2021年中考英语二轮语法训练：介词 含答案

介词
一、介词的种类
　　1）根据结构分类
　　简单介词：即由一个词构成的单一介词。如：for，at，in，on，of，to等。
　　复合介词：即由两个词组合在一起的介词，也称合成介词。
如：without，inside，outside，into，within
　　短语介词：即由短语构成的介词。如：because
of，according
to，thanks
to等。
　　2）根据意义分类
　　表示地点的介词：at，behind，beside，around，near，on，by，in
front
of，across等。
　　表示时间的介词：about，at，after，before，by，during，in，over，past，since，until等。
　　表示原因的介词：for，with，from等。
　　表示手段和方式的介词：by，in，with等。
　　表示“除去”的介词：but，except，besides等。
　　表示其他含义的介词：about
(关于，大约),
on
(关于),
without
(没有),
off
(从……离开),
　　　　　　　　　　　　instead
of
(代替),
with
(和)等。
二、.
介词短语的功能
　　介词和介词宾语一起构成介词短语。介词短语可以在句子中作下列成分：
　　1）作表语：
　　　
She
looks
like
an
actress.
她看上去像演员。
　　　
What’s
the
book
about?
这本书是讲什么的？
　　2）作宾语补足语：
　　　
A
cold
kept
him
in
bed
for
a
week.
感冒使他卧床一周。
　　　
I
found
my
mother
on
the
bus.
我发现我妈妈在公交车上。
　　3）作状语：
　　　
I
will
wait
for
you
until
tomorrow.
我等你到明天。
　　　
The
teacher
came
into
the
classroom
with
a
smile
on
her
face.
　　　
那位老师面带笑容进了教室。
　　4）作定语：
　　　
A
friend
in
need
is
a
friend
indeed.
患难见真情。
三、
中考经常考查的几组介词的用法
1)
时间介词：at/
in/
on
表示具体的时间点（几点钟）前面用介词at。
I
usually
get
up
at
six
in
the
morning.
我通常在早上六点起床。
　注意：
　　at
dinner
time
在（吃）晚饭时
at
night
在夜间
at
weekends
/
the
weekend
在周末
表示在特定的日子、某月某日、星期几、节日等时间的前面，或者某一天的早上、下午、晚上的前面用介词on。
We
can
play
football
on
Sunday.
我们可以在星期天踢足球。
　　
They
came
to
my
house
on
a
cold
winter
morning.
他们在一个寒冷的早晨来到了我家。
表示较长的一段时间段的名词或短语前经常用in，如在早上、下午、晚上；在某月某年等。
I
was
born
in
May.
我出生在五月。
　　
They
came
here
in
1998.
他们在1998年来这里的。
　　
What
are
you
going
to
do
in
the
winter
holiday?
寒假你打算做什么？
注意:
表示上午、下午或晚上的名词前一般用介词in，但是具体到某一天的上午、下午或晚上用介词on。
in
the
morning
在上午
on
Monday
morning
在星期一的上午
2）时间介词：for，since
for
和since引导时间状语都有延续之意。for
+时间段表示“（延续）……之久”。since
+时间点表示从过去某时延续到现在的一段时间。
　　They
have
lived
in
China
for
ten
years.
他们在北京住了十年了。
　　She
has
worked
here
since
last
year.
从去年起她就在这里工作。
3）时间介词：in，after
in+时间段表示从现在算起一段时间以后，一般用于将来时；after+时间段表示从过去算起一段时间后，一般用于过去时。另外after后也可以接具体时间用于将来时。
　　He’ll
be
back
in
three
hours.
他三小时后回来。
　　He
came
back
after
three
hours.
三小时后，他回来了。
　　He’ll
be
back
after
3
o’clock.
他三点后会回来。
4)
方位介词：at，in，on，to
表示在某一点的位置或者具体的位置用at。
We
will
have
a
picnic
at
the
foot
of
mountain.
我们在山脚下举行野餐。
表示在某一个范围之内的方位用介词in。
　　
Shandong
lies
in
the
east
of
China.
山东省在中国的东部。（山东省在中国范围之内）
表示在某一个范围之外的方位用介词to。
　　
Japan
lies
to
the
east
of
China.
日本在中国的东部。（日本在中国范围之外）
表示两者相互接触，强调在同一条线或者同一个平面上用介词on。
　　
Shandong
lies
on
the
north
of
Jiangsu.
山东省在江苏省的北部。（两省接壤）
5)
地点介词：in/on
/
under/
above
/
over/
below
表示一个物体在另一个物体的上面用介词on。
　　
There
is
a
book
on
the
desk.
课桌上有一本书。（书在课桌表面上）
表示一个物体在另一个物体的里面用介词in。
　　
There
are
some
dumplings
in
the
bowl.
碗里有一些水饺。（水饺在碗里面）
表示一个物体在另一个物体的下方，用介词under。（一般为正下方）
　　
There
is
a
ball
under
the
chair.
椅子下面有一个球。（球在椅子的下面）
below意思是“在……之下”，所指范围较宽，不一定在某物的正下方。
From
the
plane,
we
could
see
the
whole
town
below
us.
　　
从飞机上我们可以看到下面城镇的全貌。
表示一个物体在另一个物体的上方，并非有“垂直之上”的含义，用介词above,
其反义词为below。
　　
His
room
is
above
ours.
他的房间在我们的上面。
表示一个物体在另一个物体的正上方用介词over，有时有“覆盖；越过”之意。
　　
His
room
is
over
ours.
他的房间就是我们头上的那间。
　　
There
is
a
big
bridge
over
the
river.
河上有一座大桥。（桥在河的上面）
6)
方位介词between，among
between是表示在两者之间；among表示在三者或者三者以上之间。
　　It’s
a
secret
between
you
and
I.
这是我和你之间的秘密。
　　There
is
a
village
among
the
trees.在树林里面有一个小村庄。
7)
表示工具、手段、材料的in，by，with
in可以和表示某种语言的名词连用表示“用某种语言”;
也可以表示用某种工具或者材料的意思。
Can
you
answer
my
question
in
English？
你能用英语回答我的问题吗？
Don’t
write
in
pencil.
Please
write
in
ink.
不要用铅笔写，请用墨水写。
by指使用的方法和手段，by和表示交通工具的名词连用时，中间不用冠词。
　　
My
father
often
goes
to
work
by
bus.
我爸爸经常乘坐公共汽车去上班。
　　
He
made
a
living
by
selling
newspapers.
他靠卖报为生。
with表示“借助于某种具体的工具或身体部位”。例如：
　　
We
write
with
our
hands.
我们用手写字。
　　
I
cut
the
cake
with
a
knife.
我用刀子切开了蛋糕。
8)
方位介词across，through，past
表示从某一个物体的表面横过、穿过用介词across;
从某一个物体的里面或者一定范围内穿过、横过用介词through;
从旁边经过用past。
They
swam
across
the
river.
他们游过了河。
The
boys
go
through
the
forest
quickly.
这些男孩子快速地穿过树林。　　
They
drove
past
a
big
supermarket.
他们开车经过一家大超市。
9）except，besides
except表示“除……之外”其后的宾语是被排除在整体之外的。besides表示“除……之外”，其后的宾语是被包括在整体之内的。
　　All
the
students
took
part
in
the
sports
meeting
except
Tom.
　　除了汤姆以外，其他的同学都参加了运动会。（汤姆没有参加）
　　We
need
three
more
boys
besides
Tom.
　　除了汤姆以外，我们还需要三个男同学。（我们也需要汤姆）
真题链接：
1.
__________
the
help
of
modern
technology,
scientists
got
a
photo
of
a
black
hole.
A.
At
B.
In
C.
On
D.
With
2.
We
planted
some
flowers____________-the
garden
yesterday.
A.
on
B.
to
C.
in
D.
of
3.---
Is
that
your
headmaster?
---
You
meanthe
man
blue?
A.on
B.with
C.
in
4.
Most
of
the
villagers
took
part
in
the
Dragon
Boat
races9:00
a.
m.
the
morningof
June
7.
A.
at;
in
B.
on
;
on
C.
on
;
in
D.
at
;on
5.I
want
to
learn
a
second
foreign
language
English.
A.except
B.beside
C.besides
D.exceptfor
6.I'm
going
out.?I'll?be?back_____an?hour.
A.at
B.?on
C.?in
D.?from
7.I
think
tea
will
taste
better
____
some
milk
in
it.
A.
for
B.
with
C.
from
D.
at
8．（1分）My
brother
joined
the
army_____September
last
year．
A．on
B．by
C．at
D．in
9．Is
Mr
Green
at
school？
﹣﹣﹣Sorry，
I
don't
know．
But
you
can
call
him
340﹣5261．
A．in
B．With
C．by
D．at
10..
-When
is
your
birthday,
Li
Fang?
-It's
_____________
July
26.
A.
on
B.
to
C.
in
11.
—Chinese
government
sent
two
pandas,
Ruyi
and
Dingding,
to
Russia
several
days
ago.
—The
relationship
______China______Russia
will
be
closer
than
before,
I
think.
A.
both;
and
B.
not
only;
but
also
C.
either;
or
D.
between;
and
12.
—Now
China
was
set
up
in
1949.
—Every
Chinese
knows
her
70th
birthday
is
_____October
1,
2019.
A.
in
B.
at
C.
on
D.
by
13．It's
very
important
us
to
make
a
plan
before
a
new
term
begins．
A．of
B．With
C．By
D．for
14．It's
time______class．
Lets
go
into
the
classroom．
﹣﹣﹣OK．
A．for
B．of
C．in
15.
This
story
is_________
simple
English.
My
little
sister
can
read
it.
A.
for????????????????????????
B.
in??????????????????????????
C.
with??????????????????????
D.
by
16.—Shall
I
help
you
the
street,
Grandpa?
—No,
thanks.
I
can
manage
it
myself.
A.
on
B.
with
C.
across
D.
along
17.—When?will?the?movie?The?King?Lion《狮子王》?return?to?movie?theatres?
in?America?
—____
July.
A.
On
B.?At
C.?In
18.
Light
comes
in
________
the
window.
A.
across
B.
cross
C.
through
19.
He
wrote
his
phone
number_______a
piece
ofpaper.
A.
on
B.
for
C.
in
D.
from
20.
To
my
great
joy,
my
family
is
always
________me
whatever
I
decide
to
do.
A.
behind
B.
to
C.
from
D.
against
21．Yesterday
our
headmaster
made
a
speech
______
environmental
protection,
and
we
learned
something
about
recycling
of
waste.
A．on
B．at
C．to
22.
We
will
attend
the
junior
high
graduation
ceremony
_________June
21st,
2019.
A.
in
B.
at
C.
on
23.---Excuse
me.
Where
is
the
nearest
bookstore?
---Go
Center
Street
and
you'
ll
find
it.
A.
For
B.
along
C.
with
24.
It’s
been
100
years
since
the
May
Fourth
Movement
took
place
May
4,
1919.
A.
for
B.
in
C.
at
D.
on
25.
Beijing
Expo
2019
opened
to
the
public
________
29th
April.
It
will
last
over
five
months.
A.
at
B.
in
C.
on
D.
of
26.
Ladies
and
Gentlemen,
welcome
to
Beijing!!
And
if
you
need
any
help,
please
call
me
_________010-5558
6390.
A.
at
B.
on
C.
with
D.
by
27.
Let’s
take
a
walk
___________
the
river
after
diner,
shall
we?
A.
along
B.
through
C.
upon
D.
over
28.
Ben
was
helping
his
mother
when
the
rain
began
to
beat
heavily
________the
windows.
(2019呼和浩特)
A.
against
B.
across
C.
above
D.
below
29.
In
the
world,
more
than
30%
of
schools
do
not
provide
safe
drinking
water
_________about
570
million
children.
A.
with
B.
for
C.
towards
30.
–I
want
to
watch
TV
the
whole
day
after
the
long
journey.
-You
shouldn’t
watch
TV
too
much.
It’s
bad
_________
your
eyes.
A.
on
B.
in
C.
for
D.
with
31.
A
marathon
was
held
in
Yancheng
____________21st
April,
which
drew
12,000
runners.
A.
on
B.
in
C.
at
D.
by
32.
Facial
recognition
（人脸识别）
technology
is
widely
used
for
payment.
_____,
we
needn’t
enter
the
passwords
any
more.
A.
For
example
B.
As
a
result
C.
What’s
worse
D.
What’s
more
33.
-Su
Bingtian
is
the
winner
of
the
IAAF
World
Indoor
Tour（国际田联室内巡回赛）
-
___________________.
He
is
a
talented
runner.
A.
Without
doubt
C.
Once
in
a
while
B.
For
example
D.
All
of
a
sudden
34.—Shall
we
stop
and
wait
for
others?
—Sounds
good.
I
think
they
will
catch
up______
a
few
minutes.
A.
during
B.
after
C
for
D
in
35.—Could
you
tell
me
how
I
can
improve
my
English?
—Sure.
_______,
you
could
speak
it
as
much
as
possible.
A.
After
all
B.
In
the
end
C.
By
the
way
D.
First
of
all
36．We?are?going?to?have?a?party?______?the?evening?of?June?30th．
A．on
B．in
C．at
D．for
37．As?students，we?must?study?hard．______，we?should?care?for?our?health．
A．At?the?same?time
B．On?the?one?hand
C．All?in?all
D．In?the?end
38.Humans
can
not
make
progress▲dreams.
A.with
B.without
C.through
D.about
39.I
will
go
around
the
city
of
Dalian
by
light—rail
vehicle（轻轨）▲subway
because
I
haven't
taken
it
before.
A.instead
of
B.in
the
face
of
C.
along
with
D.
across
from
40.
Change
the
information
you
read
into
a
mind
map.
,
you
can
remember
it
well
and
think
of
it
later
easily.
A.
In
this
way
B.
At
the
same
time
C.
On
the
other
hand
41.
—What
time
do
you
usually
get
up?
—________
7:00.
A.
At
B.
In
C.
On
42.—
When
did
Neil
Armstrong
walk
on
the
moon?
—________July
20th,
1969.
A.
In
B.
At
C.
For
D.
On
43.The
worlds
longest
cross-sea
bridge,
Hong
Kong-Zhuhai-Macao
Bridge,
openedOctober
24
2018.
A.in
B.at
C.by
D.on
44.
Whenever
you
need
help,
just
call
me.
I
can
come
at
the
drop
of
a
hat.
A.with
a
hat
B.without
a
hat
C.at
once
D.at
a
low
speed
45.
The
instructions
tell
us
everything
____________
about
how
to
make
the
model
ship.
A.
by
hand
B.
by
chance
C.
in
detail
D.
in
person
答案：1.DCCDC
6.CBDDA
11.DCDAB
16.CCCAA
21.ACBDC
26.BADBC
31.ABADD
36.AABAA
41.ADDCC