2021年中考英语二轮语法训练：主谓一致 含答案

主谓一致
主谓一致三原则
1.
语法一致的原则
(1)以单数名词或代词，动词不定式短语作主语时，谓语动词要用单数;主语为复数时，谓语用复数，例如：
　　He
goes
to
school
early
every
morning.
　　The
children
are
playing
outside.
　　To
work
hard
is
necessary
for
a
student.
　　(2)由and或both……and连接的并列成分作主语时，谓语动词用复数。例如：
　　Both
he
and
I
are
right.
　　Mr
Black
and
Mrs
Black
have
a
son
called
Tom.
　　但并列主语如果指的是同一人，同一事物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数。例如：
　　His
teacher
and
friend
is
a
beautiful
girl.
　　The
poet
and
writer
has
come.
　　(3)由and连接的并列单数主语之前如果分别由each,
every修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。例如：
　　In
our
country
every
boy
and
every
girl
has
the
right
to
receive
education.
　　Each
man
and
each
woman
is
asked
to
help.
　　(4)主语是单数时，尽管后面跟有
but
,except,
besides,
with
等介词短语，谓语动词仍用单数。例如：
　　The
teacher
with
his
students
is
going
to
visit
the
museum.
　　Nobody
but
two
boys
was
late
for
class.
　　Bread
and
butter
is
a
daily
food
in
the
west.
　　(5)
一些只有复数形式的名词，如people,
police,
cattle,
clothes等作主语时，谓语动词要用复数。例如：
　　A
lot
of
people
are
dancing
outside.
　　The
police
are
looking
for
lost
boy.
　　(6)由each,
some,
any,
no,
every
构成的复合代词作主语时，谓语动词都用单数。例如：
　　Is
everybody
ready?
　　Somebody
is
using
the
phone.
　　(7)有两部分构成的物体的名词，如glasses,
shoes,
trousers,
chopsticks,
scissors
等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。例如：2·1·c·n·j·y
　　Where
are
my
shoes?
I
can’t
find
them.
　　Your
trousers
are
dirty.
You’d
better
change
them.21·世纪
教育网
　　如果这类名词前用了a
pair
of等，则往往用作单数，谓语动词的单复数形式往往取决于pair的单复数形式。例如：2m
　　Here
are
some
new
pairs
of
shoes.
　　My
new
pair
of
socks
is
on
the
bed.
　　2.
意义一致的原则
　　(1)表时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。例如：
　　Twenty
years
is
not
a
long
time.
　　Ten
dollars
is
too
dear.
(2)有些集合名词，如family,
team等作主语时，如作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数;如指其中每个成员，则用复数。例如：www-2-1-cnjy-com
　　My
family
is
big
one.
　　My
family
are
watching
TV.
　　(3)不定代词由all,
most,
more,
some,
any,
none作主语时，也要依这些代词表示的意义来决定谓语动词的单复数形式。如果代词代表复数可数名词，谓语动词用复数;如果代词代表单数可数名词或不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。例如：21
com
　　All
of
the
work
has
been
finished.
　　All
of
the
people
have
gone.
　　(4)疑问代词作主语时，其谓语动词也有两种情况：主语表示复数意义，谓语动词用复数;主语表示单数意义，则谓语动词用单数。例如：
　　Who
is
your
brother?
　　Who
are
League
members?
　　(5)“分数或百分数+of+名词”构成的词组作主语时，其谓语动词要以of后面的名词而定。名词是复数，谓语动词用复数：名词是单数，谓语动词用单数。例如：【版权所有：21教育】
　　It
is
said
that
35
per
cent
of
the
doctors
are
women.
　　Three
-fourths
of
the
surface
of
the
earth
is
sea.教育网版权所有
　　(6)half,
the
rest等表示不定数量的名词作主语时，如果所指为复数意义，动词用复数;如果所指为单数意义，动词用单数。例如：
　　I
have
read
a
large
part
of
the
book,
the
rest
is
more
difficult.
　　Only
ten
students
attended
the
class
because
all
the
rest
were
off
sick.
　　(7)由what
引导地主于从句作主语时，通常谓语动词用单数形式。但如果所指内容为复数意义时，谓语动词用复数形式。例如：
　　What
she
said
is
correct.
　　What
she
left
me
are
a
few
old
books.
　　(8)凡是以“定冠词+形容词(或分词)”作主语，往往根据意义一致的原则决定谓语动词的单复数形式。如果这种主语指的是一类人，谓语动词用复数;如果指的是一个人或抽象概念，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：
　　The
sick
have
been
cured
and
the
lost
have
been
found.2-1-c-n-j-y
　　The
dead
is
a
famous
person.
　　3.
邻近一致的原则
　　(1)由连词or,
either……or,
neither……nor,
not
only…but
also,等连接的并列主语，如果一个是单数，一个是复数，则谓语动词按就近一致原则，与最靠近它的主语一致。例如：
　　Either
you
or
I
am
right.
　　Neither
the
children
nor
the
teacher
knows
anything
about
it.
　　(2)在“There
be”
句型中,谓语动词和靠近的主语一致。
　　There
are
two
apples
and
one
egg
in
it.
　　(3)as
well
as
和名词连用时,谓语动词和第一个名词相一致。
　　He
as
well
as
I
is
responsible
for
it.
　　不但是我，他对这件事也有责任。
　　(4)以here开头的句子，其谓语动词和靠近的主语一致。
真题链接：
1.
We
gave
away
____
books
to
the
school
library
last
year.
A.
six
thousands
B.
six
thousand
C.
six
thousands
of
D.
six
thousand
of
2.
In
the
near
future,
there
____
self-driving
cars
in
our
city.
A.
is
B.
was
C.
are
D.
will
be
3.
students
in
our
class
goine
to
the
summer
camp
in
Beijing
next
week.
A.
Two
fifths;is
B.
Second
fifths;
are
C.
Second
fifths;
is
D.
Two
fifths;
are
4.
After
playing
football
for
more
than
half
an
hour,
the
students
took
rest.
A.
a
few
minute's
B.
a
little
minute's
C.
a
few
minutes'
D.
a
little
minutes'
5.September
is
the
_____month
of
a
year.
A.seventh
B.eighth
C.ninth
D.tenth
6.
We
are
proud
of
our
country.
The
year
2019
is
her
____
birthday.
(2019广东)
A.
seventy
B.
the
seventy
C.
the
seventieth
D.
seventieth
7.
—Can
I
help
you,
Madam?
—Yes.
______please.
A.
Two
pair
of
socks
B.
Two
pairs
of
socks
C.
Two
pairs
of
sock
D.
Two
pair
of
sock
8.
Nowadays,
_________
people
like
HUAWEI
phones
better,
and
about
_________
of
them
are
adults.
A.
the
number
of,
four-fifths
B.
a
number
of,
four-fifth
C.
a
number
of,
four-fifths
D.
the
number
of,
four-five
9.
____volunteers
will
be
needed
for
2020
Beijing
Winter
Olympic
Games.
A.
Two
thousand
of
B.Two
thousands
of
C.Thousand
of
D.Thousands
of
10.?—?We'll?celebrate?the
____
National?Day?this?year.
—That?s?really?exciting。
A.?seventy
B.?seventeen
C.?seventieth
11.
We
are
preparing
programs
to
celebrate
our
country’s
________
birthday.
A.
seventy
B.
seventieth
C.
seventeenth
12.
His
mother
took
him
to
visit
the
great
Wall
on
his
________
birthday.
A.
nine
B.
nineth
C.
ninth
13.
Every
year,
_________books
are
given
away
to
the
poor
children
in
the
countryside.
A.
thousand
B.
thousands
of
C.
thousand
of
14.
Wu
Dajiang,
a
_________Chinese
skater,
set
a
new
world
record
at
the
Short
Track
World
Cup
last
year.
A.
25-year-old
B.
25
year
old
C.
25-year-old
D.
25
years
old
15.
–Which
month
of
the
year
do
you
like
best?
-
July,
the
_________
month,
because
summer
vacation
begin
in
this
month.
A.
seven
B.
six
C.
seventh
D.
sixth
16．___is
the
population
of
China，Jack？
﹣﹣Let
me
think
for
a
moment，
it
is
about___．
A．How
many；1，400
million
B．What；1，400
million
C．What；140
million
D．How
many；140
million
17.On
my
________
birthday,
I
got
a
new
schoolbag
as
a
gift
from
my
parents.
A.
nine
B.
ninth
C.
the
ninth
18.
Not
only
you
but
also
I
__________
interested
in
the
cartoon
called
Peppa
Pig.
A.
am
B.
is
C.
are
19.
Not
only
Jack
but
also
I
crazy
about
the
football
match.
A.
am
B.
is
C.are
D.
be
答案：1.BCDCC
6.DBCDC
11.BCBCC
16.BBAA