中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit
7 International
charities
Grammar
设计说明
首先呈现几张弱势群体的图片，让学生思考如何给予他们帮助。接下来通过Reading部分的几个被动语态的句子引出一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态结构;
继而讲解被动语态的用法，让学生对被动语态有明确的认识。接下来讲解主动语态与被动语态之间的转换，通过课本上的一些练习让学生进行巩固。用一些图片创设情境来巩固这两种时态的被动语态，最后设置一部分当堂练习对本课节内容进行检测。
教学目标
通过本课节的教学，让学生达成以下目标：
1.知识目标
掌握词汇：hold,
set,
hand
out,
set
up
2.能力目标
(1)了解使用被动语态的语境;
(2)掌握并能正确运用被动语态的一般现在时和一般过去时;
(3)熟悉并能运用引出动作执行者的单词by。
3.情感目标
培养学生的社会责任感，让学生积极参加社会公益慈善活动，把助人为乐作为自己人生重要的一部分。
重点难点
1.重点：掌握并能正确运用被动语态的一般现在时和一般过去时;
熟悉并运用引出动作执行者的单词by。
2.难点：了解使用被动语态的语境。
教学准备
PPT
课件；相关图片。
授课时数
1课时
教学过程
Step
1
Lead-in
1.
Show
some
pictures
about
blind,
homeless,
poor,
elderly
people
and
ask.
blind
homeless
poor
elderly
How
can
we
help
these
people
in
our
daily
lives?
We
can
save
our
pocket
money
and
donate
it
to
them.
We
can
give
food
to
homeless
people.
We
can
give
our
seats
on
the
bus
to
the
elderly.
Step
2
Presentation
1.
Teach
some
new
words.
hand
out
the
leaflet
hand
out分发,
提出
leaflet
n.
传单,
散页印刷品
hold
v.
举行
set
v.
创建，建立
set
up
建起，设立
including
prep.
包括
2.
Show
some
pictures
and
sentences
that
include
Passive
Voice.
What
is
this
charity
called
in
English?
It
is
called
ORBIS.
What
is
the
plane
used
as?
It
is
used
as
a
hospital.
It
is
also
used
as
a
training
centre.
How
many
patients
were
operated
on
during
Dr
Ma’s
last
visit?
During
his
last
visit,
150
patients
were
operated
on.
Where
do
ORBIS
doctors
do
operations?
ORBIS
doctors
do
operations
on
the
plane.
奥比斯医生在飞机上动手术。
do
→
active
voice
主动语态
What
is
needed
by
ORBIS
to
help
blind
people?
More
money
is
needed
by
ORBIS
to
help
blind
people.
奥比斯需要更多的钱来帮助盲人。
is
needed
→
passive
voice
被动语态
3.
Exercises.
判断：主动语态(
A
)
/被动语态(
B
);
被动语态要写出动词部分。
(1)
Millie
and
Amy
took
the
little
cat
to
the
animal
center
yesterday.
(2)
The
79-year-old
man
was
saved
out
of
a
fire
last
year.
(3)
This
kind
of
cake
is
called
mooncake.
(4)
People
use
a
keyboard
to
type
information
into
the
computer.
(5)
The
windows
in
our
classroom
are
cleaned
once
a
week.
Answers:
(1)
A
(2)
B
was
saved
(3)
B
is
called
(4)
A
(5)
B
are
cleaned
Step
3
Analysis
1.
The
usage
of
Passive
Voice.
(1)
动作的执行者是泛指或者不言自明时。
None
of
the
books
was
taken
away.
没有一本书被拿走。
(2)
在不知道动作的执行者是谁时。
The
toy
is
designed
for
children.
这款玩具是为孩子们设计的。
(3)
需要强调动作的承受者时。
My
bike
was
repaired.
我的自行车修好了。
(4)
出于委婉或礼貌而避开谈论动作的执行者时。
The
problem
was
talked
about
just
now.
这个问题刚才被讨论过。
(5)
在被动语态的句子中,
如果我们需要指出动作的执行者,
可以由by引出。
Mr
Wu
is
liked
by
all
of
students.
所有的学生都喜欢吴老师。
歌诀：谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没必要。
注意：有些动词常用于被动语态。看以下例句:
He
was
born
in
Nanjing.
他出生于南京。
The
mobile
phone
was
made
in
China.
这部手机是中国制造的。
Conclusion:
被动语态的构成：be
+v(pp)
一般现在时——am／is／are
+
v(pp)
一般过去时——
was／were
+v(pp)
2.
Show
some
pictures
and
do
some
exercises.
use
every
day
often
play
The
computer
is
used
every
day.
Football
is
often
played.
plant
every
year
clean
every
day
The
trees
are
planted
every
year.
The
blackboard
is
cleaned
every
day.
build
last
year
catch
yesterday
The
tall
buildings
were
built
last
year.
The
thief
was
caught
by
the
police
yesterday.
3.
Match
and
say:
(1)
More
money
(2)
This
charity
(3)
Medicine
(4)
Many
local
doctors
(5)
This
place
A.
(send)
to
poor
areas
every
month
B.
(use)
as
a
training
centre
C.
(call)
UNICEF
D.
(donate)
to
build
this
hospital
last
week
E.
(invite)
to
this
talk
yesterday
Answers:
(1)-
D
(2)-
C
(3)-
A
(4)-
E
(5)-
B
(1)
More
money
was
donated
to
build
this
hospital
last
week.
(2)
This
charity
is
called
UNICEF.
(3)
Medicine
is
sent
to
poor
areas
every
month.
(4)
Many
local
doctors
were
invited
to
this
talk
yesterday.
(5)
This
place
is
used
as
a
training
centre.
Step
4
Presentation
1.
Change
the
active
voice
into
passive
voice.
We
plant
trees.
主动语态
Trees
are
planted
by
us.
被动语态
They
built
a
new
bridge.
主动语态
A
new
bridge
was
built
by
them.
被动语态
2.
Summary.
主动语态变被动语态的口诀
宾变主，主变宾，by短语后面跟。
谓语动词变被动，be后“过分”来使用。
“用”要随着主语变，人称时态要弄准。
3.
Practice.
把主动语态变为被动语态：
(1)
People
grow
rice
in
many
parts
of
China.
(2)
She
held
a
charity
show
yesterday.
(3)
People
usually
send
Christmas
cards
in
December.
(4)
We
bought
some
computers
last
week.
Answers:
(1)
Rice
is
grown
by
people
in
many
parts
of
China.
(2)
A
charity
show
was
held
by
her
yesterday.
(3)
Christmas
cards
are
usually
sent
by
people
in
December.
(4)
Some
computers
were
bought
by
us
last
week.
4.
Do
the
exercises
in
Part
A
on
Page
99.
Then
check
the
answers.
What
they
do
every
year
(1)
Charity
activities
________________________
(plan/to
help
the
poor).
(2)
Leaflets
________________________
(hand
out/to
people
in
the
street/
volunteers).
(3)
Toys
and
CDs
________________________
(sell/to
raise
money).
What
they
did
last
week
(4)
New
books
________________________
(send/to
children
in
poor
areas/
the
Class
1,
Grade
8
students).
(5)
Warm
clothes
________________________
(collect/for
poor
people).
(6)
A
charity
show
________________________
(hold/the
Students’
Union).
Answers:
(1)
Charity
activities
are
planned
to
help
the
poor.
(2)
Leaflets
are
handed
out
to
people
in
the
street
by
volunteers.
(3)
Toys
and
CDs
are
sold
to
raise
money.
(4)
New
books
were
sent
to
children
in
poor
areas
by
the
Class
1,
Grade
8
students.
(5)
Warm
clothes
were
collected
for
poor
people.
(6)
A
charity
show
was
held
by
the
Students’
Union.
4.
Part
B:
Amy
and
Daniel
are
talking
about
plete
their
conversation
with
the
words
in
brackets
using
the
passive
voice.
Amy:
I’m
reading
a
book
about
Oxfam.
Daniel:
Really?
Please
tell
me
about
it.
Amy:
OK.
Oxfam
1
(set
up)
in
the
UK
in
1942,
and
the
first
Oxfam
shop
2
(open)
in
1948.
Now
it
has
about
15,000
shops
all
over
the
world.
A
lot
of
things
3
(sell)
in
Oxfam
shops,
including
books.
The
money
4
(use)
by
Oxfam
to
help
poor
people.
Daniel:
That’s
good.
There
are
also
some
charity
projects
in
China.
One
of
them
5
(call)
Project
Hope.
It
6
(start)
in
1989.
With
its
help,
millions
of
poor
children
all
over
the
country
7
(give)
basic
education.
Amy:
Yes.
Many
schools
8
(build)
in
poor
areas
each
year.
Answers：1
was
set
up
2
was
opened
3
are
sold
4
is
used
5
is
called
6
was
started
7
were
given
8
are
built
Step
5
Extension
1.
Fill
in
the
blanks.
Oxfam
is
an
organization.
It
helps
p________
people
around
the
world.
Oxfam
was
set
u________
in
the
UK
in
1942
and
the
first
Oxfam
shop
was
o________
in
1948.
Now
the
n________
of
the
Oxfam
shops
in
the
world
is
about
15,000.
Oxfam
shops
sell
a
lot
of
t________
including
books.
Oxfam
u________
money
to
help
poor
people.
There
are
also
some
charity
projects
in
China.
For
e________,
Project
Hope
was
started
in
1989.
B________
of
its
help,
Project
Hope
provides
b________
education
for
poor
children
all
over
the
country.
Every
year,
Project
Hope
helps
build
many
s________.
Answers:
poor,
up,
opened,
number,
things,
uses,
example,
Because,
basic,
schools
2.
Analysis.
(1)句子的主语和宾语由名词充当，注意单数和复数。
(2)句子的谓语由动词充当，注意语态和时态。
(3)句子的定语通常由形容词充当，注意比较等级。
(4)注意固定词组积累。
3.
Make
sentences
using
the
passive
voice
according
to
the
given
pictures.
(1)
Every
year,
a
charity
show…
hand
out
leaflets
sell
old
books
Project
Hope
(2)
Last
week,
a
charity
show…
collect
clothes
send
new
books
poor
area
4.
Work
out
the
rules.
A.一般现在时的被动语态是由
“am/is/are
+
v(pp)
”
构成。
一般过去时的被动语态是由
“was/were
+
v(pp)
”
构成。
B.把主动语态变成被动语态的方法：
(1)
把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
(2)
把谓语变成被动结构。
(3)
把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。
Step
6
Homework
1.
Suppose
you
are
a
volunteer
of
the
Home
for
the
elderly
(敬老院),
try
to
make
five
sentences
using
passive
voice
to
ask
your
friends
to
help
the
elderly.
2.
Finish
off
the
exercises
on
the
exercise
books.
当堂达标
Ⅰ.
用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.
English
________________(speak)
by
many
people.
2.
The
trees
________________
(plant)
by
them
last
year.
3.
That
building
________________
(build)
two
years
ago.
4.
This
kind
of
computer
________________
(make)
in
China.
5.
The
games
________________
(sell)
in
many
shops.
6.
________________
your
room
________________
(clean)
every
day?
7.
Our
classroom
________________
(
not
clean)
yesterday.
8.
Both
of
the
two
books
________________
(
give)
to
Lucy
last
Sunday.
9.
The
students
________________
(
ask
)
to
hand
in
their
homework
on
time
every
day.
10.
—When________________
this
kind
of
computer
________________
(make)
in
Hong
Kong?
—In
2000.
Ⅱ.
翻译
1.
他的眼睛几个月前被治愈了。
______________________________________________________________
2.
每年在山上种许多树。
______________________________________________________________
3.
许多人被邀请参加这次慈善活动。
______________________________________________________________
4.
需要更多的钱来支持这项工作。
______________________________________________________________
5.
在他们的帮助下，这家公司于上周成立了。
______________________________________________________________
Answers：Ⅰ.1.
is
spoken
2.
were
planted 3.
was
built
4.
is
made
5.
are
sold
6.
Is,
cleaned 7.
wasn’t
cleaned
8.
were
given
9.
are
asked
10.
was,
made
Ⅱ.
1.
His
eyes
were
cured
several
months
ago.
2.
Many
trees
are
planted
on
the
hill
every
year.
3.
Many
people
are
invited
to
take
part
in
this
charity.
4.
More
money
is
needed
to
support
the
work.
5.
With
their
help,
this
company
was
set
up
last
week.
板书设计
Unit
7 International
charities
GrammarNew
words:
hold
set
Phrases:
hand
out
set
up被动语态：1.动作的执行者是泛指或者不言自明时。
2.在不知道动作的执行者是谁时。
3.需要强调动作的承受者时。
4.出于委婉或礼貌而避开谈论动作的执行者时。
5.在被动语态的句子中,
如果我们需要指出动作的执行者,
可以由by引出。
一般现在时：am/is/are
+
v
(pp)
一般过去时：was/were
+
v
(pp)
教学反思
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)(共45张PPT)
Unit
7
International
charities
Grammar
2021年春牛津译林版英语八年级下册精品课件
学
习
目
标
掌握本课节新单词及短语：hold,
set,
hand
out,
set
up
1
3
掌握并能正确运用被动语态的一般现在时和一般过去时。
了解使用被动语态的语境。
2
熟悉并能运用引出动作执行者的单词by。
4
poor
blind
elderly
homeless
课
堂
导
入
How
can
we
help
these
people
in
our
daily
lives?
We
can
save
our
pocket
money
and
donate
it
to
them.
We
can
give
food
to
homeless
people.
We
can
give
our
seats
on
the
bus
to
the
elderly.
n.
传单,
散页印刷品
hand
out
the
leaflet
分发,
提出
课
堂
学
习
set
up
建起，设立
Sansha
City
was
set
up
on
June
21st,
2012.
New
words:
leaflet
n.
传单，散页印刷品
hand
out
分发，提出
hold
v.
举行
set
v.
创建，建立
set
up
建起，设立
including
prep.
包括
What
is
this
charity
called
in
English?
It
is
called
ORBIS.
What
is
the
plane
used
as?
It
is
used
as
a
hospital.
It
is
also
used
as
a
training
centre.
How
many
patients
were
operated
on
during
Dr
Ma’s
last
visit?
During
his
last
visit,
150
patients
were
operated
on.
Where
do
ORBIS
doctors
do
operations?
ORBIS
doctors
do
operations
on
the
plane.
奥比斯医生在飞机上动手术。
do
active
voice
主动语态
What
is
needed
by
ORBIS
to
help
blind
people?
More
money
is
needed
by
ORBIS
to
help
blind
people.
奥比斯需要更多的钱来帮助盲人。
is
needed
passive
voice
被动语态
判断：主动语
态
(
A
)/被动语态(
B
);被动语态要划出动词部分．
1）Millie
and
Amy
took
the
little
cat
to
the
animal
center
yesterday.
2）The
79-year-old
man
was
saved
out
of
a
fire
last
year.
3）This
kind
of
cake
is
called
mooncake.
4）People
use
a
keyboard
to
type
information
into
the
computer.
5）The
windows
in
our
classroom
are
cleaned
once
a
week.
A
A
B
B
B
None
of
the
books
was
taken
away.
没有一本书被拿走。
动作的执行者是泛指或者不言自明时。
被动语态的基本用法
The
toy
is
designed
for
children.
这款玩具是为孩子们设计的。
在不知道动作的执行者是谁时。
需要强调动作的承受者时。
My
bike
was
repaired.
我的自行车修好了。
The
problem
was
talked
about
just
now.
这个问题刚才被讨论过。
出于委婉或礼貌而避谈动作的执行者时。
Mr
Wu
is
liked
by
all
of
his
students.
所有的学生都喜欢吴老师。
在被动语态的句子中,
如果我们需要指出动作的执行者,
可以由by引出。
有些动词常用于被动语态。看以下例句
He
was
born
in
Nanjing.
他生于南京。
The
mobile
phone
was
made
in
China.
这部手机是中国制造的。
注意:
歌诀：谁做的动作不知道，
说出谁做的没必要。
Conclusion:
被动语态的构成：be
+v(p.p.)
一般现在时——
一般过去时——
am／is
／
are
+
v(p.p.)
was／were
+v(p.p.)
is
used
every
day.
use
every
day
The
computer
play
often
Football
is
often
played.
plant
every
year
are
planted
every
year.
The
trees
clean
every
day
The
blackboard
is
cleaned
every
day.
buildings,
build,
last
year
the
thief,
catch,
yesterday
The
thief
was
caught
by
the
police
yesterday.
The
tall
buildings
were
built
last
year.
Match
and
say:
A.
(send)
to
poor
areas
every
month.
B.
(use)
as
a
training
centre.
C.
(call)
UNICEF.
D.
(donate)
to
build
this
hospital
last
week.
E.
(invite)
to
this
talk
yesterday.
1.More
money
2
This
charity
3
Medicine
4
Many
local
doctors
5.This
place
was
donated
is
called
is
sent
were
invited
is
used
Tree
Planting
Day
on
March
12th
We
plant
trees.
(主动语态）
Trees
are
planted
by
us.
（被动语态）
They
built
a
new
bridge.
(主动语态）
（被动语态）
A
new
bridge
was
built
by
them.
主动语态变被动语态的口诀
宾变主，主变宾，by短语后面跟。
谓语动词变被动，be后“过分”来使用。
“be”要随着主语变，人称时态要弄准。
把主动语态变为被动语态：
1.People
grow
rice
in
many
parts
of
China.
2.
She
held
a
charity
show
yesterday.
Rice
is
grown
by
people
in
many
parts
of
China.
A
charity
show
was
held
by
her
yesterday.
3.People
usually
send
Christmas
cards
in
December.
4.
We
bought
some
computers
last
week.
Christmas
cards
are
usually
sent
by
people
in
December.
Some
computers
were
bought
by
us
last
week.
are
planned
to
help
the
poor
What
they
do
every
year
1.
Charity
activities
_________________________
(plan/to
help
the
poor).
are
handed
out
to
people
Leaflets
_______________________
___________________________
(hand
out/to
people
in
the
street/
volunteers).
in
the
street
by
volunteers
Toys
and
CDs
_____________________
(sell/to
raise
money).
are
sold
to
raise
money
What
they
did
last
week
New
books
_________________________
_________________________________
(send/to
children
in
poor
areas/the
Class
1,
Grade
8
students).
were
sent
to
children
in
poor
areas
by
the
Class
1,
Grade
8
students
Warm
clothes
__________________________
(collect/for
poor
people).
were
collected
for
poor
people
A
charity
show
_____________________________
(hold/the
Students’
Union).
was
held
by
the
Students’
Union
Amy
and
Daniel
are
talking
about
plete
their
conversation
with
the
words
in
brackets
using
the
passive
voice.
Amy:
I’m
reading
a
book
about
Oxfam.
Daniel:
Really?
Please
tell
me
about
it.
Amy:
OK.
Oxfam
___________
(set
up)
in
the
UK
in
1942,
and
the
first
Oxfam
shop
__________
(open)
in
1948.
Now
it
has
about
15,000
shops
all
over
the
world.
A
lot
of
things
_________
(sell)
in
Oxfam
shops,
including
books.
The
money
_______
(use)
by
Oxfam
to
help
poor
people.
was
set
up
was
opened
are
sold
is
used
Daniel:
That’s
good.
There
are
also
some
charity
projects
in
China.
One
of
them
________
(call)
Project
Hope.
It
__________
(start)
in
1989.
With
its
help,
millions
of
poor
children
all
over
the
country
__________
(give)
basic
education.
is
called
was
started
are
given
Amy:
Yes.
Many
schools
__________
(build)
in
poor
areas
each
year.
are
built
短文缺词填空:
Oxfam
is
an
organization.
It
helps
p______
people
around
the
world.
Oxfam
was
set
u___
in
the
UK
in
1942
and
the
first
Oxfam
shop
was
o_______
in
1948.
Now
the
n_______
of
the
Oxfam
shops
in
the
world
is
about
15,000.
Oxfam
shops
sell
a
lot
of
t_______
including
books.
Oxfam
u_____
money
t`o
help
poor
people.
There
are
also
some
charity
projects
in
China.
For
e_______,
Project
Hope
was
started
in
1989.
B_______
of
its
help,
Project
Hope
provides
b_______
education
for
poor
children
all
over
the
country.
Every
year,
Project
Hope
help
build
many
s_____________.
中考链接：
答题技巧分析
oor
p
pened
umber
hings
ses
xample
ecause
asic
chools
句子的谓语由动词充当，注意语态和时态。
句子的主语和宾语由名词充当，注意单数和复数
句子的定语通常由形容词充当，注意比较等级
注意固定词组积累
1.Every
year
,
a
charity
show…
2.
Last
week,
a
charity
show…
用被动语态看图说话：
sell
old
books
hand
out
leaflets
collect
clothes
send
new
books
poor
area
Project
Hope
A.一般现在时的被动语态是由
am/is/are
+
v(pp)
构成。
一般过去时的被动语态是由
was/were
+
v(pp)
构成。
B.把主动语态变成被动语态的方法：
1.把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
2.把谓语变成被动结构。
3.把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。
I.
用所给词的适当形式填空:
English
____________(speak)
by
many
people.
The
trees
_______________(plant)
by
them
last
year.
That
building
_________(build)
two
years
ago.
This
kind
of
computer
________(make)
in
China.
The
games
__________(sell)
in
may
shops.
is
spoken
were
planted
was
built
is
made
are
sold
课
堂
达
标
6.
your
room
________
(clean)
every
day?
7.
Our
classroom
__________
(
not
clean
)
yesterday.
Both
of
the
two
books
__________
(give)
to
Lucy
last
Sunday.
The
students
___________
(
ask
)
to
hand
in
their
homework
on
time
every
day.
10.
---When
this
kind
of
computer
(make)
in
Hong
Kong?
---
In
2000.
Is
cleaned
wasn’t
cleaned
were
given
are
asked
was
made
1.他的眼睛几个月前被治愈了。
2.每年在山上种许多树。
3.许多人被邀请参加这次慈善活动。
4.需要更多的钱来支持这项工作。
5.在他们的帮助下，这家公司于上周成立了。
II.
翻译句子:
His
eyes
were
cured
several
months
ago.
Many
trees
are
planted
on
the
hill
every
year.
Many
people
are
invited
to
take
part
in
this
charity.
More
money
is
needed
to
support
the
work.
With
their
help,
this
company
was
set
up
last
week.
1.Remember
the
new
words
and
phrases
.
2.Finish
the
exercises
on
the
students’
books.
Homework
谢谢
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