Unit
3
Diverse
Cultures
课时素养检测
九 Unit
3 Period
1
Ⅰ.
阅读理解
A
The
modern
pizza
was
originally
invented
in
Naples,
Italy,
but
the
word
pizza
is
Greek
in
origin,
derived
from
the
Greek
word
pēktos
meaning
solid
or
clotted.
The
ancient
Greeks
covered
their
bread
with
oils,
herbs
and
cheese.
The
first
major
innovation
that
led
to
flatbread
pizza
was
the
use
of
tomato
as
a
topping.
It
was
common
for
the
poor
of
the
area
around
Naples
to
add
tomatoes
to
their
yeast-based
flatbread,
and
so
the
pizza
began.
While
it
is
difficult
to
say
for
sure
who
invented
the
pizza,
it
is
however
believed
that
modern
pizza
was
first
made
by
baker
Raffaele
Esposito
of
Naples.
In
fact,
a
popular
urban
legend
holds
that
the
archetypal(原型的)
pizza,
Pizza
Margherita,
was
invented
in
1890,
when
the
Royal
Palace
of
Capodimonte
asked
the
Neapolitan
pizzaiolo
Raffaele
Esposito
to
create
a
pizza
in
honor
of
the
visiting
Queen
Margherita.
Of
the
three
different
pizzas
he
created,
the
Queen
strongly
preferred
a
pie
wrapped
in
the
colors
of
the
Italian
flag
:
red(tomato),
green(basil),
and
white(mozzarella).
Supposedly,
this
kind
of
pizza
was
then
named
after
the
Queen
as
Pizza
Margherita.
Later,
the
dish
has
become
popular
in
many
parts
of
the
world:
?The
first
pizzeria,
Antica
Pizzeria
Port’Alba,
was
opened
in
1830
in
Naples.
?In
North
America,
the
first
pizzeria
was
opened
in
1905
by
Gennaro
Lombardi
at
53
Spring
Street
in
New
York
City.
?The
first
Pizza
Hut,
the
chain
of
pizza
restaurants,
appeared
in
the
United
States
in
1958.
?Nowadays,
many
varieties
of
pizza
exist
worldwide,
along
with
several
dish
variants
based
upon
pizza.
【语篇概述】本文主要介绍了比萨的历史起源。
1.
What’s
mainly
talked
about
in
the
text?
A.
Ways
of
making
pizza.
B.
The
history
of
pizza.
C.
Varieties
of
pizza.
D.
Stories
about
pizza.
【解析】选B。主旨大意题。根据第一段的“The
modern
pizza
was
originally
invented
in
Naples,
Italy,
but
the
word
pizza
is
Greek
in
origin”
以及文章的整体内容可知,
本文主要介绍了比萨的历史起源。
2.
What
can
replace
the
underlined
word
“derived”
in
Paragraph
1?
A.
Separated.
B.
Adapted.
C.
Originated.
D.
Transformed.
【解析】选C。词义猜测题。根据第一段的“The
modern
pizza
was
originally
invented
in
Naples,
Italy”可知,
此处说的是比萨起源于希腊单词
“pēktos”,
故划线词意为“发源,
开始”,
故选C。
3.
How
was
pizza
first
started?
A.
Ancient
Greeks
covered
their
bread
with
oils,
herbs
and
cheese.
B.
People
in
Naples
added
tomatoes
to
their
bread
as
a
topping.
C.
Raffaele
Esposito
wrapped
a
pie
in
the
colors
of
the
Italian
flag.
D.
Queen
Margherita
awarded
her
name
to
pizza
in
the
Royal
Palace.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句可知,
那不勒斯人先在面包上用西红柿作为配料,
由此开创了比萨这种食品,
故选
B。
4.
What
can
be
learned
from
the
text?
A.
Pizza
remains
popular
around
the
world.
B.
The
first
Pizza
Hut
was
opened
in
Naples.
C.
The
taste
of
pizza
stays
the
same
over
time.
D.
Gennaro
Lombardi
was
the
first
to
make
pizza.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段的“Later,
the
dish
has
become
popular
in
many
parts
of
the
world”和文章最后一句“Nowadays,
many
varieties
of
pizza
exist
worldwide,
along
with
several
dish
variants
based
upon
pizza.
”可知,
比萨现在在全世界依然很受欢迎,
故选
A。
B
The
British
are
known
for
their
sense
of
humour.
However,
it
is
often
difficult
for
foreigners
to
understand
their
jokes.
The
main
point
to
remember
is
that
the
British
often
use
understatement.
Understatement
means
saying
less
than
you
think
or
feel.
For
example,
if
someone
gets
very
wet
in
a
shower
of
rain,
he
might
say,
“It’s
a
little
damp(潮湿的)
outside.
”Or,
if
someone
is
very
impolite
and
shouts
at
another
person,
someone
else
might
say,
“She
isn’t
exactly
friendly.
”Understatement
is
often
used
in
an
unpleasant
situation
or
to
make
another
person
look
silly.
Understatement
plays
an
important
part
in
British
humour.
Another
key
to
understanding
British
humour
is
that
the
British
like
to
make
fun
of
themselves
as
well
as
others.
They
often
laugh
about
the
silly
and
unpleasant
things
that
happen
to
our
everyday
life
when
someone
accidentally
falls
over
in
the
street.
They
also
like
to
make
jokes
about
people
from
different
classes
of
society.
They
like
to
make
jokes
about
their
accents,
the
way
they
dress
and
the
way
they
behave.
What’s
more,
the
British
love
to
watch
comedies
about
people
who
do
not
know
how
to
behave
in
society.
The
comedy
series
Mr
Bean
is
a
good
example
of
this
kind
of
humour.
Mr
Bean
is
the
character
created
by
British
actor
Rowan
Atkinson
in
1990.
Mr
Bean
doesn’t
talk
often,
and
instead
he
uses
his
body
movement
and
facial
expressions
to
make
people
laugh.
Perhaps
what
makes
Mr
Bean
so
funny
is
that
he
does
things
that
adults
in
the
real
world
cannot
do.
Mr
Bean
is
popular
in
many
countries
round
the
world
because
you
do
not
have
to
speak
English
to
understand
the
humour.
Because
of
this,
many
people
have
become
familiar
with
the
British
sense
of
humour.
【语篇概述】本文为说明文,
主要介绍了英国人幽默的主要特点是轻描淡写和喜欢开自己和他人的玩笑。
5.
Why
is
it
difficult
for
foreigners
to
understand
British
jokes?
A.
The
British
often
stick
to
the
facts.
B.
British
jokes
are
involved
with
many
different
cultures.
C.
British
jokes
are
not
as
funny
as
jokes
in
other
countries.
D.
The
British
try
to
make
out
that
something
is
less
important
than
it
is.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句以及第二段第一句可知,
英国文化(包含英国幽默)的主要特点就是对叙述的事情轻描淡写,
故选D项。
6.
The
author
explains
understatement
by
______.
?
A.
describing
a
process
B.
making
comparisons
C.
following
time
order
D.
using
examples
【解析】选D。推理判断题。第二段所举的两个例子旨在说明英国人喜欢轻描淡写,
由此可知选D项。
7.
Mr
Bean
makes
people
laugh
by
______.
?
A.
using
his
body
movement
and
facial
expressions
B.
making
jokes
about
others’
accents
C.
copying
others’
behavior
D.
telling
funny
stories
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句.
.
.
he
uses
his
body
movement
and
facial
expressions
to
make
people
laugh可知选A项。
8.
What
can
be
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A.
British
Humour
in
Comedy
B.
Humour
in
Different
Cultures
C.
Understanding
British
Humour
D.
Developing
Your
Sense
of
Humour
【解析】选C。标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了英国人幽默的主要特点是轻描淡写和喜欢开自己和他人的玩笑,
故Understanding
British
Humour为最佳标题,
故选C项。
Ⅱ.
阅读填句
根据短文内容,
从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Perhaps
you
have
heard
the
expression
“When
in
Rome,
do
as
the
Romans
do.
”
So
when
you
want
to
do
business
in
France,
you
have
to
get
to
know
French
culture,
make
marketing
plans,
and
run
your
business
by
local
laws.
1
The
French
take
great
pride
in
their
language,
so
anyone
who
does
not
speak
it
may
run
the
risk
of
being
disrespected
by
his
French
colleagues
or
business
partners.
Also,
another
reason
why
learning
French
is
important
is
that
it
is
a
great
way
to
show
every
possible
French
business
partner
that
you
care
and
respect
their
country’s
culture
and
language.
?
The
first
thing
that
you
should
do
when
meeting
someone
new
is
to
shake
his
hand
firmly
and
always
look
at
the
person
in
the
eye.
In
social
meetings
with
friends,
kissing
is
common.
Use
first
names
only
after
being
invited
to.
2
The
French
will
sometimes
introduce
themselves
using
their
surname
first,
followed
by
their
first
name.
?
Dress
well.
3
Your
business
clothing
is
a
reflection
of
your
success
and
social
status.
Always
try
to
be
tasteful
and
stylish.
Women
are
advised
to
dress
simply
but
elegantly.
Wearing
make-up
is
practiced
widely
by
business
women.
?
The
French
are
passionate
about
food,
so
lunches
are
common
in
doing
business
in
France,
which
usually
consist
of
an
appetizer,
a
main
meal
with
wine,
cheese,
dessert
and
coffee,
and
normally
take
up
to
two
hours.
4 ?
Do
not
begin
eating
until
the
host
says
“bon
appetite”.
Pass
dishes
to
the
left,
keep
wrists
above
the
table
and
try
to
eat
everything
on
the
plate.
5
This
may
suggest
that
you
find
the
food
tasteless.
If
eating
in
a
restaurant,
the
person
who
makes
an
invitation
always
pays.
?
A.
Remember
to
be
as
polite
as
possible.
B.
This
is
a
time
for
relationship
building.
C.
Use
Monsieur
or
Madame
before
the
surname.
D.
Be
careful
with
adding
salt,
pepper
or
sauces
to
your
food.
E.
Make
an
appointment
with
your
business
partner
in
advance.
F.
The
French
draw
information
about
people
based
on
their
appearance.
G.
Language
should
be
the
focus
of
anyone
planning
to
do
business
in
France.
【语篇概述】本文为一篇说明文。在法国做生意,
就要了解法国的文化。文章介绍了与法国人做生意有关的文化和注意事项。
1.
【解析】选G。该段内容介绍了在法国做生意时学习法语的重要性,
故该句应提出“法语学习很重要”这个话题。分析选项可知,
G项(语言应该成为所有打算在法国做生意的人的焦点)的意思就是说明法语的重要性。故G选项正确。
2.
【解析】选C。结合下一句“The
French
will
sometimes
introduce
themselves
using
their
surname
first,
followed
by
their
first
name.
”中的surname可知,
本段与surname有关,
分析选项只有C(Use
Monsieur
or
Madame
before
the
surname)与此相关,
故C项正确。
3.
【解析】选F。根据下一句“Your
business
clothing
is
a
reflection
of
your
success
and
social
status.
”
(你的商务着装是成功和社会地位的反映。)可以看出,
着装在商业活动中的重要性。因此F选项(法国人会根据对方的外表来得出有关对方的信息)与此相符,
故选F项。
4.
【解析】选B。根据本段的第一句“The
French
are
passionate
about
food,
so
lunches
are
common
in
doing
business
in
France,
”可知,
午餐在商业活动中是常见的,
可推断出这是建立商业关系的最佳时间。分析选项可知,
选项B(这是一个建立关系的好时机)符合语境,
故选B项。
5.
【解析】选D。该段介绍的是进餐时需要注意的地方。由下一句“This
may
suggest
that
you
find
the
food
tasteless”(这可能意味着你发现食物没有味道)并分析选项,
可知D项(在食物中添加盐,
辣椒或酱汁要当心)符合你的食物没有味道时的反应,
故选D项。
【素养培优】
以“What
can
we
benefit
from
traveling?
”为题,
写一篇60个词左右的英语短文。
What
can
we
benefit
from
traveling?
?
First
of
all,
travel
can
widen
our
knowledge
of
geography,
the
knowledge
of
customs,
cultures
and
lifestyles
of
different
places
and
countries.
Secondly,
we
can
make
friends
and
practise
a
foreign
language
through
traveling.
Finally,
travel
is
the
best
way
of
pastime.
We
can
enjoy
eating
various
food
and
seeing
beautiful
scenery.
?
阅读理解
A
new
course
on
world
heritage,
and
its
conservation
offers
a
good
opportunity
for
the
young
people
to
learn
about
the
heritage
(遗产)
of
humanity
and
gain
a
sense
of
responsibility
to
help
protect
the
planet
we
live
on.
According
to
a
world
heritage
education
programme
jointly
launched
by
the
United
Nations
Educational,
Scientific
and
Cultural
Organization
(UNESCO)
and
China’s
Ministry
of
Education,
the
course
will
first
be
offered
at
several
schools
in
Beijing
before
being
included
as
a
mandatory
course
(必修课)
for
high
school
students
nationwide.
The
new
course
covers
photos
slide
shows
and
documentaries
on
the
magnificence
of
the
world
heritage
sites.
The
class
aims
to
tell
children
what
world
heritage
is
and
why
and
how
it
should
be
protected.
A
total
of
171
nations,
including
China,
have
signed
the
Convention
Concerning
the
Protection
of
World
Cultural
and
Natural
Heritage.
Listed
are
754
sites
all
over
the
world,
of
which
29
are
in
China—the
third
most
after
Spain
and
Italy.
Currently,
protection
of
the
country’s
cultural
and
natural
resources
leaves
much
to
be
desired.
Education
is
undoubtedly
the
best
way
to
cultivate
people’s
sense
for
protecting
cultural
and
natural
resources.
The
introduction
of
such
a
programme
in
Chinese
classrooms
will
certainly
help
our
young
people
realize
the
significance
of
common
heritage,
learning
about
world
heritage
sites,
the
history
and
traditions
of
different
cultures,
ecology,
and
the
importance
of
protecting
biological
and
cultural
diversity.
More
importantly,
it
will
help
cultivate
a
sense
of
responsibility
in
the
minds
of
young
participants.
This
is
critical
in
protecting
these
cultural
and
natural
legacies,
as
well
as
our
living
environment
and
the
limited
resources
for
sustainable
development.
【语篇概述】这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了文化保护和自然资源的保护,
作者讲到保护中国的文化和自然资源还有很多值得期待的地方,
而教育无疑是培养人们保护文化和自然资源的最佳方式。
1.
Which
of
the
statements
is
TRUE
according
to
the
passage?
A.
The
world
heritage
education
programme
was
jointly
launched
by
the
United
States
and
China’s
Ministry
of
Education.
B.
The
course
will
first
be
offered
at
all
the
schools
in
Beijing.
C.
Protection
of
the
country’s
cultural
and
natural
resources
has
been
perfect
thanks
to
people’s
efforts.
D.
China
ranks
high
among
the
countries
with
29
sites
listed
on
the
list.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段中的A
total
of
171
nations,
including
China,
have
signed
the
Convention
Concerning
the
Protection
of
World
Cultural
and
Natural
Heritage.
Listed
are
754
sites
all
over
the
world,
of
which
29
are
in
China—
the
third
most
after
Spain
and
Italy.
可知,
包括中国在内的171个国家签署了《世界文化和自然遗产保护公约》。世界上共有754处世界文化和自然遗产,
其中29处在中国,
仅次于西班牙和意大利,
位居世界第三。由此可知,
中国以29个世界文化和自然遗产排名较高。故选D。
2.
What
can
you
expect
to
learn
at
the
class?
A.
What
world
heritage
is.
B.
Why
we
should
protect
world
heritage.
C.
How
world
heritage
should
be
protected.
D.
All
of
the
above.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段中的The
class
aims
to
tell
children
what
world
heritage
is
and
why
and
how
it
should
be
protected.
可知,
这门课的目的是告诉孩子们什么是世界遗产,
为什么以及如何保护它。由此可知,
在课堂上可以学到什么是世界遗产,
为什么我们要保护世界遗产,
以及如何保护世界遗产。故选D。
3.
The
underlined
word
“cultivate”
in
the
third
paragraph
probably
means
“______”.
?
A.
employ B.
affect
C.
develop
D.
appreciate
【解析】选C。词义猜测题。根据下文people’s
sense
for
protecting
cultural
and
natural
resources.
可知,
目前,
国家的文化和自然资源的保护还有许多不足之处。教育无疑是培养人们保护文化和自然资源意识的最佳途径。故划线单词意思为“培养”。故选C。
4.
What’s
the
purpose
of
the
passage?
A.
To
inform
us
of
the
reason
for
protecting
the
heritage.
B.
To
tell
us
the
way
to
protect
the
heritage.
C.
To
tell
us
a
new
course.
D.
To
tell
us
heritage
preservation
starts
with
education.
【解析】选D。写作意图题。根据倒数第三段最后一句Education
is
undoubtedly
the
best
way
to
cultivate
people’s
sense
for
protecting
cultural
and
natural
resources.
可知,
教育无疑是培养人们保护文化和自然资源意识的最佳途径。结合本文讲述了文化保护和自然资源的保护,
而教育无疑是培养人们保护文化和自然资源的最佳方式。由此可推知,
本文的目的是告诉我们遗产保护从教育抓起。故选D。
PAGEUnit
3
Diverse
Cultures
课时素养检测
十 Unit
3 Period
2
Ⅰ.
阅读理解
A
Researchers
are
often
interested
in
how
culture
changes
over
time.
All
cultures
go
through
periods
of
change
and
some
cultures
change
faster
than
others.
For
example,
in
the
past
10
years,
Chinese
culture
has
changed
rapidly
as
western
products
have
become
popular.
Other
countries,
such
as
France,
have
created
rules
to
prevent
their
culture
from
changing
too
quickly.
Even
though
cultures
change
at
different
paces,
the
causes
of
cultural
change
are
quite
similar
around
the
world.
In
the
United
States
the
invention
and
development
of
birth
control
pills
and
other
measures
helped
parents
to
limit
the
size
of
their
families.
As
a
result,
families
grew
smaller
and
parents
could
give
more
attention
to
fewer
children.
On
the
other
hand,
new
technology
has
also
created
emotional
distance
among
families.
Cultures
also
change
when
they
come
into
contact
with
other
cultures.
Immigration,
for
example,
often
results
in
cultural
change
for
both
immigrants
and
the
host
culture.
Immigrants
often
bring
with
them
different
ideas,
food,
music,
languages,
and
manners
when
they
move
to
a
new
culture.
In
Canada,
for
example,
the
government
has
a
policy
of
multiculturalism
where
immigrants
are
encouraged
to
share
their
background
cultures
with
Canadians
while
adopting
and
accepting
Canadian
culture.
Cultural
change
can
occur
due
to
larger
events.
For
example,
economic
depression,
war,
and
disaster
can
endanger
societies,
which
must
adapt
to
these
challenges
and
events.
Because
of
these
changes
in
society,
ideas
and
ways
of
life
also
affect
the
entire
culture.
For
example,
during
World
War
Ⅱ,
many
American
men
were
sent
far
off
to
fight.
Consequently,
women
suddenly
needed
to
work
in
the
factories.
As
a
result
of
this
change,
it
is
no
longer
culturally
acceptable
to
believe
that
they
should
not
have
the
right
to
work.
【语篇概述】本文属于议论文。主题语境是社会与文化。本文主要讨论了文化变迁的几种原因。
1.
In
the
first
paragraph
which
country
has
experienced
rapid
cultural
change
in
the
last
decade?
A.
Canada.
B.
China.
C.
France.
D.
America.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据文章第一段“For
example,
in
the
past
10
years,
Chinese
culture
has
changed
rapidly
as
western
products
have
become
popular.
”可知,
在过去的十年里,
中国文化变化非常快,
故选B。
2.
What
will
probably
be
talked
about
following
the
last
paragraph?
A.
Another
reason
for
cultural
change.
B.
A
discussion
of
immigration
policy
in
France.
C.
Another
cultural
change
caused
by
World
War
Ⅱ.
D.
Some
examples
of
highly
successful
working
women.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据“Cultures
also
change
when
they
come
into
contact
with
other
cultures.
”以及“Cultural
change
can
occur
due
to
larger
events.
”分别提出了文化变迁的两种不同原因,
故而接下来还会提出一种不同的原因,
故选A。
3.
What
would
be
the
best
title
for
this
passage?
A.
Immigration
Policy
and
Culture
B.
Immigration
and
Culture
C.
New
Technology
and
Family
Culture
D.
Theories
of
Cultural
Change
【解析】选D。主旨大意题。本文主要讨论了文化变迁的几种原因,
故而以“文化变迁理论”为标题符合文意,
故选D。
B
In
a
recent
study
of
19-month-olds,
University
of
Chicago
doctoral
student
Lauren
Howard
found
that
children
who
heard
various
languages
in
their
neighborhoods
were
more
receptive
to
people
who
spoke
languages
other
than
their
parents’
language.
“We
measured
imitation.
At
this
age,
that’s
how
they
show
us
their
willingness
to
learn,
”explained
Howard.
The
lead
author
of
the
report
titled
Neighborhood
Linguistic
Diversity
Predicts
Infants’
Social
Learning.
The
experiments
tested
how
well
the
babies
could
learn
new
tasks
from
a
non-English
speaker.
The
study,
which
included
82
children
from
the
Chicago
and
Washington
areas,
was
in
the
November
issue
of
Cognition.
“Babies
are
not
only
affected
by
parents
and
caregivers---
previous
studies
proved
that—but
also
by
people
they
hear
at
the
store
or
on
the
bus,
”Howard
said.
“Incidental
exposure
matters.
”
The
study
indicates
that
kids
in
diverse
communities
may
grow
up
to
have
open
minds.
Good
news
for
families
living
in
such
neighborhoods---
but
can
other
families
do
something
to
increase
children’s
cultural
exposure?
Cultural
diversity
can
be
within
reach,
even
in
unlikely
areas.
Although
she
grew
up
in
not
very
diverse,
Julie,
23,
said
she
picked
up
much
knowledge
about
other
languages
and
cultures
from
many
students,
her
family
hosted
through
the
AFS-USA
international
student
exchange
program.
“It’s
the
little
differences
that
make
you
more
understanding
and
less
judgmental,
”Julie
said
“Yuilya
from
Kazakhstan,
for
example,
was
very
disciplined
because
she
couldn’t
go
to
college
unless
her
grades
were
good.
Matias
from
Paraguay
wasn’t
used
to
being
on
time
because
his
culture
is
more
laid-back.
”
For
families
unable
to
host
a
student
for
a
whole
year,
AFS-USA
offers
other
volunteer
opportunities,
such
as
being
“welcome
families”to
ease
students’
transitions(过渡).
But
there
are
countless
ways
to
expose
kids
to
other
countries,
said
Lucas,
author
of
“Growing
Up
Global:
Raising
Children
to
Be
at
Home
in
the
World.
”
Just
a
few
of
her
tips:
Take
the
kids
to
foreign
films.
Try
exotic
restaurants.
Put
a
world
map
on
the
wall.
Help
your
children’s
teachers
make
global
classrooms.
Encourage
the
kids
to
invite
friends
of
other
cultures
for
dinner.
“They’ll
thank
you
later,
”Lucas
said.
【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文,
介绍了多元文化对孩子的影响以及如何帮助孩子接触到多元文化。
4.
What
does
Howard
stress
by
saying
“Incidental
exposure
matters”?
A.
Babies
are
also
influenced
by
people
outside
their
home.
B.
Parents
fail
to
realize
the
importance
of
incidental
learning.
C.
Parents
and
caregivers
have
more
influence
on
babies.
D.
Babies
learn
little
knowledge
at
the
store
or
on
the
bus.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第四段中的Babies
are
not
only
affected
by
parents
and
caregivers—previous
studies
proved
that—but
also
by
people
they
hear
at
the
store
or
on
the
bus可知,
研究证明,
婴儿不仅受到父母和照顾者的影响,
而且还受到他们在商店或公共汽车上听到的人的影响,
由此可知,
Howard说的“偶然接触很重要”的意思是孩子与家人之外的人的偶然接触是很重要的,
因为这些偶然接触也会影响孩子,
即婴儿也会受到家庭以外的人的影响,
故选A。
5.
How
was
Julie
exposed
to
different
cultures?
A.
She
frequently
volunteered
in
some
welcome
families.
B.
She
lived
in
neighborhoods
with
various
language
learning.
C.
She
was
a
member
of
the
AFS-USA
program.
D.
She
learned
from
the
foreign
students
living
in
her
home.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第六段中的Julie,
23,
said
she
picked
up
much
knowledge
about
other
languages
and
cultures
from
many
students,
her
family
hosted
through
the
AFS-USA
international
student
exchange
program.
可知,
Julie从家里接待的国际学生交流项目的留学生那里学到了很多关于其他语言和文化的知识,
故选D。
6.
Which
might
be
Julie’s
attitude
to
Matias’s
lateness?
A.
Curious.
B.
Happy.
C.
Tolerant.
D.
Anger.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第七段中的“It’s
the
little
differences
that
make
you
more
understanding
and
less
judgmental,
”
Julie
said可知,
Julie可能对Matias的迟到表示宽容,
故选C。
7.
What
are
Lucas’s
tips
mainly
about?
A.
How
to
improve
children’s
behavior.
B.
How
to
teach
children
foreign
languages.
C.
How
to
better
communicate
with
children.
D.
How
to
help
children
seek
diversity.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段内容并结合倒数第二段中的But
there
are
countless
ways
to
expose
kids
to
other
countries,
said
Lucas可知Lucas的建议主要是关于如何帮助孩子接触到多元文化,
故选D。
Ⅱ.
完形填空
We
were
three
thousand
miles
away
from
home
on
a
Volunteerism
Road
Trip.
Our
funds
were
running
low,
so
we
had
two
goals
today:
First,
try
out
our
“Smile!
”
signs
and
see
how
much
kindness
and
joy
we
could 1 .
Second,
raise
$80
enough
for
gas
to
Portland
by
2
on
the
street.
?
We
weren’t
sure
how
people
would
3
to
our
signs.
It’s
so
easy
to
walk 4 past
a
busy
crowd,
lost
in
your
own
world
and
feeling
alone
5 being
surrounded
by
hundreds
of
people.
I
6
raised
up
our
signs
and
shouted,
“Hi
there!
”
to
a
young
couple.
They
looked
over,
momently
7
then
read
my
sign
and
broke
into
smiles.
This
might
work.
Before
long,
our
signs
were
wildly
popular.
The
signs
are
8
an
invitation
to
“Smile!
”
They’re
also
a(n)
9
to
connect
with
strangers
and
to
remember
we’re
not
alone
in
this
world.
?
In
fact,
we
got
so
10
in
our
“Smile!
”
project
that
we
forgot
our
other
goal.
11 I
knew
it,
the
sun
was
setting,
but
we
had
no
12
for
our
trip.
We
sat
down
to
watch
a
musician
play
guitar
while
we
13 what
performances
we’d
do
to
raise
the
money.
The
musician
was
packing
up
when
suddenly
a
passer-by
kicked
over
his
14 ,
so
we
rushed
to
help
him.
We
told
him
about
our
story,
which
made
him
so
touched
that
he
wanted
to
offer
us
financial
15 .
He
gave
all
the
change
picked
up
by
us.
It’s
exactly
$80----
somehow
the
magic
of
kindness
was
to
get
us
exactly
what
we
needed---
$80
enough
to
get
us
back
to
Portland
again.
This
world
is
really
filled
with
good
people
we
just
don’t
know
yet.
?
【语篇概述】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者跟朋友在做一次志愿服务旅行,
这次的目的是在陌生人之间传播善意的微笑,
并且筹集回家的资金,
最后作者圆满地完成了两个任务。
1.
A.
research B.
plan
C.
spread
D.
create
【解析】选C。考查动词。根据空前的how
much
kindness
and
joy
we
could可知,
作者是想看看在陌生人之间能传播多少的善意和欢乐。故选C项。
2.
A.
performing
B.
begging
C.
selling
D.
advertising
【解析】选A。考查非谓语动词。根据下文的______what
performances
we’d
do
to
raise
the
money可知作者想通过街头表演筹集一些钱。故选A项。?
3.
A.
appeal
B.
object
C.
react
D.
refer
【解析】选C。考查动词。根据语境,
此处作者是不确定有多少人会回应我们的“微笑”牌子。故选C项。
4.
A.
curiously
B.
impatiently
C.
doubtfully
D.
hurriedly
【解析】选D。考查副词。根据空后的past
a
busy
crowd,
lost
in
your
own
world可知,
人们一般都匆匆走过。故选D项。
5.
A.
in
spite
of
B.
in
place
of
C.
in
case
of
D.
in
need
of
【解析】选A。考查短语。根据空后的being
surrounded
by
hundreds
of
people可知,
此处是说,
尽管被数百人围着,
但是(我们)依然感觉是独身一人。in
spite
of“尽管”;
in
place
of“代替”;
in
case
of“以防”;
in
need
of“需要”。故选A项。
6.
A.
secretly
B.
proudly
C.
randomly
D.
nervously
【解析】选D。考查副词。根据上文的We
weren’t
sure
how
people
would
______to
our
signs.
可知,
作者不确定有多少人回应自己,
所以很紧张地举起自己的牌子。故选D项。?
7.
A.
confused
B.
frightened
C.
annoyed
D.
shocked
【解析】选A。考查形容词。根据常识,
当作者突然跟这对夫妇打招呼,
他们开始的反应是暂时的困惑。故选A项。
8.
A.
rather
than
B.
more
than
C.
less
than
D.
or
rather
【解析】选B。考查短语。根据下文的They’re
also
a(n)
______to
connect
with
strangers
and
to
remember
we’re
not
alone
in
this
world.
可知,
这牌子不仅是微笑的邀请函。故选B项。?
9.
A.
message
B.
passage
C.
excuse
D.
art
【解析】选C。考查名词。根据语境,
这些牌子不仅是微笑的邀请函,
它们也是联系陌生人的一个借口。故选C项。
10.
A.
occupied
B.
charged
C.
stuck
D.
experienced
【解析】选A。考查动词。根据空后的in
our
“Smile!
”
project
that
we
forgot
our
other
goal可知,
作者跟朋友太忙于传播微笑,
而忘了筹集回家的钱。be
occupied
in
“忙于……”。故选A。
11.
A.
Before
B.
As
C.
After
D.
Although
【解析】选A。考查连词。根据空后的I
knew
it,
可知,
此处是说不知不觉,
天色已晚。before
I
knew
it意为“不知不觉中”。故选A项。
12.
A.
time
B.
money
C.
hope
D.
consideration
【解析】选B。考查名词。根据上文可知,
作者他们依然没有回家的钱。故选B项。
13.
A.
brought
about
B.
reflected
on
C.
sought
after
D.
set
about
【解析】选B。考查短语。根据空后的what
performances
we’d
do
to
raise
the
money可知,
作者在看着这位音乐人弹吉他的同时,
在考虑该做什么表演来筹集路费。reflected
on思考;
brought
about导致;
sought
after追寻;
set
about着手。故选B
项。
14.
A.
poster
B.
water
bottle
C.
guitar
stand
D.
change
jar
【解析】选D。考查名词。根据下文的all
the
change
picked
up
by
us可知,
一位路人踢翻了他的零钱罐。故选D项。
15.
A.
regulation
B.
issue
C.
assistance
D.
freedom
【解析】选C。考查名词。根据下文的It’s
exactly
$80可知,
这位音乐人给了作者金钱的援助。故选C项。
语法填空
阅读下面材料,
在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tayeb
is
studying
literature
at
Beijing
Language
and
Culture
University.
“1.
__________(celebrate)
the
Spring
Festival
in
China
makes
me
love
China
even
more,
”she
said.
?
On
Thursday,
Tayeb’s
university
organized
an
event
2.
__________
foreign
students
could
try
their
hands
at
making
dumplings,
a
traditional
food
3.
__________
(eat)
during
the
festival.
Tayeb
said
she
liked
this
aspect
of
the
festival
most.
?
4.
__________
dumplings,
Chinese
New
Year
is
also
a
time
for
temple
fairs,
red
lanterns,
paper-cuts,
blessings
of
good
fortune
and
ancestor
worship.
?
Bayomy,
5.
__________
Egyptian
student
at
the
same
university,
said
she
6.
__________(plan)
to
visit
a
temple
fair
in
Chaoyang
Park
on
Sunday.
She
was
7.
__________
(deep)
impressed
with
the
Spring
Festival
in
2020.
She
remembered
how
her
classmate’s
father
left
out
plates
of
food
for
their
families’
ancestors.
?
Like
Chinese,
many
foreigners
put
couplets
(对联),
Chinese
characters
wishing
for
good
fortune
on
8.
__________(they)
front
doors.
?
Marie,
a
British
translater
in
Beijing,
9.
__________
(send)
a
couplet
by
her
Chinese
friend
on
Thursday.
She
stuck
them
on
the
door
of
her
apartment,
took
a
photo
of
herself
standing
in
front
of
it,
and
shared
it
with
her
parents
in
Britain.
“These
couplets
are
an
10.
__________(express)
of
hope
for
the
future
and
contain
the
Chinese
spirit
of
‘harmony’,
”said
Marie.
?
【语篇概述】本文主要讲述了外国留学生在中国过春节的经历以及他们对中国春节的印象和看法。
1.
【解析】Celebrating。考查非谓语动词。“Celebrating
the
Spring
Festival
in
China”是动词-ing形式作主语。故填Celebrating。
2.
【解析】where。考查定语从句。foreign
students
could
try
their
hands
at
making
dumplings是定语从句,
修饰an
event,
分析从句成分可知,
关系词在从句中作抽象地点状语,
用关系副词where引导。故填where。
3.
【解析】eaten。考查非谓语动词。eat作定语修饰food,
与food是被动关系,
过去分词作定语表示被动关系。故填eaten。
4.
【解析】Besides。考查连词。besides“除……之外(还有)”,
置于句首,
首字母大写。故填Besides。
5.
【解析】an。考查冠词。Egyptian
student
at
the
same
university是Bayomy的同位语,
此处泛指“一个埃及学生”,
Egyptian的发音以元音音素开头。故填an。
6.
【解析】planned。考查动词的时态。由said可知,
主句是一般过去时,
根据主从句时态一致原则,
从句也使用一般过去时。故填planned。
7.
【解析】deeply。考查副词。deeply修饰动词impressed,
修饰动词,
用副词作状语。故填deeply。
8.
【解析】their。考查代词。根据下文可知修饰名词front
doors,
故填their。
9.
【解析】was
sent。考查动词的时态和语态。send与主语Marie是被动关系,
由时间状语on
Thursday可知,
句子描述过去发生的事情,
故用一般过去时,
且主语是第三人称单数。故填was
sent。
10.
【解析】expression。考查名词。冠词修饰名词。故填expression。
PAGEUnit
3
Diverse
Cultures
课时素养检测
十一 Unit
3 Period
3
Ⅰ.
阅读理解
(2020·贵港高一检测)
Thomas
Cheatham
had
planned
to
study
Latin
during
his
time
at
Hebron
High
School
in
Texas.
But
when
he
learned
that
the
school
district
was
going
to
offer
a
Mandarin(普通话)class,
he
quickly
changed
his
mind.
“I
thought
Mandarin
would
be
more
beneficial
than
Latin,
”said
Cheatham,
who
is
now
in
his
second
year
of
studying
the
language.
He
speaks
Mandarin
to
order
food
at
Chinese
restaurants
and
can
read
social
media
posts
from
his
Chinese-speaking
friends.
While
it’s
a
difficult
language
to
master,
the
high
school
junior,
who
plans
to
study
computer
engineering,
thinks
it
will
be
important
for
his
career.
“Chinese
is
a
good
language
to
know,
especially
with
China
becoming
a
growing
power,
”he
said.
Many
experts
agree
that
proficiency(熟练)in
a
language
spoken
by
a
billion
people
worldwide
will
give
American
students
an
edge
in
the
global
economy.
“People
are
looking
at
China
as
our
next
economic
competitor,
and
the
interest
in
Mandarin
is
growing
fast,
”said
Marty
Abbott,
director
of
the
American
Council
on
the
Teaching
of
Foreign
Languages.
“We’re
seeing
it
in
all
parts
of
the
country.
”
Abbott
predicts
that
as
many
as
100,
000
students
are
now
studying
Mandarin
in
public
and
private
schools
throughout
the
US.
She
said
the
US
government
has
designated(指定)Mandarin
as
an“important
need”language
and
provides
professional
development
programs
for
teachers.
“Our
government
wants
to
increase
our
language
ability
for
economic
competitiveness,
”Abbott
added.
At
the
same
time,
the
Chinese
government
is
spreading
knowledge
of
the
Chinese
language
and
culture
through
Confucius
Institutes
set
up
in
many
US
states.
For
example,
the
Confucius
Institute
at
the
University
of
Texas
at
Dallas
has
been
the
home
of
a
Confucius
Institute
for
10
years.
It
sponsors
Confucius
Classrooms
at
21
local
public
and
private
schools,
where
tens
of
thousands
of
students
are
learning
Mandarin.
【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文,
主要讲述了普通话在美国学生中日益流行的现象。
1.
Why
did
Thomas
Cheatham
decide
to
study
Mandarin
instead
of
Latin?
A.
Mandarin
was
easier
to
learn
than
Latin.
B.
Mandarin
could
be
helpful
to
his
future
career.
C.
Mandarin
might
help
him
learn
more
about
China.
D.
Mandarin
could
enable
him
to
study
computer
engineering.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段“While
it’s
a
difficult
language
to
master,
the
high
school
junior,
who
plans
to
study
computer
engineering,
thinks
it
will
be
important
for
his
career.
”可知,
Thomas
Cheatham认为学习普通话对他的未来职业有帮助,
所以才决定学习普通话。故选B。
2.
The
underlined
word“edge”in
Paragraph
4
probably
means
“______”。?
A.
a
slight
advantage B.
the
outside
limit
C.
a
sharp
tone
of
voice
D.
an
exciting
quality
【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据语境尤其是第三段最后一句中的“Chinese
is
a
good
language
to
know,
especially
with
China
becoming
a
growing
power”和第四段第一句中的“a
language
spoken
by
a
billion
people”可知,
随着中国的发展,
学习普通话大有裨益,
由此可推知,
学习普通话让美国学生在全球经济中有一定的优势,
这与文章第五段的内容呼应。故画线词意为“优势”,
与A项含义相近。
3.
Which
of
the
following
statements
might
Marty
Abbott
agree
with?
A.
Mandarin
should
be
taught
in
classrooms
throughout
the
US.
B.
Those
skilled
at
Chinese
will
be
the
most
competitive
in
the
future.
C.
The
US
government’s
policy
has
helped
popularize
Mandarin
in
the
US.
D.
Americans
learn
Mandarin
because
they
worry
about
their
economic
security.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据语境尤其是对第六段的整体理解可推知,
在
Marty
Abbott
看来,
美国政府的政策有助于普通话在美国的推广。故选C。
4.
What
does
the
author
mainly
talk
about
in
this
passage?
A.
The
rising
popularity
of
Mandarin
among
American
students.
B.
The
great
benefits
of
learning
Mandarin
for
American
students.
C.
The
influence
of
China’s
growing
power
on
American
education.
D.
The
effect
of
Confucius
Institutes
in
promoting
Mandarin
in
the
US.
【解析】选A。主旨大意题。根据对全文的整体理解可推知,
本文主要讲述的是普通话在美国学生之间日益流行的现象,
这与最后一段的进一步论述相呼应。故选A。
Ⅱ.
阅读填句
根据短文内容,
从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Did
you
grow
up
in
one
culture,
your
parents
came
from
another,
and
you
are
now
living
in
a
totally
different
country?
If
so,
then
you
are
a
third-culture
kid!
The
term
“third-culture
kid”
(or
TCK)
was
coined
in
the
1960s
by
Dr
Ruth.
She
first
came
across
this
phenomenon
when
she
researched
North
American
children
living
in
India.
Caught
between
two
cultures,
they
form
their
very
own.
1
About
90
percent
of
them
have
a
university
degree,
while
40
percent
pursue
a
postgraduate
or
doctor
degree.
They
usually
benefit
from
their
intercultural
experience,
which
helps
them
to
grow
into
successful
academics
and
professionals.
?
2
In
fact,
many
hardships
may
arise
from
this
phenomenon.
A
third-culture
kid
may
not
be
able
to
adapt
themselves
completely
to
their
new
surroundings
as
expected.
Instead,
they
may
always
remain
an
outsider
in
different
host
cultures.
Max,
for
example,
experienced
this
fundamental
feeling
of
strangeness
throughout
his
life
as
a
third-culture
kid.
3
While
this
can
be
a
way
to
create
a
network
of
friends
all
around
the
world,
it
can
be
difficult
for
a
third-culture
kid
like
Max
to
maintain
close
friendships
and
relationships.
?
For
a
third-culture
kid,
it
is
often
easier
to
move
to
a
new
foreign
country
than
to
return
to
their
“home”
country.
After
living
in
Australia
and
Korea
for
many
years,
Louise
finally
returned
to
Turkey
as
a
teenager.
But
she
felt
out
of
place
when
she
returned
to
the
country
where
she
was
born.
4
She
did
not
share
the
same
values
with
her
friends’
even
years
after
going
back
home.
?
While
a
third-culture
kid
must
let
go
of(放弃)
his/her
identity
as
a
foreigner
when
he/she
returns,
the
home
country
can
prove
to
be
more
foreign
than
anything
he/she
came
across
before.
The
peer
group
they
face
does
not
match
the
idealized
image
children
have
of
“home”.
5 ?
As
a
part
of
the
growing
“culture”,
third-culture
kids
may
find
it
a
great
challenge
for
them
to
feel
at
home
in
many
places.
A.
Yet
being
a
third-culture
kid
is
not
always
easy.
B.
In
general,
they
often
reach
excellent
academic
results.
C.
This
often
makes
it
hard
for
them
to
form
their
own
identity.
D.
However,
their
parents
can
help
them
see
the
opportunities
of
a
mobile
lifestyle.
E.
Their
experience
abroad
helps
them
gain
a
better
understanding
of
cultural
differences.
F.
Unlike
other
teens
of
her
age,
she
didn’t
know
anything
about
current
TV
shows
or
fashion
trends.
G.
Additionally,
making
new
friends
and
saying
goodbye
to
old
ones
will
at
some
point
become
routine
for
a
third-culture
kid.
【语篇概述】本文为说明文,
主要介绍了第三文化的孩子的形成、发展、艰苦经历及其面对的困难。随着文化的日趋发展,
第三文化的孩子在异国经受着巨大的挑战。
1.
【解析】选B。顺承关系。根据空处下一句可知,
他们通常都会在学业上取得优异的成绩,
且下文They
usually
benefit
from
their
intercultural
experience中的They
usually与B项中的they
often相呼应,
故选B项。
2.
【解析】选A。总分关系。根据空处下一句可知,
该段应是讲第三文化的孩子也会遇到很多困难,
故选A项。
3.
【解析】选G。递进关系。根据空处上一句可知,
第三文化的孩子要经历一段陌生感的时期,
这与G项中要交新朋友和与老朋友说再见相吻合,
故选G项。
4.
【解析】选F。诠释关系。根据空处上一句可知,
Louise回到自己出生的国家时已不能适应(out
of
place),
F项中的she
didn’t
know.
.
.
与空处下一句中的She
did
not
share.
.
.
构成平行句式,
符合语境,
故选F项。
5.
【解析】选C。因果关系。根据该段首句中提到的.
.
.
let
go
of
his/her
identity及该段内容可知,
第三文化的孩子所面对的同龄人和他们想象中的家乡的同龄人的观念不符,
他们很难形成自己的认知,
本段首尾呼应,
故选C项。
Ⅲ.
完形填空
Early
Native
American
groups
lived
in
different
cultural
areas.
Their
environments
had
1
resources.
Each
group
made
particular
products
or
developed
certain
skills,
based
on
their
own
2 .
As
they
perfected
their
skills,
something
exciting
began
to
happen.
For
the
first
time
in
their
history,
they
had
more
things
than
they
3 .
?
They
wouldn’t
let
their
products
go
to
4 ,
of
course.
When
Native
American
groups
began
to
communicate
with
each
other,
they
began
to
5
things
with
others.
The
way
they
traded
goods
and
services
without
using
any
form
of
money
was
called
bartering(以物易物).
Thanks
to
bartering,
people
began
to
enjoy
a
better
6
of
life.
To
barter
with
others
meant
that
work
became
much
7 .
No
one
group
had
to
work
as
hard
as
before
to
make
or
find
everything
they
needed
for
survival.
?
Native
American
groups
would
often
travel
long
distances
for
the
chance
to
8
with
each
other.
In
between
trading
times,
they
would
create
or
collect
extra
products.
They
kept
them
especially
for
the
9
of
bartering
with
other
native
groups
at
their
trade
meetings.
?
Another
10
of
trading
between
cultural
areas
was
that
people
could
enjoy
products
that
were
11
to
make
with
the
resources
in
their
own
area.
For
example,
people
from
the
Desert
Southwest
area
12
tools
made
from
whalebone(鲸须).
There
was
no
whalebone
available
in
the
13 .
However,
they
could
get
it
from
the
natives
living
in
the
Pacific
Northwest
area.
?
Some
people
14
use
bartering
today
to
get
things
they
need.
You
might
offer
to
do
the
dishes
for
your
brother
if
he
will
take
you
to
the
movies.
Especially
in
hard
economic
15
people
return
to
the
age-old
way
of
getting
things
they
need.
?
【语篇概述】本文主要介绍了生活在不同地区的印第安人的“易货贸易”及其给印第安人带来的好处。
1.
A.
strange
B.
ordinary
C.
similar D.
different
【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。根据上文different可推断不同地区资源也不同。
2.
A.
skills
B.
interests
C.
resources
D.
customs
【解析】选C。词语辨析题。resource资源;
每个印第安人部落根据自己的资源生产特定的产品或者发展某些技能。
3.
A.
found
B.
collected
C.
needed
D.
sold
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。根据上文及本句中的“had
more
things”可知,
他们生产的东西比“需要(need)”的(东西)多。
4.
A.
market
B.
town
C.
waste
D.
charity
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。根据印第安人部落之间进行易货贸易推知,
他们当然不会让多余的产品“浪费(go
to
waste)”。
5.
A.
buy
B.
share
C.
produce
D.
save
【解析】选B。背景常识题。易货贸易就是部落之间相互“分享(share)”东西。
6.
A.
variety
B.
habit
C.
quantity
D.
quality
【解析】选D。词语辨析题。quality质量;
指人们开始享受更好“质量”的生活。
7.
A.
harder
B.
dirtier
C.
easier
D.
nicer
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。根据下文中的“No
one
group
had
to
work
as
hard.
.
.
”可知,
由于易货贸易的出现,
人们开始享受高品质的生活,
工作变得“越来越容易”。
8.
A.
greet
B.
trade
C.
work
D.
play
【解析】选B。词汇复现题。根据下文中的“trading
times”可知,
印第安人部落经常长途跋涉是为了相互之间做“交易”。
9.
A.
goal
B.
value
C.
purpose
D.
point
【解析】选C。词语辨析题。purpose目的,
此处指以物易物的目的。
10.
A.
choice
B.
trouble
C.
benefit
D.
pleasure
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。上文的“.
.
.
people
began
to
enjoy
a
better
______of
life.
”说的是易货贸易给印第安人带来的好处,
本段说的是另一个好处。?
11.
A.
illegal
B.
necessary
C.
impossible
D.
natural
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。根据下文的“There
was
no
whalebone
available
in
the.
.
.
”可知,
通过易货贸易人们可以享受在本地不可能做成的产品。
12.
A.
designed
B.
wanted
C.
discovered
D.
invented
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。西南沙漠地区的人想要由鲸须做成的工具,
可以从西北太平洋地区的人那里得到,
这是易货贸易的另一个好处。
13.
A.
water
B.
sea
C.
desert
D.
land
【解析】选C。词汇复现题。根据上文For
example,
people
from
the
Desert
Southwest
area
______tools
made
from
whalebone可知,
沙漠里没有鲸须。?
14.
A.
yet
B.
still
C.
even
D.
never
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。根据下文举的例子可知,
如今一些人“仍然”通过易货贸易的方式得到他们所需的物品。
15.
A.
developments
B.
changes
C.
disadvantages
D.
times
【解析】选D。背景常识题。在经济困难时期。
Ⅰ.
完形填空
I
used
to
hate
being
called
upon
in
class
mainly
because
I
didn’t
like
attention
drawn
to
myself.
And
1
otherwise
assigned(指定)a
seat
by
the
teacher,
I
always
chose
to
sit
at
the
back
of
the
classroom.
?
All
this
2
after
I
joined
a
sports
team.
It
began
when
a
teacher
suggested
I
try
out
for
the
basketball
team.
At
first
I
thought
it
was
a
crazy
3
because
I
didn’t
have
a
good
sense
of
balance,
nor
did
I
have
the
ability
to
keep
pace
with
the
others
on
the
team
and
they
would
tease
me.
But
for
the
teacher
who
kept
insisting
on
my
“ 4
for
it”,
I
wouldn’t
have
decided
to
give
it
a
try.
?
Getting
up
the
courage
to
go
to
the
tryouts
was
only
the
5
of
it!
When
I
first
started
attending
the
practice
sessions,
I
didn’t
even
know
the
rules
of
the
game,
much
6
what
I
was
doing.
Sometimes
I’d
get
7
and
take
a
shot
at
the
wrong
direction—which
made
me
feel
really
stupid.
Fortunately,
I
wasn’t
the
only
one
“new”
at
the
game,
so
I
decided
to
8
on
learning
the
game,
do
my
best
at
each
practice
session,
and
not
be
too
hard
on
myself
for
the
things
I
didn’t
9
“just
yet”.
?
I
practiced
and
practiced.
Soon
I
knew
the
10
and
the
“moves”.
Being
part
of
a
team
was
fun
and
motivating.
Very
soon
the
competitive
11
in
me
was
winning
over
my
lack
of
confidence.
With
time,
I
learned
how
to
play
and
made
friends
in
the
12
—friends
who
respected
my
efforts
to
work
hard
and
be
a
team
player.
I
never
had
so
much
fun!
?
With
my
13
self-confidence
comes
more
praise
from
teachers
and
classmates.
I
have
gone
from
“hiding”
in
the
back
of
the
classroom
and
not
wanting
to
call
attention
to
myself,
14
raising
my
hand—even
when
I
sometimes
wasn’t
100
percent
15
I
had
the
right
answer.
Now
I
have
more
self-confidence
in
myself.
?
【语篇概述】本文讲述作者过去不喜欢引人注意,
后来在老师的建议下参加了篮球队,
从比赛中学会了如何交友,
并最终变得积极乐观。
1.
A.
as
B.
until
C.
unless
D.
though
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。从前文得知“我”过去常常很讨厌在班级里被点名,
因为“我”不喜欢引起别人的注意。除非老师给“我”指定了座位,
否则“我”总是坐在教室的后排。故选C。
2.
A.
continued
B.
changed
C.
settled
D.
started
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。根据后面作者的描述,
所有的这一切在“我”加入了一个运动队以后发生了改变。故选B。
3.
A.
idea
B.
plan
C.
belief
D.
saying
【解析】选A。词语辨析题。
idea想法;
plan计划;
belief信念;
saying谚语。句意:
起先,
“我”认为它是一个疯狂的想法(idea),
因为“我”没有好的平衡感。故选A。
4.
A.
going
B.
looking
C.
cheering
D.
applying
【解析】选A。固定搭配题。go
for
it是固定短语,
意为“努力去做吧”。look
for寻找;
cheer
for为……欢呼;
apply
for申请。故选A。
5.
A.
point
B.
half
C.
rest
D.
basis
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。句意:
鼓起勇气去参加选拔赛仅仅只是这个想法的开始,
即只完成了事情的一半。故选B。
6.
A.
less
B.
later
C.
worse
D.
further
【解析】选A。固定搭配题。much
less意为“更不用说”,
而别的答案均没有此意思。句意:
更不用说,
“我”要做什么了。故选A。
7.
A.
committed
B.
motivated
C.
embarrassed
D.
confused
【解析】选D。词语辨析题。committed坚定的;
motivated有积极性的;
embarrassed尴尬的;
confused困惑的。有时候“我”变得很困惑,
在错误的一边进行了投篮,
这使“我”感到非常愚蠢。故选D。
8.
A.
focus
B.
act
C.
rely
D.
try
【解析】选A。词语辨析题。focus
on
集中精力于;
act
on
作用于……;
rely
on
依赖;
try
on试穿。句意:
我决定集中精力来学习这项运动。故选A。
9.
A.
want
B.
do
C.
support
D.
know
【解析】选D。词语辨析题。want想要;
do做;
support支持;
know知道。作者并没有对自己现在不知道的东西要求过于苛刻。故选D。
10.
A.
steps
B.
orders
C.
rules
D.
games
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。根据句意,
作者不断地练习,
不久就知道了规则和动作。前文提到过作者连规则都不懂,
所以这里应该选rules(规则)。故选C。
11.
A.
role
B.
part
C.
mind
D.
value
【解析】选B。词语辨析题。role角色;
part部分;
mind思想;
value价值。作者身上的竞争意识使他战胜了缺乏自信的毛病。故选B。
12.
A.
process
B.
operation
C.
movement
D.
situation
【解析】选A。词语辨析题。process过程;
operation运行;
movement运动;
situation情况。作者学会了如何打球,
如何在此过程中交朋友。故选A。
13.
A.
expressed
B.
improved
C.
preserved
D.
recognized
【解析】选B。词语辨析题。expressed表达的;
improved提高的,
改进过的;
preserved保存的;
recognized公认的。作者不断提高的自信,
得到了老师和同学的赞扬。故选B。
14.
A.
by
B.
for
C.
with
D.
to
【解析】选D。
固定搭配题。from.
.
.
to.
.
.
从……到……,
从老是躲在教室后排不愿引起注意的学生到爱举手回答问题的学生。故选D。
15.
A.
lucky
B.
happy
C.
sure
D.
satisfied
【解析】选C。
词义辨析题。lucky幸运的;
happy高兴的;
sure确信的;
satisfied满意的。作者现在经常举手回答问题,
甚至有时候自己并不是100%确定答案是正确的,
也积极回答问题。故选C。
Ⅱ.
语法填空
阅读下面材料,
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China’s
home-grown
sci-fi
blockbuster(
大
片
)
The
Wandering
Earth
scored
at
the
Spring
Festival
box
office.
The
film
is
an
1.
(adapt)
of
a
novel
of
the
same
name
by
Liu
Cixin,
author
of
the
Hugo
Award-winning
The
Three-Body
Problem.
As
2.
(it)
visual
effects
impress
a
global
audience,
a
united
human
community
when
3.
(face)
a
big
disaster
gets
attention
too.
Director
Guo
Fan
said
that
he
4.
(conscious)
avoided
making
a
do-it-alone
superhero;
instead,
the
fight
to
save
Earth
5.
(fight)
by
all
humans.
In
The
Wandering
Earth,
mankind
is
threatened
by
a
dying
sun,
6.
forces
them
to
go
on
a
generations-long
space
journey
to
look
for
a
new
one.
At
7.
center
of
the
story
are
a
Chinese
astronaut
and
his
son,
who
join
a
global
task
8.
(prevent)
Earth
from
crashing
into
Jupiter.
At
the
end
of
the
film
9.
(come)
international
rescue
teams
who
help
the
Chinese
team
and
give
a
final
try
to
save
Earth.
One
online
review
reads,
“It
fits
the
Hollywood
standard
on
presentation
and
visual
effects,
but
the
themes
of
family
and
love
of
homeland
are
typical
10.
Chinese
sci-fi
films.
”
【语篇概述】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国国产科幻大片《流浪地球》在春节票房大卖。
1.
【解析】
adaptation。考查名词。句意:
这部电影改编自刘慈欣的同名小说,
刘慈欣凭借《三体》获得雨果奖。前面有冠词,
这里需要用名词,
所以填adaptation。
2.
【解析】its。考查代词。文中表示“它的”,
用形容词性物主代词,
所以填its。
3.
【解析】facing。考查非谓语动词。face的逻辑主语是a
united
human
community,
它们之间是主动关系,
用现在分词作时间状语,
所以填facing。
4.
【解析】consciously。考查副词。该空修饰动词avoided,
用副词,
所以填consciously。
5.
【解析】
was
fought。考查时态和语态。表示发生在过去的事情,
用一般过去时,
the
fight与fight之间是被动关系,
用被动语态,
所以填was
fought。
6.
【解析】which。考查非限制性定语从句。forces
them
to
go
on
a
generations-long
space
journey
to
look
for
a
new
one是一个非限制性定语从句,
先行词是a
dying
sun,
关系词在从句中作主语,
指物,
that不能引导非限制性定语从句,
所以填which。
7.
【解析】the。考查固定短语。at
the
center
of在……中心,
是固定短语,
所以填the。
8.
【解析】to
prevent。考查不定式。这里用作目的状语,
用不定式,
所以填to
prevent。
9.
【解析】come。考查主谓一致和倒装。这里使用了倒装,
主语international
rescue
teams是复数,
所以填come。
10.
【解析】of。考查固定短语。be
typical
of是……的特点,
该短语是固定短语,
所以填of。
PAGEUnit
3
Diverse
Cultures
课时素养检测
十二 Unit
3 Period
4
Ⅰ.
阅读理解
Around
this
time
a
few
years
ago,
it
was
common
to
see
videos
of
friends
on
social
media
having
a
bucket
of
icy
water
thrown
on
them.
Known
as
the
“ice
bucket
challenge”,
it
was
created
as
a
way
to
raise
money
for
the
medical
condition
ALS.
But
now,
there’s
a
new
challenge
and
this
time,
no
water
is
involved.
What
is
it?
Well,
think
of
a
fruit
that
you’d
never
normally
sink
your
teeth
into.
Perhaps
you’ve
got
it:
a
lemon.
While
we
enjoy
using
lemons
to
add
flavor
to
dishes,
very
few
of
us
would
actually
eat
one
as
we’d
eat
an
apple
or
an
orange.
But
the
horrible
taste
is
the
precise
reason
why
the
“lemon
face
challenge”
is
taking
off.
Participants
bite
into
a
lemon,
taking
a
selfie
(自拍)
as
they
do
it
before
posting
the
photo
online.
The
fun
is
all
about
expression
people
make
as
all
that
citric
acid
(柠檬酸)
hits
their
taste
buds(味蕾).
Every
expression
seems
to
say,
“This
is
worse
than
freezing
water.
”
The
serious
side
to
this
trend
is
the
good
cause
it’s
all
in
aid
of.
The
challenge
aims
to
raise
awareness
of
a
rare
brain
cancer
that
affects
young
children.
It
was
started
by
Aubregh
Nicholas,
an
11-year-old
US
kid.
She
was
diagnosed
with
this
rare
brain
cancer
herself
in
September
2017,
but
has
since
raised
almost
$50,
000
to
cover
her
medical
expenses
thanks
to
the
challenge.
If
a
challenge
is
going
to
raise
publicity
and
contributions
from
people,
it
has
to
be
something
interesting
and
original.
That
way
the
ice
bucket
challenge
took
off
in
2014
and
it
explains
why
so
many
people
are
now
sharing
their
lemon
faces.
There
are
a
lot
of
stories
about
the
downside
of
social
media
these
days.
The
charity
challenges,
however,
show
how
online
culture
can
unite
the
world
and
bring
help
to
the
people
who
most
need
it.
?
【语篇概述】本文是一篇议论文。“冰桶挑战”之后,
又一网红挑战“柠檬脸挑战“引发了全球关注。这些慈善挑战展示了网络文化是如何联合世界各地的人帮助那些最需要帮助的人。
1.
Why
is
the
ice
bucket
challenge
mentioned
in
the
article?
A.
To
show
how
charity
gained
its
popularity
online.
B.
To
introduce
a
similar
challenge
that
raises
money
for
charity.
C.
To
attract
people’s
attention
to
a
rare
disease.
D.
To
prove
its
popularity
around
the
world.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第一段Known
as
the
“ice
bucket
challenge”,
it
was
created
as
a
way
to
raise
money
for
the
medical
condition
ALS.
可知,
文章中提到“冰桶挑战”是为了引入一个类似的挑战,
为慈善事业筹集资金。
2.
Compared
with
the
pre-Internet
charity,
what
is
the
advantage
of
online
charity?
A.
It
raises
more
money,
than
ever
before.
B.
It
is
started
by
the
people
who
suffer
rare
diseases.
C.
It
brings
people
together
easily
and
quickly.
D.
It
causes
little
doubt
among
people.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据文章的最后一句The
charity
challenges,
however,
show
how
online
culture
can
unite
the
world
and
bring
help
to
the
people
who
most
need
it.
可知,
在线慈善的优势是它能让最需要帮助的人们快速地得到救济。
3.
What
does
the
underlined
phrase
“took
off”
in
the
last
paragraph
mean?
A.
Go
away
suddenly.
B.
Become
successful
and
popular.
C.
Remove
your
clothes.
D.
Take
a
break.
【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据画线词前面的If
a
challenge
is
going
to
raise
publicity
and
contributions
from
people,
it
has
to
be
something
interesting
and
original.
可知,
如果一个挑战是要提高公众的知名度和贡献,
那就必须是一些有趣和原创的东西。
因此“冰桶挑战”在
2014
年能获得成功,
这也解释了为什么现在有那么多人在分享他们的柠檬脸。由此推知画线词的意思是“获得成功”,
故选B。
4.
What
is
the
author’s
attitude
towards
online
charity?
A.
Positive.
B.
Indifferent.
C.
Negative.
D.
Ambiguous.
【解析】选A。观点态度题。根据最后一段第一句The
serious
side
to
this
trend
is
the
good
cause
it’s
all
in
aid
of.
可知,
作者认为在线慈善这种趋势很好。
Ⅱ.
阅读填句
根据短文内容,
从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Advice
on
Business
Communication
In
the
21st
century,
more
and
more
business
is
international.
1
More
large
companies
now
understand
how
important
it
is
to
have
a
knowledge
of
different
cultures
and
languages.
Here
is
some
advice
to
improve
business
communication
between
people
of
different
cultures.
?
Slow
down.
In
a
business
situation
it
is
very
important
to
communicate
your
ideas
and
intentions
clearly.
Make
sure
there
are
no
mistakes
by
speaking
clearly
and
not
too
fast.
Take
turns.
2
In
everyday
conversation
this
can
seem
strange,
but
in
cross-cultural
business
situations,
this
formal
style
makes
communication
much
easier.
?
Give
encouragement.
3
If
the
people
you
are
talking
with
are
having
trouble
finding
the
right
English
words,
be
sensitive(体贴的)
to
this.
They
may
need
your
help.
Encourage
them
not
to
be
shy
in
communicating.
?
Use
everyday
language.
It
is
usually
best
not
to
use
informal
language
or
colorful
variations(变体)
of
language.
4
It
is
advised
to
speak
using
well-known
words
and
expressions.
?
5 ?
In
many
countries,
business
communication
is
quite
serious
and
formal.
People
from
other
cultures
may
not
be
comfortable
with
jokes
in
a
business
situation.
Even
worse,
jokes
might
be
seen
as
impolite
or
might
not
be
understood.
A.
Be
careful
about
jokes.
B.
Prepare
a
short
speech.
C.
It
can
be
very
difficult
to
speak
good
English.
D.
After
each
of
your
questions,
wait
for
the
other
side
to
speak.
E.
These
will
often
not
be
understood
by
people
from
other
countries.
F.
Communication
between
people
of
different
cultures
is
more
important
than
ever.
G.
Just
ask
how
things
are
going
and
how
they
feel
about
the
service
you’re
providing.
【语篇概述】本文为说明文。作者介绍了在21世纪,
商业变得越来越国际化。并且作者给出了几条有关如何进行成功的国际商业沟通的建议。
1.
【解析】选F。顺承关系。根据下文中的关键信息between
people
of
different
cultures可知,
F项中的关键信息between
people
of
different
cultures与其一致;
且F项(不同文化的人之间的交流比以前更重要)也与空后的“更多的大公司现在也了解了掌握不同文化和语言知识是多么重要”之间具有语义上的顺承关系,
故选F项。
2.
【解析】选D。诠释关系。本段的主要内容是Take
turns(轮流讲话),
这与D项(在你每次提出问题后,
等着另一方去说)表达的内容相吻合。空后是对D项做法的解释说明,
故选D项。
3.
【解析】选C。顺承关系。根据空处下一句中的having
trouble
finding
the
right
English
words可知,
这与C项(说流利的英语会很难)内容相吻合,
故选C项。
4.
【解析】选E。递进关系。空处是对上一句.
.
.
usually
best
not
to
use.
.
.
的解释说明,
分析选项可知,
E项符合题意,
These指代空处上一句中的informal
language
or
colorful
variations
of
language,
故选E项。
5.
【解析】选A。总分关系。空处为本段的主题句。根据本段中的关键词jokes可知,
A项(讲笑话时要小心)可以用作本段的主题句,
故选A项。
Ⅲ.
完形填空
During
a
recent
holiday
I
visited
Dusseldorf,
a
city
in
the
former
West
Germany.
The
nine-day
trip
impressed
me
deeply.
I
arrived
at
Dusseldorf
airport
at
7
pm.
It
was
already
dark
outside.
The
first
thing
I
needed
to
do
was
to
find
a
place
to
1 .
I
decided
to
telephone
the
youth
hotel.
But
to
use
the 2
I
needed
some
coins.
I
asked
a
lady
for
help.
To
my
surprise,
she 3
me
three
coins
to
use.
But
all
phones
in
the
airport
needed
phone
cards.
And
phone
cards
could
only
be 4
at
post
offices
during
the
daytime.
I
was
afraid
I 5
be
able
to
call
the
hotel.
An
old
gentleman
helped
me.
He
couldn’t
speak
English
but 6
that
I
needed
to
make
a
phone
call.
He
showed
me
where
the
phone
was
and
inserted
his
phone
card.
I
called
the
youth
hotel
and
found
a
place
to
stay
that
night.
The
7
of
the
German
people
made
me
feel
that
I
was
not
far
from
home.
And
my
first
day
in
Germany
wasn’t
as 8
as
I
expected.
?
Wherever
I
went,
I
asked
people
for 9 .
It
surprised
me
that
almost
every
young
German
could
speak
English 10 .
Older
Germans 11
speak
English
very
well,
but
they
would
try
to
help
me
whenever
they
could.
One
middle-aged
man
I 12 directions
even
drove
me
to
the
place
I
was
looking
for.
My
experience
in
Germany
totally
changed
my 13 of
Germans.
?
Before,
I
thought
they
were
unfriendly
to
foreigners.
In
many
World
War
Ⅱ
films
Germans
were
unfriendly.
But
things
changed
14 .
And
the
people
couldn’t
be
15
friendly.
?
【语篇概述】本文讲述了“我”到德国旅游时得到了德国人的帮助,
“我”对德国人的印象由“坏”到“好”。
1.
A.
live
B.
stay
C.
work
D.
visit
【解析】
选B。
找旅馆是为了有个地方可以住下,
并且下文“.
.
.
and
found
a
place
to
stay
that
night”一句中再现了“stay”一词,
因此选B。
2.
A.
hotel
B.
taxi
C.
phone
D.
money
【解析】
选C。根据I
decided
to
telephone
the
youth
hotel.
及后文再现“phone”
一词,
可知答案选C。
3.
A.
lent
B.
shared
C.
borrowed
D.
gave
【解析】
选D。结合全文主旨可知硬币是给而不是借,
故选D。
4.
A.
bought
B.
found
C.
used
D.
called
【解析】
选A。根据文意可知,
电话卡只能在邮局买,
其他不符合语境,
故选A。
5.
A.
couldn’t
B.
should
C.
wouldn’t
D.
will
【解析】
选C。根据And
phone
cards
could
only
be______
at
post
offices
during
the
daytime.
可知此处应为否定,
另外could不能与be
able
to
连用,
故答案选C。?
6.
A.
mistook
B.
heard
C.
wondered
D.
understood
【解析】
选D。根据下文那位老人的所作所为可知,
他已“明白”我是想打电话。故选D。
7.
A.
kindness
B.
help
C.
phone
D.
coins
【解析】
选A。根据
the
German
people
made
me
feel
that
I
was
not
far
from
home可知选A项。
8.
A.
unforgettable
B.
interesting
C.
terrible
D.
exciting
【解析】
选C。根据下文Before,
I
thought
they
were
unfriendly
to
foreigners.
可推知,
“我”本以为第一天会很糟糕。故选C。
9.
A.
directions
B.
advice
C.
English
D.
way
【解析】
选A。下文再现了“directions”一词可知,
答案选A。
10.
A.
often
B.
fluently
C.
little
D.
much
【解析】
选B
。
根据上下文逻辑推知几乎每个年轻的德国人都会“流利”的英语,
这让我吃惊。故选B。
11.
A.
could
B.
couldn’t
C.
can
D.
did
【解析】
选B。根据but
they
would
try
to
help
me
whenever
they
could.
可推知老人说英语并不像年轻人说的那样好。故选B。
12.
A.
begged
for
B.
called
for
C.
asked
for
D.
paid
for
【解析】
选C
。
本段首句已出现过该结构,
根据句子结构和语境可知,
答案选C。
13.
A.
love
B.
life
C.
impression
D.
interest
【解析】
选C。根据首段中The
nine-day
trip
impressed
me
deeply.
和全文内容可知,
在德国的经历改变了“我”对德国人原先的不良“印象”。故选C。
14.
A.
by
then
B.
since
then
C.
later
D.
before
【解析】
选B。根据上文My
experience
in
Germany
totally
changed
my______of
Germans.
可知,
“从那时起”情况有所变化。故选B。?
15.
A.
still
B.
much
C.
too
D.
more
【解析】
选D。最后一句点明全文中心,
德国人已友好到极点,
无法“更友好了”。故选D。
Ⅳ.
语法填空
阅读下面短文,
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It
is
a
great
1.
(true)
that
life
is
difficult.
Once
we
really
understand
and
accept
it,
then
life
is
no
longer
difficult.
However,
most
of
us
do
not
2.
(full)
see
it.
They
just
complain
about
their
problems
and
difficulties
as
if
life
should
be
easy.
3.
makes
life
difficult
is
that
the
process
of
facing
and
solving
problems
is
a
really
painful
one.
Problems,
4.
(base)
on
their
nature,
cause
sadness
or
regret
or
anger
or
fear.
These
are
5.
(comfort)
feelings,
often
as
painful
as
any
kind
of
physical
pain.
It
is
in
the
whole
process
of
solving
problems
6.
life
has
its
meaning.
Problems
are
the
serious
test
that
tells
us
success
from
failure.
When
we
want
to
strengthen
the
growth
of
human
spirit,
we
encourage
the
human
ability
7.
(solve)
problems,
just
as
in
school
we
set
problems
for
our
children
to
deal
with.
8.
(learn)
from
the
pain
of
meeting
and
working
out
problems
is
9.
great
benefit.
As
Benjamin
Franklin
said,
“Those
things
that
hurt,
instruct.
”
For
this
reason,
wise
people
learn
not
to
fear
but
to
welcome
the
pain
of
10.
(problem).
【语篇概述】这是一篇议论文。生活是艰难的,
这是一个伟大的真理。一旦我们真正理解并接受它,
生活就不再困难。正因为如此,
明智的人应学会不要害怕,
而要欢迎问题带来的痛苦。
1.
【解析】truth。考查名词。根据上文great是形容词,
修饰名词,
故填truth。
2.
【解析】fully。考查副词。修饰动词see,
故填fully。
3.
【解析】What。考查主语从句引导词。此处是主语从句作主语,
从句缺少引导词,
从句缺少主语,
表示“……的”,
故填What。
4.
【解析】based。考查非谓语动词。be
based
on以……为基础,
故用过去分词作后置定语,
修饰problem,
故填based。
5.
【解析】uncomfortable。考查形容词。此处是形容词修饰名词,
结合句意可知答案为uncomfortable。
6.
【解析】that。考查强调句式。此处是强调句型,
强调in
the
whole
process
of
solving
problems,
故填that。
7.
【解析】to
solve。考查动词不定式作后置定语。the
ability
to
do
sth.
“做某事的能力”,
用动词不定式作后置定语,
故答案为to
solve。
8.
【解析】Learning。考查非谓语动词。本句已经存在谓语动词且句中没有连词,
故learn只能是非谓语动词,
在句中作主语应用动名词形式,
故填Learning。
9.
【解析】of。考查固定搭配。固定搭配:
be
of
great
benefit意为“对……非常有利”,
故填of。
10.
【解析】problems。考查名词复数。problem为可数名词,
应用复数表示一类。
阅读理解
A
After
I
was
married
and
had
lived
in
Japan
for
a
while,
my
Japanese
gradually
improved
to
the
point
where
I
could
take
part
in
simple
conversations
with
my
husband
and
his
friends
and
family.
And
I
began
to
notice
that
often,
when
I
joined
in,
the
others
would
look
surprised,
and
the
conversational
topic
would
come
to
a
stop.
After
this
happened
several
times,
it
became
clear
to
me
that
I
was
doing
something
wrong.
But
for
a
long
time,
I
didn’t
know
what
it
was.
Finally,
after
listening
carefully
to
many
Japanese
conversations,
I
discovered
what
my
problem
was.
Even
though
I
was
speaking
Japanese,
I
was
handling
the
conversation
in
a
Western
way.
A
Western-style
conversation
between
two
people
is
like
a
game
of
tennis.
If
I
introduce
a
topic,
a
conversational
ball,
I
expect
you
to
hit
it
back.
If
you
agree
with
me,
I
don’t
expect
you
simply
to
agree
and
do
nothing
more.
I
expect
you
to
add
something—a
reason
for
agreeing,
another
example,
or
a
detailed
explanation
to
carry
the
idea
further.
But
I
don’t
expect
you
always
to
agree.
I
am
just
as
happy
if
you
question
me,
or
challenge
me,
or
completely
disagree
with
me.
Whether
you
agree
or
disagree,
your
response
will
return
the
ball
to
me.
A
Japanese-style
conversation,
however,
is
not
at
all
like
tennis
or
volleyball.
It’s
like
bowling.
You
wait
for
your
turn.
And
you
always
know
your
place
in
line.
It
depends
on
such
things
as
whether
you
are
older
or
younger,
a
close
friend
or
a
relative
stranger
to
the
previous
speaker,
in
a
senior
or
junior
position,
and
so
on.
When
your
turn
comes,
you
step
up
to
the
starting
line
with
your
bowling
ball
and
carefully
bowl
it.
Everyone
else
stands
back
and
watches
politely,
murmuring
encouragement.
Everyone
waits
until
the
ball
has
reached
the
end
of
the
alley(球场)and
watches
to
see
if
it
knocks
down
all
the
pins,
or
only
some
of
them,
or
none
of
them.
There
is
a
pause,
while
everyone
registers
your
score.
Then,
after
everyone
is
sure
that
you
have
completely
finished
your
turn,
the
next
person
in
line
steps
up
to
the
same
starting
line,
with
a
different
ball.
He
doesn’t
return
your
ball,
and
he
does
not
begin
from
where
your
ball
stopped.
And
there
is
always
a
suitable
pause
between
turns.
There
is
no
rush,
no
scramble
for
the
ball.
If
you
have
been
trained
all
your
life
to
play
one
game,
it
is
no
simple
matter
to
switch
to
another,
even
if
you
know
the
rules.
Knowing
the
rules
is
not
at
all
the
same
thing
as
playing
the
game.
【语篇概述】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文,
作者结合自己的切身经历谈论了日式谈话和西式谈话的不同之处,
由此告诉我们与来自另一个国家的人交谈是困难的。
1.
The
author
makes
all
of
the
following
arguments
EXCEPT
that
______.
?
A.
Japanese-style
conversations
are
like
bowling.
B.
Western-style
conversations
are
like
tennis
or
volleyball
C.
in
Japanese-style
conversations,
you
must
wait
your
turn
to
speak
D.
Western-style
conversations
are
longer
than
Japanese-style
conversations
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第四段中的“A
Japanese-style
conversation,
however,
is
not
at
all
like
tennis
or
volleyball.
It’s
like
bowling.
You
wait
for
your
turn.
”可知,
A、C项有提及。由第三段内容可知,
B项正确。没有涉及D项,
故选择D项。
2.
The
author’s
purpose
in
writing
this
article
is
to
______.
?
A.
instruct
B.
entertain
C.
joke
D.
criticize
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据文章内容可知,
作者结合自己的切身经历告诉我们日式谈话和西式谈话的不同之处,
由此可知,
作者写这篇文章就是为了给大家一些指导,
注意与来自另一个国家的人交谈时谈话方式的差异,
故A项正确。
3.
The
main
idea
of
the
article
is
______.
?
A.
people
talk
differently
in
Japan
than
in
the
West
B.
it’s
important
to
take
part
in
conversations
C.
talking
with
someone
from
another
country
proves
difficult
D.
it’s
rude
to
interrupt
someone
who
is
speaking
【解析】选C。主旨大意题。通读全文,
特别是根据最后一段内容可知,
作者结合自己的切身经历谈论了日式谈话和西式谈话的不同之处,
由此告诉我们与来自另一个国家的人交谈是困难的,
故C项正确。
B
Born
in
America,
I
spoke
English,
not
Chinese,
the
language
of
my
ancestors.
When
I
was
three,
my
parents
flashed
cards
with
Chinese
characters
at
my
face,
but
I
pushed
them
aside.
My
mom
believed
I
would
learn
when
I
was
ready.
But
the
time
never
came.
On
a
Chinese
New
Year’s
Eve,
my
uncle
spoke
to
me
in
Chinese,
but
all
I
could
do
was
stare
at
him,
confused,
scratching
my
head.
“Still
can’t
speak
Chinese?
”He
laughed
at
me,
“You
can’t
even
buy
a
fish
in
Chinatown.
”
“Hey,
this
is
America,
not
China.
I’ll
get
some
right
now
with
or
without
Chinese.
”
I
replied
and
turned
to
my
mom
for
permission.
“Remember
to
ask
for
fresh
fish,
Xin
Xian
Yu,
”she
said,
handing
over
a
$20
bill.
I
repeated
the
words,
running
downstairs
into
the
streets
of
Chinatown.
I
found
the
fish
stand
surrounded
in
a
sea
of
customers.
“I’d
like
to
buy
some
fresh
fish,
”I
shouted
to
the
fishman.
But
he
ignored
my
English
words
and
turned
to
serve
the
next
customer.
The
laugh
of
the
people
behind
increased
with
their
impatience.
With
every
second,
the
breath
of
the
dragons
on
my
back
grew
stronger—my
blood
boiling—forcing
me
to
cry
out,
“Xian
Sheng
Yu,
please.
”
“Very
Xian
Sheng,
”I
repeated.
The
crowd
erupted
into
laughter.
My
face
turned
pale
and
I
ran
back
home
empty-handed,
except
for
the
$20
bill
I
held
tightly
in
my
pocket.
Should
I
laugh
or
cry?
They’re
Chinese.
I’m
Chinese.
I
should
feel
right
at
home.
Instead,
I
was
the
joke,
a
disgrace(丢脸)to
the
language.
?
Sometimes,
I
laugh
at
my
fish
incident,
but,
in
the
end,
the
joke
is
on
me.
Every
laugh
is
a
culture
lost;
every
laugh
is
my
heritage(传统)fading
away.
【语篇概述】本文通过介绍作者在美国出生,
小的时候不懂汉语,
到唐人街上买鱼被嘲笑的一次经历,
反映了作者对中国语言文化传承的反思。
4.
What
can
we
know
from
the
first
paragraph?
A.
As
a
child,
the
writer
refused
to
learn
Chinese
though
his
parents
asked
him
to.
B.
The
writer’s
parents
gave
him
too
high
expectation.
C.
The
writer’s
mother
tongue
was
English.
D.
The
writer’s
parents
favoured
him.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。第一段主要告诉我们,
作者出生在美国,
父母在他小的时候让他学习汉语,
但他不学。故选A项。
5.
How
did
the
writer
feel
about
buying
fish
before
he
got
to
the
market
in
Chinatown?
A.
Discouraged.
B.
Confident.
C.
Worried.
D.
Frightened.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第三段作者说的话可知,
他对自己在唐人街买到鱼很自信。
6.
Why
did
the
fishman
ignore
the
writer?
A.
Because
he
thought
the
writer
was
joking.
B.
Because
he
thought
the
writer
might
have
no
money.
C.
Because
he
was
too
busy.
D.
Because
he
thought
the
writer
should
have
spoken
Chinese.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第五段的“But
he
ignored
my
English
words”可知,
卖鱼者认为作者不应该说英语,
应该说汉语。故选D项。
7.
What
does
the
underlined
sentence
in
Paragraph
6
mean?
A.
In
Chinatown,
with
all
Chinese
around,
I
should
feel
comfortable.
B.
I
think
I’m
right
and
it’s
wrong
of
them
to
laugh
at
me.
C.
I
think
I
should
do
well
at
home.
D.
Everything
will
be
settled
at
home.
【解析】选A。句意猜测题。feel
at
home表示“感觉自在”;
此处表示“在唐人街,
四周都是中国人,
我应该感到自在”。故选A项。
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