湖南省2021年中考英语二轮语法专题复习 第四讲 介词（含答案）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
第四讲
介词
本章要点
介词的选择与应用
介词固定搭配
高频考点：in,
on,
at,
with,
by,
of,
to,
for
介词语法点分述
一、表示持续时间的介词
介词
用法
示例
in
年，月，季节，世纪，早中晚
in
summer
in
the
evening
on
具体某一天,节日，星期，早中晚前有限定词
on
Sundayon
a
cold
morning
at
具体某时刻，在正午，午夜，黎明
at
night
since
接过去某时间点，常用于完成时。
I've
earned
my
own
living
since
last
year.
for
接一段时间，常用于完成时。
I
haven’t
played
the
piano
for
many
years.
after
表“……以后”，常与过去时或过去完成时连用。
After?I?told?her?the?news,?she
stared
at?me?in?astonishment.
in
in+一段时间，通常用于将来时或含有将来意义的句子。
We'll?give?you?our?decision?in?a
few
days.
during
表示“……期间”，强调动作持续整个时间段。
The?prices?of?fruit?generally?run
up?during?the
winter?months.
练习：
1.（2020株洲）______
October
1，we
will
celebrate
the
seventieth
birthday
of
the
People's
Republic
of
China．
A．On
B．In
C．At
2.（2019麓山国际入学测，21）—I
haven’t
finished
the
book
report
of
Journey
to
the
West.
It’s
so
difficult.
—You
should
hurry
up.
We’ll
hand
in
the
report
_____
three
days.
in
B.
on
C.
for
3.（2020南雅入学测，2）In
ancient
China,
people
wrote
_______Chinese
brush
pens.
with
B.
in
C.
by
二、表示方位的介词
介词
用法
示范
in
表示在境内。
Taiwan
is
in
the
southeast
of
China.
on
表示相邻或在边界上，不在境内。
North
Korea
is
on
the
east
of
China.
to
表示在境外，不接壤。
Japan
lies
to
the
east
of
China.
off
表示在海面上靠近海岸的地方。
New
Zealand
lies
off
the
eastern
coast
of
Australia.
三、表示地点的介词
介词
用法
示例
at
表示在较小的地方（车站、家）
I
shall
wait
for
you
at
the
station.
in
表示在较大的地方（国家、城市）
Of
all
the
gin
joints，in
all
the
towns，in
all
the
world，he
walks
into
mine.
------Casablanca
on
表示在某物上（表面接触）
He
is
sitting
beside
her
on
the
sofa.
over
表示“在…的上方或覆于……的上面”，under的相反词。
The
helicopter
is
staying
over
our
heads.
under
表示“在…的下面/下方”，通常表示位置处于正下方。
His
smelly
socks
are
under
the
bed.
练习：
4.We
sometimes
have
dinner
_______
my
uncles
_______
the
weekend.
A.
at;
at
B.
with;
on
C.
in;
in
?Attention?
on
V.S.
over
on是
“support（支撑）”
V.S.
over是
“cover（覆盖）”
I
put
a
cup
on
the
desk.
我把一个杯放在桌上.
（书桌支撑着杯子）.
Then
I
put
my
handkerchief
over
the
cup.
然后我把手帕盖在杯子上。（手帕覆盖着杯子）
四、表示运动方向或目的的介词
介词
用法
across
表示穿过一平面。
through
表示穿过一空间。
along
表示沿着一条线平行。
up
表示向上，由南到北，由东到西，由沿海到内陆，由小地方到大地方，由农村到城市；反之则用down。
to
表示动作的目的地；towards指朝向，无到达的意思。
for
表示去向，常与leave,
start
off,
set
out,
head,
sail等动词连用。
练习：
5.Early
_______
the
morning
of
May
1,
we
started
off
_______
the
mountain
village.
A.
in;
for
B.
in;
to
C.
on;
for
五、in
the
end/at
the
end
of/by
the
end
of的区别
词组
用法
示例
in
the
end
意为“最后、终于”,相当于finally,
at
last，在句子中一般单独使用。
In
the
end,
it
doesn't
even
matter.
at
the
end
of+名词短语
意思是“在……末端/尽头”。
Our
teacher
ran
over
the
main
points
at
the
end
of
each
class.
by
the
end
of+表示时间的名词
意为“到…为止，到…最后”，如果of后面接过去时间，那谓语必须用过去完成时态。
(?http:?/??/?dict.?/?example?/?by%20the%20end%20of%20last?/?"
\o
"点击发音?)
By?the?end?of?last?month,?we?had?produced?twice?as
many?cars?as
we
did?last?year.?
六、on/about的区别
介词
用法
示例
about
两者都有“关于”的意思，有时可互相替换使用，about侧重叙事。
stories
about
Michael
Jordan
迈克尔·乔丹的故事
on
on侧重论述，说明书、文章或报告等是严肃的或学术的，更强调“指导、入门”层面的意义。
a
book
on
the
radio无线电入门(如果将on换成about，则是指一本关于无线电的科普故事书。)
练习：
6.He
gave
some
advice
________
how
to
learn
English.
他就如何学好英语给我提了一些建议。
七、表示“除……之外”的介词
介词/词组
用法
besides
表示包含，除…之外还有…
but
表示排除，多与不定代词如nobody,
none
等连用。
except
表示排除，除…之外，主要用来谈论同类事物，不用于句首。
except
for
表示“只是，只不过”，主要用来谈论不同类事物。
八．其他介词
介词/词组
用法
against
反对，对抗，违背
between
在...之间
两者
among
在三者或三者以上之间
of
...的
for
为了
对于
as
作为
like
像
with
和，随着
without
没有
课堂练习
一．语法单选
1.（2020年长沙中考24题）Chinese
survey
team
reached
the
top
of
Mount
Qomolangma
______
May
27th,
2020,
which
will
improve
human
knowledge
of
nature
and
scientific
development.
A.
at
B.
on
C.
in
2.（2019年长沙中考23题）Yesterday
our
headmaster
made
a
speech
______
environmental
protection,
and
we
learned
something
about
recycling
of
waste.
A．on
B．at
C．to
3.（2020年长郡第四次月考23题）Tom
saw
a
car
accident
_______
the
way
to
the
city
park
this
morning.
A.
on
B.
in
C.
by
4.（2020长郡六模，26）Nowadays,
it
is
very
convenient
________us
to
pay
for
the
bill
with
WeChat,so
we
needn’t
carry
a
large
amount
of
cash
(现金)
every
day
any
more.
A.
for
B.
of
C.
to
5.
（2020教科所三模22）For
years
my
mom
sticks
to
getting
up
early
to
make
breakfast
for
our
family,
even
_________cold
winter
days,
A.
on
B.
in
C.
for
6.（2020青竹湖第一次月考，24）It
was
strong_____Vanessa
to
stay
calm
all
the
time
although
something
unlucky
happened
_______
her
family.
A.
to;
for
B.
of;
to
C.
for;
on
7.（2020湘郡未来周测，11）The
little
girl
___
red
said
Goodbye
to
me
____
different
languages.
A.
in,
in
B,
in,
with
C.
with,
in
8.（2020湘郡未来周测，12）She
stood
_____
the
wall
and
promised
that
she
would
be
_____
the
war.
A.
for,
against
B.
against,
for
C.
for,
for
9.（2020一中新华都，24）They
go
to
the
cinema
________
six
o’clock
________
Saturday
evening.
A.
in;
on
B.
on;
in
C.
at;
on
10.（2020长郡线上学习测试，25）—Why
would
you
like
to
walk
_______
the
forest?
—
Because
I
want
to
try
something
exciting
A.across
B.through
C.through;
11.（2020长郡线上学习测试,26)Qian
Xuesen
passed
away
on
October
31,2009
_____the
age
of
98,but
he
is
a
man
who
still
encourages
Chinese
youth.
A.
at
B.
on
C.
at
12.（2020长郡模拟卷,2)Several
people
walking
on
the
street
saw
the
car
accidents_____
the
evening
of
April
4th.
A.
in
B.
on
C.
at
13.（2020长郡4月月考卷,22）—
Mike
is
interested
__________
koalas
very
much.
—
Oh,
he
should
take
a
trip
to
Australia
which
is
known
__________
koalas.
A.
for.
with
B.
for;
to
C.
in;
for
14.（2020中雅第一次周考卷,9）—We
will
have
a
picnic，but
when
shall
we
meet?
—Let’s
make
it
_______
9:30_______
the
morning
of
June
20th.
A.
at;
in
B.
/;
in
C
./;
on
15.（2020雨花区期末测试卷,21）Huawei’s
culture
is
the
key
its
success.
A.of
B.to
C.at
16.（2020长郡期末测试卷,27）My
brother
likes
reading
very
much.
__________
the
ancient
works,
he
also
reads
many
modern
science
works.
A.
Except
B.
Besides
C.
Except
for
17.（2020周南期末测试卷,26）—
Frank,
I
found
a
black
schoolbag
on
the
playground
this
morning.
—
I
think
it
belongs
________
Mike.
He
was
looking
for
his
schoolbag
all
morning.
A.
to
B.
at
C.
with
18.（2020南雅入学测试卷,2）In
ancient
China,
people
wrote
_______Chinese
brush
pens.
with
B.
in
C.
by
19.（2020学业水平A卷,22）A
giant
panda
and
a
red
lantern
baby
were
announced(宣布)
the
two
mascots(吉祥物)for
the
2022
Beijing
Winter
Olympic
and
Paralympic
Games
on
Sept.
17,
2019.
on
B.as
C.at
20.（2020学业水平B卷,25）According
to
a
report
China
Daily,
Chinese
high
school
students
have
the
most
positive
attitude(积极的态度)
toward
online
learning
compared
with
those
in
the
US,Japan
and
South
Korea.
A.to
B.
with
C.by
21.（2020白卷,22）I
like
chemistry
best
all
the
subjects,
because
I
can
find
something
interesting
while
doing
experiments.
A.among
B.between
C.about
22.（2020教科所模拟卷,26.）—What
were
you
doing
at
the
time
of
the
rainstorm?
—I
was
having
a
math
class.
But
I
could
hear
the
heavy
rain
________the
window.
A.
on
B.
against
C.
through
23.（2020雅礼第一次月考,26）Look!
Some
kids
are
throwing
stones
the
windows.
Stop
them
quickly.
A.
across
B.on
C.at
24.（2020长郡入学测试,27）If
you
read
more
books,your
life
will
be
full
pleasure.
A.
of
B.is
C.with
25.（2020师梅第一次月考,25）---
Junior
high
school
days
will
be
over
_____
a
few
months.
How
are
you
feeling?
---
It’s
hard
to
keep
my
cool
because
we
have
been
together
_____
three
years.
A.
in;
in
B.
for;
in
C.
in;
for
26.（2020广益中学,27）
---I
often
make
mistakes
____
grammar.
---Why
not
ask
your
teacher
____help?
A.
in,
to
B.
in,
for
C.
with,
for
27.（2020青竹湖第一次月考,27）The
disabled
boy
paints
very
well
_______
his
left
hand.
He
can
do
this
_______
practicing
painting
for
several
hours
a
day.
A.with;
in
B.by;
with
C.with;
by
28.（2020麓山国际第一次月考,27)---
______
the
morning
of
the
National
Day,
all
the
Chinese
focused
on
the
Military
Parade.
---I
am
very
proud
of
being
a
Chinese.
A.
On
B.
In
C.
At
29.（2020南雅第一次月考,23）She
is
thinking
if
she
can
learn
English
working
with
a
group.
A.
from
B.in
C
.by
30.（2020雅礼中学期末卷，21）What
happened
__________
you
last
night?
A.
to
B.
with
C.
for
31.（2020长沙中考真题，24）A
Chinese
survey
team
reached
the
top
of
Mount
Qomolangma_____May
27th，2020，which
will
improve
human
knowledge
of
nature
and
scientific
development．（　　）
A．at
B．on
C．in
第四讲
介词参考答案
语法单选
1-5
BAAAA
6-10
BBACC
11-15
ABCCB
16-20
BAABC
21-25
ABCAC
26-30
BCACA
31B
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