湖南省2021年中考英语二轮语法专题复习 第五讲 形容词和副词（含答案）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
形容词和副词
【知识梳理】
一、形容词
1.形容词概述
形容词修饰名词，说明事物或人的性质或特征。大部分形容词直接说明事物的性质或特征，有级的变化，可以用程度副词修饰，在句中可作定语、表语和补语。
例如：hot
热的，beautiful美丽的。
有的形容词只能作表语，没有级的变化，也不可用程度副词修饰。
例如：afraid害怕的，asleep睡着的。
2.形容词的用法
①作定语修饰名词时，要放在名词的前面。但是如果形容词修饰以-thing为词尾的词语即复合不定代词时，要放在这些词之后。
What
an
interesting
movie
it
is!
There
is
nothing
interesting
in
today’s
newspaper.今天的报纸没有什么有趣的内容。
②作表语放在系动词后面。
The
food
smells
delicious.
③位于宾语后做宾语补足语。
You
must
keep
your
classroom
clean
and
tidy.你们必须保持教室干净整洁。
④少数形容词只能作表语，如：afraid,
asleep,
awake,
alone,
alive,
well（健康的）,ill,
sorry,
glad,
sure,
pleased等。
He
is
alone
in
the
classroom.
She
has
been
asleep
for
three
hours.
⑤某些形容词之前加上冠词the表示一类人，
如
the
rich,
the
poor,
the
young,
the
old,
the
deaf,
the
blind,
the
living,
the
dead,
the
hungry等。
The
rich
should
help
the
poor.
The
young
should
be
polite
to
the
old.
二、副词
1.副词概述
副词主要用来修饰动词，形容词，其他副词或句子。
2.副词的分类和用法
①时间副词：如now,today,yesterday,soon等，在句子中担任时间状语，是决定动词时态的主要依据之一。
There
is
going
to
be
a
class
meeting
tomorrow.
They
visited
the
aquarium
yesterday.
②频度副词：如sometimes,
often,
always,
usually等，在句子中担任时间状语，是决定动词时态的主要依据之一。
They
have
never
seen
each
other
before.
What
do
you
usually
do
on
weekends?
③地点副词：如here,
there,
home,
somewhere,
anywhere，outside等，在句子中担任地点状语。
I
have
looked
for
my
pen
everywhere,
but
I
can’t
find
it
anywhere.
④方式副词：如slowly,
quickly,
fast,
luckily,
easily等，在句子中担任方式状语。这类副词大都由“形容词+ly”构成。
Please
speak
more
slowly
so
that
we
can
hear
you
clearly.
⑤程度副词：如very,
quite,
rather,
too,
much,
so等，在句子中修饰形容词或其他副词，作状语。
It’s
much
too
hot
in
Changsha
these
days.
The
little
boy
can
play
the
guitar
very
well.
⑥疑问副词：如when,
where,
why,
how,
how
long,
how
soon,
how
often,
how
far，how
old等，放在句首构成特殊疑问句。
How
soon
will
your
father
be
back
home?
How
often
do
you
go
to
the
movie?
⑦关系副词：如when,
where,
why,
how等，用来引导相关从句。
What
were
you
doing
when
the
UFO
landed?
I’d
like
to
go
somewhere
where
people
are
friendly.
3.副词的位置
总的来说，副词的位置比较灵活，在句子开头、中间、结尾都可以。但是请注意下面几点：
①频度副词作状语时放在be动词、助动词、情态动词之后，行为动词之前。
He
is
never
late
for
school.
He
usually
goes
to
see
his
grandparents
on
Saturday.
②enough修饰形容词或副词时要放在被修饰词的后面。
The
little
boy
isn’t
old
enough
to
go
to
school.
He
ran
fast
enough
to
catch
the
thief.
三、形容词和副词的比较等级
1.形容词和副词比较等级的构成
表一：规则变化（口诀：一般直接加er/est,见e只加r/st,辅音y结尾，改y为i加er/st。重读辅元辅，双写尾字母，再加er/est）
构成方法
原级
比较级
最高级
单音节词和少数双音节词
一般直接在词尾加-er,-est
tallshort
tallershorter
tallestshortest
以不发音的e结尾的加-er,-st
nicelarge
nicerlarger
nicestlargest
以辅音字母加y结尾的，先改y为i,再加-er,-est
heavyearly
heavierearlier
heaviestearliest
以重读闭音节结尾、且词尾只有一个辅音字母的，先双写该辅音字母,再加-er,-est
thinbighot
thinnerbigger
thinnestbiggest
多音节词和部分双音节词（尤其是带词缀的双音节词）
在原级前加more，most
interestingimportantquickly
more
interestingmore
importantmore
quickly
most
interestingmost
importantmost
quickly
表二：不规则变化（巧记：好坏多少远老）
原级
比较级
最高级
good,
well
better
best
many,
much
more
most
bad,ill,
badly
worse
worst
little
less
least
far
farther较远（字面意义）further进一步（引申意义）
farthest最远（字面意义）furthest最大限度（引申意义）
old
older年纪较大的（用于比较级）elder较年长的（只用作定语）
oldest年纪最大的（用于最高级）eldest最年长的（只用作定语）
2.形容词、副词比较级和最高级的用法
①两者之间进行比较用比较级。其常见句子结构为：A
+谓语动词+比较级+than+B。
This
tree
is
taller
than
that
one.
Tom
runs
faster
than
Jim.
注：可以用程度副词a
little,
a
lot,
a
bit,
much,
even,
still,
far等修饰比较级。
It
is
much
hotter
in
Changsha
than
that
in
Beijing
in
summer.
He
studies
English
a
lot
harder
than
the
other
students
in
his
class.
②在三者或三者以上的人或物之间进行比较时用最高级，形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the，副词最高级前the可加可不加，句子中常有in或of短语来表示比较的范围。其常见句子结构为：A+谓语动词+the+最高级+比较范围。
Changjiang
is
the
longest
river
in
China.
Rruce
runs
fastest
of
the
three.
③表示A和B在某一方面相同或不及时用同级比较。
其常见句型为：A+谓语动词+as+原级+as+B。
其否定结构为：A+谓语动词(not)+as/so+原级+as+B。
English
is
as
important
as
Chinese.
Math
is
not
as
interesting
as
History.
He
speaks
English
as
well
as
Chinese.
She
doesn’t
do
her
homework
as
carefully
as
her
brother.
④选择疑问句比较级和最高级的句型分别为：“疑问词+谓语动词+比较级，A
or
B？”和“疑问词+谓语动词+最高级，A，B
or
C？”
Which
is
bigger,
the
sun
or
the
earth?
Which
is
the
biggest,
the
sun,
the
earth
or
the
moon?
Who
plays
soccer
better,
David
or
Martin?
Who
plays
soccer
best,
David,
Martin
or
Bill?
⑤表示“越……就越……”时，其句型为“the
+比较级，the+比较级”。
The
more
trees,
the
better.
树木越多越好。
The
harder
you
study,
the
better
grades
you
will
get.
学习越努力，成绩就越好。
⑥表示“越来越……”时，用比较级的叠加形式，即：比较级+
and+比较级。
It’s
getting
hotter
and
hotter.
The
city
is
becoming
more
and
more
beautiful.
【例题讲解】
1.In
Huaihua
it’s
________
in
summer,
but
it
is
even
_______
in
Changsha.
A.
hotter,
hottest
B.
hot,
hotter
C.
hotter,
hot
2.The
doctor
told
Mary
to
eat
______
vegetables
and
_______
meat
because
she
was
getting
fatter
and
fatter.
A.
much;
little
B.
more;
less
C.
more;
fewer
3.—Mum,
could
I
have
an
MP3
like
this?
—Certainly,
we
can
buy
_______
one,
but
as
good
as
this.
A.
a
cheap
B.
a
cheapest
C.
a
cheaper
4.Paul
is
the
_______
of
the
two
children
in
his
family.
A.
most
fattest
B.
fattest
C.
fatter
5.They
have
just
cleaned
the
windows,
so
the
room
looks
_______.
A.
much
brighter
B.
more
brighter
C.
more
bright
6.Shanghai
is
bigger
than
_________
in
Australia.
A.
any
city
B.
any
cities
C.
any
other
city
7.Though
the
player
is
over
thirty,
he
can
still
run
______
some
younger
players.
A.
as
fast
as
B.
more
faster
than
C.
much
fast
than
8.Wang
Ping
does
______
in
physics
of
all
the
subjects.
A.
worse
B.
most
badly
C.
worst
9.Don’t
worry.
We’ve
got
________
for
all
of
you.
A.
big
enough
a
room
B.
enough
big
a
room
C.
a
big
enough
room
10
—Who
jumped
the
_______
of
all
in
the
long
jump?
—Li
Lei
did.
A.
longest
B.
longer
C.
farthest
【中考链接】
2014—2019年湖南中考题组
1.(2019长沙,28)
Of
the
two
physics
problems,
Martha
just
finished
______
one.
A.
the
most
difficult
B.
the
least
difficult
C.
the
less
difficult
2.(2019郴州,26)—This
T-shirt
is
a
bit
expensive
for
me.
—But
this
is
_________one
in
our
shop,
sir.
A.
cheap
B.
cheaper
C.
the
cheapest
3.(2019邵阳,30)—Shaoyang
has
changed
a
lot
in
the
past
few
years．
—Yes.
It
is
getting_______.
A.
clean
B.
cleaner
C.
cleanest
4.(2019湘潭,23)—What
subject
do
you
like____English,
math
or
physics？
—Of
course,
English.
A.
good
B.
better
C.
best
5.(2019湘西，26)一What
do
you
think
of
English?
一I
think
English
is
as_______as
Chinese.
A.
useful
B.
more
useful
C.
the
most
useful
6.(2019湘西,33)一Helen,
did
you
do______last
weekend?
一Yes,
I
visited
my
grandparents
in
the
countryside.
A.
anything
special
B.
something
special
C.
special
anything
7.
(2019益阳,26)Lin
Tao,
a
student
of
Grade
9,
is
______
boy
in
our
school.
A.
tall
B.
taller
C.
the
tallest
8.(2019岳阳,25)Tina
is
as_____as
her
sister,
Tara.
A.
outgoing
B.
more
outgoing
C.
the
most
outgoing
9.(2018长沙,23)—Do
the
twins
look
the
same?
—No,
Jane
is
　　????
taller
than
Claire.
A.little
B.more
C.a
little
10.(2018郴州,25)—Look
at
the
girl
in
the
square!
—Oh.
I'm
surprised
that
a
　　????
girl
can
dance
so
well!
A.three-years-old
B.three-year-old
C.three
years
old
11.(2018怀化,25)—Who's
　　????
basketball
player
in
China
now?Is
it
Yao
Ming?
—No.
It's
Sun
Mingming.
A.tall
B.taller
C.the
tallest
12.(2018岳阳,25)Everyone
knows
that
China
is
getting
　　????.
A.strong
and
strong
B.strongest
and
strongest
C.stronger
and
stronger
13.(2018郴州,29)—May
I
be
allowed
to
choose
a
summer
course?
—It's
up
to
you.
You're
　　????
to
make
your
own
decision.
A.too
old
B.enough
old
C.old
enough
14.(2018邵阳,26)Guangzhou
is
one
of
　　????
cities
in
China.
A.the
biggest
B.big
C.bigger
15.(2017常德,23)Mountain
climbing
is
one
of　　????
sports
in
the
world.
A.dangerous　????
B.more
dangerous　????
C.the
most
dangerous
16.(2017邵阳,25)Mr.
Smith
said
his
son
was
as　　????
as
his
daughter.
A.hard-working　????
B.more
hard-working　????
C.the
most
hard-working
17.(2017益阳,27)If
more
people
give
up
driving
cars,
the
air
will
get
much　　????
in
a
few
days.
A.clean
B.cleaner
C.the
cleanest
18.(2017郴州,24)The
harder
we
study,
the　　????
result
we
will
get.
A.good
B.better
C.best
19.(2017怀化,26)—You
are
driving
too
fast.
Safety
is
the
first.
—Sorry,
I'll
drive　　????.
A.more
slowly
B.much
slowly
C.most
slowly
20.(2016长沙,24)—What
do
you
think
of
the
movie
Zootopia?
—Hmm...
I
think
it
is
　　????
movie
that
I
have
ever
seen
these
years.
A.a
good
B.a
better
C.the
best
21.(2016株洲,28)As
our
children
get
bigger,
our
house
seems
to
get　　????.
A.the
smaller
B.smaller
C.smallest
22.(2016郴州,30)Though
Betty
and
Lily
are
twins,Betty
isn't
so　　????as
Lily.
A.more
outgoing
B.most
outgoing
C.outgoing
23.(2016常德,33)Li
Hua's
shoes
are
as　　????as
Zhang
Hui's.
A.cheap
B.cheaper
C.the
cheapest
24.(2016益阳,25)The
safety
of
food
has
become
one
of
the　　????problems
in
our
daily
life.
A.important
B.more
important
C.most
important
25.(2016怀化,25)—Which
city
is
　　????
beautiful,
Hangzhou,
Beijing
or
Shanghai?
—Hangzhou,
I
think.
A.the
most
B.the
better
C.more
26.(2016张家界,21)No
mountain
in
the
world
is
as　　????as
Qomolangma.
A.high
B.higher
C.highest
27.(2016永州,21)—Which
subject
do
you
like　　????,
English
or
math?
—Of
course,
English.
A.well
B.better
C.best
28.(2015益阳,25)Li
Na
is
one
of　　????tennis
players
in
the
world.
A.most
famous
B.the
most
famous
C.more
famous
29.(2015娄底,25)—Have
some
ice
cream,
please.
—Mm,
it
tastes　　????.
A.good
B.better
C.well
30.(2015衡阳,28)Look!This
house
is
as　　????as
that
one.
A.the
most
beautiful
B.more
beautiful
C.Beautiful
31.(2015长沙,29)There
will
be　　????cars
in
the
city
because
people
will
prefer
the
subway.
A.fewer
B.less
C.more
32.(2015永州,18)I
get
up　　????than
he
every
day.
A.early
B.earlier
C.earliest
33.(2014邵阳,27)—Do
you
know
Mo
Yan?
—Of
course.
He
is
one
of　　????writers
in
China.
He
won
the
Nobel
Prize
in
2012.
A.famous
B.more
famous
C.the
most
famous
34.(2014怀化,27)Most
of
my
classmates
think
Tian
Liang's
daughter
Cindy
is　　????girl
in
the
program,Where
Are
We
Going,Dad.
A.beautiful
B.more
beautiful
C.the
most
beautiful
35.(2014湘潭,24)Of
the
four
lovely
children,I
think
Maria
is　　????.
A.the
most
outgoing
B.more
outgoing
C.Outgoing
36.(2014衡阳,25)—Tom　　????in
the
high
jump
at
the
school
sports
meet
last
week.
—What
a
shame!
A.do
badly
B.did
badly
C.did
well
37.(2014郴州,25)—The
article
is
kind
of
difficult
for
me.
—Take
it
easy.
The
more
you
read,
the　　????you'll
understand.
A.well
B.best
C.Better
38.(2014益阳,27)—As
a
student,
we
should
study
hard.
—Yes.
　　????we
study,
　　????results
we'll
get.
A.The
hard;the
good
B.The
harder;the
best
C.The
harder;the
better
2016—2019年模拟·基础题组
1.(2019广益模拟,29)
---How
was
your
listening
test
last
week?
---Oh,
I
couldn’t
feel
________.
I
made
few
mistakes
in
it.
A.
better
B.
best
C.
worse
2.
(2019麓山国际.24)-How
do
you
like
the
movie
Darkest
Hour?
-You
mean
the
ones
about
the
former(前任)
British
prime
minister
Winston
Churchill?
I
think
it
is
movie
that
I
have
ever
seen
these
years.
A.
a
good
B
a
better
C
the
best
3.(2019南雅,24)When
we
first
learn
English,
our
teacher
always
speaks
it
as
as
she
can
to
make
herself
understood.
A.
slow
B
.slowly
C.
more
slowly
4.(2019青竹湖)The
Yellow
River
is
the
second
river
in
China,
runs
through
nine
provinces.
A.
long
B.
longer
C.
longest
5.(2019师大梅溪湖,22)
-What
is
the
world’s
national
park?
--it
is
Yellowstone
national
park
in
the
US.
A.
an
oldest
B.
oldest
C.
the
oldest
6.(2019模拟A，22)Louis
Cha,
whose
Chinese
name
is
Jin
Yong,
is
one
of
________writers
in
China.
A.
a
most
popular
B.
the
most
popular
C.
the
more
popular
7.(2019模拟B,27）Mary
doesn’t
study
so
________
as
the
others
in
his
class
A.
hard
B.
harder
C.
hardest
8.(2019模拟八,24)—
Would
you
please
drive
________?
My
plane
is
taking
off.
—
I’d
love
to.
But
safety
comes
first.
A.
fast
B.
faster
C.
fastest
9.(2019模拟六,24)
I
failed
to
catch
the
last
bus
on
that
cold
winter
night.
I
couldn’t
feel
________
then.
A.
terrible
B.
more
terrible
C.
the
most
terrible
10.(2019模拟四,22)The
bridge
between
the
two
islands
is
________
one
in
Shanghai.
A.
longer
B.
longest
C.
the
longest
11.(2018明德集团期中联考,24)The　　????
we
get
together,
the
　　????
we
will
be.
A.much;happier
B.most;happier
C.more;happier
12.(2018长郡教育集团第二次限时训练,29)—Does
Alice
often
work
until
2
a.m.
on
weekends?
—No,
she
　　????
does.
But
she
often
stays
up
late
on
weekdays.
A.always
B.seldom
C.usually
13.(2018周南实验中学入学考试,25)Don't
take
what
I
said
just
now
　　????.
I
was
just
joking.
A.exactly
B.seriously
C.probably
14.(2018岳阳模拟,22)Bob
sings
　　????,
but
Tom
sings
　　????
than
Bob.
A.well;well
B.better;well
C.well;better
15.(2018长沙模拟五,28)—Driving
to
work
used
to
be
popular.
—Well,
but
　　????,more
and
more
people
go
to
work
by
bike
to
avoid
traffic.
A.lately
B.widely
C.luckily
16.(2020模拟卷三,25)—
Wow,
your
painting
is
so
amazing.
It
can’t
be
__________.
—
Thank
you
very
much.
A.
beautiful
B.
more
beautiful
C.
the
most
beautiful
17.(2020模拟卷五,24)—
Which
of
the
two
sweaters
would
you
like?
—
The
________
one.
I
don’t
have
enough
money.
A.
cheaper
B.
cheap
C.
cheapest
18.(2020师大期末,22)--What
is
time?you?are?willing?to?wait?for?takeaway?food?
--Ten?minutes?at?most.
A.long
B.?longer
C.?the?longest
19.(2020雅礼期末,24)Many
singers
are
used
to
speaking
__________
that
they
can
be
heard
far
away.
A.
such
loudly
B.
so
loudly
C.
so
freely
20.(2020广益模拟,29)
---How
was
your
listening
test
last
week?
---Oh,
I
couldn’t
feel
________.
I
made
few
mistakes
in
it.
A.
better
B.
best
C.
worse
21.(2020南雅,24)When
we
first
learn
English,
our
teacher
always
speaks
it
as
as
she
can
to
make
herself
understood.
A.
slow
B
.slowly
C.
more
slowly
22.(2020青竹湖)The
Yellow
River
is
the
second
river
in
China,
runs
through
nine
provinces.
A.
long
B.
longer
C.
longest
23.(2020北雅第一次月考，4)—
Have
you
watched
Spring
Festival
Gala
this
year?
—
Of
course!
Zhu
Yilong
played
basketball
so
well!
I
have
never
seen
______
man
before.
A．the
handsome
B．a
more
handsome
C．the
most
handsome
24.(2020青竹湖第一次月考，25)____________she
sings!
I
have
never
heard
____________.
A.
What
a
beautiful
song;
a
better
voice
B.
How
beautiful
song;
the
best
voice
C.
How
beautifully;
a
good
voice
25.(2020青竹湖二模，22)—
Hey,
Tony!
Will
you
go
to
Moon
Island
Park
with
Jimmy
tomorrow
afternoon?
—
Oh,
no.
He’s
so
________.
A.
bored
B.
boring
C.
bore
26.(2020麓山国际，3)You
should
never
be
too
careful,
because
the
____
mistakes
you
make,
the
__
you’ll
be.
A.
less;
better
B.
fewer;
better
C.
fewer;
more
27.（2020师梅二模，25）The
pizza
looks
I
can't
wait
to
have
a
try!
A.lovely
B.
sweetly
C.
softly
28.（2020一中调研，27）-Do
you
think
the
pink
dress
looks
prettier
than
the
green
one?
-No.
In
fact,
I
think
it’s
than
the
green
one.
more
beautiful
B
less
beautiful
C.
the
most
beautiful
29.（2020十一中模拟，22）
-Do
the
two
boys
look
the
same?
-No,Mike
is
shorter
than
John.
A.more
B.a
little
C.very
30.（2020长郡三校联考，26）-More
and
more
people
like
buying
things
online?
-Yes.
Because
the
price
is
than
that
of
things
in
real
shops.
A.
lower
B.
much
cheaper
C.
far
cheaper
第五讲
形容词和副词
参考答案
2014—2019年湖南中考题组
1-5
CCBCA
6-10
ACACB
11-15
CCCAC
16-20
ABBAC
21-25
BCACA
26-30
ABBAC
31-35
ABCCA
36-38
BCC
2016—2019年模拟·基础题组
1-5
ACBCB
6-10
BABBB
11-15CBBCA
16-20
BACBA
21-25
BCBAB
26-30
BAABA
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