2021届高考二轮英语备考专项冲刺
专题17
【阅读理解】题型增分攻略二解析版
解题指导·触类旁通
寻方法，求策略，掌握“套路”
二．做出推理和判断—推理判断题
阅读理解【推理判断题】满分攻略
命题规律
考查内容→
阅读材料中没有直接表达出来的内容，需要根据文章已有考查内容的信息，通过逻辑关系进行推敲。
正确选项特点→
①原文同义替代。②段落主题或句群的论点。③由构成对比的一方推断出另一方。
干扰项特点→
①似是而非→
A.对文章信息的简单陈述，而不是推出的结论。
B.推理一部分正确，一部分错误。
②夸大事实
③推理过度，常出现only,all,always等绝对化的词汇。
答题技巧点拨
细节推断题答
题
技
巧→
题干设置→常含有infer,conclude,indicate,suggest.
①根据题干或选项定位原文，常用一些形容词、副词和不定式意义的动词来表达，如possible,impossible,seem,
strange等。
②利用逆向思维进行推断：原文和选项正反两种说法一致。
③综合文段信息进行推断：在理解文章或者段落大意的基础上进行推断。
观点态度题答
题
技
巧→
题干设置→常含有attitude,opinion,think
about等标志词。
①正确理解文意，切勿用自己的观点来代替作者的观点。
②留意描写环境、气氛的语言及表达感情、态度或观点的词语。
表达态度常
用
词
语→
①表达积极态度：approving（赞同的）optimistic（乐观的）supportive（支持的）positive(积极的)concerned（关心的）favorable（赞同的）
②表示消极态度：critical(批评的)doubtful(怀疑的)
negative(否定的)
pessimistic(悲观的)
worried(担忧的)
uninterested(不感兴趣的）
③表示中立态度：objective
(客观的)subjective(主观的)
neutral(中立的)
indifferent(漠不关心的)
4.
写作意图题答
题
技
巧→
题干设置→常出现purpose，in
order
to,why，want
to
tell
us等标志词
在理解文章大意的基础上，根据文体特点、作者阐述问题的方法和文章语气进行推断。
文章来源&读者对象题答
题
技
巧→
题干设置→通常有find,where,who,intend等标志词。
①具备报纸、杂志、网络、科普知识、小说、广告、旅游指南、操作指南等常识。
②产品说明和药品说明类
③出现click、website的是网络。
④出现名人、娱乐方面的是杂志
⑤出现科普知识的是科技报告。
⑥出现教育内容的是教育板块。
⑦出现日期、地点和通讯社的一般是报纸。
内容预测题答
题
技
巧→
题干设置→常出现will
happen,continue
to
write,follow等词
把握作者写作思路，理清文章时间发展过程、因果关系、对比关系等、尤其要重视文章最后一段内容和文末的几句话。
考点突破·针对提能
明考点，攻重难，有效提升
熟记高频词
→
突破阅读理解词汇障碍
高考英语考前必背570个高频词
第
七
组
第
八
组
181.
subsequent
adj.
随后的；后来的182.
virtue
n.
美德；优点183.
virtual
adj.
事实上的；虚拟的184.
orient
n.
东方
vt.使适应185.
portion
n.
一部分186.
target
n.
目标；靶子
vt.
瞄准187.
portable
adj.
手提式的188.
decline
v.
拒绝；谢绝；下降189.
illusion
n.
错觉190.
likelihood
n.
可能；可能性191.
stripe
n.
条纹192.
emphasize
vt.
强调；着重193.
emotion
n.
情感；感情194.
emotional
adj.
感情的；情绪（上）的195.
awful
adj.
极坏的；威严的；可怕的196.
awkward
adj.
笨拙的；棘手的197.
clue
n.
线索；提示198.
collision
n.
碰撞；冲突199.
device
n.
装置；设备200.
devise
vt.
发明；策划；想出201.
software
n.
软件202.
lunar
adj.
月亮的；月球的；阴历的203.
submerge
vi.
潜入水中204.
tissue
n.
组织；薄纱；手巾纸205.
motivate
vt.
激励；激发206.
motive
n.
动机；目的207.
generate
vt.
产生（光、热、电等）
208.
lest
conj.
唯恐；免得209.
liable
adj.
可能的；
(to)易于...的210.
liberal
adj.自由主义的;自由的;慷慨的
211.
inevitable
adj.
不可避免的212.
naval
adj.
海军的213.
navigation
n.
航行214.
necessity
n.
必需品；必要性215.
previous
adj.
早先的；以前的216.
provision
n.规定；条款；供应品217.
pursue
vt.
追逐；追求；从事,进行218.
stale
adj.
不新鲜的；陈腐的219.
substitute
n.
代用品
vt.
代替220.
deserve
vt.
应受；应得；值得221.
discrimination
n.
歧视；辨别力222.
professional
adj.
职业的；专门的223.
nevertheless
adv.
仍然；然而；不过224.
neutral
adj.
中立的；中性的225.
spot
n.
地点；斑点
vt.
认出；发现226.
secure
adj.
安全的；可靠的227.
security
n.
安全；保障228.
scratch
v./n.
抓；搔；扒229.
talent
n.
才能；天资；人才230.
insurance
n.
保险；保险费231.
insure
vt.
给...保险；保证；确保232.
spray
v.
喷；（使）溅散233.
medium
adj.
中等的
n.
新闻媒介234.
media
n.
新闻传媒235.
auxiliary
adj.
辅助的；备用的236.
automatic
adj.
自动的pete
vi.
竞争；比赛petent
adj.
有能力的；能胜任的239.
smash
vt.
粉碎；打烂240.
distribute
vt.
分发
第
九
组
第
十
组
241.
disturb
vt.
打搅；妨碍242.
infer
v.
推论；推断243.
integrate
v.（使）成为一体;（使）合并244.
moist
adj.
潮湿245.
moisture
n.
潮湿246.
promote
vt.
促进；提升247.
region
n.
地区；范围；幅度248.
register
v./n.登记；注册249.
stable
adj.
稳定的250.
sophisticated
adj.老练的；复杂的251.
splendid
adj.
极好的；壮丽的;辉煌的252.
cancel
vt.
取消；废除253.
variable
adj.
易变的；可变的254.
prospect
n.
前景；前途；景象255.
prosperity
n.兴旺；繁荣256.
aspect
n.
方面；朝向；面貌257.
cope
vi.
(with)（成功地）应付；处理258.
core
n.
果心；核心259.
maintain
vt.
维持；保持；坚持；主张260.
mainland
n.
大陆261.
discipline
n.
纪律；惩罚；学科262.
domestic
adj.本国的；国内的；家用的263.
constant
adj.
不变的
n.
常数264.
cliff
n.
悬崖；峭壁265.
authority
n.
权威；当局266.
audio
adj.
听觉267.
attitude
n.
态度
munity
n.
社区；社会mit
vt.犯（错误、罪行）;干（坏事）ment
n./vt.
评论271.
distinguish
vt.
区分；辨别272.
distress
n.
痛苦；悲伤
vt.
使痛苦273.
facility
n.
[pl.]
设备；设施；便利274.
faculty
n.能力；系；全体教员275.
mixture
n.
混合；混合物276.
mood
n.
心情；情绪；语气277.
moral
adj.
道德上的；有道德的278.
prominent
adj.
突出的279.
substance
n.
物质；实质280.
substantial
adj.
牢固的；实质的281.
prompt
vt.
促使
adj.
敏捷的；及时的282.
passport
n.
护照283.
waist
n.
腰,腰部284.
weld
v./n.
焊接285.
yawn
vi.
打哈欠286.
yield
vi.
(to)屈服于；让出
n.
产量287.
zone
n.
地区；区域288.
strategy
n.
战略；策略289.
strategic
adj.
战略（上）的；关键的290.
tense
adj.
紧张的
v.
拉紧
n.
时态291.
tension
n.
紧张（状态）；张力292.
avenue
n.
林荫道；大街293.
available
adj.
现成可用的；可得到的parable
adj.
(with,to)可比较的
第
十
一
组
第
十
二
组
parative
adj.
比较的；相对的296.
dash
vi.
猛冲；飞奔297.
data
n.
数据；资料298.
dive
vi.
跳水；潜水299.
diverse
adj.
不同的；多种多样的300.
entitle
vt.
给...权利；给...资格301.
regulate
vt.
管理；调节302.
release
vt./n.
释放；排放；解释解脱303.
exaggerate
v.
夸大；夸张304.
evil
adj.
邪恶的；坏的305.
shrink
vi.
起皱；收缩；退缩306.
subtract
v.
减（去）307.
suburb
n.
市郊308.
subway
n.
地铁309.
survey
n./vt.
调查；勘测310.
wealthy
adj.
富裕的311.
adjust
v.
调整；调节312.
attach
vt.
系,贴；使附属313.
profit
n.
利润；益处；v.
有益于314.
profitable
adj.
有利可图的315.
slope
n.
斜坡；斜面316.
reinforce
vt.
增强；加强317.
reject
vt.
拒绝318.
fatal
adj.
致命的；重大的319.
fate
n.
命运320.
humble
adj.
谦逊的；谦虚的321.
illegal
adj.
不合法的；非法的322.
award
vt.
授予；判给
n.
奖品；奖金
323.
aware
adj.
意识到324.
column
n.
柱,圆柱；栏；专栏edy
n.
喜剧326.
dumb
adj.
哑的；沉默的327.
dump
vt.
倾卸；倾倒328.
deaf
adj.
聋的；不愿听的329.
decorate
vt.
装饰；装璜330.
principal
adj.
最重要的
n.
校长331.
vocabulary
n.
词汇（量）；词汇表332.
venture
n.风险投资v.冒险；取于333.
version
n.
版本；译本；说法334.
principle
n.
原则；原理335.
prior
adj.
优先的；在前的336.
priority
n.
优先；重点337.
prohibit
vt.
禁止；不准338.
remarkable
adj.值得注意的；非凡的339.
remedy
n./vt.
补救；医治；治疗340.
repetition
n.
重复；反复341.
vain
adj.
徒劳的；无效的342.
undertake
vt.
承担；着手做；同意343.
unique
adj.
唯一的；独特的344.
obstacle
n.
障碍（物）；妨碍345.
odd
adj.
奇特的；古怪的；奇数的346.
omit
vt.
省略347.
origin
n.
起源；出身opponent
n.
敌手；对手349.
oval
adj.
椭圆形的
n.
椭圆形350.
orchestra
n.
管弦乐队
2021年高考英语【阅读理解】题型强化训练二解析版
跟踪检测·迁移应用
练模拟，练规范，夯基提能
Test
1
Kettle’s
Yard,
Cambridge
This
modern
art
gallery
in
a
Victorian
house
was
founded
in
the
1950s
by
Jim
Ede
and
reopened
in
February,
following
a
two?year
redevelopment
by
Jamie
Fobert
Architects.
This
means
a
new
cafe,
a
four?floor
education
wing
and
improved
gallery
space
that
can
accommodate
more
visitors.
The
gallery’s
permanent
collection
includes
works
of
Joan
Miró，
Henry
Moore
and
Barbara
Hepworth.
Being
Brunel,
Bristol
To
celebrate
the
life
and
work
of
famous
civil
engineer
Isambard
Kingdom
Brunel,
Being
Brunel
opened
in
March
on
Bristol’s
harbourside.
The
museum
included
a
range
of
interactive
and
entertaining
exhibits,
including
talking
portraits
of
his
friends
and
family
and
personal
possessions,
including
an
1821
school
report.
It
is
a
good
place
for
families
to
strengthen
connections.
Royal
Academy
of
Arts,
London
The
RA
reopened
on
19
May
for
its
250th
anniversary,
following
a
renovation(翻新)
with
a
gallery
and
expanded
exhibition
programme.
These
will
include
three
galleries,
which
will
host
exhibitions
with
a
focus
on
contemporary
art
and
architecture.
The
grand
facade(正面)
of
the
Burlington
Gardens
building
has
also
been
restored—possibly
the
first
time
it’s
had
a
proper
clean
in
its
150?year
history.
V&A,
Dundee
One
of
the
most
significant
new
openings
of
the
year
will
be
Scotland’s
first
designed
museum—and
also
the
first
V&A
anywhere
outside
of
London—on
15
September.
The
museum
building
sits
on
the
River
Tay.
It
will
celebrate
Scottish
designs
and
objects
in
its
collection.
1．What
do
we
know
about
Being
Brunel?
A．It
has
a
long
school
report.
B．It
includes
three
galleries.
C．It
is
family?friendly.
D．It
possesses
permanent
collections.
2．The
purpose
of
the
RA
reopening
is________．
A．to
expand
the
exhibition
B．to
mark
its
250th
anniversary
C．to
display
contemporary
art
D．to
present
its
150?year
history
3．What
is
the
purpose
of
the
passage?
A．To
attract
more
visitors
to
the
UK.
B．To
compare
different
tourist
attractions.
C．To
describe
some
famous
museums
and
artists.
D．To
introduce
openings
of
some
famous
art
galleries
and
museums.
【解题导语】本文介绍了四个艺术画廊(博物馆)的特点、展出的内容等。
1．C 解析：细节理解题。根据Being
Brunel,
Bristol中最后一句“It
is
a
good
place
for
families
to
strengthen
connections.”可知，Being
Brunel是一个家庭友好型博物馆。故选C。
2．B 解析：细节理解题。根据Royal
Academy
of
Arts,
London部分中的“The
RA
reopened
on
19
May
for
its
250th
anniversary,
following
a
renovation(翻新)
with
a
gallery
and
expanded
exhibition
programme.”可知，RA重新开放的目的是纪念其成立250周年。故选B。
3．D 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了一些著名的艺术博物馆和画廊的开幕。故选D。
Test
2
The
Amazon
basin
region
is
home
to
about
2.5
million
insect
species,
tens
of
thousands
of
plants,
and
some
2，000
birds
and
mammals.
To
date,
at
least
40，000
plant
species,
3,000
fish,
1,294
birds,
427
mammals,
428
amphibians,
and
378
reptiles
have
been
scientifically
classified
in
the
region.
One
in
five
of
all
the
birds
in
the
world
live
in
the
Amazon
rainforest.
The
warm
and
wet
forest
has
been
in
existence
for
at
least
55
million
years,
and
thrived
even
during
glacial
periods,
allowing
for
the
evolution
of
an
unbelievable
diversity
of
species.
Radiocarbon
dating
(放射性碳定年法)
has
revealed
trees
of
10
centimeter
in
diameter
to
be
more
than
300
years
old,
and
some
trees
over
1,000
years
old,
indicating
that
untouched
forests
can
experience
unbelievable
longevity.
The
first
human
inhabitants
are
thought
to
have
settled
in
the
Amazon
region
about
11,200
years
ago.
European
explorers
arrived
in
the
16th
century,
bringing
diseases
which
traveled
faster
than
the
explorers
themselves,
killing
perhaps
as
many
as
90%
of
the
indigenous
inhabitants
(土著居民).
By
the
late
17th
century
the
Amazon
basin
was
controlled
by
Portuguese
and
Spanish
explorers.
The
Amazon
rainforests
has
been
described
as
the
lungs
of
our
planet
because
of
its
important
role
in
recycling
carbon
dioxide
into
oxygen.
But
due
to
deforestation(滥伐森林),
rain-forests
now
cover
less
than
5%
of
the
Earth’s
land
surface,
and
experts
believe
that
this
is
a
big
contributor
to
global
climate
change.
Severe
deforestation
began
in
the
20th
century,
with
587，000
square
kilometers
lost
up
to
the
year
2000.Most
deforested
land
is
used
for
grassland
to
raise
farm
animals
and
agriculture.
The
addition
of
transport
routes
has
led
to
increased
settlement
and
deforestation,
and
at
the
present
rate,
scientists
estimate
that
the
Amazon
rainforest
will
be
reduced
by
40%
in
two
decades.
1．Why
are
the
figures
mentioned
in
Paragraph
1?
A．To
prove
the
forest
untouched.
B．To
classify
species
scientifically.
C．To
show
the
diversity
of
species.
D．To
attract
more
attention
to
the
Amazon
region.
2．Why
did
most
indigenous
inhabitants
in
the
Amazon
region
die?
A．European
explorers
brought
diseases
there.
B．Portuguese
explorers
treated
them
badly.
C．A
lot
of
trees
were
cut
down
and
burned.
D．They
got
killed
by
Spanish
explorers.
3．What
can
be
inferred
about
the
Amazon
rainforest?
A．It
has
the
largest
number
of
species.
B．It
covers
over
5%
of
South
America.
C．It
is
becoming
larger
in
area.
D．It
is
being
endangered
now.
4．What
may
be
included
in
the
following
paragraph?
A．Examples
of
destroying
forests.
B．Measures
to
protect
rainforests.
C．New
settlements
in
the
Amazon
region.
D．Ways
to
stop
global
warming.
【解题导语】本文主要讲述了亚马逊热带雨林的历史、丰富的物种以及现在所面临的危险。
1．C 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的内容并结合第二段第一句中的“allowing
for
the
evolution
of
an
unbelievable
diversity
of
species”可推知，那些关于动植物种类的数字说明了亚马逊热带雨林的物种多样性，故选C。
2．A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“European
explorers
arrived
in
the
16th
century,
bringing
diseases
which
traveled
faster
than
the
explorers
themselves,
killing
perhaps
as
many
as
90%
of
the
indigenous
inhabitants(土著居民)．”可知，可能多达90%的亚马逊土著居民因为欧洲探险者所带来的疾病而死亡，故选A。
3．D 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段尾句中的“at
the
present
rate...in
two
decades”并结合最后一段的整体内容可推知，亚马逊热带雨林遭到破坏，而且未来20年可能会减少40%，故选D。
4．B 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的关键词“deforestation”可推知，亚马逊热带雨林砍伐严重，那么本文接下来自然就会论述这一问题的解决措施，故选B。
Test
3
The
world
can
be
a
scary
place
when
you’re
young.
It
can
be
even
scarier
when
you’re
a
young
little
blue
penguin(企鹅),
the
tiniest
of
the
penguin
species.
Luckily,
there
are
some
humans
willing
to
help.
They
stepped
in
to
protect
Billy,
a
blue
penguin
that
appeared
on
a
beach
in
Christchurch,
New
Zealand.
Spotted
on
November
29
at
the
slipway
at
Moncks
Bay,
near
Sumner,
in
Christchurch,
the
little
penguin
immediately
attracted
a
small
crowd.
Jeff
Mein
Smith
saw
the
crowd
while
he
was
bicycling
that
afternoon,
and
he
biked
home
to
get
his
camera.
When
he
returned
to
the
scene,
he
found
that
the
penguin
had
received
a
little
sign,
one
that
read
“Hi,
I’m
waiting
for
my
mum
to
come
back.
DOC(Department
of
Conservation)
knows
I’m
here.
Please
leave
me
alone.
Keep
your
dog
away.
Thanks,
Billy
the
baby
blue
penguin.”
Billy
didn’t
move
away
from
the
sign.
The
DOC
arrived
later
that
afternoon
to
pick
up
Billy,
though
they
were
surprised
to
see
it
on
the
beach.
“It’s
unusual
for
a
blue
penguin
to
be
out
in
the
open
on
the
beach
during
the
day，”
Anita
Spencer,
a
DOC
senior
ranger,
told
Stuff.
Billy
was
taken
to
the
Christchurch
Penguin
Rehabilitation
Center
after
being
retrieved
from
the
beach.
Volunteers
believe
the
bird
may
actually
be
a
female
penguin,
and
is
around
2
months
old.
The
chick
weighs
a
mere
550
grams,
less
than
a
standard
basketball.
A
blue
penguin
should
weigh
around
900
grams
at
this
age.
Most
little
penguins
grow
up
to
weigh
1
kilogram.
The
center
will
help
the
little
penguin
gain
some
weight
by
feeding
it
fish
juice,
before
it’s
set
free
into
the
ocean.
1．Why
can
the
world
be
frightening
to
a
young
penguin?
A．It
is
a
rare
species.
B．It
faces
potential
danger.
C．It
is
surrounded
by
the
crowd.
D．It
is
threatened
by
dogs.
2．It
can
be
inferred
from
the
text
that
Billy________．
A．is
a
female
penguin
B．has
expressed
its
thanks
C．weighs
less
for
its
age
D．prefers
living
on
the
beach
3．Which
of
the
following
can
replace
the
underlined
word
“retrieved”
in
Paragraph
4?
A．Ignored.
B．Cured.
C．Given
away.
D．Brought
back.
4．What
will
happen
to
Billy
in
the
center?
A．It
will
be
reported
to
Stuff.
B．It
will
be
visited
by
the
locals.
C．It
will
be
taken
good
care
of.
D．It
will
be
fed
with
fruit
juice.
【解题导语】本文主要讲述了一只小蓝企鹅在人们的帮助下最终得救的故事。
1．B 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段，尤其是倒数第二、三句“Please
leave
me
alone.
Keep
your
dog
away.”可知，当时有人在那只小蓝企鹅旁边竖立了一个牌子警示人们不要打扰它，不要让狗靠近它。由此可推知，对于那只小蓝企鹅来讲，这个世界是可怕的，因为它面临着一些潜在的危险。故B项正确。
2．C 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The
chick
weighs
a
mere
550
grams,
less
than
a
standard
basketball.
A
blue
penguin
should
weigh
around
900
grams
at
this
age.”可知，这只小蓝企鹅体重只有550克，而处于它这个年龄的小蓝企鹅的体重应达到900克左右。由此可推知，这只小蓝企鹅的体重低于它这个年龄的小蓝企鹅的体重。故C项正确。
3．D 解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段第一句“Billy
was
taken
to
the
Christchurch
Penguin
Rehabilitation
Center
after
being
retrieved
from
the
beach.”可知，这只小蓝企鹅是从沙滩上被带到克赖斯特彻奇的一个企鹅康复中心的。由此可推知，画线词与brought
back
“带回”意思相近。故D项正确。
4．C 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“The
center
will
help
the
little
penguin
gain
some
weight
by
feeding
it
fish
juice,
before
it’s
set
free
into
the
ocean.”可知，在这只小蓝企鹅被放回海洋之前，康复中心会帮助它增加一些体重。由此可推知，在那个企鹅康复中心里，这只小蓝企鹅会得到很好的照顾。故C项正确。
Test
4
Scientists
are
preparing
to
launch
the
world’s
first
machine
to
clean
up
the
planet’s
largest
mass
of
ocean
plastic.
The
experts
believe
the
machine
should
be
able
to
collect
half
of
the
detritus
in
the
patch—about
40，000
metric
tons—within
five
years.
In
the
past
few
weeks
they
have
been
busy
welding
together
giant
tubes
that
will
sit
on
the
surface
of
the
sea
and
form
the
skeleton
of
the
machine,
creating
the
largest
floating
barrier
ever
made.
The
system,
originally
dreamt
up
by
Mr.
Slat,
will
be
shipped
out
this
summer
to
the
Great
Pacific
Garbage
Patch,
between
Hawaii
and
California,
which
contains
estimated
1.8
trillion
pieces
of
plastic.
It
will
be
the
first
ever
attempt
to
tackle
the
patch
since
it
was
discovered
in
1997.
Mr.
Slat
was
16
and
still
at
school
when
he
was
diving
in
Greece
and
first
saw
for
himself
the
amount
of
plastic
polluting
the
sea.
“There
were
more
bags
than
fish
down
there，”
he
recalls.
Two
years
later
he
came
up
with
a
solution,
quit
university
after
six
months
and
set
up
The
Ocean
Cleanup
as
a
company.
Mr.
Slat
says
the
first
plastic
to
arrive
on
shore
will
be
a
major
milestone.
“We
as
humanity
created
this
problem,
so
I
think
it’s
also
our
responsibility
to
help
solve
it，”
he
says.
The
Great
Pacific
Garbage
Patch(GPGP)
covers
an
area
of
1.6
million
square
kilometers
and
contains
at
least
79，000
tons
of
plastic,
research
found
last
month.
Most
of
it
is
made
up
of
“ghost
gear”—parts
of
abandoned
and
lost
fishing
gear,
such
as
nets
and
ropes—often
from
illegal
fishing
vessels.
Ghost
gear
kills
more
than
100，000
whales,
dolphins
and
seals
each
year,
according
to
scientific
surveys.
Seabirds
and
other
marine
life
are
increasingly
being
found
dead
with
stomachs
full
of
small
pieces
of
plastic.
Creatures
eat
plastic
discarded
in
the
sea
thinking
it’s
food
but
then
starve
to
death
because
they
are
not
feeding
properly.
Others
are
trapped
and
die
of
starvation
or
are
strangled
or
suffocated
by
ghost
gear.
1．What
does
the
underlined
word
“detritus”
in
the
second
paragraph
probably
mean?
A．Waste.
B．Ocean.
C．System.
D．Machine.
2．Which
one
makes
up
most
of
the
garbage
in
Pacific
from
the
passage?
A．Fishing
vessels.
B．Dolphins
and
seals.
C．Giant
tubes.
D．Abandoned
fishing
gear.
3．Why
do
some
creatures
in
The
Great
Pacific
Garbage
Patch
die
of
starvation?
A．Because
they
are
killed
by
ghost
gear.
B．Because
they
are
suffocated
by
ghost
gear.
C．Because
they
don’t
like
eating
plastic.
D．Because
they
are
not
feeding
properly.
4．What
is
the
main
idea
of
the
passage?
A．A
report
about
the
death
of
marine
life.
B．News
about
the
first
machine
to
clean
up
ocean
plastic.
C．Information
about
ocean
plastic.
D．The
reason
for
inventing
a
machine.
【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了世界首个海洋垃圾清扫机的发明。
1．A 解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段画线词前的“collect
half
of”和第四段第一句中的“first
saw
for
himself
the
amount
of
plastic
polluting
the
sea”和第五段最后一句中的“parts
of
abandoned
and
lost
fishing
gear,
such
as
nets
and
ropes—often
from
illegal
fishing
vessels”可推知，画线词的意思是“垃圾”。故选A。
2．D 解析：细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句“Most
of
it
is
made
up
of
‘ghost
gear’—parts
of
abandoned
and
lost
fishing
gear,
such
as
nets
and
ropes—often
from
illegal
fishing
vessels.”可知，太平洋里的大部分垃圾是由废弃的钓鱼用具组成的。
3．D 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数第二句中的“but
then
starve
to
death
because
they
are
not
feeding
properly”可知，太平洋垃圾带的一些生物死于饥饿是因为它们不能正常地进食。
4．B 解析：主旨大意题。本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了世界首个海洋垃圾清扫机的发明。第一段“Scientists
are
preparing
to
launch
the
world’s
first
machine
to
clean
up
the
planet’s
largest
mass
of
ocean
plastic.”点明了文章的主题。故选B。
Test
5
At
a
farm
off
Narrow
Lane
near
Lexington,
Kentucky,
U．S.,
old?fashioned
houses
look
over
the
little
red
barn(畜舍)．The
farm
is
mostly
empty
now.Jim
Mahan
and
his
family,
who
lived
there
for
generations,
have
moved
to
a
different
plot
of
land
in
northern
Fayette
County.As
land
is
sold,
houses
go
up
where
there
once
were
fields.
But
during
the
summer,
the
barn
is
filled
with
city
kids
who
have
come
to
enjoy
the
farm.
They’re
members
of
the
Fayette
County
Livestock(FCL)
Club,
which
showcases
skills
as
varied
as
cutting
wool.
The
barn
is
where
they
look
after
the
animals.
“A
lot
of
Lexington
kids
don’t
know
anything
about
farm
life，”
said
Adria
Meier,
17,
who
has
looked
after
goats
and
sheep
for
three
years.
“There
is
so
much
to
learn.”
The
dozen
or
so
children
who
take
care
of
their
goats
and
sheep
at
the
little
red
barn
must
do
a
six?hour
class
before
they
get
an
animal.
They
pay
for
their
own
animals
but
get
special
club
programs,
such
as
one
that
provides
vet(兽医)
care.
Mahan
lets
the
group
use
the
barn
for
free,
and
the
kids
spend
up
to
three
hours
a
day
there
during
the
summer.But
as
his
land
gets
sold,
he
doesn’t
know
whether
the
club
can
continue.
What
makes
the
FCL
Club
special
is
that
most
of
the
kids
can’t
just
walk
out
their
doors
and
take
care
of
their
animals.
Most
are
driven
to
the
barn
by
their
mothers,
who
usually
hang
around
and
chat
as
their
kids
feed
and
exercise
the
animals.
There
are
valuable
lessons
learned
along
the
way.
For
instance,
don’t
cut
wool
off
your
goat
when
there
is
wind,
and
sheep
are
social
animals
and
will
cry
loudly
when
separated.
“Tending
to
animals
helps
teach
us
responsibility.
Unlike
learning
to
shoot
an
arrow,
caring
for
an
animal
isn’t
something
you
can
simply
abandon，”
said
Carly
Playforth,
16,
of
Lexington.
1．What
is
the
requirement
for
kids
before
they
get
animals?
A．Attend
a
class.
B．Pay
certain
money.
C．Have
varied
skills.
D．Get
special
club
programs.
2．What
do
we
know
about
the
club?
A．It
offers
services
unconditionally.
B．It
pays
for
their
use
of
the
barn.
C．It
lets
Mothers
care
for
animals.
D．It
allows
Mothers
to
push
kids.
3．How
does
Carly
Playforth
feel
about
the
experience?
A．Suspicious.
B．Moved.
C．Appreciative.
D．Opposed.
4．What
is
the
passage
mainly
about?
A．Kids’
life
on
a
sold
farm.
B．Valuable
lessons
learned
on
the
farm.
C．A
special
club
intended
for
Lexington
kids.
D．A
club
activity
of
caring
for
farm
animals.
【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文，
主要讲述了一群城里的孩子来到乡间农场体验不同的生活，照顾农场动物的故事。
1．A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“must
do
a
six?hour
class
before
they
get
an
animal”可知，得到动物之前，孩子们必须上一节六小时的课程，这个课程可能是培训孩子们如何照顾动物的。
2．D 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Most
are
driven
to
the
barn
by
their
mothers”可推知，该俱乐部让孩子的妈妈督促孩子参与农场活动，故选D项。
3．C 解析：观点态度题。最后一段首句是段落主旨句，作者引用Carly
Playforth的话是为了进一步说明因照顾动物而教会孩子们的珍贵东西，比如责任。由此可知，
Carly
Playforth对这种经历是赞赏的(appreciative)。
4．D 解析：主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，本文重点介绍的是FCL俱乐部借助一个农场举办的活动——让孩子们亲自照顾动物，在这一过程中，孩子们获益匪浅。故D项概括最为全面。
Test
6
There
are
only
a
few
truly
pleasant
smells
to
wake
up
to
in
the
morning.
For
me,
it’s
the
smell
of
freshly
brewed
coffee.
Just
a
sniff
of
it
makes
me
jump
out
of
bed
and
rush
to
the
kitchen
for
a
gulp
of
the
hot
black
liquid.
If
you’re
a
big
fan
of
coffee,
you’ll
understand
that
opening
a
new
packet
of
coffee
releases
an
amazing
smell—fresh,
roasted
coffee
beans.
And
you’ll
be
able
to
identify
the
beans’
origin—Colombia,
Vietnam
or
Brazil.
Tim
Hayward
is
a
food
writer
and
coffee
shop
owner;
he
believes
the
smell
is
absolutely
vital.
“When
you
walk
into
the
coffee
shop
in
the
morning
and
that
smell
hits
you,
you’re
getting
physiological
responses.”
I
know
from
experience
when
I
walk
into
a
cafe,
my
mouth
begins
to
water
and
it’s
the
smell
that
makes
me
feel
good.
However,
this
feeling
sometimes
turns
to
disappointment.
This
is
particularly
the
case
when
I
order
a
coffee
to
go
in
a
tall
paper
cup
and
sip
the
liquid
through
a
hole
in
the
lid.
Yes,
it’s
convenient,
but
is
it
really
the
right
way
to
appreciate
it?
You
walk
into
the
coffee
shop,
you
get
the
smell,
but
when
you
actually
take
the
drink
out,
you
are
drinking
it
from
something
that
is
designed
to
deliver
the
hot
liquid
directly
past
your
tongue,
but
prevent
any
smell
coming
up
to
your
nose.
As
well
as
eliminating
the
smell,
takeaway
coffee
cups
create
a
lot
of
waste
and
a
vast
majority
of
them
still
don’t
get
recycled.
So
maybe
now
is
the
time
to
really
wake
up
and
smell
the
coffee
by
drinking
from
a
cup
in
a
cafe,
chatting
with
friends
and
saving
the
planet!
1．In
which
aspect
does
the
author
agree
with
Tim
Hayward?
A．People
drink
coffee
first
thing
in
the
morning.
B．Coffee
beans’
origin
makes
all
the
differences.
C．Some
people
are
addicted
to
drinking
coffee.
D．It’s
the
smell
of
coffee
that
really
matters.
2．What
does
the
author
complain
about?
A．The
process
of
making
coffee.
B．The
high
temperature
of
coffee.
C．The
design
of
the
paper
coffee
cup.
D．The
inconvenience
of
buying
coffee.
3．What
can
replace
the
word
“eliminating”
underlined
in
Paragraph
4?
A．Creating.
B．Removing.
C．Increasing.
D．Changing.
4．What
can
be
the
best
title
of
the
text?
A．Wake
Up
and
Smell
the
Coffee
B．Try
to
Be
a
Real
Lover
of
Coffee
C．Drink
Coffee
to
Save
the
Planet
D．Choose
Takeaway
Coffee
for
Convenience
【解题导语】咖啡的味道令作者着迷，但是纸杯装的咖啡，其味道被阻隔了，无法让人感觉到咖啡真正的味道，并且纸杯还带来污染。
1．D 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“For
me,
it’s
the
smell
of
freshly
brewed
coffee.”以及第二段第三句中的“he
believes
the
smell
is
absolutely
vital”可知，两人都认为咖啡的味道非常重要。故选D。
2．C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句和第四段第一句中的“you
are
drinking
it
from
something
that
is
designed
to
deliver
the
hot
liquid
directly
past
your
tongue,
but
prevent
any
smell
coming
up
to
your
nose”可知，纸杯的设计令作者不满。故选C。
3．B 解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段第一句中的“prevent
any
smell
coming
up
to
your
nose”并结合画线词所在句可推知，该词的含义与“prevent”含义相近，故选B。
4．A 解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段第二句“For
me,
it’s
the
smell
of
freshly
brewed
coffee.”并结合文章其他内容可知，全文围绕咖啡的味道展开叙述，主要讲述了作者对咖啡味道的喜爱，并表述了打包带走的纸杯装咖啡的坏处，并因此建议不如在咖啡馆内坐下来，细细品味咖啡，故A项最适合作本文标题。2021届高考二轮英语备考专项冲刺
专题17
【阅读理解】题型增分攻略二原题版
解题指导·触类旁通
寻方法，求策略，掌握“套路”
二．做出推理和判断—推理判断题
阅读理解【推理判断题】满分攻略
命题规律
考查内容→
阅读材料中没有直接表达出来的内容，需要根据文章已有考查内容的信息，通过逻辑关系进行推敲。
正确选项特点→
①原文同义替代。②段落主题或句群的论点。③由构成对比的一方推断出另一方。
干扰项特点→
①似是而非→
A.对文章信息的简单陈述，而不是推出的结论。
B.推理一部分正确，一部分错误。
②夸大事实
③推理过度，常出现only,all,always等绝对化的词汇。
答题技巧点拨
细节推断题答
题
技
巧→
题干设置→常含有infer,conclude,indicate,suggest.
①根据题干或选项定位原文，常用一些形容词、副词和不定式意义的动词来表达，如possible,impossible,seem,
strange等。
②利用逆向思维进行推断：原文和选项正反两种说法一致。
③综合文段信息进行推断：在理解文章或者段落大意的基础上进行推断。
观点态度题答
题
技
巧→
题干设置→常含有attitude,opinion,think
about等标志词。
①正确理解文意，切勿用自己的观点来代替作者的观点。
②留意描写环境、气氛的语言及表达感情、态度或观点的词语。
表达态度常
用
词
语→
①表达积极态度：approving（赞同的）optimistic（乐观的）supportive（支持的）positive(积极的)concerned（关心的）favorable（赞同的）
②表示消极态度：critical(批评的)doubtful(怀疑的)
negative(否定的)
pessimistic(悲观的)
worried(担忧的)
uninterested(不感兴趣的）
③表示中立态度：objective
(客观的)subjective(主观的)
neutral(中立的)
indifferent(漠不关心的)
4.
写作意图题答
题
技
巧→
题干设置→常出现purpose，in
order
to,why，want
to
tell
us等标志词
在理解文章大意的基础上，根据文体特点、作者阐述问题的方法和文章语气进行推断。
文章来源&读者对象题答
题
技
巧→
题干设置→通常有find,where,who,intend等标志词。
①具备报纸、杂志、网络、科普知识、小说、广告、旅游指南、操作指南等常识。
②产品说明和药品说明类
③出现click、website的是网络。
④出现名人、娱乐方面的是杂志
⑤出现科普知识的是科技报告。
⑥出现教育内容的是教育板块。
⑦出现日期、地点和通讯社的一般是报纸。
内容预测题答
题
技
巧→
题干设置→常出现will
happen,continue
to
write,follow等词
把握作者写作思路，理清文章时间发展过程、因果关系、对比关系等、尤其要重视文章最后一段内容和文末的几句话。
考点突破·针对提能
明考点，攻重难，有效提升
熟记高频词
→
突破阅读理解词汇障碍
高考英语考前必背570个高频词
第
七
组
第
八
组
181.
subsequent
adj.
随后的；后来的182.
virtue
n.
美德；优点183.
virtual
adj.
事实上的；虚拟的184.
orient
n.
东方
vt.使适应185.
portion
n.
一部分186.
target
n.
目标；靶子
vt.
瞄准187.
portable
adj.
手提式的188.
decline
v.
拒绝；谢绝；下降189.
illusion
n.
错觉190.
likelihood
n.
可能；可能性191.
stripe
n.
条纹192.
emphasize
vt.
强调；着重193.
emotion
n.
情感；感情194.
emotional
adj.
感情的；情绪（上）的195.
awful
adj.
极坏的；威严的；可怕的196.
awkward
adj.
笨拙的；棘手的197.
clue
n.
线索；提示198.
collision
n.
碰撞；冲突199.
device
n.
装置；设备200.
devise
vt.
发明；策划；想出201.
software
n.
软件202.
lunar
adj.
月亮的；月球的；阴历的203.
submerge
vi.
潜入水中204.
tissue
n.
组织；薄纱；手巾纸205.
motivate
vt.
激励；激发206.
motive
n.
动机；目的207.
generate
vt.
产生（光、热、电等）
208.
lest
conj.
唯恐；免得209.
liable
adj.
可能的；
(to)易于...的210.
liberal
adj.自由主义的;自由的;慷慨的
211.
inevitable
adj.
不可避免的212.
naval
adj.
海军的213.
navigation
n.
航行214.
necessity
n.
必需品；必要性215.
previous
adj.
早先的；以前的216.
provision
n.规定；条款；供应品217.
pursue
vt.
追逐；追求；从事,进行218.
stale
adj.
不新鲜的；陈腐的219.
substitute
n.
代用品
vt.
代替220.
deserve
vt.
应受；应得；值得221.
discrimination
n.
歧视；辨别力222.
professional
adj.
职业的；专门的223.
nevertheless
adv.
仍然；然而；不过224.
neutral
adj.
中立的；中性的225.
spot
n.
地点；斑点
vt.
认出；发现226.
secure
adj.
安全的；可靠的227.
security
n.
安全；保障228.
scratch
v./n.
抓；搔；扒229.
talent
n.
才能；天资；人才230.
insurance
n.
保险；保险费231.
insure
vt.
给...保险；保证；确保232.
spray
v.
喷；（使）溅散233.
medium
adj.
中等的
n.
新闻媒介234.
media
n.
新闻传媒235.
auxiliary
adj.
辅助的；备用的236.
automatic
adj.
自动的pete
vi.
竞争；比赛petent
adj.
有能力的；能胜任的239.
smash
vt.
粉碎；打烂240.
distribute
vt.
分发
第
九
组
第
十
组
241.
disturb
vt.
打搅；妨碍242.
infer
v.
推论；推断243.
integrate
v.（使）成为一体;（使）合并244.
moist
adj.
潮湿245.
moisture
n.
潮湿246.
promote
vt.
促进；提升247.
region
n.
地区；范围；幅度248.
register
v./n.登记；注册249.
stable
adj.
稳定的250.
sophisticated
adj.老练的；复杂的251.
splendid
adj.
极好的；壮丽的;辉煌的252.
cancel
vt.
取消；废除253.
variable
adj.
易变的；可变的254.
prospect
n.
前景；前途；景象255.
prosperity
n.兴旺；繁荣256.
aspect
n.
方面；朝向；面貌257.
cope
vi.
(with)（成功地）应付；处理258.
core
n.
果心；核心259.
maintain
vt.
维持；保持；坚持；主张260.
mainland
n.
大陆261.
discipline
n.
纪律；惩罚；学科262.
domestic
adj.本国的；国内的；家用的263.
constant
adj.
不变的
n.
常数264.
cliff
n.
悬崖；峭壁265.
authority
n.
权威；当局266.
audio
adj.
听觉267.
attitude
n.
态度
munity
n.
社区；社会mit
vt.犯（错误、罪行）;干（坏事）ment
n./vt.
评论271.
distinguish
vt.
区分；辨别272.
distress
n.
痛苦；悲伤
vt.
使痛苦273.
facility
n.
[pl.]
设备；设施；便利274.
faculty
n.能力；系；全体教员275.
mixture
n.
混合；混合物276.
mood
n.
心情；情绪；语气277.
moral
adj.
道德上的；有道德的278.
prominent
adj.
突出的279.
substance
n.
物质；实质280.
substantial
adj.
牢固的；实质的281.
prompt
vt.
促使
adj.
敏捷的；及时的282.
passport
n.
护照283.
waist
n.
腰,腰部284.
weld
v./n.
焊接285.
yawn
vi.
打哈欠286.
yield
vi.
(to)屈服于；让出
n.
产量287.
zone
n.
地区；区域288.
strategy
n.
战略；策略289.
strategic
adj.
战略（上）的；关键的290.
tense
adj.
紧张的
v.
拉紧
n.
时态291.
tension
n.
紧张（状态）；张力292.
avenue
n.
林荫道；大街293.
available
adj.
现成可用的；可得到的parable
adj.
(with,to)可比较的
第
十
一
组
第
十
二
组
parative
adj.
比较的；相对的296.
dash
vi.
猛冲；飞奔297.
data
n.
数据；资料298.
dive
vi.
跳水；潜水299.
diverse
adj.
不同的；多种多样的300.
entitle
vt.
给...权利；给...资格301.
regulate
vt.
管理；调节302.
release
vt./n.
释放；排放；解释解脱303.
exaggerate
v.
夸大；夸张304.
evil
adj.
邪恶的；坏的305.
shrink
vi.
起皱；收缩；退缩306.
subtract
v.
减（去）307.
suburb
n.
市郊308.
subway
n.
地铁309.
survey
n./vt.
调查；勘测310.
wealthy
adj.
富裕的311.
adjust
v.
调整；调节312.
attach
vt.
系,贴；使附属313.
profit
n.
利润；益处；v.
有益于314.
profitable
adj.
有利可图的315.
slope
n.
斜坡；斜面316.
reinforce
vt.
增强；加强317.
reject
vt.
拒绝318.
fatal
adj.
致命的；重大的319.
fate
n.
命运320.
humble
adj.
谦逊的；谦虚的321.
illegal
adj.
不合法的；非法的322.
award
vt.
授予；判给
n.
奖品；奖金
323.
aware
adj.
意识到324.
column
n.
柱,圆柱；栏；专栏edy
n.
喜剧326.
dumb
adj.
哑的；沉默的327.
dump
vt.
倾卸；倾倒328.
deaf
adj.
聋的；不愿听的329.
decorate
vt.
装饰；装璜330.
principal
adj.
最重要的
n.
校长331.
vocabulary
n.
词汇（量）；词汇表332.
venture
n.风险投资v.冒险；取于333.
version
n.
版本；译本；说法334.
principle
n.
原则；原理335.
prior
adj.
优先的；在前的336.
priority
n.
优先；重点337.
prohibit
vt.
禁止；不准338.
remarkable
adj.值得注意的；非凡的339.
remedy
n./vt.
补救；医治；治疗340.
repetition
n.
重复；反复341.
vain
adj.
徒劳的；无效的342.
undertake
vt.
承担；着手做；同意343.
unique
adj.
唯一的；独特的344.
obstacle
n.
障碍（物）；妨碍345.
odd
adj.
奇特的；古怪的；奇数的346.
omit
vt.
省略347.
origin
n.
起源；出身opponent
n.
敌手；对手349.
oval
adj.
椭圆形的
n.
椭圆形350.
orchestra
n.
管弦乐队
2021年高考英语【阅读理解】题型强化训练二原题版
跟踪检测·迁移应用
练模拟，练规范，夯基提能
Test
1
Kettle’s
Yard,
Cambridge
This
modern
art
gallery
in
a
Victorian
house
was
founded
in
the
1950s
by
Jim
Ede
and
reopened
in
February,
following
a
two?year
redevelopment
by
Jamie
Fobert
Architects.
This
means
a
new
cafe,
a
four?floor
education
wing
and
improved
gallery
space
that
can
accommodate
more
visitors.
The
gallery’s
permanent
collection
includes
works
of
Joan
Miró，
Henry
Moore
and
Barbara
Hepworth.
Being
Brunel,
Bristol
To
celebrate
the
life
and
work
of
famous
civil
engineer
Isambard
Kingdom
Brunel,
Being
Brunel
opened
in
March
on
Bristol’s
harbourside.
The
museum
included
a
range
of
interactive
and
entertaining
exhibits,
including
talking
portraits
of
his
friends
and
family
and
personal
possessions,
including
an
1821
school
report.
It
is
a
good
place
for
families
to
strengthen
connections.
Royal
Academy
of
Arts,
London
The
RA
reopened
on
19
May
for
its
250th
anniversary,
following
a
renovation(翻新)
with
a
gallery
and
expanded
exhibition
programme.
These
will
include
three
galleries,
which
will
host
exhibitions
with
a
focus
on
contemporary
art
and
architecture.
The
grand
facade(正面)
of
the
Burlington
Gardens
building
has
also
been
restored—possibly
the
first
time
it’s
had
a
proper
clean
in
its
150?year
history.
V&A,
Dundee
One
of
the
most
significant
new
openings
of
the
year
will
be
Scotland’s
first
designed
museum—and
also
the
first
V&A
anywhere
outside
of
London—on
15
September.
The
museum
building
sits
on
the
River
Tay.
It
will
celebrate
Scottish
designs
and
objects
in
its
collection.
1．What
do
we
know
about
Being
Brunel?
A．It
has
a
long
school
report.
B．It
includes
three
galleries.
C．It
is
family?friendly.
D．It
possesses
permanent
collections.
2．The
purpose
of
the
RA
reopening
is________．
A．to
expand
the
exhibition
B．to
mark
its
250th
anniversary
C．to
display
contemporary
art
D．to
present
its
150?year
history
3．What
is
the
purpose
of
the
passage?
A．To
attract
more
visitors
to
the
UK.
B．To
compare
different
tourist
attractions.
C．To
describe
some
famous
museums
and
artists.
D．To
introduce
openings
of
some
famous
art
galleries
and
museums.
Test
2
The
Amazon
basin
region
is
home
to
about
2.5
million
insect
species,
tens
of
thousands
of
plants,
and
some
2，000
birds
and
mammals.
To
date,
at
least
40，000
plant
species,
3,000
fish,
1,294
birds,
427
mammals,
428
amphibians,
and
378
reptiles
have
been
scientifically
classified
in
the
region.
One
in
five
of
all
the
birds
in
the
world
live
in
the
Amazon
rainforest.
The
warm
and
wet
forest
has
been
in
existence
for
at
least
55
million
years,
and
thrived
even
during
glacial
periods,
allowing
for
the
evolution
of
an
unbelievable
diversity
of
species.
Radiocarbon
dating
(放射性碳定年法)
has
revealed
trees
of
10
centimeter
in
diameter
to
be
more
than
300
years
old,
and
some
trees
over
1,000
years
old,
indicating
that
untouched
forests
can
experience
unbelievable
longevity.
The
first
human
inhabitants
are
thought
to
have
settled
in
the
Amazon
region
about
11,200
years
ago.
European
explorers
arrived
in
the
16th
century,
bringing
diseases
which
traveled
faster
than
the
explorers
themselves,
killing
perhaps
as
many
as
90%
of
the
indigenous
inhabitants
(土著居民).
By
the
late
17th
century
the
Amazon
basin
was
controlled
by
Portuguese
and
Spanish
explorers.
The
Amazon
rainforests
has
been
described
as
the
lungs
of
our
planet
because
of
its
important
role
in
recycling
carbon
dioxide
into
oxygen.
But
due
to
deforestation(滥伐森林),
rain-forests
now
cover
less
than
5%
of
the
Earth’s
land
surface,
and
experts
believe
that
this
is
a
big
contributor
to
global
climate
change.
Severe
deforestation
began
in
the
20th
century,
with
587，000
square
kilometers
lost
up
to
the
year
2000.Most
deforested
land
is
used
for
grassland
to
raise
farm
animals
and
agriculture.
The
addition
of
transport
routes
has
led
to
increased
settlement
and
deforestation,
and
at
the
present
rate,
scientists
estimate
that
the
Amazon
rainforest
will
be
reduced
by
40%
in
two
decades.
1．Why
are
the
figures
mentioned
in
Paragraph
1?
A．To
prove
the
forest
untouched.
B．To
classify
species
scientifically.
C．To
show
the
diversity
of
species.
D．To
attract
more
attention
to
the
Amazon
region.
2．Why
did
most
indigenous
inhabitants
in
the
Amazon
region
die?
A．European
explorers
brought
diseases
there.
B．Portuguese
explorers
treated
them
badly.
C．A
lot
of
trees
were
cut
down
and
burned.
D．They
got
killed
by
Spanish
explorers.
3．What
can
be
inferred
about
the
Amazon
rainforest?
A．It
has
the
largest
number
of
species.
B．It
covers
over
5%
of
South
America.
C．It
is
becoming
larger
in
area.
D．It
is
being
endangered
now.
4．What
may
be
included
in
the
following
paragraph?
A．Examples
of
destroying
forests.
B．Measures
to
protect
rainforests.
C．New
settlements
in
the
Amazon
region.
D．Ways
to
stop
global
warming.
Test
3
The
world
can
be
a
scary
place
when
you’re
young.
It
can
be
even
scarier
when
you’re
a
young
little
blue
penguin(企鹅),
the
tiniest
of
the
penguin
species.
Luckily,
there
are
some
humans
willing
to
help.
They
stepped
in
to
protect
Billy,
a
blue
penguin
that
appeared
on
a
beach
in
Christchurch,
New
Zealand.
Spotted
on
November
29
at
the
slipway
at
Moncks
Bay,
near
Sumner,
in
Christchurch,
the
little
penguin
immediately
attracted
a
small
crowd.
Jeff
Mein
Smith
saw
the
crowd
while
he
was
bicycling
that
afternoon,
and
he
biked
home
to
get
his
camera.
When
he
returned
to
the
scene,
he
found
that
the
penguin
had
received
a
little
sign,
one
that
read
“Hi,
I’m
waiting
for
my
mum
to
come
back.
DOC(Department
of
Conservation)
knows
I’m
here.
Please
leave
me
alone.
Keep
your
dog
away.
Thanks,
Billy
the
baby
blue
penguin.”
Billy
didn’t
move
away
from
the
sign.
The
DOC
arrived
later
that
afternoon
to
pick
up
Billy,
though
they
were
surprised
to
see
it
on
the
beach.
“It’s
unusual
for
a
blue
penguin
to
be
out
in
the
open
on
the
beach
during
the
day，”
Anita
Spencer,
a
DOC
senior
ranger,
told
Stuff.
Billy
was
taken
to
the
Christchurch
Penguin
Rehabilitation
Center
after
being
retrieved
from
the
beach.
Volunteers
believe
the
bird
may
actually
be
a
female
penguin,
and
is
around
2
months
old.
The
chick
weighs
a
mere
550
grams,
less
than
a
standard
basketball.
A
blue
penguin
should
weigh
around
900
grams
at
this
age.
Most
little
penguins
grow
up
to
weigh
1
kilogram.
The
center
will
help
the
little
penguin
gain
some
weight
by
feeding
it
fish
juice,
before
it’s
set
free
into
the
ocean.
1．Why
can
the
world
be
frightening
to
a
young
penguin?
A．It
is
a
rare
species.
B．It
faces
potential
danger.
C．It
is
surrounded
by
the
crowd.
D．It
is
threatened
by
dogs.
2．It
can
be
inferred
from
the
text
that
Billy________．
A．is
a
female
penguin
B．has
expressed
its
thanks
C．weighs
less
for
its
age
D．prefers
living
on
the
beach
3．Which
of
the
following
can
replace
the
underlined
word
“retrieved”
in
Paragraph
4?
A．Ignored.
B．Cured.
C．Given
away.
D．Brought
back.
4．What
will
happen
to
Billy
in
the
center?
A．It
will
be
reported
to
Stuff.
B．It
will
be
visited
by
the
locals.
C．It
will
be
taken
good
care
of.
D．It
will
be
fed
with
fruit
juice.
Test
4
Scientists
are
preparing
to
launch
the
world’s
first
machine
to
clean
up
the
planet’s
largest
mass
of
ocean
plastic.
The
experts
believe
the
machine
should
be
able
to
collect
half
of
the
detritus
in
the
patch—about
40，000
metric
tons—within
five
years.
In
the
past
few
weeks
they
have
been
busy
welding
together
giant
tubes
that
will
sit
on
the
surface
of
the
sea
and
form
the
skeleton
of
the
machine,
creating
the
largest
floating
barrier
ever
made.
The
system,
originally
dreamt
up
by
Mr.
Slat,
will
be
shipped
out
this
summer
to
the
Great
Pacific
Garbage
Patch,
between
Hawaii
and
California,
which
contains
estimated
1.8
trillion
pieces
of
plastic.
It
will
be
the
first
ever
attempt
to
tackle
the
patch
since
it
was
discovered
in
1997.
Mr.
Slat
was
16
and
still
at
school
when
he
was
diving
in
Greece
and
first
saw
for
himself
the
amount
of
plastic
polluting
the
sea.
“There
were
more
bags
than
fish
down
there，”
he
recalls.
Two
years
later
he
came
up
with
a
solution,
quit
university
after
six
months
and
set
up
The
Ocean
Cleanup
as
a
company.
Mr.
Slat
says
the
first
plastic
to
arrive
on
shore
will
be
a
major
milestone.
“We
as
humanity
created
this
problem,
so
I
think
it’s
also
our
responsibility
to
help
solve
it，”
he
says.
The
Great
Pacific
Garbage
Patch(GPGP)
covers
an
area
of
1.6
million
square
kilometers
and
contains
at
least
79，000
tons
of
plastic,
research
found
last
month.
Most
of
it
is
made
up
of
“ghost
gear”—parts
of
abandoned
and
lost
fishing
gear,
such
as
nets
and
ropes—often
from
illegal
fishing
vessels.
Ghost
gear
kills
more
than
100，000
whales,
dolphins
and
seals
each
year,
according
to
scientific
surveys.
Seabirds
and
other
marine
life
are
increasingly
being
found
dead
with
stomachs
full
of
small
pieces
of
plastic.
Creatures
eat
plastic
discarded
in
the
sea
thinking
it’s
food
but
then
starve
to
death
because
they
are
not
feeding
properly.
Others
are
trapped
and
die
of
starvation
or
are
strangled
or
suffocated
by
ghost
gear.
1．What
does
the
underlined
word
“detritus”
in
the
second
paragraph
probably
mean?
A．Waste.
B．Ocean.
C．System.
D．Machine.
2．Which
one
makes
up
most
of
the
garbage
in
Pacific
from
the
passage?
A．Fishing
vessels.
B．Dolphins
and
seals.
C．Giant
tubes.
D．Abandoned
fishing
gear.
3．Why
do
some
creatures
in
The
Great
Pacific
Garbage
Patch
die
of
starvation?
A．Because
they
are
killed
by
ghost
gear.
B．Because
they
are
suffocated
by
ghost
gear.
C．Because
they
don’t
like
eating
plastic.
D．Because
they
are
not
feeding
properly.
4．What
is
the
main
idea
of
the
passage?
A．A
report
about
the
death
of
marine
life.
B．News
about
the
first
machine
to
clean
up
ocean
plastic.
C．Information
about
ocean
plastic.
D．The
reason
for
inventing
a
machine.
Test
5
At
a
farm
off
Narrow
Lane
near
Lexington,
Kentucky,
U．S.,
old?fashioned
houses
look
over
the
little
red
barn(畜舍)．The
farm
is
mostly
empty
now.Jim
Mahan
and
his
family,
who
lived
there
for
generations,
have
moved
to
a
different
plot
of
land
in
northern
Fayette
County.As
land
is
sold,
houses
go
up
where
there
once
were
fields.
But
during
the
summer,
the
barn
is
filled
with
city
kids
who
have
come
to
enjoy
the
farm.
They’re
members
of
the
Fayette
County
Livestock(FCL)
Club,
which
showcases
skills
as
varied
as
cutting
wool.
The
barn
is
where
they
look
after
the
animals.
“A
lot
of
Lexington
kids
don’t
know
anything
about
farm
life，”
said
Adria
Meier,
17,
who
has
looked
after
goats
and
sheep
for
three
years.
“There
is
so
much
to
learn.”
The
dozen
or
so
children
who
take
care
of
their
goats
and
sheep
at
the
little
red
barn
must
do
a
six?hour
class
before
they
get
an
animal.
They
pay
for
their
own
animals
but
get
special
club
programs,
such
as
one
that
provides
vet(兽医)
care.
Mahan
lets
the
group
use
the
barn
for
free,
and
the
kids
spend
up
to
three
hours
a
day
there
during
the
summer.But
as
his
land
gets
sold,
he
doesn’t
know
whether
the
club
can
continue.
What
makes
the
FCL
Club
special
is
that
most
of
the
kids
can’t
just
walk
out
their
doors
and
take
care
of
their
animals.
Most
are
driven
to
the
barn
by
their
mothers,
who
usually
hang
around
and
chat
as
their
kids
feed
and
exercise
the
animals.
There
are
valuable
lessons
learned
along
the
way.
For
instance,
don’t
cut
wool
off
your
goat
when
there
is
wind,
and
sheep
are
social
animals
and
will
cry
loudly
when
separated.
“Tending
to
animals
helps
teach
us
responsibility.
Unlike
learning
to
shoot
an
arrow,
caring
for
an
animal
isn’t
something
you
can
simply
abandon，”
said
Carly
Playforth,
16,
of
Lexington.
1．What
is
the
requirement
for
kids
before
they
get
animals?
A．Attend
a
class.
B．Pay
certain
money.
C．Have
varied
skills.
D．Get
special
club
programs.
2．What
do
we
know
about
the
club?
A．It
offers
services
unconditionally.
B．It
pays
for
their
use
of
the
barn.
C．It
lets
Mothers
care
for
animals.
D．It
allows
Mothers
to
push
kids.
3．How
does
Carly
Playforth
feel
about
the
experience?
A．Suspicious.
B．Moved.
C．Appreciative.
D．Opposed.
4．What
is
the
passage
mainly
about?
A．Kids’
life
on
a
sold
farm.
B．Valuable
lessons
learned
on
the
farm.
C．A
special
club
intended
for
Lexington
kids.
D．A
club
activity
of
caring
for
farm
animals.
Test
6
There
are
only
a
few
truly
pleasant
smells
to
wake
up
to
in
the
morning.
For
me,
it’s
the
smell
of
freshly
brewed
coffee.
Just
a
sniff
of
it
makes
me
jump
out
of
bed
and
rush
to
the
kitchen
for
a
gulp
of
the
hot
black
liquid.
If
you’re
a
big
fan
of
coffee,
you’ll
understand
that
opening
a
new
packet
of
coffee
releases
an
amazing
smell—fresh,
roasted
coffee
beans.
And
you’ll
be
able
to
identify
the
beans’
origin—Colombia,
Vietnam
or
Brazil.
Tim
Hayward
is
a
food
writer
and
coffee
shop
owner;
he
believes
the
smell
is
absolutely
vital.
“When
you
walk
into
the
coffee
shop
in
the
morning
and
that
smell
hits
you,
you’re
getting
physiological
responses.”
I
know
from
experience
when
I
walk
into
a
cafe,
my
mouth
begins
to
water
and
it’s
the
smell
that
makes
me
feel
good.
However,
this
feeling
sometimes
turns
to
disappointment.
This
is
particularly
the
case
when
I
order
a
coffee
to
go
in
a
tall
paper
cup
and
sip
the
liquid
through
a
hole
in
the
lid.
Yes,
it’s
convenient,
but
is
it
really
the
right
way
to
appreciate
it?
You
walk
into
the
coffee
shop,
you
get
the
smell,
but
when
you
actually
take
the
drink
out,
you
are
drinking
it
from
something
that
is
designed
to
deliver
the
hot
liquid
directly
past
your
tongue,
but
prevent
any
smell
coming
up
to
your
nose.
As
well
as
eliminating
the
smell,
takeaway
coffee
cups
create
a
lot
of
waste
and
a
vast
majority
of
them
still
don’t
get
recycled.
So
maybe
now
is
the
time
to
really
wake
up
and
smell
the
coffee
by
drinking
from
a
cup
in
a
cafe,
chatting
with
friends
and
saving
the
planet!
1．In
which
aspect
does
the
author
agree
with
Tim
Hayward?
A．People
drink
coffee
first
thing
in
the
morning.
B．Coffee
beans’
origin
makes
all
the
differences.
C．Some
people
are
addicted
to
drinking
coffee.
D．It’s
the
smell
of
coffee
that
really
matters.
2．What
does
the
author
complain
about?
A．The
process
of
making
coffee.
B．The
high
temperature
of
coffee.
C．The
design
of
the
paper
coffee
cup.
D．The
inconvenience
of
buying
coffee.
3．What
can
replace
the
word
“eliminating”
underlined
in
Paragraph
4?
A．Creating.
B．Removing.
C．Increasing.
D．Changing.
4．What
can
be
the
best
title
of
the
text?
A．Wake
Up
and
Smell
the
Coffee
B．Try
to
Be
a
Real
Lover
of
Coffee
C．Drink
Coffee
to
Save
the
Planet
D．Choose
Takeaway
Coffee
for
Convenience
