高中英语人教版（2019）必修三 Unit1 Festivals and celebrations学案

必修三 Unit1 Festivals and celebrations
1. 掌握并熟练运用本单元核心词汇和短语；
2. 掌握动词-ing形式作定语和作表语的用法；
3. 了解节日的意义，并能说出庆祝节日的原因；
4. 了解作者在那达慕大会的经历；
5. 运用本课的写作技巧完成记叙文写作。
Reading and Thinking
WHY DO WE CELEBARATE FESTIVALS?

range n. 一系列；范围、界限 vi. 包括；（在一定范围内）变化
Keep your speed in the range of 40-80 km/h.
range from…to… 包括从……到……之间
Bankers predict that the price of oil will range from $50 to $100.
【拓展】
a wide range of 大范围的；许多各种不同的
gather vi. 聚集；集合 vt. 聚集；搜集；收割
In the evenings, we gathered around the fireplace and talked.
So as soon as you gather some information, act on it!
It was late August and the harvest had been safely gathered in.
【拓展】
gather together 集合在一起，聚合
gather in 收集；尽量收集进来
gather information 搜集信息

gather up 收集起；蜷缩；概括
gather round 聚集
gather experience 积累经验
feature vt. 以……为特色 n. 特色；特征；特点
The spacious gardens are a special feature of this property.
【拓展】
feature vt. (电影等) 由……主演；(展览会等) 以……为重点
It’s a great film and it features a Spanish actor who is going to be a world star within a year.
The hour-long programme will be updated each week and feature highlights from recent games.
【辨析】
feature 指事物突出引人注目的特点。多用来说明人的容貌特征或地理特征；
characteristic 指某人或某物天生有别于他人或他物的内部特质或外表特征；
character 多指一类人或事物所具有的独特的典型的特征。
in spite of 不管；尽管
In spite of these insults, I managed not to get angry.
He was there on the stroke in spite of the rain.
【同义词】
despite prep. 即使，尽管
despite 和 in spite of 都有“尽管，虽然”的意思，意思接近。in spite of 语气强于despite，可与despite换用。
①二者后面都可以接名词
He got the job in spite of his prison record.
John’s company is doing extremely well despite the recession.
②二者后面都可以接动名词
He was very fast in spite of being terribly overweight.
They arrived late despite leaving in plenty of time.
take advantage of 利用；欺骗；占……的便宜
I thought I’d take advantage of the sports facilities while I’m here.
I know she’s offered to babysit, but I don’t want her to think we’re taking advantage of her.

During the Mid-Autumn Festival in China, families gather to admire the shining moon and enjoy delicious mooncakes.
One example is the typical Chinese Spring Festival custom of lighting firecrackers to drive away the evil spirits and celebrate the new year.
Festivals are becoming more and more commercial, with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations.
动词-ing形式作定语和表语
作表语
（1）表示主语的内容， 可以转换到句首作主语
Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible.
= Keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible is her job.
（2）表示主语具有的特征、性质和状态，此时的动词-ing形式已经具有形容词的性质
The problem is quite puzzling.
Teaching young children is really challenging.
（3）常用来作表语的现在分词有astonishing, amusing, confusing, disappointing, boring, encouraging, inspiring, moving, tiring, interesting, surprising等。
I don’t think her joke is amusing at all.
The film we saw last night was very moving.
作定语
动词的ing形式作定语在句中通常有两个位置，如果是单个的动词的ing形式作定语，常放在被修饰词前作前置定语；如果是动词的ing形式的短语作定语，常放在被修饰词后做后置定语。
He is an attacking player.
He asked an embarrassing question.
A little child learning to walk often falls.
Do you know the number of people coming to the party?
动词ing形式作定语通常从以下三方面考查：
（1）说明被修饰词的性质，特征或用途
They set up an operating table in a small temple.
He may be in the reading room, for all I know.
Ladies and gentlemen, please go and wait in the meeting room.
（2）与被修饰词为主动关系且表示正在进行的动作
There were about 200 children studying in the art school.
Who is the woman talking to our English teacher?
（3）有些动词ing形式已经转化成形容词，常作定语用来修饰物，表示“令人……”。.常用的此类词有：
exciting, amusing, amazing, astonishing, shocking, puzzling, confusing, disappointing, discouraging, pleasing, striking, boring, tiring, touching, moving, interesting, satisfying, terrifying, frightening等。
That must have been a terrifying experience.
The experiment was an amazing success.
There is a page missing from this book.
1. The lady said she would buy a gift for her daughter with the ________.
A. 20 dollars remained B. 20 dollars to remain
C. remained 20 dollars D. remaining 20 dollars
2. The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket ________ the desert.
A. covering B. covered C. cover D. to cover
3. I was told that there were about 50 foreign students ________ Chinese in the school, most ________ were from Germany.
A. study; of whom B. study; of them
C. studying; of them D. studying; of whom
4. The question ________ at present has something Important to do with our daily life.
A. to be discussing B. to discuss
C. been discussed D. being discussed
5. China is a ________country ________ to the third world.
A. developed; belongs B. developing; belonging
C. developing; belongs D. developed; belonged
6. —Who is the man ______ to the teacher? —A model worker _____ our school.
A. talks; visits B. is talking; s visiting
C. talking; visiting D. talking; visited
7. How many of us ______, say, a meeting that has nothing to do with us will be interested in the discussion?
A. attend B. attending
C. to attend D. have attended
8. The flowers ______ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.
A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt

答案：1. D 2. A 3. D 4. D 5. B 6. C 7. B 8. B

Reading for Writing
MY AMAZING NAADAM EXPERIENCE
represent vt. 象征；代表；相当于
This hand gesture represents love.
The general secretary may represent the president at official ceremonies.
【拓展】
adj.
representative 典型的，有代表性的；代议制的
representational 代表的；具象派的
representable 能被代表的；能上演的；能被描绘的
n.
representative 代表；典型；众议员
representation 代表；表现；表示法；陈述
That is very representative of what we see.
She had a stressful job as a sales representative.
set off 出发；动身；启程
They set off again—and promptly ran out of fuel.
I’m going to set off from home and start my journey alone.
【拓展】
set off 引爆 (炸弹)；触发 (警报)
Any escape, once it’s detected, sets off the alarm.
set off 引发；激起
The move set off a media firestorm, particularly in the blogosphere.
这一行动引起媒体热议，尤其是在博客圈。
absolutely adv. 绝对地；完全地
I absolutely refuse to get married.
The ad said the product was absolutely guaranteed to work.
【拓展】
adj.
absolute 绝对的；完全的；专制的
John brought the absolute proof that we needed.
Black is the absolute opposite of white.
moment n. 片刻；瞬间
In a moment he was gone.
My camera caught the moment the glass broke.
【拓展】
for a moment 片刻，一会儿；暂时
every moment 时时刻刻
in a moment 立刻
wait a moment 等一会儿；稍等一下
a moment ago 刚才，片刻之前
take a moment 花一些时间
at the moment 此刻；当时
at the last moment 在最后一刻；在最后关头
at the right moment 适时；在适当的时候
主题写作——有关节日的信件
写作任务
假设你是李华，是汤姆的笔友。汤姆通过电子邮件向你询问中国六一儿童节的情况，请结合六一儿童节的情况给他回复一封电子邮件。要点如下：
（1）每年6月1日举行；
（2）孩子们期盼节日的到来，盛装参加；
（3）观看表演、拍照留念。
注意：（1）词数100左右；
（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
（3）开头和结尾已给出，不计人总词数。
Dear Tom,
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
写作思路
（1）确定写作体裁和主题
体裁：应用文一回复电子邮件
主题：向好友介绍中国的儿童节
（2）确定时态和人称（与体裁和主题息息相关）
时态：一般现在时（叙述儿童节的一般情况）和一般过去时（今年儿童节的情况）
人称：以第三人称（the children，they）为主，第二人称(you，your)为辅
（3）明确写作要点
了解对方要求→结合儿童节情况，予以介绍→祝福
（4）分段（与写作要点息息相关）
结合写作要点分为三个段落
素材整理
（1）关键词语
take place, look forward to, dress up, turn up, hold one’s breath, obvious, have fun, in memory of, remind…of, grow up
（2）翻译句子
①儿童节是在每年的6月1日。(take place)
②孩子们通常盼望这一天的到来。(look forward to)
③今年儿童节他们穿上盛装，很早就到了学校。( dress up; turn up)
④他们屏息观看精彩的表演。( hold one’s breath)
⑤很明显他们玩得很高兴。( It’s obvious that…; have fun)
⑥他们拍下一些照片以纪念这一天。( in memory of)
⑦当他们长大的时候，这些照片可以使他们想起他们快乐的童年。(remind…of; grow up)
Keys:
①Children’s Day takes place on June 1st every year.
②The children usually look forward to its coming.
③ They dressed up and turned up at school very early on Children’s Day this year.
④They held their breath to watch the wonderful performance.
⑤It was obvious that they had great fun.
⑥They had some photos taken in memory of this day.
⑦When they grow up, these photos can remind them of their happy childhood.
将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严谨的短文。
Dear Tom，
How have you been these days? Having learnt from your email that you wanted to know something about Children’s Day in China, let me tell you something about it.
Children’s Day takes place on June 1st every year and the children usually look forward to its coming. On Children’s Day this year, they dressed up and turned up at school very early. They held their breath to watch the wonderful performance. It was obvious that they had great fun. They had some photos taken in memory of this day, which can remind them of their happy childhood when they grow up.
Best wishes.
Yours,
Li Hua
（答题时间：40分钟）
一、阅读理解
Food festivals around the world
Stilton Cheese Rolling
May Day is a traditional day for celebrations, but the 2,000 English villagers of Stilton must be the only people in the world who include these rolling in their annual plans. Teams of four, dressed in a variety of strange and funny clothes, roll a complete cheese along a 50-metre course. On the way, they must not kick or throw their cheese, or go into their competitors’ lane（赛道）. Competition is fierce and the chief prize is a complete Stilton cheese weighing about four kilos (disappointingly, but understandably the cheeses used in the race are wooden ones). All the competitors are served with beer or port wine, the traditional accompaniment for Stilton cheese.
Fiery Foods Festival-The Hottest Festival on Earth
Every year more than 10,000 people head for the city of Albuquerque, New Mexico. They come from as far away as Australia, the Caribbean and China, but they all share a common addiction-food that is not just spicy, but hot enough to make your mouth burn, your head spin and your eyes water. Their destination is the Fiery Food and BBQ Festival which is held over a period of three clays every March. You might like to try a chocolate-covered habanero pepper-officially the hottest pepper in the world-or any one of the thousands of products that are on show. But one thing’s for sure—if you don’t like the feeling of a burning tongue, this festival isn’t for you!
La Tomatina—The World’s Biggest Food Fight
On the last Wednesday of every August, the Spanish town of Bunol hosts Ea Tomatina—the world’s largest food fight. A week-long celebration leads up to an exciting tomato battle as the highlight of the week’s events. The early morning sees the arrival of large trucks with tomatoes—official fight—starters get things going by casting tomatoes at the crowd.
The battle lasts little more than half an hour, in which time around 50,000 kilograms of tomatoes have been thrown at anyone or anything that moves, runs, or fights back. Then everyone heads down to the river to make friends again—and for a much-needed wash!
Melbourne Food and Wine Festival
Australia’s cultural capital has hosted this 20 years, a showcase of the continent’s culinary(烹调用的) mastery through cooking demonstrations, special tours and food tastings throughout the city. Meet celebrity chefs and artisan food crafters, go to gals dinners and discover Down Under’s most fantastic flavors
1. In the Stilton cheese rolling competition, competitors on each team must_____.
A. wear various formal clothes
B. roll a wooden cheese in their own lane
C. kick or throw their cheese
D. use a real cheese weighing about four kilos
2. Where is the Fiery Food and BBQ Festival held according to the passage?
A. In Australia.
B. In the Caribbean.
C. In the USA.
D. In Mexico.
3. The celebration of La Tomatina lasts_______.
A. three days
B. seven days
C. less than three days
D. more than seven days

二、阅读七选五
Many people seem to love potatoes however they are cooked. But have you ever asked yourself where they came from?
It all started in Peru. There, people grew potatoes over 2,000 years ago. They weren’t like the ones we know today. ___4___ The first Europeans to try to plant potatoes were the Spanish. In 1537, Spanish explorers discovered people eating what they called papas. They brought this strange vegetable back to Spain in the 1550s.
People generally didn’t like the potato. Lots of other vegetables were introduced into Europe at the same time, like tomatoes and sweet potatoes, and people preferred those to the unattractive potatoes. ___5___ Very slowly, they spread through Europe. There is a story that King Louis XVI of France liked the potato and planted them in his royal garden. ___6___
So, what about chips? Well, the Belgians claim that they invented fried potatoes, although nobody really knows for sure. The first mention of “chips” in England is by the writer Charles Dickens in 1859. ___7___ The Americans call them “French fries” because soldiers from America went to France during the First World War and loved the dish. Now, the Americans eat over twenty million tons of chips a year.
Crisps are an American invention, although they call them “chips”. Everybody agrees that a native American chef, George Crum, made the first crisps in 1853. One day, a difficult customer wanted fried potatoes, sliced thinly. When they arrived, he said they weren’t thin enough. ___8___ In the end, Crum got annoyed and sliced the potatoes as thinly as he could and fried them, and then added lots of salt. The dish was an immediate success.
Next time you are in your favourite fast food place eating chips with your friends, amaze them with your potato knowledge!
A. He kept sending them back to be cooked again.
B. The original potatoes were smaller and tasted bitter.
C. They were found to be a good source of vitamins, surprisingly.
D. He mentioned “chips of potato” fried in oil in one of his books.
E. He asked the fried potatoes to be mixed with butter and cheese.
F. Ordinary people stole them and planted them in their own gardens.
G. They were given to slaves and prisoners, because they were so cheap.

三、写作
假设你是李华，计划和同学去敬老院( nursing home)陪老人们过重阳节( the Double Ninth Festival)。请给外教露西写一封邮件，邀请她一同前往，内容包括：
(1) 出发及返回时间；
(2) 活动：包饺子、表演节目等。
注意：(1) 词数100左右；
(2) 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。



一、
1. B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一个节日中的roll a complete cheese…or go into their competitors’ lane可知选手必须在自己的赛道里滚一个木头奶格。故答案为B。
2. C 解析：推理判断题。根据第二个节日中的 They come from as far away as Australia, the Caribbean and China可知比赛不在这三个地方举行，排除A、B; 再根据 New Mexico可知不在 Mexico举行。 New Mexico(新墨西哥州)位于美国，故答案为C。
3. B 解析：细节理解题。根据第三个节日中的 A week-long celebration可知庆祝活动持续一周，故答案为B。
二、
4. B 解析：解本题可用关联逻辑法。根据上文中的They weren’t like the ones we know today.知空格处说的是土豆原来的样子，选项B与之对应，故答案为B。
5. G 解析：解本题可用关联逻辑法。根据上文中的 people preferred those to the unattractive potatoes知空格处说的是把不受欢迎的土豆给身份低的人吃，选项G与之对应，故答案为G。
6. F 解析：解本题可用词汇锁定法。上文中的 King Louis XVI of France与选项F中的 ordinary people对应，故答案为F
7. C 解析：解本题可用词汇锁定法。上文The first mention of chips in England is by the writer Charles Dickens in 1859中的 the writer与选项C中的 his books对应，故答案为C。
8. A 解析：解本题可用关联逻辑法。根据上文中的 he said they weren’t thin enough以及下文中的 Grum got annoyed知空格处说的是他一直嫌土豆片厚了，于是把它们送回去重做。选项A与之对应，故答案为A。
三、
One possible version:
Dear Lucy,
I’d like to invite you to join us for a visit to the nearby nursing home next Saturday for the Double Ninth Festival. It is the day for the elderly in our culture. Well go and make dumplings and cakes with the elderly people there. We’ll also spend some fun time together singing, dancing and playing games, which we hope will make them happy. We should be back around 4 o’clock in the afternoon. If you are able to come with us, please let us know and well wait for you at the school gate at 9 in the morning.
Looking forward to your reply
Yours
Li Hua