2021届高考二轮英语备考专项冲刺
专题11
【并列句】语法增分攻略解析版
解题指导·触类旁通
寻方法，求策略，掌握“套路”
1、分析句子结构，确定并列连词
①如设空前后是并列的单词、短语或句子，应用并列连词，利用句意、逻辑关系和固定结构考虑填哪个并列连词。
②如果所填词引导的从句与空前部分为修饰与被修饰关系，则为定语从句。如果关系词在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，用关系代词；如果关系词在从句中作状语，则用关系副词。此外，还要注意定语从句中的主谓一致问题。
③如果所填词引导的从句在整个句子中作主语、宾语、表语或同位语，则为名词性从句。可根据连接词在从句中所作的成分来确定合适的连接词。如果连接词在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，则用连接代词；如果作状语，则用连接副词；如果不做成分，则考虑用that,
whether或if。
④如果所填词引导的从句作状语，则为状语从句。要根据句意以及连接词在从句中所做的成分来确定合适的连接词。
二、“破译”并列连词——关系分析法＋搭配法＋句型法
1．确定并列连词
无提示词，设空前后是两个并列的主谓完整的句子、单词、短语等；而且相并列的成分之间是并列、转折、选择或因果关系，应填并列连词。
2．四个技巧要熟用
技巧一 关系分析法
分析句子间的逻辑关系，确定用哪个并列连词。
①表并列或顺承用and;
②表转折用but;
③表选择用or;
④表因果用so(因此)或for
(因为);
⑤表对比用while。
技巧二 搭配法
①表并列关系：both
...
and
...“二者都……”；
not
only
...
but
(also)
...
“不但……而且……”。
②表选择关系：either
...or
...“不是……就是……”；
neither
...
nor
...“既不……也不……”；not
...
but...“不是……而是……”。
技巧三 句型法
①祈使句＋and/or
＋陈述句，如表顺承用and,
表转折用or。
②when可用作并列连词，意为“这时，那时”，相当于and
at
this/that
time。
常用于下列句式：
be
about
to
do
...
when
...“正要做某事，这时突然……”
be
doing
...
when
...
“正在做某事，这时突然……”
be
on
the
point
of
doing
...
when
...
“正要做某事，这时突然……”
hardly
...
when
...
“刚做完某事，这时突然……”
had
(just)
done
...
when
...
“刚做完某事，这时突然……”
三、关系词的易错点
①分析句与句之间的关系和相应的标点符号，确定是否缺少、多余或用错并列连词。
②并列连词不能与从属连词连用，如although/though不能与but连用；
because不能与so连用。
③句中如有非谓语动词作状语、with结构、非限制性定语从句以及从属连词引导的状语从句，并列连词and、
but、
or和so等不能使用。
考点突破·针对提能
明考点，攻重难，有效提升
考点一、常考并列连词
表示转折、对比关系
but,
yet(然而),
while(然而，强调对比)
表示并列/递进关系
and,
both...and...,
not
only...but
(also)．..,
neither...nor...等
表示选择关系
or,
either...or...,
not...but...等
表示因果关系
for(一般不放在句首),
so等
(湖北卷)Not
only
can
a
beautiful
smile
make
ourselves
happy,
but
also
it
enables
others
to
feel
delighted.
一个灿烂的笑容不仅能使我们自己高兴，而且能使他人感到愉快。
(福建卷)The
failure
was
a
big
blow
to
him,
but
he
wasn’t
discouraged
and
soon
got
as
enthusiastic
as
ever.
这次失败对他来说是个很大的打击，但他并没有沮丧，很快便像以前一样充满热情。
(重庆卷)I
was
never
very
neat,
while
my
roommate
Kate
was
extremely
organized. 我从来不是一个很爱整洁的人，而我的室友凯特却极有条理。
(山东卷)He
found
it
increasingly
difficult
to
read,
for
his
eyesight
was
beginning
to
fail.
由于他的视力下降，他发现读书越来越困难了。
【名师点津】but不与although/though连用，但yet,
still可与although/though连用。
考点二、特殊并列连词及并列句
1．when可用作并列连词，意为“这时，那时”，相当于and
at
this/that
time。常用于下列句式：
①be
about
to
do
sth.when...“正要做某事，这时突然……”
②be
on
the
point
of
doing
sth.when...“正要做某事，这时突然……”
③be
doing
sth.when...“正在做某事，这时突然……”
④had
(just/already)
done
sth.when...“刚做完某事，这时突然……”
(天津卷)I
was
driving
down
to
London
when
I
suddenly
found
that
I
was
on
the
wrong
road.
我正开车去伦敦，这时突然发现自己走错了路。
(福建卷)She
had
just
finished
her
homework
when
her
mother
asked
her
to
practice
playing
the
piano
yesterday.
昨天她刚完成家庭作业，她妈妈就让她练习弹钢琴。
2．“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”，有时祈使句部分也可用名词短语。
(2018·北京卷)
In
any
unsafe
situation,
simply
press
the
button
and
a
highly?trained
agent
will
get
you
the
help
you
need.
在任何不安全的情况下，仅仅摁一下这个按钮，一个训练有素的代理人就会给你需要的帮助。
Start
out
right
away,
or
we’ll
miss
the
first
train.
立刻出发，否则的话，我们将要错过首班车。
【名师点津】
并列连词的考查主要集中在“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”，
and表并列，
yet/but表转折，
or表选择，
so表因果，
while表对比，
when表“突然”等方面。
跟踪检测·迁移应用
练模拟，练规范，夯基提能
I.高考真题诊断·单句语法填空
1.(2020全国III)
He
asked
the
villagers
on
the
banks
of
the
river
where
he
could
find
the
legendary（传奇的）artist,
________
they
smiled
and
pointed
down
the
river.
2.(2019全国II)I
work
not
because
I
have
to,________because
I
want
to.
3.(2020全国新高考II)
They
kept
their
collection
at
home
until
it
got
too
big
________
until
they
died,and
then
it
was
given
to
a
museum.
4.（2019全国I）
Not
only
likability
related
to
positive
life
outcomes,________it
is
also
responsible
for
those
outcomes.
5.(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)When
I
studied
chemistry
in/at
high
school,
I
reconsidered
my
goal
and
decided
to
be
a
doctor.
【答案详解】
1.答案：so
解析：
根据语境可知，上下文为因果关系，空后内容表示结果，故填so。句意：他问村民们在河岸上,他能找到传说中的的艺术家
,
所以，他们笑着指着河的下游方向。
2.答案：but
解析：
not...but...表示“不是......而是......”。句意：我工作不是因为我必须工作，而是因为我想工作。
3.答案：or
解析：根据语境可知，上下文是选择关系，故填or。句意：他们把他们的收藏品保存在家里，直到收集量变得太大或者直到他们去世，他们把这些收藏品交给博物馆。
4.答案：but
解析：
not
only
...
but
also
...表示“不仅...而且...”。句意：好感度不仅与积极的生活结果有关，而且也会促使这些结果出现。
5.答案：and
解析：根据语境可知，上下文是并列关系，故填and。句意：当我在高中学习化学时，我重新考虑了我的目标，而且决定成为一名医生。
II.精选典题并列句专题对点训练·单句语法填空
6.Both
started
the
same
________
ended
differently.Why?
Because
of
how
you
reacted.
7.She
didn’t
know
anything
about
current
TV
shows
________
fashion
trends.
8.As
to
acute
stomachache,
there
is
no
need
to
have
an
operation；all
you
need
to
do
is
drink
a
cup
of
Chinese
herbs,
________the
western
way
takes
more
time
and
money.
9.One
Friday,
we
were
packing
to
leave
for
a
weekend
away
my
daughter
heard
cries
for
help.
10.Adversity(逆境)
can
beat
you
down,
________
it
also
has
the
ability
to
make
you
stronger.
11.Peter
has
previous
experience,
________
I
think
he’s
the
right
person
for
the
job.
12.We
certainly
know
from
evidence
in
the
sleep
center
and
that
of
many
other
scientists
that
naps
can
give
you
benefits
for
both
your
brain
________
your
body.
13.Looking
back,
I
know
the
greatest
difficulty
on
our
way
to
success
is
our
fear.
Overcome
it，
_______we
will
be
able
to
achieve
our
goals.
14.He
found
it
increasingly
difficult
to
read,
________
his
eyesight
was
beginning
to
fail.
15.In
other
words,
it
hasn’t
been
clear
whether
kids
who
weigh
too
much
have
trouble
sleeping,
________
whether
sleeping
less
leads
to
weight
gain.
【答案详解】
6.答案：but
解析：题干前后两个分句存在意思上的转折，所以用but.句意：都以同样的方式开始，却以不同的方式结束。为什么？因为你的反应。
7.答案：or
解析：句意：她对于当前的电视节目和流行趋势一无所知。or用在表示否定意
义的动词后表示“也不，也不是，也没有”的意思。根据本句中表示否定意义的“didn't
know”
可知设空处填or。
8.答案：while
解析：句意：对于急性胃痛，不需要动手术，你所需要做的是喝一杯中药，而西方的方法需要更多的时间和金钱。while
在这里表示两种情况的对比。
9.答案：when
解析：本句考查“be
doing...when...”这一结构，在本结构中，when是并列连词，相当于
and
at
that
time.句意：一个周五，我们正在收拾行李要出去度周末，就在那时我女儿听到有人喊救命。
10.答案：but/yet
解析：此处考查的是not
only...but(also)
...结构，
意为“不仅...而且...句意：逆境能打败你,但还/也有能力让你更强。
11.答案：
so
解析：设空处前后两个分句之间为因果关系，故填并列连词
so.句意：彼得以前有过经验，所以我认为他是这项工作的合适人选。
12.答案：and
解析：both...and...为固定搭配，
意为：...和...两者都；既...也...
(?C:?/?Program%20Files%20(x86)?/?Youdao?/?Dict?/?8.9.3.0?/?resultui?/?html?/?index.html"
\l
"?/?javascript:;"
\o
"真人发音?)句意：我们肯
定从睡眠中心和许多其他科学家的证据中知道，午睡对你的大脑和身体都有好处。
13.答案：and
解析：考查“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”。后句句意为：克服它，我们就能够达
到我们的目标。空的前后为顺承关系，
故用and。
14.答案：for
解析：for
是表示因果关系的并列连词。句意：由于他的视力下降，他发现读书越来越困难了。
15.答案：or
解析：whether...or
...为固定搭配意为：是...还是...句意：换句话说，目前还不清楚体重过重的孩子是否有睡眠问题，或者睡眠不足是否会导致体重增加。
III.精选典题并列句专题对点训练·单句改错
16.I
was
just
about
to
give
it
up
while
I
suddenly
noticed
a
little
boy
walking
towards
the
sea
calmly.
17.In
addition,
parents’
love
shown
in
this
way
can
also
help
their
children
strengthen
confidence
or
hold
a
positive
life
attitude.
18.I
have
grown
not
only
physically,
and
also
mentally
in
the
past
few
years.
19.While
someone
from
the
north
of
China
may
need
the
speech
of
someone
from
the
south
interpreted,
but
it
is
not
usually
necessary
to
have
written
documents
translated.
20.All
my
friends
were
so
excited
to
start
their
own
lives，and
I
just
wasn't
sure
whether
I
was
ready
for
that
yet.
【答案详解】
16.答案：while→when
解析：
be
doing
sth.when...为固定搭配，
意为“正在做某事，
突然…”。故将while改为when.
句意：就在我打算放弃的时候，我突然注意到一个小男孩正平静地走向大海。
17.答案：or→and
解析：此处指帮助孩子增强自信并对生活持积极态度，
前后是并列关系而不是选择关系，故用and不用or。
18.答案：and→but
解析：考查not
only...but
also...搭配，句意：在过去的几年里，我不仅在身体上成长了，而且在心理上也成长了。
19.答案：删除but
解析：句首While意为“尽管：虽然”，
不能和but连用。句意：虽然来
自中国北方的人可能需要翻译来自南方的人的语言，但通常不需要翻译书面文件。
20.答案：and→but解析：前后为转折关系，
故将and改为but。句意：我所有的朋友都为
开始新的生活而激动，但是我却不知是否已做好了准备。
IV.精选典题并列句专题对点训练·短文语法填空
Recently
I
failed
an
exam.
However,
21.
I
came
out
of
my
teacher's
office,
I
told
myself,"Smile!
It's
not
so
serious.”
I
had
a
big
smile
22. it
worked,
really.Everyone
gets
frustrated
sometimes.
I
used
to
be
always
influenced
by
pressure
and
I
was
often
in
low
spirits.
23. one
day
I
came
across
the
sentences,"Do
not
be
anxious
about
tomorrow,
24．
tomorrow
will
be
anxious
for
itself.
Let
the
day's
own
trouble
be
sufficient
for
the
day."
They
suddenly
struck
me.Worrying
about
a
problem
doesn't
help.Why
not
just
give
a
big
smile
and
face
up
to
the
trouble?”
Now,
25．
I
want
to
cry,
I
remind
myself
that
laughing
is
better
than
either
tears
26． anger.I
am
convinced
27．
there's
something
magical
about
a
smile.A
smile
helps
me
recover
confidence
and
gives
me
the
courage
to
move
on.
Remember,whenever
you're
faced
with
a
setback
28.
treated
unfairly,
all
29． it
takes
is
determination
and
you
can
feel
happy
again.Smile
at
life,
30.
it
will
shine
on
you.
【语篇解读】本文作者通过自己的经历告诉大家：要笑对生活。
21.答案：when/as
解析：考查从属连词。此处表示“当我从老师的办公室走出来的时候”。空处应用
when或as
引导时间状语从句，表示“当······时”。
22.答案：and
解析：
考查并列连词。空处前后为顺承关系，后面一句不缺句子成分，因此本空填并列连词and.
23.答案：But
解析：
考查并列连词。空处前后为转折关系，故填连词But.
24.答案：for/because/as/since
解析：考查原因状语从句。空处前后之间是逻辑上的因果关系，后面表示原因，故可填并列连词for,也可填because或as或since来引导原因状语从句。
25.答案：when/whenever
解析：考查从属连词。根据语境，这里表示“当······时”或“每当”，故填从属连词when
或
whenever.
26.答案：or
解析：考查并列连词。与前面的either
呼应，空处应填or.
either...or...表示“或者······或者···...”。
27.答案：that
解析：
考查宾语从句。空处引导宾语从句，在从句中不作成分，应用连接词that引导宾语从句。
28.答案：or
解析：考查并列连词。根据语境，空处前后表示选择关系，填并列连词or表示“或者”。
29.答案：that
解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是不定代词all,且从句中缺少宾语，故填
that.
30.答案：and
解析：考查并列连词。空处前后表示顺承关系，因此这里填并列连词and,构成“祈使向十and十陈述句”句型。2021届高考二轮英语备考专项冲刺
专题11
【并列句】语法增分攻略原题版
解题指导·触类旁通
寻方法，求策略，掌握“套路”
1、分析句子结构，确定并列连词
①如设空前后是并列的单词、短语或句子，应用并列连词，利用句意、逻辑关系和固定结构考虑填哪个并列连词。
②如果所填词引导的从句与空前部分为修饰与被修饰关系，则为定语从句。如果关系词在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，用关系代词；如果关系词在从句中作状语，则用关系副词。此外，还要注意定语从句中的主谓一致问题。
③如果所填词引导的从句在整个句子中作主语、宾语、表语或同位语，则为名词性从句。可根据连接词在从句中所作的成分来确定合适的连接词。如果连接词在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，则用连接代词；如果作状语，则用连接副词；如果不做成分，则考虑用that,
whether或if。
④如果所填词引导的从句作状语，则为状语从句。要根据句意以及连接词在从句中所做的成分来确定合适的连接词。
二、“破译”并列连词——关系分析法＋搭配法＋句型法
1．确定并列连词
无提示词，设空前后是两个并列的主谓完整的句子、单词、短语等；而且相并列的成分之间是并列、转折、选择或因果关系，应填并列连词。
2．四个技巧要熟用
技巧一 关系分析法
分析句子间的逻辑关系，确定用哪个并列连词。
①表并列或顺承用and;
②表转折用but;
③表选择用or;
④表因果用so(因此)或for
(因为);
⑤表对比用while。
技巧二 搭配法
①表并列关系：both
...
and
...“二者都……”；
not
only
...
but
(also)
...
“不但……而且……”。
②表选择关系：either
...or
...“不是……就是……”；
neither
...
nor
...“既不……也不……”；not
...
but...“不是……而是……”。
技巧三 句型法
①祈使句＋and/or
＋陈述句，如表顺承用and,
表转折用or。
②when可用作并列连词，意为“这时，那时”，相当于and
at
this/that
time。
常用于下列句式：
be
about
to
do
...
when
...“正要做某事，这时突然……”
be
doing
...
when
...
“正在做某事，这时突然……”
be
on
the
point
of
doing
...
when
...
“正要做某事，这时突然……”
hardly
...
when
...
“刚做完某事，这时突然……”
had
(just)
done
...
when
...
“刚做完某事，这时突然……”
三、关系词的易错点
①分析句与句之间的关系和相应的标点符号，确定是否缺少、多余或用错并列连词。
②并列连词不能与从属连词连用，如although/though不能与but连用；
because不能与so连用。
③句中如有非谓语动词作状语、with结构、非限制性定语从句以及从属连词引导的状语从句，并列连词and、
but、
or和so等不能使用。
考点突破·针对提能
明考点，攻重难，有效提升
考点一、常考并列连词
表示转折、对比关系
but,
yet(然而),
while(然而，强调对比)
表示并列/递进关系
and,
both...and...,
not
only...but
(also)．..,
neither...nor...等
表示选择关系
or,
either...or...,
not...but...等
表示因果关系
for(一般不放在句首),
so等
(湖北卷)Not
only
can
a
beautiful
smile
make
ourselves
happy,
but
also
it
enables
others
to
feel
delighted.
一个灿烂的笑容不仅能使我们自己高兴，而且能使他人感到愉快。
(福建卷)The
failure
was
a
big
blow
to
him,
but
he
wasn’t
discouraged
and
soon
got
as
enthusiastic
as
ever.
这次失败对他来说是个很大的打击，但他并没有沮丧，很快便像以前一样充满热情。
(重庆卷)I
was
never
very
neat,
while
my
roommate
Kate
was
extremely
organized. 我从来不是一个很爱整洁的人，而我的室友凯特却极有条理。
(山东卷)He
found
it
increasingly
difficult
to
read,
for
his
eyesight
was
beginning
to
fail.
由于他的视力下降，他发现读书越来越困难了。
【名师点津】but不与although/though连用，但yet,
still可与although/though连用。
考点二、特殊并列连词及并列句
1．when可用作并列连词，意为“这时，那时”，相当于and
at
this/that
time。常用于下列句式：
①be
about
to
do
sth.when...“正要做某事，这时突然……”
②be
on
the
point
of
doing
sth.when...“正要做某事，这时突然……”
③be
doing
sth.when...“正在做某事，这时突然……”
④had
(just/already)
done
sth.when...“刚做完某事，这时突然……”
(天津卷)I
was
driving
down
to
London
when
I
suddenly
found
that
I
was
on
the
wrong
road.
我正开车去伦敦，这时突然发现自己走错了路。
(福建卷)She
had
just
finished
her
homework
when
her
mother
asked
her
to
practice
playing
the
piano
yesterday.
昨天她刚完成家庭作业，她妈妈就让她练习弹钢琴。
2．“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”，有时祈使句部分也可用名词短语。
(2018·北京卷)
In
any
unsafe
situation,
simply
press
the
button
and
a
highly?trained
agent
will
get
you
the
help
you
need.
在任何不安全的情况下，仅仅摁一下这个按钮，一个训练有素的代理人就会给你需要的帮助。
Start
out
right
away,
or
we’ll
miss
the
first
train.
立刻出发，否则的话，我们将要错过首班车。
【名师点津】
并列连词的考查主要集中在“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”，
and表并列，
yet/but表转折，
or表选择，
so表因果，
while表对比，
when表“突然”等方面。
跟踪检测·迁移应用
练模拟，练规范，夯基提能
I.高考真题诊断·单句语法填空
1.(2020全国III)
He
asked
the
villagers
on
the
banks
of
the
river
where
he
could
find
the
legendary（传奇的）artist,
________
they
smiled
and
pointed
down
the
river.
2.(2019全国II)I
work
not
because
I
have
to,________because
I
want
to.
3.(2020全国新高考II)
They
kept
their
collection
at
home
until
it
got
too
big
________
until
they
died,and
then
it
was
given
to
a
museum.
4.（2019全国I）Not
only
likability
related
to
positive
life
outcomes,________it
is
also
responsible
for
those
outcomes.
5.(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)When
I
studied
chemistry
in/at
high
school,
I
reconsidered
my
goal
and
decided
to
be
a
doctor.
II.精选典题并列句专题对点训练·单句语法填空
6.Both
started
the
same
________
ended
differently.Why?
Because
of
how
you
reacted.
7.She
didn’t
know
anything
about
current
TV
shows
________
fashion
trends.
8.As
to
acute
stomachache,
there
is
no
need
to
have
an
operation；all
you
need
to
do
is
drink
a
cup
of
Chinese
herbs,
________the
western
way
takes
more
time
and
money.
9.One
Friday,
we
were
packing
to
leave
for
a
weekend
away
my
daughter
heard
cries
for
help.
10.Adversity(逆境)
can
beat
you
down,
________
it
also
has
the
ability
to
make
you
stronger.
11.Peter
has
previous
experience,
________
I
think
he’s
the
right
person
for
the
job.
12.We
certainly
know
from
evidence
in
the
sleep
center
and
that
of
many
other
scientists
that
naps
can
give
you
benefits
for
both
your
brain
________
your
body.
13.Looking
back,
I
know
the
greatest
difficulty
on
our
way
to
success
is
our
fear.
Overcome
it，
_______we
will
be
able
to
achieve
our
goals.
14.He
found
it
increasingly
difficult
to
read,
________
his
eyesight
was
beginning
to
fail.
15.In
other
words,
it
hasn’t
been
clear
whether
kids
who
weigh
too
much
have
trouble
sleeping,
________
whether
sleeping
less
leads
to
weight
gain.
III.精选典题并列句专题对点训练·单句改错
16.I
was
just
about
to
give
it
up
while
I
suddenly
noticed
a
little
boy
walking
towards
the
sea
calmly.
17.In
addition,
parents’
love
shown
in
this
way
can
also
help
their
children
strengthen
confidence
or
hold
a
positive
life
attitude.
18.I
have
grown
not
only
physically,
and
also
mentally
in
the
past
few
years.
19.While
someone
from
the
north
of
China
may
need
the
speech
of
someone
from
the
south
interpreted,
but
it
is
not
usually
necessary
to
have
written
documents
translated.
20.All
my
friends
were
so
excited
to
start
their
own
lives，and
I
just
wasn't
sure
whether
I
was
ready
for
that
yet.
IV.精选典题并列句专题对点训练·短文语法填空
Recently
I
failed
an
exam.
However,
21.
I
came
out
of
my
teacher's
office,
I
told
myself,"Smile!
It's
not
so
serious.”
I
had
a
big
smile
22. it
worked,
really.Everyone
gets
frustrated
sometimes.
I
used
to
be
always
influenced
by
pressure
and
I
was
often
in
low
spirits.
23. one
day
I
came
across
the
sentences,"Do
not
be
anxious
about
tomorrow,
24．
tomorrow
will
be
anxious
for
itself.
Let
the
day's
own
trouble
be
sufficient
for
the
day."
They
suddenly
struck
me.Worrying
about
a
problem
doesn't
help.Why
not
just
give
a
big
smile
and
face
up
to
the
trouble?”
Now,
25．
I
want
to
cry,
I
remind
myself
that
laughing
is
better
than
either
tears
26． anger.I
am
convinced
27．
there's
something
magical
about
a
smile.A
smile
helps
me
recover
confidence
and
gives
me
the
courage
to
move
on.
Remember,whenever
you're
faced
with
a
setback
28.
treated
unfairly,
all
29． it
takes
is
determination
and
you
can
feel
happy
again.Smile
at
life,
30.
it
will
shine
on
you.
