2021届高考二轮英语备考专项冲刺
专题07
【动词的时态和语态】语法增分攻略解析版
解题指导·触类旁通
寻方法，求策略，掌握“套路”
准确确定动词时态的“四个依据”
依据一 时间状语
动词的时态，顾名思义就是指动作或状态在不同时间条件下的动词形式，因此时间状语是确定动词时态的最直接的决定因素。
依据二 参照动词
当题干中没有时间状语，或时间状语不能完全决定所填动词的动作发生的具体时间时，动词的时态由其参照动词来决定。
依据三 句意或语境
当题干中无时间状语及参照动词，或时间状语和参照动词都不能确定所填动词的时态时，所填动词的时态由题干的具体意思或动作所发生的语境来决定。
依据四 固定句式
英语中有一些句式的时态常常很固定，如果题干中出现这类句式，考生应注意根据规则选用适当的时态。
1．It
is
the
first/second/...time
that
sb.
has/have
done...
2．It
was
the
first/second/...time
that
sb.
had
done...
3．Sb.
was/were
doing
sth.
when...did...
4．Hardly/Scarcely
had
sb.
done
sth.
when...did...
5．Sb.
be
about
to
do
sth.
when...did...
6．It’s
(high)
time
that
sb.
did
sth./should
do
sth.
准确确定动词时态和语态的“八项注意”
1．注意上下文中时态应一致：若上文是一般过去时，则下文一般用一般过去时；若上文是一般现在时，则下文一般用一般现在时。
2．注意看主语和谓语之间是主动还是被动关系，确定语态。
①被动语态的构成形式：
a.一般时：be
done;
b．进行时：be
being
done;
c．完成时：has/have/had
been
done。
②“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”结构中be动词不可遗漏。
③及物动词(短语)之后若无宾语应用被动语态；不及物动词(短语)无被动语态。
3.
注意解题时要首先找出句子的主语，然后确定主语与动词之间的关系，如主语是动作的发出者，动词则用主动语态；如主语是动作的承受者，则用被动语态。只有及物动词(短语)才有被动语态。系动词和不及物动词(短语)不能用于被动语态。
4.
注意牢记常考的几种时态的被动语态
(1)
①一般现在时：am/is/are
done；
②一般过去时：was/were
done；
③一般将来时：will
be
done；
④过去将来时：would
be
done；
⑤现在进行时：am/is/are
being
done；
⑥过去进行时：was/were
being
done；
⑦现在完成时：has/have
been
done；
⑧过去完成时：had
been
done。
(2)含有情态动词的被动语态形式：情态动词＋be
done。
(3)牢记常考的不及物动词，如：happen、
occur、
belong
to等。
5.
注意熟用技巧1 慧眼识别标识词
在高考语法填空中，有时会给出时间标志，考生可根据所给标识词或时间状语轻松得出答案。
①一般现在时：sometimes、
every
week/day/year/morning等。
②一般过去时：yesterday、
last
week/night/year/month、
the
other
day、
in＋过去的年份、时间段＋ago、
时间段＋later等。
③现在进行时：look、
listen、
now、
at
present、
at
this
moment/time等。
④过去进行时：at
that
time/moment等。
⑤一般将来时：tomorrow、
next
week/year、
in＋时间段、
in
the
future等。
⑥将来进行时：at
six/this
time
tomorrow等。
⑦现在完成时：since＋时间点、
recently、
lately
already、
so
far、
ever
since、
until
now、
up
to/until/by
now、
now、
during/over/in
the
last/past＋时间段、
in/over
recent＋时间段等。
⑧过去完成时：by
then、
until
then、
by/before/till
the
end
of＋过去时间点等。
6.注意熟用技巧2 参考语境和并列谓语
(1)语境理解少不了：
题干中没给出具体的时间状语时，应仔细分析设空处所在句前后句子中的谓语动词的时态，弄清动作发生的时间及顺序，确定所填谓语动词的时态。
(2)瞻前顾后找并列：
①可根据并列连词and、
but、
or、
as
well
as、
rather
than、
both
...
and
...、
neither
...
nor
...、
either
...
or
...、
not
only
...
but
also
...等前后的谓语动词形式确定所填谓语动词的时态；
②同一个主语连接两个或两个以上的并列谓语，谓语动词时态要一致。
7.注意熟用技巧3 主从句时态须呼应
①在时间、条件状语从句中，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时；主句用一般过去时，从句用一般过去时。
②在宾语从句中，如主句用一般过去时，从句应用过去的某种时态；从句表客观事实或真理，用一般现在时。
8.注意熟用技巧4 固定句式要牢记，
①祈使句＋and/or/otherwise＋陈述句，陈述句用一般将来时。
②This/It/That
is＋the＋序数词＋time＋(that)从句，从句用现在完成时。
③This/It/That
was＋the＋序数词＋time＋(that)从句，从句用过去完成时。
④It
is/has
been＋时间段＋since
sb./sth.
did
...
⑤It
is
(high)
time
sb./sth.
did
...
⑥was/were
doing
sth.
when
sb./sth.did
⑦no
sooner/hardly
had
sb.done
sth.than/when
sb./sth.
did
⑧by
the
time＋sb./sth.
did，主语＋had
done
考点突破·针对提能
明考点，攻重难，有效提升
谓语动词要点一 各种时态的用法
考点一
一般时态
(一)一般现在时
1．表示经常发生的、习惯性的、反复出现的动作或状态。常与表示习惯的副词(词组)always,
every
time,
now
and
then,
occasionally,
often,
seldom,
never,
sometimes,
usually,
every
day/night等连用。
(陕西卷)On
Monday
mornings
it
usually
takes
me
an
hour
to
drive
to
work
although
the
actual
distance
is
only
20
miles. 周一早晨开车上班我一般要花费一个小时，虽然实际距离只有20英里。
2．按时间表、时刻表、日程表等安排将要发生的动作，用一般现在时。只限于go,
arrive,
leave,
start,
stay,
return,
begin,
come,
close等动词。
The
shop
closes
at
11：00
p．m.every
day.
这家商店每天晚上11点关门。
3．如果主句用一般将来时，那么在时间、条件或让步状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。
(江苏卷)The
president
hopes
that
the
people
will
be
better
off
when
he
quits
than
when
he
started.
这位总统希望人民在他离任时比他刚上任时更富有。
【名师点津】
动词第三人称的构成
一般情况直接加?s
work→works
get→getssay→says
read→reads
结尾为?s,
?x,
?sh,
?ch或?o，在词尾加?es
discuss→discusseswash→washes fix→fixesteach→teaches
go→goes
结尾为“辅音字母＋y”，变y为i再加?es
carry→carries study→studiestry→tries fly→flies cry→cries
(二)一般过去时
1．表示过去一段时间内经常性或习惯性的动作。常与often,
usually,
seldom
等表示频度的副词连用。还可以表示在过去某一时间所发生的动作或存在的状态，与现在没有关系，常与yesterday,
the
other
day,
last
week,
the
day
before
yesterday等过去的时间状语连用。
(2019·江苏卷)
A
few
months
after
he
had
arrived
in
China,
Mr.Smith
fell
in
love
with
the
people
and
culture
there. 史密斯先生到中国几个月后，就喜欢上了那里的人和文化。
2.
有些句子，虽然没有明确的表示过去的时间状语，但实际上指的是过去发生的动作或状态，也要用一般过去时。常见的此类动词有know,
think,
expect,
want等。
(全国卷Ⅰ)Edward,
you
play
so
well.But
I
didn’t
know
you
played
the
piano.
爱德华，你弹得真好。但是我原来不知道你会弹钢琴。
【名师点津】
动词过去式的构成
一般情况在动词后加?ed
work→workedplay→playedwant→wanted
以不发音的?e结尾的动词后加?d
hope→hopedlike→liked
以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的动词，变y为i再加?ed
study→studiedtry→tried
以重读闭音节或/r/音节结尾，词尾只有一个辅音字母时双写词尾的辅音字母再加?ed
stop→stoppedprefer→preferredadmit→admittedpermit→permitted
(三)一般将来时
1．“shall/will＋动词原形”表示现在看来以后要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示将来的时间状语tomorrow,
next
year,
in＋一段时间等连用。其中shall通常用于第一人称，will通常用于各种人称。“will＋动词原形”还可以表示说话时临时做出的决定。
(北京卷)The
students
have
been
working
hard
on
their
lessons
and
their
efforts
will
be
rewarded
with
success
in
the
end. 学生们一直在刻苦学习功课，他们的努力(将来)一定会得到回报。
(北京卷)—What
time
is
it?
—几点了？
—I
have
no
idea.But
just
a
minute,
I
will
check
it
for
you. —我不知道。但是请稍等，我给您查查。
2．“be
going
to＋动词原形”表示按计划、打算要做某事或根据某种迹象预示着要发生某事。
(陕西卷)Dr.Smith,
together
with
his
wife
and
daughters,
is
going
to
visit
Beijing
this
summer. 史密斯博士将在今年夏天与他的妻子和女儿们一起游览北京。
Look,
dark
clouds
are
gathering.It
is
going
to
rain
soon,
I
think.
瞧，乌云正在聚集，我想快要下雨了。
3．“be
to＋动词原形”表示按计划或安排即将发生的动作；也可表示职责、义务、意图、禁止等。
You
are
to
hand
in
your
papers
by
10
o’clock.
到10点你必须得上交试卷。
A
meeting
is
to
be
held
at
3
o’clock
this
afternoon.
会议将于今天下午3点举行。
4．“be
about
to＋动词原形”表示正要或即将要做某事，该结构不与表示具体的将来时间状语连用，可以和并列连词when(＝and
at
this/that
time)引导的从句连用。
(全国卷Ⅱ)Tom
was
about
to
close
the
windows
when
his
attention
was
caught
by
a
bird.
汤姆正要关上窗户，就在这时一只鸟引起了他的注意。
考点二
进行时态
(一)现在进行时
1．表示说话时正在进行或表示现阶段正在进行的动作，虽然此时此刻该动作不一定正在进行。
(江苏卷)We
are
facing
today
a
strange
new
world
and
we
are
all
wondering
what
we
are
going
to
do
with
it.
我们今天面对的是一个陌生的新世界，并且我们都在想我们将要怎么对待它。
2．表示位置转移的动词，如go,
come,
leave,
start,
arrive,
return,
work,
sleep,
stay,
have,
wear,
run
out等，可用现在进行时表示即将发生或计划要做的事。
(重庆卷)Food
supplies
in
the
flood?stricken
area
are
running
out.We
must
act
immediately
before
there’s
none
left. 洪灾区的食物供给快要用完了。我们必须在食物吃完前立刻行动。
(二)过去进行时
1．表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作，常与表示过去的时间状语从句以及时间状语at
that
time,
at
that
moment,
at
this
time
yesterday,
at
ten
o’clock
yesterday等连用。
(北京卷)
Susan
had
quit
her
well?paid
job
and
was
working
as
a
volunteer
in
the
neighborhood
when
I
visited
her
last
year. 苏珊已经辞去了高薪的工作。去年当我探望她的时候，她正在一个社区里做志愿者。
2．表示一个过去的动作正在进行时，另一个过去的动作发生了，常与when,
while引导的时间状语从句连用。
(北京卷)Jack
was
working
in
the
lab
when
the
power
cut
occurred. 突然断电时，杰克正在实验室里工作。
(三)将来进行时
表示将来某一时刻或某一时间段正在发生或进行的动作，常与一些标志性的时间状语连用，如at
this
time
tomorrow,
by
then,
from
1：30
to
4：30
tomorrow等。
(天津卷)Jane
can’t
attend
the
meeting
at
3
o’clock
this
afternoon
because
she
will
be
teaching
a
class
at
that
time.
简不能参加今天下午三点的会，因为那个时间段她有课。
【名师点津】
动词进行时的构成
一般情况在词尾直接加?ing
work→workingstudy→studying
以不发音的?e结尾的动词，去e再加?ing
write→writingtake→takingface→facing
“辅音＋元音＋辅音”结尾的重读闭音节词，
且末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写词尾辅音字母，再加?ing
cut→cuttingbegin→beginningswim→swimmingrun→runningput→puttingplan→planningsit→sitting
以?ie结尾的动词，变?ie为y再加?ing
lie→lyingdie→dying
考点三
完成时态
(一)现在完成时
1．表示发生在过去的动作或存在的状态到说话时刚刚完成或结束，而对现在仍有影响。常用的时间状语有already,
just,
yet,
never,
before,
lately,
recently,
in
the
last(past)
few
days/years,
up
to
now,
till
now,
so
far等。
(2019·江苏卷)The
musician
along
with
his
band
members
has
given
ten
performances
in
the
last
three
months. 在过去的三个月里，这位音乐家和他的乐队成员们已经进行了十场演出。
2．表示从过去某时开始而延续至今(可能还要延续下去)的动作或状态。常与since＋时间点，
for＋时间段等表示一段时间的状语连用。
—I
remember
you
were
a
talented
pianist
at
college.Can
you
play
the
piano
for
me?
—我记得你在大学时是一位极有才华的钢琴师。你能为我弹钢琴吗？
—Sorry,
I
haven’t
played
the
piano
for
years.
—抱歉，我已经好多年没有弹钢琴了。
(陕西卷)His
first
novel
has
received
good
reviews
since
it
came
out
last
month. 他的第一部小说自上个月出版以来就获得了很好的评价。
3．在条件和时间状语从句中，用现在完成时表示将来某时间前已完成的动作。
Will
you
come
to
my
office
when
you
have
finished
your
work?
你完成工作后到我办公室来一下，好吗？
【名师点津】
一般过去时和现在完成时的区别
一般过去时
用于叙述过去的动作，与现在无关
现在完成时
所叙述的动作发生在过去某个或某段时间，该动作与现在有关系，可能对现在产生影响，也可能一直持续下去
Mr.Smith
has
lived
in
Beijing
for
5
years.(现在还在北京住着)
Mr.Smith
lived
in
Beijing
for
5
years.(现在已不在北京)
(二)过去完成时
1．表示在过去某一时间或某一动作之前完成的动作或存在的状态，即过去的过去。句中一般有明确的表示“过去的过去”的时间状语(从句)。但在语法填空题中很多时候需要通过上下文来判断。
(辽宁卷)By
the
time
Jack
returned
home
from
England,
his
son
had
graduated
from
college.
杰克从英国回到家时，他的儿子已经大学毕业了。
2．表示从过去某一时间开始，一直延续到过去的另一时间的动作或状态，常用的时间状语有before,
by
then,
by
that
time,
by
the
end
of,
by
the
time＋从句等。
(北京卷)It
took
me
a
long
time
before
I
was
able
to
fully
appreciate
what
they
had
done
for
me.
过了好久我才能够完全理解他们为我做那些事。
3．表示“愿望，打算”的动词(如hope,
want,
expect,
think,
mean,
suppose,
plan,
intend)用于过去完成时表示过去本打算实现而未实现的希望或计划。
(2019·天津卷)I
had
hoped
to
send
Peter
a
gift
to
congratulate
him
on
his
marriage,
but
I
couldn’t
manage
it.
我本希望送给彼得一个礼物祝贺他结婚了，但我没能做到。
【名师点津】
常使用完成时的句型
(1)This/It/That
is
the
first/...time＋that
sb.has/have
done；This/It/That
was
the
first/...time＋that
sb.had
done
这是某人第几次做某事。
(2)It/This
is/was
the＋最高级＋名词＋(that)定语从句，从句中的谓语用完成时。
(3)It
is/has
been＋一段时间＋since
sb.did；It
was/had
been＋一段时间＋since
sb.had
done
sth.自从某人做某事以来多久了。
(4)hardly/scarcely...when.../no
sooner...than...
一……就……。主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。
考点四
完成进行时
考纲对完成进行时的要求为考生须掌握现在完成进行时。
1．表示过去某一时刻之前开始的动作或产生的状态一直延续到现在，并有可能继续下去，常见的时间状语有all
this
morning,
this
month,
these
few
days,
since和for引导的状语从句等。
(湖南卷)I’m
tired
out.I
have
been
shopping
all
afternoon
and
I
don’t
seem
to
have
finished
anything. 我累坏了。我整个下午都在购物，我好像什么事也没完成。
(北京卷)Tom
has
been
working
in
the
library
every
night
over
the
last
three
months.
在过去的三个月里，汤姆每天晚上都在图书馆工作。
2．所表示的动作有时并不是一直在不停地进行，而是在断断续续地重复。
(北京卷)The
students
have
been
working
hard
on
their
lessons
and
their
efforts
will
be
rewarded
with
success
in
the
end. 学生们一直在刻苦学习功课，他们的努力(将来)一定会得到回报。
谓语动词要点二 被动语态
考点一
被动语态的构成
被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成，be动词有人称、数和时态的变化。“get＋过去分词”也可以表示被动语态，此结构比较口语化。
考点二
被动语态的基本用法
被动语态的使用场合：
1．不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者；
2．需要突出或强调动作的承受者。
(江苏卷)They
are
trying
to
make
sure
that
5G
terminals
will
have
been
installed
by
2022
for
the
Beijing
Winter
Olympics. 他们正在努力确保到2022年时为北京冬奥会安装5G信号终端。
(北京卷)
A
rescue
worker
risked
his
life
saving
two
tourists
who
had
been
trapped
in
the
mountains
for
two
days. 一个救援人员冒着生命危险挽救了两个被困在山里两天的旅游者。
【名师点津】
(1)有些及物动词(短语)不能用于被动语态。常见的有：have有；cost花费；lack缺少；own拥有；belong
to属于；take
part
in参加。
(2)不及物动词(短语)不能用于被动语态。常见的有：happen/take
place/occur发生；remain剩下；break
out爆发；last持续；come
out出版；come
up提出；lose
heart失去信心；date
from/back
to追溯到；run
out用完。
考点三
主动表示被动意义
1．“系动词feel,
sound,
taste,
look,
smell,
appear,
seem,
turn,
stay,
become,
get,
grow,
keep等＋形容词/名词”构成系表结构，常常以主动形式表示被动意义。
This
kind
of
wool
shirt
feels
soft
and
sells
well.
这种羊毛衫摸起来很软，卖得很好。
2．当sell,
read,
cut,
wash,
write,
open,
wear,
run,
burn等不及物动词后带状语(well，easily等)修饰，用来表示主语的属性、特征或功能时用主动形式表示被动意义。
Have
you
bought
the
book
that
sells
well
these
days?
I
think
it
is
suitable
for
us
teenagers. 你买最近卖得很好的那本书了吗？我认为它非常适合我们青少年。
跟踪检测·迁移应用
练模拟，练规范，夯基提能
I.高考真题诊断·单句语法填空
1.(2020全国II)
Chinese
New
Year
ia
a
celebration
marking
the
end
of
the
winter
season
and
the
beginning
of
spring.This
is
why
decorating
with
plants，fruits
and
flowers__________（carry）special
significance
2.（2019全国III）On
the
last
day
of
our
week-long
stay
,we
__________
(invite)
to
attend
a
private
concert
on
a
beautiful
farm
on
the
North
Shore
under
the
stars,
listening
to
musicians
and
meeting
interesting
locals.
3.
(2019·全国卷I)
In
recent
years
some
Inuit
people
in
Nunavut__________
(report)
increases
in
bear
sightings
around
human
settlements,
leading
to
a
belief
that
populations
are
increasing.
4.
(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)
Our
hosts
shared
many
of
their
experiences
and
________
(recommend)
wonderful
places
to
eat,
shop,
and
visit.
5.
(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)
Picking
up
her
“Lifetime
Achievement”
award,
proud
Irene
________
(declare)
she
had
no
plans
to
retire
from
her
36?year?old
business.
【答案详解】
1.答案：carries
解析
分析句子结构可知，空格处做从句的谓语，且此处描述的是客观事实，故用一般现在时。
2.
答案：were
invited 解析
设空处在句中做谓语，根据时间状语
“On
the
last
day
of
our
week?long
stay”可知，此处表发生在过去的动作，且主语we与invite之间是被动关系，
应用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语为we，故填were
invited。
3.
答案：have
reported 解析
句意：近年来，一些因纽特人报告说，在人类居住地附近看到北极熊的次数有所增加，这让人们以为熊的数量正在增加。根据该句时间状语In
recent
years可知，本句应用现在完成时，故填have
reported。
4.
答案：recommended 解析
句意：我们的主人跟我们分享了他们的很多经历并推荐了一些吃喝、购物和游玩的地方。分析句子结构可知“and”连接的是两个并列的谓语，时态应一致，故设空处应用一般过去时，故填recommended。
5.
答案：declared 解析
本句为主从复合句，设空后的“she
had
no
plans
to
retire
from
her
36?year?old
business”为宾语从句，设空处在句子中做主句的谓语，应与宾语从句谓语时态一致，用一般过去时，填declared。
II.精选典题动词的时态和语态专题对点训练·单句语法填空
6.
The
Chinese
Ministry
of
Agriculture
finds
that
between
2005－when
the
government
________
(start)
a
soil?testing
programme
that
gives
specific
fertilizer
recommendations
to
farmers—and
2011,
fertilizer
use
dropped
by
7.7
million
tons.
7.
Silk
____________(become)
one
of
the
primary
goods
traded
along
the
Silk
Road
by
about
100
B.C.
8.
On
the
first
day
of
my
grade
,
I
stood
by
the
door
with
butterflies
in
my
stomach.
I
________
(voice)
my
biggest
concern
to
my
mother,
“How
will
I
make
friends？”
9.
In
the
last
few
years,
China
____________(make)
great
achievements
in
environmental
protection.
10.
Steam
engines________
(use)
to
pull
the
carriages
and
it
must
have
been
fairly
unpleasant
for
the
passengers,
with
all
the
smoke
and
noise.
11.
Sarah________
(tell)
that
she
could
be
Britain's
new
supermodel,
earning
a
million
dollars
in
the
next
year.
12.
Truly
elegant
chopsticks
might
________
(make)
of
gold
and
silver
with
Chinese
characters.
13.
My
washing
machine________
(repair)
this
week,
so
I
have
to
wash
my
clothes
by
hand.
14.
I
was
sent
to
the
village
last
month
to
see
how
the
development
plan
________
(carry)
out
in
the
past
two
years.
15.
Albert
Einstein
was
born
in
1879.
As
a
child,
few
people
guessed
that
he____________(be)
a
famous
scientist
whose
theories
would
change
the
world.
【答案详解】
6.
答案：started 解析
句意：中国农业部发现，从2005年——当时政府启动了一项向农民提供具体的化肥使用建议的土壤测试计划——到2011年之间，化肥的使用量减少了770万吨。分析句子结构和成分可知，设空在句中作when引导的定语从句的谓语，关系副词when指代的是2005年，从句谓语应用一般过去时，故填started。
7.
答案：had
become 解析
句意：到大约公元前
100
年，丝绸已经成为丝绸之路上交易的主要商品之一。题干中有表示过去的时间状语“about
100
B．C.”，且当时间状语由介词by(不迟于，不晚于)引导时，表示动作发生在“过去的过去”，谓语动词应用过去完成时。
8.
答案：voiced 解析
句意：我对妈妈说出了我最担心的事，“我该如何交朋友？”根据句中的On
the
first
day
of
my
first
grade以及stood可知，此处叙述的是发生在一年级的事情，是发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时。该句的voice是动词，意为“表达；吐露”，作谓语，填voiced。with
butterflies
in
one’s
stomach
“紧张；心里发慌”。
9.
答案：has
made 解析：题干中的时间状语是“In
the
last
few
years”，表示动作“从过去一直到现在”，故所填词应用现在完成时。
10.
答案：were
used 解析
句意：车厢由蒸汽机拉动，在浓烟和噪音下乘车，乘客肯定相当不舒服。主语Steam
engines和use是被动关系，应用被动语态；设空后一句中的must
have
been
是对过去的情况的肯定推测，故此处叙述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态。又主语Steam
engines是名词的复数形式，故谓语动词用复数形式，填were
used。
11.
答案：has
been
told/was
told 解析
句意：萨拉被告知她可以成为英国新的超模，第二年就可以收入一百万美元。Sarah与tell之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。此处可以用一般过去时表过去发生的动作，也可用现在完成时态，表过去发生的动作对现在的影响。
12.
答案：be
made 解析
句意：真正雅致的筷子也许是由金银做成带有汉字的筷子。句子的主语chopsticks与动词make是被动关系，根据设空前的情态动词might可知，此处是含有情态动词的被动语态，其结构是：情态动词＋be＋及物动词的过去分词，因此填be
made。
13.
答案：is
being
repaired 解析：根据后句“我不得不用手洗衣服”可知“洗衣机正在维修中”，故谓语用现在进行时；主语My
washing
machine与repair是被动关系，故谓语用现在进行时的被动语态，填is
being
repaired。
14.
答案：had
been
carried 解析
句意：上个月我被派到这个村子来检查那个发展计划在过去的两年中的实施情况。设空处表示的动作应该发生在主句谓语was
sent之前，表“过去的过去”，且主语the
development
plan与carry
out是被动关系，故用过去完成时的被动语态。
15.
答案：was
going
to
be 解析：题干中虽然有时间状语“in
1879”，但这并非所填动词的动作发生的时间。由“As
a
child”可知，所填词的参照时间是过去，而他成为一位著名的科学家不是在他“是个小孩子”时，而是以后的事，即将来，所以所填词应用过去将来时。
III.精选典题动词的时态和语态专题对点训练·单句改错
16.
It
has
been
a
long
time
since
we
meet
in
China
last
time.
17.
Today
I’ve
got
wonderful
news
to
tell
you.I
had
been
offered
a
job
at
a
company
in
England
for
my
good
performance.
18.
Once
I
went
to
the
market
with
my
mum
for
a
big
dinner
on
Saturday.
When
we
were
walking
past
the
stalls,
a
loud
noise
was
caught
my
attention.
19.
To
collect
opinions
from
the
public,
an
online
survey
has
made
these
days.
20.
What’s
more,
thousands
of
tourists
from
the
world
came
here
every
year,
which
is
really
splendid.
【答案详解】
16.
答案：meet→met 解析：It
has
been＋一段时间＋since...句式中时间状语用一般过去时。
17.
答案：had→have 解析：根据句意可知，指过去的动作对现在造成的结果，应用现在完成时。
18.
答案：去掉was 解析：考查动词语态。主语a
loud
noise与catch之间构成主谓关系，表主动，故删除was。
19.
答案：在has后加been 解析：an
online
survey与make之间是被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态。
20.
答案：came→come 解析：根据时间状语every
year及从句为一般现在时可知，主句应用一般现在时，故将came改为come。
IV.精选典题动词的时态和语态专题对点训练·短文语法填空
My
best
friend
Kaiya
is
like
me.She
21.________(remind)
me
of
myself.In
the
past,
I
22.________(be)
never
confident
because
of
my
appearance.
People
always
laughed
at
my
weight,
my
height,
my
hair
style,
etc.At
that
time,
I
was
the
shortest
student
in
my
class.I
started
getting
depressed.
However,
Someone
told
me
something
that
I
will
always
remember，
It
was
in
March.
Surrounded
by
a
group
of
girls
who
23.________(point)
at
me
and
laughed
at
me，I
couldn't
help
crying.
The
tears
rolled
down
my
face
like
a
rushing
river.
To
my
surprise,
someone
lifted
my
head
up
and
wiped
the
tears
from
my
eyes.
I
then
knew
it
was
our
English
teacher,
Miss
Li.
She
said,
“you
24.________(be)
perfect
the
way
you
are.
You
should
never
change
or
hate
yourself.
People
25.________(accept)
you
for
who
you
26.________(be).But
if
you
can
not
accept
yourself,
then
how
will
other
people
accept
you.”
I
27._______(inspire)
by
her
words.
Over
the
past
few
months,
I
28.________(learn)
that
no
one
is
perfect
and
that
we
all
have
flaws.
Now
I
have
wonderful
friends
who
29.________(love)
me
for
who
I
am.
Now,
seeing
Kaiya
cry,
I
decide
to
tell
her
the
same
thing
Miss
Li
30.________(tell)
me.
【语篇解读】本文为记叙文。作者通过自己的经历告诉自己的朋友Kaiya:做人要自信，要相信自己。
21.答案：reminds
解析：根据第一句的时态可推知本空应该用一般现在时，又因为主语为第三人称单数，故答案为reminds.
22.
答案：was
解析：根据语境中的
In
the
past
可知设空处用一般过去时，故答案为was.
23.
答案：pointed
解析：根据后面的
laughed可知设空处为
pointed.
24.
答案：are
解析：本句为直接引语，故用一般现在时。
25.
答案：will
accept
解析：结合下文的
then
how
will
other
people
accept
you
知答案为
will
accept.
26.
答案：are
解析：由上下文语境可知应填are.
27.
答案：was
inspired
解析：设空处表示过去的事情且主语与
inspire为被动关系，故
用一般过去时的被动语态。
28.
答案：have
learned/learnt
解析：根据前面的
Over
the
past
few
months
可知设空处用现在完成时。
29.
答案：love
解析：who(love)me
for
who
I
am
为定语从句，先行词为friends且设空处说的是现在的情况，应用一般现在时，故答案为love.
30.
答案：told
解析：Miss
Li
(tell)me
为定语从句，设空处表示过去的事情，故用一
般过去时。2021届高考二轮英语备考专项冲刺
专题07
【动词的时态和语态】语法增分攻略原题版
解题指导·触类旁通
寻方法，求策略，掌握“套路”
准确确定动词时态的“四个依据”
依据一 时间状语
动词的时态，顾名思义就是指动作或状态在不同时间条件下的动词形式，因此时间状语是确定动词时态的最直接的决定因素。
依据二 参照动词
当题干中没有时间状语，或时间状语不能完全决定所填动词的动作发生的具体时间时，动词的时态由其参照动词来决定。
依据三 句意或语境
当题干中无时间状语及参照动词，或时间状语和参照动词都不能确定所填动词的时态时，所填动词的时态由题干的具体意思或动作所发生的语境来决定。
依据四 固定句式
英语中有一些句式的时态常常很固定，如果题干中出现这类句式，考生应注意根据规则选用适当的时态。
1．It
is
the
first/second/...time
that
sb.
has/have
done...
2．It
was
the
first/second/...time
that
sb.
had
done...
3．Sb.
was/were
doing
sth.
when...did...
4．Hardly/Scarcely
had
sb.
done
sth.
when...did...
5．Sb.
be
about
to
do
sth.
when...did...
6．It’s
(high)
time
that
sb.
did
sth./should
do
sth.
准确确定动词时态和语态的“八项注意”
1．注意上下文中时态应一致：若上文是一般过去时，则下文一般用一般过去时；若上文是一般现在时，则下文一般用一般现在时。
2．注意看主语和谓语之间是主动还是被动关系，确定语态。
①被动语态的构成形式：
a.一般时：be
done;
b．进行时：be
being
done;
c．完成时：has/have/had
been
done。
②“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”结构中be动词不可遗漏。
③及物动词(短语)之后若无宾语应用被动语态；不及物动词(短语)无被动语态。
3.
注意解题时要首先找出句子的主语，然后确定主语与动词之间的关系，如主语是动作的发出者，动词则用主动语态；如主语是动作的承受者，则用被动语态。只有及物动词(短语)才有被动语态。系动词和不及物动词(短语)不能用于被动语态。
4.
注意牢记常考的几种时态的被动语态
(1)
①一般现在时：am/is/are
done；
②一般过去时：was/were
done；
③一般将来时：will
be
done；
④过去将来时：would
be
done；
⑤现在进行时：am/is/are
being
done；
⑥过去进行时：was/were
being
done；
⑦现在完成时：has/have
been
done；
⑧过去完成时：had
been
done。
(2)含有情态动词的被动语态形式：情态动词＋be
done。
(3)牢记常考的不及物动词，如：happen、
occur、
belong
to等。
5.
注意熟用技巧1 慧眼识别标识词
在高考语法填空中，有时会给出时间标志，考生可根据所给标识词或时间状语轻松得出答案。
①一般现在时：sometimes、
every
week/day/year/morning等。
②一般过去时：yesterday、
last
week/night/year/month、
the
other
day、
in＋过去的年份、时间段＋ago、
时间段＋later等。
③现在进行时：look、
listen、
now、
at
present、
at
this
moment/time等。
④过去进行时：at
that
time/moment等。
⑤一般将来时：tomorrow、
next
week/year、
in＋时间段、
in
the
future等。
⑥将来进行时：at
six/this
time
tomorrow等。
⑦现在完成时：since＋时间点、
recently、
lately
already、
so
far、
ever
since、
until
now、
up
to/until/by
now、
now、
during/over/in
the
last/past＋时间段、
in/over
recent＋时间段等。
⑧过去完成时：by
then、
until
then、
by/before/till
the
end
of＋过去时间点等。
6.注意熟用技巧2 参考语境和并列谓语
(1)语境理解少不了：
题干中没给出具体的时间状语时，应仔细分析设空处所在句前后句子中的谓语动词的时态，弄清动作发生的时间及顺序，确定所填谓语动词的时态。
(2)瞻前顾后找并列：
①可根据并列连词and、
but、
or、
as
well
as、
rather
than、
both
...
and
...、
neither
...
nor
...、
either
...
or
...、
not
only
...
but
also
...等前后的谓语动词形式确定所填谓语动词的时态；
②同一个主语连接两个或两个以上的并列谓语，谓语动词时态要一致。
7.注意熟用技巧3 主从句时态须呼应
①在时间、条件状语从句中，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时；主句用一般过去时，从句用一般过去时。
②在宾语从句中，如主句用一般过去时，从句应用过去的某种时态；从句表客观事实或真理，用一般现在时。
8.注意熟用技巧4 固定句式要牢记，
①祈使句＋and/or/otherwise＋陈述句，陈述句用一般将来时。
②This/It/That
is＋the＋序数词＋time＋(that)从句，从句用现在完成时。
③This/It/That
was＋the＋序数词＋time＋(that)从句，从句用过去完成时。
④It
is/has
been＋时间段＋since
sb./sth.
did
...
⑤It
is
(high)
time
sb./sth.
did
...
⑥was/were
doing
sth.
when
sb./sth.did
⑦no
sooner/hardly
had
sb.done
sth.than/when
sb./sth.
did
⑧by
the
time＋sb./sth.
did，主语＋had
done
考点突破·针对提能
明考点，攻重难，有效提升
谓语动词要点一 各种时态的用法
考点一
一般时态
(一)一般现在时
1．表示经常发生的、习惯性的、反复出现的动作或状态。常与表示习惯的副词(词组)always,
every
time,
now
and
then,
occasionally,
often,
seldom,
never,
sometimes,
usually,
every
day/night等连用。
(陕西卷)On
Monday
mornings
it
usually
takes
me
an
hour
to
drive
to
work
although
the
actual
distance
is
only
20
miles. 周一早晨开车上班我一般要花费一个小时，虽然实际距离只有20英里。
2．按时间表、时刻表、日程表等安排将要发生的动作，用一般现在时。只限于go,
arrive,
leave,
start,
stay,
return,
begin,
come,
close等动词。
The
shop
closes
at
11：00
p．m.every
day.
这家商店每天晚上11点关门。
3．如果主句用一般将来时，那么在时间、条件或让步状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。
(江苏卷)The
president
hopes
that
the
people
will
be
better
off
when
he
quits
than
when
he
started.
这位总统希望人民在他离任时比他刚上任时更富有。
【名师点津】
动词第三人称的构成
一般情况直接加?s
work→works
get→getssay→says
read→reads
结尾为?s,
?x,
?sh,
?ch或?o，在词尾加?es
discuss→discusseswash→washes fix→fixesteach→teaches
go→goes
结尾为“辅音字母＋y”，变y为i再加?es
carry→carries study→studiestry→tries fly→flies cry→cries
(二)一般过去时
1．表示过去一段时间内经常性或习惯性的动作。常与often,
usually,
seldom
等表示频度的副词连用。还可以表示在过去某一时间所发生的动作或存在的状态，与现在没有关系，常与yesterday,
the
other
day,
last
week,
the
day
before
yesterday等过去的时间状语连用。
(2019·江苏卷)
A
few
months
after
he
had
arrived
in
China,
Mr.Smith
fell
in
love
with
the
people
and
culture
there. 史密斯先生到中国几个月后，就喜欢上了那里的人和文化。
2.
有些句子，虽然没有明确的表示过去的时间状语，但实际上指的是过去发生的动作或状态，也要用一般过去时。常见的此类动词有know,
think,
expect,
want等。
(全国卷Ⅰ)Edward,
you
play
so
well.But
I
didn’t
know
you
played
the
piano.
爱德华，你弹得真好。但是我原来不知道你会弹钢琴。
【名师点津】
动词过去式的构成
一般情况在动词后加?ed
work→workedplay→playedwant→wanted
以不发音的?e结尾的动词后加?d
hope→hopedlike→liked
以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的动词，变y为i再加?ed
study→studiedtry→tried
以重读闭音节或/r/音节结尾，词尾只有一个辅音字母时双写词尾的辅音字母再加?ed
stop→stoppedprefer→preferredadmit→admittedpermit→permitted
(三)一般将来时
1．“shall/will＋动词原形”表示现在看来以后要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示将来的时间状语tomorrow,
next
year,
in＋一段时间等连用。其中shall通常用于第一人称，will通常用于各种人称。“will＋动词原形”还可以表示说话时临时做出的决定。
(北京卷)The
students
have
been
working
hard
on
their
lessons
and
their
efforts
will
be
rewarded
with
success
in
the
end. 学生们一直在刻苦学习功课，他们的努力(将来)一定会得到回报。
(北京卷)—What
time
is
it?
—几点了？
—I
have
no
idea.But
just
a
minute,
I
will
check
it
for
you. —我不知道。但是请稍等，我给您查查。
2．“be
going
to＋动词原形”表示按计划、打算要做某事或根据某种迹象预示着要发生某事。
(陕西卷)Dr.Smith,
together
with
his
wife
and
daughters,
is
going
to
visit
Beijing
this
summer. 史密斯博士将在今年夏天与他的妻子和女儿们一起游览北京。
Look,
dark
clouds
are
gathering.It
is
going
to
rain
soon,
I
think.
瞧，乌云正在聚集，我想快要下雨了。
3．“be
to＋动词原形”表示按计划或安排即将发生的动作；也可表示职责、义务、意图、禁止等。
You
are
to
hand
in
your
papers
by
10
o’clock.
到10点你必须得上交试卷。
A
meeting
is
to
be
held
at
3
o’clock
this
afternoon.
会议将于今天下午3点举行。
4．“be
about
to＋动词原形”表示正要或即将要做某事，该结构不与表示具体的将来时间状语连用，可以和并列连词when(＝and
at
this/that
time)引导的从句连用。
(全国卷Ⅱ)Tom
was
about
to
close
the
windows
when
his
attention
was
caught
by
a
bird.
汤姆正要关上窗户，就在这时一只鸟引起了他的注意。
考点二
进行时态
(一)现在进行时
1．表示说话时正在进行或表示现阶段正在进行的动作，虽然此时此刻该动作不一定正在进行。
(江苏卷)We
are
facing
today
a
strange
new
world
and
we
are
all
wondering
what
we
are
going
to
do
with
it.
我们今天面对的是一个陌生的新世界，并且我们都在想我们将要怎么对待它。
2．表示位置转移的动词，如go,
come,
leave,
start,
arrive,
return,
work,
sleep,
stay,
have,
wear,
run
out等，可用现在进行时表示即将发生或计划要做的事。
(重庆卷)Food
supplies
in
the
flood?stricken
area
are
running
out.We
must
act
immediately
before
there’s
none
left. 洪灾区的食物供给快要用完了。我们必须在食物吃完前立刻行动。
(二)过去进行时
1．表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作，常与表示过去的时间状语从句以及时间状语at
that
time,
at
that
moment,
at
this
time
yesterday,
at
ten
o’clock
yesterday等连用。
(北京卷)
Susan
had
quit
her
well?paid
job
and
was
working
as
a
volunteer
in
the
neighborhood
when
I
visited
her
last
year. 苏珊已经辞去了高薪的工作。去年当我探望她的时候，她正在一个社区里做志愿者。
2．表示一个过去的动作正在进行时，另一个过去的动作发生了，常与when,
while引导的时间状语从句连用。
(北京卷)Jack
was
working
in
the
lab
when
the
power
cut
occurred. 突然断电时，杰克正在实验室里工作。
(三)将来进行时
表示将来某一时刻或某一时间段正在发生或进行的动作，常与一些标志性的时间状语连用，如at
this
time
tomorrow,
by
then,
from
1：30
to
4：30
tomorrow等。
(天津卷)
Jane
can’t
attend
the
meeting
at
3
o’clock
this
afternoon
because
she
will
be
teaching
a
class
at
that
time.
简不能参加今天下午三点的会，因为那个时间段她有课。
【名师点津】
动词进行时的构成
一般情况在词尾直接加?ing
work→workingstudy→studying
以不发音的?e结尾的动词，去e再加?ing
write→writingtake→takingface→facing
“辅音＋元音＋辅音”结尾的重读闭音节词，
且末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写词尾辅音字母，再加?ing
cut→cuttingbegin→beginningswim→swimmingrun→runningput→puttingplan→planningsit→sitting
以?ie结尾的动词，变?ie为y再加?ing
lie→lyingdie→dying
考点三
完成时态
(一)现在完成时
1．表示发生在过去的动作或存在的状态到说话时刚刚完成或结束，而对现在仍有影响。常用的时间状语有already,
just,
yet,
never,
before,
lately,
recently,
in
the
last(past)
few
days/years,
up
to
now,
till
now,
so
far等。
(2019·江苏卷)The
musician
along
with
his
band
members
has
given
ten
performances
in
the
last
three
months. 在过去的三个月里，这位音乐家和他的乐队成员们已经进行了十场演出。
2．表示从过去某时开始而延续至今(可能还要延续下去)的动作或状态。常与since＋时间点，
for＋时间段等表示一段时间的状语连用。
—I
remember
you
were
a
talented
pianist
at
college.Can
you
play
the
piano
for
me?
—我记得你在大学时是一位极有才华的钢琴师。你能为我弹钢琴吗？
—Sorry,
I
haven’t
played
the
piano
for
years.
—抱歉，我已经好多年没有弹钢琴了。
(陕西卷)His
first
novel
has
received
good
reviews
since
it
came
out
last
month. 他的第一部小说自上个月出版以来就获得了很好的评价。
3．在条件和时间状语从句中，用现在完成时表示将来某时间前已完成的动作。
Will
you
come
to
my
office
when
you
have
finished
your
work?
你完成工作后到我办公室来一下，好吗？
【名师点津】
一般过去时和现在完成时的区别
一般过去时
用于叙述过去的动作，与现在无关
现在完成时
所叙述的动作发生在过去某个或某段时间，该动作与现在有关系，可能对现在产生影响，也可能一直持续下去
Mr.Smith
has
lived
in
Beijing
for
5
years.(现在还在北京住着)
Mr.Smith
lived
in
Beijing
for
5
years.(现在已不在北京)
(二)过去完成时
1．表示在过去某一时间或某一动作之前完成的动作或存在的状态，即过去的过去。句中一般有明确的表示“过去的过去”的时间状语(从句)。但在语法填空题中很多时候需要通过上下文来判断。
(辽宁卷)By
the
time
Jack
returned
home
from
England,
his
son
had
graduated
from
college.
杰克从英国回到家时，他的儿子已经大学毕业了。
2．表示从过去某一时间开始，一直延续到过去的另一时间的动作或状态，常用的时间状语有before,
by
then,
by
that
time,
by
the
end
of,
by
the
time＋从句等。
(北京卷)It
took
me
a
long
time
before
I
was
able
to
fully
appreciate
what
they
had
done
for
me.
过了好久我才能够完全理解他们为我做那些事。
3．表示“愿望，打算”的动词(如hope,
want,
expect,
think,
mean,
suppose,
plan,
intend)用于过去完成时表示过去本打算实现而未实现的希望或计划。
(2019·天津卷)
I
had
hoped
to
send
Peter
a
gift
to
congratulate
him
on
his
marriage,
but
I
couldn’t
manage
it.
我本希望送给彼得一个礼物祝贺他结婚了，但我没能做到。
【名师点津】
常使用完成时的句型
(1)This/It/That
is
the
first/...time＋that
sb.has/have
done；This/It/That
was
the
first/...time＋that
sb.had
done
这是某人第几次做某事。
(2)It/This
is/was
the＋最高级＋名词＋(that)定语从句，从句中的谓语用完成时。
(3)It
is/has
been＋一段时间＋since
sb.did；It
was/had
been＋一段时间＋since
sb.had
done
sth.自从某人做某事以来多久了。
(4)hardly/scarcely...when.../no
sooner...than...
一……就……。主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。
考点四
完成进行时
考纲对完成进行时的要求为考生须掌握现在完成进行时。
1．表示过去某一时刻之前开始的动作或产生的状态一直延续到现在，并有可能继续下去，常见的时间状语有all
this
morning,
this
month,
these
few
days,
since和for引导的状语从句等。
(湖南卷)I’m
tired
out.I
have
been
shopping
all
afternoon
and
I
don’t
seem
to
have
finished
anything. 我累坏了。我整个下午都在购物，我好像什么事也没完成。
(北京卷)Tom
has
been
working
in
the
library
every
night
over
the
last
three
months.
在过去的三个月里，汤姆每天晚上都在图书馆工作。
2．所表示的动作有时并不是一直在不停地进行，而是在断断续续地重复。
(北京卷)The
students
have
been
working
hard
on
their
lessons
and
their
efforts
will
be
rewarded
with
success
in
the
end. 学生们一直在刻苦学习功课，他们的努力(将来)一定会得到回报。
谓语动词要点二 被动语态
考点一
被动语态的构成
被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成，be动词有人称、数和时态的变化。“get＋过去分词”也可以表示被动语态，此结构比较口语化。
考点二
被动语态的基本用法
被动语态的使用场合：
1．不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者；
2．需要突出或强调动作的承受者。
(江苏卷)They
are
trying
to
make
sure
that
5G
terminals
will
have
been
installed
by
2022
for
the
Beijing
Winter
Olympics. 他们正在努力确保到2022年时为北京冬奥会安装5G信号终端。
(北京卷)
A
rescue
worker
risked
his
life
saving
two
tourists
who
had
been
trapped
in
the
mountains
for
two
days. 一个救援人员冒着生命危险挽救了两个被困在山里两天的旅游者。
【名师点津】
(1)有些及物动词(短语)不能用于被动语态。常见的有：have有；cost花费；lack缺少；own拥有；belong
to属于；take
part
in参加。
(2)不及物动词(短语)不能用于被动语态。常见的有：happen/take
place/occur发生；remain剩下；break
out爆发；last持续；come
out出版；come
up提出；lose
heart失去信心；date
from/back
to追溯到；run
out用完。
考点三
主动表示被动意义
1．“系动词feel,
sound,
taste,
look,
smell,
appear,
seem,
turn,
stay,
become,
get,
grow,
keep等＋形容词/名词”构成系表结构，常常以主动形式表示被动意义。
This
kind
of
wool
shirt
feels
soft
and
sells
well.
这种羊毛衫摸起来很软，卖得很好。
2．当sell,
read,
cut,
wash,
write,
open,
wear,
run,
burn等不及物动词后带状语(well，easily等)修饰，用来表示主语的属性、特征或功能时用主动形式表示被动意义。
Have
you
bought
the
book
that
sells
well
these
days?
I
think
it
is
suitable
for
us
teenagers. 你买最近卖得很好的那本书了吗？我认为它非常适合我们青少年。
跟踪检测·迁移应用
练模拟，练规范，夯基提能
I.高考真题诊断·单句语法填空
1.(2020全国II)
Chinese
New
Year
ia
a
celebration
marking
the
end
of
the
winter
season
and
the
beginning
of
spring.This
is
why
decorating
with
plants，fruits
and
flowers__________（carry）special
significance
2.（2019全国III）On
the
last
day
of
our
week-long
stay
,we
__________
(invite)
to
attend
a
private
concert
on
a
beautiful
farm
on
the
North
Shore
under
the
stars,
listening
to
musicians
and
meeting
interesting
locals.
3.
(2019·全国卷I)
In
recent
years
some
Inuit
people
in
Nunavut__________
(report)
increases
in
bear
sightings
around
human
settlements,
leading
to
a
belief
that
populations
are
increasing.
4.
(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)
Our
hosts
shared
many
of
their
experiences
and
________
(recommend)
wonderful
places
to
eat,
shop,
and
visit.
5.
(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)
Picking
up
her
“Lifetime
Achievement”
award,
proud
Irene
________
(declare)
she
had
no
plans
to
retire
from
her
36?year?old
business.
II.精选典题动词的时态和语态专题对点训练·单句语法填空
6.
The
Chinese
Ministry
of
Agriculture
finds
that
between
2005－when
the
government
________
(start)
a
soil?testing
programme
that
gives
specific
fertilizer
recommendations
to
farmers—and
2011,
fertilizer
use
dropped
by
7.7
million
tons.
7.
Silk
____________(become)
one
of
the
primary
goods
traded
along
the
Silk
Road
by
about
100
B.C.
8.
On
the
first
day
of
my
grade
,
I
stood
by
the
door
with
butterflies
in
my
stomach.
I
________
(voice)
my
biggest
concern
to
my
mother,
“How
will
I
make
friends？”
9.
In
the
last
few
years,
China
____________(make)
great
achievements
in
environmental
protection.
10.
Steam
engines________
(use)
to
pull
the
carriages
and
it
must
have
been
fairly
unpleasant
for
the
passengers,
with
all
the
smoke
and
noise.
11.
Sarah________
(tell)
that
she
could
be
Britain's
new
supermodel,
earning
a
million
dollars
in
the
next
year.
12.
Truly
elegant
chopsticks
might
________
(make)
of
gold
and
silver
with
Chinese
characters.
13.
My
washing
machine________
(repair)
this
week,
so
I
have
to
wash
my
clothes
by
hand.
14.
I
was
sent
to
the
village
last
month
to
see
how
the
development
plan
________
(carry)
out
in
the
past
two
years.
15.
Albert
Einstein
was
born
in
1879.
As
a
child,
few
people
guessed
that
he____________(be)
a
famous
scientist
whose
theories
would
change
the
world.
III.精选典题动词的时态和语态专题对点训练·单句改错
16.
It
has
been
a
long
time
since
we
meet
in
China
last
time.
17.
Today
I’ve
got
wonderful
news
to
tell
you.I
had
been
offered
a
job
at
a
company
in
England
for
my
good
performance.
18.
Once
I
went
to
the
market
with
my
mum
for
a
big
dinner
on
Saturday.
When
we
were
walking
past
the
stalls,
a
loud
noise
was
caught
my
attention.
19.
To
collect
opinions
from
the
public,
an
online
survey
has
made
these
days.
20.
What’s
more,
thousands
of
tourists
from
the
world
came
here
every
year,
which
is
really
splendid.
IV.精选典题动词的时态和语态专题对点训练·短文语法填空
My
best
friend
Kaiya
is
like
me.She
21.________(remind)
me
of
myself.In
the
past,
I
22.________(be)
never
confident
because
of
my
appearance.
People
always
laughed
at
my
weight,
my
height,
my
hair
style,
etc.At
that
time,
I
was
the
shortest
student
in
my
class.I
started
getting
depressed.
However,
Someone
told
me
something
that
I
will
always
remember，
It
was
in
March.
Surrounded
by
a
group
of
girls
who
23.________(point)
at
me
and
laughed
at
me，I
couldn't
help
crying.
The
tears
rolled
down
my
face
like
a
rushing
river.
To
my
surprise,
someone
lifted
my
head
up
and
wiped
the
tears
from
my
eyes.
I
then
knew
it
was
our
English
teacher,
Miss
Li.
She
said,
“you
24.________(be)
perfect
the
way
you
are.
You
should
never
change
or
hate
yourself.
People
25.________(accept)
you
for
who
you
26.________(be).But
if
you
can
not
accept
yourself,
then
how
will
other
people
accept
you.”
I
27._______(inspire)
by
her
words.
Over
the
past
few
months,
I
28.________(learn)
that
no
one
is
perfect
and
that
we
all
have
flaws.
Now
I
have
wonderful
friends
who
29.________(love)
me
for
who
I
am.
Now,
seeing
Kaiya
cry,
I
decide
to
tell
her
the
same
thing
Miss
Li
30.________(tell)
me.
