2020-2021学年牛津译林版英语九年级下册讲义Unit 2 Great people 语法讲解教师辅导教案（含答案）

教师辅导教案
学员编号： 年 级：初三 课 时 数：3
学员姓名： 辅导科目：英语 学科教师：
课程主题：9BU2(下）
授课时间：
学习目标
第二单元语法知识的梳理
2. 本单元有关的阅读和写作的训练
教学内容
内容回顾
内容回顾
上次作业检查和评讲
上节课讲解内容回顾
知识精讲
知识精讲
知识点一 （9BU2语法知识梳理）
（一）一般现在时　
（1）概念、句式结构以及常用的时间状语
概念：一般现在时主要表示经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态，也可表示现在的情况或状态以及永恒的真理。I like apples. 我喜欢苹果。
He often goes to school late. 他经常上学迟到。
（2）句式结构（肯定句）有以下两种：
句式结构
例句
be（am/is/are）＋表语
Bob is a doctor.
鲍勃是一名医生。
实义动词作谓语
She likes eating chocolate.
她喜欢吃巧克力。
（3）常用的时间状语有：always，usually，often，every day等。
I usually go to school on foot. 我通常步行去上学。
（4） 一般现在时的用法
1）表示经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态，常与表频率的时间状语连用。
My mother often goes shopping on weekends. 我妈妈经常在周末去购物。
2）描述现在的情况、状态等。
Tom is ill.汤姆生病了。
3）描述客观真理、客观存在或科学事实等。
Light travels faster than sound. 光比声音传播得快。
4）在含时间状语从句或条件状语从句的复合句中，若主句用一般将来时，则从句用一般现在时表示将来。
I'll ring you up if Tom comes back tomorrow. 如果汤姆明天回来，我就给你打电话。
（二）现在进行时
1．概念、句式结构以及常见的时态标志词
（1）概念：现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作。
Jim is watching TV.吉姆正在看电视。
（2）句式结构：主语＋am（is，are）＋现在分词
Ann is singing.安正在唱歌。
（3）常见的时态标志词：now，at the moment，look，listen等。
Look！She is dancing.看！她正在跳舞。
2. 现在进行时的用法
（1）表示目前正在进行的动作。
Nick is having lunch. 尼克正在吃午饭。
（2）与always，usually，forever等词连用，表示说话者的赞扬、厌恶或不满等情绪。
He is always helping others. 他总是帮助别人。
（3）一些表示位置移动的动词，如go，come，leave，fly，arrive 等，常用现在进行时表示即将发生的动作。
I'm leaving for Beijing tomorrow. 我打算明天离开去北京。
（三）一般过去时　
1．概念、句式结构以及常用的时间状语
（1）概念：一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。
His dog died yesterday.昨天他的狗死了。
（2）句式结构（肯定句）有以下两种：
句式结构
例句
be（was/were）＋表语
Bill wasn't at home last night.
比尔昨晚不在家。
实义动词过去式作谓语
Jim went swimming yesterday.
吉姆昨天去游泳了。
（3）常用的时间状语有：yesterday（昨天），the day before yesterday（前天），last week（上星期），two days ago（两天前），just now（刚才）,the other day,in1999,in the past等。
Ann went to Shanghai last week. 上周安去上海了。
2. 一般过去时的用法
（1）表示过去发生或过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态。
Bill visited the Great Wall yesterday. 比尔昨天游览了长城。
Lucy went to the hospital once a week last year. 去年露西每周去医院一次。
（2）用于虚拟条件句中，表示与现在事实相反的情况。
If I were you，I would take a small present. 如果我是你的话，我就带上一件小礼物。
一般将来时
1. 概念：用来表示在将来发生的动作或存在的状态。
2. 谓语部分结构：
（1）am/is/are going to + 动词原形；
（2）will/shall+ 动词原形（will主语部分可以是各种人称， shall只能用于第一人称）；
3. 用法：
（1）be going to +动词原形，表示计划、打算做某事，表示已决定的并很可能发生的事。如：
What are you going to do next Sunday?
Look at the clouds. There is going to be a storm.
①will + 动词原形，表示将来要发生的动作或是存在的状态。如：
Will you be back in two days?
②当句中主语是I或者we时，一般使用shall, 表示征求对方的意见。如：
When shall we meet tomorrow?
be going to+动词原形和will+动词原形的比较：一般情况下两个结构可以互换，但是也有区别。
① 若是强调某个意图是经过事先考虑好的，则通常要用be going to；若是表示某个意图没有经过事先考虑，而是在说话的当时才临时想到的，则通常用will。比较。如：
“Ann is in hospital.” “Oh, really? I didn’t know. I’ll go and visit her.” (临时想法，不能用be going to)
“Ann is in hospital.” “Yes, I know. I’m going to visit her tomorrow.” (事先考虑的意图，不能用will)
② 若是有迹象表明要发生某事，通常只用be going to，不用will。如：
Look at those black clouds. It’s going to rain.
③ 带有时间或条件状语从句的主句通常不宜用be going to，而用will：
When he comes back, I will tell him the news.
If he comes back, I will tell him the news.
4. 与一般将来时连用的时间状语：
tomorrow, the day after tomorrow
next… next week, next year等
in… in three years, in a week等
soon, before long(不久之后)等
注意:“主将从现”原则
主将从现是指在以if(如果), as soon as, until, when等引导的时间状语从句和条件状语从句和让步状语从句中，如果主句是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时替代一般将来时。常见的有以下三种情况：
条件状语从句的主句是一般将来时，那么从句常常用一般现在时。如：
When I grow up, I’ll be a nurse and look after patients.
（2）如果主句是祈使句，那么从句通常要用一般现在时。如：
Don’t laugh at me when I make a mistake.　
（3）如果主句是含有情态动词的一般现在时，根据需要从句多用一般现在时。如：
　　You should be quiet when you are in the reading room
2. 当if 表示“是否”时，不遵循主将从现的原则。如：
I don’t know if he will come to my home tomorrow.
【例题精讲】
1. My sister wants a new dress. She it to the party,
A. wears B. has worn C. wore D. is going to wear
答案：D。
2. --When ______ you ______ reading Jane Eyre?
--It’s hard to say. I’m busy recently.
A. did; finish B. have; finished C. will; finish D. do; finish
答案：C。
3. --Which team do you think ______ the game?
--Hard to say. There are still ten minutes before it ends.
A. won B. has won C. will win D. wins
答案：C。
4. Hurry up! Or we_______(be) late.
答案：will be
（五）过去进行时　
1．概念、句式结构以及常用的时间状语
（1）概念：表示在过去某个时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作。
I was watching TV at 8：00 last night. 昨天晚上八点我正在看电视。
（2）句式结构：主语＋was（were）＋现在分词
当主语为第一、三人称单数时，用was，其余用were。
Bill was playing basketball when I saw him. 当我看见比尔的时候，他正在打篮球。
（3）常用的时间状语有：at nine o'clock last night（昨天晚上九点），at that time（那时），at that moment（当时），this time yesterday（昨天的这个时候），from 8：00 to 9：00 last night（昨晚8：00到9：00）以及when，while引导的时间状语从句等。
Jim was having supper at this time yesterday. 昨天这个时候吉姆正在吃晚饭。
（六）现在完成时　
1．概念以及句式结构
（1）概念：现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果，还表示动作从过去某时开始，一直持续到现在，并有可能持续下去。
I have had lunch. 我已经吃了午饭了。（影响是不饿了）
（2）句式结构：主语＋have/has＋过去分词
Bill has gone to Beijing.比尔去北京了。（不在这里了）
2．现在完成时的用法和常用的时间状语
（1）表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果，常与already，yet，ever等连用。
She has already finished the work. 她已经完成了工作。
（2）表示动作从过去某时开始一直持续到现在，并有可能持续下去，常与“for＋时间段”或“since＋表过去的时间点或一般过去时的句子”连用，此时句中的动词必须是延续性动词。
I have lived in Beijing for 10 years. 我已经住在北京十年了。
重点：现在完成时与一般过去时的区别
两种时态除结构、句式和搭配的时间状语不同之外，最重要的就是意义不同。试比较：
He has lived here since 1972.
自1972年起他就一直住在这儿。（对现在的影响是他还住在这儿）
He lived here in 1972.
在1972年他住在这儿。（并没有说明他现在是否还住在这儿）
【课堂练习】
下列各句中均有一处错误，请找出并改正。
41.Pele was believed was the best football player ever.
A B C D ___________
42.Armstrong studied engineering and joined in the navy in 1949.
A B C D ___________
43.Marie Curie was born in Warsaw, she married with a Frenchman named Pierre.
A B C D
___________
44. Is there anyone here will go with me?
A B C D ___________
45.Daniel called to ask who has borrowed his bike.
A B C D ___________
41.B, to be 42.D, joined 43.C, married 44.C,who will 45.D, had borrowed
根据所给汉语提示完成下列句子。
46.X光如今在全世界被使用来帮助医生拯救生命。
X-rays are now used all over the world _________________________.
47.她为帮助贫困的人而献出了一生。
She _________________________ the poor.
48.效力于皇家马德里队的贝克汉姆是英国人。
Beckham ________________________ Real Madrid （皇家马德里队）is an Englishman.
49.在周末父母常叫我们一起干家务，并说“人多力量大”。
At weekends parents often ask us to do housework together and say “______________”.
50.害怕飞行的人不能当宇航员。
People ________________________________ cannot become astronauts .
46. to help doctors save lives.
47. has devoted her life to helping/caring for.
48. who plays for
49. many hands make light work
50. who are afraid of flying
知识点二 （阅读训练）
完形填空
The year 1970 was World Conservation （保护）Year. Everyone must know that the world is in 51 . Here is one example of the problem. At one time there was 1300 different kinds of trees and flowers in Holland（荷兰）, 52 only 866 remains（继续存在）. The others have been destroyed by modern man. We are 53 the earth, the air and the water, and everything that grows and lives. If we go on like this, we shall destroy 54 .
What will happen in the future? Perhaps it is more 55 to ask “ what must we do now?” The people 56 will be living in the world tomorrow are the young of today. A lot of them know that conservation is necessary. 57 are helping to save our world. Now fifteen million young people in many countries are paying attention to the relationship（关系） between man and the country 58 them. In some countries they 59 much time as “conservation volunteers”. They plant trees and help to 60 wild birds and animals.
But everyone, not only young people, must work to save our world.
( )51.A. safety B. difficulty C. beauty D. danger
( )52.A. but B. just C. or D. and
( )53.A. making B. building C. changing D. cleaning
( )54.A. itself B. us C. themselves D. ourselves
( )55.A. interesting B. difficult C. dangerous D. important
( )56.A. whom B. who C. whose D. what
( )57.A. Much B. A few C. Many D. A little
( )58.A. with B. about C. around D. among
( )59.A. take B. cost C. spend D. have
( )60.A. stop B. protect C. catch D. keep
51-55 D A C D D 56-60 A C C C B
阅读理解
A
Today’s Women
People like to say: “The hand that rocks (摇动) the cradle (摇篮) rules the world.” Or they say: “Behind every successful man, there is a woman.”
Now some women still like making their husbands and sons successful. But some women want more for themselves. They want to be successful as men.
Today the best jobs are still given to men. Even when women do the same work, they are often paid less than men. Some women want these things changed. They want to stand beside the men, with the same chances for success.
Now many American women are earning money outside their homes. More than half of the women at the age of eighteen to sixty-five have good jobs. In general, working women have more education than those who stay at home.
Among women with jobs, eight out of ten drive a car to work, and most of them often spend their holidays away from home. They like traveling by air. Women’s work had made several changes in women’s lives and in men’s lives, too.
But things are quite different from those in the Middle East countries.
In the Middle East countries, women have to stay at home. Their duty is to look after their families and do all the housework. They can’t find work outside. When they go out in public, they cover their faces with something and walk behind their husbands.
For the past few years the women’s life has been changing in those countries. Many women want to play an active role in the society (社会). Though working gives them few chances of getting married, many men still want to marry them in the old ways.
( )61. More and more women want to get jobs because______________.
A.?they don’t want to stand behind their husbands in the street
B. they think they are more important than men
C.?they think they are as important as men
D. housework troubles them too much
( )62. Some women are still badly paid___________.
A.?because women want more money
B.?because of the old ways of thinking
C.?because women can’t do as well as men do
D. but we don’t know why
( )63. If women have got higher education __________ .
A.?they can get better jobs more easily
B.?they don’t have to do any housework
C.?they can travel by plane
D.?they can be paid better than men
( )64. Working gives women ____________ .
A. the chance to receive more education than men
B.?chances to play an important role in the society
C.?more pay than men
D.?fewer chances of doing the housework
( )65. From this passage we know ___________ .
A.?women have the same rights as men today
B.?women don’t want to work outside their homes
C.?more and more women want to play an active role in their countries
D.?in the Middle East countries all the women stay at home
B
Over 30,000 years ago, people from northern Asia went to America. Today we can tell these people Indians.
The Indians went to America because the weather began to change. Northern Asia became very cold. Everything froze. They had to move or they would die. How did the first Indians go to America? They walked!
Later Columbus found the New World in 1492. At first, only a few Europeans followed. They traveled to America in boats. For the next 300 years, about 500,000 people went there. Then the number grew very quickly. From 1815 to 1915, over 32,000,000 Europeans left their countries for the United States. The biggest groups went from Germany and Italy. These Europeans spoke many different languages. Most of them took almost no money. They went to America so they could find a better life.
( )66. ________ went to America first.
A.???People from northern Asia
B.???People from Italy
C.???People from Germany
D.??Columbus
( )67. Why did the Indians go to America? Because ____________ .
A.? northern Asia became very hot
B.? northern Asia became very cold
C. ?they were interested in America
D. ?they liked traveling
( )68. The “New World” was _________.
A. Italy B. northern Asia C. Germany D. America
( )69. These Europeans ___________.
A.? didn’t speak the same language
B.??spoke English
C.??spoke German only
D.?spoke both English and German
( )70. The Europeans went to America in order to _________ .
A. find the New world B. find a better life
C. build more boats D. learn English
A.61-65 C B A D C B.66-70 A B D A B

知识点三 （写作训练）
根据以下有关姜海个人情况介绍，以 My Friend Jiang Hai 为题，写一篇介绍他的短文。
要求： 用第三人称; 所给信息必须全部用上;词数：80左右。
Name: Jiang Hai
Age: 16
Address: 69 Park Road Suzhou
Occupation（职业）: student
Favourite subjects: art and music
Weekday activities: swimming and working
Usual Saturday activity: having parties
Usual Sunday activity: watching TV
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：Jiang Hai is my good friend. He is sixteen years old. He lives at 69 Park Road, Suzhou with his parents. Jiang Hai is a student in No.4 High School. On weekdays, he studies very hard. Art and music are his favourite subjects. In his spare time, he likes doing sports. He usually goes swimming three times a week. Walking is usually what he does after supper. On Saturdays, he often has parties. He likes making friends and they always enjoy themselves. After a week’s hard work, he likes staying at home and watching TV on Sundays.
课后作业
课后作业
根据所给提示完成句子。
11.On 12th Oct 2005 Shenzhou Ⅵ took two Chinese ___________(宇航员) into space.
12.The 10th National Games ___________（圆满地）ended in Nanjing in autumn 2005.
13.Every __________（市民）should make a contribution to making our city more and more beautiful.
14.There are many reports about UFO, but I’ve never seen _________（外星人）.
15.Game of Death was the last film that Bruce Lee __________（主演）in.
16.The invention of computer is believed to be a great ___________ (a long or high jump) of man by many people.
17.My brother dreams to be a__________ ( someone who flies an aeroplane )when he grows up.
18.The birds in the cage long for __________ (free).
19.Two weeks ago four ____________(German) visitors came to our school.
20.The old clock that my grandfather left is still working ___________(proper).
21.Marie Curie received the Nobel Prize __________(two) during her lifetime.
22.Many western holidays started from ____________(religion) celebrations.
23.The telephone which invented by Alexander Bell is__________ (use) all over the world today.
24.When the cat’s away, the __________(mouse) will play.
25.Wait a minute, it’s raining ____________(heavy) outside.

选择填空
( ) 26.He’s _______ person who invented _______ telephone.
A. the; a B. /; / C. the; / D. the; the
( ) 27.If ________ people are involved in a task, it will not be done well.
A. too much B. too many C. much too D. many too
( ) 28.It is said that Neil Armstrong sent a message to Mission Control ______ that two large objects landed near them and were watching them.
A. say B. saying C. tell D. telling
( ) 29.Great changes took place in his hometown in _______.
A. 1980’s B. 1980s’ C. 1980 years D. 1980s
( ) 30.Jeet Kune Do is a type of kung fu, which was ______ by Bruce Lee.
A. invented B. found C. discovered D. made
( ) 31.Have you ________ Albert Einstein who is regarded as one of the greatest persons in the world?
A. heard B. heard from C. heard of D. listen to
( ) 32.Armstrong became interested in _______ ever since he took his first _______ at the age of six.
A. fly; flying B. flight; fly
C. flight; flying D. flying; flight
( ) 33.If you want to make your friend not be too nervous before the final exam, you say:_______.
the early bird catches the worm
Many hands make light work
Too many cooks spoil the broth
Don’t put all your eggs in one basket
( ) 34.Neil Armstrong was the first man ________ on the moon.
A. to walk B. walk C. walked D. walks
( )35.Mother Teresa devoted her life _______ caring _____ the poor.
A. for, to B. for, for C. to, for D. to, to
( )36. Many second-hand flats ________ a lot of money.
A. sells for B. sell C. are sold D. were sold for
( )37. Bernard Show was a great English writer, who died ______.
A. at his age of 94 B. at age of 94
C. in the age of 94. D. at age of 94
( )38. He ______ to cut short the flight short, but he didn’t do so.
A. was ordered B. ordered C. orders D. was ordering
( )39. He won the first prize in the tennis match so everyone _______ him.
A. like B. admire C. admired D. is admired
( )40. The book, _______ I found on my way home is my brother’s.
A.that B. who C. this D. what
11.astronauts 12.successfully 13.citizen 14.aliens 15.starred 16.leap 17.pilot
18. freedom 19.German 20.properly 21.twice 22.religious 23.used 24.mice 25.heavily
26-30. C B B D A 31-35. C D D A C 36-40.D D A C A