2021届高考二轮英语备考专项冲刺
专题13
【名词性从句】语法增分攻略解析版
解题指导·触类旁通
寻方法，求策略，掌握“套路”
1.两步突破名词性从句
第一步：识别名词性从句的种类
1．首先确定主句的谓语动词，确定主句的主谓结构；
2．分析从句在主句中所充当的成分，确定从句所属类型：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。
第二步：分析从句结构，确定从句引导词
确定从句的结构和意义是否完整，结合句意填写适当的连接词。
1．若从句结构完整，用从属连词：陈述事实用that；表示疑问“是否”用if或whether；
2．若从句缺少主语、宾语、表语或定语，则考虑用连接代词；
3．若从句缺少状语，则用连接副词。
另外，还需注意一些特殊的引导词(if,
whether,
because,
as
if等)的用法及that引导同位语从句与定语从句的区别。
1.利用2个技巧破解名词性从句
技巧1
分析句子成分
①缺少主语、宾语、表语：用连接代词what、
who、
whom、
which、
whatever等。
②缺少状语(结合句意判断)：用连接副词where(表地点)、
when(表时间)、
how(表方式)、
why(表原因)等。
③不缺成分，句意不完整，缺少“是否”：用if/whether。
④不缺成分且句子意义完整：用that。
技巧2 结合句意和引导词的本义解题
有些引导词在句中有很鲜明的意义，如if“是否”；
whoever
“无论谁”；
whatever
“无论什么”；
whichever
“无论哪一个(在范围中选择)”；
because“因为”；
why
“为什么”等。结合句意和语境，不难解决这类试题。
2.牢记what和that的区别
①that没有词义，也不作任何成分，当从句意义完整，不缺任何成分时用that。
②what在从句中表示“……的(东西)”，在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分。
考点突破·针对提能
明考点，攻重难，有效提升
考点一、主语从句
1．主语从句的引导词
引导词
作用
that,
whether,
if
只起连接作用，不在从句中作成分，但一般不可省略。当主语从句位于句首时，常用whether引导，不用if
what,
who,
whose,
which，
whatever,
whichever,
whoever等
在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语
how,
when,
where，
why等
在从句中作状语
(安徽卷)The
limits
of
a
person’s
intelligence,
generally
speaking,
are
fixed
at
birth,
but
whether
he
reaches
these
limits
will
depend
on
his
environment.
通常来说，一个人智力上的极限从一出生就确定了，但他是否能够达到极限取决于他所处的环境。
(北京卷)Your
support
is
important
to
our
work.Whatever
you
can
do
helps. 你的支持对我们的工作很重要。你能做的任何事情都会有所帮助。
(北京卷)What
Barbara
Jones
offers
to
her
fans
is
honesty
and
happiness.
芭芭拉·琼斯展现给她的粉丝们的是诚实和快乐。
(北京卷)How
we
understand
things
has
a
lot
to
do
with
what
we
feel.
我们如何理解事情与我们所感受到的有很大关系。
(江苏卷)Where
Li
Bai,
a
great
Chinese
poet,
was
born
is
known
to
the
public,
but
some
won’t
accept
it.
中国伟大的诗人李白出生的地方人人皆知，但是有些人对此并不接受。
2．用it作形式主语的主语从句
①It＋be＋形容词(necessary/likely/important/certain等)＋that从句
②It＋be＋名词(短语)(a
pity/a
shame/no
wonder等)＋that从句
③It＋be＋过去分词(said/told/reported等)＋that从句
④It＋不及物动词(seem,
occur,
appear,
happen,
matter等)＋that从句
(湖北卷)It
occurred
to
him
that
he
had
an
important
conference
to
attend
the
next
morning.
他突然想到，第二天上午他有重要的会议要参加。
(天津卷)It
is
obvious
to
the
students
that
they
should
get
well
prepared
for
their
future. 应该为未来做好充分准备这一点对于学生们来说很清楚。
【名师点津】
在“It＋be＋suggested/advised/ordered/requested/insisted/required...＋that从句”结构中，从句谓语应用“(should＋)动词原形”。
It
is
suggested
that
you(should)
spend
more
time
in
studying
English. 建议你花更多的时间学习英语。
考点二、宾语从句
宾语从句位于及物动词、动词短语或介词之后。
1．宾语从句的引导词
引导词有三类：从属连词只起连接作用，不作句子成分，that无词义，whether/if意为“是否”；连接代词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语；连接副词在从句中只作状语。
从属连词
that,
whether,
if
连接代词
what,
who,
whose,
which,
whatever,
whichever,
whoever等
连接副词
how,
when,
where,
why,
wherever,
whenever等
(2018·天津卷)The
gold
medal
will
be
awarded
to
whoever
wins
the
first
place
in
the
bicycle
race.
金牌将会颁发给在自行车比赛中获得第一的任何人。
(2017·天津卷)She
asked
me
whether
I
had
returned
the
books
to
the
library,
and
I
admitted
that
I
hadn’t.
她问我是否把书还给图书馆了，我承认我还没有还。
(四川卷)Our
teachers
always
tell
us
to
believe
in
what
we
do
and
who
we
are
if
we
want
to
succeed.
我们的老师总是告诉我们，如果我们想成功的话，就要相信我们所做的事情以及我们自己。
(山东卷)We’ve
offered
her
the
job,
but
I
don’t
know
whether
she’ll
accept
it.
我们已经给她提供了工作，但我不知道她是否会接受。
【名师点津】
(1)that引导宾语从句时，常被省去，但下列情况下不能省略：
①that从句作介词的宾语时；②动词后跟有多个that引导的宾语从句时，只有第一个that可以省略，从第二个从句开始that不可省略；③主句谓语动词(包括非谓语动词)与宾语从句之间有插入语时；④that引导的从句位于句首时。
(2)在介词后的宾语从句中，连接词表示“是否”时，只用whether，不用if。
2．it作形式宾语的宾语从句
①动词find/feel/think/consider/make＋it＋宾补(形容词或名词)＋不定式/that从句
②动词hate/like/dislike/appreciate/enjoy＋it＋that从句
③短语动词see
to/depend
on/rely
on＋it＋that从句
④固定搭配take
it
for
granted/owe
it
to
sb.＋that从句
I
shall
see
to
it
that
he
is
taken
good
care
of
when
you
are
absent. 你不在的时候，我负责把他照顾好。
I
think
it
necessary
that
we
take
plenty
of
boiled
water
every
day. 我认为我们每天多喝白开水是有必要的。
【名师点津】
宾语从句的时态：一般情况下，宾语从句需与主句的时态保持一致，即当主句是一般现在时时，从句可根据具体情况选用合适的时态；当主句为过去的某种时态时，从句需用相应的过去的某种时态；当从句的内容为真理或客观事实时，从句需用一般现在时。
考点三、表语从句
在句中作表语的从句称为表语从句。表语从句位于系动词之后。
1．表语从句的引导词
引导词有三类：从属连词只起连接作用，不作句子成分；连接代词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语；连接副词在从句中只作状语。
从属连词
that,
whether,
if
连接代词
what,
who,
whose,
which,
whatever,
whichever,
whoever等
连接副词
how,
when,
where,
why,
wherever,
whenever等
(2018·北京卷)This
is
what
my
father
has
taught
me—to
always
face
difficulties
and
hope
for
the
best. 这是我父亲教我的——总是要面对困难，并抱最大的希望。
(北京卷)The
best
moment
for
the
football
star
was
when
he
scored
the
winning
goal.
这个足球明星最美好的时刻是他射进制胜球的时候。
(上海卷)The
most
important
result
for
the
user
is
that
the
product
does
what
is
intended.
对用户来说最重要的是产品达到了预期的效果。
2．其他连接词引导的表语从句
(1)as
if/as
though引导表语从句
as
if/as
though意为“好像，仿佛”，其引导的表语从句常跟在系动词(be动词，
seem,
appear,
look,
taste,
sound,
feel,
smell等)之后。若表语从句所述的是非真实的情况，从句用虚拟语气；若所述的是事实或是极可能发生的情况，从句用陈述语气。
The
thick
smog
covered
the
whole
city.It
was
as
if
a
great
black
blanket
had
been
thrown
over
it.
厚重的烟雾覆盖着整个城市，好像把一张厚厚的黑色毯子扔到它的上面。
(2)because，why引导的表语从句
①This/That/It
is
why＋表语从句(表结果)，意为“这/那就是……的原因”
②This/That/It
is
because＋表语从句(表原因)，意为“这/那是因为……”
③The
reason
why...is
that＋表语从句，意为“……的原因是……”
(安徽卷)From
space,
the
earth
looks
blue.This
is
because
about
seventy?one
percent
of
its
surface
is
covered
by
water. 从太空中看，地球是蓝色的。这是因为地球表面约百分之七十一都被水覆盖着。
He
didn’t
work
hard.That’s
why
he
was
fired.
他没有努力工作。那就是他被解雇的原因。
考点四、同位语从句
1．同位语从句的引导词
同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语，一般位于该名词之后，说明该名词的具体内容。其引导词主要有that,
whether,
why,
who,
where,
how,
when等。在同位语从句中，that和whether不作句子成分，that无词义，whether表示“是否”；if不能引导同位语从句。引导同位语从句的连接词一般都不能省略。
(天津卷)The
manager
put
forward
a
suggestion
that
we
should
have
an
assistant.There
is
too
much
work
to
do.
经理提出一个建议，我们应该有个助手。有太多的工作要做。
He
asked
her
the
question
whether
they
can
be
friends.
他问了一个问题：他们能否成为朋友。
You
have
no
idea
how
worried
I
was!
你不知道我有多着急！
2．常跟同位语从句的名词
后常跟同位语从句的名词有advice,
fact,
doubt,
suggestion,
hope,
demand,
conclusion,
idea,
news,
order,
request,
thought,
word,
wish,
promise,
truth,
information,
message,
belief,
report,
desire,
problem,
possibility等。
(辽宁卷)When
the
news
came
that
the
war
broke
out,
he
decided
to
serve
in
the
army.
当战争爆发的消息传来时，他决定去参军。
(浙江卷)I
made
a
promise
to
myself
that
this
year,
my
first
year
in
high
school,
would
be
different. 我对自己承诺：今年，也就是我高中的第一年，会有所不同。
跟踪检测·迁移应用
练模拟，练规范，夯基提能
I.高考真题诊断·单句语法填空
1.(2019全国卷Ⅰ)While
they
are
rare
north
of
88°，there
is
evidence
________
they
range
all
the
way
across
the
Arctic,
and
as
far
south
as
James
Bay
in
Canada.
2.(2018全国卷Ⅲ)I’m
not
sure
________
is
more
frightened,
me
or
the
female
gorilla(大猩猩)
that
suddenly
appears
out
of
nowhere.
3.(2020全国新高考I）Write
a
poem
about
________how
courage,
determination,
and
strength
have
helped
you
face
challenges
in
your
life.
4.(2018全国卷I）Ten
years
after
my
chess
class
with
Ashley,
I'm
still
putting
to
use
________he
taught
me.
5.(2018全国卷I）Adults
understand
________
what
it
feels
like
to
be
flooded
with
objects.
【答案详解】
1.答案：that
解析：that引导同位语从句，解释evidence的具体内容。句意：虽然它们在88度以北很罕见，但有证据表明，它们的活动范围遍及整个北极，甚至南至加拿大的詹姆斯湾。
2.答案：who
解析：从句中缺少主语且设空处表示“人”，
故用who引导。句意：我不确定
谁更害怕,是我或者是突然凭空出现的雌性大猩猩。
3.答案：how
解析：分析句子结构可知，这是一个宾语从句。how表示方式，意为“如何/怎样......”句意：写一首关于勇气、决心和力量如何/怎样帮助你面对生活中的挑战的诗。
4.what
分析句子结构可知，动词use之后为宾语从句，从句的谓语动词为及物动词
taught,根据
teach
sb
sth可知，应用what引导此宾语从句，并在从句中作宾语。句意：在上了阿什利的象棋课10年之后，我仍然在使用他教我的知识。
5.what
分析句子结构可知，动词understand之后为宾语从句。从句的谓语动词为
feels,it为形式主语，真正的主语为不定式短语
to
be
flooded
with
objects,从句缺少宾语，所以用what引导宾语从句。句意：成年人理解被物品淹没的感觉。
II.精选典题名词性从句专题对点训练·单句语法填空
6.(2020·浏阳六校联考)A
typical
Chinese
wedding
nowadays
goes
like
this:
when
a
new
couple
is
engaged,
_________follows
is
a
choice
of
the
date
of
their
marriage.
7.(2020·北京朝阳期中)So
the
next
time
I
see
that
person
I
also
see
the
name
on
his
or
her
face,
and
that
is
_________I
never
forget
a
name.
8.(2020·河北衡水中学一调)There
is
no
doubt
_________the
event
will
attract
more
visitors
to
enjoy
visiting
this
wonderful
city.
9.(2020·洛阳期中)After
being
designated
as
the
first
special
economic
zone
in
China,
_________was
once
a
fishing
village
has
rapidly
become
an
emerging
modern
city.
10.(2020·北京顺义二模)I
lost
my
wallet
after
going
shopping
last
Friday
evening.But
I
couldn’t
remember
_________I
lost
it.
11.(2020·湖北重点高中联合协作体期中)Experts
hold
the
opinion
_________a
small
amount
of
stress
can
be
good
in
exams.
12.(2020·哈尔滨三中二调)The
impact
and
ultimate
result
depend
on
_________you
do
with
the
difficulties
that
you
have.
13.(2020·哈尔滨六中二模)In
Martin’s
world,
we
are
not
sure
_________the
good
will
win
in
the
end
or
not.
14.(2020·吉林普通高中调研)It
is
possible
_________caffeine
may
cause
birth
defects(缺陷)
in
humans,
too.
15.(2020·济宁二模)Young
women
seem
to
perform
worse
than
men
on
high?level
math
tests.That
is
_________has
confused
the
educators
for
ages.
【答案详解】
6.答案：what
解析：分析句子结构可知what引导主语从句，
从句中缺少主语且表示事物，
故用what引导。句意：现在典型的中国婚礼是这样的:当一对新人订婚了，接下来就是选择
结婚的日子。
7.答案：why/how
解析：此句用到that
is
why/how
引导的表语从句。意思是“那就是……
的原因/方式”。句意：所以下次我再见到那个人的时候，我也会看到他或她脸上的名字，这
就是为什么我从来不会忘记一个人的名字。
8.答案：that
解析：doubt用在否定句中时后面的宾语从句用that引导。句意：毫无疑问，
这一活动将吸引更多的游客来参观这座美妙的城市。
9.答案：what
解析：分析句子结构可知what引导主语从句，
从句中缺少主语且表示事
物，
故用what引导。句意：在被指定为中国第一个经济特区后，这个曾经的渔村迅速成为
了一个新兴的现代化城市。
10.答案：where
解析：设空处引导宾语从句，作remember的宾语，且在从句中作地点状语。句意：上周五晚上购物后我把钱包丢了。但我记不起我把它丢在哪儿了。
11.答案：that
解析：设空处引导同位语从句，对opinion进行解释说明，且从句中不缺
成分，意义完整，故填that。句意：专家们认为少量的压力在考试中是有好处的。
12.答案：what
解析：分析句子结构可知，介词on后面的宾语从句中do
with
缺少直接宾语，故填what。句意：影响和最终的结果取决于你如何处理你所面临的困难。
13.答案：whether
解析：分析句子结构可知，the
good
will
win
in
the
end
or
not是I’m
not
sure的宾语从句，根据句意可知，设空处表示“是否”，故用whether连接。句意：在马丁的世界里，我们不能确定善行最终是否会取胜。
14.答案：that
解析：“It十be十形容词十that..”为固定句式，
其中It为形式主语，
that从
句是真正的主语。句意：咖啡因可能会在人类中导致出生缺陷。
15.答案：what
解析：what引导表语从句，
在从句中作主语。句意：在高水平数学考试中，
年轻女性的表现似乎比男性差。这就是多年来困扰教育家们的问题。
III.精选典题名词性从句专题对点训练·单句改错
16.Everyone
in
the
village
is
very
friendly;
it
doesn’t
matter
that
you
have
lived
there
for
a
short
or
a
long
time.
17.Which
impresses
me
most
is
Miss
Zhang’s
way
of
teaching.
18.
The
first
reason
why
I
consider
him
as
my
best
friend
is
because
he
has
a
very
warm
personality.
19.
Today，English
is
which
my
strength
lies.
And
I’m
grateful
to
my
English
teacher.
20.It’s
not
easy
for
us
to
accept
the
fact
which
we
are
going
to
leave
our
beloved
school.
【答案详解】
16.答案：that→whether
解析：分析句子结构可知，it为形式主语，it
doesn’t
matter之后为主语从句，而且从句中有or，构成“whether......or......无论......还是......”句式。句意：村里的每个人都很友好;你在那里住的时间短还是长都没有关系。
17.答案：Which→What
解析：连接代词之间的误用what引导的主语从句，
从句中缺少主语且表示事物，
故用what引导。句意：给我印象最深的是张老师的教学方法。
18.答案：because→that
解析：考查名词性从句。主语为名词reason，表语从句中的连接词要用that。
19.答案：which→where
解析：分析句子结构可知，句中is后接表语从句，
引导词在从句中作地点状语，
故用where，
表示“英语就是我的强项所在(之处)”。
20.答案：which→that
解析：fact之后为同位语从句对fact进行解释说明，且从句中不缺成分，意义完整，故将which改为that。
IV.精选典题名词性从句专题对点训练·短文语法填空
It
was
reported___21___there
was
an
accident
at
the
corner
of
Roman
Street
this
morning.
No
one
saw___22___on
earth
happened
then.
A
car
ran
into
a
truck
but
fortunately,
nobody
got
injured.___23___is
responsible
for
the
accident
is
still
under
investigation.
The
police
are
uncertain
about___24___the
driver
is
guilty.
___25___the
police
should
do
now
is
___26___they
must
find
out
what
led
to
the
accident.
They
said
it
was
difficult
for
them
to
judge
because___27___the
accident
happened
was
not
clear.
Perhaps
the
reason
was
___28___
the
driver
was
too
tired
to
stop
the
car
in
time.
The
driver
didn't
admit
the
fact___29___he
was
driving
too
fast
at
the
turning.
The
police
doubted___30___what
he
said
was
true
and
decided
to
make
a
further
investigation.
【语篇解读】本文介绍了一起交通事故。
21.
答案：that
解析：“It十be十过去分词十that..!”为固定句式，
其中It为形式主语，
that
从句是真正的主语。句意：据报道，今天早上在罗马大街的拐角处发生了一起交通事故。
22.答案：what
解析：what引导的宾语从句作saw的宾语，
从句中缺少主语且表示事物，
故用what引导。
句意：没人看到当时究竟发生了什么。
23.答案：Who
解析：“____23____is
responsible
for
the
accident”为主语从句，
该从句中缺
少主语且设空处表示“人”，
故用who引导。
句意：谁应对这一事故负责仍然在调查中。
24.答案：whether
解析：根据题干中的uncertain可知设空处表示“是否”，
介词后不能由
if来引导宾语从句，
所以此处应用whether。句意：警察不能确定司机是否有罪。
25.答案：What
解析：what引导主语从句，
在从句中作do的宾语。句意：现在警察应
做的就是他们必须弄清楚事故的起因。
26.
答案：that
解析：“___6___they
must
find
out
what
led
to
the
accident”为表语从句，该从
句中结构完整，不缺少任何成分，所以用that引导。
27.答案：how
解析：根据句意可知设空处应为表示方式的副词how。句意：他们说他们很
难判断，因为事故是如何发生的还不清楚。
28.
答案：that
解析：The
reason
is/was
that...为固定句式，
意思是“原因是……”。句意：
也许原因是司机太疲劳了而没能及时刹住车。
29.答案：that
解析：that引导同位语从句，解释fact的具体内容。句意：司机不承认他在拐弯处开得太快这个事实。
30.答案：if/whether
解析：doubt用在肯定句中时后面的宾语从句常用if/whether引导。句意：警察不能肯定他所说的话是否是真的，决定作进一步的调查。2021届高考二轮英语备考专项冲刺
专题13
【名词性从句】语法增分攻略原题版
解题指导·触类旁通
寻方法，求策略，掌握“套路”
1.两步突破名词性从句
第一步：识别名词性从句的种类
1．首先确定主句的谓语动词，确定主句的主谓结构；
2．分析从句在主句中所充当的成分，确定从句所属类型：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。
第二步：分析从句结构，确定从句引导词
确定从句的结构和意义是否完整，结合句意填写适当的连接词。
1．若从句结构完整，用从属连词：陈述事实用that；表示疑问“是否”用if或whether；
2．若从句缺少主语、宾语、表语或定语，则考虑用连接代词；
3．若从句缺少状语，则用连接副词。
另外，还需注意一些特殊的引导词(if,
whether,
because,
as
if等)的用法及that引导同位语从句与定语从句的区别。
1.利用2个技巧破解名词性从句
技巧1
分析句子成分
①缺少主语、宾语、表语：用连接代词what、
who、
whom、
which、
whatever等。
②缺少状语(结合句意判断)：用连接副词where(表地点)、
when(表时间)、
how(表方式)、
why(表原因)等。
③不缺成分，句意不完整，缺少“是否”：用if/whether。
④不缺成分且句子意义完整：用that。
技巧2 结合句意和引导词的本义解题
有些引导词在句中有很鲜明的意义，如if“是否”；
whoever
“无论谁”；
whatever
“无论什么”；
whichever
“无论哪一个(在范围中选择)”；
because“因为”；
why
“为什么”等。结合句意和语境，不难解决这类试题。
2.牢记what和that的区别
①that没有词义，也不作任何成分，当从句意义完整，不缺任何成分时用that。
②what在从句中表示“……的(东西)”，在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分。
考点突破·针对提能
明考点，攻重难，有效提升
考点一、主语从句
1．主语从句的引导词
引导词
作用
that,
whether,
if
只起连接作用，不在从句中作成分，但一般不可省略。当主语从句位于句首时，常用whether引导，不用if
what,
who,
whose,
which，
whatever,
whichever,
whoever等
在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语
how,
when,
where，
why等
在从句中作状语
(安徽卷)The
limits
of
a
person’s
intelligence,
generally
speaking,
are
fixed
at
birth,
but
whether
he
reaches
these
limits
will
depend
on
his
environment.
通常来说，一个人智力上的极限从一出生就确定了，但他是否能够达到极限取决于他所处的环境。
(北京卷)Your
support
is
important
to
our
work.Whatever
you
can
do
helps. 你的支持对我们的工作很重要。你能做的任何事情都会有所帮助。
(北京卷)What
Barbara
Jones
offers
to
her
fans
is
honesty
and
happiness.
芭芭拉·琼斯展现给她的粉丝们的是诚实和快乐。
(北京卷)How
we
understand
things
has
a
lot
to
do
with
what
we
feel.
我们如何理解事情与我们所感受到的有很大关系。
(江苏卷)Where
Li
Bai,
a
great
Chinese
poet,
was
born
is
known
to
the
public,
but
some
won’t
accept
it.
中国伟大的诗人李白出生的地方人人皆知，但是有些人对此并不接受。
2．用it作形式主语的主语从句
①It＋be＋形容词(necessary/likely/important/certain等)＋that从句
②It＋be＋名词(短语)(a
pity/a
shame/no
wonder等)＋that从句
③It＋be＋过去分词(said/told/reported等)＋that从句
④It＋不及物动词(seem,
occur,
appear,
happen,
matter等)＋that从句
(湖北卷)It
occurred
to
him
that
he
had
an
important
conference
to
attend
the
next
morning.
他突然想到，第二天上午他有重要的会议要参加。
(天津卷)It
is
obvious
to
the
students
that
they
should
get
well
prepared
for
their
future. 应该为未来做好充分准备这一点对于学生们来说很清楚。
【名师点津】
在“It＋be＋suggested/advised/ordered/requested/insisted/required...＋that从句”结构中，从句谓语应用“(should＋)动词原形”。
It
is
suggested
that
you(should)
spend
more
time
in
studying
English. 建议你花更多的时间学习英语。
考点二、宾语从句
宾语从句位于及物动词、动词短语或介词之后。
1．宾语从句的引导词
引导词有三类：从属连词只起连接作用，不作句子成分，that无词义，whether/if意为“是否”；连接代词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语；连接副词在从句中只作状语。
从属连词
that,
whether,
if
连接代词
what,
who,
whose,
which,
whatever,
whichever,
whoever等
连接副词
how,
when,
where,
why,
wherever,
whenever等
(2018·天津卷)The
gold
medal
will
be
awarded
to
whoever
wins
the
first
place
in
the
bicycle
race.
金牌将会颁发给在自行车比赛中获得第一的任何人。
(2017·天津卷)She
asked
me
whether
I
had
returned
the
books
to
the
library,
and
I
admitted
that
I
hadn’t.
她问我是否把书还给图书馆了，我承认我还没有还。
(四川卷)Our
teachers
always
tell
us
to
believe
in
what
we
do
and
who
we
are
if
we
want
to
succeed.
我们的老师总是告诉我们，如果我们想成功的话，就要相信我们所做的事情以及我们自己。
(山东卷)We’ve
offered
her
the
job,
but
I
don’t
know
whether
she’ll
accept
it.
我们已经给她提供了工作，但我不知道她是否会接受。
【名师点津】
(1)that引导宾语从句时，常被省去，但下列情况下不能省略：
①that从句作介词的宾语时；②动词后跟有多个that引导的宾语从句时，只有第一个that可以省略，从第二个从句开始that不可省略；③主句谓语动词(包括非谓语动词)与宾语从句之间有插入语时；④that引导的从句位于句首时。
(2)在介词后的宾语从句中，连接词表示“是否”时，只用whether，不用if。
2．it作形式宾语的宾语从句
①动词find/feel/think/consider/make＋it＋宾补(形容词或名词)＋不定式/that从句
②动词hate/like/dislike/appreciate/enjoy＋it＋that从句
③短语动词see
to/depend
on/rely
on＋it＋that从句
④固定搭配take
it
for
granted/owe
it
to
sb.＋that从句
I
shall
see
to
it
that
he
is
taken
good
care
of
when
you
are
absent. 你不在的时候，我负责把他照顾好。
I
think
it
necessary
that
we
take
plenty
of
boiled
water
every
day. 我认为我们每天多喝白开水是有必要的。
【名师点津】
宾语从句的时态：一般情况下，宾语从句需与主句的时态保持一致，即当主句是一般现在时时，从句可根据具体情况选用合适的时态；当主句为过去的某种时态时，从句需用相应的过去的某种时态；当从句的内容为真理或客观事实时，从句需用一般现在时。
考点三、表语从句
在句中作表语的从句称为表语从句。表语从句位于系动词之后。
1．表语从句的引导词
引导词有三类：从属连词只起连接作用，不作句子成分；连接代词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语；连接副词在从句中只作状语。
从属连词
that,
whether,
if
连接代词
what,
who,
whose,
which,
whatever,
whichever,
whoever等
连接副词
how,
when,
where,
why,
wherever,
whenever等
(2018·北京卷)This
is
what
my
father
has
taught
me—to
always
face
difficulties
and
hope
for
the
best. 这是我父亲教我的——总是要面对困难，并抱最大的希望。
(北京卷)The
best
moment
for
the
football
star
was
when
he
scored
the
winning
goal.
这个足球明星最美好的时刻是他射进制胜球的时候。
(上海卷)The
most
important
result
for
the
user
is
that
the
product
does
what
is
intended.
对用户来说最重要的是产品达到了预期的效果。
2．其他连接词引导的表语从句
(1)as
if/as
though引导表语从句
as
if/as
though意为“好像，仿佛”，其引导的表语从句常跟在系动词(be动词，
seem,
appear,
look,
taste,
sound,
feel,
smell等)之后。若表语从句所述的是非真实的情况，从句用虚拟语气；若所述的是事实或是极可能发生的情况，从句用陈述语气。
The
thick
smog
covered
the
whole
city.It
was
as
if
a
great
black
blanket
had
been
thrown
over
it.
厚重的烟雾覆盖着整个城市，好像把一张厚厚的黑色毯子扔到它的上面。
(2)because，why引导的表语从句
①This/That/It
is
why＋表语从句(表结果)，意为“这/那就是……的原因”
②This/That/It
is
because＋表语从句(表原因)，意为“这/那是因为……”
③The
reason
why...is
that＋表语从句，意为“……的原因是……”
(安徽卷)From
space,
the
earth
looks
blue.This
is
because
about
seventy?one
percent
of
its
surface
is
covered
by
water. 从太空中看，地球是蓝色的。这是因为地球表面约百分之七十一都被水覆盖着。
He
didn’t
work
hard.That’s
why
he
was
fired.
他没有努力工作。那就是他被解雇的原因。
考点四、同位语从句
1．同位语从句的引导词
同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语，一般位于该名词之后，说明该名词的具体内容。其引导词主要有that,
whether,
why,
who,
where,
how,
when等。在同位语从句中，that和whether不作句子成分，that无词义，whether表示“是否”；if不能引导同位语从句。引导同位语从句的连接词一般都不能省略。
(天津卷)The
manager
put
forward
a
suggestion
that
we
should
have
an
assistant.There
is
too
much
work
to
do.
经理提出一个建议，我们应该有个助手。有太多的工作要做。
He
asked
her
the
question
whether
they
can
be
friends.
他问了一个问题：他们能否成为朋友。
You
have
no
idea
how
worried
I
was!
你不知道我有多着急！
2．常跟同位语从句的名词
后常跟同位语从句的名词有advice,
fact,
doubt,
suggestion,
hope,
demand,
conclusion,
idea,
news,
order,
request,
thought,
word,
wish,
promise,
truth,
information,
message,
belief,
report,
desire,
problem,
possibility等。
(辽宁卷)When
the
news
came
that
the
war
broke
out,
he
decided
to
serve
in
the
army.
当战争爆发的消息传来时，他决定去参军。
(浙江卷)I
made
a
promise
to
myself
that
this
year,
my
first
year
in
high
school,
would
be
different. 我对自己承诺：今年，也就是我高中的第一年，会有所不同。
跟踪检测·迁移应用
练模拟，练规范，夯基提能
I.高考真题诊断·单句语法填空
1.(2019全国卷Ⅰ)While
they
are
rare
north
of
88°，there
is
evidence
________
they
range
all
the
way
across
the
Arctic,
and
as
far
south
as
James
Bay
in
Canada.
2.(2018全国卷Ⅲ)I’m
not
sure
________
is
more
frightened,
me
or
the
female
gorilla(大猩猩)
that
suddenly
appears
out
of
nowhere.
3.(2020全国新高考I）Write
a
poem
about
________how
courage,
determination,
and
strength
have
helped
you
face
challenges
in
your
life.
4.(2018全国卷I）Ten
years
after
my
chess
class
with
Ashley,
I'm
still
putting
to
use
________he
taught
me.
5.(2018全国卷I）Adults
understand
________
what
it
feels
like
to
be
flooded
with
objects.
II.精选典题名词性从句专题对点训练·单句语法填空
6.(2020·浏阳六校联考)A
typical
Chinese
wedding
nowadays
goes
like
this:
when
a
new
couple
is
engaged,
_________follows
is
a
choice
of
the
date
of
their
marriage.
7.(2020·北京朝阳期中)So
the
next
time
I
see
that
person
I
also
see
the
name
on
his
or
her
face,
and
that
is
_________I
never
forget
a
name.
8.(2020·河北衡水中学一调)There
is
no
doubt
_________the
event
will
attract
more
visitors
to
enjoy
visiting
this
wonderful
city.
9.(2020·洛阳期中)After
being
designated
as
the
first
special
economic
zone
in
China,
_________was
once
a
fishing
village
has
rapidly
become
an
emerging
modern
city.
10.(2020·北京顺义二模)I
lost
my
wallet
after
going
shopping
last
Friday
evening.But
I
couldn’t
remember
_________I
lost
it.
11.(2020·湖北重点高中联合协作体期中)Experts
hold
the
opinion
_________a
small
amount
of
stress
can
be
good
in
exams.
12.(2020·哈尔滨三中二调)The
impact
and
ultimate
result
depend
on
_________you
do
with
the
difficulties
that
you
have.
13.(2020·哈尔滨六中二模)In
Martin’s
world,
we
are
not
sure
_________the
good
will
win
in
the
end
or
not.
14.(2020·吉林普通高中调研)It
is
possible
_________caffeine
may
cause
birth
defects(缺陷)
in
humans,
too.
15.(2020·济宁二模)Young
women
seem
to
perform
worse
than
men
on
high?level
math
tests.That
is
_________has
confused
the
educators
for
ages.
III.精选典题名词性从句专题对点训练·单句改错
16.Everyone
in
the
village
is
very
friendly;
it
doesn’t
matter
that
you
have
lived
there
for
a
short
or
a
long
time.
17.Which
impresses
me
most
is
Miss
Zhang’s
way
of
teaching.
18.
The
first
reason
why
I
consider
him
as
my
best
friend
is
because
he
has
a
very
warm
personality.
19.
Today，English
is
which
my
strength
lies.
And
I’m
grateful
to
my
English
teacher.
20.It’s
not
easy
for
us
to
accept
the
fact
which
we
are
going
to
leave
our
beloved
school.
IV.精选典题名词性从句专题对点训练·短文语法填空
It
was
reported___21___there
was
an
accident
at
the
corner
of
Roman
Street
this
morning.
No
one
saw___22___on
earth
happened
then.
A
car
ran
into
a
truck
but
fortunately,
nobody
got
injured.___23___is
responsible
for
the
accident
is
still
under
investigation.
The
police
are
uncertain
about___24___the
driver
is
guilty.
___25___the
police
should
do
now
is
___26___they
must
find
out
what
led
to
the
accident.
They
said
it
was
difficult
for
them
to
judge
because___27___the
accident
happened
was
not
clear.
Perhaps
the
reason
was
___28___
the
driver
was
too
tired
to
stop
the
car
in
time.
The
driver
didn't
admit
the
fact___29___he
was
driving
too
fast
at
the
turning.
The
police
doubted___30___what
he
said
was
true
and
decided
to
make
a
further
investigation.
