2021届高考二轮英语备考专项冲刺
专题14
【状语从句】语法增分攻略原题版
解题指导·触类旁通
寻方法，求策略，掌握“套路”
1．确定是状语从句
设空前后两个句子之间含有一定的逻辑关系时，应用状语从句的引导词。
2．两个关键点突破状语从句
(1)重点关注几组引导词用法
原因状语从句
as,
because,
since,
now
that
地点状语从句
where,
wherever
目的状语从句
so
that,
in
order
that,
for
fear
that,
in
case
结果状语从句
so
that,
so
...
that
...,
such
...
that
...
条件状语从句
if,
unless,
so/as
long
as,
in
case
让步状语从句
though/although/while,
as,
even
if/though,
however,
whether
...
or
...,
whatever,
whoever,
no
matter
how/what/which
(2)利用时间先后法巧定时间状语从句引导词
①动作同时发生：
when、
whenever、
while、
as等。
②动作接连发生：
as
soon
as、
the
minute、
immediately、
once等。
③先后发生：
before、
after等。
④动作的延续：
since。
⑤动作的终止或开始：
till/until。
3．状语从句易错点：
①such
...
that
...
结构中such修饰名词；so
...
that
...结构中so修饰形容词或副词。
②so＋many/much/few/little(少)＋名词＋that
...
③the
moment/the
instant/every
time/immediately
等相当于连词，引导时间状语从句，不能与when连用。
④not
...
until中的not可能换为never,
no等表否定的词构成陷阱。
4.析三大从句，辨七大易混点
易混点(一) 定语从句和并列句
1．She
has
many
novels,
some
of
____________
are
interesting.
2．She
has
many
novels,
and
some
of
____________
are
interesting.
[分析]
1.which which引导定语从句，修饰先行词novels,
“some
of
which”在从句中作主语。
2．them 此句为and引导的并列句。
[点拨] 定语从句与并列句的主要区别：句中若有and,
but,
so等并列连词或分号则为并列句，此时不需要再填引导词。
易混点(二) 定语从句和状语从句
1.①We
young
people
should
go
to
the
place
____________
is
in
need
of
help.
②We
young
people
should
go
____________
we’re
most
needed.
[分析]
①which/that 关系代词which/that引导定语从句，修饰先行词“the
place”，且在从句中作主语。
②where where引导地点状语从句，修饰主句谓语动词go。
[点拨] 定语从句与地点状语从句的主要区别：定语从句有表示地点的先行词，而地点状语从句则没有；定语从句修饰的是先行词，地点状语从句修饰的是谓语动词。
2.①I
will
always
remember
the
days
____________
I
lived
with
my
grandparents
in
the
countryside.
②I
always
remember
the
days
in
the
countryside
____________
I
see
the
photo
of
my
grandparents.
[分析]
①when when引导定语从句，修饰先行词“the
days”，且在从句中作状语。
②when when引导时间状语从句，修饰谓语动词remember。
[点拨] 定语从句与时间状语从句的主要区别：定语从句有表示时间的先行词，而时间状语从句则没有；定语从句修饰的是先行词，时间状语从句修饰的是谓语动词。
3.①This
is
such
an
interesting
work
of
art
____________
all
of
us
like.
②This
is
such
an
interesting
work
of
art
____________
all
of
us
like
it.
[分析]
①as such...as引导定语从句，as在定语从句中作like的宾语。
②that such...that引导结果状语从句。
[点拨] 定语从句与结果状语从句的主要区别：the
same...as与such...as引导定语从句，
as在从句中充当一定的成分；such/so...that...引导结果状语从句，that在从句中不作成分。
易混点(三) 定语从句和名词性从句
1.
①____________
is
known
to
everybody,
the
moon
travels
round
the
earth
once
every
month.
②____________
is
known
to
everybody
that
the
moon
travels
round
the
earth
once
every
month.
③____________
is
known
to
everybody
is
that
the
moon
travels
round
the
earth
once
every
month.
[分析]
①As as引导非限制性定语从句，修饰后面这句话的内容。
②It it作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。
③What what在此引导主语从句，在从句中充当主语，而后面that引导的从句则是表语从句。
1.①Anyone
____________has
helped
to
save
the
drowning
girl
is
worth
praising.
②____________
has
helped
to
save
the
drowning
girl
is
worth
praising.
[分析]
①who who在此引导定语从句并在从句中作主语。
②Whoever whoever在此引导主语从句。
[点拨] 定语从句与主语从句的区别：定语从句是形容词性从句，其作用相当于一个形容词，在整个句子中作定语，用来修饰前面的名词或代词；而主语从句的作用相当于一个名词，在整个句子中作主语。
1.
①The
mother
made
a
promise
____________
pleased
all
her
children.
②The
mother
made
a
promise
____________
she
would
buy
new
toys.
[分析]
①that/which that/which引导定语从句并在从句中作主语。
②that that引导同位语从句。
[点拨]定语从句与同位语从句的区别：定语从句是形容词性从句，其作用相当于一个形容词，用来修饰前面的名词或代词；同位语从句是名词性从句，其作用相当于一个名词，对前面的名词做进一步解释，同位语从句一般都与抽象名词同位。定语从句的引导词that在从句中充当一定的成分，可作主语、宾语、表语等，作宾语时可以省略；而同位语从句的引导词that在从句中只起连接作用，不作任何句子成分，且不能省略。
4.①My
uncle
is
the
owner
of
a
restaurant
close
to
the
place
____________
is
the
center
of
the
town.
②My
uncle
is
the
owner
of
a
restaurant
close
to
____________
I
live.
[分析]
①that/which that/which引导定语从句并在从句中作主语。
②where where引导宾语从句。
5.①Our
teacher
did
all
____________
he
could
to
help
us.
②Our
teacher
did
____________
he
could
to
help
us.
[分析]
①that that引导定语从句并在从句中作宾语。②what what引导宾语从句。
6.
①I
will
help
those
____________
are
in
need
of
help.
②I
will
help
____________
is
in
need
of
help.
[分析]
①who who引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语。
②whoever whoever引导宾语从句。
[点拨]定语从句与宾语从句的区别：定语从句一般有先行词，从句是用来说明、描述先行词的，先行词用关系代词代替，在从句中充当成分(注意是在从句中作成分，如作宾语、主语等)；而宾语从句则是整个从句在主句中作宾语，宾语从句就是主句的宾语，简单地说，动词、介词后面的从句基本上是宾语从句。
7.①She
was
not
____________
she
used
to
be.
②She
was
not
the
woman
____________
she
used
to
be.
[分析]
①what what引导表语从句。
②that that引导定语从句并在从句中作表语。
[点拨] 定语从句与表语从句的区别：表语从句是系动词后的句子；而定语从句是跟在一个名词或句子后，对名词或句子起修饰或补充说明作用的句子。
易混点(四) 定语从句和固定句型
1．It
was
the
time
____________
chinese
people
had
a
hard
life.
2．It
is
the
first
time____________
she
has
been
in
Shanghai.
[分析]
1.when when引导定语从句，并在从句中作状语。
2.that It
is
the
first/second/third...time...是固定句型。
易混点(五) 状语从句和并列句
1．____________
you
take
this
medicine,
you
will
be
all
right.
2．Take
this
medicine,
____________
you
will
be
all
right.
[分析] 1.If if引导条件状语从句。
2．and and连接两个并列句。
易混点(六) 状语从句和名词性从句
1．I’ll
try
my
best
to
help
him,
no
matter
____________
turns
to
me
for
help.
2．I
will
try
my
best
to
help
____________
turns
to
me
for
help.
3．____________
turns
to
me
for
help
is
welcome.
[分析]
1.who no
matter
who引导让步状语从句。
2.whoever whoever引导宾语从句。
3.Whoever Whoever引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语。
易混点(七) 状语从句和独立主格结构
1．____________
time
permits,
we’ll
go
camping.
2．Time____________
(permit),
we’ll
go
camping.
[分析]
1.If if引导条件状语从句。
2.permitting 本句使用的是独立主格结构，其结构为“名词＋分词”。
考点突破·针对提能
明考点，攻重难，有效提升
考点一、时间状语从句
1．when,
while和as引导的时间状语从句when
从句谓语动词为延续性动词或非延续性动词。从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生，也可以先后发生
while
从句的谓语动词为延续性动词。从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生
as
从句谓语动词一般为延续性动词。从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生或交替进行，可译为“一边……，一边……；随着……”
(江苏卷)While
some
people
are
motivated
by
a
need
for
success,
others
are
motivated
by
a
fear
of
failure.
当一些人被成功的渴望所驱动的时候，而另一些人却被失败的恐惧驱动着。
(天津卷)As
the
average
age
of
the
population
increases，there
are
more
and
more
old
people
to
care
for.
随着人口平均年龄的增长，有越来越多的老年人需要照顾。
2．表示“一……就……”的连词引导的时间状语从句
(1)as
soon
as,
the
moment,
the
minute,
the
instant,
immediately,
directly,
instantly。
(上海卷)The
moment
my
aunt
gained
her
diploma
after
four
years
of
hard
work,
she
was
filled
with
joy.
我阿姨苦读四年之后获得了文凭，那一刻她欣喜万分。
(2)在hardly...when...,
no
sooner...than...结构中，主句用过去完成时，而when，than所在的从句用一般过去时。
(大纲全国卷Ⅱ)I
had
hardly
got
to
the
office
when
my
wife
phoned
me
to
go
back
home
at
once.
我刚到办公室，妻子就打电话让我回家。
3．before,
since引导的时间状语从句
(1)
before表示“在……之前；还未……就……；还没有来得及……就……”。常用句式：It
will
be/was＋一段时间＋before...过了……时间才……；It
won’t
be/wasn’t＋一段时间＋before...没过多久就……。
(天津卷)We
need
to
get
to
the
root
of
the
problem
before
we
can
solve
it.
在我们解决问题之前，我们需要找到问题的根源。
(重庆卷)If
you
miss
this
chance,
it
may
be
years
before
you
get
another
one.
如果你错过了这次机会，可能需要很多年你才能再获得一次。
(2)since意为“自从……以来”，常用句式：It
is/has
been＋一段时间＋since从句(常用过去时)。since从句的时态若是一般过去时，主句的时态常用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。
(四川卷)As
is
reported,
it
is
100
years
since
Qinghua
University
was
founded.
正如所报道的，清华大学建校已有一百年了。
4．until/till引导的时间状语从句
until/till用于肯定句表示“直到……为止”，其主句谓语动词必须为延续性动词；not...until/till...表示“直到……才……”，not所在的主句的谓语动词必须为非延续性动词。until可用于句首，而till不能。
(2017·北京卷)
If
you
don’t
understand
something,
you
may
research,
study,
and
talk
to
other
people
until
you
figure
it
out.
如果你遇到不懂的东西，可以搜索、研究以及和其他人交谈，直到你把它弄明白。
She
didn’t
start
the
lesson
until
the
pupils
settled
down.
等学生们安静下来后，她才开始上课。
5．every
time,
each
time,
next
time,
the
first
time,
by
the
time等引导的时间状语从句
(北京卷)By
the
time
you
have
finished
this
book,
your
meal
will
get
cold.
等你看完这本书，你的饭就凉了。
考点二、让步状语从句
1．although,
though,
as和while引导的让步状语从句
(北京卷)Although
these
measures
are
not
effective
forever,
they
are
vital
for
now. 虽然这些措施并不能永远有效，但它们目前是至关重要的。
(陕西卷)Hot
as
the
night
air
was,
we
slept
deeply
because
we
were
so
tired
after
the
long
journey. 夜晚的空气虽然很热，但因为长途旅行之后很累，我们睡得很沉。
【名师点津】
(1)though引导的从句可用倒装语序，也可不用倒装语序；although引导的从句不用倒装语序；as引导的从句必须用倒装语序“表语/状语/动词原形＋as/though＋主语＋其他”，若表语是可数名词单数，前置时要省略冠词。
(2)though可用作副词，意为“然而”，表转折，置于句末。
(3)while引导让步状语从句，只能置于句首。
2．even
if与even
though
引导的让步状语从句
even
if/even
though引导让步状语从句时，表示语气更强的让步，意为“即使，即便”。
(湖南卷)Tim
is
in
good
shape
physically
even
though
he
doesn’t
get
much
exercise.
蒂姆尽管不怎么锻炼，但体形很好。
3．“疑问词＋?ever”引导的让步状语从句
wherever(what/who/whom/when/which/how)＋?ever表示“无论……”引导让步状语从句时，相当于no
matter
where
(what/who/whom/when/which/how)。
(江苏卷)It
is
generally
considered
unwise
to
give
a
child
whatever
he
or
she
wants.
总的来说，孩子想要什么就给什么是不明智的。
(湖南卷)However
hard
you
try,
it
is
difficult
to
lose
weight
without
cutting
down
the
amount
you
eat.
不管你多么努力，如果不减少饭量，减肥很难。
【名师点津】
whatever,
whoever,
whomever,
whichever还可引导名词性从句。
4．whether...or...引导的让步状语从句
whether...or...意为“无论……还是……”，提供两种对比情况。
(重庆卷)All
people,
whether
they
are
old
or
young,
rich
or
poor,
have
been
trying
their
best
to
help
those
in
need
since
the
disaster.
所有人，无论衰老还是年轻，富裕还是贫穷，都一直在尽他们所能帮助灾后需要帮助的人们。
考点三、其他状语从句
状语从句
连词
条件状语从句
if,
unless(＝if...not),
so/as
long
as(只要),
on
condition
that,
in
case(万一),
suppose/supposing,
provided/providing
原因状语从句
because,
as,
since,
now
that,
considering
that(考虑到，鉴于)
目的状语从句
so
that,
in
order
that,
in
case(以防)
结果状语从句
so
that,
so...that...,
such...that...
地点状语从句
where,
wherever
方式状语从句
as(正如，正像),
as
if/as
though(好像)
比较状语从句
than,
as...as...,
not
as/so...as...
(2019·天津卷)Tom
is
so
independent
that
he
never
asks
his
parents’
opinion
unless
he
wants
their
support.
汤姆非常独立以至于他从来不征求他父母的意见，除非他想要他们的支持。
(2017·江苏卷)Located
where
the
Belt
meets
the
Road,
Jiangsu
will
contribute
more
to
the
Belt
and
Road
construction.
江苏位于“带”和“路”的交汇处，将会对“一带一路”的建设做出更大的贡献。
(浙江卷)Just
as
a
single
word
can
change
the
meaning
of
a
sentence,
a
single
sentence
can
change
the
meaning
of
a
paragraph.
正如单个单词可以改变一句话的意思那样，单个句子也能改变一段文字的意思。
(山东卷)He
had
his
camera
ready
in
case
he
saw
something
that
would
make
a
good
picture.
他准备好了照相机，以防看到一些他能够拍成好照片的东西。
跟踪检测·迁移应用
练模拟，练规范，夯基提能
I.高考真题诊断·单句语法填空
1.(2020·全国I)__________he
asked
the
villagers
on
the
banks
of
the
river
where
he
could
find
the
legendary（传奇的）artist,they
smiled
and
pointed
down
the
river.
2.(2020·全国新高考I）After
high
school,
Jennifer
attended
a
local
technical
college,
working
to
pay
her
tition(学费），__________there
was
no
extra
money
set
aside
for
a
college
education.
3.(2020·全国新高考I,阅读七选五）__________it
comes
to
public
speaking,
less
is
usually
more.
4.(2020·全国I）Scientists
in
Louisiana
were
so
concerned
__________they
decided
to
pay
hunters
$5
a
tail.
5.(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)__________
while
running
regularly
can’t
make
you
live
forever,
the
review
says
it
is
more
effective
at
lengthening
life
than
walking,
cycling
or
swimming.
II.精选典题状语从句专题对点训练·单句语法填空
6.(2020·保定摸底)__________TCM
has
been
widely
accepted,
it
still
faces
challenges.
7.(2020·湖北五校期中)They
had
no
sooner
finished
the
survey
by
asking
the
parents
the
same
questions
three
years
later
__________they
found
that
18
percent
of
kids
involved
in
the
study
were
obese.
8.(2020·浙江高考模拟)As
a
general
rule,
all
forms
of
activity
lead
to
boredom
__________they
are
performed
on
a
routine
basis.
9.(2020·江西红色七校联考)Yesterday
was
a
crazy
day.I
felt
very
tired
__________I
had
tons
of
work
stuff
going
on.
10.(2020·河北武邑中学期末)When
we
reached
the
mall,
I
gave
him
the
money
and
the
smile
__________requested
and
added
a
gentle
pat
on
his
back.
11.(2020·辽南协作体二模)Therefore,
they
are
reduced
to
giving
up
__________any
realistic
results
are
achieved.
12.(2020·哈尔滨六中模拟)I
don’t
listen
to
English
music
as
frequently
__________I
listen
to
Chinese
music.
13.(2020·咸阳模拟)__________
you’re
looking
at
wallpaper
or
paint,
the
time,
effort
and
relative
expense
put
into
it
are
important.
14.(2020·东北五校联合模拟)Despite
this,
some
people
became
so
absorbed
in
the
activity__________
they
completely
forgot
to
look
at
the
clock.
15.(2020·大庆质检)Though
reading
a
lot,
according
to
Sandra,
she
didn’t
really
start
writing
__________
she
attended
her
first
creative
writing
class
in
college.
III.精选典题状语从句专题对点训练·单句改错
16.The
games
my
parents
taught
me
where
I
was
a
child
turned
out
to
be
very
useful
later
in
my
life.
17.Nowadays,
the
word
friendship
has
been
used
very
often
that
it
has
lost
its
meaning.
18.I
was
so
tired
that
I
fell
asleep
at
the
moment
my
head
touched
the
pillow.
19.In
short,
things
have
been
improving
until
the
school
began
to
carry
out
exploring
study.
20.There’ll
be
more
traffic
jam
and
temperatures
will
continue
to
rise,
so
the
problems
in
our
environment
will
get
even
worse,
if
we
do
something
now.
IV.精选典题状语从句专题对点训练·短文语法填空
My
sister
is
a
determined
girl，who
believes
that___21___long
as
she
works
hard，she
will
succeed
sooner
or
later.Hard___22___she
tries，she
fails
sometimes.
___23___time
goes
by，she
has
made
progress
in
her
studies.
It
is
two
years___24___she
enter
es
senior
high
school
and
it
will
be
one
year
___25___she
graduates
from
high
school.
Every
night
she
doesn't
go
to
bed___26__eleven
o'clock.
She
won't
give
up
learning___27___she
falls
ill.
She
works
so
hard___28__I
admire
her
a
lot.
___29___she
is
at
school
or
at
home，she
won't
change
her
mind
that
she
will
be
admitted
to
a
key
university.
___30___happens
or
wherever
she
goes，she
keeps
her
duty
in
mind.2021届高考二轮英语备考专项冲刺
专题14
【状语从句】语法增分攻略解析版
解题指导·触类旁通
寻方法，求策略，掌握“套路”
1．确定是状语从句
设空前后两个句子之间含有一定的逻辑关系时，应用状语从句的引导词。
2．两个关键点突破状语从句
(1)重点关注几组引导词用法
原因状语从句
as,
because,
since,
now
that
地点状语从句
where,
wherever
目的状语从句
so
that,
in
order
that,
for
fear
that,
in
case
结果状语从句
so
that,
so
...
that
...,
such
...
that
...
条件状语从句
if,
unless,
so/as
long
as,
in
case
让步状语从句
though/although/while,
as,
even
if/though,
however,
whether
...
or
...,
whatever,
whoever,
no
matter
how/what/which
(2)利用时间先后法巧定时间状语从句引导词
①动作同时发生：
when、
whenever、
while、
as等。
②动作接连发生：
as
soon
as、
the
minute、
immediately、
once等。
③先后发生：
before、
after等。
④动作的延续：
since。
⑤动作的终止或开始：
till/until。
3．状语从句易错点：
①such
...
that
...
结构中such修饰名词；so
...
that
...结构中so修饰形容词或副词。
②so＋many/much/few/little(少)＋名词＋that
...
③the
moment/the
instant/every
time/immediately
等相当于连词，引导时间状语从句，不能与when连用。
④not
...
until中的not可能换为never,
no等表否定的词构成陷阱。
4.析三大从句，辨七大易混点
易混点(一) 定语从句和并列句
1．She
has
many
novels,
some
of
____________
are
interesting.
2．She
has
many
novels,
and
some
of
____________
are
interesting.
[分析]
1.which which引导定语从句，修饰先行词novels,
“some
of
which”在从句中作主语。
2．them 此句为and引导的并列句。
[点拨] 定语从句与并列句的主要区别：句中若有and,
but,
so等并列连词或分号则为并列句，此时不需要再填引导词。
易混点(二) 定语从句和状语从句
1.①We
young
people
should
go
to
the
place
____________
is
in
need
of
help.
②We
young
people
should
go
____________
we’re
most
needed.
[分析]
①which/that 关系代词which/that引导定语从句，修饰先行词“the
place”，且在从句中作主语。
②where where引导地点状语从句，修饰主句谓语动词go。
[点拨] 定语从句与地点状语从句的主要区别：定语从句有表示地点的先行词，而地点状语从句则没有；定语从句修饰的是先行词，地点状语从句修饰的是谓语动词。
2.①I
will
always
remember
the
days
____________
I
lived
with
my
grandparents
in
the
countryside.
②I
always
remember
the
days
in
the
countryside
____________
I
see
the
photo
of
my
grandparents.
[分析]
①when when引导定语从句，修饰先行词“the
days”，且在从句中作状语。
②when when引导时间状语从句，修饰谓语动词remember。
[点拨] 定语从句与时间状语从句的主要区别：定语从句有表示时间的先行词，而时间状语从句则没有；定语从句修饰的是先行词，时间状语从句修饰的是谓语动词。
3.①This
is
such
an
interesting
work
of
art
____________
all
of
us
like.
②This
is
such
an
interesting
work
of
art
____________
all
of
us
like
it.
[分析]
①as such...as引导定语从句，as在定语从句中作like的宾语。
②that such...that引导结果状语从句。
[点拨] 定语从句与结果状语从句的主要区别：the
same...as与such...as引导定语从句，
as在从句中充当一定的成分；such/so...that...引导结果状语从句，that在从句中不作成分。
易混点(三) 定语从句和名词性从句
1.
①____________
is
known
to
everybody,
the
moon
travels
round
the
earth
once
every
month.
②____________
is
known
to
everybody
that
the
moon
travels
round
the
earth
once
every
month.
③____________
is
known
to
everybody
is
that
the
moon
travels
round
the
earth
once
every
month.
[分析]
①As as引导非限制性定语从句，修饰后面这句话的内容。
②It it作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。
③What what在此引导主语从句，在从句中充当主语，而后面that引导的从句则是表语从句。
1.①Anyone
____________has
helped
to
save
the
drowning
girl
is
worth
praising.
②____________
has
helped
to
save
the
drowning
girl
is
worth
praising.
[分析]
①who who在此引导定语从句并在从句中作主语。
②Whoever whoever在此引导主语从句。
[点拨] 定语从句与主语从句的区别：定语从句是形容词性从句，其作用相当于一个形容词，在整个句子中作定语，用来修饰前面的名词或代词；而主语从句的作用相当于一个名词，在整个句子中作主语。
1.
①The
mother
made
a
promise
____________
pleased
all
her
children.
②The
mother
made
a
promise
____________
she
would
buy
new
toys.
[分析]
①that/which that/which引导定语从句并在从句中作主语。
②that that引导同位语从句。
[点拨]定语从句与同位语从句的区别：定语从句是形容词性从句，其作用相当于一个形容词，用来修饰前面的名词或代词；同位语从句是名词性从句，其作用相当于一个名词，对前面的名词做进一步解释，同位语从句一般都与抽象名词同位。定语从句的引导词that在从句中充当一定的成分，可作主语、宾语、表语等，作宾语时可以省略；而同位语从句的引导词that在从句中只起连接作用，不作任何句子成分，且不能省略。
4.①My
uncle
is
the
owner
of
a
restaurant
close
to
the
place
____________
is
the
center
of
the
town.
②My
uncle
is
the
owner
of
a
restaurant
close
to
____________
I
live.
[分析]
①that/which that/which引导定语从句并在从句中作主语。
②where where引导宾语从句。
5.①Our
teacher
did
all
____________
he
could
to
help
us.
②Our
teacher
did
____________
he
could
to
help
us.
[分析]
①that that引导定语从句并在从句中作宾语。②what what引导宾语从句。
6.
①I
will
help
those
____________
are
in
need
of
help.
②I
will
help
____________
is
in
need
of
help.
[分析]
①who who引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语。
②whoever whoever引导宾语从句。
[点拨]定语从句与宾语从句的区别：定语从句一般有先行词，从句是用来说明、描述先行词的，先行词用关系代词代替，在从句中充当成分(注意是在从句中作成分，如作宾语、主语等)；而宾语从句则是整个从句在主句中作宾语，宾语从句就是主句的宾语，简单地说，动词、介词后面的从句基本上是宾语从句。
7.①She
was
not
____________
she
used
to
be.
②She
was
not
the
woman
____________
she
used
to
be.
[分析]
①what what引导表语从句。
②that that引导定语从句并在从句中作表语。
[点拨] 定语从句与表语从句的区别：表语从句是系动词后的句子；而定语从句是跟在一个名词或句子后，对名词或句子起修饰或补充说明作用的句子。
易混点(四) 定语从句和固定句型
1．It
was
the
time
____________
chinese
people
had
a
hard
life.
2．It
is
the
first
time____________
she
has
been
in
Shanghai.
[分析]
1.when when引导定语从句，并在从句中作状语。
2.that It
is
the
first/second/third...time...是固定句型。
易混点(五) 状语从句和并列句
1．____________
you
take
this
medicine,
you
will
be
all
right.
2．Take
this
medicine,
____________
you
will
be
all
right.
[分析] 1.If if引导条件状语从句。
2．and and连接两个并列句。
易混点(六) 状语从句和名词性从句
1．I’ll
try
my
best
to
help
him,
no
matter
____________
turns
to
me
for
help.
2．I
will
try
my
best
to
help
____________
turns
to
me
for
help.
3．____________
turns
to
me
for
help
is
welcome.
[分析]
1.who no
matter
who引导让步状语从句。
2.whoever whoever引导宾语从句。
3.Whoever Whoever引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语。
易混点(七) 状语从句和独立主格结构
1．____________
time
permits,
we’ll
go
camping.
2．Time____________
(permit),
we’ll
go
camping.
[分析]
1.If if引导条件状语从句。
2.permitting 本句使用的是独立主格结构，其结构为“名词＋分词”。
考点突破·针对提能
明考点，攻重难，有效提升
考点一、时间状语从句
1．when,
while和as引导的时间状语从句
when
从句谓语动词为延续性动词或非延续性动词。从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生，也可以先后发生
while
从句的谓语动词为延续性动词。从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生
as
从句谓语动词一般为延续性动词。从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生或交替进行，可译为“一边……，一边……；随着……”
(江苏卷)While
some
people
are
motivated
by
a
need
for
success,
others
are
motivated
by
a
fear
of
failure.
当一些人被成功的渴望所驱动的时候，而另一些人却被失败的恐惧驱动着。
(天津卷)As
the
average
age
of
the
population
increases，there
are
more
and
more
old
people
to
care
for.
随着人口平均年龄的增长，有越来越多的老年人需要照顾。
2．表示“一……就……”的连词引导的时间状语从句
(1)as
soon
as,
the
moment,
the
minute,
the
instant,
immediately,
directly,
instantly。
(上海卷)The
moment
my
aunt
gained
her
diploma
after
four
years
of
hard
work,
she
was
filled
with
joy.
我阿姨苦读四年之后获得了文凭，那一刻她欣喜万分。
(2)在hardly...when...,
no
sooner...than...结构中，主句用过去完成时，而when，than所在的从句用一般过去时。
(大纲全国卷Ⅱ)I
had
hardly
got
to
the
office
when
my
wife
phoned
me
to
go
back
home
at
once.
我刚到办公室，妻子就打电话让我回家。
3．before,
since引导的时间状语从句
(1)
before表示“在……之前；还未……就……；还没有来得及……就……”。常用句式：It
will
be/was＋一段时间＋before...过了……时间才……；It
won’t
be/wasn’t＋一段时间＋before...没过多久就……。
(天津卷)We
need
to
get
to
the
root
of
the
problem
before
we
can
solve
it.
在我们解决问题之前，我们需要找到问题的根源。
(重庆卷)If
you
miss
this
chance,
it
may
be
years
before
you
get
another
one.
如果你错过了这次机会，可能需要很多年你才能再获得一次。
(2)since意为“自从……以来”，常用句式：It
is/has
been＋一段时间＋since从句(常用过去时)。since从句的时态若是一般过去时，主句的时态常用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。
(四川卷)As
is
reported,
it
is
100
years
since
Qinghua
University
was
founded.
正如所报道的，清华大学建校已有一百年了。
4．until/till引导的时间状语从句
until/till用于肯定句表示“直到……为止”，其主句谓语动词必须为延续性动词；not...until/till...表示“直到……才……”，not所在的主句的谓语动词必须为非延续性动词。until可用于句首，而till不能。
(2017·北京卷)
If
you
don’t
understand
something,
you
may
research,
study,
and
talk
to
other
people
until
you
figure
it
out.
如果你遇到不懂的东西，可以搜索、研究以及和其他人交谈，直到你把它弄明白。
She
didn’t
start
the
lesson
until
the
pupils
settled
down.
等学生们安静下来后，她才开始上课。
5．every
time,
each
time,
next
time,
the
first
time,
by
the
time等引导的时间状语从句
(北京卷)By
the
time
you
have
finished
this
book,
your
meal
will
get
cold.
等你看完这本书，你的饭就凉了。
考点二、让步状语从句
1．although,
though,
as和while引导的让步状语从句
(北京卷)Although
these
measures
are
not
effective
forever,
they
are
vital
for
now. 虽然这些措施并不能永远有效，但它们目前是至关重要的。
(陕西卷)Hot
as
the
night
air
was,
we
slept
deeply
because
we
were
so
tired
after
the
long
journey. 夜晚的空气虽然很热，但因为长途旅行之后很累，我们睡得很沉。
【名师点津】
(1)though引导的从句可用倒装语序，也可不用倒装语序；although引导的从句不用倒装语序；as引导的从句必须用倒装语序“表语/状语/动词原形＋as/though＋主语＋其他”，若表语是可数名词单数，前置时要省略冠词。
(2)though可用作副词，意为“然而”，表转折，置于句末。
(3)while引导让步状语从句，只能置于句首。
2．even
if与even
though
引导的让步状语从句
even
if/even
though引导让步状语从句时，表示语气更强的让步，意为“即使，即便”。
(湖南卷)Tim
is
in
good
shape
physically
even
though
he
doesn’t
get
much
exercise.
蒂姆尽管不怎么锻炼，但体形很好。
3．“疑问词＋?ever”引导的让步状语从句
wherever(what/who/whom/when/which/how)＋?ever表示“无论……”引导让步状语从句时，相当于no
matter
where
(what/who/whom/when/which/how)。
(江苏卷)It
is
generally
considered
unwise
to
give
a
child
whatever
he
or
she
wants.
总的来说，孩子想要什么就给什么是不明智的。
(湖南卷)However
hard
you
try,
it
is
difficult
to
lose
weight
without
cutting
down
the
amount
you
eat.
不管你多么努力，如果不减少饭量，减肥很难。
【名师点津】
whatever,
whoever,
whomever,
whichever还可引导名词性从句。
4．whether...or...引导的让步状语从句
whether...or...意为“无论……还是……”，提供两种对比情况。
(重庆卷)All
people,
whether
they
are
old
or
young,
rich
or
poor,
have
been
trying
their
best
to
help
those
in
need
since
the
disaster.
所有人，无论衰老还是年轻，富裕还是贫穷，都一直在尽他们所能帮助灾后需要帮助的人们。
考点三、其他状语从句
状语从句
连词
条件状语从句
if,
unless(＝if...not),
so/as
long
as(只要),
on
condition
that,
in
case(万一),
suppose/supposing,
provided/providing
原因状语从句
because,
as,
since,
now
that,
considering
that(考虑到，鉴于)
目的状语从句
so
that,
in
order
that,
in
case(以防)
结果状语从句
so
that,
so...that...,
such...that...
地点状语从句
where,
wherever
方式状语从句
as(正如，正像),
as
if/as
though(好像)
比较状语从句
than,
as...as...,
not
as/so...as...
(2019·天津卷)Tom
is
so
independent
that
he
never
asks
his
parents’
opinion
unless
he
wants
their
support.
汤姆非常独立以至于他从来不征求他父母的意见，除非他想要他们的支持。
(2017·江苏卷)Located
where
the
Belt
meets
the
Road,
Jiangsu
will
contribute
more
to
the
Belt
and
Road
construction.
江苏位于“带”和“路”的交汇处，将会对“一带一路”的建设做出更大的贡献。
(浙江卷)Just
as
a
single
word
can
change
the
meaning
of
a
sentence,
a
single
sentence
can
change
the
meaning
of
a
paragraph.
正如单个单词可以改变一句话的意思那样，单个句子也能改变一段文字的意思。
(山东卷)He
had
his
camera
ready
in
case
he
saw
something
that
would
make
a
good
picture.
他准备好了照相机，以防看到一些他能够拍成好照片的东西。
跟踪检测·迁移应用
练模拟，练规范，夯基提能
I.高考真题诊断·单句语法填空
1.(2020·全国I)__________he
asked
the
villagers
on
the
banks
of
the
river
where
he
could
find
the
legendary（传奇的）artist,they
smiled
and
pointed
down
the
river.
2.(2020·全国新高考I）After
high
school,
Jennifer
attended
a
local
technical
college,
working
to
pay
her
tition(学费），__________there
was
no
extra
money
set
aside
for
a
college
education.
3.(2020·全国新高考I）__________it
comes
to
public
speaking,
less
is
usually
more.
4.(2020·全国I）Scientists
in
Louisiana
were
so
concerned
__________they
decided
to
pay
hunters
$5
a
tail.
5.(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)__________
while
running
regularly
can’t
make
you
live
forever,
the
review
says
it
is
more
effective
at
lengthening
life
than
walking,
cycling
or
swimming.
【答案详解】
1.答案：
As/When
when/as
解析：As/When
when/as引导时间状语从句，表示：“当·····的时候”。句意：他问在河岸上的村民们在哪他能找到那位传奇的艺术家,他们笑了笑,指向河的下游。
2.答案：because
解析：根据语境可知，上下文为因果关系，空后内容表示原因，故填because。句意：高中毕业后,珍妮弗参加了当地的技术学院,工作来支付她的学费
,因为没有额外的钱留给了大学教育。
3.答案：When
解析：When
it
comes
to...“当提及／谈到......”。句意：当提及对于公众演讲来说，少即是多。
4.答案：that
解析：考查结果状语从句，so...that...“如此······,以至于····..”，为固定搭配。句意：路易斯安那州的科学家如此担心以至于他们决定每条尾巴付给猎人5美元。
5.答案：While
解析：while引导的让步状语从句。句意：尽管定期跑步不能让你长生不死，但这篇综述称，在延长寿命方面，跑步比走路、骑自行车或游泳更有效。
II.精选典题状语从句专题对点训练·单句语法填空
6.(2020·保定摸底)__________TCM
has
been
widely
accepted,
it
still
faces
challenges.
7.(2020·湖北五校期中)They
had
no
sooner
finished
the
survey
by
asking
the
parents
the
same
questions
three
years
later
__________they
found
that
18
percent
of
kids
involved
in
the
study
were
obese.
8.(2020·浙江高考模拟)As
a
general
rule,
all
forms
of
activity
lead
to
boredom
__________they
are
performed
on
a
routine
basis.
9.(2020·江西红色七校联考)Yesterday
was
a
crazy
day.I
felt
very
tired
__________I
had
tons
of
work
stuff
going
on.
10.(2020·河北武邑中学期末)When
we
reached
the
mall,
I
gave
him
the
money
and
the
smile
__________requested
and
added
a
gentle
pat
on
his
back.
11.(2020·辽南协作体二模)Therefore,
they
are
reduced
to
giving
up
__________any
realistic
results
are
achieved.
12.(2020·哈尔滨六中模拟)I
don’t
listen
to
English
music
as
frequently
__________I
listen
to
Chinese
music.
13.(2020·咸阳模拟)__________
you’re
looking
at
wallpaper
or
paint,
the
time,
effort
and
relative
expense
put
into
it
are
important.
14.(2020·东北五校联合模拟)Despite
this,
some
people
became
so
absorbed
in
the
activity__________
they
completely
forgot
to
look
at
the
clock.
15.(2020·大庆质检)Though
reading
a
lot,
according
to
Sandra,
she
didn’t
really
start
writing
__________
she
attended
her
first
creative
writing
class
in
college.
【答案详解】
6.答案：Although/Though/While
解析：although,
though,
和while引导的让步状语从句，表示“尽管，虽然”，。句意：虽然中医已经被广泛接受，但它仍然面临着挑战。
7.答案：than
解析：“no
sooner...than+时间状语从句”结构中，主句用过去完成时，而when，than所在的从句用一般过去时。句意：他们在三年后通过问父母同样的问题完成调查后，发现参与研究的孩子中有18%是肥胖的。
8.答案：if
解析：if引导条件状语从句，句意：一般来说，任何形式的活动如果是例行公事，都会让人感到无聊。
9.答案：because
解析：because引导原因状语从句，昨天是疯狂的一天。我感到很累，因为我有很多工作要做。
10.答案：as
解析：根据语境可知，设空处需用as引导方式状语从句。句意：当我们到达商场时，我按照他的要求给了他钱和微笑，还轻轻地拍了拍他的背。
11.答案：before
解析：根据语境可知，设空处需用before引导时间状语从句。句意：因此，在取得任何现实的结果之前，他们就会放弃。
12.答案：as
解析：not
as
......as
.....+比较状语从句，用于同等程度的比较，表示“不如......”句意：我听英语音乐不像听中国音乐那么频繁。
13.答案：Whether
解析：whether...or...引导的让步状语从句，意为“无论……还是……”，提供两种对比情况。句意：无论你是在看墙纸还是油漆，投入的时间、精力和相关费用都是重要的。
14.答案：that
解析：so......that
+结果状语从句。句意：尽管如此，有些人还是太专注于这项活动，完全忘记了看钟。
15.答案：until
解析：设空处需用not
until+时间状语从句，表示“直到……才……”，not所在的主句的谓语动词必须为非延续性动词。句意：桑德拉说，虽然她读了很多书，但直到上了大学里的第一堂创意写作课，她才真正开始写作。
III.精选典题状语从句专题对点训练·单句改错
16.The
games
my
parents
taught
me
where
I
was
a
child
turned
out
to
be
very
useful
later
in
my
life.
17.Nowadays,
the
word
friendship
has
been
used
very
often
that
it
has
lost
its
meaning.
18.I
was
so
tired
that
I
fell
asleep
at
the
moment
my
head
touched
the
pillow.
19.In
short,
things
have
been
improving
until
the
school
began
to
carry
out
exploring
study.
20.There’ll
be
more
traffic
jam
and
temperatures
will
continue
to
rise,
so
the
problems
in
our
environment
will
get
even
worse,
if
we
do
something
now.
【答案详解】
16.答案：where→when
解析：关系副词的错用，根据语境可知应该用where改为when引导时间状语从句。
句意：我小时候父母教给我的游戏在我以后的生活中非常有用。
17.答案：very→so
解析：常见固定搭配的错用，句中应用so......that
+结果状语从句。句意：如今，“友谊”这个词已经被经常使用，它已经失去了它的意义。
18.答案：删除at
解析：名词短语the
moment用作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“一.....就......”，名词短语前不用介词。句意：我太累了，头一碰到枕头就睡着了。
19.答案：until→since
解析：引导词的误用since引导时间状语从句。句意：总之，自从学校开始开展探索性学习，情况一直在改善。
20.答案：if→unless
解析：根据语境可知，此处考查条件状语从句，
应该将if改为unless，unless=if...not
意为“除非···
,如果不···”句意：如果我们现在不采取任何措施，会有更多的交通堵塞，气温会继续上升，所以我们的环境问题会变得更糟。
IV.精选典题状语从句专题对点训练·短文语法填空
My
sister
is
a
determined
girl，who
believes
that___21___long
as
she
works
hard，she
will
succeed
sooner
or
later.Hard___22___she
tries，she
fails
sometimes.
___23___time
goes
by，she
has
made
progress
in
her
studies.
It
is
two
years___24___she
enter
es
senior
high
school
and
it
will
be
one
year
___25___she
graduates
from
high
school.
Every
night
she
doesn't
go
to
bed___26__eleven
o'clock.
She
won't
give
up
learning___27___she
falls
ill.
She
works
so
hard___28__I
admire
her
a
lot.
___29___she
is
at
school
or
at
home，she
won't
change
her
mind
that
she
will
be
admitted
to
a
key
university.
___30___happens
or
wherever
she
goes，she
keeps
her
duty
in
mind.
【语篇解读】本文记叙了作者的妹妹非常有决心，每天都努力学习，立志考一个重点大学的故事
21.
答案：so/as
解析：“so/as+long+as”表示“只要…，引导条件状语从句。句意：我妹妹是
个有决心的女孩，她相信只要她努力工作，
她早晚会成功。
22.答案：as/though
解析：as/though引导的让步状语从句·根据句意：此空可填as或though。
(不能填although)。句意：虽然她很努力，还是有时会失败。
23.答案：As
解析：As在这里引导了一个时间状语从句。句意：随着时间流逝，她已经在学业上有所进步。
24.答案：since
解析：“since”在这里作为连词表示“自…以来”。句意：自她上高中以来已经有两年了。
25.答案：before
解析：“before”表示”在……之前”，作连词引导时间状语从句，根据语境
可知此空填before。句意：她还有一年从高中毕业。
26.
答案：until
解析：“not...until...”表示“直到…才…”固定搭配，故填until。句意：每天晚
上，直到11点，她才上床睡觉。
27.答案：unless
解析：“unless”表示“除非，
如果不”。句意：除非生病，
她才停止学习。
28.答案：that
解析：“so...that...”表示“如此……以致于…”。句意：她如此努力地学习以致于我非常佩服她。
29.答案：Whether
解析：
whether......or.....表示“无论......还是......”。句意：无论她是在学校还是在家，她都不会改变主意…
30.答案：Whatever
解析：Whatever引导让步状语从句。句意：无论发生什么，无论她去哪。
