Unit
3
□clone
vt.&
n．
□embryo
n．
□tissue
n．
□real?life
adj.
□monster
n.
□exact
adj.
□cell
n.
□mammal
n.
□Scottish
adj.
□intention
n.
□anxiety
n.
□saleswoman
n.
□legal
adj.
□Italian
adj.&
n.
□physician
n.
□goat
n.
□concept
n.
□crime
n.
□fellow
n.
□profession
n.
□radiation
n.
□breakthrough
n.
□original
adj.
□summary
n.
□consideration
n.
□hunger
n.
□tasty
adj.
□nutrition
n.
□ordinary
adj.
□reliable
adj.
□actual
adj.
□agriculture
n.
□channel
n.
□favour
n.
□catastrophe
n.
□resource
n.
□acre
n.
□rainforest
n.
□income
n.
□genetics
n.
□genetically
adv.
□modify
vt.
□pest
n.
□chain
n.
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)A
study
conducted
in
Youngstown，Ohio，for
example，discovered
that
greener
areas
of
the
city
experienced
less
crime.vt.进行；做
2．(2020·天津卷)For
those
who
hunger
for
some
peace
and
quiet，sound
can
now
create
silence.vi.渴望
3．(2018·江苏卷)As
a
major
channel
of
consumption
information，the
rating
is
an
efficient
source
of
information
for
shopping
in
our
own
consumption.
n．渠道
4．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)In
all，from
the
time
the
stem
cells
are
harvested
from
a
donor
(捐献者)
to
the
time
they
can
be
implanted
in
the
patient，we've
got
72
hours
at
most.
vt.采集
5．(2016·北京卷)To
help
you
do
that，your
brain
increases
your
hunger
for
new
experiences.
n．渴望
6．(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)Gradually，this
noise
began
to
appear
during
a
show，and
to
get
rid
of
it，I
had
to
change
to
another
channel
and
then
change
it
back.
n．频道
[单词 拼写·运用]
核心单词
语境运用
1．consequence
n．结果，后果2．harvest
n．收获；收成
vt.&
vi.收割(庄稼)3．transform
vt.使改变外观或性质(尤指向好的方向)；使改变形态
用所给词的适当形式填空。1．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)They
made
a
living
as
divers，spearfishing
or
harvesting(harvest)
shellfish.2．(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)To
test
the
effect
of
social
influence
on
eating
habits，the
researchers
conducted(conduct)
two
experiments.
核心单词
语境运用
4．confirm
vt.&vi.证实，证明；确认；使确信5．profit
n．利润，收益
vi.&
vt.对……有
用；获益6．conduct
vt.实施；指挥乐队7．relation
n．关系；亲戚8．insert
vt.插入，嵌入9．brief
adj.短时间的，短暂的；简洁的，简单的
3.(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)．..the
official
confirmed(confirm)
that
the
paintings
were
originals
and
worth
as
much
as
$50
million.4．The
company
has_been_transformed
(transform)
from
a
family
business
to
a
multi?million?pound
operation
now.5．All
villagers，young
and
old，went
out
to_harvest
(harvest)
crops.6．Profiting
(profit)
in
this
way
is
winning
popularity
by
cheating
the
public.7．The
audience
complain
that
inserted
(insert)
advertisements
are
boring
when
they
are
watching
TV
series.8．It
was
your
idea，so
now
you
have
to
accept
all
the
consequences
(consequence)．
派生单词
语境运用
1．permit
vt.许可，准可
n．许可证→permission
n．准许，许可，批准2．judge
vt.&vi.判断→judgement
n．判断力；看法，评价；(法律)判决3．adopt
vt.收养，领养；采用，采纳→adopted
adj.收养的→adoption
n．采用；收养4．accurate
adj.准确的，精确的→accurately
adv.准确地，精确地→accuracy
n．精确，准确5．major
adj.主要的
vi.主修
n．专业→majority
n．多数，大多数6．frighten
vt.使惊吓，使惊恐→frightening
adj.令人害怕的→frightened
adj.(人)感到害怕的
用所给词的适当形式填空。1．Your
judgement
is
right.Judging
from
his
look，he
must
be
angry
with
us.But
we
can't
judge
a
person
only
by
his/her
appearance.(judge)2．Mary
was
too
frightened
to
tell
her
family
about
her
frightening
experience
because
it
frightened
her
to
death.(frighten)
3．Her
father
would
not
permit
her
to
drive
alone
even
though
she
had
got
her
driving
permit.Without
her
father's
permission，she
had
to
go
out
by
bus
or
on
a
bike.(permit)4．Support
for
inter?country
adoption
is
particularly
strong
in
America，where
parents
adopt
more
foreign
children
than
all
the
rest
of
the
world.(adopt)5．To
predict
weather
accurately
and
give
us
more
accurate
information，the
observers
try
their
best
to
guarantee
the
accuracy
of
their
observation.(accurate)6．One
of
the
major
problems
is
that
a
majority
of
the
graduates
who
major
in
English
find
it
difficult
to
find
a
good
job.(major)
[短语 理解·运用]
高频短语
语境运用
1．on_the_one_hand...on_the_other_hand...一方面……另一方面……2．take...into_consideration
认真考虑3．put...in_place准备就绪，布置妥当4．deal_with处理，对付5．be/get_burnt_out耗尽体力，累垮6．turn_out结果是，证明是；生产
填入一个适当的词。As
is
known
to
us
all，more
and
more
technologies
are
being
adopted
nowadays，which
greatly
promotes
the
local
economy.①On
the
one
hand，rapid
development
of
the
economy
improves
the
living
conditions
of
people；on
the
other
hand，it
speeds
up
environmental
destruction.Taking
everything
②into
consideration，the
government
realizes
what
is
most
important
is
to
deal
③with
pollution，and
puts
everything
④in
place
to
prevent
environment
from
being
polluted.
7．toy_with
戏弄，摆弄；把……当作儿戏8．push_ahead_with
义无反顾地进行，努力推进9．follow_in_one's_footsteps效仿某人10．in_favour_of
赞同，支持11．point_out指出12．in_summary
概括地说
填入一个适当的词。Nowadays
more
and
more
scientists
have
the
intention
of
cloning
cows，goats
and
other
animals.A
physician
even
has
decided
to
follow
⑤in
Ian
Wilmut's
footsteps
to
push
ahead
⑥with
research
in
order
to
clone
a
human
baby.Some
people
are
in
favour
⑦of
it
while
others
are
against
it.Those
who
oppose
it
hold
the
belief
that
this
action
is
toying
⑧with
nature
and
is
illegal.
13．for_sale供出售，待销售14．in_agreement_with同意；与……一致15．compared_with与……相比较16．make_sense有意义，有道理，讲得通17．rather_than而不是
填入一个适当的词。Independence
is
the
ability
to
make
decisions
and
choices
and
to
act
⑨in
agreement
with
pared
⑩with
other
boys，Tony
learned
to
rely
on
himself
from
an
early
age.He
would
send
milk
and
sell
newspapers
for
his
pocket
money
rather
?than
turn
to
his
parents
for
help.His
mother
thought
it
made
?sense
to
develop
the
sense
of
being
independent
when
children
were
young.
[句式 辨识·运用]
教材原句背诵
句式结构仿写
1.the
first
(＋n./pron.)
后接不定式作定语The
first
mammal
to
be
cloned
successfully
from
an
adult
cell
was
Dolly
the
sheep.
刘洋是第一位在太空逗留过的中国女性。Liu
Yang
is
the_first_Chinese_female
_to_have_stayed
in
space.
2.more...than...“与其说……倒不如说……”The
boy
was
more
frightened
than
hurt.
喜欢听音乐与其说是一种爱好，不如说是一种生活方式。Enjoying
listening
to
music
is
more_a_way_of_life_than_an_interest.
3.否定词与比较级连用表示最高级含义Nowhere
is
this
truer
than
with
genetically
modified
(GM)
food.
环境保护是最重要的事。Nothing_is_more_important_than
environmental
protection.
1．adopt
vt.收养，领养；采用，采纳
[高考原句·2020·全国卷Ⅰ]
But
the
sport's
strange
form
does
place
considerable
stress
on
the
ankles
and
hips，so
people
with
a
history
of
such
injuries
might
want
to
be
cautious
in
adopting
the
sport.
be
adopted
by被……所收养be
adopted
from选自……，取自……adopt
one's
advice/suggestion/plan/idea
采纳某人的建议/计划/想法
adopt
a
child收养一个孩子
adopt
the
newest
modern
technology采用现代的最新技术
adopt
a
positive
attitude
采取积极的态度
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①The
name
Rangers
was
adopted
from
an
English
rugby
club.
②Paul's
mother
had
him
adopted
(adopt)
because
she
couldn't
look
after
him
herself.
[链接写作]——完成句子
艺术运动指的是一些艺术家共同采纳的一种绘画风格。
Art
movement
means
a
style
of
painting
(that_is)_adopted_by_a_group_of_
artists.
[名师点津] adopt与adapt两词词形相近，但意思不同，adapt
意为“适应；改编，改写”。
2．consequence
n．结果，后果
[高考原句·2020·全国卷Ⅰ]
I
wonder
if
parents
should
always
tell
the
truth
no
matter
the
consequences.
(1)as
a
consequence(＝in
consequence)
因此，结果in
consequence
of(＝as
a
consequence
of)
由于……的缘故，因而answer
for/deal
with/take/suffer/face
the
consequences
承担后果of
no/little
consequence
无足轻重的，不重要的(2)consequent
adj.必然的；随之发生的consequently
adv.因此；必然地
accept
the
full
consequences
of
your
behaviour
承担你的行为所引起的全部后果
in
consequence
of
his
bad
work由于他工作表现不好
be
of
great
consequence
to
all
of
us对我们所有人都非常重要
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①We
must
answer
for
the
consequences
of
our
own
deed.
②My
car
broke
down
and
consequently(consequent)I
was
late.
[链接写作]——词汇升级
(普通表达)A
great
fire
broke
out，and
as
a
result，the
house
was
completely
destroyed.
①(高级表达)A
great
fire
broke
out，and
as_a_consequence/in_consequence，the
house
was
completely
destroyed.
②(高级表达)As_a_consequence_of/In_consequence_of
a
great
fire，the
house
was
completely
destroyed.
3．transform
vt.&
vi.使改变外观或性质(尤指向好的方向)；使改变形态；转化；转换；改造
[高考原句·2020·江苏卷]
But
if
you
do
it
too
often，you
can
transform
in
the
eyes
of
others
from
a
confident
joker
to
a
Chihuahua
dog.
(1)transform...into...使……变成……transform
into
转化成；改造为be
transformed
from...into...由……变成……；由……迁到……(2)transformation
n．(外观或性质的)改变，变革
transform
one
form
of
energy
into
another把一种形式的能变成另一种形式的能
be
transformed
from
a
quiet
farming
village
into
a
busy
port
由僻静的农村变为繁忙的港口
transform
himself
into
a
successful
businessman
让自己变成一个成功的商人
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①The
photochemical
reactions
transform
the
light
into
electrical
impulses.
②He
has
made
a
complete
transformation
(transform)
from
a
comedian
into
a
dramatic
actor.
[链接写作]——词汇升级
(普通表达)Her
bitter
experience
has
turned
her
into
a
stronger
person.
(高级表达)Her
bitter
experience
has_transformed_her_into
a
stronger
person.(transform)
[联想发散] “把……变成……”的其他表达：turn/change...into...。
4．majority
n．多数，大多数
[高考原句·2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ]
However，the
majority
of
people
are
effective
speakers
because
they
train
to
be.
(1)in
a/the
majority
占大多数a/the
majority
of
大多数……by/with
a
majority
of
以大多数……(2)in
a/the
minority
占少数(3)major
in
主修……；以……为专业
form
the
majority
of
the
population占人口总数的一大半
in
the
vast
majority
of
cases在绝大多数情况下
be
elected
by
a
large
majority/by
a
majority
of
3,240
以大多数票/超过对方3
240票当选
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Our
country
is
a
traditional
agricultural
society，with
a
majority
of
farming
population.
②But
even
though
some
British
people
are
quite
strange，the
majority
of
them
are
(be)
really
friendly
and
I've
made
some
good
friends.
[链接写作]——完成句子
在澳大利亚，白人占多数而土著人反而占少数。
The
white
are
in_the_majority
in
Australia
while
the
native
people
(are)_in_the_minority.
[名师点津]
the
majority
of＋
5．brief
adj.短时间的，短暂的；简洁的，简单的n.简要；摘要
[高考原句·2020·全国卷Ⅰ]
It's
a
brief
account
of
a
trip.
(1)in
brief简单地说to
be
brief简言之(2)briefly
adv.短暂地；简短地briefly
speaking简言之
make
a
brief
visit
作短暂的访问
a
brief
pause
in
the
conversation对话中短暂的停顿
tell
in
brief
the
importance
of
the
work
简要谈谈这项工作的重要性
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①It's
not
easy
to_be
(be)
brief，especially
on
a
topic
you
know
a
lot
about.
②
Briefly(brief)
describe
the
product，but
do
not
give
any
technical
details
at
this
stage.
[链接写作]——一句多译
简言之，我们不能接受这样的一个计划。
①Briefly_speaking，we
can't
accept
such
a
plan.(briefly)
②To_be_brief/In_brief，we
can't
accept
such
a
plan.(brief)
[名师点津] briefly
speaking等由“副词＋speaking”构成的短语可看成固定搭配，不再考虑其逻辑主语和句子主语之间的关系。
6．confirm
vt.&
vi.证实，证明；确认；使确信
confirm
one's
belief
坚定某人的信念
be
confirmed
by
sb.被某人认可
It
has
been
confirmed
that...已确定/证实……
confirm
the
report
证实那则报道
confirm
the
appointment
of
Mr.Collins
as
managing
director确认科林斯先生为总经理的任命
be
confirmed
by
observation
为观测所证实
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①He
was_confirmed
(confirm)
as
captain
for
the
rest
of
the
season
yesterday.
②It
has
already
been
confirmed
that
the
meeting
will
be
held
next
week.
[链接写作]——完成句子
已经证实所有的人数学考试都及格了。
It_has_been_confirmed_that
all
had
passed
the
math
exam.
7．favour
n．赞同，支持；恩惠，帮助；偏爱，偏袒
[高考原句·2020·天津卷]
Asking
a
favour
of
the
President
of
the
United
States
was
no
casual
matter，especially
for
a
seventeen?year?old
girl.
(1)in
favour
of
赞同，支持in
sb.'s
favour
对某人有利；有助于某人(2)do
sb.the
favour
to
do
sth.帮助某人做某事do
sb.a
favour(＝do
a
favour
for
sb.)
给某人以恩惠；帮某人一个忙ask
a
favour
of
sb.(＝ask
sb.a
favour)
请某人帮忙
win
the
favour
of
the
boss赢得老板的好感
favour
the
growth
of
plants
有助于植物生长
go
out
of
favour已过时；失宠；不再受欢迎
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Everyone
present
at
the
meeting
was
in
favour
of
what
he
put
forward.
②Please
do
me
a
favour
and
go
to
the
shop
for
me.
[链接写作]——词汇升级
(普通表达)Could
you
help
me
take
these
bags
in?
③(高级表达)Could
you
do_me_the_favour_to_take_these_bags_in?
(favour)
④(高级表达)
Could
you
assist_me_in_taking_these_bags_in?
(assist)
8．frighten
vt.使惊吓，使惊恐
(1)frighten...away/off
把……吓跑/吓走frighten
sb.into/out
of
doing
sth.恐吓某人做/不做某事(2)be
frightened
to
do
sth.害怕做某事be
frightened
of
对……感到害怕
frighten
sb.to
death把某人吓得要死
be
frightened
to
ride
a
bike
不敢骑自行车
frighten
them
not
into
going
there
吓唬他们不要去那里
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①The
mothers
are
frightened
of
the
children
going
camping，for
they
may
get
lost
in
the
mountain.
②News
of
the
robberies
frightened
many
people
into
fitting
(fit)
new
locks
to
their
doors.
③(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)He
had
tried
to
coax(哄)
the
dog
to
him
but，frightened
(frighten)，it
had
run
off.
[链接写作]——完成句子
米丽娅姆太害怕了，不敢告诉家人发生了什么事。
Miriam
was
too_frightened_to_tell_her_family
what
had
happened.
9．on
the
one
hand...on
the
other
hand...一方面……另一方面……
(1)on
the
one
hand...on
the
other
(hand)．..意为“一方面……另一方面……”，常用来表述一个事物的两个方面，通常用于引出不同的，尤指对立的观点、思想等。(2)for
one
thing...for
another
(thing)．..意为“首先……，再者……”，陈述的两个方面的情况常常一致。
[金句推送] On
the
one
hand，we
think
that
friendship
comes
first，and
a
match
comes
second.On
the
other
hand，since
we
all
tried
our
best，we
had
no
regret.
一方面，我们认为友谊第一，比赛第二；另一方面，既然我们都尽力了，我们就没有遗憾。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①On
the
one
hand，I
want
to
sell
the
house，but
on
the
other
hand，I
can't
bear
the
thought
of
moving.
②For
one
thing，she
is
well?educated；for
another，she
is
pretty.
[链接写作]——完成句子
一方面，我们应该发展经济；另一方面，我们应该保护环境。
On_the_one_hand，we
should
develop
our
economy；on_the_other_hand，we
should
protect
the
environment.
10．follow
in
one's
footsteps
效仿某人
(1)follow
in
the
footsteps
of...效仿……follow
one's
example
以某人为榜样follow
one's
advice/directions
听从/遵循某人的建议/指示follow
traffic
rules
遵守交通规则(2)as
follows
如下，如下所述
follow
this
road
to
the
mountain沿着这条路上山
follow
Jack's
footsteps
in
the
snow跟着杰克在雪中留下的脚印走
follow
in
his
father's
footsteps效仿他的父亲；继承他父亲的遗志
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①She
works
in
television，following
in
her
father's
footsteps.
②This
can
be
done
if
you
proceed
as
follows.
[链接写作]——完成句子
①我们不能盲目地效仿外国的常规。
We
mustn't
blindly
follow_in_the_footsteps_of
foreign
practice.
②我们都应以他为榜样，全心全意为人民服务。
We
must
all
follow_his_example
and
serve
the
people
heart
and
soul.
11．take...into
consideration认真考虑
give
consideration
to...考虑……show
consideration
for
对……表示关心under
consideration
在讨论/考虑中out
of
consideration
for
出于对……的考虑/体谅
give
consideration
to
the
keywords考虑关键词
show
consideration
for
anyone
but
yourself
为别人考虑而不是为你自己
out
of
consideration
for
personal
interest出于个人兴趣考虑
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①You
should
take
fuel
consumption
into
consideration
when
buying
a
car.
②Could
you
turn
your
music
down
and
show
a
little
consideration
for
the
neighbors?
[链接写作]——句式升级
(普通表达)
If
you
take
all
things
into
consideration，you
will
find
that
governments
would
want
to
ban
drugs.
①(高级表达)All_things_taken_into_consideration，you
will
find
that
governments
would
want
to
ban
drugs.(用独立主格结构)
②(高级表达)
With_all_things_taken_into_consideration，you
will
find
that
governments
would
want
to
ban
drugs.(用with复合结构)
12．(教材P42)
The
first
mammal
to
be
cloned
successfully
from
an
adult
cell
was
Dolly
the
sheep.第一只成功地用成年动物细胞克隆出的哺乳动物是多利羊。
[句型公式] 句中不定式短语to
be
cloned...作后置定语修饰the
first
mammal。
动词不定式作后置定语的几种情况：
(1)当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级等修饰时或前有the
only，the
last，the
right时，常用动词不定式作后置定语。
(2)动词不定式作后置定语用来修饰的词是抽象名词，常见的有：ability，chance，opportunity，ambition，attempt，offer，way以及time，place等。
(3)动词不定式作后置定语表示将要发生的动作。
[金句推送] (2019·江苏卷)
Despite
their
many
differences，all
human
beings
share
several
defining
characteristics，such
as
large
brains
and
the
ability
to
walk
upright
on
two
legs.
尽管他们有很多不同之处，但所有人都有一些共同的特征，比如脑容量大，能用两条腿直立行走。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①He
is
always
the
first
to_bear
(bear)
hardships
and
the
last
to_enjoy
(enjoy)
comforts.
②In
addition，they
will
strengthen
their
ability
to_accept
(accept)
new
and
exciting
mathematical
challenges.
③He
was
grateful
for
a
chance
to_relax(relax)
at
the
weekend.
[链接写作]——一句多译
艾米是唯一目击这起车祸的人。
①Amy
was
the
only
person
that_witnessed_the_car_accident.(定语从句)
②Amy
was
the
only
person
to_witness_the_car_accident.(不定式)
13．(教材P50)
The
boy
was
more
frightened
than
hurt.这个男孩与其说受伤倒不如说是害怕。
[句型公式] 句中的more...than...结构意为“与其说……倒不如说……”
，此结构强调more后面的内容，表示同一个人或事物的两种特征对比，more和than后接不定式、形容词、副词的原级、名词或介词短语等两个并列成分。
no
more
than
仅仅；只不过
no
more...than...和……
一样不……
not
more
than
不超过
not
more...than...没有……那样……
more
than
多于，超过；不仅仅；非常，很；超出
[金句推送] Environmental
protection
is
more
a
responsibility
for
our
students
than
interest.
环境保护是我们学生的责任，而不是兴趣。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①The
man
was
more
brave
than
wise，so
he
failed
many
times.
②The
first
city
was
probably
founded
no
more
than
5,500
years
ago.
[链接写作]——完成句子
当他的儿子再次说谎时，与其说他生气倒不如说他失望。
He
was
more_disappointed_than_angry
when
his
son
lied
again.
14．(教材P59)
Nowhere
is
this
truer
than
with
genetically
modified
(GM)
food.转基因食品就是最好的例子。
[句型公式] 句中nowhere...truer...为“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义。
最高级意义的多种表达法：
(1)the＋形容词/副词最高级
(2)否定词＋so/as＋形容词/副词原级＋as
(3)否定词＋形容词/副词比较级(＋than)
(4)比较级＋than＋
[金句推送] Nobody
can
do
the
work
better
than
he
did.这项工作他做得最出色。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①He
is
studying
harder
(hard)
than
any
other
student
in
this
class.
②No
one
is
as
intelligent
as
Tom
in
his
class.
[链接写作]——完成句子
①(普通表达)What
an
interesting
novel!
It
is
the
most
moving
novel
that
I
have
ever
read.
(高级表达)
What
an
interesting
novel!
I
have
never
read_a_more_moving_one.
②(普通表达)It
was
not
until
then
did
I
realize
I
was
the
happiest
in
the
world.
(高级表达)
It
was
not
until
then
did
I
realize
nobody
was_happier_than_I_was
in
the
world.
夯基固本——基础强化
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．He
was
a
wonderful
father
to
both
his
natural
and
adopted
(adopt)
children.
2．A
majority
of
Africans
are(be)
forced
to
work
for
the
Europeans.
3．They
frightened
the
small
boy
into
telling
(tell)
them
the
secret.
4．You
can't
follow
in
another
person's
(person)
footsteps，and
no
one
else
will
be
able
to
follow
in
yours.
5．Every
moment
of
every
day，energy
is_being_transformed
(transform)
from
one
into
another.
6．I
don't
think
him
to
be
the
best
man
to_do
(do)
the
job
because
he
is
very
careless.
7．It
rained
yesterday，and
consequently
(consequent)，the
match
was
cancelled.
8．His
success
was
a
long
history；but
briefly
(brief)
speaking，he
succeeded
after
many
failures.
9．It
has_been_confirmed
(confirm)
that
the
meeting
will
take
place
next
week.
10．Security
should
be
taken
into
consideration
(consider)
with
any
Website.
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．I
would
really
like
to
interview
Yang
Liwei
because
he
is
not
only
the
first
Chinese
to
go
to
space
but
also
one
of
the
greatest
astronauts
in
the
world.
2．No
human
being
could
have
passed
a
happier
childhood
than
me.
3．She
worked
hard
at
her
lessons
and
as
a
consequence
got
high
marks.
4．Scientists
have
recently
confirmed
that
it
is
possible
to
develop
a
malaria
vaccine
(疟疾疫苗)．
5．On
the
one
hand，I
can
earn
some
money
to
reduce
the
burden
of
my
family.
Ⅲ.在下列句子中找出一处错误并改正。
1．What
has
been
confirmed
that
workers'
salary
will
be
closely
connected
with
their
task.What→It或在that前加上is
2．For
me，music
is
much
a
way
of
life
than
an
interest.much→more
3．On
the
one
hand，of
course，cars
are
very
useful；on
other
hand，they
cause
air
pollution.在other前加the
4．The
frightening
child
held
his
mother's
hand
tightly.frightening→frightened
5．You
are
the
second
teacher
asking
me
the
question
today.asking→to_ask
6．Electric
heaters
have
their
electric
energy
transformed
to
heat.to→into
查缺补漏——知识拾遗
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．I'm
sorry
I
offended
you，but
it
wasn't
my
intention(intend)．
2．So
far，this
technology
has_been_used
(use)
to
produce
plants
that
are
better
able
to
defend
themselves
against
pests
and
diseases.
3．The
loss
has
not
yet
been
calculated
accurately
(accurate)，but
it
is
believed
to
be
well
beyond
a
hundred
million
dollars.
4．I
have
been
told
the
Learning
Centre
provides
help
for
students
and
I'm
anxious
to_get
(get)
help
from
you.
5．Dr.Yuan
also
helps
many
less
developed
countries
to
increase
their
rice
harvests
(harvest)．
6．Experiments
on
animals
have_been_conducted
(conduct)
long
before
the
medicine
was
applied
to
patients.
7．Crying
and
laughing
have
actually
(actual)
been
shown
to
relieve
tension
and
stress.
8．We
were
astonished
to
find
the
temple
still
in
its
original
(origin)
condition.
9．You
can
get
plenty
of
valuable
information
from
some
reliable(rely)
sources.
10．He
is
on
the
way
to
becoming
(become)
a
famous
writer.
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．Now
I
wonder
whether
you
could
do
me
a
favour.
2．I'm
sure
that
all
of
you
will
profit
from
this
special
experience.
3．Sorry，this
string
of
pearls
is
on
display，and
not
for
sale.
4．We
should
show
respect
for
old
people，for
example，our
parents
and
our
teachers.
5．Whatever
happens，we
must
push
ahead
with
our
plans
to
increase
production.
6．He
finally
made
a
breakthrough
in
peace
talks
with
his
effort.
强技提能——语言应用
Ⅰ.语法填空
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请按要求补全短文，并背诵该短文。
Recently，we
1.have_conducted
(conduct)
a
survey
as
to
the
policy
of
being
coal?free.The
2.majority
(major)
of
students
are
3.in
favour
of
it.They
think
it
is
necessary
4.to_adopt
(adopt)
some
serious
measures
to
stop
air
pollution.Most
residents
in
the
countryside
use
a
great
amount
of
coal
in
the
winter.As
5.a
consequence，air
pollution
in
the
winter
is
particularly
serious.We
hold
the
point
of
view
6.that
if
we
didn't
take
action
immediately，there
7.would_be
(be)
no
chance
for
us
to
protect
our
environment.It
is
reported
that
the
first
city
8.to_enforce
(enforce)
the
policy
has
witnessed
a
great
improvement
in
air
quality.In
my
opinion，on
the
one
hand，we
should
also
take
some
other
factors
into
9.consideration
(consider)，such
as
the
cost，the
source
of
alternative
energy.On
the
other
hand，I
think
that
the
policy
won't
work
well
unless
10.carried
(carry)
out
consistently.
Ⅱ.书面表达
Step
1.要点提示(黑体字部分要使用本单元所学词汇)
①随着科技的发展，越来越多的新发明正被人们采用。
With
the
development
of
science
and
technology，more
and
more
new
inventions
are_being_adopted.
②它们满足了我们日常生活的需要，让我们受益匪浅。它们给我们带来了不好的影响。
They
have_met_our_needs
in
our
daily
life
and
profited_us
a
lot.They
have_some_bad_effects_on
us.
③它使人们相互联系更加容易。越来越多的人沉湎于网络。他们身体要垮掉了。
It
has
made
it
easier
for
people
to_get_in_touch_with
each
other.More
and
more
people
are_addicted_to
the
Internet.They
are_getting_burnt_out.
④对于网络的使用，我们必须要谨慎。(be
cautious
with)
We
should
be_cautious_with
the
use
of
the
Internet.
⑤总的来说，新发明给我们带来的利要大于弊。
In_summary
new
inventions
are
bringing
us
more_advantages_than_
disadvantages.
Step
2.表达升级(改变所给句子的结构以使表达升级)
(1)利用on
the
one
hand...on
the
other
hand...升级1中的句②
On_the_one_hand，they_have_met_our_needs_in_our_daily_life_and_profited_
us_a_lot；on_the_other_hand，they_have_some_bad_effects_on_us.
(2)利用连词but和so
that引导结果状语从句升级1中的句③
It_has_made_it_easier_for_people_to_get_in_touch_with_each_other，but_more_
and_more_people_are_addicted_to_the_Internet_so_that_they_are_getting_burnt_out.
Step
3.衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)
With
the
development
of
science
and
technology，more
and
more
new
inventions
are
being
adopted.On
the
one
hand，they
have
met
our
needs
in
our
daily
life
and
profited
us
a
lot；on
the
other
hand，they
have
some
bad
effects
on
us.Take
the
Internet
for
example，it
has
made
it
easier
for
people
to
get
in
touch
with
each
other，but
more
and
more
people
are
addicted
to
the
Internet
so
that
they
are
getting
burnt
out.As
a
consequence，we
should
be
cautious
with
the
use
of
the
Internet.However，in
summary
new
inventions
are
bringing
us
more
advantages
than
disadvantages.
PAGEUnit
1
Getting
along
with
others
□betray
vt.
□quiz
n．
□cheerful
adj.
□washroom
n.
□swear
(swore，sworn)
vt.&
vi.
spy
vi.&
n.
□truly
adv.
□sincerely
adv.
□childhood
n.
□superb
adj.
□pace
n.
□horrible
adj.
□guilty
adj.
□cruel
adj.
□dislike
vt.
□awkward
adj.
□apologize
vi.
□sensitive
adj.
□athletic
adj.
□gifted
adj.
□disagreement
n.
□mailbox
n.
□algebra
n.
□arithmetic
n.
□Easter
n.
□circus
n.
□online
adv.&
adj.
□identity
n.
□absurd
adj.
□hopeless
adj.
□acquaintance
n.
□twin
adj.&
n.
□apartment
n.
□topic
n.
□anchor
vt.&
n.
□cautious
adj.
□eager
adj.
□worldwide
adv.&
adj.
□adolescent
adj.&
n.
□pause
vi.&
n.
□regardless
adv.
□security
n.
□rely
vi.
□trolleybus
n.
□revision
n.
□committed
adj.
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)
The
exhibition
had
record
attendance，showing
that
there
is
huge
interest
in
Chinese
influences.adj.创纪录的
2．(2019·浙江卷)Most
of
the
bills
on
the
board
were
singles，but
a
few
people
left
fives，tens
and
even
twenties.n.一元纸币
3．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)“Small
talk
is
the
basis
of
good
manners，”
he
says.n.礼仪；礼貌；规矩
4．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)
My
next
work
was
to
construct
a
nest
and
anchor
it
in
a
tree.vt.固定
5．(2017·浙江卷)The
governments
argue
that
this
will
help
foreigners
better
join
the
society
and
promote
understanding
across
cultures.vt.提出理由说明
[单词 拼写·运用]
核心单词
语境运用
1．pretend
vi.&
vt.假装；装扮，扮作2．beg
vt.&
vi.请求，恳求；乞讨3．focus
n．焦点；重点
vi.&
vt.集中注意力于……；(使)聚焦
用所给词的适当形式填空。1．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Those
viewing
the
quality
of
Abbot
Hall's
temporary
exhibitions
may
_be_forgiven(forgive)
for
thinking
they
are
in
a
city
gallery.
核心单词
语境运用
4．remark
n．&
vi.评论，谈论5．quarrel
n．&
vi.争吵，争执6．blame
vt.责备，指责
n．(坏事或错事的)
责任；责备，指责7．overcome
vt.克服，解决8．attitude
n．态度，看法9．forgive
vt.原谅，宽恕10．envy
vt.&
n．羡慕，忌妒
2.(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)
You
will
surely
need
to_overcome
(overcome)
some
difficulties，some
planned，but
most
unplanned.3．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Today，many
Chinese
people
are
learning
Western
styles
and
theories
rather
than
focusing(focus)
on
Chinese
traditions.4．He
would
ask
who
we
were
and
pretend(pretend)
not
to
know
us.5．The
child
begged(beg)
not
to
be
left
home
when
his
parents
went
to
Shanghai
on
business.6．I
feel
it
is
your
husband
who
is
to_blame(blame)
for
the
spoiled
child.
派生单词
语境运用
1．apologize
vi.道歉→apology
n．道歉2．respond
vi.做出反应，回应→response
n．回答；反应3．manner
n．方式；态度，举止→manners
n．礼貌；礼仪4．argue
vi.争吵，争论→argument
n．争辩，争论5．admit
vt.&
vi.承认；允许进入，接纳→admission
n．承认；进入；许可6．mercy
n．宽恕；仁慈→merciful
adj.仁慈的；宽容的→merciless
adj.无情的7．amuse
vt.娱乐，消遣，使发笑→amusing
adj.好笑的，有趣的→amused
adj.高兴的→amusement
n．娱乐，消遣
用所给词的适当形式填空。1．My
cousin
did
very
well
in
the
College
Entrance
Examination，so
he
gained
admission
into
Beijing
University.His
abilities
were
admitted
by
his
family
and
relatives.(admit)2．Jim
is
in
an
argument
with
his
landlord
downstairs，who
argues
that
she
didn't
steal
his
money.(argue)3．Jim
apologized
to
his
girlfriend
for
his
being
rude
to
her，but
she
didn't
accept
his
apology.(apology)4．Don't
speak
to
your
father
in
this
manner，or
others
will
say
you
have
bad
manners.(manner)5．The
merciless
king
showed
no
mercy
and
killed
all
the
prisoners.(mercy)6．After
one
month
with
no
response，I
sent
a
copy
of
the
letter
with
the
question
“Why
haven't
you
responded？”
(respond)
[短语 理解·运用]
高频短语
语境运用
1．keep_pace_with
(与……)步调一致，(与……)同步2．rely_on
依靠，依赖3．in_advance
事先，提前4．feel_like_doing...想要做……5．be_cautious_about
对……谨慎；对……小心6．in_conclusion
总之
填入一个适当的词。It
is
an
art
to
know
how
to
get
on
with
friends.First，share
his/her
feelings
but
be
cautious
①about
the
secrets
he/she
tells
you
in
case
you
give
them
away.Next，you'd
better
keep
pace
②with
your
friend
in
doing
something.He/She
may
rely
③on
you
to
help
him/her
to
overcome
difficulties.Most
importantly，whenever
your
friend
has
troubles，help
and
support
him/her
and
your
friendship
will
last
longer
and
be
firmer.④In
conclusion，as
long
as
we
do
as
what
are
mentioned
above，we'll
find
it
easy
to
get
along
well
with
friends.
7．get_through
(用电话)接通8．be_based_on
以……为根据，以……
为基础9．regardless_of
不管，不顾10．end_up
最后成为；最终处于11．thanks_to
幸亏；由于12．look_back_on
回顾，回首
填入一个适当的词。Tom
was
a
top
student
in
a
senior
high
school
but
recently
he
was
addicted
to
playing
games
online.Regardless
⑤of
the
bad
effects
computer
games
had
on
him，he
still
went
his
own
way.Before
long
he
ended
⑥up
failing
the
mid?term
exam.Thanks
⑦to
the
timely
help
of
his
teacher，Tom
realized
that
success
was
based
⑧on
diligence
and
persistence，and
he
determined
to
concentrate
on
his
study
again.
13．spy_on
暗中监视，窥探14．in_one's_opinion
在某人看来15．keep_one's_word
遵守诺言16．stay_up
熬夜；挺住17．before_long
不久，很快18．can't_help_doing_sth.情不自禁做某事
填入一个适当的词。In
order
to
know
more
about
their
daughter，Li
Hong's
parents
focus
their
attention
on
her
private
things.They
often
spy
⑨on
her
diaries
or
her
blogs，or
even
look
through
her
schoolbag.⑩Before
long，Li
Hong
found
what
they
did
and
couldn't
help
quarrelling
with
them.?In
my
opinion，it's
not
right
for
her
parents
to
do
so
and
they
should
communicate
with
Li
Hong
more
frequently.
[句式 辨识·运用]
教材原句背诵
句式结构仿写
1.否定转移结构I
don't
think
I
can
ever
truly
forgive
her.
(2017·全国卷Ⅲ·满分作文)
如果你错过了这个机会，我想你再也没有机会和优秀的球员比赛了。If
you
miss
this
chance，I_don't_think_you_will_have_a_second_chance
to
play
with
outstanding
players.
2.so引导的倒装结构Football
is
very
important
to
me，but
so
is
our
friendship.
(2019·江苏卷)
随着游客数量的增加，道路上行驶的车辆也增加了。As
the
number
of
tourists
has
grown，so_has_the_amount_of_traffic
on
the
roads.
3.can't
help
doing...忍不住做……Yesterday，I
saw
him
talking
to
another
boy，Peter，and
I
cannot
help
wondering
if
he
wants
Peter
to
be
his
best
friend
instead
of
me.
他时常禁不住回想起他孩提时的幸福生活。He
often
can't_help_looking_back_upon
the
happy
life
when
he
was
a
child.
1．pretend
vi.&
vt.假装；装扮，扮作
pretend
to
be...假装是……pretend
to
do
sth.假装要做某事pretend
to
be
doing
sth.假装正在做某事pretend
to
have
done
sth.假装已经做过了某事pretend
(that)．..假装……
pretend
to
be
asleep假装睡觉
pretend
to
be
reading假装正在读书
pretend
to
have
forgotten
the
conversation假装忘记了那次谈话
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Mary
pretended
not
to_see
(see)
me
when
I
passed
by，which
made
me
very
angry.
②She
pretended
not
to_be(be)
at
home
when
we
rang
the
bell.
[链接写作]——句式升级
(普通表达)He
pretended
to
have
finished
his
homework
already.
(高级表达)He
pretended
that_he_had_finished_his_homework
already.(宾语从句)
2．admit
vt.&
vi.承认，供认；接纳，容纳；招收；允许进入
[高考原句·2020·全国卷Ⅱ]
Designer
Jennifer
Anderson
admits
it
took
her
a
while
to
come
around
to
the
opinion
that
using
nutria
fur
for
her
creations
is
morally
acceptable.
(1)admit
to
doing
sth.承认做过某事admit
(to)
doing/having
done
sth.供认做过某事admit
(to
sb.)
that...(向某人)承认……admit
sb./sth.to
be
承认某人/某物是……(2)admit
sb.to/into...准许某人进入(或加入)……be
admitted
to/into...被允许进入/接受……
admit
to
feeling
a
bit
tired
承认感到有点累
admit
having
done
wrong
承认做错了
admit
that
she
is
very
difficult
to
work
with
承认她难以共事
admit
sb.into
the
university某人获准进入大学学习
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①She
is
said
to
have
been
admitted
to/into
Beijing
University.
②You
have
to
admit
the
performance
to_be
(be)
wonderful.
[链接写作]——一句多译
他承认违反了交通规则。
①He
admitted
to
having_broken__the_traffic_rules.(v.?ing短语作宾语)
②He
admitted
that_he_had_broken_the_traffic_rules.(宾语从句作宾语)
3．focus
vi.&
vt.集中注意力于……；(使)聚焦n.焦点；重点
[高考原句·2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ]
Too
often，when
you
stand
up
to
give
a
speech，you
focus
on
the
“public”
at
the
expense
of
the
“speaking”．
(1)focus
on
集中于；重点在focus
one's
eyes/attention/mind
on...把视线/注意力/心思集中到……上(2)bring
sth.into
focus
使某事物成为焦点the
focus
of...……的焦点
the
focus
of
the
world's
attention世人关注的中心
focus
on
the
main
issues集中在那些主要问题上
focus
our
attention
on
global
warming把我们的注意力集中到全球变暖问题上
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①The
shooting
incident
that
happened
on
October
1,2017
in
Las
Vegas
brought
the
problem
of
violence
into
focus.
②Health
and
environmental
problems
have
increasingly
become
the
focus
of
attention/concern.
[链接写作]——句式升级
(普通表达)
His
eyes
were
focused
on
the
blackboard
so
that
he
didn't
notice
the
flying
birds
outside.
(高级表达)His_eyes_focused_on_the_blackboard，he
didn't
notice
the
flying
birds
outside.(独立主格结构)
[名师点津] 表示“集中(注意力、精力等)于……”的短语还有：pay
attention
to
sth.；put
one's
heart
into
sth.；concentrate/fix
one's
attention
on
sth.等。
4．argue
vi.争吵，争论vt.主张；说服
(1)argue
with
sb.about/over
sth.与某人就某事争辩argue
for/against...据理力争/据理反对……argue
that...认为……；主张……argue
sb.into/out
of
doing
sth.说服某人做/不做某事(2)have
an
argument
with
sb.about/over
sth.与某人就某事争辩
argue
endlessly
about
money
为钱财问题无休止地争吵
argue
against
increasing
fee
反对增加费用
try
to
argue
him
into
going
alone设法说服他独自去
[基础练习]——语段语法填空
The
workers，who
argued
for
their
own
rights，argued
with
the
boss
for
a
few
days，but
failed
to
argue
him
into
giving(give)
them
a
rise
in
wages.
[链接写作]——一句多译
学生们就校服问题与老师们发生了争论。
①The
students
had_an_argument_with_their_teachers_about/over
their
school
uniforms.(argument)
②The
students
argued_with_their_teachers_about/over
their
school
uniforms.(argue)
5．apologize
vi.道歉
[高考原句·2020·全国卷Ⅲ]
After
a
while，she
apologized
for
the
way
she
behaved
at
the
beginning.
(1)apologize
to
sb.for
(doing)
sth.因(做)某事向某人道歉(2)make
an
apology
to
sb.for
sth.因某事向某人道歉owe
sb.an
apology
应向某人道歉accept/refuse
one's
apology
接受/拒绝某人的道歉
apologize
to
him
for
our
error
为我们的过错向他道歉
apologize
for
being
rude
因为无礼而道歉
expect
a
full
written
apology
希望得到一份完整的书面道歉
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①The
teacher
made
a
suggestion
that
she
should
apologize
to
her
deskmate
for
her
bad
behaviour.
②You
shouldn't
have
spoken
to
your
mother
in
a
rude
manner.You
owe
her
an
apology
immediately.
[链接写作]——句式升级
让他等了这么长时间，你应该向他道歉。
①You
should
apologize_to_him_for_having_kept
him
waiting
so
long.
(apologize)
②(高级表达)You
should
make_an_apology_to_him_for_having_kept
him
waiting
so
long.(make
an
apology)
③(高级表达)You
owe_him_an_apology_for_having_kept
him
waiting
so
long.(owe
sb.an
apology)
6．blame
vt.责备，指责；把……归咎于n.(坏事或错事的)责任；责备，指责
(1)blame
sb.for
(doing)
sth.因为(做)某事责备某人blame
sth.on
sb.把某事归咎于某人be
to
blame
(for)
应(为……)承担责任；该(为……)受责备(2)accept/bear/take
the
blame
for
sth.对某事负责任put/lay
the
blame
for
sth.on...将某事归咎于……
place
the
blame
on
the
doctor
把责任归咎于医生
bear
the
blame
of
his
brother替他兄弟受责
be
to
blame
for
their
deaths
应对他们的死亡负责
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①I
am
ready
to
take
the
blame
for
the
mistake.
②Mr.Green
stood
up
in
defence
of
the
16?year?old
boy，saying
that
he
was
not
the
one
to_blame
(blame)．
[链接写作]——一句多译
她把婚姻的失败归咎于她丈夫。
①She
blamed_her_husband_for
the
failure
of
their
marriage.(blame
v．)
②She
blamed_the_failure_of_their_marriage_on
her
husband.(blame
v．)
③She
put/laid_the_blame_for_the_failure_of_their_marriage_on
her
husband.(blame
n．)
7．respond
vi.做出反应，回应vt.&
vi.回答
[高考原句·2020·天津卷]
How
did
President
Lincoln
first
respond
to
Vinnie's
request?
(1)respond
to
答复……；对……做出反应(2)in
response
to
对……做出反应make
a
response
to
对……做出回答/应
respond
politely
to
her
questions礼貌地回答她的问题
respond
with
a
smile以微笑表示回答；报以一笑
make
a
quick
response
to
my
inquiry
对我的询问很快做出答复
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①All
of
us
have
our
opinions
and
we
respond
to
it
in
different
ways.
②In
response
to
the
customer's
complaint，our
manager
fired
the
worker.
[链接写作]——句式升级
(普通表达)Receiving
a
message
doesn't
mean
you
need
to
respond
to
it.
(高级表达)Receiving
a
message
doesn't
mean
you
need
to
make_a_response_to_
it.(response)
[名师点津] respond
to，in
response
to，make
a
response
to中的to都是介词，后接名词、代词或v.?ing形式。
8．mercy
n．仁慈；宽恕；怜悯
(1)show
mercy
to
sb./have
mercy
on
sb.怜悯某人at
the
mercy
of...任由……摆布；受……控制it's
a
mercy
that...……真是万幸without
mercy
毫不留情地(2)be
merciful
to/towards
sb.对某人仁慈
beg
for
mercy
乞求宽恕
be
treated
with
mercy
受到仁慈的待遇
learn
to
show
mercy
to
others
学会宽恕别人
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①After
the
boat's
motor
failed，they
were
only
at
the
mercy
of
the
sea.
②It
was
a
mercy
that
she
wasn't
seriously
hurt
and
was
waiting
until
the
rescue
arrived.
[链接写作]——一句多译
他们要她对犯人心存怜悯。
①They
asked
her
to
show_mercy_to/have_mercy_on
the
prisoners.(mercy)
②They
asked
her
to
be_merciful_to/towards
the
prisoners.(merciful)
9．get
through
(用电话)接通；通过(考试、议案等)；完成；到达；用完，花光；(设法)处理；度过
go
through
经历，经受；仔细查看；完成get
through
with
结束，完成look
through
浏览；翻阅see
through
看穿，识破break
through
突破(障碍)pull
through康复；渡过难关
have
a
pile
of
papers
to
get
through
有一大堆文件要处理
get
through
the
novel
in
one
evening
一个晚上就看完了这本小说
get
through
with
painting
the
house
刷完房子
[基础练习]——写出下列句中get
through的含义
①I
tried
to
ring
my
girlfriend
but
I
couldn't
get
through.接通
②This
will
give
you
the
confidence
you
need
to
get
you
through
the
afternoon
and
go
home
feeling
accomplished.度过
③I
am
glad
to
hear
that
she
got
through
the
exam，which
she
had
been
preparing
for
a
long
time.通过
[链接写作]——完成句子
我工作一处理完就来找你们。
I'll
join
you
as
soon
as
I
get_through_with_my_work.
[名师点津] 表示“用电话接通到(联系到)某人”用get
through
to
sb.。
10．end
up
最后成为；最终处于
[高考原句·2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ]His
visit，however，ended
up
involving
a
lot
more
than
that.
end
up
doing
sth.最终做了某事end
up＋形容词/介词短语最终处于……状态
end
up
in
hospital最后(累垮)住院
end
up
dead
in
a
car
accident最终在一次车祸中丧命
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①While
studying，fix
your
mind
on
what
is
really
important，or
you
will
end
up
remembering
(remember)
nothing.
②If
you
go
on
like
this
you'll
end
up
in
prison.
[链接写作]——完成句子
如果他继续那样开车，最终会把命都丢掉。
If
he
continues
driving
like
that，he'll
end_up_dead.
11．rely
on
依靠，依赖；信任
[高考原句·2020·江苏卷]
Then，on
two
separate
morning
visits
to
the
scientists'
lab，each
man
walked
for
an
hour
at
an
average
speed
that，in
theory
should
allow
his
body
to
rely
mainly
on
fat
for
fuel.
rely
on
sb.to
do
sth.指望/相信某人做某事rely
on
(doing)
sth.依赖/信任/指望(做)某事rely
on
it
that...相信……；指望……
rely
on
his
finishing
the
work
today
信赖他今天能完工
rely
on
the
weather
being
fine指望会碰上好天气
rely
on
our
children
to
do
such
work
放心地让孩子们去做这样的工作
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①We
rely
heavily
on
computers
to_organize
(organize)
our
work.
②Many
people
now
would
rely
on
surfing
(surf)
the
Internet
rather
than
reading
newspaper
for
news.
[链接写作]——一句多译
你可以相信工作会提前完成的。
①You_may_believe
that
the
work
will
be
finished
ahead
of
time.(believe)
②You_may_rely_on_it
that
the
work
will
be
finished
ahead
of
time.(rely)
③You_may__depend_on_it
that
the
work
will
be
finished
ahead
of
time.(depend)
[联想发散] 在rely
on
it
that...结构中，it作形式宾语，that引导的从句作真正宾语。用于此结构的动词(短语)还有love，like，appreciate，hate，depend
on，see
to等。
12．(教材P2)
I
don't_think
I
can
ever
truly
forgive
her.我认为我永远不会真正地原谅她。
[句型公式] 句中don't
think采用了否定转移结构。
否定转移是指把对宾语从句的否定转移到主句谓语动词上，需要注意的是：
(1)主句谓语是一般现在时
(2)谓语动词应是think，believe，suppose，guess，imagine等
[金句推送] I
don't
think
it
is
right
for
all
of
us
to
ignore
our
behavior
in
public
places.
我认为我们不应该忽视我们在公共场所的行为。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①I
don't
suppose
that
the
man
can
finish
the
work
on
time，can
he?
②He
doesn't
think
it
will
rain，does
he?
[链接写作]——完成句子
①我们认为你根本不明白我们在说什么。
We_don't_suppose/think_you_understand
in
the
least
what
we're
saying.
②我认为那不是真的，是吗？
I
don't
believe
that
it
is
true，is_it?
13．(教材P3)
Yesterday，I
saw
him
talking
to
another
boy，Peter，and
I
cannot
help
wondering
if
he
wants
Peter
to
be
his
best
friend
instead
of
me.昨天，我看见他和另一个男孩彼得说话，我忍不住想他是不是想让彼得取代我做他最好的朋友。
[句型公式] 句中cannot
(can't)
help
doing
sth.意为“忍不住做某事，不禁做某事
”
。
can't
help
doing...情不自禁做……，忍不住做……
can't
help
but
do...忍不住做……；不得不做……
can't
help
(to)
do...不能帮忙做……
help
oneself
to...自用/自取所需食物等
[金句推送] (2019·全国卷Ⅲ)
On
our
way
to
the
house，it
was
raining
so
hard
that
we
couldn't
help
wondering
how
long
it
would
take
to
get
there.
在我们回家的路上，雨下得很大，我们禁不住想知道要多久才能到达那里。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①I
can't
help
(to)_clean(clean)
the
room，because
I
have
to
do
my
homework.
②I
think
everybody
can't
help
laughing(laugh)
if
they
see
it.
[链接写作]——完成句子
看着长城，你会情不自禁地想知道那么多年前它是怎样修建的。
Looking
at
the
Great
Wall，you
can't_help_wondering/but_wonder
how
it
was
built
so
many
years
ago.
夯基固本——基础强化
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．To
be
honest，it
was
Su's
fault
but
Li
was
also
to_blame_(blame)．
2．I
can't
help
(to)_organize
(organize)
the
party，because
I
am
busy
with
my
paper.
3．From
the
looks
on
their
faces，I
believed
that
they
had
had
an
argument
(argue)．
4．He
decided
to
help
me
but
I
pretended
to_have_finished(finish)
my
job
already.
5．I
must
make
an
apology(apologize)
to
him
for
not
being
able
to
attend
his
party.
6．He
often
pretends
to_be_working
(work)
when
actually
he
is
just
wasting
time
online.
7．I
can't
help
laughing(laugh)
every
time
I
think
of
the
incident.
8．Having
been
caught
on
the
spot，the
man
had
to
admitted
having_stolen
(steal)
money
from
the
girl.
9．The
students
listened
to
the
teacher
carefully
with
their
eyes
focused
(focus)
on
the
blackboard.
10．These
comments
came
in
response
(respond)
to
specific
questions
often
asked
by
local
newsmen.
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．Learn
to
rely
on
yourself
first，then
others.
2．You
should
make
an
apology
to
her
for
your
hurting
her.
3．Don't
always
blame
your
own
failure
on
others.
4．He'll
end
up
in
prison
if
he
continues
to
steal.
5．A
smile
can
help
us
get
through
difficult
situations
and
find
friends
in
a
world
of
strangers.
Ⅲ.在下列句子中找出一处错误并改正。
1．Whenever
I
look
at
her，I
can't
help
think
of
my
cousin.think→thinking
2．He
lay
in
the
darkness，pretended
to
sleep.pretended→pretending
3．You
may
rely
on
that
she
will
apologize
to
you.在that前加it
4．Surround
yourself
with
positive
people
and
you
will
keep
focusing
on
what
you
can
do
instead
of
what
you
can't.focusing→focused
5．He
was
admitted
Harvard
University，which
was
just
what
his
parents
expected.在admitted后加to/into
6．We
tried
many
ways
to
argue
him
into
follow
our
advice，but
in
vain.follow→following
查缺补漏——知识拾遗
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．I
think
my
uncle's
death
was
a
merciful(mercy)
release
for
my
poor
aunt.
2．The
media
often
make
remarks
(remark)
on
the
private
life
of
popular
stars.
3．To
my
amusement(amuse)he
couldn't
get
the
door
open.
4．I
sincerely
(sincere)
express
my
regret
again
about
the
inconvenience
caused
by
us.
5．She
tried
to
seem
angry，but
she
betrayed
(betray)
herself
by
smiling.
6．I
truly
(true)
hope
that
you
can
take
my
suggestions
into
full
consideration.
7．This
is
a
carefully
organized(organize)
campaign.
8．Angie
and
the
other
girls
were
eager
to_see(see)
what
kind
of
wild
jump
Janie
would
attempt.
9．The
governments
are
very
cautious(caution)
of
setting
a
new
policy
and
make
no
decision
until
they
are
quite
sure
it
is
the
right
one.
10．Around
the
world，people
have
different
ideas
about
what
“good”
table
manners(manner)
are.
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．It
was
thanks
to
your
timely
help
that
we
accomplished
the
task
on
time.
2．I
shall
never
forgive
myself
for
failing
to
help
you
when
you
were
in
danger.
3．Regardless
of
being
badly
hurt，the
old
lady
looked
up
at
Tenyson
with
love
in
her
eyes
and
gave
him
a
little
smile.
4．The
manager
had
mercy
on
the
children
dressed
in
rags
and
gave
them
some
food.
5．Regardless
of
what
his
parents
think，he
is
leaving
home
for
a
new
job
in
Shenzhen.
6．Believe
it
or
not，your
attitude
to/towards
money
is
more
important
than
how
much
you
have.
强技提能——语言应用
Ⅰ.语法填空
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请按要求补全短文，并背诵该短文。
With
the
improvement
of
living
standard，more
and
more
Chinese
are
going
abroad
1.eagerly(eager)
to
experience
foreign
culture.However，some
of
them
focus
too
much
2.on
themselves
and
forget
to
follow
the
local
customs，which
has
had
a
bad
effect
on
our
country's
image.As
for
this
phenomenon，some
argue
3.for
severe
punishment
against
those
people.They
should
4.be_blamed(blame)
for
what
they
have
done.Once
they
admitted
5.having_done(do)
wrong，they
should
first
make
an
6.apology(apologize)
in
public
and
then
accept
punishment.Some
think
that
we
should
rely
on
the
guides
7.to_prevent(prevent)
these
bad
behaviors.Some
guides
who
ignore
to
remind
the
tourists
of
the
local
customs
should
also
be
punished.They
should
respond
in
time
to
stop
the
tourists'
bad
8.manners(manner)．If
9.so，some
bad
behaviors
can
be
prevented.You
must
mind
your
own
behaviors
while
10.travelling(travel)
abroad，and
remember
to
prevent
the
uncivilized
behaviors
you
meet.
Ⅱ.书面表达
Step
1.要点提示(黑体字部分要使用本单元所学词汇)
①汤姆说话不算数。他和同学相处得不好。
Tom
didn't
keep_his_word.He
couldn't
get
along
well
with
his
classmates.
②当他犯了错误或与别人争吵时，他总是责备他人，并且从不道歉。
When
he
made
a
mistake
or
quarrelled
with
someone
else，he
always
blamed_others
and
never
apologized_to_them.
③汤姆很是苦恼。马克决定帮助他，多次和汤姆面对面交谈。
Tom
felt
very
upset.Mark
was_determined
to
help
him
and
talked
to
him
face_to_face
many
times.
④同学们渐渐地原谅了他。
Little
by
little，his
classmates
forgave_him.
⑤现在汤姆交了很多朋友。朋友们也信任他。
Now
Tom
has
made
many
friends.They
rely_on_him
as
well.
⑥懂得如何与他人相处和保持友谊是一门艺术。
It's
an
art
to
know
how_to_get_on_with_others
and
keep
friendship.
Step
2.表达升级(改变所给句子的结构以使表达升级)
(1)利用and
this
was
why升级1中的句①
Tom_didn't_keep_his_word_and_this_was_why_he_couldn't_get_along_well_with_his_classmates.
(2)利用连词so和现在分词短语作状语升级1中的句③
Tom_felt_very_upset，so_Mark_was_determined_to_help_him，talking_to_him_
face_to_face_many_times.
(3)利用who引导定语从句升级1中的句⑤
Now_Tom_has_made_many_friends_who_rely_on_him_as_well.
Step
3.衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)
In
the
past，Tom
didn't
keep
his
word
and
this
was
why
he
couldn't
get
along
well
with
his
classmates.When
he
made
a
mistake
or
quarrelled
with
someone
else，he
always
blamed
others
and
never
apologized
to
them.Just
because
of
this，Tom
felt
very
upset，so
Mark
was
determined
to
help
him，talking
to
him
face
to
face
many
times.Little
by
little，his
classmates
forgave
him.Now
Tom
has
made
many
friends
who
rely
on
him
as
well.As
far
as
I
know，it's
an
art
to
know
how
to
get
on
with
others
and
keep
friendship.
PAGEUnit
2
The
environment
□economy
n．
□spokeswoman
n.
□consultant
n．
□flow
vi.&
n.
□billion
n.
□pipe
n.
□greedy
adj.
□businessman
n.
□environmental
adj.
□credit
n.
□quantity
n.
□raw
adj.
□seafood
n.
□willing
adj.
□tax
n.
□goods
n.
□pump
vt.&
vi.&
n.
□madam
n.
□arrival
n.
□customs
n.
□feather
n.
□tortoise
n.
□blanket
n.
□clap
vt.&
vi.
□economic
adj.
□queue
vi.&
n.
□desertification
n.
□crop
n.
□fence
n.
□soil
n.
□bush
n.
□drill
vi.&
vt.&
n.
□administration
n.
□satellite
n.
□typhoon
n.
□flood
n．&
vt.&
vi.
□dolphin
n.
□climate
n.
□low?carbon
adj.
□carbon
n.
□dioxide
n.
□vehicle
n.
□petrol
n.
□engine
n.
□electrical
adj.
□plant
n.
□fuel
n．&
vt.&
vi.
□oxygen
n.
□decade
n.
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)In
any
given
office，employees
can
range
from
age
22
to
70
and
beyond，and
finding
common
ground
in
communication
style
can
be
a
challenge.vi.变化
2．(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)The
route
measured
five
kilometers，from
our
school
gate
to
the
foot
of
Nanshan
Mountain.vt.有……(具体尺寸、度)
3．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)
I
once
wrote
a
paper
on
the
influence
of
fairy
tales
on
Roald
Dahl's
writing
and
it
gave
me
a
new
appreciation
for
his
strange
and
delightful
worlds.n.理解，认识
4．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)
The
living?room
television
is
replaced
and
gets
planted
in
the
kids'
room...vt.放置
5．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)
During
my
second
year
at
the
city
college，I
was
told
that
the
education
department
was
offering
a
“free”
course，called
Thinking
Chess，for
three
credits.n.学分
6．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)
This
production
of
Shakespeare's
Richard
Ⅲ
will
be
directed
by
the
National's
Associate
Director，Wang
Xiaoying.n.(电影，戏剧等的)摄制
7．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Some
plants
pump
out
smelly
chemicals
to
keep
insects
away.But
others
do
double
duty.n．工作
8．(2017·天津卷)
Donations
began
flooding
in
from
hundreds
of
people.v.蜂拥而至
[单词 拼写·运用]
核心单词
语境运用
1．debate
n．&
vi.辩论；争论，讨论
2．arrest
vt.&
n．逮捕3．conflict
vi.冲突，抵触
n．冲突；矛盾4．decrease
vt.&
vi.减少
n．减少5．measure
n．措施，方法；尺度
vt.测量；估量，判定6．range
n．范围；一系列；山脉
vi.(在一定范围内)变化；排列，排序；包括7．absorb
vt.吸收；理解；使全神贯注8．particular
adj.专指的，特指的；特别的；讲究的，挑剔的9．conservation
n．(对自然环境的)保护10．recycle
vt.&
vi.回收利用11．duty
n．责任，义务，本分12．production
n．产量；生产
用所给词的适当形式填空。1．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)One
nonprofit
organization，which
monitors
the
treatment
of
animals
in
filmed
entertainment，is
keeping
tabs
on
more
than
2,000
productions(produce)
this
year.2．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)This
smart
keyboard
precisely
measures
(measure)
the
cadence(节奏)
with
which
one
types
and
the
pressure
fingers
apply
to
each
key.3．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)It
takes
sunscreen
about
fifteen
minutes
to
start
working，and
that's
plenty
of
time
for
your
skin
to_absorb
(absorb)
a
day's
worth
of
Vitamin
D.4．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)This
switch
has
decreased(decrease)
pollution
in
the
country's
major
lakes
and
reservoirs
and
made
drinking
water
safer
for
people.5．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Making
lovely
objects
using
recycled(recycle)
and
made
materials.6．(2017·北京卷)The
national
park
has
a
large
collection
of
wildlife，ranging(range)
from
butterflies
to
elephants.7．On
getting
off
the
plane，he
got
arrested(arrest)
by
the
waiting
police.8．Social
progress
is
normally
a
matter
of
struggles
and
conflicts
(conflict)．9．They
sat
for
hours
debating(debate)
the
advantages
and
disadvantages
of
setting
up
their
own
firm.
派生单词
语境运用
1．belief
n．看法；信念→believe
vt.相信2．responsible
adj.负责；承担义务→responsibility
n．责任，职责3．appreciate
vt.欣赏，赞赏；感谢；领会→appreciation
n．欣赏；鉴别；感谢4．impress
vt.使印象深刻→impression
n．印象→impressive
adj.给人印象深刻的5．operate
vt.&
vi.经营；动手术→operation
n．操作；经营；手术→operator
n．操作人员；话务员6．legal
adj.法律许可的，合法的→illegal
adj.非法的，违法的→illegally
adv.非法地，违法地7．consume
vt.消耗，耗费；消费→consumer
n．消费者，用户，顾客→consumption
n．消费
用所给词的适当形式填空。1．A
citizen
should
be
filled
with
a
sense
of
responsibility
for
his
nation.That
is
to
say，he
should
be
responsible
for
what
he
does.(responsible)2．A
lift
operator
was
ill
and
a
famous
surgeon
operated
on
her
at
once.Shortly
after
the
operation，the
patient
came
to
herself.(operate)3．Hangzhou
is
such
an
impressive
city
that
it
often
makes
a
strong
impression
on
visitors
and
its
sights
never
fail
to
impress
foreign
tourists.(impress)4．The
man
seized
much
land
illegally.Despite
his
illegal
act，few
people
thought
badly
of
him.Some
people
considered
that
it
was
legal
for
him
to
do
so.(legal)5．I
would
appreciate
it
very
much
if
you
can
give
me
a
hand
again.Meanwhile，I
want
to
express
my
appreciation
to
you
for
your
helping
me
before.(appreciate)6．Experts
advise
consumers
not
to
buy
more
groceries
until
they've
already
been
consumed.This
is
called
rational
consumption.(consume)
[短语 理解·运用]
高频短语
语境运用
1．open_the_floor
自由发言2．use_up
用尽3．run_out(of)
用完，耗尽4．clean_up
打扫(或清除)干净5．in/with_regard_to
关于，至于
填入一个适当的词。The
population
of
the
world
is
growing
larger，and
we
are
using
①up
natural
resources.What
if
they
run
②out？③In/With
regard
to
the
topic，we
held
a
class
meeting
and
all
of
the
class
opened
④the
floor
at
the
meeting.
6．cut_back_on
减少，削减，缩减7．queue_up
排队等候8．pick_out
找出，挑选9．let_off
排放10．do_one's_part
尽自己的职责
填入一个适当的词。In
the
past
few
years，the
administration
has
done
⑤its
part
in
environmental
conservation.Now
manufacturers
are
willing
to
cut
back
⑥on
the
production
of
vehicles
in
order
to
reduce
the
amount
of
carbon
dioxide
they
let
⑦off.
11．under_way
进行中12．in_particular
尤其，特别13．result_in
导致14．in_use
在使用中15．blame...on...把……归咎于……16．rely_on...for...依赖……提供……
填入一个适当的词。With
the
development
of
society，more
and
more
families
own
their
private
cars，which
has
resulted
⑧in
the
decline
of
public
transport，because
many
people
rely
on
cars
⑨for
transportation.Some
experts
blame
the
worsening
environment
⑩on
cars，and
they
appeal
to
people
to
use
public
transport
more
frequently.They
hope
more
and
more
undergrounds
will
be
?in
use
in
the
near
future.
[句式 辨识·运用]
教材原句背诵
句式结构仿写
1.the
way作先行词的定语从句First
I
am
talking
to
you
today
about
the
way
vast
areas
of
the
world
are
damaged
by
chemical
waste.
(2019·浙江卷)然而，当她挂断电话时，她后悔自己处理电话的方式。However，when
she
hung
up，she
regretted
the_way_she_had_handled_the_call.
2.What
if...？如果……怎么办呢？What
if
they
run
out？
如果下次的月考他又不及格怎么办？What_if_he_fails
in
the
next
monthly
examination
again？
3.it作形式宾语I
liked
it
when
you
told
that
joke.
我不喜欢她在我工作时给我打电话——我总是太忙了，不能跟她交谈。I
hate
it_when_she_calls_me_at_work—I'm
always
too
busy
to
carry
on
a
conversation
with
her.
1．belief
n．看法；信念
(1)beyond
belief
难以置信have
(a)
belief
in
相信hold
the
belief
that...持有……观点it
is
one's
belief
that...某人相信……(2)believe
in
信任；信赖；相信(……的存在)believe
it
or
not
信不信由你it
is
believed
that...人们相信……
a
person
worthy
of
belief可以信得过的人
respect
other
people's
beliefs
尊重别人的信仰
have
a
firm
belief
in
his
honesty
对他的诚实深信不疑
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①We
have
a
sincere
belief
in
the
power
of
art
to
enhance
human
life.
②It's
beyond
belief
that
a
14?year?old
girl
could
break
the
provincial
high
jump
record.
[链接写作]——句式升级
(普通表达)I
believe
that
good
manners
are
very
important
to
everybody.
①(高级表达)I
hold_the_belief_that
good
manners
are
very
important
to
everybody.(belief)
②(高级表达)It
is_my_belief_that
good
manners
are
very
important
to
everybody.(it作形式主语)
2．operate
vt.经营，管理；操作vi.动手术；运转；见效，起作用
[高考原句·2020·全国卷Ⅰ]
Australia
Day，Anzac
Day，sporting
and
cultural
days，special
additional
services
may
operate.
(1)operate
on
sb.(for...)
(因某病)给某人动手术(2)come/go
into
operation
生效，实行be
in
operation
运转中，实施中put/bring...into
operation实施；实行do/perform
an
operation
on给……动手术
be
easy
to
operate
容易操作
operate
factories
and
mines经营厂矿
operate
a
patient
on
the
head给病人头部做手术
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①It
is
said
that
some
new
rules
will
come/go
into
operation
next
month.
②Protective
clothing
must
be
worn
when
the
machine
is
in
operation.
[链接写作]——一句多译
这位病人非常危险，所以医生们决定立刻给他动手术。
①The
patient
was
in
great
danger，so
the
doctors
decided
to_operate_on_him
immediately.(operate)
②The
patient
was
in
great
danger，so
the
doctors
decided
to_do/perform_an_
operation_on_him
immediately.(operation)
3．impress
vt.使印象深刻；盖印；使铭记，使牢记
(1)be
impressed
by/with
被……打动；对……有深刻印象impress
sth.on/upon
sb.(＝impress
on/upon
sb.sth.)
使某人铭记某事impress
sb.with
sth.使某人牢记某事(2)make/leave
a
deep
impression
on
sb./one's
memory
给某人留下深刻的印象
impress
a
mark
on/upon
a
surface＝impress
a
surface
with
a
mark在表面上打记号
impress
on
me
the
value
of
hard
work让我铭记艰苦劳动的价值
impress
the
consumer
with
a
good
advertising
campaign以优良的广告宣传运动加深消费者的印象
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①My
father
impressed
the
importance
of
honesty
on/upon
me.
②The
little
boy
impressed
me
with
his
big
and
bright
eyes
the
first
time
I
saw
him.
[链接写作]——一句多译
(普通表达)He
impressed
me
deeply
with
his
performance
at
the
concert.
①I
was_deeply_impressed_with/by
his
performance
at
the
concert.(impress)
②His
performance
at
the
concert
left/made_a_deep_impression_on_me.
(impression)
4．measure
n．措施，方法；尺度vt.测量；估量，判定vi.(指尺寸、长、宽、高等)量度为
(1)take
measures
to
do
sth.采取措施做某事make...to
one's
measure
依照某人的尺寸做……beyond
measure无法估量；极度；非常made
to
measure量身定做的(2)measure...by...用……来衡量……
measures
for
increasing
the
output
增产的措施
be
measured
in
metres
以米计量
measure
five
metres
across有五米宽
take
measures
to
preserve
the
environment
from
pollution
采取措施保护环境免受污染
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Education
should
not
be
measured
only
by
examination
results.
②Measures
have
been
taken
to_solve(solve)
traffic
problems
in
big
cities.
③In
the
old
days，my
mother
always
made
new
clothes
to
my
own
measure
with
Spring
Festival
coming.
[链接写作]——句式升级
(普通表达)There
are
some
tall
trees
on
the
hill
and
some
measure
30
metres.
(高级表达)
There
are
some
tall
trees
on
the
hill，some_measuring_30_metres.(用独立主格结构)
[名师点津] ①measure作“措施”讲时，常用其复数形式。
②measure表示“有……长(宽、高等时)”，可看成系动词，不用被动语态及进行时态，若此意义的短语作后置定语，要用现在分词形式。
5．range
n．(变动)范围；一系列；分类；山脉vi.(在一定范围内)变化；包括；排列，排序
(1)in/within
range
of
在……范围内beyond/out
of
range
(of)超出/不在(……的)范围a
range
of
一系列的(2)range
from...to...从……到……变化/不等range
between...and...在……之间变动
people
from
a
diverse
range
of
backgrounds
各种不同背景的人
range
the
books
by
size按书的大小排列
patients
whose
ages
ranged
from
13
to
25
years年龄在13到25岁之间的病人
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①There
is
a
range
of
mountains
in
my
hometown.
②If
we
are
beyond
range
of
the
signal，our
phones
can't
be
used.
[链接写作]——句式升级
(普通表达)The
temperature
changes
a
lot
and
it
ranges
between
18
and
35
degrees
centigrade
in
July
in
this
city.
(高级表达)The
temperature
changes
a
lot，ranging_from_18_to_35
degrees
centigrade
in
July
in
this
city.(现在分词短语作状语)
6．appreciate
vt.欣赏，赞赏；感谢；领会，理解
[高考原句·2020·全国卷Ⅲ]
This
is
often
appreciated
since
at
a
housewarming
there
isn't
a
lot
of
food
served.
(1)appreciate
(sb./one's)
doing
sth.感激(某人)做某事I
would
appreciate
it
if...如果……，我会感激不尽(2)in
appreciation
of
欣赏；感激express/convey/show...appreciation
to
sb.对某人表达……的感谢
appreciate
your
help
very
much
非常感谢你的帮助
appreciate
English
poetry欣赏英语诗歌
appreciate
his
readiness
to
help
others
欣赏他乐于助人的态度
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①I
really
appreciate
my
teacher
helping
(help)
me
with
math
in
his
spare
time.
②Please
accept
this
gift
in
appreciation
of
all
you've
done
for
us.
[链接写作]——句式升级
(普通表达)I
would
be
grateful
to
you
for
turning
off
the
lights.
(高级表达)I
would_appreciate_it_if
you
could
turn
off
the
lights.(appreciate)
7．absorb
vt.吸收(气体、液体、热、光等)；理解；使全神贯注
[高考原句·2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ]
In
fact，most
people
only
absorb
about
20
percent
of
a
speaker's
message.
(1)absorb
knowledge/information
掌握知识/信息absorb
one's
attention/the
attention
of
sb.吸引某人的注意absorb...into...把……吸入……absorb
oneself
in...全神贯注于……(2)absorbed
adj.全神贯注的be
absorbed
in...全神贯注于……(3)absorbing
adj.十分吸引人的，引人入胜的
absorb
a
great
deal
of
the
Roman
culture大量吸收罗马文化
be
absorbed
in
thought
在沉思
be
absorbed
into
the
blood
被吸收进入血液
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Alcohol
may
take
a
few
minutes
to_be_absorbed(absorb)
into
the
bloodstream
and
start
action
on
the
brain.
②When
deeply
absorbed
(absorb)
in
work，which
he
often
was，he
would
forget
all
about
eating
or
sleeping.
③The
novel
was
so
absorbing
(absorb)
that
she
read
on
without
a
break.
[链接写作]——句式升级
(普通表达)The
singer
was
absorbed
in
his
singing.The
singer
forgot
to
have
his
lunch.
(高级表达)Absorbed_in_his_singing，the
singer
forgot
to
have
his
lunch.(用过去分词短语作状语)
[名师点津] be
absorbed
in
(doing)
sth.结构在句中作状语、定语时，常用其过去分词形式absorbed
in...。
8．responsibility
n．责任，职责
[高考原句·2020·天津卷]
Through
the
activity，what
I
felt
is
that
I
am
able
to
shoulder
the
responsibility
and
make
us
stronger
and
more
determined.
(1)have
the/a
responsibility
to
do...有责任/有义务做……assume/accept/bear/take
full
responsibility
for
对……承担全部责任a
sense
of
responsibility
责任感(2)be
responsible
for
应对……负责；对……有责任
rights
and
responsibilities
权利和责任
take
responsibility
for
arranging
the
food
负责安排食物的事宜
a
strong
sense
of
responsibility
towards
parents
对父母强烈的责任感
have
no
responsibility
for
that
accident
对那个事故没有责任
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①The
court
feels
it
has
a
responsibility
to_ensure
(ensure)
that
customers
are
not
misled.
②You
should
be
responsible
for
what
you
did.
③(2019·江苏卷)
Her
responsibility(responsible)，her
privilege，would
be
to
rescue
it.
[链接写作]——完成句子
银行拒绝为这一错误承担责任。
The
bank
refuses
to_accept_responsibility_for_the_mistake.
9．run
out
(of)
用完，耗尽
run
out
结束；用完(主语为物，无被动语态)run
across
偶然遇到；穿过run
after
追赶；追求run
into
撞上；偶然遇见
run
out
of
fuel用完燃料
run
across
her
in
the
public
library
在公共图书馆碰巧遇见了她
run
after
every
new
fashion
赶时髦
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①So
many
places
of
interest
does
Beijing
offer
that
most
visitors
simply
ran
out
of
time
before
visiting
them
all.
②I
ran
across
some
old
letters
while
I
was
clearing
out
a
drawer.
[链接写作]——一句多译
这个男孩用完了钱，因此他不得不向父母求助。
①The
boy's
money
ran_out
so
he
had
to
ask
his
parents
for
help.(run)
②The
boy
ran_out_of_his_money
so
he
had
to
ask
his
parents
for
help.(run)
③The
boy's
money
gave_out/was_used_up
so
he
had
to
ask
his
parents
for
help.(give/use)
[易错辨析] 表示“用完”，run
out，give
out为不及物动词短语，其主语通常为物(时间、食物、金钱等)；run
out
of和use
up为及物动词短语，其主语一般为人。
10．pick
out
找出，挑选；辨认出，区分；领会，弄明白
[高考原句·2020·全国卷Ⅱ]
It
was
a
big
deal
for
us
to
load
up
and
go
to
the
local
library，where
my
kids
could
pick
out
books
to
read
or
books
they
wanted
me
to
read
to
them.
pick
up
拿起，捡起；收拾，整理；(偶然)学会；用车接；收听到；好转；感染pick
on
挑选；招惹；找茬儿；责备pick
off
摘去；逐个毁掉；瞄准射击
pick
out
the
meaning
of
the
passage
领会这篇文章的含义
pick
out
the
best
items
on
the
menu从菜单上选出最好的菜
pick
on
me
to
do
the
work
挑选我干这个工作
[基础练习]——写出下列句中pick
out的含义
①She
was
picked
out
from
dozens
of
applicants
for
the
job.挑选
②There
were
so
many
people
at
the
conference
that
I
couldn't
pick
him
out.辨认出
③Having
read
the
passage
many
times，I
finally
picked
out
its
main
idea.领会
[链接写作]——完成句子
他的小说被评委们评为最佳作品。
His
story
was_picked_out_as_the_best
by
the
judges.
11．(教材P25)
What
if
they
run
out?
如果它们用完了怎么办呢？
[句型公式] What
if...？意为“如果……将会怎样？即使……又有什么关系？”
(1)What
if...？为省略结构。what
if用于提出假设时，其后句子可用陈述语气(一般现在时)，也可用虚拟语气(通常为should＋动词原形)。
(2)What
for?
为何目的？为何理由？
What/How
about...?
……怎么样？
Guess
what?
你猜怎么着？
[金句推送] What
if
we
use
it
in
case
of
an
emergency?
如果我们在紧急事件中使用它，那又会是怎样？
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①What
if
anything
should
happen
to
the
child?
②How
about
going
shopping
and
seeing
a
show
in
London?
③Seven
months
ago
I
never
would
have
believed
this，but
guess
what？Bart
Conner
is
on
that
team.
[链接写作]——句式升级
(普通表达)If
I
fall
sick
and
can't
work，what
shall
I
do?
(高级表达)What_if_I_fall_sick
and
can't
work？(what
if开头的省略句)
12．(教材P31)
I
liked
it
when
you
told
that
joke.我喜欢你讲的那个笑话。
[句型公式] 句中like是及物动词，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语为when引导的从句。
(1)在表示喜爱、憎恶之类的动词后面常常用it作形式宾语，然后再加宾语从句作真正的宾语，这类动词有appreciate，enjoy，like，dislike，love，hate，prefer等。
(2)一些动词短语后面也常用it作形式宾语然后加真正的宾语，常见的有depend
on，rely
on，see
to(确保)等。
[金句推送]
I
dislike/hate
it
when
I
am
left
alone
to
start
a
conversation
with
a
stranger.
我不喜欢被单独留下来和一个陌生人聊天。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①I
don't
like
it
when
the
weather
gets
really
cold.
②We
can
depend
on
it
that
he
will
arrive
here
on
time.
[链接写作]——完成句子
你能保证今天下午一切都准备就绪吗？
Can
you
see
to
it_that_everything_is_ready
this
afternoon?
夯基固本——基础强化
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．Last
but
not
least，it's
everyone's
responsibility
to_make
(make)
good
use
of
water.
2．The
doctor
is
performing
an
operation
(operate)
on
the
injured
child.
3．It
is
especially
important
to
make
a
good
first
impression
(impress)
at
a
job
interview.
4．Absorbed
(absorb)
in
his
work，he
didn't
hear
what
I
said.
5．Emergency
measures
have_been_taken
(take)
to
reduce
the
emission
of
carbon
dioxide
so
far.
6．The
belief
(believe)
that
one
should
work
hard
is
rooted
in
our
culture.
7．She
has
had
a
number
of
different
jobs，ranging
(range)
from
chef
to
swimming
instructor.
8．We
would
appreciate
you
letting
(let)
us
know
of
any
problem.
9．Some
villagers
reported
a
huge
snake，measuring(measure)
over
two
metres，was
found
dead
in
a
nearby
cave.
10．She
was
going
over
to
her
parents'
house
to__pick(pick)
up
some
clean
clothes
for
Oskar.
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．I
hate
it
when
you
don't
say
what
you
are
thinking.
2．People
used
to
hold
the
belief
that
the
earth
was
the
centre
of
the
universe.
3．Don't
worry.If
anything
goes
wrong，I'll
take
responsibility
for
it.
4．I'd
appreciate
it
if
you
could
let
me
know
in
advance
whether
or
not
you
will
come.
5．We
have
already
run
out
of
money
and
I
don't
know
what
to
do
next.
Ⅲ.在下列句子中找出一处错误并改正。
1．I
hate
when
they
talk
with
their
mouth
full
of
food.在hate后加it
2．I
think
you'll
need
to
get
a
suit
made
to
your
measures.measures→measure
3．She
seemed
totally
absorbing
in
her
book
and
didn't
realize
that
it
was
lunchtime.absorbing→absorbed
4．Hurry
up！Our
time
is
running
out
of.去掉of
5．There
is
a
general
belief
which
things
will
soon
get
better.which→that
6．She
picked
out
Spanish
when
she
was
living
in
Mexico.out→up
查缺补漏——知识拾遗
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．A
large
quantity
of
air
conditioners
have_been_sold(sell)
since
the
summer
came.
2．The
film
star
got
arrested(arrest)
for
possession
of
illegal
drugs.
3．The
more
difficult
the
questions
are，the
less_likely(likely)
he
is
to
answer
them.
4．Large
quantities
of
food
are_wasted
(waste)
because
of
the
way
it
looks.
5．Since
her
arrival
(arrive)
at
the
department，she
has
been
a
recoganized
authority
on
the
subject.
6．The
apartment
is
too
small
and
I
want
one
three
times
larger(large)．
7．Though
willing(will)
to
get
started，we
cannot
seem
to
do
the
job
right.
8．I
often
do
absent?minded
things，particularly(particular)
when
I'm
worried.
9．People
who
eat
slowly
tend
to_consume(consume)
about
70
fewer
calories
per
meal
than
those
who
rush
through
their
meals.
10．However，just
12%
of
disaster?relief
funding
in
the
past
two
decades(decade)
has
gone
on
reducing
risks
in
advance.
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．Honestly
speaking，people
who
break
traffic
rules
are
on
the
decrease.
2．It
was
a
good
concert—I
enjoyed
the
last
song
in
particular.
3．We
opened
the
floor
to
the
different
suggestions
that
they
had
made
at
the
meeting.
4．They
debated
about/on/over
who
was
to
blame
for
the
traffic
accident
until
it
was
9
o'clock.
5．It
was
shocking
that
the
mayor
was
arrested
after
he
took
office
for
less
than
a
year.
6．She
found
herself
in
conflict
with
her
parents
over
her
future
career.
强技提能——语言应用
Ⅰ.语法填空
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请按要求补全短文，并背诵该短文。
Dear
James，
Recently，we
had
a
heated
debate
1.over
the
massive
usage
of
robots
in
industry.It
is
reported
that
the
number
of
robots
used
in
industry
is
five
times
2.more(many)
than
ten
years
ago.Large
3.quantities(quantity)
of
robots，which
are
easy
4.to_operate
(operate)，will
be
put
in
use
in
the
near
future.Robots
can
help
cut
back
5.on
cost，and
6.particularly(particular)，improve
the
production.Some
believe
that
the
more
robots
are
used，the
7.better(good)
it
is
for
our
development.But
I
hold
8.the
belief
that
it
may
cause
high
unemployment.Our
government
should
take
the
9.responsibility(responsible)
to
take
effective
measures
to
help
those
workers
losing
their
jobs.
I
would
appreciate
10.it
if
you
could
give
us
your
opinions.Looking
forward
to
your
reply.
Yours，
Li
Hua
Ⅱ.书面表达
Step
1.要点提示(黑体字部分要使用本单元所学词汇)
①随着经济的发展，环境变得越来越糟。
With_the_development_of_economy，the
environment
is
getting
worse
and
worse.
②到了我们采取措施来保护环境的时候了。
It's
time
for
us
to_take_measures_to_protect
the
environment.
③培养责任感是非常重要的。
It's
very
important
to_develop_our_sense_of_responsibility.
④当我们意识到环保的重要性时，我们才会尽职尽责。
When
we
realize_the_importance_of_protecting
the
environment
we
are
willing
to_do_our_parts
for
it.
⑤我们应该尝试改变我们的生活方式。
We
should
try_to_change_our_way_of_life.
⑥回收利用我们使用过的东西。
Recycle_the_things
that
have
been
used.
⑦我们应该尽力减少环境污染，以使我们生活得更美好。
We
should
try_our_best_to_cut_back_on
pollution
of
the
environment
to
live_a_better_life.
Step
2.表达升级(改变所给句子的结构以使表达升级)
(1)利用It's
time
that...升级1中的句②
It's_time_that_we_took/should_take_measures_to_protect_the_environment.
(2)利用“only＋状语从句”位于句首倒装升级1中的句④
Only_when_we_realize_the_importance_of_protecting_the_environment_are_we_willing_to_do_our_parts_for_it.
(3)利用in
order
that引导目的状语从句升级1中的句⑦
We_should_try_our_best_to_cut_back_on_pollution_of_the_environment_in_order_that_we_can_live_a_better_life.
Step
3.衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)
With
the
development
of
economy，the
environment
is
getting
worse
and
worse.So
it's
time
that
we
took
measures
to
protect
the
environment.Firstly，it's
very
important
to
develop
our
sense
of
responsibility.Only
when
we
realize
the
importance
of
protecting
the
environment
are
we
willing
to
do
our
parts
for
it.Secondly，we
should
try
to
change
our
way
of
life.Thirdly，recycle
the
things
that
have
been
used.Above
all，we
should
try
our
best
to
cut
back
on
pollution
of
the
environment
in
order
that
we
can
live
a
better
life.
PAGE
