小升初英语总复习精讲精练之介词(一)
【精讲】前段时间,我们一起复习巩固了名词、冠词、代词和数词,今天我们一起来梳理一下小升初考试的介词部分。介词的拼写通常很简单,所以小升初考点不会放在介词拼写这一部分,但是常考的介词相对较多,每一种介词不止一种意思,考点又比较灵活,同时,还有很多固定搭配短语,这些固定搭配中的介词往往不是它本身的意思或者没有实际意义,因为这一部分需要同学们平时反复记忆背诵,熟记于心。
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表示时间的介词:
1、用at的时间短语:
(1)用于具体时刻前:at 5 o’clock,at 8 o’clock
(2)用于三餐时间前:at lunch time,at dinner time
(3)用于年龄之前(在某人几岁的时候):at ten,at the age of ten
(4)其他时间:at noon,at night,at that time,at that moment
2、用on的时间短语:
(1)用于星期前:on Monday,on Friday,on weekends
(2)用于具体日期前:on July 26th,on May 1st
(3)用于星期的上午、下午、晚上前:on the morning of Thursday,on the evening of Sunday
(4)用于具体日期的上午、下午、晚上前:on the morning of January 3rd,on the afternoon of August 8th
(5)用于节日前:on Children’ s Day,on Teachers’ Day
3、用in的时间短语:
(1)用于上午、下午、晚上前:in the morning,in the afternoon,in the evening
(2)用于月份前:in October,in April
(3)用于年份前:in 1986,in 2009
(4)用于季节前:in spring,in autumn
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表示地点的介词:
1、用at的地点短语:
(1)用于建筑物等较小范围的地点前:at school,at home
(2)用于车站、机场前:at the bus stop,at the airport
2、用in的地点短语:
(1)用于国家前:in China,in America
(2)用于城市前:in Shanghai,in our city
3、on,above,over,below,under的用法
(1)on:在......上面,有接触面
?? The pencils are on the book. ?铅笔在书上。
(2)above:?在......上方,没有接触面,不强调垂直关系
?? There are some birds flying above the tree.
??一些小鸟从树上飞过。
(3)over:?在......正上方,不接触,强调垂直
?? There is a bridge over he river.??河上有一座桥。
(4)below:?在......下方,不接触,不强调垂直
?? There is a street over my window.?
我窗户下面是一条街道。
(5)under:?在......下方,不接触,强调垂直
?? Your baseball is under the desk.?
你的棒球在书桌下面。
4、at,by,beside,near,next to
(1)at, by, beside:?均表示在旁边
? She sat down at the table.?
她坐在桌子旁边。
? I will be here by your side.?
我会在你身边。
? He put his umbrella beside the door.?
他把雨伞靠着门放。
(2)Near:?表示在......附近
? Our school is near my home.?
我们学校在我家附近。
(3)next to:表示紧靠
?The park is next to the library.?
这个公园紧靠图书馆。
5、?between,among
(1)between:?表示在两者之间
??? Mary sits between Lucy and Linda.?
?玛丽坐在露西和琳达之间。
(2)among:?表示在三者或以上的中间
??? That boy sleeps among his toys.?
这个小男孩睡在他的玩具中间。
6、in front of,in the front of
(1)in front of:表示在某一空间外部的前面
?? There is a big tree in front of our school building.??
?教学楼前面有一棵大树。
(2)in the front of:表示在某一空间内部的前面
???The teacher is standing in the front of the classroom.?老师正站在教室前面。
7、across,through
(1)across:在表面穿过
?? You must be very careful when you go across the road.?当你过马路时一定要小心。
(2)through:在内部穿过
?They went through the forest.?他们穿过树林。
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表示手段和材料的介词:
1、by表示用某种方式,多用于交通:by car,by bus
2、with表示用某种工具:with a pen,with a ball
3、in表示用某语言或穿某种颜色的衣服:in English, in Chinese; in red, in blue
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【精练】
选择正确的介词填空
1、??My birthday is ______ (on, in) October 8th.
2、??She will visit her aunt ______ (in, on) summer.
3、??I usually go to work ______ (at, in) half past seven.
4、??Let’s go to the park _______(in, on) Sunday afternoon.
5、??What do you often do _______(at, on) weekends ?
6、??Summer comes _______ (before, after) spring.
7、??He began to learn English _______ (at, in) the age of 6.
8、??I was born ______ (on, in) 1990.
9、??We give some flowers to our teachers _______ (at, on) Teachers’ Day.
10、Let’s go to the zoo______ (on,by) car.
11、Please say it ______(with, in) English!
12 Who is the lady ______(in.of) red ?
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【精练答案】
1--6 on, in, at,on, at, after
7--12 at,in,on,by,in,in