中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
介词和介词短语导学案
易错点一：时间介词in，on与at用混
(2020北京)Usually
I
make
breakfast
for
my
family
________
Saturdays.
A．at
B．in
C．on
D．to
【详解】句意：通常我在星期六为我的家人做早餐。at＋钟点，表示在几点钟；in＋年/月，表示在某年或某月；on＋星期/具体的日子，表示在星期几或某一天；to向。on
Saturdays在星期六，故选C项。
(2019贵阳)The
People's
Republic
of
China
was
founded
________
October
1st,1949.We'll
celebrate
its
70th
anniversary
this
year.
A．in
B．on
C．at
【详解】句意：中华人民共和国于1949年10月1日成立。今年我们将庆祝它成立70周年。在具体的某一天前应用介词on。
知识点再现
in
用在世纪、年份、季节、月份、泛指一天的上午、下午或晚上前
如：in
the
21st
century在21世纪；in
2019
在2019年；in
March
在三月；in
spring
在春天；in
the
morning
在上午
on
用在具体的某一天(的上午、下午或晚上)，也可用于星期或节日前
如：on
New
Year's
Day
在元旦；on
Monday
在星期一；on
a
cold
winter
morning
在一个寒冷冬天的早晨
at
用在某一具体的时刻，也可用在固定短语中
如：at
six
o'clock
在6点钟；at
noon/night
在正午/晚上
易错点二：时间介词in与after用混
(2018广东)—How
soon
will
we
get
the
offer
from
a
new
high
school?
—________
about
two
months.
A．In
B．For
C．Among
D．During
【详解】句意：——多久我们才会收到新高中的录取通知书？——大概两个月后吧。how
soon对从现在开始到将来某动作结束或发生的这段时间提问，常用在将来时态中，回答用“in＋一段时间”，故选A项。
(2017东营)Doctors
say
that
the
first
10
minutes
________
a
traffic
accident
is
important
for
saving
a
life.
A．in
B．before
C．after
D．during
【详解】句意：医生说交通事故发生后的前10分钟对拯救生命是重要的。in在……之内；before在……以前；after在……之后；during在……期间。拯救生命发生在交通事故之后。故选C项。
知识点再现
in
两者皆可表示“在……以后”
以现在为起点，“in＋时间段”常用于将来时态的句子中
如：I
will
go
to
Beijing
in
three
days.
after
1.以过去为起点，“after＋时间段”常用于过去时态的句子中
如：Tom
left
here
after
three
days.
2.以现在为起点，“after＋时间点”常用于现在或将来时态的句子中
如：Bob
will
go
to
Beijing
after
five
o'clock.
易错点三：时间介词for与since用混
(2020·铜仁)—How
long
have
you
had
the
cell
phone,
Kangkang?
—I’ve
had
it
two
months.
It
helps
me
a
lot.
A.for
B.since
C.in
D.on
【详解】考查介词辨析。句意:“康康,你买手机多久了?”“我已经买了两个月了。它对我很有帮助。”根据语境和“two
months”可知,用介词for,后接一段时间。故选A。
知识点再现
for
“for＋时间段”表示“多长时间”，指时间的延续，常与现在完成时连用
如：I
have
lived
here
for
more
than
twenty
years.
since
“since＋时间点”表示“自从……以来”，常与现在完成时连用
如：He
has
been
a
teacher
in
No.13
Middle
School
since
2001.
易错点四：方式介词by,
in与with用混
(2019河北)This
story
is
________
simple
English.
My
little
sister
can
read
it.
A．for
B．in
C．with
D．by
【详解】句意：这个故事是用简单的英语写的。我的小妹妹都可以阅读它。表示“用英语”应用in
English，故选B项。
(2020黄石)More
and
more
people
in
Huangshi
choose
to
go
to
work
________bike.
A.
in
B.
with
C.
on
D.
by
【详解】句意：在黄石越来越多的人选择骑自行车上班。in在……里面；with和……一起；on在……上面；by通过……方式。根据句意可知，这里表示乘坐交通工具，in和on后跟交通工具时，都应有冠词或限定词；by后不用，故选D。
知识点再现
by
表示用某种方式或手段、途径等，也可和表示交通工具的名词连用
The
girl
made
money
by
selling
flowers.
in
表示用某种材料或语言、声音等
Can
you
sing
this
song
in
English?
with
表示“用……工具/手段”，一般接具体的工具或手段
I
write
my
homework
with
a
pen.
易错点五：but,
besides与except用混
(2020黔东南)All
of
us
helped
to
clean
up
the
old
people's
home
________
Eric.
He
had
a
bad
cold.
A．besides
B．against
C．except
D．with
【详解】句意：除了埃里克，我们都帮忙打扫了老人之家。他得了重感冒。根据下文He
had
a
bad
cold.可知，埃里克没去帮忙打扫老人之家。except表示从整体中除去某一部分，符合句意，故选C项。
知识点再现
but
表示“除……之外”，常与含否定意义的词连用
We
have
had
nothing
but
trouble
with
this
car.
besides
表示“除……之外(还有)”，它的意思是在原来的基础上加上besides除外的人或物。其前常有other、another、any
other、a
few等词
I
have
a
few
good
friends
besides
you.
except
表示“除……之外(不再有)”，指从整体中排除except所接的人或物，前面常有all、every、any、no等
All
the
students
went
to
the
zoo
except
Jim.
易错点六：地点、方位介词in,
on,
to与at用混
(2020龙东)—Many
doctors
and
nurses
went
to
Hubei
in
February.
—Hubei
is
far
from
Heilongjiang.
It's
_______
the
south
of
China,
________
the
south
of
Henan.
A．in;
to
B．on;
to
C．in;
on
【详解】句意：——许多医生和护士在二月去了湖北。
——湖北离黑龙江很远。它在中国的南部，在河南的南部。根据常识可知，湖北省在中国境内，故第一个空应用介词in，B选项可排除；湖北与河南接壤且位于河南南部，故第二个空应用介词on。故选C项。
知识点再现
in
用于较大的地方前(如:国家、城市、乡镇、水域等)
in
China
表示某一小地方(相对)在另一大地点之内
Uncle
Tom
lives
on
a
farm
in
the
country.
on
在……表面或在广阔的平面上
on
the
floor
表示两地接壤
Hunan
is
on
the
south
of
Hubei.
to
表示两地点隔海相望
Japan
lies
to
the
east
of
China.
at
用于较小的场所前
at
home
易错点七：across,
over与through用混
(2019河南)—Shall
I
help
you
________
the
street,
Grandpa?
—No,
thanks.
I
can
manage
it
myself.
A．on
B．with
C．across
D．along
【详解】句意：——爷爷，我搀扶您过马路好吗？——不用了，谢谢。我自己可以过马路。across表示“从一边到另一边”，across
the
street意为“过马路”，符合语境，故答案为C项。
(2020凉山州)—Look,
there
is
a
cute
bird,
Mom.
—It
flew
into
our
kitchen
________the
window
just
now,
Alex.
A．across
B．through
C．above
D．under
【详解】句意：——妈妈，看，有一只可爱的鸟。——亚历克斯，它刚刚穿过窗户飞进我们的厨房。根据句意可知，小鸟穿过窗户内部飞进来，用through，故选B项。
知识点再现
across
指从物体的一侧到另一侧或从某个范围的一边到另一边,表示“横过”
He
swam
across
the
river
yesterday.
over
指从某一物体的上方“越过、翻越过去”
Jack
told
me
that
he
could
jump
over
the
desk.
through
指从某一物体的内部“穿过”,即动作是在物体的三维空间进行的,表示“穿过”树林、洞、门、窗、房间等时,均可用through
The
girl
went
through
the
forest
alone.
易错点八：介词短语
(2020滨州)—I
think
washing
hands
every
day
is
good________
our
health.
—Yes,
I
agree________you!
A．to;
to
B．with;
to
C．for;
with
D．at;
with
【详解】句意：——我认为每天洗手有利于我们的健康。——是的，我同意你的观点！be
good
to对……好；be
good
with与……相处得好；be
good
for有利于；be
good
at擅长。根据our
health可知，此处表示有利于健康，故用be
good
for；第二空后宾语you表示人，表示同意你的观点，所以用短语agree
with。故选C项。
知识点再现
1.
介词与动词的常见搭配
ask
for
要；请求
hear
from
收到……来信
wait
for
等待
learn
from
向……学习
leave
for
前往
send
for
派人去请
think
of
考虑
listen
to
听
depend
on
依靠
laugh
at
嘲笑
look
after
照顾
look
for
寻找
arrive
in/at
到达
worry
about
担心
regard
…
as
把……当作
2.
介词与名词的常见搭配
on
time
准时
in
English
用英语
in
danger处于危险中
in
fact
事实上
on
the
left/right
在左/右边
on
one’s
way
to在某人去……的路上
with/without
one’s
help
有/没有某人的帮助
to
one’s
surprise
使某人惊讶的是
3.
介词与形容词的常见搭配
be
good
at
擅长于……
be
proud
of
为……而自豪
be
full
of/be
filled
with
充满
be
afraid
of
害怕
be
busy
with
忙于
be
kind
to
对某人友好
be
strict
with
对某人要求严格
be
ready
for
为……做准备
be
late
for
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易错点归纳与突破
--介词与介词短语
2021中考英语
时间介词in，on与at用混
(2020北京)Usually
I
make
breakfast
for
my
family
________
Saturdays.
A．at
B．in
C．on
D．to
【详解】句意：通常我在星期六为我的家人做早餐。at＋钟点，表示在几点钟；in＋年/月，表示在某年或某月；on＋星期/具体的日子，表示在星期几或某一天；to向。on
Saturdays在星期六，故选C项。
易错点一：
(2019贵阳)The
People's
Republic
of
China
was
founded
________
October
1st,1949.We'll
celebrate
its
70th
anniversary
this
year.
A．in
B．on
C．at
【详解】句意：中华人民共和国于1949年10月1日成立。今年我们将庆祝它成立70周年。在具体的某一天前应用介词on。
in
用在世纪、年份、季节、月份、泛指一天的上午、下午或晚上前
如：in
the
21st
century在21世纪；
in
2019
在2019年；in
March
在三月；
in
spring
在春天；in
the
morning
在上午
on
用在具体的某一天(的上午、下午或晚上)，也可用于星期或节日前
如：on
New
Year's
Day
在元旦；
on
Monday
在星期一；
on
a
cold
winter
morning
在一个寒冷冬天的早晨
at
用在某一具体的时刻，也可用在固定短语中
如：at
six
o'clock
在6点钟；
at
noon/night
在正午/晚上
知识点再现
时间介词in与after用混
(2018广东)—How
soon
will
we
get
the
offer
from
a
new
high
school?
—________
about
two
months.
A．In
B．For
C．Among
D．During
【详解】句意：——多久我们才会收到新高中的录取通知书？——大概两个月后吧。how
soon对从现在开始到将来某动作结束或发生的这段时间提问，常用在将来时态中，回答用“in＋一段时间”，故选A项。
易错点二：
(2017东营)Doctors
say
that
the
first
10
minutes
________
a
traffic
accident
is
important
for
saving
a
life.
A．in
B．before
C．after
D．during
【详解】句意：医生说交通事故发生后的前10分钟对拯救生命是重要的。in在……之内；before在……以前；after在……之后；during在……期间。拯救生命发生在交通事故之后。故选C项。
in
两者皆可表示“在……以后”
以现在为起点，“in＋时间段”常用于将来时态的句子中
如：I
will
go
to
Beijing
in
three
days.
after
1.以过去为起点，“after＋时间段”常用于过去时态的句子中
如：Tom
left
here
after
three
days.
2.以现在为起点，“after＋时间点”常用于现在或将来时态的句子中
如：Bob
will
go
to
Beijing
after
five
o'clock.
知识点再现
时间介词for与since用混
(2020·铜仁)—How
long
have
you
had
the
cell
phone,
Kangkang?
—I’ve
had
it
two
months.
It
helps
me
a
lot.
A.for
B.since
C.in
D.on
【详解】考查介词辨析。句意:“康康,你买手机多久了?”“我已经买了两个月了。它对我很有帮助。”根据语境和“two
months”可知,用介词for,后接一段时间。故选A。
易错点三：
for
“for＋时间段”表示“多长时间”，指时间的延续，常与现在完成时连用
如：I
have
lived
here
for
more
than
twenty
years.
since
“since＋时间点”表示“自从……以来”，常与现在完成时连用
如：He
has
been
a
teacher
in
No.13
Middle
School
since
2001.
知识点再现
方式介词by,
in与with用混
(2019河北)This
story
is
________
simple
English.
My
little
sister
can
read
it.
A．for
B．in
C．with
D．by
【详解】句意：这个故事是用简单的英语写的。我的小妹妹都可以阅读它。表示“用英语”应用in
English，故选B项。
易错点四：
(2020黄石)More
and
more
people
in
Huangshi
choose
to
go
to
work
________bike.
A.
in
B.
with
C.
on
D.
by
【详解】句意：在黄石越来越多的人选择骑自行车上班。in在……里面；with和……一起；on在……上面；by通过……方式。根据句意可知，这里表示乘坐交通工具，in和on后跟交通工具时，都应有冠词或限定词；by后不用，故选D。
by
表示用某种方式或手段、途径等，也可和表示交通工具的名词连用
The
girl
made
money
by
selling
flowers.
in
表示用某种材料或语言、声音等
Can
you
sing
this
song
in
English?
with
表示“用……工具/手段”，一般接具体的工具或手段
I
write
my
homework
with
a
pen.
知识点再现
but,
besides与except用混
(2020黔东南)All
of
us
helped
to
clean
up
the
old
people's
home
________
Eric.
He
had
a
bad
cold.
A．besides
B．against
C．except
D．with
【详解】句意：除了埃里克，我们都帮忙打扫了老人之家。他得了重感冒。根据下文He
had
a
bad
cold.可知，埃里克没去帮忙打扫老人之家。except表示从整体中除去某一部分，符合句意，故选C项。
易错点五：
but
表示“除……之外”，常与含否定意义的词连用
We
have
had
nothing
but
trouble
with
this
car.
besides
表示“除……之外(还有)”，它的意思是在原来的基础上加上besides除外的人或物。其前常有other、another、any
other、a
few等词
I
have
a
few
good
friends
besides
you.
except
表示“除……之外(不再有)”，指从整体中排除except所接的人或物，前面常有all、every、any、no等
All
the
students
went
to
the
zoo
except
Jim.
知识点再现
地点、方位介词in,
on,
to与at用混
(2020龙东)—Many
doctors
and
nurses
went
to
Hubei
in
February.
—Hubei
is
far
from
Heilongjiang.
It's
_______
the
south
of
China,
________
the
south
of
Henan.
A．in;
to
B．on;
to
C．in;
on
【详解】句意：——许多医生和护士在二月去了湖北。
——湖北离黑龙江很远。它在中国的南部，在河南的南部。根据常识可知，湖北省在中国境内，故第一个空应用介词in，B选项可排除；湖北与河南接壤且位于河南南部，故第二个空应用介词on。故选C项。
易错点六：
in
用于较大的地方前(如:国家、城市、乡镇、水域等)
in
China
表示某一小地方(相对)在另一大地点之内
Uncle
Tom
lives
on
a
farm
in
the
country.
on
在……表面或在广阔的平面上
on
the
floor
表示两地接壤
Hunan
is
on
the
south
of
Hubei.
to
表示两地点隔海相望
Japan
lies
to
the
east
of
China.
at
用于较小的场所前
at
home
知识点再现
across,
over与through用混
(2019河南)—Shall
I
help
you
________
the
street,
Grandpa?
—No,
thanks.
I
can
manage
it
myself.
A．on
B．with
C．across
D．along
【详解】句意：——爷爷，我搀扶您过马路好吗？——不用了，谢谢。我自己可以过马路。across表示“从一边到另一边”，across
the
street意为“过马路”，符合语境，故答案为C项。
易错点七：
(2020凉山州)—Look,
there
is
a
cute
bird,
Mom.
—It
flew
into
our
kitchen
________the
window
just
now,
Alex.
A．across
B．through
C．above
D．under
【详解】句意：——妈妈，看，有一只可爱的鸟。——亚历克斯，它刚刚穿过窗户飞进我们的厨房。根据句意可知，小鸟穿过窗户内部飞进来，用through，故选B项。
across
指从物体的一侧到另一侧或从某个范围的一边到另一边,表示“横过”
He
swam
across
the
river
yesterday.
over
指从某一物体的上方“越过、翻越过去”
Jack
told
me
that
he
could
jump
over
the
desk.
through
指从某一物体的内部“穿过”,即动作是在物体的三维空间进行的,表示“穿过”树林、洞、门、窗、房间等时,均可用through
The
girl
went
through
the
forest
alone.
知识点再现
介词短语
(2020滨州)—I
think
washing
hands
every
day
is
good________
our
health.
—Yes,
I
agree________you!
A．to;
to
B．with;
to
C．for;
with
D．at;
with
【详解】句意：——我认为每天洗手有利于我们的健康。——是的，我同意你的观点！be
good
to对……好；be
good
with与……相处得好；be
good
for有利于；be
good
at擅长。根据our
health可知，此处表示有利于健康，故用be
good
for；第二空后宾语you表示人，表示同意你的观点，所以用短语agree
with。故选C项。
易错点八：
1.
介词与动词的常见搭配
ask
for
要；请求
hear
from
收到……来信
wait
for
等待
learn
from
向……学习
leave
for
前往
send
for
派人去请
think
of
考虑
listen
to
听
depend
on
依靠
laugh
at
嘲笑
look
after
照顾
look
for
寻找
arrive
in/at
到达
worry
about
担心
regard
…
as
把……当作
知识点再现
2.
介词与名词的常见搭配
on
time
准时
in
English
用英语
in
danger处于危险中
in
fact
事实上
on
the
left/right
在左/右边
on
one’s
way
to在某人去……的路上
with/without
one’s
help
有/没有某人的帮助
to
one’s
surprise
使某人惊讶的是
3.
介词与形容词的常见搭配
be
good
at
擅长于……
be
proud
of
为……而自豪
be
full
of/be
filled
with
充满
be
afraid
of
害怕
be
busy
with
忙于
be
kind
to
对某人友好
be
strict
with
对某人要求严格
be
ready
for
为……做准备
be
late
for
迟到
https://www.21cnjy.com/help/help_extract.php中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
介词和介词短语专项练习
Ⅰ.单项选择
1.[2020·黔南州]There
is
going
to
be
an
English
movie
in
our
school
the
evening
of
June
20.?
A.at
B.in
C.for
D.on
2.[2020·泰州]—Andy
practiced
hardest
among
us
and
he
won
first
prize
in
the
competition.
—A
dream
can’t
come
true
hard
work.?
A.by
B.across
C.over
D.without
3.[2020·大庆]We
have
a
geography
lesson
three
o’clock
Thursday
afternoon.?
A.at;
in
B.in;
in
C.on;
on
D.at;
on
4.[2020·河北]When
are
you
arriving?
I’ll
pick
you
up
the
station.?
A.at
B.to
C.on
D.off
5.[2020·百色]Hong
Kong
is
the
south
of
China.
It’s
one
of
the
busiest
cities
in
the
world.?
A.in
B.on
C.at
D.to
6.[2020·宜昌]—Many
people
have
been
back
to
their
work
March
5th.?
—Cities
are
brought
back
to
life.
A.for
B.in
C.since
D.during
7.[2020·葫芦岛]Don’t
use
your
mobile
phone
when
you
go
the
road.
It’s
dangerous.?
A.through
B.over
C.into
D.across
8.[2020·上海]The
ancient
town
has
been
open
to
visitors
about
ten
years.?
A.by
B.for
C.on
D.though
9.[2020·武汉]—Which
is
your
uncle?
—The
big
man,
smartly
dressed
a
suit
and
tie.?
A.on
B.with
C.for
D.in
10.[2020·扬州]Han
clothing
is
becoming
more
popular
young
people.?
A.over
B.among
C.between
D.about
11.[2020·南通]My
uncle’s
reviews
on
the
four
great
classical
Chinese
novels
may
be
published
_______the
summer
of
2021.?
A.in
B.on
C.at
D.for
12.[2020·青岛]You’d
better
not
hang
out
after
school
telling
your
parents.
They
may
worry
about
you.?
A.by
B.with
C.without
D.after
13.[2020·苏州]—Did
you
go
on
the
Silk
Road
trip
by
train?
—Yes.
The
train
was
great,
just
like
a
hotel
wheels—it
had
all
that
I
needed.?
A.in
B.at
C.on
D.by
14.[2020·营口]If
success
is
a
gate,
the
road
it
must
be
made
up
of
difficulties.?
A.towards
B.against
C.opposite
D.near
15.[2020·鄂州]Although
the
man
is
in
his
eighties,
he
grows
vegetables
in
his
garden.?
A.in
public
B.in
person
C.in
silence
D.in
fact
16.[2020·南京]Nanjing
Zijinshan
Insect
Museum,
which
will
be
open
to
the
public
soon,
was
formed
at
the
foot
of
Zhongshan
April
2nd.?
A.in
B.on
C.at
D.from
17.[2020·临沂]It's
hard
to
turn
down
a
banana.
They
taste
good
and
you
don't
have
to
wash
them
_______eating
them.?
A.until
B.after
C.before
D.for
18.[2020·广元]The
accident
happened
a
cold
morning
but
luckily,
no
one
was
injured.?
A.at
B.on
C.in
D.for
19.[2020·重庆B卷]The
bank
is
the
left
of
the
supermarket.
It's
not
far.?
A.in
B.for
C.on
D.at
20.[2020天津]It
is
going
to
rain.Take
an
umbrella
________
you.
A．with
B．at
C．in
D．from
21.[2020盐城]Yancheng
is
the
only
city
________
China
to
be
named
after
salt.
A．at
B．on
C．in
D．with
22.[2020天水]Man
can't
live
________
water.
A．of
B．for
C．from
D．without
23.[2020滨州]—I
think
washing
hands
every
day
is
good
________
our
health.
—Yes，I
agree
________
you.
A．to；to
B．with；to
C．for；with
D．at；with
24.[2020淮安]When
you
have
joys，you
can
share
them
________
your
friends.
A．for
B．in
C．with
D．on
25.[2020重庆A卷]More
villagers
will
move
to
new
houses
________
2021.
A．in
B．on
C．at
D．for
26.[2020咸宁]—I
want
to
watch
TV
the
whole
day
after
the
long
journey.
—You
shouldn't
watch
TV
too
much.It's
bad
________
your
eyes.
A．with
B．in
C．on
D．for
Ⅱ.填空
A.根据句意用适当的介词填空
1.
(2020·武威、白银)It’s
widely
believed
that
telephone
was
invented
___________
Alexander
Graham
Bell.
2.
(2020·丹东)We
had
an
art
festival
___________
April
20th,
2020.
3.
(2020·烟台)No
matter
what
time
we
are
getting
through,
heroes
are
always
___________
us.
4.
(2020·大庆)We
have
a
geography
lesson
___________
three
o’clock
___________
Thursday
afternoon.
5.
(2020·自贡)There’s
no
need
for
you
to
worry
___________
failing
your
driving
test
because
you
have
prepared
well
enough.
6.
(2020·黄冈)
It
is
important
for
the
whole
world
to
pull
together___________
COVID-19.
7.
(2020·重庆A卷)Another
bridge
___________
the
Jialing
River
was
built
last
year.
8.
(2020·宜宾)
___________
your
help,
the
program
couldn’t
have
been
so
successful.
9.
(2020·重庆A卷)More
villagers
will
move
to
new
houses___________
2021.
B.根据句意和所给提示写出所缺单词或短语
10.
(2020·孝感)In
English,
we
say
that
sharing
a
problem
is
___________
(像)cutting
it
in
half.
11.
(2020·鄂州)Although
the
man
is
in
his
eighties,
he
grows
vegetables
___________
(亲自)
in
his
garden.
?
12.
(2020·台州)The
museum
is
open
daily
___________
(除……之外)
Mondays.
答案
Ⅰ.1-5
DDDAA
6-10
CDBDB
11-15
ACCAB
16-20
BCBCA
21-26
CDCCAD
Ⅱ.1.
by
2.
on
3.
around
4.
at;
on
5.
about
6.
against
7.
over
8.
Without
9.
in
10.
like
11.
in
person
12.
except
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