Unit 1 Dream Homes Grammar 知识点整理及练习牛津译林版英语七年级下册讲义(含答案)

7BU1
Grammar
一、基数词
1. 基数词的读法：
(1)1-12为独立的单词，有其各自的形式one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve
(2)13-19都以teen结尾 thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen
(3)20-90之间的“整十”都以ty结尾 twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety
(4)20-99之间的“几十几”，先说“几十”，再说“几”，且中间加连词符“—”。
56：fifty-six 28：twenty-eight 37：thirty-seven
(5)101-999之间的非整百的基数词读法为： 百位数和十位数（或个位数）之间用and连接。
928： nine hundred and twenty-eight
123： one hundred and twenty-three
764： seven hundred and sixty-four
[注意]：hundred不用复数
(6)1000以上的数，从后往前每三位一段，倒数第一段读thousand，倒数第二段读million，依次类推。
123，456，789：one hundred and twenty-three million four hundred and fifty-six thousand seven
hundred and eighty-nine
[注意]：million与thousand 和hundred一样，不用复数
2. 基数词的运用：
(1)从句子成分上分析，基数词在句中可作主语、宾语、表语等。
Five of the students were late for school.（主语）
五个学生迟到了。
I want two. （宾语）
我要两个。
[注意]如数词和定冠词连用，表示全部。
The five of the students were late for school.（主语）
五个学生都迟到了。
I want the two. （宾语）
我要那两个。
(2)基数词可以用来表示事物的编号。
Today we are going to study Lesson Five.
今天我们要进修第五课。
Let's begin at page 9.
咱们从第9页开始。
(3)基数词可以用来表示时间。
2:00 two o’clock
9:30 nine thirty / half past nine
5:45 five forty-five / a quarter to six
(4)基数词可以用于表示加减乘除的数字。
3+2=5 Three and two is five。 （三加二等于五）
10-5=5 Ten minus five is five。 （十减五等于五）
5×6=30 Five times six is thirty. （五乘六等于三十）
(5)用基数词表示大几倍或者小多少。
He failed his driving test three times.
他考了三次驾驶执照都没通过。
(6)用基数词表示百分数。
Only 8 percent of the area is forested.
这里只有百分之八是丛林地带。
(7)用苦数词表示带有小数的词。小数点的前的整数按基数词的规则表示，小数点写作point，小数点后的数字应按数字顺序直接表示出来，即“见几读几”。
18.38 可写成 eighteen point three eight
二、序数词
1.序数词的构成
(1)序数词是由基数词在词尾加－th构成，表示顺序的数词。它的前面一般要用定冠词the。the fourth 第四
(2)序数词的1，2，3这三个数字是特殊变化，即它们不是在基数词的后面加－th，需要特别记忆和掌握。第一是：first，第二是：second，第三是：third。
(3)从第四到第十九的序数词都是在基数词的后面加－th，但要注意：第五是fifth，第八是eighth，第九是ninth，第十二是twelfth这几个特殊变化。
(4)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的基数词，变为序数词时，把字母y改为ie再加－th。
twenty－twentieth第二十，thirty－thirtieth第三十。
(5)从二十一到九十九的序数词（整十数除外），前面的十位数用基数词，后面的个位数用序数词，中间用连字符号连接。例如：twenty-four－twenty-fourth第二十四。
(6)第一百、第一千、第一百万分别在相对应的基数词的后面直接加－th。
hundredth，thousandth，millionth
2.序数词的运用：
(1)序数词主要作定语、表语，前面要加定冠词the。
The first word begins with an F.
第一个词以F开头。
(2)序数词的冠词的连用
①和定冠词的连用，表示顺序。
Is your room on the second floor?
您的房间是在二楼吗？
②和不定冠词连用，表示“又一，再一”。
Shall I ask him a third time?
我还要第三次问他吗？
③和零冠词连用，表示名次，起副词的作用。
Wendy came first, then John, then Michael.
温迪先来，然后是约翰，然后是迈克尔。
(3)序数词可以表示日期。
July 15th, 2020 （2020年7月15日）
(4)数词前加every，表示“每隔一段时间”。
every fourth year=every four years 每隔3年/每4年
[经典例题]
1.[2020 ?黑龙江省龙东地区中考]My son is ________ years old. Today is his ________ birthday.
A. twelve；twelve B. twelve；twelfth C. twelfth；twelve
2.[2020 ?山东滨州市中考]—I like the number “9” best, because I think it stands for “long lasting”.
— Me too. So I choose ________ floor to live on.
A. nine B. ninth C. the nine D. the ninth
3.[2020 ?重庆市B卷中考]Teachers' Day is in September, the _________ month of the year.
A. nine B. ninth C. ten D. tenth
4.[2020 ?贵州黔南州]Tomorrow we are going to celebrate my dear grandpa's __________ birthday.
A. eighty B. eightieth C. eight D. eighth
5.[2020 ?吉林省]On my_____________ birthday, my aunt gave me a nice dress as a present.
A. nine B. ninth C. the ninth
6.[2020 ?镇江市]Peng Min finally became the winner of___________ season of CCTV's Chinese Poetry Conference.
A. five B. fifth C. the fifth D. fifths
7.[2020 ?辽宁丹东]The words from Page 1 to Page 3 are very clear. But the ones on the ________ page are not.
A. first B. two C. three D. fourth
8.[2020?益阳市]We all know that ________ birds fly to Dongting Lake in winter.
A. million B. millions C. millions of
9.[2019 ? 广东省中考]We are proud of our country. The year 2019 is her __________ birthday.
A. seventy B. the seventy C. the seventieth D. seventieth
10.[2019 ? 江苏省宿迁市]Wu Dajing, a __________ Chinese skater, set a new world record at the Short Track World Cup last year.
A. 25-years-old B. 25 year old C. 25-year-old D. 25 years old
11.[2019 ? 甘肃省武威市]September is the __________ month of a year.
A. seventh B. eighth C. ninth D. tenth
12.[2019 ? 甘肃省兰州市]We gave away __________ books to the school library last year.
A. six thousands B. six thousand
C. six thousands of D. six thousand of
13.[2019 ? 湖南省郴州市]Every year, __________ books are given away to the poor children in the countryside.
A. thousand B. thousands of C. thousand of
14.[2019 ? 山东省滨州市]—Which month of the year do you like best?
—July, the __________ month, because summer vacation begin in this month.
A. seven B. six C. seventh D. sixth
15.[2019 ? 黑龙江省哈尔滨市]—We’ll?celebrate?the __________ National?Day?this?year.
—That’s?really?exciting。
A.?seventy B.?seventeen C.?seventieth
16.[2019 ? 湖北省鄂州市]Our country is nearly __________ years old. We’ll celebrate its __________ birthday on October 1, 2019 around the country.
A. seventy; seventy B. seventy; seventieth
C. seventieth; seventy D. seventieth; seventieth
17.[2019 ? 湖南省湘西市]—How many books are there on the shelf？
—Well. I think there are_________books.
A. two hundred and forty-six B. two hundreds and forty
C. two hundred fourteen
18.[2019 ? 四川省凉山州]There are_______ people in Dale’s family. They live on the _______ floor.
A. five; nine B. fifth; nine C. five; ninth D. fifth; ninth
19.[2019 ? 黑龙江省大庆市]________ volunteers will be needed for 2020 Beijing Winter Olympic Games.
A. Two thousand of B. Two thousands of C. Thousand of D. Thousands of
20.[2019 ? 四川省广元市]On my ________ birthday, I got a new schoolbag as a gift from my parents.
A. nine B. ninth C. the ninth
【知识梳理1】The CN Tower is 1,815 feet tall .
= The CN Tower is 1,815 feet in height.(P11)
加拿大国家电视塔有1815英尺高。
foot，可数名词，意为“英尺”，复数为feet。
We're flying at 35 000 feet.
我们在35 000英尺高空飞行。
[拓展]还可意为“脚”，复数仍然是feet。
Those shoes are bad for her feet.
那双鞋会伤她的脚。
[经典例题]
(1)There are many rivers at ________ of the mountain.
A the foot B. the feet C. feet D. foot
(2)How _______ can you throw?
About 20 feet _______.
A. far; far B. long; away C. far; away D. long; far away
【知识梳理2】Red Square in Moscow is about 91,000 square metres in size.(P11)
莫斯科的红场在大小上大的9.1万平方米。
1.square ，形容词，意为“平方的；正方形的”。
The room is 12 square metres in area.
这个房间面积是12平方米。
[拓展]square，名词，意为“正方形；广场”。
The leaves fell slowly from the trees in the Square.
广场上，树叶缓缓地飘落。
2.metre 名词，意为“米，公尺”，复数为 metres。
She has jumped 2.2 metres.
她跳了2.2米。
[拓展]kilometre，名词，意为“千米”，复数为kilometres。
A thousand kilometres separates the two cities.
两座城市相隔一千公里。
3.in size 介词短语，意为“在大小上”。
The two houses are similar in size.
两座房子大小差不多。
[拓展]类似的固定短语有：
in area 按面积计算，在面积方面
in weight 在重量上
in age 在年龄上
in colour 在颜色上
in length在长度上
【知识梳理3】France has an area of over 260,000 square miles.
=France is over 260,000 square miles in size.(P11)
法国面积超过260,000平方英里。
1.have an area of，意为“有……面积”，相当于be...in area/size。
The farm has an area of 100 square kilometers.
这个农场占地100平方公里。
2.over，意为“多于，超过”，相当于more than。
He's over 50. 他已年过半百。
[经典例题]
(1)In the south of China, some people build their houses ________ the rivers.
A. under B. in C. over D. below
(2)There are ___________ ten rooms in the house.
A. over B. more than C. fewer than D. A, B and C
(3)Sandy phoned to invite me out _______ dinner.
A. to B. of C. over D. for
【知识梳理4】He is always the first to come to school in our class. (P12)
在我们班他总是第一个来上学。
句子中动词不定式to come to school作后置定语修饰序数词the first，并且与中心词是主动关系。
She was the last to go to bed.
她是最后一个睡觉的人。
[经典例题]
(1)Peppa is always ________finish the homework.
A. first B. first student to C. the first D. the first to
7BU1
Grammar
一、基数词
1. 基数词的读法：
(1)1-12为独立的单词，有其各自的形式one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve
(2)13-19都以teen结尾 thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen
(3)20-90之间的“整十”都以ty结尾 twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety
(4)20-99之间的“几十几”，先说“几十”，再说“几”，且中间加连词符“—”。
56：fifty-six 28：twenty-eight 37：thirty-seven
(5)101-999之间的非整百的基数词读法为： 百位数和十位数（或个位数）之间用and连接。
928： nine hundred and twenty-eight
123： one hundred and twenty-three
764： seven hundred and sixty-four
[注意]：hundred不用复数
(6)1000以上的数，从后往前每三位一段，倒数第一段读thousand，倒数第二段读million，依次类推。
123，456，789：one hundred and twenty-three million four hundred and fifty-six thousand seven
hundred and eighty-nine
[注意]：million与thousand 和hundred一样，不用复数
2. 基数词的运用：
(1)从句子成分上分析，基数词在句中可作主语、宾语、表语等。
Five of the students were late for school.（主语）
五个学生迟到了。
I want two. （宾语）
我要两个。
[注意]如数词和定冠词连用，表示全部。
The five of the students were late for school.（主语）
五个学生都迟到了。
I want the two. （宾语）
我要那两个。
(2)基数词可以用来表示事物的编号。
Today we are going to study Lesson Five.
今天我们要进修第五课。
Let's begin at page 9.
咱们从第9页开始。
(3)基数词可以用来表示时间。
2:00 two o’clock
9:30 nine thirty / half past nine
5:45 five forty-five / a quarter to six
(4)基数词可以用于表示加减乘除的数字。
3+2=5 Three and two is five。 （三加二等于五）
10-5=5 Ten minus five is five。 （十减五等于五）
5×6=30 Five times six is thirty. （五乘六等于三十）
(5)用基数词表示大几倍或者小多少。
He failed his driving test three times.
他考了三次驾驶执照都没通过。
(6)用基数词表示百分数。
Only 8 percent of the area is forested.
这里只有百分之八是丛林地带。
(7)用苦数词表示带有小数的词。小数点的前的整数按基数词的规则表示，小数点写作point，小数点后的数字应按数字顺序直接表示出来，即“见几读几”。
18.38 可写成 eighteen point three eight
二、序数词
1.序数词的构成
(1)序数词是由基数词在词尾加－th构成，表示顺序的数词。它的前面一般要用定冠词the。the fourth 第四
(2)序数词的1，2，3这三个数字是特殊变化，即它们不是在基数词的后面加－th，需要特别记忆和掌握。第一是：first，第二是：second，第三是：third。
(3)从第四到第十九的序数词都是在基数词的后面加－th，但要注意：第五是fifth，第八是eighth，第九是ninth，第十二是twelfth这几个特殊变化。
(4)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的基数词，变为序数词时，把字母y改为ie再加－th。
twenty－twentieth第二十，thirty－thirtieth第三十。
(5)从二十一到九十九的序数词（整十数除外），前面的十位数用基数词，后面的个位数用序数词，中间用连字符号连接。例如：twenty-four－twenty-fourth第二十四。
(6)第一百、第一千、第一百万分别在相对应的基数词的后面直接加－th。
hundredth，thousandth，millionth
2.序数词的运用：
(1)序数词主要作定语、表语，前面要加定冠词the。
The first word begins with an F.
第一个词以F开头。
(2)序数词的冠词的连用
①和定冠词的连用，表示顺序。
Is your room on the second floor?
您的房间是在二楼吗？
②和不定冠词连用，表示“又一，再一”。
Shall I ask him a third time?
我还要第三次问他吗？
③和零冠词连用，表示名次，起副词的作用。
Wendy came first, then John, then Michael.
温迪先来，然后是约翰，然后是迈克尔。
(3)序数词可以表示日期。
July 15th, 2020 （2020年7月15日）
(4)数词前加every，表示“每隔一段时间”。
every fourth year=every four years 每隔3年/每4年
[经典例题]
1.[2020 ?黑龙江省龙东地区中考]My son is ________ years old. Today is his ________ birthday.
A. twelve；twelve B. twelve；twelfth C. twelfth；twelve
2.[2020 ?山东滨州市中考]—I like the number “9” best, because I think it stands for “long lasting”.
— Me too. So I choose ________ floor to live on.
A. nine B. ninth C. the nine D. the ninth
3.[2020 ?重庆市B卷中考]Teachers' Day is in September, the _________ month of the year.
A. nine B. ninth C. ten D. tenth
4.[2020 ?贵州黔南州]Tomorrow we are going to celebrate my dear grandpa's __________ birthday.
A. eighty B. eightieth C. eight D. eighth
5.[2020 ?吉林省]On my_____________ birthday, my aunt gave me a nice dress as a present.
A. nine B. ninth C. the ninth
6.[2020 ?镇江市]Peng Min finally became the winner of___________ season of CCTV's Chinese Poetry Conference.
A. five B. fifth C. the fifth D. fifths
7.[2020 ?辽宁丹东]The words from Page 1 to Page 3 are very clear. But the ones on the ________ page are not.
A. first B. two C. three D. fourth
8.[2020?益阳市]We all know that ________ birds fly to Dongting Lake in winter.
A. million B. millions C. millions of
9.[2019 ? 广东省中考]We are proud of our country. The year 2019 is her __________ birthday.
A. seventy B. the seventy C. the seventieth D. seventieth
10.[2019 ? 江苏省宿迁市]Wu Dajing, a __________ Chinese skater, set a new world record at the Short Track World Cup last year.
A. 25-years-old B. 25 year old C. 25-year-old D. 25 years old
11.[2019 ? 甘肃省武威市]September is the __________ month of a year.
A. seventh B. eighth C. ninth D. tenth
12.[2019 ? 甘肃省兰州市]We gave away __________ books to the school library last year.
A. six thousands B. six thousand
C. six thousands of D. six thousand of
13.[2019 ? 湖南省郴州市]Every year, __________ books are given away to the poor children in the countryside.
A. thousand B. thousands of C. thousand of
14.[2019 ? 山东省滨州市]—Which month of the year do you like best?
—July, the __________ month, because summer vacation begin in this month.
A. seven B. six C. seventh D. sixth
15.[2019 ? 黑龙江省哈尔滨市]—We’ll?celebrate?the __________ National?Day?this?year.
—That’s?really?exciting。
A.?seventy B.?seventeen C.?seventieth
16.[2019 ? 湖北省鄂州市]Our country is nearly __________ years old. We’ll celebrate its __________ birthday on October 1, 2019 around the country.
A. seventy; seventy B. seventy; seventieth
C. seventieth; seventy D. seventieth; seventieth
17.[2019 ? 湖南省湘西市]—How many books are there on the shelf？
—Well. I think there are_________books.
A. two hundred and forty-six B. two hundreds and forty
C. two hundred fourteen
18.[2019 ? 四川省凉山州]There are_______ people in Dale’s family. They live on the _______ floor.
A. five; nine B. fifth; nine C. five; ninth D. fifth; ninth
19.[2019 ? 黑龙江省大庆市]________ volunteers will be needed for 2020 Beijing Winter Olympic Games.
A. Two thousand of B. Two thousands of C. Thousand of D. Thousands of
20.[2019 ? 四川省广元市]On my ________ birthday, I got a new schoolbag as a gift from my parents.
A. nine B. ninth C. the ninth
答案1-5BDBBB 6-10CDCDC 11-15CBBCC 16-20BACDB
【知识梳理1】The CN Tower is 1,815 feet tall .
= The CN Tower is 1,815 feet in height.(P11)
加拿大国家电视塔有1815英尺高。
foot，可数名词，意为“英尺”，复数为feet。
We're flying at 35 000 feet.
我们在35 000英尺高空飞行。
[拓展]还可意为“脚”，复数仍然是feet。
Those shoes are bad for her feet.
那双鞋会伤她的脚。
[经典例题]
(1)There are many rivers at ________ of the mountain.
A the foot B. the feet C. feet D. foot
(2)How _______ can you throw?
About 20 feet _______.
A. far; far B. long; away C. far; away D. long; far away
答案：AC
【知识梳理2】Red Square in Moscow is about 91,000 square metres in size.(P11)
莫斯科的红场在大小上大的9.1万平方米。
1.square ，形容词，意为“平方的；正方形的”。
The room is 12 square metres in area.
这个房间面积是12平方米。
[拓展]square，名词，意为“正方形；广场”。
The leaves fell slowly from the trees in the Square.
广场上，树叶缓缓地飘落。
2.metre 名词，意为“米，公尺”，复数为 metres。
She has jumped 2.2 metres.
她跳了2.2米。
[拓展]kilometre，名词，意为“千米”，复数为kilometres。
A thousand kilometres separates the two cities.
两座城市相隔一千公里。
3.in size 介词短语，意为“在大小上”。
The two houses are similar in size.
两座房子大小差不多。
[拓展]类似的固定短语有：
in area 按面积计算，在面积方面
in weight 在重量上
in age 在年龄上
in colour 在颜色上
in length在长度上
【知识梳理3】France has an area of over 260,000 square miles.
=France is over 260,000 square miles in size.(P11)
法国面积超过260,000平方英里。
1.have an area of，意为“有……面积”，相当于be...in area/size。
The farm has an area of 100 square kilometers.
这个农场占地100平方公里。
2.over，意为“多于，超过”，相当于more than。
He's over 50. 他已年过半百。
[经典例题]
(1)In the south of China, some people build their houses ________ the rivers.
A. under B. in C. over D. below
(2)There are ___________ ten rooms in the house.
A. over B. more than C. fewer than D. A, B and C
(3)Sandy phoned to invite me out _______ dinner.
A. to B. of C. over D. for
答案：CDD
【知识梳理4】He is always the first to come to school in our class. (P12)
在我们班他总是第一个来上学。
句子中动词不定式to come to school作后置定语修饰序数词the first，并且与中心词是主动关系。
She was the last to go to bed.
她是最后一个睡觉的人。
[经典例题]
(1)Peppa is always ________finish the homework.
A. first B. first student to C. the first D. the first to
答案：D