中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit
1 Past
and
present
Grammar
设计说明
首先通过观看一段电影的剪辑视频，引出现在完成时，然后呈现现在完成时的三个概念以及与之连用的时间状语，并通过一些练习进行巩固。再对完成时态中just,
never,
already,
yet,
ever,
since和for的用法加以讲解和区分。最后对规则动词的过去分词变化规律进行分类讲解，同时对不规则动词的变化规律也进行讲解，进而通过练习来巩固。
教学目标
通过本课节的教学，让学生达成以下目标：
1.知识目标
掌握词汇：yet,
recently,
past
2.能力目标
(1)掌握现在完成时的基本结构、基本用法和动词过去分词的变化规律；能够在语境中正确运用现在完成时；
(2)理解并运用常和现在完成时连用的时间表达方式。
3.情感目标
了解城市变迁，培养学生热爱生活、感恩社会的情感。
重点难点
1.重点：现在完成时的基本结构、用法和动词的过去分词变化规则。
2.难点：能够在语境中正确运用现在完成时。
教学准备
PPT
课件；相关图片。
授课时数
1课时
教学过程
Step
1 Lead-in
Watch
a
video
and
pay
attention
to
what
they
said.
Then
show
the
sentences
about
the
present
perfect
tense
in
the
video
on
the
screen.
1.
I’ve
lived
here
since
I
was
born.
2.
Have
you
ever
moved
house?
3.
…and
we’ve
lived
in
this
area
since
then.
4.
Has
the
town
changed
a
lot
over
the
years?
5.
Now
the
government
has
turned
part
of
the
town
centre
into
a
new
park.
6.
However,
most
of
my
old
friends
have
moved
away.
7.
It
has
become
impossible
for
us
to
see
each
other
as
often
as
before.
Ask:
What
can
you
find
out?
They
are
the
sentences
with
“have/has+done”.
Step
2 Presentation
Ⅰ.
More
examples.
Say:
Can
you
find
more
sentences
with“have/has+
done”in
“Welcome
to
the
unit”?
Then
give
students
one
minute
to
find
more
sentences.
I’ve
just
eaten
it.
You’ve
changed
too.
You’ve
eaten
my
food.
Ⅱ.
Analysis.
1.
We
use
the
present
perfect
tense
to
talk
about
actions
that
started
in
the
past
and
continue
to
the
present.
表示从过去开始，一直持续到现在的动作。
(1)常用的时间状语有：
①for+一段时间：如for
three
years,
for
a
long
time…
I
have
known
you
for
a
long
time.
我认识你很长时间了。
②since+过去的时间点/动作：since
last
year,
since
I
came
here…
I
have
not
seen
him
since
we
met
last
week.
自从我们上周见过面，我就没有见过他。
(2)“for+时间段”可与“since+时间点”转换。
Translate
some
sentences.
①我认识李雷三年了。
I’ve
known
Li
Lei
for
three
years.
=I’ve
known
Li
Lei
since
three
years
ago.
②我已经学了10多年的英语。
I
have
learned
English
for
over
ten
years.
2.
We
use
the
present
perfect
tense
to
talk
about
actions
that
happened
in
the
past
and
have
a
connection
with
the
present.
表示过去发生或已完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
I
have
just
opened
the
door.我刚刚开了门。
(The
door
is
not
closed
now.)
Jack
has
already
finished
his
homework.
杰克已经完成了他的家庭作业。
(Jack
is
free
now.)
Practice:
Choose
the
correct
answers.
①Look
at
my
bowl.
Who
_______
my
dumplings?
That’s
too
bad!
A.
ate
B.
has
eaten
②Jack
________
home.
Don’t
worry.
A.
arrived
B.
has
just
arrived
③I
________
the
key
to
the
door,
so
I
have
to
wait
till
Mum
comes
back.
A.
have
lost
B.
lose
Answers:
BBA
常用的时间状语有：
(1)
already“已经”，放在肯定句句中或句末；
(2)
yet放在疑问句句尾时，表示“已经”；
放在否定句句尾时，表示“还（没，不）”；
(3)
ever“曾经”，用于肯定句、疑问句或否定句中；
(4)
never“从来没有”，表示否定意义；
(5)
just“刚刚”，用于陈述句中；
(6)
recently“近来”，可用于句首、句中或句末；
Practice:
Do
some
exercises
to
consolidate
them.
①I
have
_________
come
back
from
the
supermarket.
(for,
just,
since)
②I
have
_________
been
to
Chendu.
(for,
never,
yet
)
③He
has
worked
there
_________
he
left
school.
(already,
just,
since)
④She
has
known
Sam
_________
nine
years.
(for,
never,
since)
⑤Have
you
_________
ridden
a
horse?
(ever,
for,
yet)
Answers:
①
just ②
never ③
since ④
for ⑤
ever
3.
We
also
use
the
present
perfect
tense
to
talk
about
how
many
times
actions
have
happened
till
now.
现在完成时还可以谈论到目前为止动作发生的次数。（常用的时间状语有：never,
twice,
three
times,
many
times等）
Eddie
and
Millie
have
read
Harry
Potter
many
times.
埃迪和米莉读过《哈利·波特》这本书许多次了。
Millie
has
been
to
Disneyland
twice.
米莉去过迪士尼乐园两次了。
Step
3 Summary
Give
a
summary
of
the
basic
structure
of
the
present
perfect
tense.
肯定句：主语
+have/has+p.p.
否定句：主语+
have/has
+
not
+
p.p.
一般疑问句：Have/Has
+主语+
p.p.
(1)
Nick忘了Judy的生日。（翻译句子）
Nick
has
forgotten
Judy’s
birthday.
(2)
He
has
forgotten
my
birthday.
（改为否定句）
He
has
not
forgotten
my
birthday.
(3)
Max
has
lived
in
this
city
all
his
life.
（改为一般疑问句并作回答）
—Has
Max
lived
in
this
city
all
his
life？
—Yes,
he
has./
No,
he
hasn’t.
Step
4 Lead-in
1.
Learn
the
rules
the
past
participle
of
regular
verbs.
Most
verbs+
edwash→washedVerbs
ending
in
-e+
dlive→livedVerbs
ending
in
a
consonant
+
y-y
+
iedstudy→studiedShort
verbs
ending
in
a
vowel+
a
consonantdouble
the
consonant
+
edstop→stopped
2.
Learn
the
rules
of
irregular
verbs.
(1)
Changing
the
letters.
No
changecome
→
come
hurt
→
hurtChange
the
vowelhold
→
held
win
→
wonChange
the
consonantlend
→
lent
build
→
builtChange
the
vowel(s)
and
the
consonant(s)catch
→
caught
keep
→
kept
forget
→
forgotten
tell
→
toldOthersbe
→
been
have
→
had
fall
→
fallen
fly
→
flown
draw
→
drawn
see
→
seen
(2)
Different
spelling
forms
among
original,
p.t
and
p.p.
Typeoriginalp.tp.pAAAcostcostcostABAcomecamecomerunranrunABBgetgotgotcatchcaughtcaughtABCseesawseenforgetforgotforgottendrinkdrankdrunkgrowgrewgrowneatateeaten
Turn
to
Pages
122
~
123
for
more
changes
of
irregular
verbs.
Step
5 Practice
1.
Play
a
game.
Give
some
words
and
ask
the
students
to
say
the
past
participles
as
soon
as
possible.
2.
Finish
Part
A
on
Page
14.
Then
check
the
answers.
(1)
borrow
_______
(2)
hope
___________
(3)
make
_________
(4)
get
__________
(5)
plan
____________
(6)
cry___________
(7)
send_________
(8)
watch___________
(9)
say
__________
(10)
grow________
(11)
hit
____________
(12)
enjoy________
Answers:
(1)
borrowed (2)
hoped (3)
made (4)
got (5)
planned
(6)
cried (7)
sent (8)
watched (9)
said (10)
grown (11)
hit
(12)
enjoyed
Step
6 Practice
1.
Finish
Part
B
on
Page
14.
Then
check
the
answers.
(1)
They
__________(finish)
their
homework
already.
(2)
John
__________
never
__________
(visit)
China.
(3)
Mr
Li
____________(repair)
over
ten
bicycles
since
Monday.
(4)
We_____________
(not
see)
each
other
for
years.
(5)
My
parents
______________
(not
come)
back
yet.
(6)
Our
teacher
___________
(teach)
us
a
lot
about
the
history
of
China.
Answers:
(1)
have
finished (2)
has,
visited (3)
has
repaired (4)
haven’t
seen (5)
haven’t
seen (6)
has
taught
2.
Finish
Part
C
on
Page
14.
Then
check
the
answers.
Millie:
(1)
________
you
________
(see)
any
films
recently,
Sandy?
Sandy:
No,
I
haven’t.
What
about
you?
Millie:
Well,
I
(2)________
(see)
one
last
Saturday.
Sandy:
What
is
it
about?
Millie:
It’s
about
the
changes
in
Beijing
over
the
past
century.
From
this
film,
I
(3)
___________(learn)
more
about
Beijing’s
past
and
present.
Sandy:
Oh,
I
think
I
(4)__________
(hear)
about
the
film.
Do
you
plan
to
see
it
again?
Millie:
Yes,
I’d
like
to.
Answers:
(1)
Have,
seen (2)
saw (3)
have
learnt (4)
have
heard
Step
7 Homework
1.
Review
the
summary
on
present
perfect
tense.
2.
Finish
the
exercises
on
the
workbook.
当堂达标
I.
写出下列单词的过去分词。
1.
arrive________
2.
become________
3.
begin_________
4.
study________
5.
build__________
6.
stop__________
7.
cost_________
8.
meet__________
9.
enjoy_________
10.
eat_________
11.
plan__________
12.
fall__________
13.
fly_________
14.
think__________
15.
know________
II.
用括号中所给动词的现在完成时填空。
1.
Recently
thousands
of
fans
_________(meet)
in
Los
Angeles
to
show
their
respect
to
the
famous
basketball
players.
2.
I
_______________
(not
finish)
the
work
yet.
3.
_________
their
government
_______
(take)
action
to
stop
the
epidemic
yet?
4.
I
____________
(not
hear)
from
my
brother
for
a
long
time.
5.
Many
cinemas
___________
(be)
closed
since
January
25.
III.
用括号内所给动词适当形式填空。
Recently
we
__________(read)
lots
of
news
about
the
novel
coronavirus（新型冠状病毒）.
The
Chinese
government
has
taken
active
action
to
protect
its
people
as
well
as
those
around
the
world.
However,
there
_________
(be)
many
more
cases
outside
China
since
January
13.
WHO
experts
just
________
(discuss)
the
issue
with
the
Chinese
side.
They
say
our
government
_________
already
_________
(do)
a
great
job
in
fighting
against
the
novel
coronavirus.
China
will
continue
working
with
WHO.
We
are
sure
China
is
able
to
control
the
outbreak.
Now
the
situation
________(be)
under
control.
As
middle
school
students,
we
should
try
our
best
to
protect
ourselves.
The
best
way
is
to
stay
at
home
and
wash
our
hands
often.
If
we
have
to
go
out,
we
must
wear
a
mask.
Remember
we
are
the
one
who
can
fill
the
world
with
sunshine.
Answers：I.
1.
arrived 2.
become 3.
begun 4.
studied 5.
built 6.
stopped
7.
cost 8.
met 9.
enjoyed 10.
eaten 11.
planned 12.
fallen
13.
flown 14.
thought 15.
known
II.
1.
have
met 2.
haven’t
finished 3.
Has,
taken 4.
haven’t
heard
5.
have
been
III.
have
read；have
been；have
discussed；has,
done；has
been
板书设计
Unit
1 Past
and
present
GrammarNew
words:
yet
recently
pastPhrases:
over
the
past
century
earn
more
about
教学反思
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)(共31张PPT)
Unit
1
Past
and
present
Grammar
2021年春牛津译林版英语八年级下册精品课件
学
习
目
标
掌握本课节新单词及短语：yet,
recently,
past
1
3
理解并运用常和现在完成时连用的表示时间的词汇。
掌握现在完成时的基本结构、用法和动词的过去分词变化规则；
能够在语境中正确运用现在完成时。
2
课
堂
导
入
Watch
a
video
and
pay
attention
to
what
they
said.
1.
I’ve
lived
here
since
I
was
born.
2.
Have
you
ever
moved
house?
3.
…and
we’ve
lived
in
this
area
since
then.
4.
Has
the
town
changed
a
lot
over
the
years?
Now
the
government
has
turned
part
of
the
town
centre
into
a
new
park.
6.
However,
most
of
my
old
friends
have
moved
away.
It
has
become
impossible
for
us
to
see
each
other
as
often
as
before.
Sentences
with
the
present
perfect
tense
in
the
video.
I've
just
eaten
it.
You've
changed.
You’ve
eaten
my
food?
Have
you
seen
my
food?
Can
you
find
more
sentences
with
"have/
has+
done"
in
Welcome
to
the
unit?
Pre-task:
More
examples
When
do
we
use
the
present
perfect
tense?
While-task
1:
Learn
by
yourself
Ⅰ.
We
use
the
present
perfect
tense
to
talk
about
an
action
that
started
in
the
past
and
continues
to
the
present.
表示过去开始，一直持续到现在的动作。
for:
后接一段时间，如：for
three
years,
for
a
long
time…
I
have
known
you
for
a
long
time.
since:自从…
…，后接过去的时间点/动作。
since
last
year,
since
I
came
here,…
I
have
not
seen
him
since
we
met
last
week.
常用的时间状语有：
A
B
I
_____________
English
____________________.
2.我已经学了10多年的英语。
have
learned
for
over
ten
years
1.我认识李雷三年了.
I’ve
known
Li
Lei
_______________.
=I’ve
known
Li
Lei______________________.
for
three
years
since
three
years
ago
Practice:
Finish
the
sentences
Ⅱ.
We
use
the
present
perfect
tense
to
talk
about
an
action
that
happened
in
the
past
and
has
a
connection
with
the
present.
表示过去发生的或已完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
Past
present
Eddie
has
eaten
Millie’s
food.
1.
I
have
just
opened
the
door.
(The
door
is
not
closed
now.）
2.
Jack
has
already
finished
his
homework.
(Jack
is
free
now.
)
Look
at
my
bowl.
Who
_______
my
dumplings?
That’s
too
bad!
2.
Jack
________
home.
Don’t
worry.
3.
I
________
the
key
to
the
door,
so
I
have
to
wait
till
Mum
comes
back.
B.
has
eaten
A.
ate
A.
arrived
B.
has
just
arrived
A.
have
lost
B.
lose
Practice:
Choose
the
correct
ones.
B
B
A
（1）already
“已经”，放在肯定句句中或句末；
（2）yet放在疑问句句尾时，表示“已经”；
放在否定句句尾时，表示“还(没，不)”
（3）ever
“曾经”，用于肯定句、疑问句或否定句中；
（4）never
“从来没有”，表示否定意义。
（5）
just
“刚刚”，用于陈述句中；
（6）
recently
“近来”，可用于句首、句中或句末。
常用的时间状语有：
(1)I
have
_____
come
back
from
the
supermarket.
(for,
just,
since)
(2)
I
have
___________
been
to
Chengdu.
(for,
never,
yet)
(3)
He
has
worked
there
______he
left
school.
(already,
just,
since)
(4)
She
has
known
Sam______
nine
years.
(for,
never,
since)
(5)
Have
you
_____
ridden
a
horse?
(ever,
for,
yet)
just
never
since
for
ever
Fill
in
the
blanks
with
the
proper
words
given.
Ⅲ.We
also
use
the
present
perfect
tense
to
talk
about
how
many
times
an
action
has
happened
till
now.
现在完成时还可以谈论到目前为止动作发生的次数。
（常用的时间状语有：never,
twice,
three
times,
many
times等）
Eddie
and
Millie
have
read
Harry
Potter
many
times.
埃迪和米莉读过《哈利波特》这本书许多次了。
Millie
has
been
to
Disneyland
twice.
米莉去过迪斯尼乐园两次了。
Basic
structure
肯定句：主语+have/has
+
p.p
否定句：主语+have/has+
not
+p.p.
have
not=haven’t
has
not
=hasn’t
一般疑问句：Have/
Has
+
主语
+
p.p.？
---______
Max
______
in
this
city
all
his
life？
3.
Max
has
lived
in
this
city
all
his
life.(改为一般疑问句
并作回答)
1.Nick忘了Judy的生日。(翻译句子)
Nick
_______
_________Judy’s
birthday.
Practice:
---Yes,
he
has./
No,
he
hasn’t.
has
forgotten
2.
Nick
has
forgotten
Judy’s
birthday.
(改为否定句)
Nick
____
____
_________Judy’s
birthday.
Has
forgotten
not
has
lived
Most
verbs
+
ed
wash→washed
Verbs
ending
in
-e
+
d
live→lived
Verbs
ending
in
a
consonant
+
y
-
y
+
ied
study→studied
Short
verbs
ending
in
a
vowel
+
a
consonant
double
the
consonant
+
ed
stop→stopped
Learn
the
rules
By
changing
the
letters.
不规则变化
Type
original
p.t
p.p
cost
cost
cost
come
came
come
run
ran
run
get
got
got
catch
caught
caught
see
saw
seen
forget
forgot
forgotten
drink
drank
drunk
grow
grew
grown
eat
ate
eaten
ABB
AAA
ABC
ABA
By
the
spelling
difference
of
original,
p.t
and
p.p.
Turn
to
pages
122
and
123
for
more
changes
of
irregular
verbs.
donate
catch
eat
see
keep
have
come
stop
live
am/is
build
put
Task
one:Play
a
game（说出所给动词的过去分词）
1
borrow
2
hope
3
make
4
get
5
plan
6
cry
7
send
8
watch
9
say
10
grow
11
hit
12
enjoy
1
borrow
2
hope
3
make
4
get
5
plan
6
cry
borrowed
hoped
made
got
planned
cried
sent
watched
said
grown
hit
enjoyed
Finish
Part
A
on
page
14
1.
They
__________
(finish)
their
homework
already.
2.
John
_____never
_____
(visit)
China.
3.
Mr.
Li
_____________(repair)
over
ten
bicycles
since
Monday.
4.
We_____________
(not
see)
each
other
for
years.
5.
My
parents
______________
(not
come)
back
yet.
6.
Our
teacher
___________
(teach)
us
a
lot
about
the
history
of
China.
have
finished
has
visited
has
repaired
haven’t
seen
has
taught
haven’t
come
Finish
Part
B
on
page
14
Millie:
________
you
________
(see)
any
films
recently,
Sandy?
Sandy:
No,
I
haven’t.
What
about
you?
Millie:
Well,
I
________
(see)
one
last
Saturday.
Sandy:
What
is
it
about?
Millie:
It’s
about
the
changes
in
Beijing
over
the
past
century.
From
this
film,
I
___________
(learn)
more
about
Beijing’s
past
and
present.
Sandy:
Oh,
I
think
I
___________
(hear)
about
the
film.
Do
you
plan
to
see
it
again?
Millie:
Yes,
I’d
like
to.
Have
seen
saw
have
heard
have
learnt
Finish
Part
C
on
page
14
I.写出下列词的过去分词。
1.
arrive________
2.
become________
3.
begin_________
4.
study________
5.
build__________
6.
stop__________
7.
cost_________
8.
meet__________
9.
enjoy_________
10.
eat_________
11.
plan__________12.
fall__________
13.
fly_________14.
think__________15.
know________
课
堂
达
标
arrived
become
began
studied
built
stopped
cost
met
enjoyed
eaten
planned
fallen
flown
thought
known
II.用括号中所给动词的现在完成时填空。
1.
Recently
thousands
of
fans
_________
(meet)
in
Los
Angeles
to
famous
basketball
players.
2.
I
_______________
(not
finish)
the
work
yet.
3.
_____
their
government
_______
(take)
action
to
stop
the
epidemic
yet?
4.
I
____________
(not
hear)
from
my
brother
for
a
long
time.
5.
Many
cinemas
___________
(be)
closed
since
January
25.
have
met
haven’t
finished
Has
taken
haven’t
heard
have
been
III.用括号内所给动词适当形式填空。
Recently
we
__________(read)
lots
of
news
about
the
novel
coronavirus
(新型冠状病毒).
The
Chinese
government
has
taken
active
actions
to
protect
its
people
as
well
as
those
around
the
world.
However,
there
___________
(be)
many
more
cases
outside
China
since
January
13.
WHO
experts
_____
__________(discuss)
the
issue
with
the
Chinese
side.
They
say
our
government
_____
already
_____
(do)
a
great
job
in
fighting
against
the
novel
coronavirus.
China
will
continue
working
with
WHO.
We
are
sure
China
is
able
to
control
the
outbreak.
Now
the
situation
_____
_____(be)
under
control.
As
middle
school
students,
we
should
try
our
best
to
protect
ourselves.
The
best
way
is
to
stay
at
home
and
wash
our
hands
often.
If
we
have
to
go
out,
we
must
wear
a
mask.
Remember
we
are
the
one
who
can
fill
the
world
with
sunshine.
have
read
have
been
have
discussed
has
done
has
been
1.
Review
the
summary
on
present
perfect
tense.
2.
Finish
the
exercises
on
the
workbook.
Homework
谢谢
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