Unit
3
Back
to
the
past
□civilization
n．
□lecture
n．
□Roman
n．&
adj.
□volcano
n.
□lava
n.
□ash
n.
□unfortunate
adj.
□mud
n.
□researcher
n.
□true?to?life
adj.
□disaster
n.
□commercial
adj.
□wealthy
adj.
□gradually
adv.
□sandstorm
n.
□scholar
n.
□cultural
adj.
□institute
n.
□beneath
prep.
□pot
n.
□material
n．&
adj.
□document
n.
□workshop
n.
□nearby
adv.&
adj.
□extreme
adj.
□bone
n.
□wooden
adj.
□leather
n.
□historical
adj.
□solution
n.
□expression
n.
□audience
n.
□cave
n.
□ceremony
n.
□republic
n.
□chairman
n.
□pearl
n.
□harbor
(harbour)n.
□navy
n.
□powerful
adj.
□airfield
n.
□bomb
vt.&
n.
□sailor
n.
□aircraft
n.
□carrier
n.
□memorial
n．&
adj.
□statue
n.
□troop
n.
□march
vi.&
n.
□glory
n.
□vast
adj.
□philosophy
n.
□salary
n.
□basis
n.
□court
n.
□god
n.
□corrupt
vt.&
adj.
□trial
n.
1．(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Judges
will
choose
up
to
50
honorable
mention
winners，who
will
each
receive
a
T?shirt
in
memory
of
Earhart's
final
flight.n.评委
2．(2017·天津卷)There
were
also
signs
that
I
was
headed
down
the
right
path.
vt.带领
3．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)When
I
arrived，I
saw
a
2?
to
3?week?old
owl.It
had
already
been
placed
in
a
carrier
for
safety.n.临时庇护处或简易的窝
[单词 拼写·运用]
核心单词
语境运用
1．pour
vi.涌流，倾泻vt.倒出(液体)2．complain
vi.抱怨3．decorate
vt.装饰，装潢
用所给词的适当形式填空。1．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)After
that
I
poured(pour)
oil
into
a
pan
and
turned
on
the
stove.I
waited
patiently
until
the
oil
was
hot.
核心单词
语境运用
4．found
vt.兴建，创建5．erupt
vi.(火山等)爆发6．fortunate
adj.幸运的7．flee
vt.&
vi.逃避，逃跑；迅速离开
8．ruin
n．废墟；毁坏
vt.破坏，毁灭9．ahead
adv.(时间、空间)在前面；提前，预先；领先10．poison
n．毒药，毒物
vt.毒害，下毒
2.(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)In
another，employees
were
shown
to
be
15%
more
productive
when
their
workplaces
were_decorated(decorate)
with
houseplants.3．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)If
you
do，you
won't
be
able
to
handle
it
and
the
whole
thing
develops
into
an
unpleasant
scene
and
that
ruins
(ruin)
everyone's
day.4．(2019·北京卷)Although
she
founded
(found)
her
company
early
on
in
life，she
wasn't
driven
primarily
by
profit.5．We
should
strictly
and
voluntarily
obey
traffic
rules，stopping
at
the
red
light
rather
than
complaining
(complain)
about
traffic
jams.6．The
enemy
soldiers
fled/were_fleeing
(flee)
in
all
directions
when
they
were
attacked.7．The
explosion
of
the
chemical
plant
has_poisoned(poison)
more
than
20
local
residents
so
far.
派生单词
语境运用
1．explode
vi.爆炸→explosion
n．爆炸，爆发2．declare
vt.宣布，宣称→declaration
n．宣告；宣言；申报3．judge
v．判断；审判
n．法官，审判员；裁判员→judgement
n．判断；判决4．aware
adj.意识到的，知道的；察觉到的→awareness
n．认识，意识5．educate
vt.教育→education
n．教育，培养→educator
n．教育者，教育家6．destroy
vt.毁坏，摧毁→destruction
n．破坏，毁灭→destructive
adj.破坏性的，毁灭性的7．remain
vt.&
vi.遗留，剩余；继续存在→remaining
adj.剩余的→remains
n．遗物，遗迹，遗骸
用所给词的适当形式填空。1．Under
the
pressure
of
the
public，the
judges
had
to
change
their
judgement
at
last；the
murderer
was
sentenced
to
death.(judge)2．As
far
as
I'm
aware，more
and
more
people
have
an
awareness
of
the
importance
of
eating
a
healthy
diet.(aware)3．He
got
little
education
because
of
poverty，so
he
always
educates
his
children
to
value
the
chance
of
study.(educate)4．Due
to
the
destructive
hurricane，lots
of
villages
were
destroyed
and
many
people
were
left
homeless.(destroy)5．A
bomb
exploded
in
the
market
and
the
explosion
was
heard
a
mile
away.(explode)6．It's
declared
that
both
sides
agree
to
stop
fighting.They
are
required
to
obey
the
declaration
forever.(declare)7．She
devoted
her
remaining
years
to
studying
the
remains
of
the
Yuanmingyuan.(remain)
[短语 理解·运用]
高频短语
语境运用
1．take_over
夺取；接管2．no_doubt
无疑，确实3．pour_out
涌出4．carry_out
实施；执行5．take_part_in
参加
填入一个适当的词。There
was
①no
doubt
that
David
took
②over
the
company
when
his
father
retired.All
the
board
members
attended
the
meeting
yesterday，and
David
delivered
the
keynote
address.He
made
them
aware
of
the
determination
that
he
would
carry
③out
his
duty
faithfully.
6．focus_on
集中(精力)于7．turn_out
结果是，证明是8．break_down
毁掉；身体垮掉9．together_with
与……一起10．have_enough_of
对……感到厌烦
填入一个适当的词。There
will
be
times
when
you
meet
with
disappointment
and
have
enough
④of
your
present
life.Life
won't
always
turn
⑤out
the
way
you
want.This
is
just
another
thing
you'll
have
to
learn
to
deal
with.But
instead
of
letting
you
break
⑥down，push
on.Accept
disappointment
and
focus
⑦on
pursuing
your
dreams.
11．rise_up_against
起义，反抗12．in_memory_of
纪念13．stand_in_one's_path
阻碍(某人)14．come_down_with
患(病)
填入一个适当的词。In
my
hometown，there
was
a
statue
set
up
⑧in
memory
of
a
brave
officer
calling
on
the
villagers
to
rise
up
⑨against
the
enemies
during
World
War
Ⅱ.Even
though
he
came
down
⑩with
a
serious
illness，he
never
let
it
stand
in
?
his
path.He
was
a
hero
in
the
hearts
of
the
villagers.
[句式 辨识·运用]
教材原句背诵
句式结构仿写
1.介词短语位于句首引起的全部倒装Near
the
city
was
a
volcano.
(2017·北京卷·满分作文)一个美丽的现代城市——泰安坐落于泰山脚下。At_the_foot_of_Mount_Tai_sits/lies
a
beautiful
modern
city
—
Tai'an.
2.It
turns/turned
out
that...原来……；结果……It
turns
out
that
after
the
ash
covered
the
people
who
failed
to
flee
the
city，their
bodies
nearly
completely
broke
down
and
disappeared，leaving
empty
spaces
in
the
ash.
(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)原来只是看绿色的、正在生长中的东西就可以减少压力，降低血压，并使人们心情好。It_turns_out_that
just
looking
at
green，growing
things
can
reduce
stress，lower
blood
pressure，and
put
people
into
a
better
mood(情绪)．
3.动名词的复合结构The
desert
was
once
a
green
land
with
huge
trees，but
they
were
cut
down
and
that
resulted
in
the
city
being
buried
by
sand—what
a
pity！
(2019·江苏卷)他站在钢琴旁，闭上眼睛，第一次听别人演奏自己的作品。He
stood
by
the
piano，eyes
closed，listening
for
the
first
time
to
his_own_work_being_played
by
someone
else.
1．pour
vi.涌流，倾泻；(雨)倾盆而下vt.倒出(液体)；涌出
pour
in
涌进pour
into
涌进……；使灌入pour
out
(of...)
(从……)倒出/涌出；倾诉pour
down
(雨)倾盆而下
pour
oil
on
the
fire
火上浇油
pour
out
his
trouble
to
her
向她倾诉他的苦恼
pour
out
in
crowds
成群地涌出来
pour
a
large
sum
of
money
into
the
project
把大笔资金投入了这项工程
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Hardly
had
I
got
home
when
the
rain
poured
down.
②People
pour
into
big
department
stores
when
they
have
a
sales
drive.
[链接写作]——完成句子
他把牛奶从瓶子里倒入玻璃杯，然后喝光了。
He
poured_milk_out_of_the_bottle_into_the_glass
and
drank
it
up.
2．ruin
n．[C]
(pl.)废墟，遗迹；[U]毁坏，毁灭，崩溃vt.破坏，毁灭；使破产
(1)in
ruins
成为废墟fall/come
into
ruin
被破坏了，被毁了bring...to
ruin
使……毁灭；使……没落；使……破产(2)ruin
oneself毁掉自己ruin
one's
health/fame/future
毁掉某人的健康/名誉/前途
ruin
your
bright
future/bring
your
bright
future
to
ruin毁掉你的美好前途
leave
the
town
in
ruins
使这个城镇化为废墟
the
ruin
of
his
hopes他的希望破灭
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①When
they
returned
to
Rockaway
the
next
day，they
found
their
neighborhood
in
ruins(ruin)．
②In
some
places，roads
built
to
help
farmers
fall
into
ruin.
[链接写作]——句式升级
(普通表达)It
rained
for
two
weeks
and
it
completely
ruined
our
holiday.
①(高级表达)It
rained
for
two
weeks，which_completely_ruined_our_holiday.
(用非限制性定语从句)
②(高级表达)It
rained
for
two
weeks，completely_ruining_our_holiday.(用现在分词短语作状语)
3．remains
n．遗物，遗迹，遗骸；剩余物
(1)the
remains
of...……的遗迹/残留(2)remain
v．留下；仍然是remain＋It
remains
to
be
seen...尚不确定……，还说不准……
the
remains
of
several
dinosaurs
几具恐龙遗骸
remain
in
one's
mind
留在记忆中
remain
to
accompany
you
留下来陪你
remain
firm
in
(the)
face
of
the
enemy在敌人面前始终很坚定
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①The
poor
man
ate
the
remains
(remain)
of
the
dishes
hurriedly.
②The
remaining
(remain)
twenty
patients
were
transferred
to
another
hospital.
③The
guests
came
in，but
she
remained
seated(seat)
at
the
desk
reading.
④It
remains
to_be_seen(see)
whether
she'll
be
fit
enough
to
play
in
the
finals.
[链接写作]——完成句子
我们学校将建一个新图书馆的消息是否真实还有待证实。
It_remains_to_be_seen_whether_the_news_is_true
that
a
new
library
will
be
built
in
our
school.
[名师点津] remaining常作前置定语，表示“剩余的，剩下的”，而left常作后置定语。如：the
money
left＝the
remaining
money剩下的钱。
4．complain
vi.抱怨
[高考原句·2020·江苏卷]One
funny
observation
about
a
problem
in
your
life
can
be
funny，but
five
is
just
complaining，no
matter
how
smart
you
think
you
are.
(1)complain
(to
sb.)
about/of
sth./that...(向某人)抱怨……complain
of
sth.诉说某事complain
against/about
投诉；申诉(2)complaint
n．抱怨；投诉make
a
complaint
against/about...对……进行投诉
make
a
formal
complaint
against
your
delivery
service
对您的送货服务正式投诉
complain
of
severe
stomach
pains
说肚子很疼
complain
about
working
overtime
因加班而抱怨
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
He
complained
to
the
waiter
that
his
meal
is
cold.
[链接写作]——一句多译
我写此信意在投诉你这个宾馆的服务。
①I
am
now
writing
to_complain_against/about
the
service
of
your
hotel.(complain)
②I
am
now
writing
to_make_a_complaint_against/about
the
service
of
your
hotel.(complaint)
5．flee
vt.&
vi.逃避，逃跑；迅速离开
flee
some
place
逃离某地flee
to
some
place
逃到某地flee
from
(＝escape
from)
从……逃离
fled
across
the
border
to
escape
the
fighting
为了躲避战争逃过了国境线
be
forced
to
flee
the
country
被迫逃离该国
flee
from
hate，mischief
and
jealousy远离仇恨、伤害与嫉妒
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
Everyone
fled
from
the
burning
building
when
the
fire
alarm
sounded.
[链接写作]——完成句子
轰炸开始时，人们逃到了安全地带。
When
the
bombing
started，people
fled_to_the_safe_place.
6．declare
vt.宣布，宣称；宣告；声明
[高考原句·2020·江苏卷]
Jan
23：Wuhan
declared
temporary
outbound
(向外的)
traffic
restrictions.
declare
sb./sth.to
be...宣布某人或某事是……declare
for/against
表示赞成/反对……declare
war
(on/against)
(向……)宣战declare
that...宣布……
declare
him
to
be
the
winner
宣布他为获胜者
declare
his
true
feelings
to
her
向她表明他的真实感情
declare
for
improving
the
public
bus
system宣布同意改进公共汽车系统
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①What
is
known
to
us
is
that
the
Chinese
government
has
declared
against
terrorism
openly.
②The
court
declared
that
strike
action
was
illegal
(legal)．
[链接写作]——句式升级
(普通表达)The
contract
has
been
declared
void(无效)．
(高级表达)It_has_been_declared_that
the
contract
is
void.(it作形式主语)
7．aware
adj.意识到的，知道的；察觉到的
(1)be
aware
that...知道……；意识到……be/become
aware
of
知道/意识到as
far
as
I
am
aware
就我所知make
sb.aware
of
使某人意识到(2)raise
awareness
of
提高对……的认识(3)unaware
adj.不知道的，没察觉到的
make
people
more
aware
of
these
problems
让人更加意识到这些问题
be
well
aware
of
the
dangers
十分清楚这些危险
raise
awareness
of
the
dangers
of
passive
smoking
提高对被动吸烟的危害的认识
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①I
took
part
in
a
group
activity
called
“Sensitivity
Sunday”，which
was
to
make
us
more
aware
of
the
problems
faced
by
disabled
people.
②We
should
try
to
raise
people's
awareness(aware)
of
environmental
protection.
[链接写作]——句式升级
①(普通表达)To
his
relief，his
parents
are
aware
of
his
innocence.
(高级表达)
To
his
relief，his
parents
are
aware
that_he_is_innocent.
②(普通表达)As
far
as
I
know，the
invitations
to
the
party
have
all
been
sent.
(高级表达)As_far_as_I_am_aware，the
invitations
to
the
party
have
all
been
sent.(aware)
[名师点津] aware表示“意识到(察觉到)某情况”时，其后总是接介词of。而且aware是表语形容词，故不要将其用于名词前作定语；加强语气时可用well，fully，very
much，much等修饰，但不能用very。
8．judge
n．法官，审判员；裁判员v.判断；审判；裁判
(1)judge...from/by...根据……来判断……judge
sb./sth.to
be...判断某人/事是……
so/as
far
as
I
can
judge
依我判断(2)judging
by/from...根据……来判断(3)in
one's
judgement依某人看来
judge
whether
what
she
is
doing
is
right
or
wrong
评判她做的是对还是错
judge
his
own
performance
against
others'
performance对照他人的表现来判断他自己的表现
judge
between
right
and
wrong判断是非
[基础练习]——语段语法填空
Judging
from
what
he
said，he
must
be
an
honest
man.On
the
contrary，he
often
robs
and
steals，so
the
judge
pointed
out
that
a
man
should
not
be_judged
only
by
his
looks.In
my
judgement，what
he
said
is
reasonable.(judge)
[链接写作]——一句多译
依我判断，这本书内容相当准确。
①So/As_far_as_I_can_judge，the
book
is
remarkably
accurate.(judge)
②In_my_judgement，the
book
is
remarkably
accurate.(judgement)
③My_judgement_is_that
the
book
is
remarkably
accurate.(judgement)
[名师点津] judging
from/by用在句首时，为一个独立成分，不受句子主语和时态影响。
9．take
over夺取，占据；接替；接管
take
up
拿起；占用；开始(从事)take
off
起飞；脱掉(衣服等)；开始获得成功take
in
吸收；欺骗；理解take
down
记录下来；拆除take
on
承担；呈现；雇用
took
over
his
work
after
his
departure他离开后接替他的工作
take
two
years
over
this
book
花两年写这本书
take
up
much
of
your
time
占用你很多时间
[基础练习]——写出下列句中take
over的含义
①In
89
BC，the
Romans
took
over
Pompeii.It
then
became
a
rich
city.
夺取，占据
②Our
manager
told
me
that
I
would
take
over
the
job
as
branch
manager
next
month.接替；接管
[链接写作]——完成句子
技术是用来帮助我们的，但我们不应该让它接管我们的生活。
Technology
is
here
to
help
us，but
we
should
not
allow
it
to_take_over_our_lives.
10．no
doubt
无疑，确实
[高考原句·2020·全国卷Ⅱ]He
says
it's
not
easy
to
convince
people
that
nutria
fur
is
green，but
he
has
no
doubt
about
it.
(1)There
is
no
doubt
that...毫无疑问……There
is
some
doubt
whether...怀疑是否……without
doubt
毫无疑问(2)don't
doubt
that...不用怀疑……doubt
whether/if...怀疑/不相信是否……
doubt
the
truth
of
this
statement怀疑这种说法是否符合事实
doubt
what
he
said
不相信他说的话
be
the
best
nurse
in
the
hospital
without
doubt
无疑是那家医院最优秀的护士
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①There's
some
doubt
whether
he
has
the
ability
to
do
the
job.
②You
can
complain，but
I
doubt
if/whether
it
will
make
any
difference.
[链接写作]——句式升级
(普通表达)Certainly
I
can
fulfill
the
task
ahead
of
schedule.
①(高级表达)There_is_no_doubt_that/No_doubt
I
can
fulfill
the
task
ahead
of
schedule.
②(高级表达)I
can
fulfill
the
task
ahead
of
schedule
without_doubt.
[名师点津] ①doubt作动词讲时，在肯定句中接if/whether引导的宾语从句；在疑问句和否定句中接that引导的宾语从句。
②当doubt用作名词时，在肯定句中接whether引导的同位语从句；在否定句中后跟that引导的同位语从句。
11．(教材P43)
It
turns
out
that
after
the
ash
covered
the
people
who
failed
to
flee
the
city，their
bodies
nearly
completely
broke
down
and
disappeared，leaving
empty
spaces
in
the
ash.原来，火山灰覆盖了没能逃离城市的人，他们的身体几乎全部烧化消失了，只留下火山灰里的人形空当。
[句型公式] 句中It
turns
out
that...表示“原来是……；结果是……”。
It
turns/turned
out
that...原来是……；结果是……
It
turns/turned
out
to
be...原来是……；结果是……
sb./sth.turns/turned
out
to
be...某人或某物原来是……；某人或某物结果是……
[金句推送] The
book
turns
out
to
be
one
that
has
appealed
to
the
world
for
more
than
350
years.
原来这本书350多年来一直吸引着全世界的人。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①It
turned
out
that
his
brother
died
of
a
sudden
heart
attack.
②He
said
he
was
a
doctor，but
later
he
turned
out
to_be(be)
a
cheat.
[链接写作]——句式升级
(普通表达)The
job
turned
out
to
be
harder
than
we
thought.
(高级表达)It_turned_out_that
the
job
was
harder
than
we
thought.
[名师点津] 本句型后接that从句时，句首的it不可用别的词代替；但是如果后面接不定式时，主语可根据实际需要确定。如：The
day
turned
out
(to
be)
a
fine
day.那天倒是好天气。
12．(教材P43)
The
desert
was
once
a
green
land
with
huge
trees，but
they
were
cut
down
and
that
resulted
in
the
city
being
buried
by
sand—what
a
pity！这片沙漠曾经是绿树成荫的绿洲，但这些树被砍伐殆尽，导致这座城市被沙尘掩埋——多么遗憾啊！
[句型公式] 句中the
city
being
buried
by
sand是动名词的复合结构。city与bury之间存在被动关系，故用being
buried。
在动名词复合结构中，用普通格或所有格，一般遵循下列原则：
(1)若动名词复合结构作主语，则其逻辑主语用名词的所有格或物主代词。
(2)若动名词复合结构作宾语或表语，当其逻辑主语指人时，则该逻辑主语用普通格或所有格均可。当其逻辑主语是无生命的事物，则名词要用普通格。
[金句推送] (2018·天津卷·满分作文)
I
believe
your
joining
our
team
will
benefit
us
a
lot.我相信你加入我们的团队会使我们受益匪浅。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①The
new
evidence
led
to
the
thief
being_caught(catch)．
②I
can't
imagine
Tom
making(make)
such
a
mistake.
[链接写作]——一句多译
约翰上学又迟到了让他的老师很生气。
①John's_being_late_for_school_again
made
his
teacher
very
angry.(动名词复合结构)
②It
made
his
teacher
very
angry
that_John_was_late_for_school_again.(主语从句)
夯基固本——基础强化
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．The
judge
declared
(declare)
that
the
young
man
was
guilty
of
an
attempted
murder，while
he
himself
insisted
that
he
was
innocent.
2．In
recent
years，a
great
deal
of
rubbish
has_been_poured
(pour)
into
the
river，which
smells
terrible.
3．The
whole
city
lay
in
ruins(ruin)
after
the
earthquake，which
made
us
lying
awake
all
night.
4．Instead
of
complaining(complain)
about
what's
wrong，be
grateful
for
what's
right.
5．His
(he)
not
getting
to
the
station
on
time
made
all
of
us
worried.
6．If
your
awareness
(aware)
is
as
sharp
as
it
could
be，you'll
have
no
trouble
answering
these
questions.
7．He
wasn't
allowed
to
go
to
the
cinema，for
a
lot
of
work
remained
to_be_done
(do)．
8．Judging
(judge)
from
the
book
I
have
read，I
think
the
writer
is
very
promising.
9．What
worried
the
child
most
was
his
not
being_allowed(allow)
to
visit
his
mother
in
hospital.
10．In
1972，President
Richard
Nixon
declared
the
third
Sunday
of
June
every
year
to_be(be)
Father's
Day
in
America.
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．An
accident
happened
on
the
way
home
last
night，but
the
driver
fled
from
the
scene.
2．The
research
showed
beyond
doubt
that
smoking
contributes
to
heart
disease.
3．When
Mr.Green
retired，his
son
took
over
the
business
from
him.
4．Those
who
are
going
through
the
unpleasant
time
often
complain
about
how
hard
their
lives
are.
5．Wearing
proper
clothes
is
important
too，for
locals
will
judge
you
by/from
what
you
wear.
Ⅲ.在下列句子中找出一处错误并改正。
1．There
is
no
doubt
whether
nearsightedness
is
a
serious
problem
among
the
youth
of
our
country.whether→that
2．The
headmaster
didn't
seem
to
aware
that
there
should
have
been
so
much
disagreement
about
the
decision.to后加be
3．Judged
by
her
last
letter，they
are
having
a
wonderful
time.Judged→Judging
4．It
remains
truly
that
sport
is
about
competing
well，not
winning.truly→true
5．Years
of
fighting
have
left
the
area
in
ruin.ruin→ruins
查缺补漏——知识拾遗
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．The
Chinese
Communist
Party
was_founded
(found)
on
July
1,1921.
2．I
can't
go
out
with
all
these
dishes
to_wash
(wash)．
3．Fortunately(fortune)，they
had
an
excellent
teacher
during
high
school.
4．He's
not
educated
enough
to
give
expression(express)
to
all
his
thoughts.
5．Unfortunately，his
father
died，leaving(leave)
the
family
even
worse
off.
6．She
had
a
voice
powerful(power)
enough
not
to
need
a
microphone.
7．He
didn't
mind
carrying
a
banner
and
marching(march)
about
with
the
crowd.
8．His
confidence
built
up
gradually(gradual)
as
he
gained
more
and
more
experience
in
teaching.
9．Accustomed
to
being
poor，he
found
it
hard
to
adapt
to
a
wealthy(wealth)
life
in
a
short
period
of
time.
10．Hearing
the
dog
barking
fiercely，away
fled(flee)
the
thief.
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．A
ten?foot
wooden
sculpture
was
placed
near
the
bridge
in
memory
of
its
builder
and
his
devotion
to
the
project.
2．I
thought
we'd
be
late
for
the
concert，but
we
ended
up
getting
there
ahead
of
time.
3．She
is
a
girl
alive
to
the
moods
of
others.
4．The
salesman
said
the
car
was
in
good
condition，and
I
was
foolish
enough
to
believe
him.
5．Through
the
window
I
saw
the
girl's
room
was
decorated
with
small
moons
and
small
stars.
6．I
wanted
to
show
the
audience
a
photographic
record
touching
upon
the
uncivilized
life.
强技提能——语言应用
Ⅰ.语法填空
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请按要求补全短文，并背诵该短文。
This
morning，I
planned
to
go
to
the
People's
Park
to
enjoy
myself，1.so
did
Tom.On
seeing
the
sculptures
2.founded(found)
10
years
ago
in
3.memory(memorize)
of
heroes，Tom
couldn't
wait
to
take
pictures.4.Unfortunately(fortunate)，it
was
at
that
moment
5.that
we
found
his
camera
was
gone.Suddenly
he
was
aware
that
he
might
have
left
it
in
the
taxi.I
began
6.to__complain(complain)
about
his
carelessness.Half
an
hour
7.later(late)，the
driver
returned
with
the
camera
and
you
could
imagine
the
broad
smile
spreading
across
Tom's
face
8.beyond
expression.Both
of
us
were
grateful
for
what
the
driver
had
done.9.There
was
no
doubt
that
Tom
insisted
on
taking
a
photo
with
him.10.Judging
(judge)
from
the
look
in
the
picture，he
had
a
lot
of
fun
today.
Ⅱ.书面表达
Step
1.要点提示(黑体字部分要使用本单元所学词汇)
①根据历史文献判断，古代的人兴建了很多著名的建筑物。
Judging_from
the
historical
document，people
in
ancient
times
built_many_famous_buildings.
②有些逐渐成为废墟。另外一些至今仍然存在。
Some
of
them
gradually_fall_into_ruin.Others
remain
today.
③为了纪念这些逝去的文明，有些已经重建或修复。
In_memory_of_these_lost_civilizations，some
of
them
have
been
rebuilt
or
repaired.
④由于像沙尘暴这样的自然灾害，这些仍然存在的建筑遭受到很大的破坏。
Because
there
are
natural_disasters
like
sandstorms，the_remaining
buildings
are
greatly
destroyed.
⑤很多学者在寻找方法保护这些文化遗产。
Many
scholars
are
looking
for
solutions_to_protect_these_cultural__remains.
⑥越来越多的人意识到这些文化遗产的重大意义。他们加入到保护它们的行列中。
More
and
more
people
are_aware_that
the
cultural
relics
are_of_great_
significance.They
join
to
protect
them.
Step
2.表达升级(改变所给句子的结构以使表达升级)
(1)利用连词while升级1中的句②
Some_of_them_gradually_fall_into_ruin_while_others_remain_today.
(2)利用because
of升级1中的句④
Because_of_natural_disasters_like_sandstorms，the_remaining_buildings_are_
greatly_destroyed.
(3)利用连词and升级1中的句⑥
More_and_more_people_are_aware_that_the_cultural_relics_are_of_great_significance_and_join_to_protect_them.
Step
3.衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)
Judging
from
the
historical
document，people
in
ancient
times
built
many
famous
buildings.Unfortunately，some
of
them
gradually
fall
into
ruin
while
others
remain
today.In
memory
of
these
lost
civilizations，some
of
them
have
been
rebuilt
or
repaired.Because
of
natural
disasters
like
sandstorms，the
remaining
buildings
are
greatly
destroyed.Therefore，many
scholars
are
looking
for
solutions
to
protect
these
cultural
remains.To
our
delight，more
and
more
people
are
aware
that
the
cultural
relics
are
of
great
significance
and
join
to
protect
them.
PAGEUnit
1
The
world
of
our
senses
□hearing
n．
□raised
adj.
□dot
n．
□sign
n.
□vase
n.
□fog
n.
□mist
n.
□forecast
vt.&
n.
□conductor
n.
□fare
n.
□foggy
adj.
□overcoat
n.
□glance
vi.&
n.
□nowhere
adv.
□footstep
n.
□wherever
adv.&
conj.
□narrow
adj.
□darkness
n.
□hesitate
vi.
□beard
n.
□crossroads
n.
□firmly
adv.
□grateful
adj.
□helper
n.
□aid
n．&
vt.
□lorry
n.
□pavement
n.
□sniff
vi.&
vt.
□analyse
vt.
□pole
n.
□boot
n.
□sweat
vi.&
n.
□distance
n.
□thunder
n.
□lightning
n.
□triangle
n.
□wave
n．&
vi.&
vt.
□overhead
adv.
□suit
n．&
vt.
□hopeful
adj.
□bite
(bit，bitten)
vt.&
vi.□shark
n.
□jaw
n.
□bull
n.
□contrary
adj.&
n.
□flesh
n.
□jewellery
n.
□attract
vt.
□panic
vi.&
n.
□fist
n.
□pigeon
n.
□soldier
n.
□roll
vi.&
vt.
□loose
adj.&
vt.
□compass
n.
□unlike
prep.
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Some
parents
will
buy
any
high?tech
toy
if
they
think
it
will
help
their
child，but
researchers
said
puzzles
help
children
with
math?related
skills.n.智力玩具
2．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)And
when
he
saw
the
mists
rising
from
the
river
and
the
soft
clouds
surrounding
the
mountain
tops，he
was
reduced
to
tears.vt.使……陷入某种状态中
3．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)
Modern
methods
of
tracking
polar
bear
populations
have
been
employed
only
since
the
mid?1980s，and
are
expensive
to
perform
consistently
over
a
large
area.vt.使用
4．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)
Over
the
years，there
have
been
a
number
of
different
techniques
to
help
designers
approach
this
important
point.vt.着手处理
5．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)
A
grasp
of
how
to
manage
color
in
your
spaces
is
one
of
the
first
steps
to
creating
rooms
you'll
love
to
live
in.n.理解，掌握
6．(2017·北京卷)
For
example，she
received
the
2007
BRICK
Award
recognizing
the
efforts
of
young
people
to
change
the
world.vt.赏识，表彰
7．(2016·江苏卷)However，just
12%
of
disaster?relief
funding
in
the
past
two
decades
has
gone
on
reducing
risks
in
advance，rather
than
recovery
and
rebuilding
afterwards.n.救济；补助
[单词 拼写·运用]
核心单词
语境运用
1．approach
vi.&
vt.靠近；着手处理
n．靠近；方法；路径2．attach
vt.使连在一起，把……附在……上；认为……重要
3．volunteer
n．志愿者
vi.&
vt.自愿做，义务做4．likely
adj.可能的5．whisper
vi.&
vt.小声说；私下说6．stare
vi.凝视，盯着看7．calm
adj.镇静的，沉着的，平静的
vt.&
vi.使平静，镇静8．puzzle
n．谜，疑问
vt.迷惑，使困惑9．reduce
vt.&
vi.减少10．relief
n．轻松，宽慰11．tap
n．&
vt.&
vi.轻拍，轻敲12．grasp
vt.抓紧，抓牢13．recognize
vt.认识，辨认出；意识到；(正式)承认
用所给词的适当形式填空。1．(2020·浙江卷)In
Bellevue，the
switch
to
adaptive
signals
has
been
a
lesson
in
the
value
of
welcoming
new
approaches(approach)．2．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)So
would
you
please
spare
some
time
to
review
the
draft
script
attached(attach)
to
this
email
and
make
necessary
changes?3．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)
Still，most
of
us
volunteers
(volunteer)
breathe
a
sigh
of
relief
when
the
season
comes
to
a
close.4．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)
His
teacher，Thomas
Whaley，is
next
to
him，whispering
(whisper)
support.5．(2019·江苏卷)What
puzzled
(puzzle)
Christiansen
when
he
was
studying
Yellowstone?6．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)So
do
we
dance
in
order
to
make
ourselves
feel
better，calmer(calm)，healthier？
派生单词
语境运用
1．anxious
adj.焦虑，忧虑→anxiously
adv.焦虑地→anxiety
n．焦虑；渴望2．confuse
vt.使糊涂，使迷惑→confused
adj.困惑的→confusing
adj.令人困惑的→confusion
n．迷惑，混淆3．observe
vt.观察；注意到；评论→observer
n．观察者；评论者→observation
n．观察；评论4．disable
v．使(某人)失去能力→disabled
adj.残废的；有缺陷的→disability
n．缺陷；伤残5．employ
vt.使用；雇佣→employer
n．雇用者；雇主→employee
n．受雇者；雇员；雇工→employment
n．职业；雇用；使用6．ignore
vt.忽视；对……不予理会→ignorant
adj.无知的，愚昧的→ignorance
n．愚昧，无知
用所给词的适当形式填空。1．What
you
said
left
all
of
us
in
confusion，that
is，we
were
all
completely
confused
by
your
confusing
words.(confuse)2．My
mother
always
gets
a
bit
anxious
if
we
don't
arrive
when
we
say
we
will.She
will
phone
us
and
share
her
anxiety
with
us.(anxious)3．The
observer
has
been
observing
the
changes
to
the
situation
of
that
region
for
a
long
time，so
his
observation
is
believable.(observe)4．Disabled
though
the
girl
is，she
refuses
to
let
her
disability
prevent
her
from
doing
what
she
wants.(disable)5．The
employer
decided
to
employ
Tom
as
her
secretary
and
she
hoped
to
have
a
talk
with
her
employee
before
she
came
to
work.(employ)6．Owing
to
ignorance
of
the
new
traffic
laws，some
drivers
usually
ignore
the
speed
limits.(ignore)
[短语 理解·运用]
高频短语
语境运用
1．clear_up
(天气)放晴；清理2．in_the_distance
在远处3．glance_at
瞥一眼，匆匆看4．stare_at
盯着看，睁大眼5．to_one's_surprise
使某人惊奇的是
填入一个适当的词。When
the
weather
cleared
①up，we
drove
to
visit
Xi'an's
Wild
Goose
Pagoda.To
②our
surprise，we
saw
a
rainbow
over
the
pagoda
in
③the
distance.We
all
stared
④at
it
excitedly.
6．in_sight
看得到，在视力范围之内7．reach_out
伸出(手)8．watch_out_for
留心，密切注意9．attach_importance_to
认为……很重要
填入一个适当的词。On
a
foggy
morning，Mr.Zhang
could
see
nothing
⑤in
sight，and
was
knocked
down
by
a
running
car.Fortunately，some
passers?by
reached
⑥out
their
hands
to
rush
him
to
the
hospital.The
traffic
accident
warned
pedestrians
to
watch
out
⑦for
cars
when
crossing
a
road.
10．roll_up
卷起来11．wish_for
盼望，企盼12．pay_back
偿还；回报；报复13．work_out
制订出；算出14．make_sense
有意义；讲得通
填入一个适当的词。Mavens
are
people
with
a
lot
of
knowledge
or
experts
in
a
particular
field.They
also
collect
information
to
work
⑧out
new
plans
for
social
developing
trends.People
wish
⑨for
them
to
pass
on
their
knowledge
to
others
without
being
paid
⑩back.
[句式 辨识·运用]
教材原句背诵
句式结构仿写
1．find＋宾语＋宾语补足语Polly
found
herself
staring
up
at
the
face
of
an
old
man
with
a
beard.
(2019·天津卷)
然而，因为我正在成长，我曾经认为简单的世界变得越来越复杂，我发现自己需要一种逃避的方式。Yet，now
that
I'm
growing
and
the
world
I
once
knew
as
being
so
simple
is
becoming
more
complex，I
find__myself_needing_a_way
to
escape.
2．rather
than用于平行结构中，意为“……而不是……”While
having
dinner，listen
to
some
enjoyable
music
rather
than
watch
television.
(2017·浙江卷·满分作文)
由于我们打算爬山，切记一定要穿运动鞋而不要穿皮鞋。As
we
intend
to
climb
mountains，do
be
sure
to
wear
sports_shoes_rather_than_leather_shoes.
3．倍数＋形容词的比较级Don't
be
frightened
by
sharks：you
are
30
times
more
likely
to
be
hit
by
lightning
than
be
attacked
by
a
shark.
无证驾驶的司机发生致命车祸的可能性是有证司机的五倍。Unlicensed
drivers
are
five_times_more_likely
to
be
in
a
fatal
crash
than_licensed_ones.
1．observe
vt.观察；注意到；遵守；庆祝；评论
[高考原句·2020·天津卷]
After
years
of
observing
human
nature，I
have
decided
that
two
qualities
make
the
difference
between
men
of
great
achievement
and
men
of
average
performance：curiosity
and
discontent.
observe
sb.doing
sth.观察/注意到某人正在做某事(强调动作正在进行)observe
sb.do
sth.观察/注意到某人做过某事(强调动作全过程)observe
that
观察到……，注意到……observe
how/what/where＋从句观看了……，观察了……observe
New
Year's
Day/festivals
庆祝元旦/节日
observe
the
reaction
of
the
children
to
these
changes观察孩子对这些变化的反应
observe
someone's
birthday庆祝某人的生日
observe
him
do
otherwise看到他有不同的做法
observe
him
going
out
看见他正走出去
[基础练习]——写出下列句中observe的含义
①Though
having
lived
abroad
for
years，many
Chinese
still
observe
traditional
customs.遵守
②Chinese
people
observe
the
Spring
Festival.庆祝
③The
scientist
devoted
most
of
his
lifetime
to
observing
the
behavior
of
the
chimps.观察
[链接写作]——句式升级
(普通表达)
The
police
observed
the
man
enter
the
bank.
①(高级表达)
The
man
was_observed_to_enter
the
bank
by
the
police.(被动语态)
②(高级表达)
The
police
observed_that
the
man
entered
the
bank.
[名师点津] observe
sb.do
sth.结构如果改成被动语态，应补上省略的to，即sb.be
observed
to
do
sth.。
2．approach
vt.&
vi.靠近，接近；着手处理n.靠近；方法；路径
[高考原句·2020·浙江卷]
So
I
approached
our
uninvited
guest
slowly
and，through
the
fence，sprayed
him
in
the
face.
(1)an
approach
to
sth....(解决)……的方法；到……的通路或途径at
the
approach
of在快到……的时候(2)approach
sb.about
(doing)
sth.与某人接洽(做)某事be
approaching正在/将要接近
try
alternative
approaches
to
the
problem尝试解决这个问题的其他方法
turn
colder
with
the
approach
of
autumn随着秋天的来临天气变得更冷
approach
John
about
having
a
concert
和约翰接洽开音乐会的事
fall
silent
at
the
approach
of
the
teacher老师一来变得鸦雀无声
[基础练习]——写出下列句中approach的含义
①Such
people
are
friendly
and
are
easy
to
approach.接近
②We
will
be
exploring
different
approaches
to
information
gathering.方法
③He
thought
of
several
ways
of
approaching
this
problem.着手处理
[链接写作]——句式升级
(普通表达)
The
time
for
graduation
is
approaching
and
we
are
busy
with
our
papers.
①(高级表达)At_the_approach_of_graduation，we
are
busy
with
our
papers.(approach
n．)
②(高级表达)With_the_time_for_graduation_approaching，we
are
busy
with
our
papers.(用with复合结构)
③(高级表达)As_the_time_for_graduation_is_approaching，we
are
busy
with
our
papers.(用as引导时间状语从句)
[名师点津] approach表示“……的方法/途径”时，后常接介词to；当表示某人或某物的来临时，其后常接介词of。
3．anxious
adj.焦虑，忧虑
(1)be
anxious
about
sb./sth.对某人/某事感到忧虑/担心be
anxious
for
渴望得到某物；担忧be
anxious
to
do
sth.渴望做某事be
anxious
that...(should)
do
sth.渴望……(2)with
anxiety
焦虑地
be
on
the
anxious
seat
坐立不安，如坐针毡
be
extremely
anxious
for
her
safety
极为担心她的安全
be
anxious
to
meet
you
急切地想与你会面
be
anxious
for
everything
to
be
settled
渴望每一件事都安排妥当
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2019·天津卷)She
was
anxious
to_know
(know)
what
had
happened.
②He
was
anxious
about/for
his
family，who
were
travelling
abroad.
③The
couple
are
waiting
for
their
daughter's
reply
with
anxiety.
[链接写作]——句式升级
①(普通表达)I
was
told
the
Learning
Center
provides
help
for
students
and
I'm
anxious
to
get
help
from
you.
(高级表达)I
was
told
the
Learning
Center
provides
help
for
students
and
I'm
anxious
that
I_(should)_get_help
from
you.
②(普通表达)She
looked
at
her
sick
child
and
was
very
anxious.
(高级表达)She
looked
at
her
sick
child，very_anxious.(用形容词作状语)
[名师点津] 表示渴望做某事或渴望得到某物的常用短语还有：
①long/desire/be
eager/be
dying
to
do
sth.渴望做某事
②long/desire/be
eager/be
dying
for
sth.渴望得到某物
4．relief
n．轻松，宽慰；(痛苦、忧虑等的)解除，减轻；救济
(1)in/with
relief
如释重负；松了口气to
one's
relief
令人感到欣慰的是It's
a
relief
to
do
sth.做某事是令人欣慰的What
a
relief！可轻松了！/真叫人宽慰！(2)relieve
vt.使轻松，宽慰；缓解relieve
sb.of...解除某人……方面的负担
a
huge
relief
to
her
对她来说是个莫大安慰
smile
in/with
relief舒心地笑了
breathe
a
sigh
of
relief如释重负地松了一口气
give
a
patient
relief
from
pain使病人减轻痛苦
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①The
passengers
all
sighed
with/in
relief
when
the
plane
finally
landed
safely.
②Oh，what
a
relief!
Thank
you
very
much
for
your
help.
③It
is
a
great
relief
to_know(know)
you're
safe.
[链接写作]——完成句子
令我感到欣慰的是，这种从美国买来的新药能缓解他腿伤的疼痛。
To_my_relief，the
new
medicine
bought
from
US
helped
relieve_him_of
the
pain
of
his
injured
leg.
5．recognize
vt.认识，辨认出；意识到；(正式)承认
[高考原句·2020·全国卷Ⅰ]
Recognize
all
of
your
strengths.Write
them
down
in
a
journal.
(1)recognize
sb./sth.by/from...根据……认出某人/物be
recognized
to
be/as...被认为是……recognize
that...意识到……It's
(generally)
recognized
that...人们公认……(2)out
of/beyond
recognition
认不出来
recognize
the
calls
of
different
birds
识别不同鸟类的鸣叫
recognize
the
man
as
one
of
the
police
officers认出那个人是其中一名警察
recognize
them
from
a
television
show从一个电视节目上认出了他们
recognize
the
danger
to
health
of
passive
smoking认识到被动吸烟对身体的危害
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Although
he
hadn't
seen
his
friend
Jack
for
years，he
recognized
him
by/from
his
voice.
②(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)
Since
1958，they
have
been
recognised
as
the
national
theatre
of
Israel.
③(2019·江苏卷)
China's
image
is
improving
steadily，with
more
countries
recognizing(recognize)
its
role
in
international
affairs.
[链接写作]——句式升级
(普通表达)
Traffic
jam
is
recognized
as/to
be
one
serious
problem
to
citizens.
(高级表达)It_is_recognized_that
traffic
jam
is
one
serious
problem
to
citizens.(it作形式主语)
6．attach
vt.使连在一起，把……附在……上；认为……重要
[高考原句·2020·全国卷Ⅱ]
She
is
trying
to
come
up
with
a
label
to
attach
to
nutria
fashions
to
show
it
is
eco?friendly.
(1)attach...to...把……附加在……上attach
importance/significance/value
to...重视……；认为……重要/有意义/有价值
(to为介词)(2)attached
adj.附属的；依恋的；爱慕的be
attached
to...附属于；依恋于；爱慕(3)attachment
n．附属物；附件
attach
labels
to
the
luggage把标签贴在行李上
attach
his
horse
to
a
tree
将他的马拴在树上
be
attached
to
that
university附属于那所大学
attach
too
much
importance
to
new
ideas
很看重新观念
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Father
asked
me
to
attach
a
stamp
to
the
envelope
and
mail
it.
②Parents
should
attach
significance
to
developing(develop)
children's
good
habits
in
life.
[链接写作]——句式升级
(普通表达)He
is
so
attached
to
the
network
games
that
he
often
plays
truant(逃课)．
①(高级表达)So_attached_to_the_network_games，he
often
plays
truant.(用过去分词短语作状语)
②(高级表达)Attaching_himself_to_the_network_games_so_much，he
often
plays
truant.(用现在分词短语作状语)
③(高级表达)So_attached_to_the_network_games_is_he
that
he
often
plays
truant.(用倒装句)
7．likely
adj.可能的
[高考原句·2020·全国卷Ⅱ]
They
are
likely
to
play
with
tougher
puzzles.
be
likely
to
do
sth.可能做某事It's
likely
that...可能……not
likely
不可能as
likely
as
not很可能；说不定
a
likely
young
man一个有希望的青年
be
hardly
likely
to
get
home
before
ten
几乎不可能在10
点以前到家
succeed
as
likely
as
not
很可能会成功
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①You
are
likely
to_suffer(suffer)
from
bad
health
if
you
keep
smoking.
②It
is
likely
that
these
old
buildings
will
be
knocked
down
in
a
year
or
two.
[链接写作]——句式升级
(普通表达)It
is
possible
for
me
to
go
there
next
week.
①(高级表达)
I_am_likely_to_go
there
next
week.(likely＋不定式)
②(高级表达)It's_likely_that_I_will_go
there
next
week.(likely＋从句)
8．employ
vt.使用；雇佣
(1)employ...as...雇佣……为……employ
sb.to
do
sth.雇佣某人做某事employ
oneself
in
doing
sth.(＝be
employed
in
doing
sth.)
忙于做某事(2)in
employment在工作in
the
employment
of
受雇于
employ
the
new
method
采用那个新方法
be
employed
in
a
bank
在一家银行任职
employ
oneself
(in)
teaching
English
从事英语教学工作
employ
specialists
to
do
the
market
research请专家做市场调研
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Most
of
the
newcomers
are_employed(employ)
in
developing
the
technology
into
a
product
now.
②The
number
of
men
and
women
in
employment
is
now
almost
equal.
[链接写作]——词汇升级
(普通表达)
More
scientists
are
busy
with
studies
to
develop
new
medicines.
(高级表达)
More
scientists
are_employed_in/are_employing_themselves_in
studies
to
develop
new
medicines.
9．in/within
sight看得到，在视力范围之内
out
of
sight
看不见at
the
sight
of...一看见……at
first
sight
初看时，乍一看come
in
sight
of
sb./sth.看见某人/物come
into
sight
进入视野catch
sight
of
sth.看见某物lose
sight
of
sb./sth.看不见某人/物lose
one's
sight失明
be
nowhere
in
sight
无影无踪
at
the
sight
of
the
photo
一看到那张照片
go
out
of
sight
suddenly
突然不见了
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①And，as
in
a
nightmare，there
was
nobody
in/within
sight
to
help
me.
②At
first
sight
the
house
appeared
to
be
empty
than
it
really
is.
[链接写作]——完成句子
刚才我看见了我以前的老师，但是他在拐角处转弯了，我就看不见他了。
Just
now
I
came
in
sight
of
my
former
teacher，but
he
turned
at
a
corner
and
I__lost_sight_of
him.
10．reach
out伸出(手)，伸手拿
(1)reach
(out
one's
hand)
for
sth.伸手去拿/够某物(2)within
one's
reach(＝within
the
reach
of
sb.)
够得到/在某人能力范围之内beyond/out
of
one's
reach(＝beyond/out
of
the
reach
of
sb.)
够不到/力所不及
keep
all
medicines
out
of
the
reach
of
children把所有的药放到孩子们够不着的地方
be
within
easy
reach
of
the
shops
离商店很近
reach
for
the
telephone
and
picked
it
up
伸手拿起了电话
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①He
reached
out
his
right
hand
for
a
book
on
the
shelf
above
his
head.
②You
should
leave
your
keys
within
your
reach.
[链接写作]——一句多译
这种新款汽车很贵，超出了普通收入人群的购买力。
①This
new
model
of
car
is
so
expensive
that
it
is
out_of_the_reach_of
those
with
common
income.(out
of)
②This
new
model
of
car
is
so
expensive
that
it
is
beyond_the_reach_of
those
with
common
income.(beyond)
11．watch
out
for当心，留心，密切注意
(1)watch
over
看守；监视；照顾(2)be
on
the
watch
for
留神；注意；警戒keep
watch
值班；放哨keep
(a)
watch
on
监视on
watch
值班；守望
watch
out
for
cars
当心车辆
be
on
the
watch
for
thieves
in
this
crowd提防人群中有小偷
keep
a
close
watch
on
her
严加看管她
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①It
would
be
better
if
you
keep
watching
over
yourself.
②The
government
is
keeping
a
close
watch
on
how
the
situation
develops.
[链接写作]——完成句子
在山谷远足时，小心毒蛇。
Watch_out_for_poisonous_snakes
while
hiking
in
the
valley.
[联想发散] 表示“当心，留神”的短语还有：look
out
(for)；take
care；be
careful等。
12．(教材P3)
Polly
found
herself
staring
up
at
the
face
of
an
old
man
with
a
beard.波莉抬头看去，发现是一位长着络腮胡子的老人。
[句型公式] 句中found
herself
staring
up为“find
oneself＋宾语补足语(v.?ing形式)”结构。
“find
oneself＋宾语补足语”表示“(意外地)发现(处于某状态、在做某事)”，宾语除oneself以外，还可以是sb./sth.，该结构的具体形式为：
find＋宾语＋
[金句推送] (2019·天津卷)I
often
found
myself
telling
my
mom
to
drive
more
slowly，so
that
I
could
read
all
of
the
road
signs
we
passed.
我经常告诉妈妈开慢点，这样我就能看清我们经过的所有路标。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①When
he
came
to
himself，he
found
himself
surrounded(surround)
by
a
group
of
boys.
②We
went
to
the
shopping
centre
and
found
thousands
of
people
moving
(move)
up
and
down.
③We
came
home
and
found_him_asleep_on_the_sofa(发现他在沙发上睡着了)．
[链接写作]——一句多译
她醒来发现自己躺在医院的床上。
①She
woke
up
and
found
herself
lying_in_a_hospital_bed.(lie)
②She
woke
up
and
found
herself
in_a_hospital_bed.(in)
13．(教材P18)
...you
are
30
times
more
likely
to
be
hit
by
lightning
than
be
attacked
by
a
shark.……你被闪电击中的几率可能是被鲨鱼袭击的几率的30倍。
[句型公式] 句中“30
times
more
likely...than...”是一种倍数表达法。
表示“几倍于……”时，常用下列结构：
(1)A＋倍数＋as＋形容词/副词原级＋as＋B
(2)A＋倍数＋形容词/副词比较级＋than＋B
(3)A＋倍数＋the＋名词(size，weight，length，width，height...)＋of＋B
(4)倍数＋what从句
(5)The＋名词(size，weight，length，width，height...)
of
A＋be＋倍数＋that/those
of
B
[金句推送] (2018·全国卷Ⅲ·满分作文)Our
new
school
stadium
covers
an
area
of
about
400
square
meters，which
is
three
times
the
size
of
the
old
one.
我们学校的新体育馆占地面积约400平方米，是旧体育馆的三倍大。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①The
production
now
is
three
times
what
it
was
ten
years
ago.
②After
looking
at
the
map，he
finds
this
street
is
four
times
the
length
(long)
of
that
street.
[链接写作]——一句多译
正在修建的新体育馆将是现在的三倍大。
①The
new
stadium
being
built
will
be
three_times_as_big_as
the
present
one.(big)
②The
new
stadium
being
built
will
be
three_times_bigger_than
the
present
one.(bigger)
③The
new
stadium
being
built
will
be
three_times_the_size_of
the
present
one.(size)
④The
size
of
the
new
stadium
being
built
will
be
three_times_that_of
the
present
one.(that)
[名师点津] ①表示两倍用twice或double，三倍及以上用“数词＋times”。
②前面的倍数还可以是分数、百分数、小数或a
quarter，half等。
夯基固本——基础强化
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．She
observed(observe)
that
all
the
chairs
were
already
occupied.
2．We
need
to
try
other
approaches(approach)
to
the
problem.
3．People
who
receive
kindness
are
likely
to_offer
(offer)
it
to
others.
4．Glancing
(glance)
at
the
clock
on
the
wall，she
found
that
she
was
late.
5．Her
family
was
poor，so
the
girl
was
anxious
to_finish
(finish)
school
and
get
a
job.
6．You
should
have
your
photo
attached
(attach)
to
the
application
before
handing
it
in.
7．Drugs
were
not
recognized
to_be(be)
a
problem
then.
8．When
she
came
into
the
room，she
found
them
sitting(sit)
together
singing.
9．Time
is
running
out.It's
likely(like)
that
we'll
miss
the
deadline.
10．They
believe，for
example，that
their
employees
(employ)
need
constant
supervision
if
they
are
to
work
effectively.
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．Be
careful！Watch
out
for
cyclists
and
other
runners.
2．We
find
it
important
to
let
students
have
enough
sleep.
3．At
first
sight，there
is
nothing
special
about
the
watch，but
in
fact
it
is
a
mobile
phone.
4．It
is
a
relief
to
see
so
many
articles
and
statements
reflecting
lessons
learnt
from
Iraq.
5．Bend
your
knees
slightly
and
reach
out
your
arms
like
tree
branches，naturally
and
softly.
Ⅲ.在下列句子中找出一处错误并改正。
1．At
the
meeting
they
discussed
three
different
approaches
for
the
study
of
mathematics.for→to
2．It
recognized
that
listening
to
music
is
of
great
benefit.It后加is
3．A
secretary
was
hired
to
relieve
her
from
some
of
the
administrative
work.
from→of
4．The
mother
was
standing
at
the
gate，anxiously
to
see
her
son.
anxiously→anxious
5．He
couldn't
make
himself
hearing
above
the
noise
of
the
traffic.
hearing→heard
查缺补漏——知识拾遗
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．The
storm
left，causing(cause)
a
lot
of
damage
to
the
area.
2．Mrs.Carson
is
firmly
(firm)
convinced
that
the
education
her
son
has
received
will
enable
him
to
be
a
useful
man.
3．Some
people
are
rather
proud
of
not
being
ignorant(ignore)
of
such
an
important
matter.
4．The
musicians
kept
playing
during
the
fire
probably
because
they
wanted
to
keep
the
crowd
from
panicking(panic)．
5．This
helps
your
body
receive
a
signal
to
relax.Then
you
can
calm
yourself(you)
down
and
get
centered.
6．The
young
man
volunteered
to_stop(stop)
the
drunken
man
from
fighting.
7．I
aided(aid)
him
in
doing
his
research
while
I
was
at
college.
8．If
students
get
hungry
on
the
long
drives
to
and
from
school，Wilson
never
hesitates
to_buy(buy)
them
a
meal.
9．We
felt
confused(confuse)
with
the
difficult
question.
10．It
makes
no
sense
to_play(play)
computer
games
all
day
long.
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．The
rain
was
heavy，but
contrary
to
our
fears，our
fields
were
not
flooded.
2．The
length
of
the
road
is
four
times
what
it
was
three
years
ago.
3．The
protests
became
more
violent
and
many
people
were
panicked
into
leaving
the
country.
4．“Where
are
we
going？”
he
asked
in
a
whisper.
5．A
good
teacher
suits
his
lessons
to
the
age
of
his
pupils.
6．With
the
aid
of
Mr.Liu，I
made
great
progress
in
speaking
English.
强技提能——语言应用
Ⅰ.语法填空
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请按要求补全短文，并背诵该短文。
Lin
Lin
is
a
schoolgirl
who
takes
new
approaches
1.to
her
lessons
because
she
2.attaches(attach)
importance
to
the
study.Once
a
schedule
is
made，by
strictly
3.observing(observe)
it，she
can
avoid
putting
off
what
should
be
done
till
tomorrow.
But
she
is
not
good
at
maths.So
she
is
4.anxious(anxiety)
about
the
coming
exam.
Last
night，Lin
Lin
had
a
very
bad
dream.In
her
dream，she
5.hesitated(hesitate)
to
write
the
answer
to
the
6.confusing(confuse)
question
and
failed
the
maths
exam.As
7.a
result，her
mother
punished
her
by
asking
her
to
kneel
down.What
was
8.worse(bad)，all
her
classmates
laughed
at
her，saying，“Ha!
Ha!
How
stupid
you
are！”
It
is
very
likely
9.that
they
will
not
agree
to
her
studying
methods.
How
sad
Lin
Lin
was
feeling
then!
Suddenly
she
woke
up.She
felt
10.relieved(relieve)
that
it
was
only
a
dream.
Ⅱ.书面表达
Step
1.要点提示(黑体字部分要使用本单元所学词汇)
①我们很重视我们的五种感觉，并充分利用它们来感知世界。
We
attach_great_importance_to
our
five
senses
and
make
use
of
them
to
sense
the
world.
②一旦丧失了其中的一种感觉，我们就会被看成是残疾人。
Once
we
lose
one
of
the
senses，we
will_be_recognized_as__people_with
_disabilities.
③我们或许会看不到周围的任何东西，或许任何声音都不能引起我们的注意。
We
may
not
catch_sight_of_anything
around
us，or
no
sound
can
attract_our_
attention.
④我们无论在什么地方，都要当心我们的感觉，减少受伤害的机会。
Wherever
we
are，we
should_watch_out_for_our_senses
and
reduce_the_
chance_of_being_hurt.
⑤我们要毫不犹豫地伸出援手帮助需要帮助的人。
We
should
not
hesitate_to_reach_out_to_help_people
in
need.
Step
2.表达升级(改变所给句子的结构以使表达升级)
(1)利用as
everyone
knows和which引导非限制性定语从句升级1中的句①
As_everyone_knows，we_attach_great_importance_to_our_five_senses，which_we_can_make_use_of_to_sense_the__world.
(2)利用状语从句的省略形式升级1中的句②
Once_losing_one_of_the__senses，we_will_be_recognized_as_people_with_
disabilities.
Step
3.衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)
As
everyone
knows，we
attach
great
importance
to
our
five
senses，which
we
can
make
use
of
to
sense
the
world.Once
losing
one
of
the
senses，we
will
be
recognized
as
people
with
disabilities.We
may
not
catch
sight
of
anything
around
us，or
no
sound
can
attract
our
attention.Therefore，wherever
we
are，we
should
watch
out
for
our
senses
and
reduce
the
chance
of
being
hurt.At
the
same
time，we
should
not
hesitate
to
reach
out
to
help
people
in
need.
PAGEUnit
2
Language
□vocabulary
n．
□nowadays
adv.
□mainland
n．
□mixture
n.
□aside
adv.
□official
adj.
□phrase
n.
□entire
adj.
□servant
n.
□therefore
adv.
□mutton
n.
□bacon
n.
□plural
n．&
adj.
□high?class
adj.
□Greek
adj.&
n.
□process
n.
□distinction
n.
□spelling
n.
□accent
n.
□pure
adj.
□unique
adj.
□character
n.
□bark
n．&
vi.
□racial
adj.
□gentle
adj.
□backwards
adv.
□custom
n.
□mistaken
adj.
□alphabet
n.
□deed
n.
□writing
n.
□hunt
vi.&
vt.
□appearance
n.
□drawing
n.
□combine
vt.&
vi.
□indicate
vt.
□shortcoming
n.
□ink
n.
□eyesight
n.
□wire
n.
□battle
n．&
vi.
□pattern
n.
□drag
vt.
□practical
adj.
□thus
adv.
□typewriter
n.
□version
n.
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Nicolo
and
another
bidder
battled
until
Nicolo
finally
won
the
paintings
for
$32.vi.竞争
2．(2020·江苏卷)Chinese
customs
began
NAT
(核酸检测)
on
inbound
arrivals
at
all
points
of
entry.n.海关
3．(2019·天津卷)My
progress
in
reading
raised
my
curiosity，and
I
wanted
to
know
everything.vt.增加；提升
4．(2018·北京卷)Now
Mr.Anderson
has
set
up
an
online
campaign
to
raise
money
for
Mr.Smith
and
other
homeless
people
in
the
area，which
by
yesterday
had
received
￡8,000.vt.募集
5．(2018·浙江卷)
The
steam?powered
printing
press
was
still
in
its
early
stages；the
literacy
(识字)
rate
in
England
was
under
50%.n.印刷机
6．(2018·天津卷)Future
3D
food
printers
could
make
processed
food
healthier.
vt.加工，处理
7．(2018·北京卷)Anger
is
rarely
looked
upon
as
a
beneficial
character
trait，and
is
usually
advised
to
reduce
it.n.性格；个性
[单词 拼写·运用]
核心单词
语境运用
1．occupy
vt.占领；占用(时间、空间等)2．consist
vi.组成，构成3．raise
vt.养育，培养；举起；增加，提高；筹募；提及
用所给词的适当形式填空。1．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)
We're
thinking
about
how
we
can
engineer
plants
to_replace(replace)
functions
of
the
things
that
we
use
every
day...
核心单词
语境运用
4．conclusion
n．结论；推论5．replace
vt.替换，代替，取代6．defeat
vt.击败，战胜7．ban
vt.&
n．禁止；取缔8．distinguish
vt.区分，辨别；使具有某种特征9．interrupt
vi.&
vt.插嘴，打断，暂停10．represent
vt.代表；展示，描绘
2.(2019·浙江卷)Rock
music
consists
(consist)
of
many
different
styles.3．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)This
indicates
that
there
is
a
certain
way
quantity
is_represented
(represent)
in
their
brains.4．I'm
glad
you
raised(raise)the
subject
of
money.5．The
child
is
perfectly
capable
of
distinguishing(distinguish)
reality
from
fantasy.6．In
the
USA
a
growing
number
of
states
have
adopted
laws
to_ban
(ban)
throwing
e?waste.
派生单词
语境运用
1．access
vt.进入；使用
n．通道；(使用的)机会，权利→accessible
adj.可到达的；可接近的2．differ
vi.相异，有区别→different
adj.不同的→difference
n．不同3．contribute
vt.&
vi.贡献→contribution
n．贡献，促成因素；捐赠4．concern
n．关心；忧虑
vt.涉及；使担忧；对……感兴趣→concerned
adj.担心的，关心的→concerning
prep.关于5．embarrass
vt.使尴尬，使难堪→embarrassing
adj.令人难堪的，使人尴尬的→embarrassed
adj.感到尴尬的，难堪的6．convenient
adj.方便的→convenience
n．方便→conveniently
adv.方便地，附近地
用所给词的适当形式填空。1．He
showed
concern
for
agriculture
and
wrote
two
essays
concerning
it，but
he
was
concerned
that
neither
could
be
published.(concern)2．My
most
embarrassing
moment
was
when
I
tried
to
introduce
a
woman
whose
name
I
couldn't
remember，and
it
also
made
the
woman
embarrassed.(embarrass)3．My
house
is
conveniently
located
just
off
the
High
Street.It's
convenient
for
you
to
drop
in.Please
come
at
your
convenience.(convenient)4．Free
Internet
access
at
home
is
a
huge
step
in
making
online
education
accessible
to
everybody.(access)5．From
the
appearance，we
can
not
tell
the
differences
between
the
twins，though
they
always
have
some
different
ideas.As
for
this
phenomenon，ideas
differ
among
many
people.(differ)6．WHO
welcomes
China's
contribution
of
mobile
laboratory
to
west
Africa
against
Ebola，which
can
contribute
to
fighting
the
disease.(contribute)
[短语 理解·运用]
高频短语
语境运用
1．lead_to
导致2．aside_from除……之外3．name_after
以……命名4．differ_from
和……不同，不同于5．make_fun_of
取笑6．consist_of/be_made_up_of
由……组成(构成)
填入一个适当的词。As
we
all
know，English
differs
①from
Chinese
although
it
is
made
up
②of
grammar
and
vocabulary.At
first
I
found
it
hard
to
learn
English.Aside
③from
my
limited
vocabulary，I
had
difficulty
understanding
grammar，which
led
④to
my
poor
results.Then
with
the
help
of
my
teacher
and
classmates
I
made
rapid
progress
in
learning
English.
7．stand_for
代表，象征8．at_one_time
曾经，一度；一次9．gain_access_to
接近；利用……的机会10．take...into_consideration
考虑……11．make_contributions_to
对……做出贡献
填入一个适当的词。Michael
Herr
was
the
author
of
Dispatches
(1977)，the
best
book
about
the
Vietnam
war.Herr
also
made
contributions
⑤to
two
of
the
best
films
on
the
war，Apocalypse
Now
and
Full
Metal
Jacket.⑥At
one
time
he
gained
access
⑦to
Vietnam
as
a
correspondent
for
Esquire
magazine.In
his
book，he
shared
their
discomforts
and
their
fears，witnessed
their
death
and
recorded
their
language.
12．as_a_whole作为整体，总体上13．ought_to
应当，应该14．take_control_of
控制，取得对……的控制15．go_through
经历；浏览，仔细检查
填入一个适当的词。As
⑧a
whole，extensive
reading
is
useful
for
English
learning.I
used
to
go
⑨through
English
newspapers
and
magazines.I
picked
up
some
words
while
reading.Therefore，we
ought
⑩to
do
more
reading
to
improve
our
English.
[句式 辨识·运用]
教材原句背诵
句式结构仿写
1．why引导表语从句That
is
why
English
has
so
many
difficult
rules
that
confuse
people.
(2019·浙江卷)
那正是为什么一个吃垃圾的法国人引起了我们的注意。And
that's
precisely
why_one_garbage?eating_Frenchman_has_caught_our_attention.
2．sth.＋be＋adj.＋to
doThe
question
of
whether
English
will
keep
on
changing
in
the
future
is
easy
to
answer.
(2019·北京卷)
信誉很难获得，但很容易失去，从现在开始，问题只会变得更加严重。Credibility
is_hard_to_earn
but
easy_to_lose，and
the
problem
is
only
going
to
get
harder
from
here
on
out.
3．be
of＋抽象名词While
the
students
found
the
soldier's
idea
interesting，the
system
was
too
difficult
to
be
of
practical
use.
(2017·全国卷Ⅱ·满分作文)我认为这对你看剪纸展览有很大的用处。I
think
it
is_of_great_use
for
you
to
visit
the
paper?cutting
exhibition.
1．occupy
vt.占领；占用(时间、空间等)；使忙碌
[高考原句·2020·天津卷]
It
encourages
us
to
occupy
our
own
little
corner，to
avoid
foolish
leaps
into
the
dark，to
be
satisfied.
(1)occupy
oneself
with
sth./in
doing
sth.忙于(做)某事(2)occupied
adj.忙碌的；占用的be
occupied
(in)
doing
sth.忙于做某事be
occupied
with
sth.从事/忙于某事(3)occupation
n．占领；职业，工作
be
occupied
in
building
new
houses
忙于盖新房子
occupy
oneself
in
packing
the
car
忙着装车
be
much
occupied
with
affairs
of
state
忙于国事
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①As
the
final
exam
is
drawing
near，all
the
students
are
occupied
(occupy)
with
their
review.
②I
was
fully
occupied
in
repairing
(repair)
some
old
tools，so
I
didn't
attend
my
friend's
party
last
Friday.
[链接写作]——句式升级
(普通表达)She
was
occupied
in
doing
housework
all
day，so
she
was
tired
out.
①(高级表达)
Occupied_in_doing_housework
all
day，she
was
tired
out.(用形容词短语作状语)
②(高级表达)Occupying_herself_in_doing_housework
all
day，she
was
tired
out.(用现在分词短语作状语)
[名师点津] “忙于(做)某事”的其他常用结构还有：
be
busy/engaged
with
sth.；be
busy/engaged
(in)
doing
sth.等。
2．replace
vt.替换，代替，取代；把……放回原处
[高考原句·2020·全国卷Ⅰ]
We're
thinking
about
how
we
can
engineer
plants
to
replace
functions
of
the
things
that
we
use
every
day.
(1)replace
A
with/by
B 用B取代Areplace
sb.as...取代某人成为……(2)take
the
place
of
sb.(＝take
sb.'s
place)
代替某人in
place
of
代替(3)replacement
n．代替，取代；更换；替代的人(物)
replace
coal
by/with
gas用煤气代替煤
replace
me
as
goal?keeper
代替我当守门员
replace
people
in
this
work
代替人做这项工作
get
a
replacement
for
him
找一个人代替他
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①I'm
going
to
replace
my
old
car
with/by
a
new
one.
②The
manager
replaced
Bob
as
chairman
of
the
company.
[链接写作]——一句多译
我们的班长将代替我们的班主任参加会议。
①Our
monitor
will
replace_our_class_adviser
to
attend
the
meeting.(replace)
②Our
monitor
will
take_the_place_of_our_class_adviser
to
attend
the
meeting.(take
the
place
of)
③Our
monitor
will
attend
the
meeting
in_place_of_our_class_adviser.(in
place
of)
3．raise
vt.抚养，养育，培养；饲养(家畜)；种植；提高，增加；举起；筹集(资金)；筹募；提及
raise
sb.to
sb.'s
feet
让某人站起来raise
money
for...为……筹款
raise
one's
courage使某人鼓起勇气
raise
the
people's
living
standards
提高人民的生活水平
raise
a
captain
to
the
rank
of
major把上尉提升为少校
[基础练习]——写出下列句中raise的含义
①I
raised
my
left
arm
to
protect
my
face.举起
②Both
of
the
parents
work
in
order
to
earn
enough
money
to
raise
their
children.抚养，养育
③Two
incidents
in
recent
days
have
raised
the
level
of
concern.
提高，增加
④A
lot
of
money
has
been
raised
to
help
poor
children
to
finish
school.筹集
[链接写作]——完成句子
每年我们都有慈善日为不幸的人们筹款。
Every
year
we
have
charity
days
to_raise_money_for
unfortunate
people.
4．concern
n．关心；关注；忧虑vt.涉及；使担忧；对……感兴趣
[高考原句·2020·全国卷Ⅲ]
My
mom
is
really
concerned
with
the
health
of
everyone
in
our
family.
(1)concern
for/about...对于……的担心concern
oneself
with/about
(对……)感兴趣show/express
concern
about/for...对……表示关心/担心(2)be
concerned
with...与……有关，涉及be
concerned
about/for/that...关心……，担心/忧……so/as
far
as...be
concerned
就……而言
feel
some
concern
for
her
safety
有点担心她的安全
out
of
concern
for
her
health出于对她健康的关心
be
concerned
about
helping
the
old
关心帮助老年人
concern
oneself
with
making
something
that
children
enjoy对制作孩子们喜欢的东西感兴趣
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①
Concerning(concern)
the
toll
free
policy
on
the
express
way，what
concerns
(concern)
us
most
is
the
traffic
jam
while
some
concern
for/about
the
safety.
②All
the
people
concerned(concern)
with
the
case
will
be
questioned
by
the
police.
[链接写作]——词汇升级
(普通表达)In
my
opinion，it's
wise
not
to
spend
much
time
playing
with
smartphones.
(高级表达)As/So_far_as_I_am_concerned，it's
wise
not
to
spend
much
time
playing
with
smartphones.(concern)
5．access
vt.进入；接近；使用n.通道；(使用的)机会，权利
[高考原句·2020·全国卷Ⅰ]
Many
stations
have
wheelchair
access
from
the
car
park
or
entrance
to
the
station
platforms.
(1)access
to...进入……的通道/入口have/get/gain
access
to...拥有……的机会/权利；可以接近；进入give
access
to准许进入(接近)(2)be
accessible
to
容易得到的；可使用的
a
man
of
easy
access易于接近的人；平易近人的人
without
easy
access
to
shops
到商店购物十分不便
have
equal
access
to
education
and
employment
有平等的受教育和工作的权利
have
free
access
to
the
library
自由使用图书馆
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①The
facilities
have
been
adapted
to
give
access
to
wheelchair
users.
②(2017·北京卷)People
have
better
access
to
health
care
than
they
used
to，and
they're
living
longer
as
a
result.
[链接写作]——一句多译
药品应该放在孩子们够不着的地方。
①Medicine
should
be
kept
where
it
is_out_of_children's_reach.(reach)
②Medicine
should
not
be
kept
where
it
is_accessible_to_children.(accessible)
③Medicine
should
not
be
kept
where
children
have/get/gain_access_to_it.
(access)
[名师点津] access的本意是“通道，入口”，侧重进入的手段与途径，一般用作不可数名词。其引申义可指“接近或取得……的方法、手段、权力等”，常与介词to连用。
6．differ
vi.相异，有区别
[高考原句·2020·全国卷Ⅱ]How
do
boys
differ
from
girls
in
puzzle
play?
(1)differ
from
sb./sth.(in...)
(在……方面)与某人/某物不同differ
(with
sb.)
on/about/over
sth.在……上(和某人)有分歧/异议(2)be
different
from...(in...)
(在……方面)与……不同(3)make
a
difference
to
对……起作用/产生影响make
no
difference
不起作用，没有影响
differ
in
size
and
shape
大小和形状都不一样
differ
with
him
over
details
of
the
plan与他在计划的细节上有分歧
differ
about
where
to
go关于到哪里去有不同的意见
differ
greatly
from
French
in
pronunciation
在发音方面和法语大不相同
[基础练习]——语段语法填空
They
are
twins
but
they
are
different
from
each
other
in
their
habits
and
they
also
differ
from
each
other
in
many
behaviours.But
it
makes
no
difference
to
their
life.
[链接写作]——一句多译
英式英语和美式英语在发音和拼写方面有明显的区别。
①British
English
differs_obviously_from
American
English
in
pronunciation
and
spelling.(differ)
②British
English
is_obviously_different_from
American
English
in
pronunciation
and
spelling.(different)
③There
are
obvious_differences_between_British_English_and_American
_English
in
pronunciation
and
spelling.(difference)
7．distinguish
vt.区分，辨别；使具有某种特征
(1)distinguish(＝tell)
A
from
B/between
A
and
B
把A和B分开distinguish
oneself
(as)
(作为……)而出名；使自己出众(2)distinguished
adj.著名的；有尊严的be
distinguished(＝famous/well?known)
for
因……而著名
distinguish
between
cause
and
effect
区分因果
distinguish
right
from
wrong明辨是非
distinguish
good
from
evil分辨善恶
distinguish
oneself
in
physics在物理方面享有盛名
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2019·北京卷)This
task
interdependence
distinguishes
baseball
from
football
and
basketball.
②The
Chinese
nation
is
distinguished
(distinguish)
for
its
diligence
and
courage.
③Lang
Ping
has
already
distinguished
herself
as
a
great
volleyball
coach
in
the
world.
[链接写作]——一句多译
它们甚至能分辨出母亲的声音和一个雌性陌生者的声音。
①They
can
even
distinguish__their_mother's_voice_from_that_of_a_female_
stranger.(from)
②They
can
even
_distinguish_between_their_mother's_voice_and_that_of_a_
female_stranger.(between)
8．convenient
adj.便利的，方便的；附近的
(1)It's
convenient
(for
sb.)
to
do
sth.(某人)方便做某事be
convenient
for
sth./sb.某物/对某人来说是方便的be
convenient
for/to
sth.离……近(2)for
convenience
为了方便起见for
sb.'s
convenience(＝for
the
convenience
of
sb.)
为了方便某人at
one's
convenience
在某人方便时
arrange
a
convenient
time
and
place
for
the
meeting
安排一个合适的时间和地点开会
be
very
convenient
for
long?distance
travel
对于长途旅行很方便
telephone
me
at
your
convenience
在方便时给我来个电话
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Would
it
be
convenient
for
you
to_pick(pick)
me
up
at
four
o'clock
and
take
me
to
the
airport?
②England
is
the
largest
of
the
four
countries，and
for
convenience
it
is
divided
roughly
into
three
zones.
[链接写作]——一句多译
你能不能在方便时给我打个电话，安排一次会面？
①Can
you
telephone
me
at_your_convenience
to
arrange
a
meeting?
(convenience)
②Can
you
telephone
me
to
arrange
a
meeting
when_it_is_convenient_for_you?
(convenient)
[名师点津] “当你方便的时候”应译成when
it
is
convenient
for
you或at
your
convenience，不说when
you
are
convenient。
9．consist
of(＝be
made
up
of＝be
composed
of)由……组成(构成)
(1)consist
in(＝lie
in)
存在于……；在于……consist
with
一致；符合(2)consistent
adj.相容的，一致的be
consistent
with
和……一致/相符
consist
with
all
known
facts与全部已知事实相符
consist
in
whole?hearted
devotion
to
public
interests存在于一心为公
consist
of
ten
required
modules
and
five
optional
modules
包括十个必修单元和五个选修单元
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①The
beauty
of
the
city
consists
in
the
unique
style
of
its
buildings.
②The
rescue
team
consisting(consist)
of
the
PLA
soldiers
and
local
policemen
fought
against
the
flood
day
and
night.
[链接写作]——一句多译
如果你言行不一，这将对你的孩子有不好的影响。
①If
what
you
say
doesn't_consist_with_what_you_do，it
will
have
a
bad
effect
on
your
children.(consist)
②If
what
you
say
is_not_consistent_with_what_you_do，it
will
have
a
bad
effect
on
your
children.(consistent)
10．lead
to导致
[高考原句·2020·全国卷Ⅲ]
She
wondered
if
centuries
of
diving
could
have
led
to
the
evolution
of
physical
characteristics
that
made
the
task
easier
for
them.
lead
to
(one's/one)
doing
sth.导致(某人)做某事lead
to
some
place
通往某地lead
sb.to
sth.使某人得出(观点)；引导某人某事lead
sb.to
do
sth.使得某人做某事；导致某人做某事lead
the
way带路
lead
us
to
our
rooms
把我们带到了我们的房间
lead
directly
onto
the
beach
直通向海滩
lead
him
to
start
a
collection
of
paintings
使他开始收藏画作
[基础练习]——语段语法填空
With
him
leading
the
way，we
got
there
without
any
difficulty.But
for
him，we
would
have
been
lost，which
would
lead
to
serious
consequences.
[链接写作]——一句多译
在一定条件下，坏事可能导致好的结果。
①In
given
conditions，bad
things
can
lead_to
good
results.(lead)
②In
given
conditions，bad
things
can
result_in
good
results.(result)
③In
given
conditions，bad
things
can
bring_about
good
results.(bring)
[名师点津] 表示“导致，造成”的其他短语还有：result
in；contribute
to；bring
about等。
11．(教材P22)
That
is
why
English
has
so
many
difficult
rules
that
confuse
people.那就是为什么英语中有那么多难的令人困惑的规则的原因。
[句型公式] That
is
why...那就是为什么……，那就是……的原因。
This/That
is
why...这/那就是为什么……，这/那就是……的原因
This/That
is
because...这/那是因为……
The
reason
why...is
that...……的原因是……
[金句推送] (2019·北京卷)
That's
because
there
are
a
number
of
powerful
voice
manipulation
(处理)
and
automation
technologies
that
are
about
to
become
widely
available
for
anyone
to
use.
这是因为有许多强大的，即将广泛应用于任何人的语音处理和自动化技术。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①The
reason
why
he
didn't
come
was
that
he
was
ill.
②He
did
not
see
the
film
last
night.That's
because
he
had
to
help
his
little
sister
with
her
homework.
[链接写作]——句式升级
(普通表达)Tom
was
late
for
work
this
morning
because
he
overslept.
①(高级表达)Tom
overslept
this
morning
and
that_was_why
he
was
late
for
work.
②(高级表达)Tom
was
late
for
work
this
morning
and
that_was_because
he
overslept.
12．(教材P23)
The
question
of
whether
English
will
keep
on
changing
in
the
future
is
easy
to
answer.将来英语是否会继续改变这一问题是很容易回答的。
[句型公式] 句中The
question...is
easy
to
answer为“主语＋be＋形容词＋不定式”结构。
(1)在句型“主语＋be＋形容词＋不定式”中，不定式作表语形容词的状语，并且和句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，此时不定式多用主动形式表示被动含义。
(2)此句型中的形容词通常是easy，hard，difficult，interesting，heavy等，该类形容词说明的是不定式的性质。
[金句推送] It's
said
that
the
solution
to
the
problem
is
difficult
to
seek.
据说这个问题的解决办法很难找到。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①The
question
was
easy
enough
for
me
to
answer.
②This
machine
is
very
easy
to_operate(operate)．Anybody
can
learn
to
use
it
in
a
few
minutes.
③I
like
getting
up
early
in
summer.The
morning
air
is
so
good
to_breathe_
(breathe)．
[链接写作]——句式升级
①(普通表达)It
is
very
easy
to
carry
out
the
plan.
(高级表达)The
plan
is_very_easy_to_carry_out.
②(普通表达)It
is
difficult
for
Europeans
to
learn
Japanese.
(高级表达)Japanese
is_difficult_for_Europeans_to_learn.
夯基固本——基础强化
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．A
nursery
is
where
young
plants
and
trees
are_raised(raise)．
2．When
it
comes
to
universities
in
China，as
far
as
I
am_concerned
(concern)，I'll
recommend
Peking
University.
3．So
I'm
writing
to
let
you
know
that
it's
not
convenient(convenience)
for
me
to
go
back
to
receive
the
laptop
at
home.
4.
Occupying
(occupy)
herself
with
routine
tasks，she
had
no
time
to
attend
to
her
children.
5．The
offer
has
yet
to
be
accepted
by
the
lawyers
representing
(represent)
the
victims.
6．Listening
is
an
active，not
a
passive，behavior
_consisting(consist)
of
hearing，understanding
and
remembering.
7．I
can't
tell
the
difference
(differ)
between
their
policies
and
ours.
8．As
the
final
examinations
draw
near，students
begin
to
occupy
themselves(they)
with
the
review
of
the
term's
work.
9．Up
to
now，many
factories
have_replaced
(replace)
most
of
their
workers
with
robots.
10．I
want
to
know
what
led
you
to_take(take)
up
acting
as
a
career.
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．Man
differs
from
animals
in
his
ability
to
speak.
2．The
only
access
to
the
farmhouse
is
across
the
fields.
3．We
all
know
that
Yuan
Longping
is
distinguished
for
his
scientific
achievements.
4．I
had
neither
a
raincoat
nor
an
umbrella.That's
why
I
got
wet
all
over.
5．The
research
team
abroad
consists
of
50
people.
Ⅲ.在下列句子中找出一处错误并改正。
1．Leaves
are
found
on
all
kinds
of
trees，but
they
differ
greatly
from
size
and
shape.from→in
2．Everyone
wants
to
live
in
a
beautiful
and
comfortable
place，but
not
either
know
where
it
is.either→all
3．Voices
were
risen
when
the
discussion
became
more
heated.risen→raised
4．The
man
is
very
stubborn
and
difficult
to
get
along
well.well后加with
5．Because
the
city
is
distinguishing
for
its
skyscrapers，Hong
Kong's
long
history
and
rich
heritage
resources
are
often
overlooked.distinguishing→distinguished
6．His
advice
and
direction
for
relationships
can
make
real
difference.make后加a
查缺补漏——知识拾遗
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．We
can
come
to
the
conclusion
(conclude)
that
nothing
is
so
precious
as
freedom
in
the
world.
2．The
discovery
of
the
new
drug
is
of
great
importance(important)
to
people
who
suffer
from
heart
trouble.
3．What's
more，she
represented
the
school
to_attend
(attend)
the
English
Debating.
4．Lost
in
the
city，we
tried
to
find
a
sign
indicating
(indicate)
the
direction
of
the
new
stadium.
5．I
can't
agree
more.It's
great
to
have
the
two
combined(combine)．
6．This
coat
would
be
more
practical
(practice)
for
colder
weather，but
I
think
the
other
one
is
so
much
more
attractive.
7．The
government
is
thinking
about
banning
smoking
(smoke)
on
public
transport.
8．Would
you
like
to
make
contributions
(contribute)
to
the
hospital
building
fund?
9．It
was
an
embarrassing
(embarrass)
situation，but
they
carried
it
off
well.
10．The
spelling
(spell)
of
his
name
was
influenced
by
French.
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．Not
all
students
obey
the
school
rules，so，as
teachers，we
should
be
strict
with
them.
2.
Whether
he
could
get
the
support
from
his
parents
made
a
great
difference
to
the
plan.
3．He
was
banned
from
attending
the
meeting
for
not
having
the
permit.
4．In
China，the
Chinese
knots
stand
for
friendship，love
and
good
luck.
5．It
is
of
great
importance
for
college
students
to
master
a
foreign
language.
强技提能——语言应用
Ⅰ.语法填空
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请按要求补全短文，并背诵该短文。
Nowadays
it
seems
that
everyone
wants
to
learn
English，but
do
you
know
English
is
actually
made
up
of
several
different
ancient
languages?
The
word
“English”
comes
from
“Anglo?Saxon”，the
first
people
1.to_occupy
(occupy)
Great
Britain.The
Anglo?Saxons
created
the
basis
for
the
English
language
based
on
the
language
of
the
Germanic
tribes(部落)
2.that/which
they
came
from.Most
of
English's
basic
vocabulary
comes
from
these
Germanic
3.influences
(influence)．
English
began
to
change
when
the
Anglo?Saxons
4.were_defeated
(defeat)
by
the
Normans(a
tribe
from
modern?day
France)
during
the
Norman
Conquest
of
England
in
1066.They
took
control
of
England's
government
and
replaced
the
entire
English
nobility
with
Normans.This
led
to
French
5.becoming
(become)
the
language
of
high?class
individuals，while
English
remained
the
language
of
servants
and
farmers.Eventually
English
became
a
mixture
of
Anglo?Saxon
and
French.The
contribution
of
French
to
modern
English
is
clear,
6.although/though_
spelling
and
pronunciation
of
words
differ.
English
also
consists
7.of
many
Latin
terms，largely
because
of
the
use
of
Latin
in
the
Church
and
in
science.Many
of
English's
more
complex
words
come
from
Latin，and
when
8.writing_
(write)
essays
or
stories
we
often
use
Latin
vocabulary.
On
the
whole,
it
is
9.inaccurate
(accurate)
to
say
that
English
is
a
“pure”
language.If
your
mother
tongue
isn't
English，you
may
feel
embarrassed
about
your
accent
or
grammar.Don't
be
discouraged
by
these
shortcomings.Just
remember
that
English
is
always
changing，and
10.there
have
already
been
many
different
versions
of
English.
Ⅱ.书面表达
Step
1.要点提示(黑体字部分要使用本单元所学词汇)
①除了英国外，美国、澳大利亚也对英语的发展做出了重大贡献。
Aside_from_Britain，the
USA
and
Australia
also
have_made_great_
contributions_to
the
development
of
English.
②他们的英语互不相同。他们不会被误解。
Their
English
differs_from
each
other.They
can't
be_mistaken.
③英语是很多国家的官方语言之一。它在国际交流中起着非常重要的作用。
English
is
one_of_the_official_languages
in
many
countries.It
plays_an_
important_part_in
the
international
communication.
④可以肯定的是大部分的科学成果是用英语写的。学好英语是很必要的。
It_is_certain_that
most
scientific
achievements
are
in
English.It_is_necessary_to_
learn_English_well.
⑤很多网站都使用英语。
Many
websites
are
in_English.
⑥现在学英语很方便。
It
is_convenient_to_learn
it
now.
Step
2.表达升级(改变所给句子的结构以使表达升级)
(1)利用though引导让步状语从句升级1中的句②
Though_their_English_differs_from_each_other，they_can't_be_mistaken.
(2)利用which引导非限制性定语从句升级1中的句③
English_is_one_of_the_official_languages_in_many_countries，which_plays_an_important_part_in_the_international_communication.
(3)利用连词so升级1中的句④
_It_is_certain_that_most_scientific_achievements_are_in_English_so_it_is_necessary_to_learn_English_well.
Step
3.衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)
Aside
from
Britain，the
USA
and
Australia
also
have
made
great
contributions
to
the
development
of
English.In
fact，though
their
English
differs
from
each
other，they
can't
be
mistaken.English
is
one
of
the
official
languages
in
many
countries，which
plays
an
important
part
in
the
international
communication.It
is
certain
that
most
scientific
achievements
are
in
English
so
it
is
necessary
to
learn
English
well.Many
websites
are
in
English.Therefore，it
is
convenient
to
learn
it
now.
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