浙江卷)No
matter
how
unpredictable
the
future
is,
there's
almost
always
some
measure
of
joy
to
be
got
from
the
moment.
(一定的)量；
程度
[单词 拼写·运用]
核心单词
语境运用
1．chat
vi.&n.聊天；闲聊2．scenery
n．景色；风景3．measure
vi.&vt.测量；衡量；判定n．计量制；计量单位；措施4．aboard
prep.&adv.在(船、飞机、火车或公共汽车)上；上(船、飞机、火车等)5．within
prep.在……之内6．nearby
adv.在附近adj.附近的；邻近的7．pleased
adj.欣喜的；高兴的；愉快的8．topic
n．话题9．confirm
vt.证实；证明；批准10．broad
adj.宽阔的；广泛的
用所给词的适当形式填空。1．At
present
the
local
government
is
taking
measures
(measure)
to
reduce
the
pollution.2．He
adores
chatting
(chat)
about
things
with
his
friends
on
the
Internet.3．I
want
to
talk
about
two
topics(topic)：the
protection
of
the
environment
and
the
importance
of
taking
action.4．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)I
am
pleased
(please)
to
tell
you
we
will
have
a
volleyball
match
next
month.5．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Before
choices
are
finalised,
parents/carers
will
be
asked
to
sign
to
confirm
(confirm)
their
child's
choices.
派生单词
语境运用
1．surround
vt.包围；围绕→
surrounding
adj.周围的→
surroundings
n．(复数)周围的事物；环境2．slight
adj.轻微的；微小的→
slightly
adv.稍稍；轻微地3．tradition
n．传统；风俗→
traditional
adj.传统的→traditionally
adv.传统地4．impress
vt.使印象深刻；使铭记→
impressive
adj.给人深刻印象的；感人的→impression
n．印象5．terrify
vt.使恐怖；恐吓→
terrified
adj.恐惧的；受惊吓的→terrifying
adj.令人恐惧的6．wealth
n．财富→wealthy
adj.富有的
7．mix
vt.&vi.混合；调配→
mixture
n．混合(物)；混合状态8．distant
adj.远的；远方的→distance
n．距离；远方
用所给词的适当形式填空。1．When
they
saw
the
terrifying
scene,
everyone
on
the
spot
felt
terrified
and
couldn't
say
a
word.(terrify)2．So
charming
are
the
sights
of
Jiuzhaigou
that
they
leave
a
deep
impression
on
visitors
from
home
and
abroad.To
tell
you
the
truth,
I
am
deeply
impressed
by
its
beautiful
scenery.(impress)3．Surrounded
by
the
forest，the
village
has
beautiful
surroundings，which
attract
many
visitors
from
surrounding
areas.(surround)
4．Though
there
is
a
long
distance
between
Tom
and
his
family,
they
don't
feel
distant．(distance)5．The
little
boy
mixed
vinegar
with
sugar，and
the
mixture
didn't
taste
very
bad.(mix)
[短语 理解·运用]
高频短语
语境运用
1．rather
than与其；不愿2．have
a
gift
for有……天赋3．at
dawn在黎明；在拂晓4．be
impressed
with/by...给……留下深刻印象5．dream
about/of梦想……6．in
the
distance在远处
填入一个适当的词。Wang
Lin
had
a
gift
①for
music
and
dreamed
②about/of
becoming
a
musician.He
practised
playing
the
piano
day
and
night.Fortunately，he
was
offered
a
chance
to
go
to
America
to
put
on
a
performance.He
decided
to
take
a
plane
rather
③than
a
ship.He
arrived
in
New
York
④at
dawn
and
was
impressed
⑤with/by
many
skyscrapers
and
famous
buildings.
7．settle
down定居；平静下来；专心于8．be
surrounded
by/with被……包围9．manage
to
do设法做10．as
far
as远到；直到；至于11．in
charge
of负责12．catch
sight
of看见；瞥见
填入一个适当的词。I
am
planning
to
pay
a
second
visit
to
Australia，which
is
not
only
a
travelling
paradise
for
tourists
but
also
a
perfect
place
to
settle
⑥down.Last
summer，my
parents
and
I
managed
⑦to
travel
around
Australia，where
we
caught
sight
⑧of
many
houses
surrounded
⑨by/with
green
trees
all
the
way.We
stayed
there
for
seven
days
and
had
a
very
good
time.
[句式 辨识·运用]
教材原句背诵
句式结构仿写
1．rather
than
“与其；不愿”，连接并列成分Rather
than
take
the
aeroplane
all
the
way，they
decided
to
fly
to
Vancouver
and
then
take
the
train
from
west
to
east
across
Canada.
正是那些甘愿奉献而不索取的人应得到尊敬。It
is
those
who
are
willing
to
give
rather
than
receive
that
deserve
to
be
respected.
2．比较级表示最高级：比较级＋than
any
other＋单数名词Because
of
the
Great
Lakes,
they
learned,
Canada
has
more
fresh
water
than
any
other
country
in
the
world.
众所周知，在亚洲，中国比其他任何一个国家都大。As
is
known
to
all,
China
is
larger
than
any
other
country
in
Asia.
3．not
...until
...“直到……才……”They
were
not
leaving
for
Montreal
until
later，so
they
went
on
a
tour
of
the
city.
(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)直到上了中学我才意识到父母的决定是多么正确。I
didn't
realize
how
correct
my
parents'
decision
was
until
I
entered
high
school.
1．surround
vt.包围；围绕
[高考原句·2020·浙江卷]The
hungry
bear
followed
his
nose
to
our
camp,
which
was
surrounded
by
a
high
wire
fence.
(1)surround
sb./sth.with/by...使某人/某物被……包围
(2)surrounding
adj.周围的
surroundings
n．环境
(通常用复数形式)
be
surrounded
by/with
the
sea四面环海
be
surrounded
by
family
and
friends有家人和朋友陪伴在身边
the
surrounding
scenery
四周的风景
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2019·江苏卷)Steve
arrived
and
sat
in
the
front
row,
surrounded
(surround)by
his
family.
②(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)And
when
he
saw
the
mists
rising
from
the
river
and
the
soft
clouds
surrounding
(surround)
the
mountain
tops,
he
was
reduced
to
tears.
③(2018·天津卷)Why
do
the
hikers
take
no
notice
of
the
surroundings(surround)
during
the
journey?
[链接写作]——句式升级
(普通表达)The
tall
building
in
the
distance
is
home
to
my
father's
company.The
tall
building
is
surrounded
by
a
great
many
big
trees.
(高级表达)The
tall
building
surrounded
by
a
great
many
big
trees
in
the
distance
is
home
to
my
father's
company.(过去分词作定语)
2．measure
vi.&vt.测量；衡量；判定
n．计量制；计量单位；措施
[高考原句·2020·天津卷]This
effort
is
not
just
an
attempt
at
being
community
minded—it's
also
a
crime?cutting
measure.
(1)measure...by...用……来衡量……
be
measured
by/in...用……来计算/衡量
(2)take
measures
(to
do
sth.)采取措施(做某事)
make...to
one's
measure按某人的尺寸订做……
take
effective
measures采取有效措施
measuring
instruments
测量仪器
a
room
measuring
6
meters
across
六米宽的房间
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①It's
generally
acknowledged
that
one's
ability
shouldn't
be
measured(measure)
only
by
examination
results.
②The
new
bridge
under
construction,
measuring
(measure)
twice
as
long
as
the
old
one,
is
due
to
be
completed
in
2022．
[链接写作]——完成句子/句式升级
①(普通表达)It's
high
time
that
we
should
take/took
measures
to
prevent
air
from
being
polluted(采取措施防止空气污染)．
②(高级表达)It's
high
time
that
measures
should
be
taken/were
taken
to
prevent
air
from
being
polluted．(被动语态)
[名师点津] measure作名词表示“措施”时，常用其复数形式。作动词表示“有……长/宽/高”时，为不及物动词，不用于被动语态和进行时，若此意义的短语作后置定语，要用现在分词形式。
3．distance
n．距离；远方
[高考原句·2020·全国卷Ⅰ]Glowing
plants
could
reduce
this
distance
and
therefore
help
save
energy.
(1)in
the
distance
在远方，在远处
at
a
distance稍远处；离一段距离
at
a
distance
of
在距……的地方
(2)distant
adj.遥远的；(指人)
远亲的，冷淡的
the
distance
of
the
earth
from
the
sun太阳到地球的距离
within
walking
distance走几步就可到达
take
a
distant
attitude
towards
me
对我很疏远
a
distant
look
茫然的表情
a
distant
relative
of
mine我的一个远亲
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2018·浙江卷)Much
to
our
delight，the
sound
of
water
in
the
distance
caught
our
attention
and
drove
us
to
the
river
bank.
②It
is
difficult
to
get
to
know
her
because
she
always
keeps
everyone
at
a
distance.
③(2019·北京卷)Regardless
of
the
weather
or
the
distance(distant),
Paul
Wilson
will
make
sure
low?income
students
in
his
neighbourhood
arrive
at
their
college
classes
on
time.
[链接写作]——完成句子
这个瀑布不仅在远处就可以看到，而且它的声音可以在两英里外听到。
Not
only
can
the
waterfall
be
seen
in
the
distance,
but
also
its
sound
may
be
heard
at
a
distance
of
two
miles．(not
only倒装句)
4．impress
vt.使印象深刻；使铭记
[高考原句·2018·全国卷Ⅲ]What
impressed
visitors
to
the
CAA
Xiangshan
campus
most?
(1)impress
sb.(with
sth.)(某事)
给某人留下印象
impress
(sth.)
on/upon
sb.使某人铭记某事
be
impressed
by/with...为……所感动；对……有印象
(2)impression
n．印象
make/leave
a(n)...impression
on
sb.给某人留下……的印象
(3)impressive
adj.让人印象深刻的；感人的
impress
a
mark
on
the
cover
of
his
book
在他的书的封面上盖上印记
eye
impressions
视觉印象
impressions
of
shoes
on
sand
沙滩上的鞋印
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2019·江苏卷)
After
hearing
Steve's
playing,
Naomi
was
deeply
impressed
by
his
music.
②Impressed(impress)
with
my
performance,
the
interviewers
gave
me
the
highest
mark
in
the
job
interview.
③What
was
so
impressive
(impress)
about
Jasmine
Westland's
victory
was
that
she
came
first
in
the
marathon
bare?footed.
[链接写作]——词汇升级
(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)我坚信今年的音乐节会给你留下深刻的印象。
(普通表达)I
hold
the
firm
belief
that
this
year's
music
festival
will
impress
you
deeply.
①(高级表达)I
am
firmly
convinced
that
you
will
be
deeply
impressed
by/at/with
this
year's
music
festival.(impress)
②(高级表达)I
do
believe
that
this
year's
music
festival
will
surely
leave
a
deep
impression
on
you．(impression)
5．settle
down定居；平静下来；专心于
(1)settle
down
to
(doing)
sth.安心于(做)某事；专心于(做)某事
settle
in/into
sth.适应(新环境、新工作、新生活等)
(2)settlement
n．安顿；定居；解决；协议
settler
n．移民；殖民者
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)
Cities
usually
have
a
good
reason
for
being
where
they
are,
like
a
nearby
port
or
river.People
settle
in
these
places
because
they
are
easy
to
get
to
and
naturally
suited
to
communications
and
trade.
②Mr.and
Mrs.Brown
would
like
to
see
their
daughter
settle
down，get
married,
and
have
kids.
③After
reaching
a
settlement
(settle)
with
the
school,
she
soon
settled
into
her
new
school
life.
④With
so
much
noise
outside,
I
can't
settle
down
to
reading
(read)
books.
[链接写作]——完成句子/句式升级
①(普通表达)There
are
a
lot
of
difficult
problems
to
settle(很多难题要解决),
so
the
newly?elected
president
is
having
a
hard
time.
②(高级表达)With
a
lot
of
difficult
problems
to
settle,
the
newly?elected
president
is
having
a
hard
time.(with复合结构)
6．catch
sight
of看见；瞥见
(1)come
into
sight进入视线，映入眼帘
lose
sight
of看不见；忽略；忘记
(2)out
of
sight看不见
in/within
sight看得见；在眼前
(3)at
first
sight乍一看；初看时
[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错
①(2018·江苏卷)Failing
to
find
any
other
way
out,
they
decided
to
make
a
walking
journey,
as
they
caught
sight
of
an
old
hikers'
guide.
②At
first
sight，there
is
nothing
special
about
the
watch，but
in
fact
it
is
a
mobile
phone.
③His
grandfather，a
banker，lost
all
in
the
1930s，but
did
not
lose
sight
of
what
he
valued
most.
④At
the
railway
station,
the
mother
waved
goodbye
to
her
daughter
until
the
train
was
out
of
the
sight.去掉sight前的the
[链接写作]——完成句子
①飞机穿过云层下降时，绿色的田野和白色的房屋映入了眼帘。
As
the
plane
came
down
through
the
clouds，green
fields
and
white
houses
came
into
sight．
②一看见这幅画我就想起了我的快乐童年。
At
the
sight
of
the
picture
I
thought
of
my
happy
childhood.
7．
[教材佳句P34]Rather
than
take
the
aeroplane
all
the
way，they
decided
to
fly
to
Vancouver
and
then
take
the
train
from
west
to
east
across
Canada.她们不想一路乘飞机，而决定先飞到温哥华，再从西海岸乘火车横穿加拿大到达东海岸。
[句法句式]句中rather
than“与其；不愿；而不是”，连接两个并列成分，可连接名词、代词、介词(短语)、动词的?ing形式及不定式。
(1)宁愿……
而不愿……
(2)or
rather更确切地说
other
than除……之外
more
than很，非常，超过，不仅仅
[金句推送] (2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Today，many
Chinese
people
are
learning
Western
styles
and
theories
rather
than
focusing
on
Chinese
traditions.许多中国人现在正在学习西方的建筑风格和理论，而不是只关注中国的传统。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2020·江苏卷)LoveFone,
a
company
that
advocates
repairing
cellphones
rather
than
abandoning
(abandon)them,
opened
a
mini
workshop
in
a
London
phone
box
in
2016．
②Mary,
rather
than
you,
is(be)
to
blame
for
not
finishing
the
work
on
time.
③I
met
him
very
late
on
Friday
night,
or
rather,
early
Saturday
morning.
[链接写作]——一句多译
如果我不得不放弃其中一个，
我会关掉电视而不是关掉我的手机。
①If
I
had
to
give
up
one
of
them,
I
would
turn
off
the
TV
rather
than
switch
off
my
cell
phone.(would...rather
than)
②If
I
had
to
give
up
one
of
them,
I
would
rather
turn
off
the
TV
than
switch
off
my
cell
phone.(would
rather...than)
③If
I
had
to
give
up
one
of
them,
I
prefer
to
turn
off
the
TV
rather
than
switch
off
my
cell
phone.(prefer...rather
than)
[名师点津] rather
than连接两个名词或代词作主语及其附属成分时，谓语动词应与rather
than前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。
夯基固本——基础强化
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．Rather
than
discuss(discuss)
all
of
these
questions
at
length,
we
prefer
to
focus
(focus)on
the
impact
of
the
heavy
snow.
2．Now
we
live
in
a
world
surrounded(surround)
by
the
“can't
do”
attitudes.
3．Now
that
there
is
a
little
time
left,
we
should
settle
down
to
dealing
(deal)
with
something
urgent.
4．After
the
typhoon,
people
found
some
tall
trees,
measuring
(measure)
more
than
10
meters,
lying
here
and
there
on
the
ground.
5．I
live
nearby.My
house
is
within
walking
distance
(distant)
of
the
university.
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．Soon,
it
ran
away
off
the
road
and
disappeared
in
the
distance.
2．The
moment
he
caught
sight
of
the
police,
the
thief
ran
away
as
fast
as
he
could.
3．Your
art
skills
are
excellent
and
admirable,
which
leaves
me
a
deep
impression.
4．Mr.
Smith
asked
the
tailor
to
make
some
new
clothes
to
his
own
measure.
5．In
a
word,
I'll
try
my
best
to
help
you
settle
in
and
help
you
feel
at
home.
Ⅲ.在下列句子中找出一处错误并改正。
1．Surrounding
by
the
sea
on
three
sides,
modern
Qingdao
is
considered
one
of
the
most
livable
cities
in
China.
Surrounding→Surrounded
2．We
must
take
preventive
measure
to
reduce
crime
in
the
area.
measure→measures
3．We
could
see
nothing
in
the
thick
fog
in
a
distance
of
five
metres,
so
we
got
lost.
第二个in→at/from
4．The
foreigners
here
are
greatly
impressed
at
the
fact
that
people
from
all
walks
of
life
are
working
hard
for
a
new
Tianjin.
at→by/with
5．The
hungry
and
exhausted
boys
cheered
up
at
sight
of
the
delicious
food.
在sight前加the
查缺补漏——知识拾遗
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．Though
we
left
home
very
late,
we
managed
to
catch
(catch)
the
last
bus.
2．When
she
saw
the
accident,
she
felt
so
terrified
(terrify)
that
her
face
turned
pale.
3．I
came
home
from
the
meeting
late
at
night
with
mixed
(mix)
feelings.
4．With
the
guide
leading
(lead)
the
way,
we
had
no
trouble
getting
out
of
the
forest.
5．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)They
also
shared
with
us
many
traditional(tradition)
stories
about
Hawaii
that
were
hugely
popular
with
tourists.
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．His
younger
daughter
has
a
gift
for
music
and
I
think
she
is
very
likely
to
make
a
great
singer.
2．Dave
dreamt
of/about
becoming
a
great
writer
when
he
was
young,
but
now
he
is
an
engineer.
3．Don't
leave
the
medicine
on
the
table
within
the
reach
of
little
children.
4．He
didn't
realize
how
important
love
is
for
a
family
until
he
went
through
real
hardship.
5．Don't
mix
up
those
papers,
or
we'll
spend
much
time
looking
for
the
ones
we
need.
强技提能——语言应用
Ⅰ.语法填空
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
We
all
know
that
we
should
learn
to
mix
work
with
pleasure,
but
it
is
1．easier
(easy)
said
than
done.
We
have
always
been
dreaming
of
visiting
Canada.
However,
it
was
not
until
last
year
2．that
we
managed
3．to
make(make)
it.
We
decided
to
take
the
plane
rather
4．than
the
train.
We
5．went(go)
aboard
in
the
evening.
When
we
were
over
Canada,
it
was
dawn
and
the
sky
was
clear
enough
for
us
to
enjoy
the
beautiful
country
from
above.
We
fell
in
love
with
the
fascinating
scenery
at
first
sight.
We
also
caught
sight
6．of
many
lakes
and
mountains
from
a
distance.
We
were
7．greatly(great)
impressed
by
their
beauty.
I
thought
that
it
was
a
perfect
place
to
settle
down.
The
next
day,
we
toured
Vancouver,
which
8．is
located(locate)
in
the
west
of
Canada.
9．Surrounded(surround)
with
high
buildings,
we
all
felt
very
excited.
As
far
as
I'm
concerned,
it
is
one
of
the
most
beautiful
10．cities
(city)
in
the
world.
Ⅱ.书面表达
Step
1．要点提示(黑体字部分要使用本单元所学词汇)
①我有一个同学，她已在加拿大定居。
I
have
a
friend
and
she
has
settled
down
in
Canada.
②她说她的住处绿树围绕，风景很美。
She
says
her
house
is
surrounded
by/with
many
trees
and
that
the
scenery
is
beautiful.
③我一直想去见她。
I
was
always
dreaming
of
visiting
her.
④直到今年夏天我才去了加拿大。
I
didn't
leave
for
Canada
until
this
summer.
⑤我们决定开车环游而不是乘火车。
We
decided
to
drive
to
travel
around
rather
than
take
a
train．
⑥我们看到了远处的许多湖泊、山脉。
We
caught
sight
of
many
lakes
and
mountains
in
the
distance.
⑦坦率地说，美丽的景色给我留下了深刻的印象。
Frankly
speaking,
I
was
greatly
impressed
by/with
the
beauty
of
this
country.
Step
2．表达升级(改变所给句子的结构以使表达升级)
⑧用定语从句改写句①
I
have
a
friend
who
has
settled
down
in
Canada.
⑨用强调句型改写句④
It
was
not
until
this
summer
that
I
left
for
Canada.
Step
3．衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)
I
have
a
friend
who
has
settled
down
in
Canada.
She
says
her
house
is
surrounded
by
many
trees
and
that
the
scenery
is
beautiful.
I
was
always
dreaming
of
visiting
her,
but
it
was
not
until
this
summer
that
I
left
for
Canada.
We
decided
to
drive
to
travel
around
rather
than
take
a
train.
We
caught
sight
of
many
lakes
and
mountains
in
the
distance.
Frankly
speaking,
I
was
greatly
impressed
by
the
beauty
of
this
country.
PAGE
