2021年中考英语二轮语法训练：特殊句式 含答案

特殊句式
1
反意疑问句：
也叫附加疑问句，是在陈述句的后面加一个简短问句，对陈述句所说的事实或者观点提出疑问或希望陈述句部分内容得到证实。结构为“肯定陈述句+否定问句+?”或“否定陈述句+肯定问句+？”。例如：
You
are
coming,
aren’t
you?
你会来的，是吗？
You
can’t
swim,
can
you?
你不会游泳，对吗？
Her
brother
went
to
college
last
year,
didn’t
he?
她哥哥去年上的大学，是不是？
注意：
①陈述部分的主句带有no,
never,
nothing,
nowhere,
hardly,
seldom,
few,
little等否定词或半否
定词时，附加问句用肯定形式。例如：
You
hardly
speak
English,
do
you?
你几乎不能说英语，对吗？
They
have
few
friends
here,
do
they?
他们在这里几乎没有朋友，对吗？
②There
be句型的反意疑问句，其附加问句仍用there。
There
will
be
a
party
tomorrow,
won’t
there?
明天有个晚会，是不是？
③陈述部分是一个主从复合句，附加问句一般要和主句一致。但是当陈述部分是“I’m
sure…,
I’m
afraid…,
I
(don’t)
think
/
believe…
+宾语从句”结构时，附加问句应与从句一致，而且要注意否定转移现象。
He
said
he
was
late
for
class,
didn’t
he?
他说他上课迟到了，是吗？
I
don’t
think
he
is
good
at
math,
is
he?
我认为他不擅长数学，是不是这样？（否定转移）
④反意疑问句的答语一般要根据事实用yes或no引导的简单问句回答，汉语的翻译有时和英语不一致。例如：
—She
can’t
swim,
can
she?
她不会游泳，对吗？
—Yes,
she
can.
不，她会。
—You
weren’t
here
yesterday,
are
you?
你昨天没有在这里，对吗？
—No,
I
wasn’t.
是，我不在。
2.感叹句：
表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的句子叫感叹句。感叹句的末尾用感叹号。句子开头经常用what或者how。
1）How在感叹句中可以修饰形容词、副词、或整个句子等。
例如：
How
beautiful
the
skirt
is!
这条裙子多漂亮呀！
How
tall
your
brother
is！你的哥哥多高呀！
How
time
flies!
时间过得真快呀！
2）what在感叹句可以修饰名词。如果名词是可数名词的单数形式，用what＋a/an＋（形容词）＋名词＋主语＋谓语！如果是不可数名词或者可数名词的复数形式用What＋（形容词）＋名词＋主语＋谓语！
例如：
What
a
tall
boy
your
brother
is!
你哥哥是一个多么高的男孩！
What
beautiful
pictures
they
are!
那些图画多美丽呀！
注意：
what和how引导的感叹句有时可以互换，但是要注意词序的变化。例如：
他是多聪明的孩子！
What
a
clever
boy
he
is!
=
How
clever
a
boy
he
is!
=
How
clever
the
boy
is!
3倒装句式
（1）
so
+
be/
助动词/
情态动词+主语
表示“……也是这样”，用于描述谓语所说情况也适用于另一个人或另一个事物，只能用在肯定句，注意上、下句所使用的动词的时态要一致。如：
You
can
ride
a
bike.
So
can
I.
你会骑自行车，我也会。
He
has
been
to
Beijing.
So
have
I.
他去过北京，我也去过。
Lin
Ping
was
there
last
night.
So
was
everyone
else
in
my
class.
林平昨晚在那里，我们班其他人昨晚也都在那里。
He
saw
the
snake,
and
so
did
I.
他看见那条蛇了，我也看到了。
注意：
上句中前句谓语动词是行为动词，所以后句中要加助动词did。就像行为动词变疑问句一样，句子如果有be、助动词（如：have，will等）和情态动词（如：can，must等），就把这些词放在另一个主语前；如果没有，就要加do，does或did。
辨析：
so＋主语＋be/
助动词/
情态动词，此句型不是倒装句，只是单纯地重复前面一句的意思，表示“的确如此、就是这样”。如：
—My
little
brother
can
swim
in
the
sea.
我的小弟弟能在大海里游泳。
—So
he
can.
的确如此。
—He
gets
up
very
early.
他起得真早。
—So
he
does.
确实很早。
（2）
neither/
nor
+
be/
助动词/
情态动词+主语
表示“……也不这样”。用法和句型so
+
be/
助动词/
情态动词+主语一样，只是意义上表示否定。如：
The
first
one
isn’t
good,
and
neither
is
the
second.
第一个不好，第二个也不好。
They
didn’t
come
last
night.
Nor
did
I.
他们昨天晚上没有来，我也没有来。
（3）
以there,
here,
out
,
in
,
up
,
down,
away
等副词开头的句子。
为了起到强调的作用，可构成倒装句，只把副词放在句首，主语和谓语位置调换，不加助动词。这时的主语必须是名词，主语是人称代词时，主语和谓语语序不变。
如：Here
comes
the
bus.
公共汽车来了。
Here
it
comes.
它来了。
In
came
our
teacher.
我们老师进来了。
Out
rushed
the
boys.
男孩子们冲了出去。
（4）
表地点状语的介词短语放在句首，要用倒装句式，以示强调。
这种倒装句也是主谓直接调换位置，不加助动词did,
does或do。如：
Under
a
big
tree
sat
a
fat
man,
half
asleep.
树下坐着一个胖男人，似乎睡着了。
（5）
there放在句首时，要用倒装句式。
在“there
+
be”结构中的谓语动词有时不用be
,
而用表示“存在”的其他不及物动词。如：live,
stand,
come,
lie等动词代替be。如：
There
came
shouts
for
help
from
the
river.
从河里传来了呼救声。
There
lies
a
large
wheat
field
in
front
of
the
house.
房子前面是一大片麦田。
真题链接：
1.
-It
is
said
that
5G
is
coming.
It
will
improve
our
life
great!
-
__________
amazing
it
is!
A.
What
an
B.
How
a
C.
What
D.
How
2.
____________
exciting
news
it
is!
Beijing
will
hold
2022
Winter
Olympic
Games.
A.
What
an
B.
What
C.
How
D.
How
an
3.______useful?the?information?you've?provided?is!
A.?What?a
B.What
C.What?an
D.?How
4.
____
smart
the
driverless
car
is!
I
really
want
to
have
one.
A.
What
B.
What
a
C.
What
an
D.
How
5．Look
at
my
new
dress．
Wow!
_________beautiful
it
is!
A．How
B．How
a
C．What
D．What
a
6.—Peter
has
made
great
progress
in
English
recently.
—
.
He
has
been
studying
so
hard
these
days.
A.
So
have
he
B.
So
he
has
C.
So
he
have
D.
So
has
he
7.
—There
is
nothing
left
in
the
fridge,
___________?
—.
___________Let's
go
to
the
supermarket
to
buy
some.
A.
is
there;
Yes
B.
isn't
there;
Yes
C.
is
there;
No
D.
isn'
t
there;
No
8.
—Wow!
______clean
air
we
have
today!
—Yes.
Look!
A
lot
of
adults
are
doing
Kung
fu
over
there.
A.
How
B.
What
a
C.
How
a
D.
What
9.
-Have
you
seen
the
hot
film
Wandering
Earth____________?
-Yes,
I
have.____________
wonderful
science
fiction
movie
it
is!
A.
yet,How
a
B.already
,How
C.
yet,
What
a
D.
already,
What
10.
-Wang
Bin
has
never
stopped
smoking,
____________
he?
-
____________,
he
hasn't.
Although
his
wife
always
advises
him
not
to.
A.
has,
Yes
B.
hasn't,
Yes
C.
has,
No
D.
hasn't,
No
11．Steven
had
nothing
for
breakfast
this
morning，？
No．Because
he
had
a
fever．
A．hadn't
he
B．had
he
C．didn't
he
D．did
he
12．______hard﹣working
boy
Zhou
Bin
is!
Yes．
I'
m
sure
he'll
pass
the
test．
A．What
a
B．What
C．How
13.Lucy,?look?at?the?stars?in?the?sky.
____!
A.?What?bright?it?is
B.?How?bright?they?are
C.?What?bright?they?are
14.
________
song
the
little
girl
sings!
A.
What
a
sweet
B.
How
a
sweet
C.
What
sweet
15.
If
you
take
a
vacation
this
summer,
so
________
I.
A.
will
B.
do
C.
am
16.
-
He
didn'tgoto
school,didhe?
-,__________________,
though
he
had
a
stomachache.
A.
No,
he
didn't
B.Yes,
he
didn't
C.Yes,
he
did
D.No,
he
did
17.
________________
exciting
news
it
is
1
3D一printed
houses
will
come
out!
A.What
B.What
an
C．How
D，How
an
18．_______
fun
it
is
to
have
a
field
trip
on
the
Orange
Island!
A．What
B．What
a
C．How
19.
-____________
different
life
is
today!
-Yeah.
We
are
allliving
a
happy
and
rich
life
now.
A.
What
a
B.
How
C.
What
20.
---beautiful
song
it
is!
---Yes.
It
is
Taylor
Swift's
new
song.
A.
How
B.
What
C.
What
a
21.
-___________wonderful
the
music
is!
What’s
its
name?
-Victory.
A.
How
B.
How
a
C.
What
D.
What
a
22.
Guan
Dong
saved
an
old
lady
out
of
the
Yangtze
River.
________great
courage
he
showed!
A.
What
a
B.
What
C.
How
a
D.
How
23.
specialclasses
we
had!We
have
learneda
lotaboutpapercutting.
A.What
B.Whata
C.Howa
D.How
24.
—I
’m
tired
out
after
three-day
work
day
and
night.
—_____
relax
yourself?
Go
out
and
enjoy
the
natural
beauty.
A.
Why
not
B.
Why
don’t
C.
What
about
D.
Shall
we
25.
-One
of
the
hosts
of
The
Point
named
Liu
Xin
graduated
from
our
school,
didn't
she?
-
____________
My
English
teacher
taught
her
before.
A.
Yes,
she
was.
B.
No,
she
wasn't.
C.
Yes,
she
did.
D.
No,
she
didn't.
26．Look?at?the?blue?sky．______?fine?weather?it?is!
A．How
B．How?a
C．What
D．What?a
27.
________
fine
weather
it
is!
A.
What
a
B.
How
C.
What
28.
—All
of
my
classmates
have
passed
the
English
test.
—
exciting
the
news
is!
How
B.
What
C.
What
an
D.
How
an
答案:1.DBDDA
6.BDBCC
11.DABAA
16.CACBC
21.ABAAC
26.CCA