Unit 1 Asia 语法详解讲义（含答案）
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教师辅导教案
学员编号： 年 级：九年级 课 时 数：3
学员姓名： 辅导科目：英语 学科教师：
课程主题： 9BU1语法详解
授课时间：
学习目标
1.能掌握it作为代词、非人称代词、形式主语和形式宾语的基本用法。
2.能熟练使用it作为代词、非人称代词、形式主语和形式宾语造句，谈论某一话题。
3.能熟练使用it作为代词、非人称代词、形式主语和形式宾语进行书面表达和口头交流。
教学内容
回顾：9BU1词汇句型
知识精讲：
知识点一 语法详解
【知识梳理】
人称代词it
1.1. it的最基本用法是作人称代词，主要指刚提到的事物，以避免重复:
Ningbo is a beautiful city, isn’t it?
1.2. 也可以指动物或婴儿(未知性别的婴儿或孩子):
Is this your dog？No, it isn’t.
1.3. 也可指抽象事物:
It was a great surprise to me when he did a thing like that．
非人称代词it
it有时并不指具体的东西，而泛指天气、时间、环境等，称为非人称的it：
2.1.指天气：
It is a lovely day, isn’t it?
It is a bit windy.
2.2.指时间:
It was nearly midnight when she came back.
2.3.指环境:
It was very quiet in the café.
引导词it
1. It is + 被强调部分 + that ...
使用该句型有以下几点请注意：
① 强调句的谓语is或was永远用单数.
It was yesterday that I met your father in the street．
②不管被强调部分是哪种状语，只能用that连接，不得使用where、when等连词.
It was in the street that I met your father yesterday．
③被强调部分为人时，可用who(主格或宾格)和whom(宾格)代替that，用that也行。
It was your father that/whom /who I met in the street yesterday．
It was I that/who met your father in the street yesterday．
④强调句中 也要注意主谓一致、人称一致和否定转移的问题。
It is they who are our friends．
It was not until ten o'clock that we got home last night．
⑤注意不要混淆强调句和其他从句。It is was…that…为强调句标志，去掉后仍可组成一个完整的句子，只是没被强调,而其他从句一般不具备这一特征。
比较：
1) It was ten o'clock when we got home last night．我们昨晚到家时已十点了。
2) It was at ten o'clock that we got home last night．我们昨晚是在十点到家的。
作形式主语替代不定式
1). It takes sb. ... to do sth. ＂做．．．要花费某人．．＂
It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall.
2). It is kind ( of sb. ) to do sth.
主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的形容词。 常见的有： bad ， brave ， careless， clever ， cruel ， foolish ，stupid ， wise wrong等。
这个句型可以改写为：sb. is kind to do sth. 。
It is kind of you to say so.
= You are kind to say so.
3). It is necessary ( for sb. ) to do sth.
常见的形容词有：① important， necessary， natural ② easy ， safe ，common ，normal ，hard ， difficult ,dangerous ， 等。 在①中的形容词作表语可以用从句改写， 如：
It is important for her to come to the party.
= It is important that she (should ) come to the party.
特殊句式
It is +v-ed +that 从句
It is said (reported， learned....) that ...
据说（据报道，据悉．．．）“。
It is said that he has come to Beijing.
It happens (seems， looks， appears ) that...
该句型中it是形式主语，that 引导的是主语从句，主句中的happen ， seem等词是不及物动词。
It happened ( so happened ) that he met his teacher in the street. 碰巧．．.
It seems that he will be back in a few days. 看来．．．
It 作形式宾语.
We think it important to learn a foreign language.
该句型中的it 作形式宾语，为了记忆方便我们可称该句型为"6123结构"。
6指主句中常用的动词：think,believe,make,find,consider,feel；
1指的是形式宾语it；
2指的是宾补的两种形式：形容词或名词；
3指的是真正宾语的三种形式：不定式短语，动名词短语或that引导的宾语从句。
We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day.
He felt it important learning English well.
They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days.
It的一些习惯用法
How is it with sth? …好吗？
That’s it . 这就对了。
Make it. 成功做到。
Got it. 明白了。
fight it out. 坚持到底。
can’t help it. 没有办法。
【例题精讲】
it, that, this, one(s), the one(s) or those
1. There’s no more than one vase here. Do you want to buy _____?
2. We have more than a pen in our shop. Do you want _____?
3. The cost of renting a house in central Xi’an is higher than ____ in any other area of the city?(10陕)
4. There is a river along the village. __ is a river with a long history.
5. This pen is mine and______________ on the desk is Tom's.
6. My mother bought me a new dictionary and her mother will buy her _____ too.
7. Bikes made in Shanghai are better than _____ made in Changsha.
8. The students in my class are stronger than _____________ in Class 1.
【课堂练习】
It 作为人称代词家族里的普通一员，可以特指上文中的“人、事、物”,俗谓特指“同人同事同物”；而that, those, the one(s) 则特指上文里“人、事、物”的同类；one(s)泛指上文里的同类“人、事、物”。
1. If I can help ___, I don’t like working late into night.
2. – When shall we meet?
-- Let’s make _____ at 8 p.m..
3. Just as Prof. Scotti often _____ it, success is 99℅mental attitude.
4.– Remember to pick up your sister back home.
-- I have _____ it. You can depend on me.
it作为形式主语的用法
观察下面例句，然后补全结论部分所缺的内容。
1.It is tiring for Eddie to go climbing with him.
2.It is generous of him to share his candies with us.
【结论】
句型：It is + 形容词 +（of/for sb.）+ to do …
3.It is said that people born in the Year of the Tiger are brave.
【结论】句型： It is said/reported+ that从句 …
4.It takes us half an hour to get there by bus.
【结论】句型： It takes sb. sometime to do …
1. It is necessary that he should tell his father everything. .(同义句)
_______ necessary _______ him ______ tell his father everything.
2. kitty is generous enough to share her things with her friends. (同义句)
_______ generous ________ kitty _______ share her things with her friends.
3. Yesterday I spent one and a half hours finish my homework.(同义句)
Yesterday ___________________ me one and a half hours ______________ my homework.
知识点二 阅读训练
【例题精讲】
例1.
Venice is known as a beautiful 1 city in the north-east of Italy which is famous for its canals. A canal is a man-made river. In fact, the city is mainly made up of both large and small canals with very 2 streets. The canals make Venice 3 as if it were floating on water. 4 many of the beautiful old buildings look exactly the same as they did in the past. The old building in Venice 5 people all over the world. Many people also love the peacefulness of the water. However, this peacefulness is sometimes hard to find when the city is almost always full of 6 . The city is busiest in spring and late summer, and also around Christmas and New Year. During these times of year, it will be very difficult to find a place to 7 . Many people say that Venice is most 8 in June, July and August because of the unbearable(难以忍受的) crowds and very hot weather. The best time to visit it is in May, 9 seeing Venice covered in snow in December can also be an 10 sight.
( ) 1. A. mountain B. water C. fog D. forest
( ) 2. A. long B. short C. wide D. thin
( ) 3. A. appear B. sound C. become D. change
( ) 4. A. Interestingly B. However C. Indeed D. Although
( ) 5. A. surprise B. frighten C. stop D. attract
( ) 6. A. boats B. tourists C. rivers D. cars
( ) 7. A. shop B. stay C. eat D. see
( ) 8. A. pleasant B. unpleasant C. interesting D. uninteresting
( ) 9. A. though B. since C. because D. so
( )10. A. interesting B. interested C. amazing D. amazed
例2.
Joanne had planned to leave work early this afternoon，at three o’clock. But when she
finally came out of her office, all the other conductors(售票员) had already left. Now she was caught in a heavy traffic in central Birmingham at 5:30, and at 6:30 she was expected to be at a meeting.
At last she arrived at her home. As she opened the door, she noticed something unusual about Sheba，a large dog. She could see easily Sheba was feeling bad and could hardly breathe. .Joanne knew she would have to take her to the vet at once.
“It looks like something is stuck in her throat(喉咙)，” said Dr. Sterne，“It shouldn't
take me too long to get it out. "
Being in a hurry, Joanne left the doctor with the dog and rushed back home. As she was once again entered the house, the phone rang. Dr. Sterne's loud and worried voice was heard, "I want you to get right out of your house at once. The police will be there any time now. Wait outside for us. ” Joanne was surprised and frightened. She quickly ran into the street.
At that moment, a police car stopped outside the house. Two policemen got out and ran into the house through the still open door. Then the doctor arrived. Just then, the two policemen came out of the house, half-carrying a white-faced man，who, it seemed, could hardly walk. There was blood all over him.
“I think he must be a thief，” said the doctor. “I knew he was there because when I finally cleared what was in Sheba’s throat, and found it was three human fingers.”
( ) 1. Where does Joanne probably work?
A. At a bus or train station. B. In an animal hospital
C. In a police station. D. It isn’t mentioned.
( ) 2. When Joanne arrived home, she found that __________.
A. the door was open B. something was wrong with the dog
C. the dog couldn’t walk D. there was something in the dog’s throat
( ) 3. Why did the doctor ask her to get out of the house?
A. Because he wanted to meet her outside.
B. Because a thief would break into her house.
C. Because the police were coming to her house.
D. He thought there was a thief in her house.
( ) 4. The thief looked very sick because ___________.
A. the dog had hurt him badly B. he was caught by the police
C. he caught a disease from the dog D. he didn’t find anything worthy to steal
( ) 5. Which of the following do you think is NOT right according to the passage?
A. The police arrived soon after the vet called them.
B. Joanne didn’t know there was a thief in her house.
C. It took Joanne over three hours to drive home from work
D. The doctor was not only a good vet but also a clever man.
知识点三 话题作文
【例题精讲】
根据以下提示，写一篇短文，介绍你眼中的印度，字数90左右。
1．印度历史悠久，位于中国西南面，人口超过十亿。
2．印度人主要讲印地语，英语是其第二语言，大米和小麦是主要粮食。
3．印度有庞大的钢铁产业，且因其信息技术产业闻名于世。
4.印度有很多节日和集市。你可以了解到印度文化，还有很多著名的景点。如果你去印度旅游，我建议……（至少两句话）
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【课堂练习】
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
课后作业
根据句意、首字母或中文提示，完成下列句子
1．The Great Wall is______(令人惊叹的)．
2．The Leaning Tower of Pisa is one of the______ (奇迹)of the world．
3．Guilin______ (位于)on the two sides of the River Li．
4．You will be_____(吸引)by the beautiful design of the buildings．
5．Every Monday morning，we watch the______ (升起)of the national flag．
6．______ (除非)it rains tomorrow，1 will go to the park．
7．Our English teacher has over twenty years’teaching______ (经验)．
8．It’s an important______ (指南)to the study of science．
9．Come and see the beautiful s______in my home town．
10．Why did so many people g______ (聚集)there?
l1．1 decided to h______a car for three days for my holiday．
12．They got up early to watch the s______．
13．All the f______m his house is new．
14．There was snow on the hill tops，but not in the v______．
15．Our English teacher is ill at home．Mr Wu teaches us i______．
完成句子
1、这个湖占了这个区域的四分之三。
This lake _______________________________________the area.
2、这家饭店给旅客提供了高水准的服务。
This hotel __________________________________ the visitor.
3、据报道，到2016年，印度的人口将超过中国。
It’s reported that ________________________________that of China by 2016.
4、我认为污染没有我所想象的严重。
I don’t think the pollution ____________________________________.
5、我们明天动身前往韩国，将在那儿逗留三天。
We __________________ South Korea tomorrow. We will stay three for three days.
6、中国是他们参观过的第一个亚洲国家。
China is _________________________________________.
教师辅导教案
学员编号： 年 级：九年级 课 时 数：3
学员姓名： 辅导科目：英语 学科教师：
课程主题： 9BU1语法详解
授课时间：
学习目标
1.能掌握it作为代词、非人称代词、形式主语和形式宾语的基本用法。
2.能熟练使用it作为代词、非人称代词、形式主语和形式宾语造句，谈论某一话题。
3.能熟练使用it作为代词、非人称代词、形式主语和形式宾语进行书面表达和口头交流。
教学内容
回顾：9BU1词汇句型
知识精讲：
知识点一 语法详解
【知识梳理】
人称代词it
1.1. it的最基本用法是作人称代词，主要指刚提到的事物，以避免重复:
Ningbo is a beautiful city, isn’t it?
1.2. 也可以指动物或婴儿(未知性别的婴儿或孩子):
Is this your dog？No, it isn’t.
1.3. 也可指抽象事物:
It was a great surprise to me when he did a thing like that．
非人称代词it
it有时并不指具体的东西，而泛指天气、时间、环境等，称为非人称的it：
2.1.指天气：
It is a lovely day, isn’t it?
It is a bit windy.
2.2.指时间:
It was nearly midnight when she came back.
2.3.指环境:
It was very quiet in the café.
引导词it
1. It is + 被强调部分 + that ...
使用该句型有以下几点请注意：
① 强调句的谓语is或was永远用单数.
It was yesterday that I met your father in the street．
②不管被强调部分是哪种状语，只能用that连接，不得使用where、when等连词.
It was in the street that I met your father yesterday．
③被强调部分为人时，可用who(主格或宾格)和whom(宾格)代替that，用that也行。
It was your father that/whom /who I met in the street yesterday．
It was I that/who met your father in the street yesterday．
④强调句中 也要注意主谓一致、人称一致和否定转移的问题。
It is they who are our friends．
It was not until ten o'clock that we got home last night．
⑤注意不要混淆强调句和其他从句。It is was…that…为强调句标志，去掉后仍可组成一个完整的句子，只是没被强调,而其他从句一般不具备这一特征。
比较：
1) It was ten o'clock when we got home last night．我们昨晚到家时已十点了。
2) It was at ten o'clock that we got home last night．我们昨晚是在十点到家的。
作形式主语替代不定式
1). It takes sb. ... to do sth. ＂做．．．要花费某人．．＂
It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall.
2). It is kind ( of sb. ) to do sth.
主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的形容词。 常见的有： bad ， brave ， careless， clever ， cruel ， foolish ，stupid ， wise wrong等。
这个句型可以改写为：sb. is kind to do sth. 。
It is kind of you to say so.
= You are kind to say so.
3). It is necessary ( for sb. ) to do sth.
常见的形容词有：① important， necessary， natural ② easy ， safe ，common ，normal ，hard ， difficult ,dangerous ， 等。 在①中的形容词作表语可以用从句改写， 如：
It is important for her to come to the party.
= It is important that she (should ) come to the party.
特殊句式
It is +v-ed +that 从句
It is said (reported， learned....) that ...
据说（据报道，据悉．．．）“。
It is said that he has come to Beijing.
It happens (seems， looks， appears ) that...
该句型中it是形式主语，that 引导的是主语从句，主句中的happen ， seem等词是不及物动词。
It happened ( so happened ) that he met his teacher in the street. 碰巧．．.
It seems that he will be back in a few days. 看来．．．
It 作形式宾语.
We think it important to learn a foreign language.
该句型中的it 作形式宾语，为了记忆方便我们可称该句型为"6123结构"。
6指主句中常用的动词：think,believe,make,find,consider,feel；
1指的是形式宾语it；
2指的是宾补的两种形式：形容词或名词；
3指的是真正宾语的三种形式：不定式短语，动名词短语或that引导的宾语从句。
We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day.
He felt it important learning English well.
They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days.
It的一些习惯用法
How is it with sth? …好吗？
That’s it . 这就对了。
Make it. 成功做到。
Got it. 明白了。
fight it out. 坚持到底。
can’t help it. 没有办法。
【例题精讲】
it, that, this, one(s), the one(s) or those
1. There’s no more than one vase here. Do you want to buy _____?It同物，特指
2. We have more than a pen in our shop. Do you want _____?; one其中之一，泛指;
3. The cost of renting a house in central Xi’an is higher than ____ in any other area of the city?(10陕)t hat同类异物，特指;
4. There is a river along the village. __ is a river with a long history.It
5. This pen is mine and______________ on the desk is Tom's. that/the one
6. My mother bought me a new dictionary and her mother will buy her _____ too. one
7. Bikes made in Shanghai are better than _____ made in Changsha. ones
8. The students in my class are stronger than _____________ in Class 1.those/ the ones
【课堂练习】
It 作为人称代词家族里的普通一员，可以特指上文中的“人、事、物”,俗谓特指“同人同事同物”；而that, those, the one(s) 则特指上文里“人、事、物”的同类；one(s)泛指上文里的同类“人、事、物”。
1. If I can help ___, I don’t like working late into night. it
2. – When shall we meet?
-- Let’s make _____ at 8 p.m..it
3. Just as Prof. Scotti often _____ it, success is 99℅mental attitude.puts
4.– Remember to pick up your sister back home.
-- I have _____ it. You can depend on me.got
it作为形式主语的用法
观察下面例句，然后补全结论部分所缺的内容。
1.It is tiring for Eddie to go climbing with him.
2.It is generous of him to share his candies with us.
【结论】
句型：It is + 形容词 +（of/for sb.）+ to do …
3.It is said that people born in the Year of the Tiger are brave.
【结论】句型： It is said/reported+ that从句 …
4.It takes us half an hour to get there by bus.
【结论】句型： It takes sb. sometime to do …
1. It is necessary that he should tell his father everything. .(同义句)
_______ necessary _______ him ______ tell his father everything.
2. kitty is generous enough to share her things with her friends. (同义句)
_______ generous ________ kitty _______ share her things with her friends.
3. Yesterday I spent one and a half hours finish my homework.(同义句)
Yesterday ___________________ me one and a half hours ______________ my homework.
知识点二 阅读训练
【例题精讲】
例1.
Venice is known as a beautiful 1 city in the north-east of Italy which is famous for its canals. A canal is a man-made river. In fact, the city is mainly made up of both large and small canals with very 2 streets. The canals make Venice 3 as if it were floating on water. 4 many of the beautiful old buildings look exactly the same as they did in the past. The old building in Venice 5 people all over the world. Many people also love the peacefulness of the water. However, this peacefulness is sometimes hard to find when the city is almost always full of 6 . The city is busiest in spring and late summer, and also around Christmas and New Year. During these times of year, it will be very difficult to find a place to 7 . Many people say that Venice is most 8 in June, July and August because of the unbearable(难以忍受的) crowds and very hot weather. The best time to visit it is in May, 9 seeing Venice covered in snow in December can also be an 10 sight.
( ) 1. A. mountain B. water C. fog D. forest
( ) 2. A. long B. short C. wide D. thin
( ) 3. A. appear B. sound C. become D. change
( ) 4. A. Interestingly B. However C. Indeed D. Although
( ) 5. A. surprise B. frighten C. stop D. attract
( ) 6. A. boats B. tourists C. rivers D. cars
( ) 7. A. shop B. stay C. eat D. see
( ) 8. A. pleasant B. unpleasant C. interesting D. uninteresting
( ) 9. A. though B. since C. because D. so
( )10. A. interesting B. interested C. amazing D. amazed
1-5BDACD 6-10BBBAC
例2.
Joanne had planned to leave work early this afternoon，at three o’clock. But when she
finally came out of her office, all the other conductors(售票员) had already left. Now she was caught in a heavy traffic in central Birmingham at 5:30, and at 6:30 she was expected to be at a meeting.
At last she arrived at her home. As she opened the door, she noticed something unusual about Sheba，a large dog. She could see easily Sheba was feeling bad and could hardly breathe. .Joanne knew she would have to take her to the vet at once.
“It looks like something is stuck in her throat(喉咙)，” said Dr. Sterne，“It shouldn't
take me too long to get it out. "
Being in a hurry, Joanne left the doctor with the dog and rushed back home. As she was once again entered the house, the phone rang. Dr. Sterne's loud and worried voice was heard, "I want you to get right out of your house at once. The police will be there any time now. Wait outside for us. ” Joanne was surprised and frightened. She quickly ran into the street.
At that moment, a police car stopped outside the house. Two policemen got out and ran into the house through the still open door. Then the doctor arrived. Just then, the two policemen came out of the house, half-carrying a white-faced man，who, it seemed, could hardly walk. There was blood all over him.
“I think he must be a thief，” said the doctor. “I knew he was there because when I finally cleared what was in Sheba’s throat, and found it was three human fingers.”
( ) 1. Where does Joanne probably work?
A. At a bus or train station. B. In an animal hospital
C. In a police station. D. It isn’t mentioned.
( ) 2. When Joanne arrived home, she found that __________.
A. the door was open B. something was wrong with the dog
C. the dog couldn’t walk D. there was something in the dog’s throat
( ) 3. Why did the doctor ask her to get out of the house?
A. Because he wanted to meet her outside.
B. Because a thief would break into her house.
C. Because the police were coming to her house.
D. He thought there was a thief in her house.
( ) 4. The thief looked very sick because ___________.
A. the dog had hurt him badly B. he was caught by the police
C. he caught a disease from the dog D. he didn’t find anything worthy to steal
( ) 5. Which of the following do you think is NOT right according to the passage?
A. The police arrived soon after the vet called them.
B. Joanne didn’t know there was a thief in her house.
C. It took Joanne over three hours to drive home from work
D. The doctor was not only a good vet but also a clever man.
知识点三 话题作文
【例题精讲】
根据以下提示，写一篇短文，介绍你眼中的印度，字数90左右。
1．印度历史悠久，位于中国西南面，人口超过十亿。
2．印度人主要讲印地语，英语是其第二语言，大米和小麦是主要粮食。
3．印度有庞大的钢铁产业，且因其信息技术产业闻名于世。
4.印度有很多节日和集市。你可以了解到印度文化，还有很多著名的景点。如果你去印度旅游，我建议……（至少两句话）
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【课堂练习】
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
课后作业
根据句意、首字母或中文提示，完成下列句子
1．The Great Wall is______(令人惊叹的)．
2．The Leaning Tower of Pisa is one of the______ (奇迹)of the world．
3．Guilin______ (位于)on the two sides of the River Li．
4．You will be_____(吸引)by the beautiful design of the buildings．
5．Every Monday morning，we watch the______ (升起)of the national flag．
6．______ (除非)it rains tomorrow，1 will go to the park．
7．Our English teacher has over twenty years’teaching______ (经验)．
8．It’s an important______ (指南)to the study of science．
9．Come and see the beautiful s______in my home town．
10．Why did so many people g______ (聚集)there?
l1．1 decided to h______a car for three days for my holiday．
12．They got up early to watch the s______．
13．All the f______m his house is new．
14．There was snow on the hill tops，but not in the v______．
15．Our English teacher is ill at home．Mr Wu teaches us i______．
1．amazing 2．wonders 3．1ies 4．attracted 5．raising 6．Unless 7．experience 8．guide 9．sights 10．gather 11．hire 12．sunrise 13．furniture 14．valley 15．instead
完成句子
1、这个湖占了这个区域的四分之三。
This lake _______________________________________the area.
2、这家饭店给旅客提供了高水准的服务。
This hotel __________________________________ the visitor.
3、据报道，到2016年，印度的人口将超过中国。
It’s reported that ________________________________that of China by 2016.
4、我认为污染没有我所想象的严重。
I don’t think the pollution ____________________________________.
5、我们明天动身前往韩国，将在那儿逗留三天。
We __________________ South Korea tomorrow. We will stay three for three days.
6、中国是他们参观过的第一个亚洲国家。
China is _________________________________________.
1. takes up three quarters of
2. provides a high level of
3. the population of India will be larger than
4. is as/so serious as I imagined
5. are leaving/will leave for
6. the first Asian country (that/which) they have visited
学员编号： 年 级：九年级 课 时 数：3
学员姓名： 辅导科目：英语 学科教师：
课程主题： 9BU1语法详解
授课时间：
学习目标
1.能掌握it作为代词、非人称代词、形式主语和形式宾语的基本用法。
2.能熟练使用it作为代词、非人称代词、形式主语和形式宾语造句，谈论某一话题。
3.能熟练使用it作为代词、非人称代词、形式主语和形式宾语进行书面表达和口头交流。
教学内容
回顾：9BU1词汇句型
知识精讲：
知识点一 语法详解
【知识梳理】
人称代词it
1.1. it的最基本用法是作人称代词，主要指刚提到的事物，以避免重复:
Ningbo is a beautiful city, isn’t it?
1.2. 也可以指动物或婴儿(未知性别的婴儿或孩子):
Is this your dog？No, it isn’t.
1.3. 也可指抽象事物:
It was a great surprise to me when he did a thing like that．
非人称代词it
it有时并不指具体的东西，而泛指天气、时间、环境等，称为非人称的it：
2.1.指天气：
It is a lovely day, isn’t it?
It is a bit windy.
2.2.指时间:
It was nearly midnight when she came back.
2.3.指环境:
It was very quiet in the café.
引导词it
1. It is + 被强调部分 + that ...
使用该句型有以下几点请注意：
① 强调句的谓语is或was永远用单数.
It was yesterday that I met your father in the street．
②不管被强调部分是哪种状语，只能用that连接，不得使用where、when等连词.
It was in the street that I met your father yesterday．
③被强调部分为人时，可用who(主格或宾格)和whom(宾格)代替that，用that也行。
It was your father that/whom /who I met in the street yesterday．
It was I that/who met your father in the street yesterday．
④强调句中 也要注意主谓一致、人称一致和否定转移的问题。
It is they who are our friends．
It was not until ten o'clock that we got home last night．
⑤注意不要混淆强调句和其他从句。It is was…that…为强调句标志，去掉后仍可组成一个完整的句子，只是没被强调,而其他从句一般不具备这一特征。
比较：
1) It was ten o'clock when we got home last night．我们昨晚到家时已十点了。
2) It was at ten o'clock that we got home last night．我们昨晚是在十点到家的。
作形式主语替代不定式
1). It takes sb. ... to do sth. ＂做．．．要花费某人．．＂
It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall.
2). It is kind ( of sb. ) to do sth.
主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的形容词。 常见的有： bad ， brave ， careless， clever ， cruel ， foolish ，stupid ， wise wrong等。
这个句型可以改写为：sb. is kind to do sth. 。
It is kind of you to say so.
= You are kind to say so.
3). It is necessary ( for sb. ) to do sth.
常见的形容词有：① important， necessary， natural ② easy ， safe ，common ，normal ，hard ， difficult ,dangerous ， 等。 在①中的形容词作表语可以用从句改写， 如：
It is important for her to come to the party.
= It is important that she (should ) come to the party.
特殊句式
It is +v-ed +that 从句
It is said (reported， learned....) that ...
据说（据报道，据悉．．．）“。
It is said that he has come to Beijing.
It happens (seems， looks， appears ) that...
该句型中it是形式主语，that 引导的是主语从句，主句中的happen ， seem等词是不及物动词。
It happened ( so happened ) that he met his teacher in the street. 碰巧．．.
It seems that he will be back in a few days. 看来．．．
It 作形式宾语.
We think it important to learn a foreign language.
该句型中的it 作形式宾语，为了记忆方便我们可称该句型为"6123结构"。
6指主句中常用的动词：think,believe,make,find,consider,feel；
1指的是形式宾语it；
2指的是宾补的两种形式：形容词或名词；
3指的是真正宾语的三种形式：不定式短语，动名词短语或that引导的宾语从句。
We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day.
He felt it important learning English well.
They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days.
It的一些习惯用法
How is it with sth? …好吗？
That’s it . 这就对了。
Make it. 成功做到。
Got it. 明白了。
fight it out. 坚持到底。
can’t help it. 没有办法。
【例题精讲】
it, that, this, one(s), the one(s) or those
1. There’s no more than one vase here. Do you want to buy _____?
2. We have more than a pen in our shop. Do you want _____?
3. The cost of renting a house in central Xi’an is higher than ____ in any other area of the city?(10陕)
4. There is a river along the village. __ is a river with a long history.
5. This pen is mine and______________ on the desk is Tom's.
6. My mother bought me a new dictionary and her mother will buy her _____ too.
7. Bikes made in Shanghai are better than _____ made in Changsha.
8. The students in my class are stronger than _____________ in Class 1.
【课堂练习】
It 作为人称代词家族里的普通一员，可以特指上文中的“人、事、物”,俗谓特指“同人同事同物”；而that, those, the one(s) 则特指上文里“人、事、物”的同类；one(s)泛指上文里的同类“人、事、物”。
1. If I can help ___, I don’t like working late into night.
2. – When shall we meet?
-- Let’s make _____ at 8 p.m..
3. Just as Prof. Scotti often _____ it, success is 99℅mental attitude.
4.– Remember to pick up your sister back home.
-- I have _____ it. You can depend on me.
it作为形式主语的用法
观察下面例句，然后补全结论部分所缺的内容。
1.It is tiring for Eddie to go climbing with him.
2.It is generous of him to share his candies with us.
【结论】
句型：It is + 形容词 +（of/for sb.）+ to do …
3.It is said that people born in the Year of the Tiger are brave.
【结论】句型： It is said/reported+ that从句 …
4.It takes us half an hour to get there by bus.
【结论】句型： It takes sb. sometime to do …
1. It is necessary that he should tell his father everything. .(同义句)
_______ necessary _______ him ______ tell his father everything.
2. kitty is generous enough to share her things with her friends. (同义句)
_______ generous ________ kitty _______ share her things with her friends.
3. Yesterday I spent one and a half hours finish my homework.(同义句)
Yesterday ___________________ me one and a half hours ______________ my homework.
知识点二 阅读训练
【例题精讲】
例1.
Venice is known as a beautiful 1 city in the north-east of Italy which is famous for its canals. A canal is a man-made river. In fact, the city is mainly made up of both large and small canals with very 2 streets. The canals make Venice 3 as if it were floating on water. 4 many of the beautiful old buildings look exactly the same as they did in the past. The old building in Venice 5 people all over the world. Many people also love the peacefulness of the water. However, this peacefulness is sometimes hard to find when the city is almost always full of 6 . The city is busiest in spring and late summer, and also around Christmas and New Year. During these times of year, it will be very difficult to find a place to 7 . Many people say that Venice is most 8 in June, July and August because of the unbearable(难以忍受的) crowds and very hot weather. The best time to visit it is in May, 9 seeing Venice covered in snow in December can also be an 10 sight.
( ) 1. A. mountain B. water C. fog D. forest
( ) 2. A. long B. short C. wide D. thin
( ) 3. A. appear B. sound C. become D. change
( ) 4. A. Interestingly B. However C. Indeed D. Although
( ) 5. A. surprise B. frighten C. stop D. attract
( ) 6. A. boats B. tourists C. rivers D. cars
( ) 7. A. shop B. stay C. eat D. see
( ) 8. A. pleasant B. unpleasant C. interesting D. uninteresting
( ) 9. A. though B. since C. because D. so
( )10. A. interesting B. interested C. amazing D. amazed
例2.
Joanne had planned to leave work early this afternoon，at three o’clock. But when she
finally came out of her office, all the other conductors(售票员) had already left. Now she was caught in a heavy traffic in central Birmingham at 5:30, and at 6:30 she was expected to be at a meeting.
At last she arrived at her home. As she opened the door, she noticed something unusual about Sheba，a large dog. She could see easily Sheba was feeling bad and could hardly breathe. .Joanne knew she would have to take her to the vet at once.
“It looks like something is stuck in her throat(喉咙)，” said Dr. Sterne，“It shouldn't
take me too long to get it out. "
Being in a hurry, Joanne left the doctor with the dog and rushed back home. As she was once again entered the house, the phone rang. Dr. Sterne's loud and worried voice was heard, "I want you to get right out of your house at once. The police will be there any time now. Wait outside for us. ” Joanne was surprised and frightened. She quickly ran into the street.
At that moment, a police car stopped outside the house. Two policemen got out and ran into the house through the still open door. Then the doctor arrived. Just then, the two policemen came out of the house, half-carrying a white-faced man，who, it seemed, could hardly walk. There was blood all over him.
“I think he must be a thief，” said the doctor. “I knew he was there because when I finally cleared what was in Sheba’s throat, and found it was three human fingers.”
( ) 1. Where does Joanne probably work?
A. At a bus or train station. B. In an animal hospital
C. In a police station. D. It isn’t mentioned.
( ) 2. When Joanne arrived home, she found that __________.
A. the door was open B. something was wrong with the dog
C. the dog couldn’t walk D. there was something in the dog’s throat
( ) 3. Why did the doctor ask her to get out of the house?
A. Because he wanted to meet her outside.
B. Because a thief would break into her house.
C. Because the police were coming to her house.
D. He thought there was a thief in her house.
( ) 4. The thief looked very sick because ___________.
A. the dog had hurt him badly B. he was caught by the police
C. he caught a disease from the dog D. he didn’t find anything worthy to steal
( ) 5. Which of the following do you think is NOT right according to the passage?
A. The police arrived soon after the vet called them.
B. Joanne didn’t know there was a thief in her house.
C. It took Joanne over three hours to drive home from work
D. The doctor was not only a good vet but also a clever man.
知识点三 话题作文
【例题精讲】
根据以下提示，写一篇短文，介绍你眼中的印度，字数90左右。
1．印度历史悠久，位于中国西南面，人口超过十亿。
2．印度人主要讲印地语，英语是其第二语言，大米和小麦是主要粮食。
3．印度有庞大的钢铁产业，且因其信息技术产业闻名于世。
4.印度有很多节日和集市。你可以了解到印度文化，还有很多著名的景点。如果你去印度旅游，我建议……（至少两句话）
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【课堂练习】
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
课后作业
根据句意、首字母或中文提示，完成下列句子
1．The Great Wall is______(令人惊叹的)．
2．The Leaning Tower of Pisa is one of the______ (奇迹)of the world．
3．Guilin______ (位于)on the two sides of the River Li．
4．You will be_____(吸引)by the beautiful design of the buildings．
5．Every Monday morning，we watch the______ (升起)of the national flag．
6．______ (除非)it rains tomorrow，1 will go to the park．
7．Our English teacher has over twenty years’teaching______ (经验)．
8．It’s an important______ (指南)to the study of science．
9．Come and see the beautiful s______in my home town．
10．Why did so many people g______ (聚集)there?
l1．1 decided to h______a car for three days for my holiday．
12．They got up early to watch the s______．
13．All the f______m his house is new．
14．There was snow on the hill tops，but not in the v______．
15．Our English teacher is ill at home．Mr Wu teaches us i______．
完成句子
1、这个湖占了这个区域的四分之三。
This lake _______________________________________the area.
2、这家饭店给旅客提供了高水准的服务。
This hotel __________________________________ the visitor.
3、据报道，到2016年，印度的人口将超过中国。
It’s reported that ________________________________that of China by 2016.
4、我认为污染没有我所想象的严重。
I don’t think the pollution ____________________________________.
5、我们明天动身前往韩国，将在那儿逗留三天。
We __________________ South Korea tomorrow. We will stay three for three days.
6、中国是他们参观过的第一个亚洲国家。
China is _________________________________________.
教师辅导教案
学员编号： 年 级：九年级 课 时 数：3
学员姓名： 辅导科目：英语 学科教师：
课程主题： 9BU1语法详解
授课时间：
学习目标
1.能掌握it作为代词、非人称代词、形式主语和形式宾语的基本用法。
2.能熟练使用it作为代词、非人称代词、形式主语和形式宾语造句，谈论某一话题。
3.能熟练使用it作为代词、非人称代词、形式主语和形式宾语进行书面表达和口头交流。
教学内容
回顾：9BU1词汇句型
知识精讲：
知识点一 语法详解
【知识梳理】
人称代词it
1.1. it的最基本用法是作人称代词，主要指刚提到的事物，以避免重复:
Ningbo is a beautiful city, isn’t it?
1.2. 也可以指动物或婴儿(未知性别的婴儿或孩子):
Is this your dog？No, it isn’t.
1.3. 也可指抽象事物:
It was a great surprise to me when he did a thing like that．
非人称代词it
it有时并不指具体的东西，而泛指天气、时间、环境等，称为非人称的it：
2.1.指天气：
It is a lovely day, isn’t it?
It is a bit windy.
2.2.指时间:
It was nearly midnight when she came back.
2.3.指环境:
It was very quiet in the café.
引导词it
1. It is + 被强调部分 + that ...
使用该句型有以下几点请注意：
① 强调句的谓语is或was永远用单数.
It was yesterday that I met your father in the street．
②不管被强调部分是哪种状语，只能用that连接，不得使用where、when等连词.
It was in the street that I met your father yesterday．
③被强调部分为人时，可用who(主格或宾格)和whom(宾格)代替that，用that也行。
It was your father that/whom /who I met in the street yesterday．
It was I that/who met your father in the street yesterday．
④强调句中 也要注意主谓一致、人称一致和否定转移的问题。
It is they who are our friends．
It was not until ten o'clock that we got home last night．
⑤注意不要混淆强调句和其他从句。It is was…that…为强调句标志，去掉后仍可组成一个完整的句子，只是没被强调,而其他从句一般不具备这一特征。
比较：
1) It was ten o'clock when we got home last night．我们昨晚到家时已十点了。
2) It was at ten o'clock that we got home last night．我们昨晚是在十点到家的。
作形式主语替代不定式
1). It takes sb. ... to do sth. ＂做．．．要花费某人．．＂
It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall.
2). It is kind ( of sb. ) to do sth.
主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的形容词。 常见的有： bad ， brave ， careless， clever ， cruel ， foolish ，stupid ， wise wrong等。
这个句型可以改写为：sb. is kind to do sth. 。
It is kind of you to say so.
= You are kind to say so.
3). It is necessary ( for sb. ) to do sth.
常见的形容词有：① important， necessary， natural ② easy ， safe ，common ，normal ，hard ， difficult ,dangerous ， 等。 在①中的形容词作表语可以用从句改写， 如：
It is important for her to come to the party.
= It is important that she (should ) come to the party.
特殊句式
It is +v-ed +that 从句
It is said (reported， learned....) that ...
据说（据报道，据悉．．．）“。
It is said that he has come to Beijing.
It happens (seems， looks， appears ) that...
该句型中it是形式主语，that 引导的是主语从句，主句中的happen ， seem等词是不及物动词。
It happened ( so happened ) that he met his teacher in the street. 碰巧．．.
It seems that he will be back in a few days. 看来．．．
It 作形式宾语.
We think it important to learn a foreign language.
该句型中的it 作形式宾语，为了记忆方便我们可称该句型为"6123结构"。
6指主句中常用的动词：think,believe,make,find,consider,feel；
1指的是形式宾语it；
2指的是宾补的两种形式：形容词或名词；
3指的是真正宾语的三种形式：不定式短语，动名词短语或that引导的宾语从句。
We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day.
He felt it important learning English well.
They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days.
It的一些习惯用法
How is it with sth? …好吗？
That’s it . 这就对了。
Make it. 成功做到。
Got it. 明白了。
fight it out. 坚持到底。
can’t help it. 没有办法。
【例题精讲】
it, that, this, one(s), the one(s) or those
1. There’s no more than one vase here. Do you want to buy _____?It同物，特指
2. We have more than a pen in our shop. Do you want _____?; one其中之一，泛指;
3. The cost of renting a house in central Xi’an is higher than ____ in any other area of the city?(10陕)t hat同类异物，特指;
4. There is a river along the village. __ is a river with a long history.It
5. This pen is mine and______________ on the desk is Tom's. that/the one
6. My mother bought me a new dictionary and her mother will buy her _____ too. one
7. Bikes made in Shanghai are better than _____ made in Changsha. ones
8. The students in my class are stronger than _____________ in Class 1.those/ the ones
【课堂练习】
It 作为人称代词家族里的普通一员，可以特指上文中的“人、事、物”,俗谓特指“同人同事同物”；而that, those, the one(s) 则特指上文里“人、事、物”的同类；one(s)泛指上文里的同类“人、事、物”。
1. If I can help ___, I don’t like working late into night. it
2. – When shall we meet?
-- Let’s make _____ at 8 p.m..it
3. Just as Prof. Scotti often _____ it, success is 99℅mental attitude.puts
4.– Remember to pick up your sister back home.
-- I have _____ it. You can depend on me.got
it作为形式主语的用法
观察下面例句，然后补全结论部分所缺的内容。
1.It is tiring for Eddie to go climbing with him.
2.It is generous of him to share his candies with us.
【结论】
句型：It is + 形容词 +（of/for sb.）+ to do …
3.It is said that people born in the Year of the Tiger are brave.
【结论】句型： It is said/reported+ that从句 …
4.It takes us half an hour to get there by bus.
【结论】句型： It takes sb. sometime to do …
1. It is necessary that he should tell his father everything. .(同义句)
_______ necessary _______ him ______ tell his father everything.
2. kitty is generous enough to share her things with her friends. (同义句)
_______ generous ________ kitty _______ share her things with her friends.
3. Yesterday I spent one and a half hours finish my homework.(同义句)
Yesterday ___________________ me one and a half hours ______________ my homework.
知识点二 阅读训练
【例题精讲】
例1.
Venice is known as a beautiful 1 city in the north-east of Italy which is famous for its canals. A canal is a man-made river. In fact, the city is mainly made up of both large and small canals with very 2 streets. The canals make Venice 3 as if it were floating on water. 4 many of the beautiful old buildings look exactly the same as they did in the past. The old building in Venice 5 people all over the world. Many people also love the peacefulness of the water. However, this peacefulness is sometimes hard to find when the city is almost always full of 6 . The city is busiest in spring and late summer, and also around Christmas and New Year. During these times of year, it will be very difficult to find a place to 7 . Many people say that Venice is most 8 in June, July and August because of the unbearable(难以忍受的) crowds and very hot weather. The best time to visit it is in May, 9 seeing Venice covered in snow in December can also be an 10 sight.
( ) 1. A. mountain B. water C. fog D. forest
( ) 2. A. long B. short C. wide D. thin
( ) 3. A. appear B. sound C. become D. change
( ) 4. A. Interestingly B. However C. Indeed D. Although
( ) 5. A. surprise B. frighten C. stop D. attract
( ) 6. A. boats B. tourists C. rivers D. cars
( ) 7. A. shop B. stay C. eat D. see
( ) 8. A. pleasant B. unpleasant C. interesting D. uninteresting
( ) 9. A. though B. since C. because D. so
( )10. A. interesting B. interested C. amazing D. amazed
1-5BDACD 6-10BBBAC
例2.
Joanne had planned to leave work early this afternoon，at three o’clock. But when she
finally came out of her office, all the other conductors(售票员) had already left. Now she was caught in a heavy traffic in central Birmingham at 5:30, and at 6:30 she was expected to be at a meeting.
At last she arrived at her home. As she opened the door, she noticed something unusual about Sheba，a large dog. She could see easily Sheba was feeling bad and could hardly breathe. .Joanne knew she would have to take her to the vet at once.
“It looks like something is stuck in her throat(喉咙)，” said Dr. Sterne，“It shouldn't
take me too long to get it out. "
Being in a hurry, Joanne left the doctor with the dog and rushed back home. As she was once again entered the house, the phone rang. Dr. Sterne's loud and worried voice was heard, "I want you to get right out of your house at once. The police will be there any time now. Wait outside for us. ” Joanne was surprised and frightened. She quickly ran into the street.
At that moment, a police car stopped outside the house. Two policemen got out and ran into the house through the still open door. Then the doctor arrived. Just then, the two policemen came out of the house, half-carrying a white-faced man，who, it seemed, could hardly walk. There was blood all over him.
“I think he must be a thief，” said the doctor. “I knew he was there because when I finally cleared what was in Sheba’s throat, and found it was three human fingers.”
( ) 1. Where does Joanne probably work?
A. At a bus or train station. B. In an animal hospital
C. In a police station. D. It isn’t mentioned.
( ) 2. When Joanne arrived home, she found that __________.
A. the door was open B. something was wrong with the dog
C. the dog couldn’t walk D. there was something in the dog’s throat
( ) 3. Why did the doctor ask her to get out of the house?
A. Because he wanted to meet her outside.
B. Because a thief would break into her house.
C. Because the police were coming to her house.
D. He thought there was a thief in her house.
( ) 4. The thief looked very sick because ___________.
A. the dog had hurt him badly B. he was caught by the police
C. he caught a disease from the dog D. he didn’t find anything worthy to steal
( ) 5. Which of the following do you think is NOT right according to the passage?
A. The police arrived soon after the vet called them.
B. Joanne didn’t know there was a thief in her house.
C. It took Joanne over three hours to drive home from work
D. The doctor was not only a good vet but also a clever man.
知识点三 话题作文
【例题精讲】
根据以下提示，写一篇短文，介绍你眼中的印度，字数90左右。
1．印度历史悠久，位于中国西南面，人口超过十亿。
2．印度人主要讲印地语，英语是其第二语言，大米和小麦是主要粮食。
3．印度有庞大的钢铁产业，且因其信息技术产业闻名于世。
4.印度有很多节日和集市。你可以了解到印度文化，还有很多著名的景点。如果你去印度旅游，我建议……（至少两句话）
__________________________________________________________________________________
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【课堂练习】
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
课后作业
根据句意、首字母或中文提示，完成下列句子
1．The Great Wall is______(令人惊叹的)．
2．The Leaning Tower of Pisa is one of the______ (奇迹)of the world．
3．Guilin______ (位于)on the two sides of the River Li．
4．You will be_____(吸引)by the beautiful design of the buildings．
5．Every Monday morning，we watch the______ (升起)of the national flag．
6．______ (除非)it rains tomorrow，1 will go to the park．
7．Our English teacher has over twenty years’teaching______ (经验)．
8．It’s an important______ (指南)to the study of science．
9．Come and see the beautiful s______in my home town．
10．Why did so many people g______ (聚集)there?
l1．1 decided to h______a car for three days for my holiday．
12．They got up early to watch the s______．
13．All the f______m his house is new．
14．There was snow on the hill tops，but not in the v______．
15．Our English teacher is ill at home．Mr Wu teaches us i______．
1．amazing 2．wonders 3．1ies 4．attracted 5．raising 6．Unless 7．experience 8．guide 9．sights 10．gather 11．hire 12．sunrise 13．furniture 14．valley 15．instead
完成句子
1、这个湖占了这个区域的四分之三。
This lake _______________________________________the area.
2、这家饭店给旅客提供了高水准的服务。
This hotel __________________________________ the visitor.
3、据报道，到2016年，印度的人口将超过中国。
It’s reported that ________________________________that of China by 2016.
4、我认为污染没有我所想象的严重。
I don’t think the pollution ____________________________________.
5、我们明天动身前往韩国，将在那儿逗留三天。
We __________________ South Korea tomorrow. We will stay three for three days.
6、中国是他们参观过的第一个亚洲国家。
China is _________________________________________.
1. takes up three quarters of
2. provides a high level of
3. the population of India will be larger than
4. is as/so serious as I imagined
5. are leaving/will leave for
6. the first Asian country (that/which) they have visited