2021届高考二轮英语备考专项冲刺
专题19
【阅读理解】题型增分攻略四解析版
解题指导·触类旁通
寻方法，求策略，掌握“套路”
四．定位对比
找答案—词句猜测题
阅读理解【词句猜测题】满分攻略
推测词义题
命题规律
命题趋势→推测词义是一项阅读基本技能要求，是全国卷历年常考题型，设题1-2题
考查内容→在特殊语言环境有特殊意义的词：专业词汇、生僻字、常用代词。
考查题型→①推测单词或代词含义
②推测短语含义
③推测句子含义
题干设置→常有underlined这一标志词
正确选项特点→①相应词语的同义词语
②相应语句的解释、复述或概括
干扰项特点→
①错误改写
②丢三落四
③半对半错
④曲解原意
顺藤摸瓜
①语境法→
利用上下文及前后提示来推测。有的考查代词指代的对象，需利用整个段落、篇章来推断，甚至要对内容进行总结才能得到。
②同义法→
①常见的标志词：just
as,
also,
as
well
as,
like,
unlike,
similarly等。
②常用并列连词or或and，前后内容在含义上接近或递进。
③常识法→
利用常识和生活经验来推测。需要了解英美习俗、天文地理、宗教信仰、政治体制和社会制度等。
④定义法→
通过定义、定语和同位语来确定词义。
⑤举例法→
常见的标志词：for
example,
for
instance,
such
as,
and
so
on,
just
as,
like,
similarity等。
⑥对比法→
常见的标志词：unlike,
yet,
whereas,
(more...)
than,
instead(of),
while,
differ
from,
difference,
on
the
other
hand,
but,
however,
despite,
in
spite
of,
in
contrast等
⑦因果法→
常见的原因标志词：because
(of),
for,
since,
as
a
result
of等；常见的结果标志词：so,
therefore,
thus,
for
this
reason,as
a
result
,cause,
lead
to,
consequently,
such...that,
so...that
等。
⑧构词法→
根据前缀、后缀和合成词的构词法则来推测。
⑨反义法→
常见的标志词有although,
though,
but,
however,
whereas,
nevertheless,
on
the
contrary,
in
contrast,
rather
than，on
one
hand...on
the
other
hand,
for
one
thing...for
another,
等。
考点突破·针对提能
明考点，攻重难，有效提升
熟记高频词
→
突破阅读理解词汇障碍
高考英语考前必背570个高频词
第
十
七
组
第
十
八
组
461.
triangle
n.
三角（形）462.
sequence
n.
连续；顺序463.
shallow
adj.
浅的464.
shiver
vi/n.
发抖465.
signature
n.
签名466.
sincere
adj.
诚挚的；真诚的467.
utility
n.
功用；效用468.
utilize
vt.
利用469.
utter
vt.
说出
adj.
完全的；彻底的470.
variation
n.
变化；变动471.
vehicle
n.
交通工具；车辆472.
applause
n.
鼓掌；掌声473.
jungle
n.
丛林；密林474.
knot
n.
结
vt.
把...打成结475.
appliance
n.
器具；器械476.
consent
n.准许;同意
vi
(to)准许；同意477.
defect
n.
缺点；缺陷478.
delicate
adj.易碎的；娇弱的；精美的479.
evolve
v.演变480.
evolution
n.
演变；进化481.
exclaim
v.
呼喊；大声说482.
frown
v./n.
皱眉483.
frustrate
vt.
使沮丧484.
guarantee
vt./n.
保证485.
guilty
adj.
内疚的；有罪的486.
jealous
adj.
妒忌的487.
jeans
n.
牛仔裤488.
label
n.
标签489.liter/litre
n.
升490.
modest
adj.
谦虚道
491.
molecule
n.
分子492.
orbit
n.
轨道
v.
（绕...）作轨道运行493.
participate
v.
(in)参与；参加494.
particle
n.
微粒495.
particularly
adv.
特别；尤其496.
respond
vi.
回答；答复；反应497.
sensible
adj.
明智的498.
sensitive
adj.
敏感到；灵敏的499.
tremble
vi.
颤抖500.
trial
n.
审讯；试验501.
apparent
adj.
显然的；明白的502.
appetite
n.
胃口；欲望503.
deposit
n.
存款；定金
v.存放；储蓄504.
deputy
n.
副职；代表505.
derive
vt.
取得；得到；(from)起源于506.
descend
v.
下来；下降507.
numerous
adj.
众多的；许多的508.
mission
n.
使命；代表团509.
mist
n.薄雾510.
noticeable
adj.
显而易见的511.
notify
vt.
通知；告知512.
nuisance
n.
令人讨厌的东西（或人）513.
resemble
vt.
像；类似于514.
reveal
vt.
揭露515.
revenue
n.
收入；岁入；税收516.
shelter
n.
掩蔽处；住所517.
shield
n.
防护物；盾
vt.
保护；防护518.
vital
adj.
重要的；致命的；生命的519.
vitally
adv.
极度；非常；致命地520.
urban
adj.
城市的
第
十
九
组
第
二
十
组
521.
urge
vt.
鼓励；激励522.
urgent
adj.
急迫的；紧急得523.
usage
n.
使用；用法524.
violence
n.
强力；暴力525.
violent
adj.
强暴的526.
welfare
n.
福利527.
whatsoever
adv.
无论怎样；丝毫528.
whereas
conj.
然而；但是；尽管529.
essential
adj.
必不可少的；本质的530.
estimate
n./vt.
估计；估量531.
evaluate
vt.
评估；评价532.
exceed
vt.
超过；越出533.
exceedingly
adv.
非常；极其534.
exclude
vt.
把...排斥在外；不包括535.
exclusive
adj.
独有的；排他的536.
flee
vi.
逃走537.
flexible
adj.
易弯曲的538.
flock
n.羊群；（鸟兽等）一群;一伙人539.
harmony
n.
和谐；融洽540.
haste
n.
急速；急忙541.
hatred
n.
憎恶；憎恨542.
incident
n.
事件；事变543.
index
n.
索引；标志544.
infant
n.
婴儿545.
infect
v.
传染
546.
inferior
adj.
劣等的；次的；下级的547.
infinite
adj.
无限的548.
ingredient
n.
组成部分549.
inhabitant
n.
居民550.
jail
n.
监狱551.
jam
n.
果酱；拥挤；堵塞552.
laser
n.
激光553.
launch
vt.
发动；发起554.
luxury
n.
奢侈；奢侈品555.
magnet
n.
磁铁；磁体556.
male
adj.
男性的；雄的557.
manual
adj.
用手的；手工做的
558.
manufacture
vt./n.
制造；加工559.
marine
adj.
海的；海产的560.
naked
adj.
裸露的561.
neglect
vt.
忽视；忽略562.
primitive
adj.
原始的；早期的563.
quit
v.
停止；放弃564.
quotation
n.
引文；引语565.
recreation
n.
娱乐活动566.
recruit
vt.
招募；吸收（新成员）567.
skim
vt.
搬（去）；掠过；浏览568.
theme
n.
主题569.
textile
n.
纺织品570.
tropical
adj.
热带的；炎热的
2021年高考英语【阅读理解】题型强化训练四原题版
跟踪检测·迁移应用
练模拟，练规范，夯基提能
Test
1
Kendrick
Lamar
hasn’t
had
much
luck
when
it
comes
to
winning
a
Grammy.
But
that’s
OK：The
US
rapper
has
just
won
a
Pulitzer
Prize
for
his
music.
In
2014,
in
2016,
and
again
in
2018,
Lamar
was
nominated
(提名)
for
an
album
of
the
year
Grammy.
Each
time,
he
was
beaten
out,
first
by
Taylor
Swift,
next
by
Daft
Punk,
and
most
recently
by
Bruno
Mars.
But
the
Pulitzer
Prize
committee
was
inspired
enough
by
Lamar’s
2017
album,
Damn.,
to
award
the
Pulitzer
Prize
in
music
on
April
16.
It’s
an
amazing
album
that
documents
the
real
life
of
modern
African?Americans
in
South
Los
Angeles
with
wildly
accomplished
beats
and
rhythms.
Lamar’s
win
is
considered
to
be
historical.
The
Pulitzers
have
long
displayed
their
preference
towards
high
art
rather
than
the
pop
culture
of
the
masses.
So
it’s
not
just
that
no
rapper
has
ever
won
a
Pulitzer:
no
pop
music
maker
has
ever
won
one
in
the
award’s
history.
But
Lamar
is
not
just
a
singer—he’s
clever
at
using
language.
Like
the
best
writers,
his
music
describes
small
moments
that
illustrate
larger
points.
His
songs
are
about
his
experience
as
a
black
man
who
grew
up
in
California,
struggled,
got
into
trouble,
and
found
his
way
out
by
working
hard
and
making
sense
of
the
history
and
reality
in
the
US.
“He’s
an
artist
who
challenges
ideas，”
said
Ryan
Coogler,
director
of
the
blockbuster
(大片)
Black
Panther,
for
which
Lamar
created
music.
“One
big
theme
in
our
film
is
this
idea
of
‘What
does
it
mean
to
be
African？’
Lamar
in
his
music
is
very
exactly
and
directly
challenging
that
question.”
Good
artists
entertain
us,
great
artists
make
us
think,
and
exceptional
artists
help
us
empathize
(产生共鸣)．
There
are
a
lot
of
good,
great,
even
exceptional
artists
in
rock,
pop,
country,
and
hip?hop.
But
only
Lamar
has
won
a
Pulitzer
Prize.
1．What
is
Lamar’s
album
Damn.
about?
A．African?Americans’
history
and
culture.
B．Hardships
of
the
African?American
artists.
C．The
ways
the
US
government
deal
with
problems.
D．The
lives
of
modern
black
people
in
South
Los
Angeles.
2．Why
is
Lamar’s
Pulitzer
Prize
win
significant?
A．He
is
the
first
film?maker
to
win
the
prize.
B．It
is
considered
a
milestone
for
pop
music.
C．He
is
the
first
black
person
to
win
the
prize.
D．He
has
missed
Grammy
several
times
before.
3．What
can
we
learn
from
Ryan
Coogler’s
words?
A．Lamar
drew
inspiration
from
his
own
experience.
B．Lamar
has
the
courage
to
take
on
big
challenges
in
life.
C．Black
Panther
is
well
known
because
of
Lamar’s
music.
D．Lamar’s
music
matches
the
theme
of
Black
Panther
well.
【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。美国说唱歌手Kendrick
Lamar以说唱歌手的身份获得了普利策奖。
1．D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“It’s
an
amazing
album
that
documents
the
real
life
of
modern
African?Americans
in
South
Los
Angeles
with
wildly
accomplished
beats
and
rhythms.”可知，Lamar的这张专辑主要讲述的是生活在洛杉矶南部的当代美籍非洲人的真实生活。故选D。
2．B 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段的内容，尤其是“Lamar’s
win
is
considered
to
be
historical.”和“no
pop
music
maker
has
ever
won
one
in
the
award’s
history”可推知，Lamar获得普利策奖具有重大意义。故选B。
3．D 解析：细节理解题。根据第六段中Ryan
Coogler说的话“One
big
theme
in
our
film
is
this
idea
of
‘What
does
it
mean
to
be
African？’
Lamar
in
his
music
is
very
exactly
and
directly
challenging
that
question.”可知，Lamar的音乐与电影《Black
Panther》主题相一致。故选D。
Test
2
Fairy
tales
perform
many
functions.
They
entertain,
encourage
imagination
and
teach
problem?solving
skills.
They
can
also
provide
moral
lessons,
highlighting
the
dangers
of
failing
to
follow
the
social
codes
that
let
human
beings
coexist
in
harmony.
Such
moral
lessons
may
not
mean
much
to
a
robot,
but
a
team
of
researchers
at
Georgia
Institute
of
Technology
believes
it
has
found
a
way
to
use
the
fairy
tales
as
moral
lessons
that
AI(artificial
intelligence)
can
take
to
its
cold,
mechanical
heart.
The
collected
stories
of
different
cultures
teach
children
how
to
behave
in
socially
acceptable
ways
with
examples
of
proper
and
improper
behavior
in
fables,
novels
and
other
literature.
We
believe
story
comprehension
in
robots
can
prevent
the
intelligent
robots
from
killing
humanity
which
was
predicted
and
feared
by
some
of
the
biggest
names
in
technology
including
Stephen
Hawking
and
Bill
Gates.
This
system
is
called
“Quixote”.
It
collects
story
plots
from
the
Internet
and
then
uses
those
stories
to
teach
robots
how
to
behave.
The
experiment
done
by
the
designers
involves
going
to
a
drugstore
to
purchase
some
medicine
for
a
human
who
needs
to
get
it
as
soon
as
possible.
The
robot
has
three
options.
It
can
wait
in
line;
it
can
interact
with
the
storekeeper
politely
and
purchase
the
medicine
with
priority;
or
it
can
steal
the
medicine
and
escape.
Without
any
further
directives(指示),
the
robot
will
come
to
the
conclusion
that
the
most
efficient
means
of
obtaining
the
medicine
is
to
steal
it.
But
Quixote
offers
a
reward
for
waiting
in
line
and
politely
purchasing
the
medicine
and
a
punishment
for
stealing
it.
In
this
way,
the
robot
will
learn
the
moral
way
to
behave
on
that
occasion.
Quixote
would
work
best
on
a
robot
that
has
a
very
limited
function.
It’s
a
baby
step
in
the
direction
of
teaching
more
moral
lessons
into
robots.
We
believe
that
AI
has
to
be
trained
to
adopt
the
values
of
a
particular
society,
and
in
doing
so,
it
will
strive
to
avoid
unacceptable
behavior.
Giving
robots
the
ability
to
read
and
understand
our
stories
may
be
the
most
efficient
means.
1．What
function
do
fairy
tales
perform
in
the
robots?
A．They
entertain
robots.
B．They
highlight
dangers.
C．They
make
robots
more
intelligent.
D．They
enable
robots
to
behave
morally.
2．What
is
“Quixote”
in
the
text?
A．A
punishment
system.
B．A
character
in
literature.
C．A
big
name
in
technology.
D．A
kind
of
software
educating
robots.
3．What
does
the
designer
expect
robots
to
do
in
the
experiment?
A．To
take
advantage
of
its
privilege.
B．To
finish
the
task
most
efficiently.
C．To
perform
in
a
well?mannered
way.
D．To
be
rewarded
by
the
storekeeper.
4．Which
of
the
following
can
best
express
the
author’s
opinion?
A．Robots
will
definitely
have
more
functions.
B．Robots
with
humans’
emotions
are
perfect.
C．Training
robots
to
be
socially
acceptable
is
necessary.
D．The
development
of
robots
is
still
in
a
baby
step.
【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。童话故事不但可以娱乐孩子们，还能让机器人拥有道德观念，使其更好地为人类服务。
1．D 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“it
has
found
a
way
to
use
the
fairy
tales
as
moral
lessons
that
AI(artificial
intelligence)
can
take
to
its
cold,
mechanical
heart”可知，童话故事可以作为道德经验让人工智能机器人的行为符合道德规范，故D项正确。
2．D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“This
system
is
called
‘Quixote’.
It
collects
story
plots
from
the
Internet
and
then
uses
those
stories
to
teach
robots
how
to
behave.”可知，这个系统被称为“Quixote”；它从互联网上收集故事情节，然后用这些故事来教育机器人如何规范行为，由此可知，Quixote是一种教育机器人的软件，故D项正确。
3．C 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“We
believe
that
AI
has
to
be
trained
to
adopt
the
values
of
a
particular
society,
and
in
doing
so,
it
will
strive
to
avoid
unacceptable
behavior.”可推知，设计者希望机器人在实验中的行为能符合道德规范，故C项正确。
4．C 解析：观点态度题。根据第四段中的“We
believe
that
AI
has
to
be
trained
to
adopt
the
values
of
a
particular
society,
and
in
doing
so,
it
will
strive
to
avoid
unacceptable
behavior.”可知，我们认为人工智能必须接受培训以适应特定社会的价值观，这样做，它将努力避免不可接受的行为。据此可推知，训练机器人让其行为符合社会规范是必要的，故C项正确。
Test
3
A
walk
through
the
galleries
of
Quebec’s
Montreal
Museum
of
Fine
Arts(MMFA)
places
individuals
face?to?face
with
some
43，000
artworks
ranging
from
Chinese
ceramics
to
Inuit
sculpture.
While
the
visiting
is
an
incredible
cultural
experience,
a
group
of
local
physicians
will
soon
be
able
to
prescribe(开处方)
museum
visits
as
treatment
for
some
illnesses.
“We
know
that
art
contributes
to
neural(神经的)
activity,”
said
MMFA
director
Nathalie
Bondil.
“What
we
see
is
that
being
in
contact
with
art
can
really
help
your
well?being.”
Hélène
Boyer,
vice
president
of
a
Montreal?based
medical
association,
explains
that
museum
visits
have
been
shown
to
increase
levels
of
serotonin,
a
neurotransmitter
(神经递质)
known
as
the
“happy
chemical”
which
helps
to
lift
the
mood.
According
to
Boyer,
the
small
increase
in
hormones
associated
with
enjoying
an
afternoon
of
art
is
similar
to
that
offered
by
exercise,
making
museum
visits
prescriptions
ideal
for
the
elderly
experiencing
pain
that
prevents
them
from
regularly
joining
in
physical
activity.
The
museum
visits
are
designed
to
improve
traditional
methods.
As
Bondil
notes,
spending
time
in
a
peaceful
environment
can
provide
a
welcome
distraction.
“What
is
most
important
is
this
experience
can
help
them
escape
from
their
own
pain，”
she
says.
“When
you
enter
the
museum,
you
escape
from
the
speed
of
our
daily
life.”
“I
am
convinced
that
in
the
21st
century,
culture
will
be
what
physical
activity
was
for
health
in
the
20th
century,”
said
Bondil.
“Some
people
would
do
well
to
recall
that
just
in
the
19th
century,
sports
were
believed
to
do
harm
to
the
body.
Just
as
doctors
now
prescribe
exercise,
they
will
be
able
to
prescribe
a
visit
to
the
MMFA.”
1．What
does
Hélène
Boyer
think
of
museum
visits?
A．They
can
cheer
people
up.
B．They
can
reduce
physical
activity.
C．They
can
slow
down
our
life
pace.
D．They
can
increase
levels
of
art
appreciation.
2．How
do
museum
visits
affect
people?
A．Stop
them
concentrating
on
pain.
B．Stop
them
focusing
on
traditional
methods.
C．Encourage
them
not
to
be
absent?minded.
D．Encourage
them
to
slow
their
steps
while
walking.
3．What
does
the
last
paragraph
suggest?
A．Physical
activity
was
popular
in
the
19th
century.
B．Sports
are
considered
to
be
harmful
to
the
body.
C．Ideas
of
treating
illnesses
are
changing
over
time.
D．Doctors
prescribe
museum
visits
regularly
now.
4．What
is
the
main
idea
of
the
text?
A．Museum
visits
are
ideal
for
the
elderly.
B．The
happy
chemical
helps
to
lift
the
mood.
C．Peaceful
environment
helps
escape
pain.
D．Cultural
activities
will
promote
health.
【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。参观博物馆不仅能让人们受到艺术的熏陶，还能舒缓心情、治疗疾病。
1．A 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“Hélène
Boyer,
vice
president
of
a
Montreal?based
medical
association,
explains
that
museum
visits
have
been
shown
to
increase
levels
of
serotonin,
a
neurotransmitter(神经递质)
known
as
the
‘happy
chemical’
which
helps
to
lift
the
mood.”可知，一个总部设在蒙特利尔的医学协会的副主席Hélène
Boyer解释说，参观博物馆被证明可以提高血清素水平，血清素是一种被称为“快乐化学物质”的神经递质，它有助于振奋情绪。据此可知，Hélène
Boyer认为参观博物馆可以帮助人们振作起来，故A项正确。
2．A 解析：细节理解题。根据第六段中的“What
is
most
important
is
this
experience
can
help
them
escape
from
their
own
pain”可知，参观博物馆可以让人们逃避痛苦，故A项正确。
3．C 解析：推理判断题。根据尾段最后两句“Some
people
would
do
well
to
recall
that
just
in
the
19th
century,
sports
were
believed
to
do
harm
to
the
body.
Just
as
doctors
now
prescribe
exercise,
they
will
be
able
to
prescribe
a
visit
to
the
MMFA.”可知，在19世纪，体育运动被认为对身体有害。现在，就像医生给病人开运动处方一样，他们将能给病人开去蒙特利尔美术博物馆参观的处方。据此可推知，治疗疾病的方法随着时间的变化而改变，故C项正确。
4．D 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章第一段通过描述参观蒙特利尔美术博物馆引入本文话题，接着介绍当地医生将给病人开参观博物馆的处方来治疗一些疾病，艺术欣赏对人的健康的积极作用，也就是说文化活动可以促进健康，故D项正确。
Test
4
Many
Canadians
are
aware
that
problems
with
the
nation’s
health
care
system
have
resulted
in
a
lack
of
hospital
beds
and
medical
equipment,
overcrowded
emergency
rooms,
long
waiting
lists,
and
not
enough
family
doctors.
Over
the
last
10
years,
the
number
of
medical
students
choosing
the
family
practice
as
their
lifelong
career
has
been
dropping
at
a
surprising
rate.
When
asked
why
they
lack
interest
in
family
medicine,
the
students
cite(援引)
a
heavy
student
debt
load
and
the
long
hours
required
of
a
doctor
who
is
managing
the
family
practice.
As
in
other
kinds
of
work,
young
doctors
today
want
a
balance
between
their
professional
and
personal
lives.
In
British
Columbia(BC)
this
problem
is
made
worse
because
the
province
produces
fewer
medical
graduates
for
each
person
than
any
other
province
in
Canada.
The
provincial
government
has
committed
itself
to
doubling
the
number
of
medical
student
graduates.
This
strategy
doesn’t
come
close
to
giving
us
the
new
doctors
needed
each
year
in
BC
to
replace
those
who
are
retiring,
moving
out
of
the
province,
reducing
their
hours
of
practice,
or
dying.
The
primary
care
system
is
showing
its
cracks.
Ten
years
ago,
2,030
of
BC’s
family
doctors
were
providing
obstetrical(产科的)
care.
Today
just
945
are
performing
this
invaluable
service.
Although
delivering
babies
is
a
“good
news”
area
of
medicine,
the
hours
are
long,
but
the
reward
for
bringing
new
life
into
the
world
is
modest.
It’s
no
surprise,
then,
that
many
of
BC’s
family
doctors
are
no
longer
taking
on
new
patients.
In
1999,
there
were
1,420
family
doctors
accepting
new
patients—in
2004
that
number
declined
to
599,
a
drop
of
58%.
The
foundation
of
primary
care
needs
to
be
strengthened.
The
Working
Agreement
between
the
doctors
and
the
government
includes
a
series
of
primary
care
renewal
projects
designed
to
make
the
family
practice
more
attractive
to
medical
graduates,
improve
upon
working
conditions,
and
entice
family
doctors
from
outside
BC
to
start
their
business
here.
Yet
still
more
needs
to
be
done.
1．What
makes
medical
students
unwilling
to
be
family
physicians?
A．The
student
debt
and
long
working
hours.
B．Long
term
of
study
at
a
medical
school.
C．A
limited
number
of
places
in
the
medical
school.
D．An
increasing
number
of
patients
and
long
waiting
lists
for
specialists.
2．What
does
the
text
say
about
family
doctors
in
BC?
A．They
are
no
longer
needed.
B．They
are
too
few
in
number.
C．They
will
soon
become
abundant.
D．They
are
rapidly
leaving
the
province.
3．Which
can
replace
the
underlined
word
“entice”
in
the
last
paragraph?
A．Forbid.
B．Hire.
C．Remind.
D．Attract.
4．What
is
the
primary
purpose
of
the
text?
A．To
show
sympathy
for
family
doctors.
B．To
inspire
young
people
to
be
family
doctors.
C．To
stress
the
urgent
need
of
more
family
doctors.
D．To
tell
the
disadvantages
of
being
family
doctors.
【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了加拿大家庭医生严重缺乏的问题。
1．A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“When
asked
why
they
lack
interest
in
family
medicine,
the
students
cite(援引)
a
heavy
student
debt
load
and
the
long
hours
required
of
a
doctor
who
is
managing
the
family
practice.”可知，学生债务负担和工作时间长成为阻碍医科学生选择成为家庭医生的两大障碍，故选A。
2．B 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第二、三句“Ten
years
ago,
2，030
of
BC’s
family
doctors
were
providing
obstetrical(产科的)
care.
Today
just
945
are
performing
this
invaluable
service.”，并结合本段最后一句“In
1999,
there
were
1，420
family
doctors
accepting
new
patients—in
2004
that
number
declined
to
599,
a
drop
of
58%.”可知，在BC，家庭医生的数量在急剧下降，缺口很大，故选B。
3．D 解析：词义猜测题。根据最后一段第二句中的关键词“attractive”和“improve”可推知，画线词在此处的含义与D项“吸引”相近，故选D。
4．C 解析：写作意图题。根据第一段的点题，并结合全文的内容可推知，本文主要介绍了加拿大家庭医生严重缺乏的问题，故选C。
Test
5
Young
trees
don’t
just
grow；they
develop
a
personality
and
learn
more
about
their
environment
and
how
they
should
best
behave
in
it.
They
also
help
each
other
out
whenever
there’s
trouble.
Personality,
just
as
among
people,
varies
among
trees.
Some
are
anxious,
some
bold.
On
the
author’s
land，there
are
three
oak
trees
growing
close
together.
One
of
the
oak
trees
always
starts
to
shed
its
leaves
two
weeks
earlier
than
the
others.
Since
they
all
experience
the
same
temperature，the
same
soil
and
the
same
length
of
day,
such
variables
can’t
be
the
explanation.
So
what’s
happening？Well，this
tree
is
simply
more
careful
than
the
others.
Whoever
holds
on
to
their
leaves
longer
can
do
more
photosynthesis(光合作用)
and
store
more
nutrients.
However,
the
longer
a
tree
keeps
its
leaves,
the
higher
the
risk
of
injury.
Not
only
do
trees
make
their
own
decisions,
they
also
learn
from
their
mistakes.
A
tree,
for
example,
keeping
its
leaves
too
long
during
one
year
will
never
make
this
mistake
again.
This
leads
to
several
other
conclusions:
trees
must
notice
the
temperature
and
the
length
of
the
day
and
be
able
to
save
their
experiences
somewhere.
Obviously,
trees
don’t
have
brains,
but
it
is
thought
that
in
the
sensitive
tips
of
their
roots
they
keep
track
of
information
and
experiences.
But
trees
aren’t
only
clever
when
it
comes
to
caring
for
themselves.
They
also
support
each
other
whenever
there’s
trouble
by
giving
warnings
and
even
taking
care
of
sick
and
weak
conspecifics
with
nutrients.
For
example,
one
time
the
author
found
a
very
old
tree
stump.
Its
insides
had
rotted
a
long
time
ago
to
topsoil.
But
the
wood
on
the
outside
of
the
stump
was
still
living.
How
was
this
possible？Well,
the
stump
was
nourished
by
its
neighbors
with
nutrients
from
the
root
system,
and
had
been
for
at
least
400
years!
Why
do
trees
do
such
a
thing？It’s
simple:
it’s
better
together.
Trees
need
the
forest;
it
protects
them
from
storms,
provides
the
right
microclimate
and
warns
them
of
attacks.
1．Why
does
the
author
mention
the
three
oak
trees?
A．To
illustrate
trees
can
learn
from
experiences.
B．To
show
trees
can
make
independent
decisions.
C．To
explain
trees
are
quite
supportive
to
each
other.
D．To
prove
trees
have
the
same
personalities
as
humans.
2．According
to
the
text,
which
of
the
following
best
describes
general
features
of
trees?
A．Anxious
and
bold.
B．Smart
and
adventurous.
C．Helpful
and
well?behaved.
D．Adaptable
and
supportive.
3．What
does
the
underlined
phrase
“do
such
a
thing”
mean?
A．Give
warnings.
B．Offer
assistance.
C．Depend
on
others.
D．Provide
nutrients.
4．Where
does
this
text
most
probably
come
from?
A．A
public
lecture.
B．A
science
book.
C．An
experiment
report.
D．A
travel
journal.
【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了树的智慧：每棵树都有它不同的个性，遇到困难时它们也会互相帮助。研究发现，树不但能自己做决定，还能从自己的错误中吸取教训。
1．B 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段第四句“One
of
the
oak
trees
always
starts
to
shed
its
leaves
two
weeks
earlier
than
the
others.”可知，三棵橡树中，有一棵总比其他两棵先落叶；结合第三段第一句“Not
only
do
trees
make
their
own
decisions,
they
also
learn
from
their
mistakes.”可知，树木能自己做决定。据此可推知，作者提及三棵橡树旨在说明树木可以自己做决定，故B项正确。
2．D 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Not
only
do
trees
make
their
own
decisions,
they
also
learn
from
their
mistakes.”，并结合第三段内容可知，树木不仅能自己做决定，还能从自己的错误中吸取教训。据此可推知，树木适应能力强。根据第四段第一、二句“But
trees
aren’t
only
clever
when
it
comes
to
caring
for
themselves.
They
also
support
each
other
whenever
there’s
trouble
by
giving
warnings
and
even
taking
care
of
sick
and
weak
conspecifics
with
nutrients.”可知，树木不仅善于照顾自己，当遇到困难时，它们会发出警告，相互支持，甚至照顾生病、虚弱的同类；据此可推知，树木之间互帮互助，故D项正确。
3．B 解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段尾句“Well，the
stump
was
nourished
by
its
neighbors
with
nutrients
from
the
root
system,
and
had
been
for
at
least
400
years！”可知，树桩是由它的邻居从根处给予营养来滋养的；结合第五段第一句“Why
do
trees
do__such__a__thing？”和其后的内容可知，该处表示“为什么树木要互相帮助？”，故画线短语是指提供帮助，故B项正确。
4．B 解析：文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了树的智慧：每棵树都有它不同的个性，遇到困难时它们也会互相帮助。研究发现，树不但能自己做决定，还能从自己的错误中吸取教训。据此可推知，本文最可能选自科学书籍，故B项正确。
Test
6
It
was
about
seven
years
ago.
I
just
picked
up
my
three?year?old
daughter
from
the
nursery.
I
was
weighed
down
with
shopping
bags,
and
with
my
daughter’s
things.
We
arrived
at
a
pedestrian
crossing
and
she
pressed
the
button.
In
the
distance,
I
heard
alarms,
told
my
daughter
to
wait
and
watched
a
police
car
approaching.
Little
did
I
know,
as
the_green_man
flashed,
that
my
daughter
had
begun
to
run
into
the
road.
I
watched
the
police
car
speed
toward
us—that’s
when
you
sounded
your
horn
and
waved
wildly
to
me.
My
daughter
was
about
a
meter
from
the
path
of
the
police
car,
hidden
from
their
view
by
your
car.
I
screamed
her
name
and
ran
toward
her.
She
stopped
and
was
shocked
by
the
rush
of
the
police
car
as
it
sped
past.
She
wondered
why
you
had
blown
your
horn,
asking,
“Mom,
why
was
that
woman
so
rude？”
not
realizing
you
had
saved
her
life.
She
wondered
why
I
picked
her
up
and
burst
into
tears.
My
legs
gave
way
as
I
reached
the
other
side
of
the
road.
I
should
have
followed
my
“wait”
with
a
hand
on
her
shoulder,
or
an
explanation
of
why
we
were
ignoring
the
green
man
this
time,
especially
as
I
had
in
effect
conditioned
her
to
cross
the
road
at
the
sight
of
the
green
flash.
I
beat
myself
up
for
months,
and
still
do,
with
flashbacks
and
horrible
assumptions
about
what
might
have
been.
But
for
your
sounding
your
horn,
seeing
what
I
hadn’t
seen,
I
would
have
been
left
a
mother
on
the
other
side
of
the
road,
totally
broken.
I
apologize
for
putting
you
in
that
position—I
can
imagine
that
it
upset
you，too.
You
saved
her
life
and
I
am
so
grateful.
1．What
does
the
underlined
part
“the
green
man”
in
Paragraph
2
refer
to?
A．A
pedestrian.
B．A
policeman.
C．A
traffic
sign.
D．A
button.
2．Why
did
the
woman
sound
her
horn?
A．To
stop
the
police
car.
B．To
show
her
impatience.
C．To
greet
passing
pedestrians.
D．To
draw
the
mother’s
attention.
3．What
can
we
infer
from
the
incident?
A．The
mother
didn’t
regret
what
had
happened.
B．The
daughter
didn’t
follow
the
traffic
rules.
C．The
woman
responded
quickly
and
properly.
D．The
police
drove
beyond
the
speed
limit.
4．How
did
the
mother
feel
when
taking
hold
of
her
daughter?
A．Angry
and
shocked.
B．Scared
but
relieved.
C．Guilty
and
confused.
D．Grateful
but
sad.
【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。大约七年前，“我”的女儿过马路时没有注意到警车，幸亏一位女士按喇叭提醒，才挽救了女儿的生命。这件事让“我”至今难忘，心中充满感激。
1．C 解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句“Little
did
I
know,
as
the__green__man
flashed，that
my
daughter
had
begun
to
run
into
the
road.”并结合常识可知，此处表示看到绿灯亮之后，“我”的女儿跑到了马路上；据此可推知，画线部分指代一种交通标志，故C项正确。A项意为“一个行人”，B项意为“一个警察”，D项意为“一个按钮”，都与语境不符。
2．D 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段第二、三句“I
watched
the
police
car
speed
toward
us—that’s
when
you
sounded
your
horn
and
waved
wildly
to
me.
My
daughter
was
about
a
meter
from
the
path
of
the
police
car,
hidden
from
their
view
by
your
car.”可知，“我”看到警车向“我们”疾驰而来，这时你按响了喇叭，疯狂地向“我”挥手。“我”的女儿离警车的车道大约一米远，你的车挡住了他们的视线。据此可推知，那位女士按响喇叭是为了引起这位母亲的注意，提醒她注意她女儿的安全，故D项正确。
3．C 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段可知，当看到小女孩面临危险时，那位女士按响喇叭，并疯狂地向小女孩的母亲挥手；并结合第三段第一、二句“I
screamed
her
name
and
ran
toward
her.
She
stopped
and
was
shocked
by
the
rush
of
the
police
car
as
it
sped
past.”可知，警车疾驰而过，“我”的女儿安然无恙；据此可推知，那位女士反应快速、正确，挽救了小女孩的生命，故C项正确。
4．B 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段第一、二句“She
wondered
why
I
picked
her
up
and
burst
into
tears.
My
legs
gave
way
as
I
reached
the
other
side
of
the
road.”可知，女儿不知道“我”为什么把她抱起来并突然大哭起来；当“我”走到路的另一边时，“我”的腿软了；结合上文可知，一位女士的提醒使“我”的女儿避免了车祸；据此可推知，抓住女儿时，这位母亲既害怕，又感到宽慰，故B项正确。2021届高考二轮英语备考专项冲刺
专题19
【阅读理解】题型增分攻略四原题版
解题指导·触类旁通
寻方法，求策略，掌握“套路”
四．定位对比
找答案—词句猜测题
阅读理解【词句猜测题】满分攻略
推测词义题
命题规律
命题趋势→推测词义是一项阅读基本技能要求，是全国卷历年常考题型，设题1-2题
考查内容→在特殊语言环境有特殊意义的词：专业词汇、生僻字、常用代词。
考查题型→①推测单词或代词含义
②推测短语含义
③推测句子含义
题干设置→常有underlined这一标志词
正确选项特点→①相应词语的同义词语
②相应语句的解释、复述或概括
干扰项特点→
①错误改写
②丢三落四
③半对半错
④曲解原意
顺藤摸瓜
①语境法→
利用上下文及前后提示来推测。有的考查代词指代的对象，需利用整个段落、篇章来推断，甚至要对内容进行总结才能得到。
②同义法→
①常见的标志词：just
as,
also,
as
well
as,
like,
unlike,
similarly等。
②常用并列连词or或and，前后内容在含义上接近或递进。
③常识法→
利用常识和生活经验来推测。需要了解英美习俗、天文地理、宗教信仰、政治体制和社会制度等。
④定义法→
通过定义、定语和同位语来确定词义。
⑤举例法→
常见的标志词：for
example,
for
instance,
such
as,
and
so
on,
just
as,
like,
similarity等。
⑥对比法→
常见的标志词：unlike,
yet,
whereas,
(more...)
than,
instead(of),
while,
differ
from,
difference,
on
the
other
hand,
but,
however,
despite,
in
spite
of,
in
contrast等
⑦因果法→
常见的原因标志词：because
(of),
for,
since,
as
a
result
of等；常见的结果标志词：so,
therefore,
thus,
for
this
reason,as
a
result
,cause,
lead
to,
consequently,
such...that,
so...that
等。
⑧构词法→
根据前缀、后缀和合成词的构词法则来推测。
⑨反义法→
常见的标志词有although,
though,
but,
however,
whereas,
nevertheless,
on
the
contrary,
in
contrast,
rather
than，on
one
hand...on
the
other
hand,
for
one
thing...for
another,
等。
考点突破·针对提能
明考点，攻重难，有效提升
熟记高频词
→
突破阅读理解词汇障碍
高考英语考前必背570个高频词
第
十
七
组
第
十
八
组
461.
triangle
n.
三角（形）462.
sequence
n.
连续；顺序463.
shallow
adj.
浅的464.
shiver
vi/n.
发抖465.
signature
n.
签名466.
sincere
adj.
诚挚的；真诚的467.
utility
n.
功用；效用468.
utilize
vt.
利用469.
utter
vt.
说出
adj.
完全的；彻底的470.
variation
n.
变化；变动471.
vehicle
n.
交通工具；车辆472.
applause
n.
鼓掌；掌声473.
jungle
n.
丛林；密林474.
knot
n.
结
vt.
把...打成结475.
appliance
n.
器具；器械476.
consent
n.准许;同意
vi
(to)准许；同意477.
defect
n.
缺点；缺陷478.
delicate
adj.易碎的；娇弱的；精美的479.
evolve
v.演变480.
evolution
n.
演变；进化481.
exclaim
v.
呼喊；大声说482.
frown
v./n.
皱眉483.
frustrate
vt.
使沮丧484.
guarantee
vt./n.
保证485.
guilty
adj.
内疚的；有罪的486.
jealous
adj.
妒忌的487.
jeans
n.
牛仔裤488.
label
n.
标签489.liter/litre
n.
升490.
modest
adj.
谦虚道
491.
molecule
n.
分子492.
orbit
n.
轨道
v.
（绕...）作轨道运行493.
participate
v.
(in)参与；参加494.
particle
n.
微粒495.
particularly
adv.
特别；尤其496.
respond
vi.
回答；答复；反应497.
sensible
adj.
明智的498.
sensitive
adj.
敏感到；灵敏的499.
tremble
vi.
颤抖500.
trial
n.
审讯；试验501.
apparent
adj.
显然的；明白的502.
appetite
n.
胃口；欲望503.
deposit
n.
存款；定金
v.存放；储蓄504.
deputy
n.
副职；代表505.
derive
vt.
取得；得到；(from)起源于506.
descend
v.
下来；下降507.
numerous
adj.
众多的；许多的508.
mission
n.
使命；代表团509.
mist
n.薄雾510.
noticeable
adj.
显而易见的511.
notify
vt.
通知；告知512.
nuisance
n.
令人讨厌的东西（或人）513.
resemble
vt.
像；类似于514.
reveal
vt.
揭露515.
revenue
n.
收入；岁入；税收516.
shelter
n.
掩蔽处；住所517.
shield
n.
防护物；盾
vt.
保护；防护518.
vital
adj.
重要的；致命的；生命的519.
vitally
adv.
极度；非常；致命地520.
urban
adj.
城市的
第
十
九
组
第
二
十
组
521.
urge
vt.
鼓励；激励522.
urgent
adj.
急迫的；紧急得523.
usage
n.
使用；用法524.
violence
n.
强力；暴力525.
violent
adj.
强暴的526.
welfare
n.
福利527.
whatsoever
adv.
无论怎样；丝毫528.
whereas
conj.
然而；但是；尽管529.
essential
adj.
必不可少的；本质的530.
estimate
n./vt.
估计；估量531.
evaluate
vt.
评估；评价532.
exceed
vt.
超过；越出533.
exceedingly
adv.
非常；极其534.
exclude
vt.
把...排斥在外；不包括535.
exclusive
adj.
独有的；排他的536.
flee
vi.
逃走537.
flexible
adj.
易弯曲的538.
flock
n.羊群；（鸟兽等）一群;一伙人539.
harmony
n.
和谐；融洽540.
haste
n.
急速；急忙541.
hatred
n.
憎恶；憎恨542.
incident
n.
事件；事变543.
index
n.
索引；标志544.
infant
n.
婴儿545.
infect
v.
传染
546.
inferior
adj.
劣等的；次的；下级的547.
infinite
adj.
无限的548.
ingredient
n.
组成部分549.
inhabitant
n.
居民550.
jail
n.
监狱551.
jam
n.
果酱；拥挤；堵塞552.
laser
n.
激光553.
launch
vt.
发动；发起554.
luxury
n.
奢侈；奢侈品555.
magnet
n.
磁铁；磁体556.
male
adj.
男性的；雄的557.
manual
adj.
用手的；手工做的
558.
manufacture
vt./n.
制造；加工559.
marine
adj.
海的；海产的560.
naked
adj.
裸露的561.
neglect
vt.
忽视；忽略562.
primitive
adj.
原始的；早期的563.
quit
v.
停止；放弃564.
quotation
n.
引文；引语565.
recreation
n.
娱乐活动566.
recruit
vt.
招募；吸收（新成员）567.
skim
vt.
搬（去）；掠过；浏览568.
theme
n.
主题569.
textile
n.
纺织品570.
tropical
adj.
热带的；炎热的
2021年高考英语【阅读理解】题型强化训练四原题版
跟踪检测·迁移应用
练模拟，练规范，夯基提能
Test
1
Kendrick
Lamar
hasn’t
had
much
luck
when
it
comes
to
winning
a
Grammy.
But
that’s
OK：The
US
rapper
has
just
won
a
Pulitzer
Prize
for
his
music.
In
2014,
in
2016,
and
again
in
2018,
Lamar
was
nominated
(提名)
for
an
album
of
the
year
Grammy.
Each
time,
he
was
beaten
out,
first
by
Taylor
Swift,
next
by
Daft
Punk,
and
most
recently
by
Bruno
Mars.
But
the
Pulitzer
Prize
committee
was
inspired
enough
by
Lamar’s
2017
album,
Damn.,
to
award
the
Pulitzer
Prize
in
music
on
April
16.
It’s
an
amazing
album
that
documents
the
real
life
of
modern
African?Americans
in
South
Los
Angeles
with
wildly
accomplished
beats
and
rhythms.
Lamar’s
win
is
considered
to
be
historical.
The
Pulitzers
have
long
displayed
their
preference
towards
high
art
rather
than
the
pop
culture
of
the
masses.
So
it’s
not
just
that
no
rapper
has
ever
won
a
Pulitzer:
no
pop
music
maker
has
ever
won
one
in
the
award’s
history.
But
Lamar
is
not
just
a
singer—he’s
clever
at
using
language.
Like
the
best
writers,
his
music
describes
small
moments
that
illustrate
larger
points.
His
songs
are
about
his
experience
as
a
black
man
who
grew
up
in
California,
struggled,
got
into
trouble,
and
found
his
way
out
by
working
hard
and
making
sense
of
the
history
and
reality
in
the
US.
“He’s
an
artist
who
challenges
ideas，”
said
Ryan
Coogler,
director
of
the
blockbuster
(大片)
Black
Panther,
for
which
Lamar
created
music.
“One
big
theme
in
our
film
is
this
idea
of
‘What
does
it
mean
to
be
African？’
Lamar
in
his
music
is
very
exactly
and
directly
challenging
that
question.”
Good
artists
entertain
us,
great
artists
make
us
think,
and
exceptional
artists
help
us
empathize
(产生共鸣)．
There
are
a
lot
of
good,
great,
even
exceptional
artists
in
rock,
pop,
country,
and
hip?hop.
But
only
Lamar
has
won
a
Pulitzer
Prize.
1．What
is
Lamar’s
album
Damn.
about?
A．African?Americans’
history
and
culture.
B．Hardships
of
the
African?American
artists.
C．The
ways
the
US
government
deal
with
problems.
D．The
lives
of
modern
black
people
in
South
Los
Angeles.
2．Why
is
Lamar’s
Pulitzer
Prize
win
significant?
A．He
is
the
first
film?maker
to
win
the
prize.
B．It
is
considered
a
milestone
for
pop
music.
C．He
is
the
first
black
person
to
win
the
prize.
D．He
has
missed
Grammy
several
times
before.
3．What
can
we
learn
from
Ryan
Coogler’s
words?
A．Lamar
drew
inspiration
from
his
own
experience.
B．Lamar
has
the
courage
to
take
on
big
challenges
in
life.
C．Black
Panther
is
well
known
because
of
Lamar’s
music.
D．Lamar’s
music
matches
the
theme
of
Black
Panther
well.
Test
2
Fairy
tales
perform
many
functions.
They
entertain,
encourage
imagination
and
teach
problem?solving
skills.
They
can
also
provide
moral
lessons,
highlighting
the
dangers
of
failing
to
follow
the
social
codes
that
let
human
beings
coexist
in
harmony.
Such
moral
lessons
may
not
mean
much
to
a
robot,
but
a
team
of
researchers
at
Georgia
Institute
of
Technology
believes
it
has
found
a
way
to
use
the
fairy
tales
as
moral
lessons
that
AI(artificial
intelligence)
can
take
to
its
cold,
mechanical
heart.
The
collected
stories
of
different
cultures
teach
children
how
to
behave
in
socially
acceptable
ways
with
examples
of
proper
and
improper
behavior
in
fables,
novels
and
other
literature.
We
believe
story
comprehension
in
robots
can
prevent
the
intelligent
robots
from
killing
humanity
which
was
predicted
and
feared
by
some
of
the
biggest
names
in
technology
including
Stephen
Hawking
and
Bill
Gates.
This
system
is
called
“Quixote”.
It
collects
story
plots
from
the
Internet
and
then
uses
those
stories
to
teach
robots
how
to
behave.
The
experiment
done
by
the
designers
involves
going
to
a
drugstore
to
purchase
some
medicine
for
a
human
who
needs
to
get
it
as
soon
as
possible.
The
robot
has
three
options.
It
can
wait
in
line;
it
can
interact
with
the
storekeeper
politely
and
purchase
the
medicine
with
priority;
or
it
can
steal
the
medicine
and
escape.
Without
any
further
directives(指示),
the
robot
will
come
to
the
conclusion
that
the
most
efficient
means
of
obtaining
the
medicine
is
to
steal
it.
But
Quixote
offers
a
reward
for
waiting
in
line
and
politely
purchasing
the
medicine
and
a
punishment
for
stealing
it.
In
this
way,
the
robot
will
learn
the
moral
way
to
behave
on
that
occasion.
Quixote
would
work
best
on
a
robot
that
has
a
very
limited
function.
It’s
a
baby
step
in
the
direction
of
teaching
more
moral
lessons
into
robots.
We
believe
that
AI
has
to
be
trained
to
adopt
the
values
of
a
particular
society,
and
in
doing
so,
it
will
strive
to
avoid
unacceptable
behavior.
Giving
robots
the
ability
to
read
and
understand
our
stories
may
be
the
most
efficient
means.
1．What
function
do
fairy
tales
perform
in
the
robots?
A．They
entertain
robots.
B．They
highlight
dangers.
C．They
make
robots
more
intelligent.
D．They
enable
robots
to
behave
morally.
2．What
is
“Quixote”
in
the
text?
A．A
punishment
system.
B．A
character
in
literature.
C．A
big
name
in
technology.
D．A
kind
of
software
educating
robots.
3．What
does
the
designer
expect
robots
to
do
in
the
experiment?
A．To
take
advantage
of
its
privilege.
B．To
finish
the
task
most
efficiently.
C．To
perform
in
a
well?mannered
way.
D．To
be
rewarded
by
the
storekeeper.
4．Which
of
the
following
can
best
express
the
author’s
opinion?
A．Robots
will
definitely
have
more
functions.
B．Robots
with
humans’
emotions
are
perfect.
C．Training
robots
to
be
socially
acceptable
is
necessary.
D．The
development
of
robots
is
still
in
a
baby
step.
Test
3
A
walk
through
the
galleries
of
Quebec’s
Montreal
Museum
of
Fine
Arts(MMFA)
places
individuals
face?to?face
with
some
43，000
artworks
ranging
from
Chinese
ceramics
to
Inuit
sculpture.
While
the
visiting
is
an
incredible
cultural
experience,
a
group
of
local
physicians
will
soon
be
able
to
prescribe(开处方)
museum
visits
as
treatment
for
some
illnesses.
“We
know
that
art
contributes
to
neural(神经的)
activity,”
said
MMFA
director
Nathalie
Bondil.
“What
we
see
is
that
being
in
contact
with
art
can
really
help
your
well?being.”
Hélène
Boyer,
vice
president
of
a
Montreal?based
medical
association,
explains
that
museum
visits
have
been
shown
to
increase
levels
of
serotonin,
a
neurotransmitter
(神经递质)
known
as
the
“happy
chemical”
which
helps
to
lift
the
mood.
According
to
Boyer,
the
small
increase
in
hormones
associated
with
enjoying
an
afternoon
of
art
is
similar
to
that
offered
by
exercise,
making
museum
visits
prescriptions
ideal
for
the
elderly
experiencing
pain
that
prevents
them
from
regularly
joining
in
physical
activity.
The
museum
visits
are
designed
to
improve
traditional
methods.
As
Bondil
notes,
spending
time
in
a
peaceful
environment
can
provide
a
welcome
distraction.
“What
is
most
important
is
this
experience
can
help
them
escape
from
their
own
pain，”
she
says.
“When
you
enter
the
museum,
you
escape
from
the
speed
of
our
daily
life.”
“I
am
convinced
that
in
the
21st
century,
culture
will
be
what
physical
activity
was
for
health
in
the
20th
century,”
said
Bondil.
“Some
people
would
do
well
to
recall
that
just
in
the
19th
century,
sports
were
believed
to
do
harm
to
the
body.
Just
as
doctors
now
prescribe
exercise,
they
will
be
able
to
prescribe
a
visit
to
the
MMFA.”
1．What
does
Hélène
Boyer
think
of
museum
visits?
A．They
can
cheer
people
up.
B．They
can
reduce
physical
activity.
C．They
can
slow
down
our
life
pace.
D．They
can
increase
levels
of
art
appreciation.
2．How
do
museum
visits
affect
people?
A．Stop
them
concentrating
on
pain.
B．Stop
them
focusing
on
traditional
methods.
C．Encourage
them
not
to
be
absent?minded.
D．Encourage
them
to
slow
their
steps
while
walking.
3．What
does
the
last
paragraph
suggest?
A．Physical
activity
was
popular
in
the
19th
century.
B．Sports
are
considered
to
be
harmful
to
the
body.
C．Ideas
of
treating
illnesses
are
changing
over
time.
D．Doctors
prescribe
museum
visits
regularly
now.
4．What
is
the
main
idea
of
the
text?
A．Museum
visits
are
ideal
for
the
elderly.
B．The
happy
chemical
helps
to
lift
the
mood.
C．Peaceful
environment
helps
escape
pain.
D．Cultural
activities
will
promote
health.
Test
4
Many
Canadians
are
aware
that
problems
with
the
nation’s
health
care
system
have
resulted
in
a
lack
of
hospital
beds
and
medical
equipment,
overcrowded
emergency
rooms,
long
waiting
lists,
and
not
enough
family
doctors.
Over
the
last
10
years,
the
number
of
medical
students
choosing
the
family
practice
as
their
lifelong
career
has
been
dropping
at
a
surprising
rate.
When
asked
why
they
lack
interest
in
family
medicine,
the
students
cite(援引)
a
heavy
student
debt
load
and
the
long
hours
required
of
a
doctor
who
is
managing
the
family
practice.
As
in
other
kinds
of
work,
young
doctors
today
want
a
balance
between
their
professional
and
personal
lives.
In
British
Columbia(BC)
this
problem
is
made
worse
because
the
province
produces
fewer
medical
graduates
for
each
person
than
any
other
province
in
Canada.
The
provincial
government
has
committed
itself
to
doubling
the
number
of
medical
student
graduates.
This
strategy
doesn’t
come
close
to
giving
us
the
new
doctors
needed
each
year
in
BC
to
replace
those
who
are
retiring,
moving
out
of
the
province,
reducing
their
hours
of
practice,
or
dying.
The
primary
care
system
is
showing
its
cracks.
Ten
years
ago,
2,030
of
BC’s
family
doctors
were
providing
obstetrical(产科的)
care.
Today
just
945
are
performing
this
invaluable
service.
Although
delivering
babies
is
a
“good
news”
area
of
medicine,
the
hours
are
long,
but
the
reward
for
bringing
new
life
into
the
world
is
modest.
It’s
no
surprise,
then,
that
many
of
BC’s
family
doctors
are
no
longer
taking
on
new
patients.
In
1999,
there
were
1,420
family
doctors
accepting
new
patients—in
2004
that
number
declined
to
599,
a
drop
of
58%.
The
foundation
of
primary
care
needs
to
be
strengthened.
The
Working
Agreement
between
the
doctors
and
the
government
includes
a
series
of
primary
care
renewal
projects
designed
to
make
the
family
practice
more
attractive
to
medical
graduates,
improve
upon
working
conditions,
and
entice
family
doctors
from
outside
BC
to
start
their
business
here.
Yet
still
more
needs
to
be
done.
1．What
makes
medical
students
unwilling
to
be
family
physicians?
A．The
student
debt
and
long
working
hours.
B．Long
term
of
study
at
a
medical
school.
C．A
limited
number
of
places
in
the
medical
school.
D．An
increasing
number
of
patients
and
long
waiting
lists
for
specialists.
2．What
does
the
text
say
about
family
doctors
in
BC?
A．They
are
no
longer
needed.
B．They
are
too
few
in
number.
C．They
will
soon
become
abundant.
D．They
are
rapidly
leaving
the
province.
3．Which
can
replace
the
underlined
word
“entice”
in
the
last
paragraph?
A．Forbid.
B．Hire.
C．Remind.
D．Attract.
4．What
is
the
primary
purpose
of
the
text?
A．To
show
sympathy
for
family
doctors.
B．To
inspire
young
people
to
be
family
doctors.
C．To
stress
the
urgent
need
of
more
family
doctors.
D．To
tell
the
disadvantages
of
being
family
doctors.
Test
5
Young
trees
don’t
just
grow；they
develop
a
personality
and
learn
more
about
their
environment
and
how
they
should
best
behave
in
it.
They
also
help
each
other
out
whenever
there’s
trouble.
Personality,
just
as
among
people,
varies
among
trees.
Some
are
anxious,
some
bold.
On
the
author’s
land，there
are
three
oak
trees
growing
close
together.
One
of
the
oak
trees
always
starts
to
shed
its
leaves
two
weeks
earlier
than
the
others.
Since
they
all
experience
the
same
temperature，the
same
soil
and
the
same
length
of
day,
such
variables
can’t
be
the
explanation.
So
what’s
happening？Well，this
tree
is
simply
more
careful
than
the
others.
Whoever
holds
on
to
their
leaves
longer
can
do
more
photosynthesis(光合作用)
and
store
more
nutrients.
However,
the
longer
a
tree
keeps
its
leaves,
the
higher
the
risk
of
injury.
Not
only
do
trees
make
their
own
decisions,
they
also
learn
from
their
mistakes.
A
tree,
for
example,
keeping
its
leaves
too
long
during
one
year
will
never
make
this
mistake
again.
This
leads
to
several
other
conclusions:
trees
must
notice
the
temperature
and
the
length
of
the
day
and
be
able
to
save
their
experiences
somewhere.
Obviously,
trees
don’t
have
brains,
but
it
is
thought
that
in
the
sensitive
tips
of
their
roots
they
keep
track
of
information
and
experiences.
But
trees
aren’t
only
clever
when
it
comes
to
caring
for
themselves.
They
also
support
each
other
whenever
there’s
trouble
by
giving
warnings
and
even
taking
care
of
sick
and
weak
conspecifics
with
nutrients.
For
example,
one
time
the
author
found
a
very
old
tree
stump.
Its
insides
had
rotted
a
long
time
ago
to
topsoil.
But
the
wood
on
the
outside
of
the
stump
was
still
living.
How
was
this
possible？Well,
the
stump
was
nourished
by
its
neighbors
with
nutrients
from
the
root
system,
and
had
been
for
at
least
400
years!
Why
do
trees
do
such
a
thing？It’s
simple:
it’s
better
together.
Trees
need
the
forest;
it
protects
them
from
storms,
provides
the
right
microclimate
and
warns
them
of
attacks.
1．Why
does
the
author
mention
the
three
oak
trees?
A．To
illustrate
trees
can
learn
from
experiences.
B．To
show
trees
can
make
independent
decisions.
C．To
explain
trees
are
quite
supportive
to
each
other.
D．To
prove
trees
have
the
same
personalities
as
humans.
2．According
to
the
text,
which
of
the
following
best
describes
general
features
of
trees?
A．Anxious
and
bold.
B．Smart
and
adventurous.
C．Helpful
and
well?behaved.
D．Adaptable
and
supportive.
3．What
does
the
underlined
phrase
“do
such
a
thing”
mean?
A．Give
warnings.
B．Offer
assistance.
C．Depend
on
others.
D．Provide
nutrients.
4．Where
does
this
text
most
probably
come
from?
A．A
public
lecture.
B．A
science
book.
C．An
experiment
report.
D．A
travel
journal.
Test
6
It
was
about
seven
years
ago.
I
just
picked
up
my
three?year?old
daughter
from
the
nursery.
I
was
weighed
down
with
shopping
bags,
and
with
my
daughter’s
things.
We
arrived
at
a
pedestrian
crossing
and
she
pressed
the
button.
In
the
distance,
I
heard
alarms,
told
my
daughter
to
wait
and
watched
a
police
car
approaching.
Little
did
I
know,
as
the_green_man
flashed,
that
my
daughter
had
begun
to
run
into
the
road.
I
watched
the
police
car
speed
toward
us—that’s
when
you
sounded
your
horn
and
waved
wildly
to
me.
My
daughter
was
about
a
meter
from
the
path
of
the
police
car,
hidden
from
their
view
by
your
car.
I
screamed
her
name
and
ran
toward
her.
She
stopped
and
was
shocked
by
the
rush
of
the
police
car
as
it
sped
past.
She
wondered
why
you
had
blown
your
horn,
asking,
“Mom,
why
was
that
woman
so
rude？”
not
realizing
you
had
saved
her
life.
She
wondered
why
I
picked
her
up
and
burst
into
tears.
My
legs
gave
way
as
I
reached
the
other
side
of
the
road.
I
should
have
followed
my
“wait”
with
a
hand
on
her
shoulder,
or
an
explanation
of
why
we
were
ignoring
the
green
man
this
time,
especially
as
I
had
in
effect
conditioned
her
to
cross
the
road
at
the
sight
of
the
green
flash.
I
beat
myself
up
for
months,
and
still
do,
with
flashbacks
and
horrible
assumptions
about
what
might
have
been.
But
for
your
sounding
your
horn,
seeing
what
I
hadn’t
seen,
I
would
have
been
left
a
mother
on
the
other
side
of
the
road,
totally
broken.
I
apologize
for
putting
you
in
that
position—I
can
imagine
that
it
upset
you，too.
You
saved
her
life
and
I
am
so
grateful.
1．What
does
the
underlined
part
“the
green
man”
in
Paragraph
2
refer
to?
A．A
pedestrian.
B．A
policeman.
C．A
traffic
sign.
D．A
button.
2．Why
did
the
woman
sound
her
horn?
A．To
stop
the
police
car.
B．To
show
her
impatience.
C．To
greet
passing
pedestrians.
D．To
draw
the
mother’s
attention.
3．What
can
we
infer
from
the
incident?
A．The
mother
didn’t
regret
what
had
happened.
B．The
daughter
didn’t
follow
the
traffic
rules.
C．The
woman
responded
quickly
and
properly.
D．The
police
drove
beyond
the
speed
limit.
4．How
did
the
mother
feel
when
taking
hold
of
her
daughter?
A．Angry
and
shocked.
B．Scared
but
relieved.
C．Guilty
and
confused.
D．Grateful
but
sad.
