中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit
4 A
good
read
Grammar
设计说明
首先通过一组图片来学习本课时的生词，再复习之前学过的动词不定式在句中作不同成分的用法，继而呈现疑问词跟动词不定式连用的几种情况，并通过一些练习进行巩固。再通过library
rules
对must和have
to的用法加以讲解和区分。然后通过一些图片设置的情境进行区分，最后通过练习来巩固。
教学目标
通过本课节的教学，让学生达成以下目标：
1.知识目标
掌握词汇：hand,
review,
return,
hand
in,
write
about,
and
so
on,
ask
for
help,
on
time
2.能力目标
(1)学会正确使用“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构；
(2)学会正确使用must和have
to。
3.情感目标
通过推荐好书的对话和了解图书馆借书流程，培养学生热爱阅读的习惯。
重点难点
1.重点：学会正确使用“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构。
2.难点：正确使用must和have
to。
教学准备
PPT
课件；相关图片。
授课时数
1课时
教学过程
Step
1 Lead-in
1.
Show
some
pictures
and
teach
some
new
words.
hand
vi.
交；递，给
hand
in上交，递交
review
/r??
vju?/
n.
评论
return
vt.归还
on
time准时
renew
/r??nju?/
vt.续借；更新；重新开始
2.
Revise
to-infinitives
To
do
that
kind
of
thing
is
foolish.
主语
I
want
to
see
you
this
evening.
宾语
All
you
have
to
do
is
to
finish
it
quickly.
表语
We
found
a
house
to
live
in.
定语
She
came
here
to
study
English.
状语
He
asked
the
patient
not
to
eat
cold
food
after
the
operation.
宾补
Step
2 Presentation
1.
Show
some
pictures
and
analyze
the
usage
of
“question
words
+
to-infinitives”.
(1)
Andy
doesn’t
know
what
to
wear.（穿什么）
(2)
The
man
is
teaching
the
boy
how
to
borrow
books
（如何借书）from
a
library.
(3)
The
boy
is
asking
the
teacher
when
to
hand
in
the
homework（什么时候交作业）.
(4)
Mum
is
telling
her
daughter
where
to
go
shopping（去哪里购物）.
2.
We
can
use
a
question
word
with
a
to-infinitive
after
a
verb.
(1)
Millie
has
decided
________________（读什么）.
(2)
Daniel
did
not
say
_____________（和谁交谈）about
this
book.
(3)
Simon
forgot
______________（什么时候遇见）his
friends.
(4)
Kitty
cannot
decide
________________（选哪一个）first.
(5)
Sandy
is
wondering
______________（去哪儿请求）for
help.
(6)
Amy
does
not
know
_____________（怎样写）the
report.
Answers:
(1)what
to
read (2)who
to
talk
to (3)when
to
meet (4)which
one
to
choose (5)where
to
ask (6)how
to
write
【注意】All
question
words
can
be
used
in
this
way,
except
why.
Suzy
will
explain
why
to
recommend
this
book.
×
Suzy
will
explain
why
she
recommend
this
book.
√
3.
We
can
use
a
verb
and
an
object
before
a
question
word
with
a
to-infinitive.
advise,
ask,
decide,
discuss,
find
out,
forget,
know,
learn,
remember,
say,
show,
teach,
think,
understand,
wonder
(1)
Mr
Wu
advised
us
________________（选择哪一个）
as
after-school
activities.
(2)
The
students
asked
their
teacher
____________________（什么时候上交）their
work.
(3)
Millie
showed
us
________________（做什么）
next.
(4)
Daniel
taught
himself
______________（怎样用）a
computer
to
draw.
(5)
Don’t
forget
to
tell
your
mum
_______________（在哪儿接）you.
Answers:
(1)which
to
choose (2)when
to
hand
in (3)what
to
do (4)how
to
use (5)where
to
meet
4.
We
can
use
a
noun
after
what,
which,
whose,
how
many
and
how
much.
(1)
They
are
discussing
____________________（涂哪一个颜色）
the
walls.
(2)
You
can
ask
your
parents
___________________（带多少钱）with
you.
Answers:
(1)which
colour
to
paint (2)how
much
money
to
take
5.
We
can
also
use
an
adjective
like
sure
or
clear
before
a
question
word.
Suzy
was
not
sure
______________（向谁请求）help.
Are
you
clear
___________（什么时候见面）
at
the
gate
tomorrow?
Keys:
who
to
ask
for,
when
to
meet
Step
3 Summary
1.四种结构。
(1)
动词+疑问词
+
to
do
sth
(2)
动词+
宾语+
疑问词+to
do
sth
(3)
动词+
疑问词+
名词+
to
do
sth
(4)
adj.
(sure/clear)
+
疑问词+to
do
sth
2.“疑问词+动词不定式”结构在句子中还可以作主语和表语。
(1)
What
to
do
with（如何处理)
the
waste
is
still
a
hard
problem.
(2)
The
problem
is
when
to
leave（何时离开）the
place.
3.“疑问词+动词不定式”结构可以改写成由该疑问词引导的从句。
e.g.
I
don’t
know
what
to
do.（该做什么）
=
I
don’t
know
what
I
should
do.
【注意】所有疑问句中，只有why不可以与动词不定式连用
Step
4 Practice
1.同义句转换
(1)
He
did
not
know
where
he
could
find
other
people.
=
where
to
find
(2)
He
wondered
who
he
could
ask
for
help.
=
who
to
ask
for
(3)He
did
not
know
how
he
could
break
the
ropes.
=
how
to
break
(4)
He
found
out
what
he
could
do
with
the
tiny
man.
=
what
to
do
with
(5)
He
decided
when
he
should
leave
Lilliput.
=
when
to
leave
(6)
I
don’t
know
what
I
should
do/how
I
should
do
it.（怎么办）
=
what
to
do/how
to
do
it
2.
Amy
and
Daniel
are
talking
about
their
Reading
plete
their
conversation.
Use
the
correct
question
words
and
to-infinitives.
Then
check
the
answers.
how,
what,
when,
where,
which,
who,
ask
for,
find,
hand
in,
read,
speak,
travel,
write
about
Amy:
Mr
Wu
has
recommended
so
many
interesting
books.
Have
you
decided
(1)
____________
first,
Daniel?
Daniel:
Yes.
I
want
to
read
Black
Beauty
first.
But
I
don’t
know
(2)
_________
the
book.
Amy:
You
can
try
our
school
library
or
Sunshine
Library.
Oh,
did
you
know
Peter
is
reading
Around
the
World
in
Eighty
Days?
He
wants
to
find
out
(3)
__________
around
the
world
in
such
a
short
time.
Daniel:
Wow,
that’s
amazing!
By
the
way,
can
you
tell
me
(4)_____________
our
book
report?
Amy:
Before
next
Friday.
I’m
still
not
sure
(5)
_____________
in
the
report.
Daniel:
You
can
write
anything
about
your
book—what
the
book
is
about,
what
you
think
of
it
and
so
on.
You
should
read
some
reviews
about
the
book
before
writing.
Amy:
Thank
you.
Anyway,
I
know
(6)
_____________
help
with
writing.
Mr
Wu
is
always
there
to
help
us.
Answers:
(1)
which
to
read (2)
where
to
find (3)
how
to
travel (4)
when
to
hand
in (5)
what
to
write
about (6)
who
to
ask
for
Step
5 Presentation
1.
Show
a
picture
of
a
library
and
some
library
rules.
(1)
I
must
keep
quiet
in
the
library.
(2)
I
want
to
keep
the
book
longer,
but
I
have
to
return
it
on
time.
2.
Show
the
usage
of
“must”
and
“have
to”.
must
表示主语“必须”做某事，强调说话人的主观意愿;
have
to
强调的是客观需要，意思是“不得不，得做某事”。
have
to
有人称和数的变化:
has
to,
had
to,
will
have
to。
3.
Give
more
examples.
People
mustn’t
smoke
in
the
library.
mustn’t（禁止）
—Do
people
have
to
pay
for
the
book
in
the
library?
—No,
they
don’t
have
to
pay
for
the
book
in
the
library.
don’t
have
to
do
sth（不必做某事）
4.
Let’s
work
out
the
rules!
(1)
必须做某事（主观意愿）
must
do
sth
禁止做某事
mustn’t
do
sth
(2)
不得不做某事（客观需要）have
to
do
sth
不必做某事
don’t
have
to
do
sth
【拓展】
(1)
must用在一般疑问句中，肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn’t
或
don’t
have
to。
—Must
I
keep
the
book
clean
and
tidy?
—Yes,
you
must.
—Must
I
bring
my
ID
card（身份证）
when
I
come
here?
—No,
you
needn’t.
—No,
you
don’t
have
to.
(2)
must还可以表示肯定猜测，意思是“一定”。否定的猜测是can’t。
You
must
be
hungry
after
all
that
walking.
走了那么远的路，你一定饿了吧。
That
can’t
be
Lucy.
She
has
gone
to
America.
那肯定不是露西，她已经去了美国。
Step
6 Practice
1.
用
must,
mustn’t,
have
to,
don’t
have
to的适当形式填空
(1)People
go
across
the
road
when
the
traffic
light
is
red.
(2)People
wait
for
the
green
traffic
lights.
(3)Her
mother
look
after
her
at
home
because
she
is
ill.
(4)She
have
lessons
at
school.
Answers:
(1)mustn’t (2)must (3)has
to (4)doesn’t
have
to
2.
Amy
is
telling
her
cousin
Shirley
some
library
plete
what
she
says
with
must,
must
not,
have
to
or
don’t
have
to.
Then
check
the
answers
with
students.
You
(1)
_______
keep
quiet
in
the
library.
You
(2)
_______
keep
the
books
clean
and
tidy.
You
(3)
_______
draw
or
write
in
the
books
.
You
(4)
_______
eat
or
drink
in
the
library.
You
(5)
_______
return
the
books
on
time.
If
you
want
to
keep
them
longer,
you
(6)
_______
renew
them.
You
(7)
________
bring
your
student
card
every
time
you
go
to
the
library,
but
remember
to
bring
your
library
card.
Answers:
(1)
must (2)must (3)must
not (4)must
not (5)
must (6)have
to (7)
do
not
have
to
Step
7 Homework
1.
Remember
the
grammar
rules
in
this
lesson.
2.
Finish
the
exercise
in
the
workbook.
当堂达标
I.
选词填空。
1.
They
know
___________
to
meet
at
8:00
tomorrow.
(where,
when)
2.
Can
you
tell
us
_________
to
talk
to?
(who,
where)
3.
Do
you
know
_________to
fix
the
computer?
(who,
how)
II.
用所给词的适当形式填空
1.
Sandy
wants
to
know
where
_________
(ask)
for
advice.
2.
My
question
is
when
___________(start).
3.
Could
you
tell
me
which
__________(do)
first,my
homework
or
my
favourite
hobby?
III.
翻译。
1.
吉姆还没有决定向谁请求帮助。
Jim
hasn’t
decided
____________________.
2.
他们忘了应当什么时间交作业。
They
forgot
__________________
the
homework.
3.
我必须努力学习。
__________________________________
4.
她得照看她妈妈，因为她妈妈病了。
___________________________________
5.
你禁止在书上画画或者写字。
___________________________________
IV.
单项选择。
1.
—Must
I
return
the
book
today?
—No,
you
_______.
A.
don’t
B.
can’t
C.
mustn’t
D.
don’t
have
to
2.
Students
in
our
school
______
know
shouting
is
not
allowed（允许）
in
the
library.
A.
can
B.
may
C.
must
D.
need
Answers:
I.
1.
where 2.
who 3.
how
II.
1.
to
ask 2.
to
start 3.
to
do
III.
1.
who
to
ask
for
help 2.
when
to
hand
in 3.
I
must
work
hard.
4.
She
has
to
look
after
her
mother,
because
her
mother
is
ill.
5.You
mustn’t
draw
or
write
in
the
book.
IV.
1.
D 2.
C
板书设计
Unit
4 A
good
read
GrammarNew
words
and
phrases:
hand
review
return
hand
in
write
about
and
so
on
ask
for
help
on
timeGrammar:
1.“疑问词+动词不定式”四种结构
(1)
动词+
疑问词
+
to
do
sth
(2)
动词+
宾语+
疑问词+to
do
sth
(3)
动词+
疑问词+
名词+
to
do
sth
(4)
adj.
(sure/clear)+
疑问词+to
do
sth
2.must与have
to
(1)
must:
主观意愿
必须做某事must
do
sth
禁止做某事mustn’t
do
sth
(2)
have
to:
客观需要
不得不做某事have
to
do
sth
不必做某事
don’t
have
to
do
sth
教学反思
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)(共36张PPT)
Unit
4
A
good
read
Grammar
2021年春牛津译林版英语八年级下册精品课件
学
习
目
标
掌握本课时新单词及短语：hand,
review,
return,
hand
in,
write
about,
and
so
on,
ask
for
help
with
writing,
on
time
1
3
学会正确使用must和have
to。
学会正确使用“特殊疑问词+
动词不定式”
结构。
2
New
words
hand
hand
in
v.
交；递，给
上交，递交
review
return
renew
on
time
n.
评论
/r?'vju?/
v.归还
准时
v.续借；更新
/r?'nju?/
动词不定式
To
do
that
kind
of
thing
is
foolish。
I
want
to
see
you
this
evening.
All
you
have
to
do
is
to
finish
it
quickly.
We
found
a
house
to
live
in.
She
came
here
to
study
English.
He
asked
the
patient
not
to
eat
cold
water
after
the
operation.
主语
宾语
表语
定语
状语
宾补
Revise
to-infinitives
Using
question
words
+
to-infinitives
Andy
doesn't
know
____________.
(穿什么)
what
to
wear
Presentation
The
man
is
_______________(教这个男孩)
_____________________
(如何借书）from
a
library.
how
to
borrow
books
teach
how
borrow
books
teaching
the
boy
ask
when
hand
in
The
boy
is
__________________
(问老师)
__________________________
(什么时候交作业).
when
to
hand
in
the
homework
asking
the
teacher
Mum
is
__________________(告诉她女儿)
（去哪里购物）.
tell
where
go
shopping
_____________________
telling
her
daughter
where
to
go
shopping.
We
can
use
a
question
word
with
a
to-
infinitive
after
a
verb.
e.g.
1.
Millie
has
decided________________(读什么).
2.
Daniel
did
not
say
_____________(和谁交谈)about
this
book.
3.
Simon
forgot
______________(什么时候见)his
friends.
4.
Kitty
cannot
decide
________________(选哪一个)first.
5.
Sandy
is
wondering
______________(去哪儿请求)for
help.
6.
Amy
does
not
know
_____________(怎样写)the
report.
what
to
read
who
to
talk
to
when
to
meet
which
to
choose
where
to
ask
how
to
write
我们可以用疑问词加动词不定式放在动词后做宾语。
All
question
words
can
be
used
in
this
way,
except
why.
Suzy
will
explain
why
to
recommend
this
book.
Suzy
will
explain
why
she
recommend
this
book.
√
×
所有疑问词中，只有why不可以与动词不定式连用
We
can
use
a
verb
+
object
before
a
question
word
with
a
to-infinitive.
advise,
ask,
decide,
discuss,
find
out,
forget,
know,
learn
remember,
say,
show,
teach,
think,
understand,
wonder
1.
Mr
Wu
advised
us
________________
(选择哪一个)
as
after-school
activities.
2.
The
students
asked
their
teacher
______________
(什么时候上交)their
work.
3.
Millie
showed
us________________(下一步做什么).
4.
Daniel
taught
himself__________(怎样用)a
computer
to
draw.
5.
Don’t
forget
to
tell
your
mum
_______________
(在哪儿接)
you.
which
to
choose
when
to
hand
in
what
to
do
next
how
to
use
where
to
meet
我们可以在疑问词+动词不定式前使用“动词+宾语”。
We
can
use
a
noun
after
what,
which,
whose,
how
many
and
how
much.
(我们可以在what,
which,
whose,
how
many和how
much后加上一个名词)
e.g.
1.
They
are
discussing
____________________
(涂哪一个颜色)
the
walls.
2.
You
can
ask
your
parents
_____________________
(带多少钱)with
you.
which
color
to
paint
how
much
money
to
take
e.g.
Suzy
was
not
sure
______________(向谁请求)help.
Are
you
clear
___________
(什么时候见面)
at
the
gate
tomorrow?
who
to
ask
for
when
to
meet
We
can
also
use
an
adjective
like
sure
or
clear
before
a
question
word.
(
我们还可以在疑问词前用像sure
或clear这样的形容词。)
四种结构
1)
动词+
疑问词
+
to
do
sth.
2)
动词+
宾语+
疑问词+to
do
sth.
3)
动词+
疑问词+
名词+
to
do
sth.
4)
adj.
(sure/clear)+
疑问词+to
do
sth.
疑问词+不定式
I
don’t
know
what
to
say
next.我不知道接下来该说什么。
I
can’t
decide
which
to
take.我不能决定该拿哪一个。
Please
tell
me
how
to
get
there.请告诉我怎样到那儿。
Are
you
clear
how
to
get
there?你清楚如何到那里吗？
e.g.
Summary
2.“疑问词+动词不定式”
结构在句子中还可以做主语和表语。
1)
_________________
(如何处理
)
the
waste
is
still
a
hard
problem.
2)
The
problem
is
______________
(何时离开)the
place.
3.
“疑问词+动词不定式”
结构可以改写成由该疑问词引
导的从句。
e.g.
I
don’t
know
what
to
do.(该做什么)
=
I
do
not
know
what
I
should
do.
注意：所有疑问句中,只有why不可以与动词不定式连用。
What
to
do
with
when
to
leave
(1)
He
did
not
know
where
he
could
find
other
people.
=
_______________
(2)He
wondered
who
he
could
ask
for
help.
=
_____________________
(3He
did
not
know
how
he
could
break
the
ropes.
=
______________
(4)
He
found
out
what
he
could
do
with
the
tiny
man.
=
______________
(5)
He
decided
when
he
should
leave
Lilliput.
=
_____________
(6)
I
don’t
know_________________________________.
(怎么办)
=_________________________
where
to
find
同义句转换
who
to
ask
for
how
to
break
what
to
do
when
to
leave
what
to
do
/
how
to
do
it
what
I
should
do
/how
I
should
do
it
Practice
Amy
and
Daniel
are
talking
about
their
Reading
plete
their
conversation.
Use
the
correct
question
words
and
to-infinitives.
Amy:
Mr
Wu
has
recommended
so
many
interesting
books.
Have
you
decided
(1)
____________
first,
Daniel?
Daniel:
Yes.
I
want
to
read
Black
Beauty
first.
But
I
don’t
know
(2)
___________
the
book.
how,
what,
ask
for,
find,
when,
where,
hand
in,
read,
which,
who,
speak,
travel,
write
about
which
to
read
where
to
find
Amy:
You
can
try
our
school
library
or
Sunshine
Library.
Oh,
did
you
know
Peter
is
reading
Around
the
World
in
Eighty
Days?
He
wants
to
find
out
(3)
___________
around
the
world
in
such
a
short
time.
Daniel:
Wow,
that’s
amazing!
By
the
way,
can
you
tell
me
(4)______________
our
book
report?
how
to
travel
when
to
hand
in
Amy:
Before
next
Friday.
I’m
still
not
sure
(5)
_________________
in
the
report.
Daniel:
You
can
write
anything
about
your
book
–
what
the
book
is
about,
what
you
think
of
it
and
so
on.
You
should
read
some
reviews
about
the
book
before
writing.
what
to
write
about
Amy:
Thank
you.
Anyway,
I
know
(6)
_____________
help
with
writing.
Mr
Wu
is
always
there
to
help
us.
who
to
ask
for
how,
what,
ask
for,
find,
when,
where,
hand
in,
read,
which,
who,
speak,
travel,
write
about
Library
Rules
1.
I
must
keep
quiet
in
the
library.
2.
I
want
to
keep
the
book
longer,
but
I
have
to
return
the
book
on
time.
must
表示主语“必须”做某事，强调说话人的主观意愿。
have?to?强调的是客观需要，意思是“不得不,得做某事”。
have?to
有人称和数的变化:has
to,
had
to,
will
have
to
People
mustn’t
smoke
in
the
library.
mustn’t(禁止)
Do
people
have
to
pay
for
the
book
in
the
library?
No,
they
don’t
have
to
pay
for
the
book
in
the
library.
don’t
have
to（不必做某事）
Let’s
work
out
the
rules!
1.必须做某事（主观意愿）
禁止做某事
2.不得不做某事（客观需要）
不必做某事
must
do
sth.
mustn’t
do
sth.
have
to
do
sth.
don’t
have
to
do
sth.
mustn’t
must
用
must，mustn’t,
have
to,
don’t
have
to的适当形式填空
People
_________
go
across
the
road
when
the
traffic
light
is
red.
People
________
wait
for
the
green
traffic
lights.
Her
mother
____________
look
after
her
at
home
because
she
is
ill.
She
_______________
have
lessons
at
school.
has
to
doesn’t
have
to
主观意愿
客观需要
Amy
is
telling
her
cousin
Shirley
some
library
plete
what
she
says
with
must,
must
not,
have
to
or
don’t
have
to.
You
(1)
_____
keep
quiet
in
the
library.
You
(2)
_____
keep
the
books
clean
and
tidy.
You
(3)
_______
draw
or
write
on
the
books
.
must
must
mustn’t
You
(4)
_______
eat
or
drink
in
the
library.
You
(5)
_____
return
the
books
on
time.
If
you
want
to
keep
them
longer,
you
(6)
______
renew
them.
You
(7)
____________
bring
your
student
card
every
time
you
go
to
the
library,
but
remember
to
bring
your
library
card.
mustn’t
must
have
to
do
not
have
to
Must
I
keep
the
book
clean
and
tidy?
Must
I
bring
my
ID
card(身份证)
when
I
come
here?
No,
you
needn’t.
No,
you
don’t
have
to.
Yes,
you
must.
must用在一般疑问句中，肯定回答用______，否定回答用_______
或
______________.
must
needn’t
don’thave
to
拓展
注意：must
还可以表示肯定猜测，意思是
“一定”
。表示否定的猜测用can’t。
e.g.
You
must
be
hungry
after
all
that
walking.
走了那么远的路，你一定饿了吧。
That
can’t
be
Lucy.
She
has
gone
to
America.
那肯定不是Lucy，她已经去了美国。
用Wh-word
填空
1.They
know
___________
to
meet
at
8:00
tomorrow.
(
where,
when)
2.Can
you
tell
us
_________
to
talk
to?
(who,
where)
3.Do
you
know
_________to
fix
the
computer?
(who,
how)
where
who
how
课
堂
达
标
Group
competition
1.
Sandy
wants
to
know
where
__________
(ask)
for
advice.
2.
My
question
is
when_______________(start).
3.
Could
you
tell
me
which____________
(do)
first,
my
homework
or
my
favourite
hobby?
to
ask
to
start
to
do
用动词的适当形式填空
汉译英
1.
Jim还没有决定向谁请求帮助。
2.
他们忘了应当什么时间交作业。
Jim
hasn’t
decided
____________________.
They
forgot
__________________the
homework.
who
to
ask
for
help
when
to
hand
in
3.我必须努力学习。
?????
4.她得照看她妈妈，因为她妈妈病了。
5.你一定不要在书上画画或者写字。
I
must
study
hard.
She?has?to?look?after?her
mother?,
because?her
mother?is?ill.?
You
mustn’t
draw
or
write
in
the
book.
-Must
I
return
the
book
today?
-No,
you
_____.
A.
don’t
B.
can’t
C.
mustn’t
D.
don’t
have
to
选择正确答案
2.
Students
in
our
school
______
know
shouting
is
not
allowed(允许)
in
the
library.
A.
can
B.
may
C.
must
D.
need
1.
Remember
the
grammar
rules
in
this
lesson.
2.
Finish
the
exercise
in
the
workbook.
Homework
谢谢
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