【备战2021】高考二轮复习 非谓语动词课件(29张ppt)+学案+习题

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名称 【备战2021】高考二轮复习 非谓语动词课件(29张ppt)+学案+习题
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资源类型 试卷
版本资源 人教版(2019)
科目 英语
更新时间 2021-02-23 17:22:48

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(共29张PPT)
考纲解读
非谓语动词的考查要点主要为它的作用和形式。
作用方面:
1、做宾语时用不定式还是动名词
2、作宾语、状语、补语时用不定式还是分词
3、它们作某一成分时的特殊情况及特殊结构
形式方面:
主要考查用一般式还是完成式、主动还是被动、现在分词还是过去分词。
命题解读
设题方法
侧重考查学生分析句子结构和判断句子成分的能力。
核心考点
考查非谓语动词作状语、定语和补足语。
备考知识
1.非谓语动词作各类状语的基本用法。
2.非谓语动词作定语的基本用法。
3.非谓语动词作宾语补足语或主语补足语的基本用法。
4.动名词和动词不定式作主语、宾语和表语的基本用法。
真题预览
Decorating
with
Plants,
Fruits
and
Flowers
for
Chinese
New
Year
Chinese
New
Year
is
a
61.
(celebrate)marking
the
end
of
the
winter
season
and
the
beginning
of
spring.
This
is
why
decorating
with
plants,
fruits
and
flowers
62.
(carry)special
significance.
They
represent
the
earth
63.
(come)
back
to
life
and
best
wishes
for
new
beginnings.
These
are
some
of
the
most
popular
in
many
parts
of
the
country:
Oranges:
Orange
trees
are
more
64.
decoration;
they
are
a
symbol
of
good
fortune
and
wealth.
They
make
great
gifts
and
you
see
them
many
times
65.
(decorate)with
red
envelopes
and
messages
of
good
fortune.
Bamboo:
Chinese
love
their
"Lucky
Bamboo"
plants
and
you
will
see
them
often
in
their
homes
and
offices.66.
(certain)
during
the
holiday
period,
this
plant
is
a
must.
Bamboo
plants
are
associated
67
.
health,
abundance
and
a
happy
home.
They
are
easy
68.
(care)for
and
make
great
presents.
Branches
of
Plum
blossoms(梅花):The
69.
(beauty)
long
branches
covered
with
pink-colored
buds
(蓓蕾)
make
fantastic
decorations.
The
plum
trees
are
70.
first
to
flower
even
as
the
snow
is
melting(融化).
They
represent
the
promise
of
spring
and
a
renewal
of
life.
2020全国Ⅱ卷
coming
decorated
to
care
※谓语:说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。它有人称、数、时态和语态的变化。
e.g.
He
works.
/
He
takes
care
of
the
baby.
----
单谓语或动词短语
He
will
go
to
Shanghai.
/
He
didn‘t
go
to
Shanghai.
--情态动词/助动词+
v.
You
are
students.
/
You
look
smart.
----系动词+表语
※非谓语:无人称,数的变化,不单独作谓语,但保留动词特点,可以有宾语或状语。
e.g.
He
wants
to
work
here.
He
found
the
book
interesting.
She
had
water
delivered
to
her
house.
考点落实
概述
考点落实
1.判断“谓”与“非谓”
句子按结构分为三类,即简单句、并列句和复合句。并列句和复合句都需要连词来引导,当句子中已出现谓语动词时,如果两个句子用连词进行连接,应选谓语动词形式;如果两个结构中未出现连词,则考虑用非谓语动词。
解题三步走
考点落实
1.
The
girl
___________
(dance)
in
the
classroom
now.
句中________(有\无)谓语动词,所以空格出应填入________________(谓语动词\非谓语动词)。

谓语动词
学会判断何时使用非谓语动词
2.
The
girl
_______
(dance)
in
the
classroom
and
she
looked
very
beautiful.
句中________(有\无)谓语动词,但是有并列连词______连接两个动
词,所以空格出应填入________________(谓语动词\非谓语动词)。

谓语动词
and
考点落实
3.
The
girl
_______
(dance)
in
the
classroom
looks
very
beautiful.
句中________(有\无)谓语动词,并且没有连词,所以空格出应填入
______________(谓语动词\非谓语动词)。

谓语动词
4.
The
girl
who
_______
(dance)
in
the
classroom
looks
very
beautiful.
句中________(有\无)谓语动词,但是有从属连词________引导定语
从句,所以空格出应填入________________(谓语动词\非谓语动词)。

who
非谓语动词
考点落实
总结:
一个句子当中,已经存在一个谓语动词,又没有连词的情况
下,
还有别的动词出现时,这些动词就应使用非谓语动词形式.
考点落实
2.确定与逻辑主语之间的关系
确定使用非谓语动词之后,就要找到其逻辑主语。非谓语动词虽不能作谓语,但仍具有动词的特点,其逻辑上的动作执行者就叫做逻辑主语。找不到其逻辑主语时,整个句子或所在句的主语就是非谓语动词的逻辑主语。正确判断非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间的关系是正确选择非谓语动词形式的保证,不管是作什么成分的非谓语动词都体现以下特点:
(1)如果非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系,可用现在分词;
(2)如果非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系,可用过去分词。
解题三步走
考点落实
1.
?__________(encourage)
by
the
advances
in
technology,
many
farmers
have
set
up
wind
farms
on
their
land.
学会判断主被动
句中________(有\无)谓语动词,所以空格出应填入________________(谓语动词\非谓语动词)。
————
非谓语动词
被动
?

Encouraged
2.
?__________?(approach)
the
city
center,
we
saw
a
stone
statue
of
about
10
meters
in
height.
句中________(有\无)谓语动词,所以空格出应填入________________(谓语动词\非谓语动词)。
___
非谓语动词
主动

Approaching
考点落实
3.选择正确的非谓语动词形式
非谓语动词具备动词的一些特点,也可以有动作发生的时间。对于谓语动词,我们用时态来表示动作发生的时间;对于非谓语动词不能用时态来表示动作发生的时间。非谓语动词所表示的时间是一个相对时间,即相对于谓语动词的时间而言。同时也需要了解非谓语动词的不同形式所指时间的含义。如to
have
done,having
done表示该动作在谓语动作之前发生;to
be
doing,doing强调与谓语动词的动作同时发生。
解题三步走
考点落实
非谓语动词的形式
1)
to
do
不定式
2)
v-ing
①as
a
noun动名词;
②as
adj.
or
adv.
现在分词
3)
v-ed
过去分词
考点落实
注意:非谓语动词的否定,not应放在非谓语动词之前。
主动形式
被动形式
动词不定式
一般式
to
do
to
be
done
进行式
to
be
doing
----
完成式
to
have
done
to
have
been
done
动词-ing
形式
一般式
doing
being
done
完成式
having
done
having
been
done
过去分词
只有一种形式done
非谓语动词的时态
考点落实
1、Volunteering
gives
you
a
chance
_________??(change)
lives,
including
your
own.
2、The
meeting
_________
(hold)next
week
is
very
important
for
the
volunteers.
to
change
主动
to
be
held
被动
to
do
不定式

to
do
不定式在句子中通常表示_________(含义)和_________(时态)
目的
将来
考点落实
1.
He
had
a
wonderful
childhood,_________(travel)
with
his
mother
to
all
corners
of
the
world.
2.?________
(look)
at
my
classmates’
faces,
I
read
the
same
excitement
in
their
eyes.
travelling
Looking
现在分词
(doing)

现在分词doing
在句子中通常表示_________(含义)和_________(时态)
主动
进行
考点落实
1.
A
great
number
of
students_________(question)
said
they
were
forced
to
practise
the
piano.?
??
2.?Mrs.White
showed
her
students
some
old
maps?___________?
(borrow)
from
the
library.
questioned
borrowed
过去分词
(done)

过去分词done在句子中通常表示_________(含义)和_________(时态)
被动
完成
考点落实
Attention
1、有些动词后跟动词不定式作宾语补足语,必须省去to,即
v+sb.
/sth.

do...,表示这个动作的全过程。还可以接doing表示正在进行的动作,即v
+
sb.
/sth.

doing...。这样的动词有:五看—
see,watch,look
at,notice,observe;二听—hear,listen
to;一感觉—
feel;
当这些动词变成被动的时候,则需要还原不定式符号to。
eg:I
saw
a
girl
feed
the
bird.
The
bird
was
seen
to
fed
by
a
girl.
考点落实
2、介词后常常接动名词形式作宾语,但介词but/except后接不定式作宾语,且前有实义动词do时,不定式就要省略to。
3、有些动词后只能接不定式。如:refuse,want,wish,offer,long,fail,happen,expect,ask,decide,determine,manage,afford,pretend等
4、有些动词后只能接doing。如:mind,miss,enjoy,give
up,imagine,include,deny,delay,consider,advise,appreciate,finish,escape,excuse,practise,suggest
考点落实
5、既可接不定式也可接动名词作宾语的动词,但两者意思不同。
mean
forget
remember
regret
to
do
sth.
打算(想要)做某事
doing
sth.
意味着(要)做某事
to
do
sth.
忘记去做某事
doing
sth.
忘记做过某事
to
do
sth.
记得去做某事
doing
sth.
记得做过某事
to
do
sth.
对即将做的事表示遗憾
doing
sth.
对做过的事表示后悔
考点落实
try
go
on
stop
can’t
help
to
do
sth.
设法做某事
doing
sth.
试着做某事
to
do
sth.
继续做另一件事
doing
sth.
继续做原来做的事
doing
sth.
停止做某事
to
do
sth.
停下正在做的事去做另一事
doing
sth.
禁不住去做某事
(to)
do
sth.
不能帮助做某事
考点落实
(1)Remember
to
turn
off
the
lights
before
you
go
to
bed.
临睡前记着关灯。
(2)I
remember
reading
about
the
earthquake
in
the
papers.
我记得在报纸上看到过关于这次地震的消息。
(3)Don’t
forget
to
turn
down
the
gas
after
an
hour
or
so.
别忘了过一个小时左右把煤气关小点儿。
(4)I
shall
never
forget
seeing
the
Great
Wall
for
the
first
time.
我永远不会忘记第一次看见长城的情景。
(5)I
regret
to
say
the
job
has
been
filled.
我很遗憾地告诉你,那个工作已经有人做了。
(6)I
regret
saying
what
I
said.I
shouldn’t
have
said
it.
我懊悔说了那些话。我是不应该这样说的。
考点落实
6、单个现在分词形式作定语时放在名词之前,分词短语作定语时要放在名词之后。
eg:The
sleeping
man
is
Tom's
father.
The
man
sleeping
there
is
Tom's
father.
(2020
全国二卷)They
represent
the
earth
63.
(come)
back
to
life
and
best
wishes
for
new
beginnings.
句中________(有\无)谓语动词,所以空格出应填入________________(谓语动词\非谓语动词)。给出动词come的逻辑主语为___________,他们为___________,故填______________。

非谓语动词
真题演练
the
earth
主动关系
coming
真题演练
(2020
全国二卷)They
make
great
gifts
and
you
see
them
many
times
65.
(decorate)with
red
envelopes
and
messages
of
good
fortune.
句中_____(有\无)谓语动词,所以空格出应填入____________(谓语动词\非谓语动词)。给出动词decorate的逻辑主语为___________,他们为___________,故填______________。

非谓语动词
great
gifts
被动关系
decorated
(2020
全国二卷)They
are
easy
68.
(care)for
and
make
great
presents.
句中________(有\无)谓语动词,所以空格出应填入________________(谓语动词\非谓语动词)。给出动词care的逻辑主语为___________,他们为___________,空前出现be+adj.形式,其后加to
do不定式形式,故填_________。

非谓语动词
真题演练
they
主动关系
to
care
解答非谓语动词需要掌握三种能力:
1.辨别“谓与非谓”的能力。
2.寻找非谓语动词逻辑主语的能力。
3.分析“时态”和“语态”的能力。
总结
谢谢
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详情请看:
https://www.21cnjy.com/help/help_extract.php中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
非谓语动词练习
(2020·全国新课标I改错)
My
mom
told
me
how
to
preparing
it.
(2020·全国新课标I改错)
I
like
eating
frying
tomatoes
with
eggs,
and
I
thought
it...
(2020·全国新课标I)
Chinese
researchers
hope
to
use
the
instruments
on
board
Chang’e-4
_____
(find)
and
study
areas
of
the
South
Pole-Aitken
basin.
(2020·江苏省高考真题)Technological
innovations,
____
good
marketing,
will
promote
the
sales
of
these
bined
with
B.combining
with
C.having
combined
with
D.to
be
combined
with
5.(2020·天津高考真题)______
us
prepare
for
the
exam,
the
teacher
suggested
reading
through
our
notes.
A.To
help
B.helped
C.helping
D.Being
helped
6.(2020·天津高考真题)The
dancer’s
incredible
performance
had
the
audience
on
its
feet
______
for
10
minutes
at
the
end
of
the
show.
A.being
clapped
B.clap
C.clapped
D.clapping
7.(2020·天津高考真题)The
local
government
doesn't
have
to
sacrifice
environmental
protection
____________
economic
growth.
A.to
be
promoted
B.being
promoted
C.promoting
D.to
promote
8.(2020·天津高考真题)___________in
1931,
the
Empire
State
Building,
the
highest
skyscraper
until
1954,
inspired
the
imagination
of
the
world.
A.Having
completed
B.Being
completed
C.Completed
D.Completing
(2019全国I卷)Modem
methods
of
tracking
polar
bear
populations
have
been
employed
only
since
the
mid-1980s,
and
are
expensive
______
(perform)
consistently
over
a
large
area.
(2019全国I卷)Scientists
have
responded
by
_____
(note)
that
hungry
bears
may
be
congregating(聚集)
around
human
settlements,
leading
to
the
illusion(错觉)
that
populations
are
higher
than
they
actually
are.
11.(2019全国II卷)A
90-year-old
has
been
awarded
“Woman
Of
The
Year”
for
______
(be)Britain's
oldest
full-time
employee-still
working
40
hours
a
week.
12.
(2019·北京卷)Nervously
_____
(face)
challenges,
I
know
I
will
whisper
to
myself
the
two
simple
words
“Be
yourself”.
13.(2019全国II卷)When
we
got
a
call
______
(say)she
was
short-listed,we
thought
it
was
a
joke.
14.(2019全国III卷)On
our
way
to
the
house,it
was
raining
so
hard
that
we
couldn't
help
wondering
how
long
it
would
take
_____
(get)there.
15.(2019全国III卷)On
the
last
day
of
our
week-long
stay,we
were
invited
to
attend
a
private
concert
on
a
beautiful
farm
on
the
North
Shore
under
the
stars,_____
(listen)to
musicians
and
meeting
interesting
locals.
16.(2019浙江高考)When
the
children
are
walking
or
______
(cycle)
to
school
on
dark
mornings,
car
drivers
can
easily
see
them.
17.(2019浙江高考)But
some
students
didn't
want
______
(wear)
the
uniform.
18.(2019·江苏省高考真题)China’s
image
is
improving
steadily,
with
more
countries
________
its
role
in
international
affairs.
A.recognizing
B.being
recognized
C.to
be
recognized
D.recognized
19.(2019·天津高考真题)Most
colleges
now
offer
first-year
students
a
course
specially
________
to
help
them
succeed
academically
and
personally.
A.designed
B.designing
C.to
design
D.being
designed
20.
(2018·全国I)You
don't
have
to
run
fast
or
for
long______(see)the
benefit.
You
may
drink,
smoke,
be
overweight
and
still
reduce
your
risk
of
_________
(die)
early
by
running.
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
非谓语动词学案
概述
谓语:说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。它有人称、数、时态和语态的变化。
e.g.
He
works.
/
He
takes
care
of
the
baby.
----
单谓语或动词短语
He
will
go
to
Shanghai.
/
He
didn’t
go
to
Shanghai.
--情态动词/助动词+
v.
You
are
students.
/
You
look
smart.
----系动词+表语
非谓语:无人称,数的变化,不单独作谓语,但保留动词特点,可以有宾语或状语。
e.g.
He
wants
to
work
here.
He
found
the
book
interesting.
She
had
water
delivered
to
her
house.
解题三步走
1、判断“谓”与“非谓”
句子按结构分为三类,即简单句、并列句和复合句。并列句和复合句都需要连词来引导,当句子中已出现谓语动词时,如果两个句子用连词进行连接,应选谓语动词形式;如果两个结构中未出现连词,则考虑用非谓语动词。
①学会判断何时使用非谓语动词
(1)The
girl
___________
(dance)
in
the
classroom
now.
句中________(有\无)谓语动词,所以空格出应填入________________(谓语动词\非谓语动词)。
(2)The
girl
_______
(dance)
in
the
classroom
and
she
looked
very
beautiful.
句中________(有\无)谓语动词,但是有并列连词______连接两个动词,所以空格出应填入________________(谓语动词\非谓语动词)。
(3)The
girl
_______
(dance)
in
the
classroom
looks
very
beautiful.
句中______(有\无)谓语动词,并且没有连词,所以空格出应填入_____________(谓语动词\非谓语动词)。
(4)The
girl
who
_______
(dance)
in
the
classroom
looks
very
beautiful.
句中________(有\无)谓语动词,但是有从属连词________引导定语从句,所以空格出应填入________________(谓语动词\非谓语动词)。
总结:
一个句子当中,已经存在一个谓语动词,又没有连词的情况下,
还有别的动词出现时,这些动词就应使用非谓语动词形式.
2.确定与逻辑主语之间的关系
确定使用非谓语动词之后,就要找到其逻辑主语。非谓语动词虽不能作谓语,但仍具有动词的特点,其逻辑上的动作执行者就叫做逻辑主语。找不到其逻辑主语时,整个句子或所在句的主语就是非谓语动词的逻辑主语。正确判断非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间的关系是正确选择非谓语动词形式的保证,不管是作什么成分的非谓语动词都体现以下特点:(1)如果非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系,可用现在分词;
(2)如果非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系,可用过去分词。
2、学会判断主被动
(1)?__________(encourage)
by
the
advances
in
technology,
many
farmers
have
set
up
wind
farms
on
their
land.
句中________(有\无)谓语动词,所以空格出应填入________________(谓语动词\非谓语动词)。
(2)?__________?(approach)
the
city
center,
we
saw
a
stone
statue
of
about
10
meters
in
height.
句中________(有\无)谓语动词,所以空格出应填入________________(谓语动词\非谓语动词)。
3.选择正确的非谓语动词形式
非谓语动词具备动词的一些特点,也可以有动作发生的时间。对于谓语动词,我们用时态来表示动作发生的时间;对于非谓语动词不能用时态来表示动作发生的时间。非谓语动词所表示的时间是一个相对时间,即相对于谓语动词的时间而言。同时也需要了解非谓语动词的不同形式所指时间的含义。如to
have
done,having
done表示该动作在谓语动作之前发生;to
be
doing,doing强调与谓语动词的动作同时发生。
非谓语动词的形式:
____________________
____________________
____________________
非谓语动词的时态
主动形式
被动形式
动词不定式
一般式
___________
__________
进行式
____________
__________
完成式
____________
___________
动词-ing
形式
一般式
____________
___________
完成式
____________
___________
过去分词
__________________________
注意:非谓语动词的否定,not应放在非谓语动词之前。
(1)to
do
不定式
1、Volunteering
gives
you
a
chance
_________??(change)
lives,
including
your
own.
2、The
meeting
_________
(hold)next
week
is
very
important
for
the
volunteers.

to
do
不定式在句子中通常表示_________(含义)和_________(时态)
(2)现在分词
(doing)
1.
He
had
a
wonderful
childhood,_________(travel)
with
his
mother
to
all
corners
of
the
world.
2.?________
(look)
at
my
classmates’
faces,
I
read
the
same
excitement
in
their
eyes.

现在分词doing
在句子中通常表示_________(含义)和_________(时态)
(3)过去分词
(done)
1.
A
great
number
of
students_________(question)
said
they
were
forced
to
practise
the
piano.?
??
2.?Mrs.White
showed
her
students
some
old
maps?__________(borrow)
from
the
library.

过去分词done在句子中通常表示_________(含义)和_________(时态)
注意
1、有些动词后跟动词不定式作宾语补足语,必须省去to,即
v+sb.
/sth.

do...,表示这个动作的全过程。还可以接doing表示正在进行的动作,即v
+
sb.
/sth.

doing...。这样的动词有:五看—
see,watch,look
at,notice,observe;二听—hear,listen
to;一感觉—
feel;
当这些动词变成被动的时候,则需要还原不定式符号to。
eg:I
saw
a
girl
feed
the
bird.
The
bird
was
seen
to
fed
by
a
girl.
2、介词后常常接动名词形式作宾语,但介词but/except后接不定式作宾语,且前有实义动词do时,不定式就要省略to。
3、有些动词后只能接不定式。如:refuse,want,wish,offer,long,fail,happen,expect,ask,decide,determine,manage,afford,pretend等
4、有些动词后只能接doing。如:mind,miss,enjoy,give
up,imagine,include,deny,delay,consider,advise,appreciate,finish,escape,excuse,practise,suggest
5、既可接不定式也可接动名词作宾语的动词,但两者意思不同。
mean
_____________
forget
_____________
_____________
_____________
remember
_____________
regret
_____________
_____________
_____________
try
_____________
go
on
_____________
_____________
_____________
stop
_____________
can’t
help
_____________
_____________
_____________
6、单个现在分词形式作定语时放在名词之前,分词短语作定语时要放在名词之后。
eg:The
sleeping
man
is
Tom's
father.
The
man
sleeping
there
is
Tom's
father.
四、真题演练
(2020
全国二卷)They
represent
the
earth
63.
(come)
back
to
life
and
best
wishes
for
new
beginnings.
句中________(有\无)谓语动词,所以空格出应填入________________(谓语动词\非谓语动词)。给出动词come的逻辑主语为___________,他们为___________,故填______________。
(2020
全国二卷)They
make
great
gifts
and
you
see
them
many
times
65.
(decorate)with
red
envelopes
and
messages
of
good
fortune.
句中_____(有\无)谓语动词,所以空格出应填入____________(谓语动词\非谓语动词)。给出动词decorate的逻辑主语为___________,他们为___________,故填______________。
(2020
全国二卷)They
are
easy
68.
(care)for
and
make
great
presents.
句中________(有\无)谓语动词,所以空格出应填入________________(谓语动词\非谓语动词)。给出动词care的逻辑主语为___________,他们为___________,空前出现be+adj.形式,其后加to
do不定式形式,故填_________。
五、总结
解答非谓语动词需要掌握三种能力:
1.辨别“谓与非谓”的能力。
2.寻找非谓语动词逻辑主语的能力。
3.分析“时态”和“语态”的能力。
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2

(共
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
非谓语动词学案
概述
谓语:说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。它有人称、数、时态和语态的变化。
e.g.
He
works.
/
He
takes
care
of
the
baby.
----
单谓语或动词短语
He
will
go
to
Shanghai.
/
He
didn’t
go
to
Shanghai.
--情态动词/助动词+
v.
You
are
students.
/
You
look
smart.
----系动词+表语
非谓语:无人称,数的变化,不单独作谓语,但保留动词特点,可以有宾语或状语。
e.g.
He
wants
to
work
here.
He
found
the
book
interesting.
She
had
water
delivered
to
her
house.
解题三步走
1、判断“谓”与“非谓”
句子按结构分为三类,即简单句、并列句和复合句。并列句和复合句都需要连词来引导,当句子中已出现谓语动词时,如果两个句子用连词进行连接,应选谓语动词形式;如果两个结构中未出现连词,则考虑用非谓语动词。
①学会判断何时使用非谓语动词
(1)The
girl
___________
(dance)
in
the
classroom
now.
句中

(有\无)谓语动词,所以空格出应填入
谓语动词
(谓语动词\非谓语动词)。
(2)The
girl
_________(dance)
in
the
classroom
and
she
looked
very
beautiful.
句中

(有\无)谓语动词,但是有并列连词
and
连接两个动词,所以空格出应填入
谓语动词
(谓语动词\非谓语动词)。
(3)The
girl
_______
(dance)
in
the
classroom
looks
very
beautiful.
句中

(有\无)谓语动词,并且没有连词,所以空格出应填入
非谓语动词
(谓语动词\非谓语动词)。
(4)The
girl
who
_______
(dance)
in
the
classroom
looks
very
beautiful.
句中

(有\无)谓语动词,但是有从属连词
who
引导定语从句,所以空格出应填入
非谓语动词
(谓语动词\非谓语动词)。
总结:
一个句子当中,已经存在一个谓语动词,又没有连词的情况下,
还有别的动词出现时,这些动词就应使用非谓语动词形式.
2.确定与逻辑主语之间的关系
确定使用非谓语动词之后,就要找到其逻辑主语。非谓语动词虽不能作谓语,但仍具有动词的特点,其逻辑上的动作执行者就叫做逻辑主语。找不到其逻辑主语时,整个句子或所在句的主语就是非谓语动词的逻辑主语。正确判断非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间的关系是正确选择非谓语动词形式的保证,不管是作什么成分的非谓语动词都体现以下特点:(1)如果非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系,可用现在分词;
(2)如果非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系,可用过去分词。
2、学会判断主被动
(1)?__________(encourage)
by
the
advances
in
technology,
many
farmers
have
set
up
wind
farms
on
their
land.
句中

(有\无)谓语动词,所以空格出应填入
非谓语动词
(谓语动词\非谓语动词)。
(2)?__________?(approach)
the
city
center,
we
saw
a
stone
statue
of
about
10
meters
in
height.
句中

(有\无)谓语动词,所以空格出应填入
非谓语动词
(谓语动词\非谓语动词)。
3.选择正确的非谓语动词形式
非谓语动词具备动词的一些特点,也可以有动作发生的时间。对于谓语动词,我们用时态来表示动作发生的时间;对于非谓语动词不能用时态来表示动作发生的时间。非谓语动词所表示的时间是一个相对时间,即相对于谓语动词的时间而言。同时也需要了解非谓语动词的不同形式所指时间的含义。如to
have
done,having
done表示该动作在谓语动作之前发生;to
be
doing,doing强调与谓语动词的动作同时发生。
非谓语动词的形式:
to
do
不定式
2)
v-ing
①as
a
noun动名词;
②as
adj.
or
adv.
现在分词
3)
v-ed
过去分词
非谓语动词的时态
主动形式
被动形式
动词不定式
一般式
to
do
to
be
done
进行式
to
be
doing
\
完成式
to
have
done
to
have
been
done
动词-ing
形式
一般式
doing
being
done
完成式
having
done
having
been
done
过去分词
done
注意:非谓语动词的否定,not应放在非谓语动词之前。
(1)to
do
不定式
1、Volunteering
gives
you
a
chance
to
change??
(change)
lives,
including
your
own.
2、The
meeting
to
be
held
(hold)next
week
is
very
important
for
the
volunteers.

to
do
不定式在句子中通常表示
目的(含义)和
将来
(时态)
(2)现在分词
(doing)
1.
He
had
a
wonderful
childhood,
travelling
(travel)
with
his
mother
to
all
corners
of
the
world.
2.
Looking
(look)
at
my
classmates’
faces,
I
read
the
same
excitement
in
their
eyes.

现在分词doing
在句子中通常表示
主动
(含义)和
进行
(时态)
(3)过去分词
(done)
1.
A
great
number
of
students
questioned
(question)
said
they
were
forced
to
practise
the
piano.?
??
2.?Mrs.White
showed
her
students
some
old
maps?
borrowed
(borrow)
from
the
library.

过去分词done在句子中通常表示
被动
(含义)和
完成
(时态)
注意
1、有些动词后跟动词不定式作宾语补足语,必须省去to,即
v+sb.
/sth.

do...,表示这个动作的全过程。还可以接doing表示正在进行的动作,即v
+
sb.
/sth.

doing...。这样的动词有:五看—
see,watch,look
at,notice,observe;二听—hear,listen
to;一感觉—
feel;
当这些动词变成被动的时候,则需要还原不定式符号to。
eg:I
saw
a
girl
feed
the
bird.
The
bird
was
seen
to
fed
by
a
girl.
2、介词后常常接动名词形式作宾语,但介词but/except后接不定式作宾语,且前有实义动词do时,不定式就要省略to。
3、有些动词后只能接不定式。如:refuse,want,wish,offer,long,fail,happen,expect,ask,decide,determine,manage,afford,pretend等
4、有些动词后只能接doing。如:mind,miss,enjoy,give
up,imagine,include,deny,delay,consider,advise,appreciate,finish,escape,excuse,practise,suggest
5、既可接不定式也可接动名词作宾语的动词,但两者意思不同。
mean
to
do
sth.
打算(想要)做某事
forget
to
do
sth.
忘记去做某事
doing
sth.
意味着(要)做某事
doing
sth.
忘记做过某事
remember
to
do
sth.
记得去做某事
regret
to
do
sth.
对即将做的事表示遗憾
doing
sth.
记得做过某事
doing
sth.
对做过的事表示后悔
try
to
do
sth.
设法做某事
go
on
to
do
sth.
继续做另一件事
doing
sth.
试着做某事
doing
sth.
继续做原来做的事
stop
doing
sth.
停止做某事
can’t
help
doing
sth.
禁不住去做某事
to
do
sth.
停下正在做的事去做另一事
(to)
do
sth.
不能帮助做某事
6、单个现在分词形式作定语时放在名词之前,分词短语作定语时要放在名词之后。
eg:The
sleeping
man
is
Tom's
father.
The
man
sleeping
there
is
Tom's
father.
四、真题演练
(2020
全国二卷)They
represent
the
earth
63.
(come)
back
to
life
and
best
wishes
for
new
beginnings.
句中

(有\无)谓语动词,所以空格出应填入
非谓语动词
(谓语动词\非谓语动词)。给出动词come的逻辑主语为
the
earth
,他们为
主动关系
,故填
coming

(2020
全国二卷)They
make
great
gifts
and
you
see
them
many
times
65.
________(decorate)with
red
envelopes
and
messages
of
good
fortune.
句中

(有\无)谓语动词,所以空格出应填入
非谓语动词
(谓语动词\非谓语动词)。给出动词decorate的逻辑主语为
great
gifts
,他们为
被动关系
,故填decorated。
(2020
全国二卷)They
are
easy
68._________(care)for
and
make
great
presents.
句中

(有\无)谓语动词,所以空格出应填入
非谓语动词
(谓语动词\非谓语动词)。给出动词care的逻辑主语为
they
,他们为
主动关系
,空前出现be+adj.形式,其后加to
do不定式形式,故填
to
care

五、总结
解答非谓语动词需要掌握三种能力:
1.辨别“谓与非谓”的能力。
2.寻找非谓语动词逻辑主语的能力。
3.分析“时态”和“语态”的能力。
21世纪教育网
www.21cnjy.com
精品试卷·第
2

(共
2
页)
HYPERLINK
"http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
"
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
非谓语动词练习
解析版
(2020·全国新课标I改错)
My
mom
told
me
how
to
preparing
it.
【答案】preparing改为prepare
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:我妈妈告诉我如何准备这道菜。分析句子可知,“how+不定式”作told的宾语,to是不定式符号,后应接动词原形,故将preparing改为prepare。
(2020·全国新课标I改错)
I
like
eating
frying
tomatoes
with
eggs,
and
I
thought
it...
【答案】将frying改为fried
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:我喜欢吃西红柿炒鸡蛋。动词fry与tomatoes之间是动宾关系,所以此处应用过去分词作定语,故将frying改为fried。
(2020·全国新课标I)
Chinese
researchers
hope
to
use
the
instruments
on
board
Chang’e-4
_____
(find)
and
study
areas
of
the
South
Pole-Aitken
basin.
【答案】to
find
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:中国的研究者希望使用嫦娥四号上的设备来发现和研究南极艾特肯盆地。此处表示目的,应使用不定式作目的状语。故填to
find。
(2020·江苏省高考真题)Technological
innovations,
____
good
marketing,
will
promote
the
sales
of
these
bined
with
B.combining
with
C.having
combined
with
D.to
be
combined
with
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:技术创新与良好的市场营销相结合,将促进这些产品的销售。此处是短语:be
combined
with“与……结合/联合”,本句中省略be动词,使用过去分词做状语。故选A。
5.(2020·天津高考真题)______
us
prepare
for
the
exam,
the
teacher
suggested
reading
through
our
notes.
A.To
help
B.helped
C.helping
D.Being
helped
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:为了帮助我们准备考试,老师建议通读我们的笔记。分析句子结构可知,老师建议我们诵读笔记是”为了“帮助我们准备考试。故表目的,应用动词不定式。故选A。
6.(2020·天津高考真题)The
dancer’s
incredible
performance
had
the
audience
on
its
feet
______
for
10
minutes
at
the
end
of
the
show.
A.being
clapped
B.clap
C.clapped
D.clapping
【答案】D
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:舞蹈演员令人难以置信的表演使观众站起来鼓掌达十分钟之久。该题中,have表示“使……处于……状态”。______
for
10
minutes作伴随状语,其逻辑主语the
audience和clap之间是主动关系,故用现在分词。故选D。
7.(2020·天津高考真题)The
local
government
doesn't
have
to
sacrifice
environmental
protection
____________
economic
growth.
A.to
be
promoted
B.being
promoted
C.promoting
D.to
promote
【答案】D
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:地方政府不必为了促进经济增长而牺牲环境保护。通过分析句子成分并翻译语境可知,句中存在谓语doesn't
have
to
sacrifice,空中需使用非谓语动词且表示目的性关系,因此使用动词不定式形式。故选D项。
8.(2020·天津高考真题)___________in
1931,
the
Empire
State
Building,
the
highest
skyscraper
until
1954,
inspired
the
imagination
of
the
world.
A.Having
completed
B.Being
completed
C.Completed
D.Completing
【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:1931年完工的帝国大厦是1954年之前最高的摩天大楼,它激发了全世界的想象力。句中谓语动词是inspired,此处用非谓语动词。主语the?Empire?State?Building和动词complete是被动关系,用过去分词作状语。A项是现在分词的完成式,不表被动。B项是doing的被动式。故选C。
(2019全国I卷)Modem
methods
of
tracking
polar
bear
populations
have
been
employed
only
since
the
mid-1980s,
and
are
expensive
______
(perform)
consistently
over
a
large
area.
【答案】to
perform
【解析】考查非谓语动词。主系表结构之后,常用不定式作原因或目的状语,句意:跟踪北极熊的现代方法只是在二十世纪八十年代以来开始采用,并且在如此大区域内持续采用是昂贵的,故此处用to
perform。
(2019全国I卷)Scientists
have
responded
by
_____
(note)
that
hungry
bears
may
be
congregating(聚集)
around
human
settlements,
leading
to
the
illusion(错觉)
that
populations
are
higher
than
they
actually
are.
【答案】noting
【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词by可知,此处用动名词主动形式,故填noting。
11.(2019全国II卷)A
90-year-old
has
been
awarded
“Woman
Of
The
Year”
for
______
(be)Britain's
oldest
full-time
employee-still
working
40
hours
a
week.
【答案】being
【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词for可知,此处用动名词形式作宾语,故填being。
12.
(2019·北京卷)Nervously
_____
(face)
challenges,
I
know
I
will
whisper
to
myself
the
two
simple
words
“Be
yourself”.
【答案】facing
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:紧张地面对挑战,我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字“做你自己”。分析句式可知,此处是做句子的状语,要用非谓语动词,其逻辑主语是I,与逻辑主语之间是主动关系,用现在分词作状语。故填facing。
13.(2019全国II卷)When
we
got
a
call
______
(say)she
was
short-listed,we
thought
it
was
a
joke.
【答案】saying
【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其后所接的宾语从句可知,此处用现在分词形式saying作后置定语,解释名词call的内容,call与say是主动关系,故填saying。
14.(2019全国III卷)On
our
way
to
the
house,it
was
raining
so
hard
that
we
couldn't
help
wondering
how
long
it
would
take
_____
(get)there.
【答案】to
get
【解析】考查不定式。句中的would提示我们作者还没有到达那座房子,wondering后的句子不缺谓语,此处应填非谓语动词,故填to
get。
15.(2019全国III卷)On
the
last
day
of
our
week-long
stay,we
were
invited
to
attend
a
private
concert
on
a
beautiful
farm
on
the
North
Shore
under
the
stars,_____
(listen)to
musicians
and
meeting
interesting
locals.
【答案】listening
【解析】考查分词。本句谓语动词为“were
invited”,所以70题空格处动词listen应用非谓语动词形式。听音乐这个动作是由we发出的,所以选用现在分词形式。也可由and前后连接两个并列的结构这一规律解题,and后meeting
interesting
locals为分词形式,故空格处填listening。
16.(2019浙江高考)When
the
children
are
walking
or
______
(cycle)
to
school
on
dark
mornings,
car
drivers
can
easily
see
them.
【答案】cycling
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:当孩子们在黑暗的早晨步行或骑车上学时,汽车司机很容易看到它们。or连接两个并列成分,根据or前的walking可知,此处要用cycling。故填cycling。
17.(2019浙江高考)But
some
students
didn't
want
______
(wear)
the
uniform.
【答案】to
wear
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:但是,有一些学生不想穿学生服。want
to
do
sth想要做某事,这是want的固定用法。故填to
wear。
18.(2019·江苏省高考真题)China’s
image
is
improving
steadily,
with
more
countries
________
its
role
in
international
affairs.
A.recognizing
B.being
recognized
C.to
be
recognized
D.recognized
【答案】A
【解析】考查with复合结构。句意:中国的形象正在稳步提升,更多的国家认识到中国在国际事务中的作用。“更多的国家”和“认识”之间是主动关系,用现在分词,故选A。
19.(2019·天津高考真题)Most
colleges
now
offer
first-year
students
a
course
specially
________
to
help
them
succeed
academically
and
personally.
A.designed
B.designing
C.to
design
D.being
designed
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:现在大多数大学都为一年级学生开设了一门课程,专门帮助他们在学业和个人方面取得成功。a
course和design之间是被动关系,所以用过去分词。故选A。
20.
(2018·全国I)You
don't
have
to
run
fast
or
for
long______(see)the
benefit.
You
may
drink,
smoke,
be
overweight
and
still
reduce
your
risk
of
_________
(die)
early
by
running.
【答案1】to
see【解析】考查不定式作目的状语。你不必跑地太快或时间太长就能看到它的好处。此处不定式作目的状语,故填to
see。
【答案2】dying【解析】考查动名词。你也许喝酒、吸烟或超重,但仍然通过跑步会减少早亡的风险。此处of是介词,其后用动名词。故填dying。
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