Unit 2 Neighbours Reading 知识点整理及练习 2020-2021学年牛津译林版英语七年级下册讲义(含答案)

7BU2
Reading
【知识梳理1】What are your neighbour like?(P20)
你的邻居们怎么样？
句型What be...like?一般用于询问人物性格或事物的状况。
What's the weather like in Moscow today?
今天莫斯科的天气怎么样？
[经典例题]
(1)— Many Chinese students go to the USA .What ________ it ________ studying there?
— I am not sure. Maybe you can ask other people for advice (建议) .
A.is; like B. does; like C. /; likes D. is; likes
答案：A
【知识梳理2】They're kind and helpful.(P20)
他们很善良并且乐于助人。
helpful，形容词，意为“愿意帮忙的；有用的”，在句中可作定语或表语。
I called the police but they weren't very helpful.
我叫了警察，但他们不太肯帮忙。
[拓展] helpful是由help加后级-ful构成的派生词。类似的有：
careful 细心的
wonderful 精彩的
beautiful 漂亮的
colourful色彩艳丽的
[拓展]be helpful to sb.意为“对某人很有帮助”。
This will be helpful to start your friendship.
这将有助于开始你们的友谊。
[拓展]helpful的反义词是helpless，意为“无用的；没有帮助的”。
The book is helpless. I don’t want to buy it.这本书没有用。我不想买它。
[经典例题]
(1)—It’s a good way to study English with a group.
—That’s true. I find it_________to improve our pronunciation.
A. thankful B. harmful C. helpful D. careful
(2)Lisa is ready________people any time. She always gives her seat to someone in need.
A. to help B. help C. helping D. to helpful
(3)John always _______ other people. He is _______
A. help; helpful B.helpful; help C. helps; help D. helps; helpful
(4)—I can't stand swimming in cold rivers in winter.
—But it's ________ for your health. You know I often swim in rivers in different seasons.
A．helpful B．harmful C．painful D．careful
(5)The following information might be ________ to readers. They had better spend a few minutes reading _______.
A. helpful; one B. helpful; it C. unhelpful; one D. helpless; it
(6)She is a ________ girl. She always _______ me when I am _______.
A. helpless; helps; helpful B. helpful; helpful; helpless
C. helpful; helps; helpless D. helpful; helps; unhelpful
(7)He saw a _________ baby lying at the foot of the mountain, so he took him home and looked after him.
答案：CADAB CC
【知识梳理3】They often meet at the community centre and share their different skills.(P20)
他们经常在社区中心集中，并和大家分享各自的一技之长。
skill，可数名词，意为“技能，技巧”。表示在某方面的技能或技巧。
These skills used to be handed down from father to son.
这些技术以往都是父子相传。
[拓展]含skill的短语
reading skills 阅读技巧
study skills 学习技巧
writing skills 写作技巧
integrated skills 综合技能
[经典例题]
(1)— Miss Huang always advises us to practise speaking English after class. —She is right. Speaking is an important language_________.
A. sign B. skill C. suggestion D. problem
答案：B
【知识梳理4】They help us with all kinds of problems.(P20)
他们帮助我们]解决各种各样的问题。
1.help sb. with sth.意为“ 帮助某人解决某种困难”，help sb. (to)do sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”，两者可进行同义改写。
I often help my mother with the housework.
=I often help my mother (to ) do the housework.
我经常帮妈妈做家务。
[拓展]常用的含help的短语有:
with the help of在...的帮助下
help sb. out帮助某人克服困难/渡过难关
[经典例题]
(1)I often help my mother _________some housework.
A. does B. be doing
C. did D. do
(2)My mother often________me ________my English.
A. help；/ B. helps；/
C. help；with D. helps；with
答案：DD
2.all kinds of，意为“各种各样的”，kind，名词，意为“种，种类，类型”。 different kinds of意为“不同种类的”
She loved all kinds of dresses.
她喜欢各种各样的连衣裙。
[拓展] kind还可用作形容词，意为“亲切的,仁慈的”；be kind to，意为“对…友好”。
The weather was very kind to us.
天气非常宜人。
[经典例题]
(1) As a student, you must have met_________teachers.
A. kind of B. all kind of C. all kinds of D. all kinds
(2)Linda, thank you so much. You are so ________.
A. beautiful B. kind C. busy D. smart
答案：CB
3.辨析：problem与question
二者都用作可数名词，意为“问题”,但用法不同。
problem指客观存在、等待解决的问题或麻烦事，侧重指难题或理科中有关运算的问题，常作think about, work out, solve等的宾语
question着重指由于对某事感到疑惑不解或不能断定而提出并等待解答的问题，常作ask, answer等的宾语
She tried her best to solve the problem.
她尽了最大的努力解决这个问题。
He couldn't answer the question.
他没有能回答那个问题。
[经典例题]
(1)The safety of food is a serious ______ in our country. We should try to sole it.
A.subject B.programme C.idea D.problem
(2)It’s not easy for me to ______ your _________.
A. ask; problem B. answer; question C. solve; question D. answer; problem
答案：DB
【知识梳理5】There's something wrong with my computer.(P20)
我的电脑出故障了。
1.There is something wrong with sth.，意为“某物坏/失灵了”，相当于“Something is wrong with sth.”，有时还可以用“sth. is not working well.”或“sth. is broken.”替换。
There is something wrong with my computer.
= Something is wrong with my computer.
=My computer is not working well.
=My computer is broken.
我的自行车坏了。
[拓展]There is nothing wrong with sth.，意为“某物没有毛病”，相当于“Nothing is wrong with sth.”，
There is nothing wrong with the car.
Nothing is wrong with the car.
那辆车没有一点毛病。
[经典例题]
(1)There is__________with the washing machine. It doesn’t work.
A. something wrong B. wrong something
C. anything wrong D. wrong anything
答案：A
2.something，不定代词，意为“某事，某物”，多用于肯定句中。在否定句或疑问句中常用anything。作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。
I have something in my eye.
我的眼睛里进了什么东西。
[注意]表示说话人希望得到肯定答复时，在疑问句中可以用something。
Would you like something to eat?
你想吃点什么吗？
【知识梳理6】I'm going to ask a computer engineer to check it. (P20)
我打算找个电脑工程师检查一下。
1.ask sb. to do sth.，意为“要求某人做某事”，其否定形式为ask sb. not to do sth.，“要求某人不要做某事”。
We had to ask him to leave.
我们不得不让他离开。
[经典例题]
(1)Our teacher asks us _________ be late for school.
A. not to B. to not C. not D. don't
(2)Can you ask him __________ me back?
A. call B. calling C. to call D. calls
(3)—I'm afraid I can't help you_________your problem.
—Thank you all the same(仍然). I can ask Fiona_________help.
A. for; for B. for; with C. with; with D. with; for
(4)My mother asks us ______ the lights before we leave the room.
A.to turn off B.to close C.turn off D.close
答案：ACDA
2.engineer，可数名词，意为“工程师”。
As an engineer, you can't be careful.
作为一名工程师，你再小心也不为过。
[经典例题]
(1)Millie wants to be a(n)________in the future. She loves colours.
A. engineer B. artist C. nurse D. waiter
(2)My father is________engineer . He is________computer engineer .
A. an ; an B. an ; a C. an ; the D. a ; the
答案：BB
3.check ，及物动词，意为“检查;核实”。check out，“检查,核实”
Check that the baby's okay.
看一下婴儿是否没事。
[拓展]check，用作名词，意为“检查，核对；支票”。
Could you give the tyres a check?
你能检查一下轮胎吗？
[拓展]check的搭配
check in报到；签到
check on检查，核对
check out调查，结账
check over核对，仔细检查
[经典例题]
(1)—How long does it take the train to get to Beijing from Shanghai?
—Maybe one hour. But why not ______ it on Baidu?
A. fix B. design C. look D. check
(2)—Mum, my computer doesn't work.
—Don't worry. Your father ________ it for you after work.
A．checks B．will check C．check D．going to check
(3)Guests should _________ of their rooms by noon.
A. check out B. stay at C. work out D. plan for
答案：DBA
【知识梳理7】My cousin Annie's bicycle is broken, so she's going to ask someone to fix it.(P20)
我堂妹安妮的自行车坏了，因此她打算请人修理一下。
1.broken，形容词，意为“损坏了的；破碎的”，作表语或定语。动词形式为break(打破,打坏)。
Put that away before it gets broken.
把它收好，免得砸碎了。
2.someone，不定代词，意为“某人”，相当于somebody。在否定句或疑问句中，要把someone改成anyone。
There's someone at the door.
门口有个人。
[注意]
(1)当someone等不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
Someone was beating at the door.
有人在打门。
(2)当有形容词修饰不定代词时，形容词应放在不定代词后面。
Could I speak to someone else, perhaps?
可以换一个人说话吗？
3.fix，动词，意为“修理”，作及物动词时，后面直接跟名词或代词等作宾语。
You can fix the phone on your own.
你可以自己修理这台手机。
[经典例题]
(1)My bike is broken. Could you please help me to________?
A. fix it up B. set it up C. make it up D. put it up
(2)My phone is _________, can you ______ it?
A. breaking; fix B. broken; fix C. broke; mend D. broken; mend
答案：AB
【知识梳理8】Some college students are ready to help.(P20)
一些大学生很乐于助人。
1.college，可数名词，意为“学院，大学”。
Her eldest boy is at college.
她的长子在上大学。
[拓展] be in college正在上大学
go to college上大学
2.be ready to do sth.，意为“愿意做某事；准备好做某事”。
The machine is ready to use.
这台机器已经可以使用了。
[拓展] be get ready for意为“为…做好准备”
He is ready for the long jump.
他为跳远做好准备了。
[经典例题]
(1)His friend is ready_______ such a hard job.
A. do B. to do C. doing D. to doing
(2)This funny little bear is getting ready _________ another fish!
A. with B. for C. about D. to
(3)—_______you ready ________help people in need?
—Sure.
A. Do; to B. Are; to C. Are；for D. Do; for
答案：BBB
【知识梳理9】Some of them often visit the old people and do some hopping for them.(P20)
他们中一一些人经常看望老人，并为他们购买东西。
do some shopping ，意为“买东西，购物”。
They usually do some shopping on Sundays.
他们星期天通常去购物。
[拓展]“do+some+ doing”结构常表示一些笼统而不明指的事。
do some reading阅读
do some cleaning打扫卫生
do some cooking烹饪
do some washing洗衣服
[经典例题]
(1)Let’s do some________.
A. shop B. shops
C. shoping D. shopping
(2)一What do you often do in your free time?
一I have some hobbies like________．I often do some_________when I am free．
A．read；reading B．reading；read C．to read；read D．reading：reading
答案：DD
【知识梳理10】You're lucky to live in a neighbourhood like that, Simon.(P20)
西蒙，住在那样的居民区里你太幸运了。
lucky，形容词，意为“幸运的”，其反义词为unlucky,意为“不幸的”。be lucky to do sth.意为“很幸运做某事”
Other youngsters are not so lucky.
其他的年轻人没有这么幸运。
[拓展]
(1)lucky的名词形式luck, luck 意为“运气”
You're in luck. The doctor's still in.
你运气不错，医生还在。
(2)lucky 的副词形式为luckily, luckily 意为“幸运地”。
Luckily, nothing valuable was stolen.
幸运的是，没有贵重物品失窃。