Unit
2
Bridging
Cultures
课时素养检测
八 Unit
2 Period
4
Ⅰ.
阅读理解
This
year
over
twenty-three
hundred
teenagers
(young
people
aged
from
13～19)
from
all
over
the
world
will
spend
about
ten
months
in
US
homes.
They
will
attend
US
schools,
meet
US
teenagers,
and
form
impressions
of
the
real
America.
At
the
same
time,
about
thirteen
hundred
American
teenagers
will
go
to
other
countries
to
learn
new
languages
and
gain
a
new
understanding
of
the
rest
of
the
world.
Here
is
a
two-way
student
exchange
in
action.
Fred,
nineteen,
spent
last
year
in
Germany
with
George’s
family.
In
turn,
George’s
son
Mike
spent
a
year
in
Fred’s
home
in
America.
Fred,
a
lively
young
man,
knew
little
German
when
he
arrived,
but
after
two
months’
study
the
language
began
to
come
to
him.
School
was
completely
different
from
what
he
had
expected—much
harder.
Students
rose
respectfully
when
the
teacher
entered
the
room.
They
took
fourteen
subjects
instead
of
the
six
that
were
usual
in
the
United
States.
There
were
almost
no
outside
activities.
Family
life,
too,
was
different.
The
father’s
word
was
law,
and
all
activities
were
around
the
family
rather
than
the
individual.
Fred
found
the
food
too
simple
at
first.
Also,
he
missed
having
a
car.
“Back
home,
you
pick
up
some
friends
in
a
car
and
go
out
and
have
a
good
time.
In
Germany,
you
walk,
but
you
soon
learn
to
like
it.
”
At
the
same
time,
in
America,
Mike,
a
friendly
German
boy,
was
also
forming
his
idea.
“I
suppose
I
should
criticize
American
schools,
”
he
said.
“It
is
far
too
easy
by
our
level.
But
I
have
to
say
that
I
like
it
very
much.
In
Germany
we
do
nothing
but
study.
Here
we
take
part
in
many
outside
activities.
I
think
that
maybe
your
schools
are
better
in
training
for
citizens.
There
ought
to
be
some
middle
ground
between
the
two.
”
【语篇概述】本文介绍了一个不同国家青少年参与的交换生活动。通过此活动交换生们可以感受到不同国家之间的文化差异。
1.
What’s
the
purpose
of
the
whole
exchange
program?
A.
To
help
teenagers
in
other
countries
know
the
real
America.
B.
To
send
students
in
America
to
travel
in
Germany.
C.
To
let
students
learn
something
about
other
countries.
D.
To
have
teenagers
learn
new
languages.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三句话“They
will
attend
US
schools.
.
.
American
teenagers
will
go
to
other
countries.
.
.
”说明这个计划是让学生们了解其他国家。
2.
What
is
particular
in
American
schools?
A.
There
is
some
middle
ground
between
the
two
teaching
buildings.
B.
There
are
a
lot
of
outside
activities.
C.
Students
usually
take
14
subjects
in
all.
D.
Students
go
outside
to
enjoy
themselves
in
a
car.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据文章最后一段倒数第三句“Here
we
take
part
in
many
outside
activities.
”可知,
在美国的学校里有很多的户外活动。
3.
What
did
Mike
think
after
experiencing
the
American
school
life?
A.
A
better
education
should
include
something
good
from
both
America
and
Germany.
B.
German
schools
trained
students
to
be
better
citizens.
C.
American
schools
were
not
as
good
as
German
schools.
D.
The
easy
life
in
American
schools
was
more
helpful
to
students.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“There
ought
to
be
some
middle
ground
between
the
two.
”可知,
他认为要从两种教育体系中找出好的方面,
并把二者结合在一起。
4.
What’s
Mike’s
attitude
towards
American
education?
A.
Praise.
B.
Regret.
C.
Ignore.
D.
Accuse
(谴责).
【解析】选D。观点态度题。根据最后一段中“It
is
far
too
easy
by
our
level.
”可推断,
他认为美国的教育太容易了,
故持谴责的态度。
Ⅱ.
阅读填句
More
than
the
challenge
of
fitting
into
a
new
culture,
there
are
many
benefits
that
a
student
can
get
with
an
exchange
program.
These
benefits
include:
Diverse
academic
opportunities.
It’s
not
actually
the
travel
that
students
would
love
to
study
abroad.
1
Instead,
it
will
be
an
offering
of
diverse
opportunities
for
the
student.
For
example,
the
student
will
be
able
to
experience
the
differences
of
teaching
methods,
educational
formats
and
academic
program
offerings.
?
2
Studying
in
another
country
opens
the
student
to
different
surroundings,
which
makes
the
student
know
about
the
country’s
customs,
people
and
regions,
Knowing
other
culture
also
teaches
the
student
how
to
be
open-minded.
?
Personality
development.
3
Thus,
the
student
needs
to
make
decisions
on
his
or
her
own
and
suffer
the
consequences
or
enjoy
the
fruits
of
that
decision.
With
this,
the
student
is
taught
how
real
life
is,
what
it
means
to
be
responsible,
and
how
being
resourceful
can
help
in
his
or
her
survival.
It’s
no
wonder
that
most
students
who
returned
after
the
exchange
program
were
seen
with
significant
improvement
on
their
personal
development.
4 ?
So,
why
not
let
your
child
have
the
benefits
of
a
student
exchange
program?
Exchange
programs
or
study-abroad
programs
are
great
investments
for
the
student.
5
Just
imagine,
by
transforming
students
in
a
foreign
country
the
society
is
starting
to
build
a
new
blood
of
more
mature
people
who
might
just
be
able
to
create
a
better
tomorrow
for
the
generations
to
come.
?
A.
Improved
protection
of
social
rights.
B.
Better
awareness
of
cultural
differences.
C.
More
importantly,
it
is
helpful
for
the
improvement
of
the
society.
D.
Most
of
them
are
more
confident
and
have
better
decision-making
skills.
E.
The
hosting
school
can
also
benefit
by
making
a
student’s
dream
come
true.
F.
Although
students
really
love
traveling,
studying
is
not
a
travel-fun
activity
at
all
times.
G.
Being
an
exchange
student
often
means
living
far
away
from
home
and
parental
guidance.
【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文,
主要介绍了学生从交换生项目中获得的好处。
1.
【解析】选F。根据空格前It’s
not
actually
the
travel
that
students
would
love
to
study
abroad.
可知学生出国留学不是旅游;
根据空格后面Instead,
it
will
be
an
offering
of
diverse
opportunities
for
the
student.
可知它将为学生提供各种机会。F项是承上启下的句子,
句意是“尽管学生真的喜欢旅游,
但是学习并不总是充满像旅游一样的快乐。”与上下文紧密衔接。
2.
【解析】选B。这是本段的主旨句。下文讲述的是在另一个国家学习可以使学生接触不同的环境,
了解不同的风俗习惯等。由此可知本段主旨是关于文化差异。
所以答案选B。
3.
【解析】选G。根据空格后Thus,
the
student
needs
to
make
decisions
on
his
or
her
own可知学生在国外凡事需要自己做决定。G项句意是“作为一名交换生要远离家乡和父母的指导”。与下文紧密衔接,
符合语境。
4.
【解析】选D。根据上文“大多数学生回国后在个人发展方面都有明显的进步”可知此处用D项“他们更有自信,
更有决策能力”承接上文,
符合语境。
5.
【解析】选C。根据上文Exchange
programs
or
study-abroad
programs
are
great
investments以及下文内容可知此处是递进关系。C项句意:
更重要的是,
对社会的发展也是有帮助的。符合语境。
Ⅲ.
完形填空
Most
people
who
travel
from
China
to
the
US
find
that
despite
having
studied
English
for
years
they
have
to
“relearn”
it
upon
arriving.
Words
that
we
learned
in
English
classes
are
not
1
the
same
way.
To
truly
be
part
of
the
“melting
pot”,
2
in
English
is
not
enough.
You
need
an
accent
to
stand
out.
When
I
first
came
to
the
US
for
graduate
school
I
was
a
3
foreigner.
I
felt
so
out
of
place
that
I
wanted
to
hide
everything
about
me
that
was
“ 4 ”.
?
To
talk
like
an
American
became
one
of
my
goals.
During
my
first
term
as
a
teaching
assistant
(TA),
my
students
complained
they
could
not
understand
me.
I
learned
later
from
a
study
that
this
complaint
was
5
among
the
US
students
with
an
international
TA.
It
is
called
the
“Oh,
no!
”
syndrome:
“Oh,
no!
Not
another
international
TA,
and
not
that
6
again!
”
So
I
imitated(模仿)the
way
native
speakers
talk
and,
over
time,
I
made
7
great
progress
that
American
friends
started
to
8
my
English
as
having
“almost
no
accent”.
I
took
this
as
a
sign
of
my
success.
Ever
since,
people
have
often
9
me
for
someone
from
many
10 :
the
Midwest,
the
West
Coast,
China,
Japan,
Republic
of
Korea.
Most
frequently,
people
think
I
am
from
California.
But
then
suddenly,
conformity(一致)was
no
longer
a
praise:
If
I
talk
like
an
American,
am
I
still
Chinese?
If
I
close
my
Chinese
accent
do
I
also
close
my
culture
identity?
Am
I
denying
my
past
by
being
11
into
a
new
culture?
Now
I
12
that
a
person’s
accent
is
a
permanent
record
of
their
past
cultural
experience
and
that
it
is
a
mark
of
one’s
exposure
to
diverse
cultures.
?
As
a
fourth-year
student
in
the
US,
I
am
no
longer
a
nervous
foreigner.
My
nervousness
has
been
13
by
a
desire
to
hold
on
to
my
cultural
14 .
Now
I
consciously
add
some
Chinese
“accent”
when
I
speak.
I
do
not
wish
to
speak
“ 15 ”
English
because
I
am
proud
of
who
I
am.
?
【语篇导读】本文讲述了作者初到美国时追求标准的英语口语,
但是后来意识到了母语口音的特殊意义,
所以作者改变初衷,
在讲英语时加入了一些母语口音,
以此表明自己的文化渊源。
1.
A.
put
B.
pronounced
C.
used
D.
understood
【解析】选B。上下文语境题。从本段后文accent(口音)一词的使用以及下文的描述可以看出,
作者是在讨论英语发音的问题。
2.
A.
fluency
B.
sense
C.
quality
D.
interest
【解析】选A。词义辨析题。根据You
need
an
accent
to
stand
out可知作者认为,
要成为the“melting
pot(熔炉)”的一部分,
一口流利的英语是不够的,
你还需要借助口音(accent)使自己脱颖而出。
3.
A.
nervous
B.
stupid
C.
strange
D.
curious
【解析】选A。上下文语境题。根据最后一段中的“I
am
no
longer
a
nervous
foreigner”来看,
作者初次到美国时的感觉应是“紧张”。
4.
A.
valuable
B.
different
C.
dangerous
D.
foolish
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。从作者设定的目标“To
talk
like
an
American”来看,
作者试图掩饰自己与别人不一样的地方。
5.
A.
interesting
B.
rare
C.
common
D.
special
【解析】选C。词义辨析题。从下文学生的抱怨“.
.
.
Not
another
international
TA.
.
.
”来看,
这种抱怨在由外籍助教教授的美国学生中是很普遍的。interesting“有趣的”;
rare“罕见的”;
common“普遍的”;
special“特殊的”。根据语境可知答案选C。
6.
A.
accent
B.
trouble
C.
Chinese
D.
English
【解析】选A。词汇复现题。从前文可知外籍助教由于受母语口音的影响,
在上课时会被美国学生抱怨。他们不愿再听到这样的口音。
7.
A.
so
B.
such
C.
much
D.
many
【解析】选B。固定搭配题。根据句中的that可排除C、D两项。
such.
.
.
that.
.
.
和so.
.
.
that.
.
.
均可表示“如此……以至于……”,
但用法不同。当被修饰的词是不可数名词时,
只能用“such+adj.
+不可数名词+that.
.
.
”结构。
8.
A.
praise
B.
encourage
C.
criticize
D.
teach
【解析】选A。上下文语境题。结合语境“我讲的英语’几乎没有了口音’”,
以及下文中的praise一词可知答案。
9.
A.
regarded
B.
mistaken
C.
treated
D.
thought
【解析】选B。固定搭配题。mistake.
.
.
for.
.
.
“把……误认为是……”。因为作者的英语口语中几乎没有了母语的口音,
所以误认为他是来自其他一些地方的人。
10.
A.
countries
B.
cities
C.
states
D.
places
【解析】选D。上下文语境题。下文所列举的不仅仅是一些国家的名字,
还包括一些地区,
所以应选择D。
11.
A.
related
B.
joined
C.
absorbed
D.
connected
【解析】选C。词义辨析题。句意:
我是不是通过被同化(absorb)到一种新文化中来否定自己的过去?
通过理解句意可排除其他选项。relate“与……相关”;
join“连接,
接合”;
connect“连接”。
12.
A.
doubt
B.
regret
C.
notice
D.
realize
【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。现在作者意识到了母语口音的特殊意义。doubt“怀疑”;
regret“后悔”;
notice“注意到”;
realize“意识到”。根据语境可确定答案选D。
13.
A.
changed
B.
dropped
C.
replaced
D.
taken
【解析】选C。上下文语境题。结合前后文理解,
作者初到美国时因母语口音造成的紧张感已经消失,
取而代之的是坚持自己文化渊源的渴望。be
replaced
by
“被……取代”。
14.
A.
origins
B.
beliefs
C.
knowledge
D.
understanding
【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。根据下文作者在说英语时有意识地加入一些汉语“口音”,
可推断作者以此来体现自己的文化渊源。
15.
A.
poor
B.
Chinese
C.
perfect
D.
British
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。作者初到美国时追求的是标准的英语口语,
但后来意识到母语口音的特殊意义,
于是作者不再追求标准的英语口语了。
Ⅳ.
语法填空
阅读下面短文,
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Most
people
when
visiting
England
will
go
to
London.
1.
fact,
most
people
don’t
even
know
much
about
England
outside
of
London.
However,
as
2.
northern
girl,
from
a
place
just
between
Manchester
and
Liverpool,
and
a
university
student
in
Sheffield,
I’d
say
the
north
is
well
worth
3.
(visit).
Here
are
five
reasons:
Friendliness:
Northerners
will
chat
to
you
on
the
bus,
say
hello
in
the
streets
and
won’t
think
you’re
crazy
if
you
smile
at
4.
(they)
when
you
walk
past.
5.
(friend)
northerners
might
also
call
you
“duck”
or
“love”
;
don’t
worry,
they
call
everyone
that.
Gravy(肉汁):
Although
southerners
have
gravy,
a
delicious
meaty
sauce
6.
goes
well
with
everything,
they
don’t
do
it
7.
(proper).
You
haven’t
lived
until
you’ve
tried
chip-shop
chips
swimming
in
gravy.
Beautiful
Countryside:
We
have
the
Peak
District,
and
the
Lake
District.
They’re
both
absolutely
beautiful.
We
also
have
some
pretty
amazing
8.
(beach)
too.
Excellent
Party
Cities:
We
have
Manchester,
Liverpool,
Newcastle,
Sheffield.
.
.
You
can’t
go
wrong
if
you
want
9.
(go)
on
a
night
out
here.
Cheap:
The
same
night
won’t
cost
you
anywhere
near
as
much
up
north!
For
some
reason,
everything
up
North
is
10.
(cheap)
than
that
in
London,
from
food
to
drink
to
getting
around.
There
are
lots
of
lovely
things
to
see
in
the
North,
so
if
you
can
brave
the
weather
being
a
bit
colder
and
wetter,
it’s
well
worth
a
trip.
【语篇概述】本文讲述了值得去英国北部旅游的几大理由。
1.
【解析】In。考查固定搭配。in
fact“事实上”。句意:
事实上,
大多数人除了伦敦对英国了解不多。
2.
【解析】a。考查冠词。此处表示“一名北方女孩”。
3.
【解析】visiting。考查固定结构。be
worth
doing“值得做……”。
4.
【解析】them。考查代词。根据前面的介词at可知此处用代词的宾格。
5.
【解析】Friendly。考查形容词。
空格后的northerners是名词,
所以前面用形容词修饰。friendly“友好的”。
6.
【解析】which/that。考查关系代词。设空处引导限制性定语从句,
修饰sauce,
且在从句中作主语,
故填which/that。
7.
【解析】properly。考查副词。此处修饰动词do,
所以用副词形式。
8.
【解析】beaches。考查名词单复数。beach是可数名词。根据前文的some可知此处用复数。
9.
【解析】to
go。考查动词不定式。want后接动词不定式作宾语。
10.
【解析】cheaper。考查形容词比较级。根据后面的than可知此处用比较级。
阅读理解
I
was
born
and
raised
in
England
in
a
culture
where
privacy
and“keeping
yourself
to
yourself”
were
valued
traditions.
Speaking
to
strangers
was
not
encouraged.
People
were
most
hospitable(好客的)
and
friendly—but
only
once
they
had
been
introduced
to
new
people.
However,
I
have
been
lucky
enough
to
spend
some
time
in
both
Italy
and
the
US,
where
I
found
traditions
of
hospitality
and
politeness
to
be
very
different.
I
experienced
Italian
hospitality
first-hand
on
a
crowded
railway
carriage
travelling,
one
afternoon,
from
Genoa
to
Florence.
Sinking
gratefully
into
an
empty
seat,
I
was
berated(斥责)
in
rapid
Italian
by
a
gentleman
who
was
returning
to
this
seat—it
had
not
been
“spare”
after
all.
I
apologized
in
English,
and
got
up
to
allow
him
back
into
the
seat.
The
gentleman
obviously
had
no
understanding
of
the
English
language,
but
he,
too,
realized
my
genuine
mistake.
He
smiled
and
gestured
for
me
to
remain
in
the
seat,
and
he
himself
remained
standing
in
the
corridor
for
the
remainder
of
the
journey.
The
other
occupants
of
the
carriage
smiled
and
nodded
at
me
and
made
me
feel
quite
welcome
among
them.
I
feel
that
if
this
had
been
in
England,
a
foreigner
who
made
a
mistake
would
not
always
be
so
kindly
treated.
Transport
also
featured
in
the
differences
I
noticed
between
English
and
American
culture.
I
flew
to
New
York
on
a
plane
with
mainly
English
passengers.
We
sat
together
in
near
silence.
Nobody
spoke
to
me
nor,
as
I
expected,
to
anyone
else
they
did
not
know.
They
felt
it
was
not
polite
to
intrude
on
someone
else’s
privacy.
However,
when
I
travelled
across
the
United
States,
whether
by
plane
or
Greyhound
bus,
I
was
never
short
of
conversation.
Conversation
was
going
on
all
around
me
and
whoever
sat
next
to
me
was
happy
to
introduce
themselves
and
ask
me
about
myself.
They
obviously
felt
it
would
have
been
rude
not
to
speak
to
another
person,
whether
they
were
strangers
or
not.
【语篇概述】作者通过自己的旅行经历说明了不同文化中人们对于“好客”和“礼貌”的表达方式不一样。
1.
What
do
we
know
about
the
occupants
of
the
carriage
when
the
author
was
travelling
in
Italy?
A.
They
all
laughed
at
the
author
for
his
mistake.
B.
They
were
all
on
the
side
of
the
gentleman.
C.
They
would
not
bear
a
mistake
like
the
author’s
in
public.
D.
They
all
showed
their
understanding
of
the
author’s
mistake.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据文中的“but
he,
too,
realized
my
genuine
mistake.
He
smiled.
.
.
The
other
occupants
of
the
carriage
smiled
and
nodded
at
me
and
made
me
feel
quite
welcome
among
them”可知,
车厢里其他的人都对作者点头微笑,
说明他们理解作者的错误。
2.
The
author
finally
believes
the
Italian
people
are________.
?
A.
cold
B.
rude
C.
hospitable
D.
helpful
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第三段第一句的“I
experienced
Italian
hospitality”以及本段内容可推知,
意大利人热情友好。
3.
According
to
the
last
paragraph,
English
passengers
sat
in
near
silence
because________.
?
A.
they
were
all
strangers
to
each
other
B.
they
were
too
tired
to
speak
C.
privacy
was
a
valued
tradition
in
England
D.
everybody
had
their
own
share
of
privacy
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“We
sat
together
in
near
silence.
Nobody
spoke
to
me
nor,
as
I
expected,
to
anyone
else
they
did
not
know.
They
felt
it
was
not
polite
to
intrude
on
someone
else’s
privacy”可知英国乘客几乎都不和陌生人说话,
因为他们国家的传统认为干涉别人的隐私是不礼貌的。
4.
The
purpose
of
the
author
is
to
tell
us
________.
?
A.
his
travelling
experience
B.
cultural
differences
to
show
hospitality
and
politeness
C.
the
culture
shock
he
experienced
in
Italy
and
the
US
D.
how
to
adapt
ourselves
to
a
new
culture
【解析】选B。主旨大意题。文章通过不同的情景对比,
告诉我们不同文化中人们对“好客”和“礼貌”的表达方式不一样。
PAGEUnit
2
Bridging
Cultures
课时素养达标
The
British
are
known
for
their
sense
of
humour.
However,
it
is
often
difficult
for
foreigners
to
understand
their
jokes.
The
main
point
to
remember
is
that
the
British
often
use
understatement.
Understatement
means
saying
less
than
you
think
or
feel.
For
example,
if
someone
gets
very
wet
in
a
shower
of
rain,
he
might
say,
“It’s
a
little
damp(潮湿的)
outside.
”
Or,
if
someone
is
very
impolite
and
shouts
at
another
person,
someone
else
might
say,
“She
isn’t
exactly
friendly.
”
Understatement
is
often
used
in
an
unpleasant
situation
or
to
make
another
person
look
silly.
Understatement
plays
an
important
part
in
British
humour.
Another
key
to
understanding
British
humour
is
that
the
British
like
to
make
fun
of
themselves
as
well
as
others.
They
often
laugh
about
the
silly
and
unpleasant
things
that
happen
in
our
everyday
life
when
someone
accidentally
falls
over
in
the
street.
They
also
like
to
make
jokes
on
people
from
different
classes
of
society.
They
like
to
make
jokes
about
their
accents,
the
way
they
dress
and
the
way
they
behave.
What’s
more,
the
British
love
to
watch
comedies
about
people
who
do
not
know
how
to
behave
in
society.
The
comedy
series
Mr
Bean
is
a
good
example
of
this
kind
of
humour.
Mr
Bean
is
the
character
created
by
British
actor
Rowan
Atkinson
in
1990.
Mr
Bean
doesn’t
talk
often,
and
instead
he
uses
his
body
movements
and
facial
expressions
to
make
people
laugh.
Perhaps
what
makes
Mr
Bean
so
funny
is
that
he
does
things
that
adults
in
the
real
world
cannot
do.
Mr
Bean
is
popular
in
many
countries
around
the
world
because
you
do
not
have
to
speak
English
to
understand
the
humour.
Because
of
this,
many
people
have
become
familiar
with
the
British
sense
of
humour.
【语篇概述】本文为说明文,
主要介绍了英国人幽默的主要特点是轻描淡写和喜欢开自己和他人的玩笑。
Ⅰ.
Read
the
passage
and
get
the
main
idea
of
the
text.
How
to
understand
British
humour.
?
Ⅱ.
Choose
the
best
answer.
1.
Why
is
it
difficult
for
foreigners
to
understand
British
jokes?
A.
The
British
often
stick
to
the
facts.
B.
British
jokes
are
involved
with
many
different
cultures.
C.
British
jokes
are
not
as
funny
as
jokes
in
other
countries.
D.
The
British
try
to
make
out
that
something
is
less
important
than
it
is.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段以及第二段可知,
英国幽默的主要特点就是对叙述的事情轻描淡写。
2.
The
author
explains
understatement
by________.
?
A.
describing
a
process
B.
making
comparisons
C.
following
time
order
D.
using
examples
【解析】选D。推理判断题。第二段所举的两个例子旨在说明英国人喜欢轻描淡写。
3.
How
does
Mr
Bean
make
people
laugh?
A.
By
using
his
body
movements
and
facial
expressions.
B.
By
making
jokes
about
others’
accents.
C.
By
copying
others’
behaviour.
D.
By
telling
funny
stories.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据最后一段“.
.
.
he
uses
his
body
movements
and
facial
expressions
to
make
people
laugh”可知选A项。
PAGEThe British are known for their sense of humour. However, it is often difficult for foreigners to understand their jokes. The main point to remember is that the British often use understatement.
Understatement means saying less than you think or feel. For example, if someone gets very wet in a shower of rain, he might say, “It’s a little damp(潮湿的) outside. ” Or, if someone is very impolite and shouts at another person, someone else might say, “She isn’t exactly friendly. ” Understatement is often used in an unpleasant situation or to make another person look silly. Understatement plays an important part in British humour.
Another key to understanding British humour is that the British like to make fun of themselves as well as others. They often laugh about the silly and unpleasant things that happen in our everyday life when someone accidentally falls over in the street. They also like to make jokes on people from different classes of society.Unit
2
Bridging
Cultures
课时素养达标
Ⅰ.
单句语法填空
1.
The
film,
which
is
an
adaptation
(adapt)
from
a
real
person,
is
very
popular
with
the
young
people.
2.
The
students
are
eager
to
know(know)
the
results
of
the
examination.
?
3.
He
is
looking
forward
to
participating
in
some
voluntary
labour
to
gain
some
social
experiences.
4.
I
was
involved
(involve)in
reading
so
I
didn’t
hear
your
knock
at
the
door.
?
5.
We
listened
eagerly
(eager),
for
he
brought
good
news
to
my
family.
6.
He
is
confident
and
considers
himself
qualified
(qualify)for
this
job.
7.
I
can’t
see
you
on
Monday
because
I
have
a
previous
engagement
(engage).
8.
It’s
very
comfortable
(comfort)
to
step
on
the
soft
grass.
Ⅱ.
选词填空
engage
in,
set
up,
be
familiar
with,
be
eager
to,
speak
up,
participate
in,
be
used
to,
be
involved
in
1.
In
order
to
draw
the
teacher’s
attention,
the
boy
was
eager
to
express
himself
in
English
class.
?
2.
One
of
the
best
theme
parks
you
are
familiar
with
is
Disneyland.
?
3.
He
has
been
living
in
the
south
for
five
years
and
has
been
used
to
the
soft
climate
there.
?
4.
Last
week
thousands
of
people
participated
in
the
opening
ceremony.
?
5.
One
of
the
best
ways
to
build
up
your
body
is
to
engage
in
some
sports
activities.
?
6.
Her
mother
wants
to
be
involved
in
every
area
of
her
life.
?
7.
Our
English
teacher
asked
the
shy
little
girl
to
speak
up.
?
8.
For
all
three
years
I
have
been
working
for
others.
I’m
hoping
I
will
set
up
my
own
business
someday.
?
Ⅲ.
汉译英
1.
我们迫切地想掌握新技能,
使自己能胜任各种行业的工作。
We’re
eager
for
new
skills
so
that
we
can
be
qualified
for
the
jobs
in
various
fields.
?
2.
你能告诉我如何解这道数学题吗?
Can
you
tell
me
how
to
solve
this
maths
problem?
?
3.
他太累了,
一闭上眼就睡着了。
He
was
so
tired
that
he
fell
asleep
the
moment
he
closed
his
eyes.
?
4.
我第一次看这部电影,
就喜欢上它了。
The
first
time
I
watched
the
film,
I
fell
in
love
with
it.
?
5.
除了学习英语,
我们还能体验很多课堂之外的东西。
As
well
as
learning
English,
we
can
experience
many
things
out
of
the
class.
?
6.
那是我爸爸第三次去美国。
It
was
the
third
time
that
my
father
had
been
to
America.
?
PAGEUnit
2
Bridging
Cultures
课时素养检测
六 Unit
2 Period
2
Ⅰ.
阅读理解
A
Meeting
people
from
another
culture
can
be
difficult.
From
the
beginning,
people
may
send
the
wrong
signal
(信号).
Or
they
may
pay
no
attention
to
signals
from
another
person
who
is
trying
to
develop
a
relationship.
Different
cultures
emphasize
(强调)
the
importance
of
relationship
building
to
a
greater
or
lesser
degree.
For
example,
business
in
some
countries
is
not
possible
until
there
is
a
relationship
of
trust.
Even
with
people
at
work,
it
is
necessary
to
spend
a
lot
of
time
in
“small
talk”,
usually
over
a
glass
of
tea,
before
they
do
any
job.
In
many
European
countries—like
the
UK
or
France—
people
find
it
easier
to
build
up
a
lasting
working
relationship
at
restaurants
or
cafes
rather
than
at
the
office.
Talk
and
silence
may
also
be
different
in
some
cultures.
I
once
made
a
speech
in
Thailand.
I
had
expected
my
speech
to
be
a
success
and
start
a
lively
discussion;
instead
there
was
an
uncomfortable
silence.
The
people
present
just
stared
at
me
and
smiled.
After
getting
to
know
their
ways
better,
I
realized
that
they
thought
I
was
talking
too
much.
In
my
own
culture,
we
express
meaning
mainly
through
words,
but
people
there
sometimes
feel
too
many
words
are
unnecessary.
Even
within
Northern
Europe,
cultural
differences
can
cause
serious
problems.
Certainly,
English
and
German
cultures
share
similar
values;
however,
Germans
prefer
to
get
down
to
business
more
quickly.
We
think
that
they
are
rude.
In
fact,
this
is
just
because
one
culture
starts
discussions
and
makes
decisions
more
quickly.
People
from
different
parts
of
the
world
have
different
values,
and
sometimes
these
values
are
quite
against
each
other.
However,
if
we
can
understand
them
better,
a
multicultural
environment
(多元文化环境)
will
offer
a
wonderful
chance
for
us
to
learn
from
each
other.
【语篇概述】本文主要讲述的是不同文化之间的差异问题,
并进行了举例说明。
1.
In
some
countries,
eating
together
at
restaurants
may
make
it
easier
for
people
to________.
?
A.
develop
closer
relations
B.
share
the
same
culture
C.
get
to
know
each
other
D.
keep
each
other
company
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“.
.
.
people
find
it
easier
to
build
up
a
lasting
working
relationship
at
restaurants
or
cafes
rather
than
at
the
office.
”可知在餐馆吃饭或在咖啡厅喝咖啡比在办公室更容易建立长久的工作关系。
2.
Why
does
the
author
mention
his
experience
in
Thailand?
A.
To
show
the
English
prefer
to
make
long
speeches.
B.
To
show
too
many
words
are
of
no
use.
C.
To
show
people
from
Thailand
are
quiet
and
shy
by
nature.
D.
To
show
even
talk
and
silence
can
be
culturally
different.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Talk
and
silence
may
also
be
different
in
some
cultures.
”可知谈话和沉默也有文化上的差异。
3.
According
to
the
text,
how
can
people
from
different
cultures
understand
each
other
better?
A.
By
sharing
different
ways
of
life.
B.
By
accepting
different
habits.
C.
By
recognizing
different
values.
D.
By
speaking
each
other’s
languages.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据文章最后一句However,
if
we
can
understand
them
better,
a
multicultural
environment
will
offer
a
wonderful
chance
for
us
to
learn
from
each
other.
可知多元文化环境使双方互相理解。
4.
What
would
be
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A.
Multicultural
Environment
B.
Cross-Cultural
Differences
C.
How
to
Understand
Each
Other
D.
How
to
Build
Up
a
Relationship
【解析】选B。标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了不同文化之间的差异,
并说明不同文化之间要加强理解和认识。
B
Kwanzaa(宽扎节)
is
a
cultural
holiday
that
celebrates
African
heritage
and
identity.
The
name
comes
from
a
Swahili
phrase,
of
which
the
meaning
is
“first
fruits”.
The
holiday
is
based
on
traditional
African
harvest
festivals.
Created
in
1966,
Kwanzaa
is
a
relatively
new
holiday.
It
is
practiced
by
Africans
of
all
religious
faiths.
Kwanzaa
is
observed
from
Dec.
26
to
Jan.
1,
which
lasts
for
seven
days
to
highlight
the
Seven
Principles
and
to
celebrate
family,
community
and
culture.
The
seven
days
correspond
to
the
Seven
Principles—Unity,
Purpose,
Faith,
Self-determination,
Collective
work
and
responsibility,
Cooperative
economics,
Creativity.
Seven
candles
are
lighted
during
Kwanzaa,
each
representing
one
of
the
Seven
Principles
and
seven
symbols
are
placed
around
the
home.
Each
family
celebrates
Kwanzaa
in
their
own
way,
but
celebrations
often
include
dances,
singing,
storytelling,
poetry
reading
and
a
large
traditional
meal.
Tafari
and
her
family
celebrate
Kwanzaa
by
decorating
their
home
with
crafts(工艺品)
made
by
her
children
and
by
laying
the
seven
symbols
on
their
table.
Each
night,
Tafari’s
family
gather
around
their
display,
pray,
light
the
candle
of
the
day
and
discuss
what
the
principles
of
Kwanzaa
mean
to
them,
how
they
have
demonstrated(展现)
the
principles
throughout
the
year
and
how
to
improve
in
the
following
year.
Afterwards,
they
enjoy
African
drumming,
dance,
tell
stories,
and
create
crafts.
Friends
are
often
invited
on
the
final
night
of
Kwanzaa
to
share
a
feast.
The
seven-day
celebration
offers
a
fun,
educational
and
authentic
experience
to
all
families.
【语篇概述】本文主要介绍了非洲的传统文化节日——宽扎节。
5.
Kwanzaa
originates
from
________.
?
A.
religious
beliefs
B.
harvest
festivals
C.
common
principles
D.
ancient
stories
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段The
holiday
is
based
on
traditional
African
harvest
festivals.
可知这个节日起源于一个丰收的节日。
6.
Why
does
the
writer
introduce
Tafari
and
her
family
in
the
passage?
A.
To
show
us
the
harmonious
relationship
of
Tafari’s
family.
B.
To
tell
us
Kwanzaa
should
be
celebrated
just
in
their
way.
C.
To
show
us
an
example
of
the
family
celebrations
of
Kwanzaa.
D.
To
show
us
the
great
importance
of
observing
Kwanzaa.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段的开头Each
family
celebrates
Kwanzaa
in
their
own
way和第四段的内容可知作者介绍Tafari
and
her
family是举例说明庆祝宽扎节的方式。
7.
Which
of
the
following
activities
may
offer
a
more
educational
experience?
A.
Eating
a
traditional
meal.
B.
Decorating
homes.
C.
Enjoying
drumming.
D.
Reading
poems.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第三段.
.
.
celebrations
often
include
dances,
singing,
storytelling,
poetry
reading
and
a
large
traditional
meal.
可推断,
更有教育意义的体验是朗读诗歌。
Ⅱ.
完形填空
Culture
shock
is
a
complex
topic,
but
I’m
a
simple
man
with
simple
perspectives.
So
my
experience
of
foreign
culture
boils
down
to
three
basic
stages:
anger,
acceptance
and
appreciation.
When
I
began
my
life
in
China,
I
was
often
filled
with
frustration
and
1
over
the
way
things
were.
Things
were
seen
as
clearly
“ 2 ”and
I
rejected
the
view
of
there
being
other
ways
of
doing
things.
Afterwards
I
came
to 3
different
ways
of
doing
things
but
still
saw
my
own
ways
as
superior.
My
views
were
still
heavily
coloured
by
4
and
I
often
accepted
situations
I
felt
5
by
simply
coining
the
phrase
“That’s
in
China.
”
6
China
was
a
backward
country
that
simply
didn’t
do
things
correctly.
Finally,
however,
I
came
to
understand
and
appreciate
the
new
7
and
ways
of
doing
things,
sometimes
using
them
as
effectively
as
the 8 .
For
example,
fish
is
never
9
with
the
head
in
my
country,
thus
my
feelings
went
from
“Ugh!
I
can’t
eat
this!
The
fish
is
10
at
me
saying,
’You’re
a
11
man.
’
Take
this
off
the
table,
”
to
“I’ll
let
my
friends
enjoy,
but
I’ll
just
stick
with
the
other
dishes,
”
and
to
“Would
anyone
mind
if
I
eat
the
eyeball?
”
?
It
is
not
the
same
with
every
westerner,
and
some
take
12
than
others
to
go
through
the
three
stages.
It
all
depends
on
how
13
you
are
and
how
tightly
you
14
to
your
own
culture.
It
took
over
a
year
of
living
in
China
before
I
finally
appreciate
the
new
culture.
Now,
I’m
more
15
in
China
than
in
my
own
country.
?
【语篇概述】本文作者通过描写自己对中国文化从气愤到欣赏的心路历程,
说明了一个人对外国文化的接受过程。
1.
A.
curiosity
B.
fear
C.
purpose
D.
anger
【解析】选D。词汇复现题。该段讲述的是作者初到中国时对中国文化所持有的态度。结合第一段中提到的三个基本阶段anger,
acceptance和appreciation可知作者目前是处于第一个阶段,
即anger。
2.
A.
wrong
B.
right
C.
wise
D.
smooth
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据下文“I
rejected
the
view
of
there
being
other
ways
of
doing
things”可知作者拒绝接受处理事情的其他的方式,
因为他认为其他方式都是错误的。因为错误,
所以拒绝。
3.
A.
find
B.
use
C.
accept
D.
refuse
【解析】选C。上下文语境题。根据下文中“I
often
accepted
situations.
.
.
”可知作者后来逐渐接受了一些中国文化。所以答案选C。
4.
A.
preferences
B.
references
C.
facts
D.
standards
【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。根据上下文可知作者对于某些文化现象的接受仍凭个人的喜好。preference“偏爱,
喜好”。
5.
A.
necessary
B.
important
C.
nervous
D.
stupid
【解析】选D。
逻辑推理题。作者觉得人们解释一些文化现象时仅仅说一句“这是在中国”的行为很愚蠢。
6.
A.
mentioning
B.
saying
C.
meaning
D.
referring
【解析】选C。词义辨析题。mention“提到,
提及”;
refer“指的是”。此处是解释上文的
“That’s
in
China.
”,
mean“意思是”,
符合语境。
7.
A.
character
B.
personality
C.
revolution
D.
culture
【解析】选D。词汇复现题。此处作者是讲述自己是如何接受中国文化的,
所以选D项。
8.
A.
locals
B.
foreigners
C.
researchers
D.
citizens
【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。根据作者的转变可推断他像当地人一样自如地运用中国人的处事方式。
9.
A.
bought
B.
sold
C.
served
D.
separated
【解析】选C。词义辨析题。句意:
在我的国家,
我们从来不吃鱼头。serve表示“端上(饭菜)”,
符合语境。
10.
A.
glancing
B.
laughing
C.
shouting
D.
staring
【解析】选D。词义辨析题。带头的鱼端上来以后,
他认为鱼在瞪着自己。glance
at“瞥了一眼”;
stare
at
“盯着,
瞪着”。根据句意选D。
11.
A.
kind
B.
cruel
C.
brave
D.
unique
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。根据语境推断当时作者认为,
在鱼看来自己就是一个残忍的人。所以选B。
12.
A.
more
B.
less
C.
further
D.
longer
【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。空格前的take表示“花费”,
根据语境可知,
对于西方人来说,
有的人需要花费更长的时间来接受一种新的文化。所以答案选D。
13.
A.
adaptable
B.
considerable
C.
dependable
D.
enjoyable
【解析】选A。词义辨析题。根据语境可知,
一个人对于一种新的文化的接受速度取决于其适应能力。adaptable“可适应的”;
considerable“相当多(大)的”;
dependable“可依靠的”;
enjoyable“愉快的,
快乐的”。根据句意答案选A。
14.
A.
get
B.
hold
C.
catch
D.
insist
【解析】选B。背景常识题。按常理说对本国文化的固守程度会影响对新的文化的理解和接受。hold指“持有;
保持”。本题易错选D项,
insist表示“坚持”时应搭配介词on。
15.
A.
anxious
B.
welcomed
C.
comfortable
D.
miserable
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。随着对中国文化的接受和欣赏,
作者内心也发生了很大的变化。现在作者感到在中国比在自己的国家还要舒服。
语法填空
阅读下面短文,
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There
are
many
New
Zealanders
returning
home
to
live
at
the
moment.
1.
(tradition),
young
Kiwis
go
overseas
to
live
and
work
for
a
few
years
and
this
2.
(call)
an
OE
(overseas
experience).
Some
return
home
after
a
year
or
two
and
3.
stay
away
for
longer.
Many
go
to
Australia
and
the
United
Kingdom.
If
they
marry
an
Australian
or
a
British
person,
they
probably
decide
to
live
in
that
country.
Even
older
New
Zealanders
4.
(attract)
to
Australia
over
the
years
because
the
wages
can
be
5.
(high)
there
and
it
is
not
too
distant
or
different
from
New
Zealand.
Now
it
looks
like
those
people
are
returning
home.
Reasons
for
this
could
be
that
they
have
lost
their
job
because
6.
the
bad
economy
and
they
want
to
be
closer
to
family
during
such
hard
times.
Unemployment
is
still
quite
low
in
New
Zealand
at
5%.
In
7.
(place)like
United
Kingdom,
United
States
and
Australia,
the
unemployment
rates
are
higher
so
it
is
harder
8.
(get)
a
job.
Houses
are
also
cheap
enough
9.
(buy)
at
the
moment
so
it
can
be
10.
good
time
to
buy
a
house
here.
1.
【解析】Traditionally。考查词性转换。此处是副词位于句首,
修饰整个句子。
2.
【解析】is
called。考查动词的时态和语态。此处作谓语,
用一般现在时的被动语态,
表示“被叫做……”。
3.
【解析】others。考查代词。根据上文的Some
可知,
此处是“some.
.
.
others.
.
.
”的结构。
4.
【解析】have
been
attracted。考查动词的时态和语态。根据文中的over
the
years可知用现在完成时,
且是被动意义。
5.
【解析】higher。考查形容词。此处意为:
因为那里的薪水可能更高一些。
6.
【解析】of。考查固定结构。此处是because
of
短语,
意为“因为糟糕的经济情况”。
7.
【解析】places。考查名词。根据like后面的内容可知,
此处用名词复数。
8.
【解析】to
get。考查非谓语动词。此处的it是形式主语,
真正的主语是不定式to
get
a
job。
9.
【解析】to
buy。考查非谓语动词。此处是结构be
+
adj.
+
enough
to
do,
意为“足够……做……”。
10.
【解析】a。考查冠词。此处表示泛指,
意为“买房子的一个好时候”。
PAGEUnit
2
Bridging
Cultures
课时素养达标
Ⅰ.
选用适当的连接词填空
that,
where,
what,
if,
when,
how,
why,
whether
1.
Where
Li
Bai
was
born
is
known
to
the
public,
but
some
won’t
accept
it.
2.
If
you
swim
in
a
river
or
lake,
be
sure
to
investigate
what
is
below
the
water
surface.
3.
—I
wonder
how
Mary
has
kept
her
figure
after
all
these
years.
—By
working
out
every
day.
4.
A
modern
city
has
been
set
up
in
what
was
a
wasteland
ten
years
ago.
5.
We
must
find
out
when
Karl
is
coming,
so
we
can
book
a
room
for
him.
6.
We
cannot
figure
out
why
quite
a
number
of
insects,
birds,
and
animals
are
dying
out.
7.
Everything
depends
on
whether
they
will
support
you
about
it.
8.
I
don’t
know
if
we
can
finish
the
task
successfully.
9.
You
are
saying
that
everyone
should
be
equal,
and
this
is
where
I
agree.
10.
Some
researchers
believe
that
there
is
no
doubt
that
a
cure
for
AIDS
will
be
found.
Ⅱ.
完成句子
1.
Where
the
English
party
will
be
held(英语晚会将在哪里举行)has
not
yet
been
announced.
?
2.
She
always
thinks
of
how
she
can
do
the
work
well(她怎样能把工作做好).
?
3.
He
put
forward
the
suggestion
that
we
should
do
our
work
more
carefully(我们的工作要更细心些).
?
4.
I
want
to
know
what
he
has
told
you(他告诉了你什么).
?
5.
It
is
known
to
us
how
he
became
a
writer(他是如何成为一名作家的).
?
6.
Whether
he
will
be
able
to
help
me
(他能否帮我)remains
a
question.
?
7.
Everything
depends
on
whether
we
have
enough
money(我们是否有足够的钱).
?
8.
What
struck
me
most
in
the
movie(影片中最打动我的)
was
the
father’s
deep
love
for
his
son.
?
语法填空
I
like
reading
very
much.
My
classmates’
question
is
1.
I
began
to
love
reading.
Actually,
I
love
reading
as
a
child.
I
grew
up
in
a
college
town
and
I
spent
all
my
summer
vacations
in
this
university.
What
I
meant
was
2.
I
was
surrounded
by
libraries
and
the
people
who
loved
to
read.
3.
I
went
to
the
library
to
read
every
day
was
one
of
my
favorite
hobbies.
My
love
of
reading
was
credited
with
the
fact
4.
my
parents
only
let
me
watch
an
hour
of
TV
a
day.
I
learned
to
entertain
myself
through
my
mind
and
imagination.
It’s
not
really
surprising
5.
literature
became
my
vocation.
Recently
I
have
been
reading
a
lot
of
multicultural
women’s
legends.
Jane
Goodall
went
to
Africa
and
studied
chimps
instead
of
going
to
university.
6.
there
are
some
connections
between
chimps
and
human
beings
puzzles
me
a
lot.
Thanks
to
Jane
Goodall,
her
research
showed
me
the
answer.
She
argued
7.
wild
animals
should
be
left
in
the
wild
and
not
used
for
entertainment.
After
finishing
her
story,
I
still
have
some
doubts
8.
she
could
achieve
great
success
on
her
own
in
the
forest.
Lin
Qiaozhi,
a
doctor,
became
a
specialist
in
women’s
illnesses.
She
devoted
all
her
life
to
medical
work
for
Chinese
women
and
children.
9.
made
her
succeed
later
on
was
the
kindness
and
consideration
she
showed
to
all
her
patients.
10.
she
didn’t
choose
to
have
a
family
of
her
own
is
clear
to
me
now.
答案:
1.
when 2.
that 3.
That 4.
that 5.
that 6.
Whether 7.
that
8.
how 9.
What 10.
Why
PAGEUnit
2
Bridging
Cultures
课时素养检测
七 Unit
2 Period
3
Ⅰ.
阅读理解
Culture
shock
or
thinking
differences
can
depress
even
the
most
experienced
traveller.
Remember
that
unlucky
accidents
with
service
providers
may
take
place
because
of
cultural
or
linguistic
misunderstandings,
and
that
getting
angry
will
make
communication
more
difficult
and
cause
bad
feelings.
A
taste
of
humour
can
make
hard
situations
more
meaningful
and
enjoyable
to
you,
your
fellow
travellers
and
the
local
friends
you’ve
made.
Keep
a
journal
or
carry
a
small
tape
recorder
and
make
regular
entries
or
recordings.
Taking
a
step
back
and
telling
an
experience
after
some
time
will
open
the
door
to
humour.
Write
a
letter
or
e-mail
to
a
friend
when
you
find
your
humour
reducing.
Challenge
yourself
to
tell
at
least
one
good
story
in
this
message
and
you’ll
be
surprised
how
funny
things
can
look
when
told
to
someone
outside
the
situation.
Keep
a
list
of
funny
things
that
you
observe
during
your
first
few
days
in
a
new
culture,
and
an
explanation
of
what
you
think
these
things
are
all
about.
Look
back
on
these
lists
later
in
the
trip;
what
seemed
strange
before
is
probably
familiar
now,
and
your
explanations
may
be
funnier
than
the
things
themselves!
Imagine
writing
an
entry
in
a
guidebook
about
a
frustrating
experience.
How
would
you
describe
your
experience
to
the
later
travellers?
What
travel
advice
would
you
offer?
Try
to
see
yourself
through
the
eyes
of
locals.
What
might
they
find
strange,
funny
about
what
you
are
doing
at
this
moment?
When
you
find
it
difficult
to
overcome
cultural
differences,
taking
a
new
look
at
yourself
can
be
very
funny.
Be
careful
not
to
sacrifice
(牺牲)
respect
for
local
culture
in
order
to
lighten
things
up
for
yourself
and
fellow
travellers.
【语篇概述】幽默可以使由于文化差异而给旅行者造成的不良情形得以改观,
本文给那些要旅游而且希望变得幽默的人提出了3条建议。
1.
Why
will
the
travellers
often
get
depressed
according
to
the
text?
A.
Because
of
being
short
of
money.
B.
Because
of
the
different
attitudes
to
the
same
thing.
C.
Because
of
having
not
enough
clothes.
D.
Because
of
the
unlucky
fellow
travellers’
trouble.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句“Culture
shock
or
thinking
differences
can
depress
even
the
most
experienced
traveller.
”可知文化冲击和思维的差异会使旅行者不快乐。所以选B。
2.
When
you
try
to
keep
your
sense
of
humour
in
foreign
countries,
you
should
________.
?
A.
tell
anything
that
you
find
entertaining
B.
learn
to
respect
the
local
customs
C.
know
how
to
overcome
cultural
differences
D.
try
to
tell
anything
particularly
funny
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的“Be
careful
not
to
sacrifice
respect
for
local
culture
in
order
to
lighten
things
up
for
yourself
and
fellow
travellers.
”可知,
要尊重当地的传统文化。
3.
What
can
you
infer
from
the
passage?
A.
The
funny
things
will
be
always
interesting
and
never
change.
B.
The
funny
things
would
always
make
people
happy.
C.
If
the
people
didn’t
experience
the
things,
they
would
find
them
funny.
D.
The
things
seemed
strange
before
they
are
surely
becoming
the
familiar
things.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据文章第二段最后一句中“.
.
.
you’ll
be
surprised
how
funny
things
can
look
when
told
to
someone
outside
the
situation.
”可知,
没有经历过那些事情的人会发现它们很有趣。
4.
Who
is
the
text
intended
for?
A.
The
performers
who
act
in
the
music
hall.
B.
The
actors
who
often
act
in
the
theatre.
C.
The
travellers
who
are
experienced.
D.
The
travellers
who
want
to
be
humorous.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。文章就是为那些要旅游而且希望变得幽默的人写的。
Ⅱ.
阅读填句
根据短文内容,
从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,
选项中有两项为多余选项。
When
I
first
came
to
UK
from
China
at
6,
I
entered
the
first
grade.
1 .
I
saw
children
throw
their
leftover
food
into
the
large
trash
cans—from
half-eaten
pizzas
to
untouched
burgers.
I
watched
them
pour
their
milk
into
a
white
bucket.
In
China,
this
was
a
huge
no-no
in
school.
We
had
to
finish
everything.
?
One
day,
my
first
grade
teacher
announced
that
we
would
be
having
a
party
and
everyone
was
told
to
bring
something
from
their
country.
2 .
My
mom
stayed
up
after
her
long
day
of
work
and
made
many
dumplings.
She
put
them
in
the
fridge
and
woke
up
early
in
the
morning
to
steam
them
and
fry
them
so
they
would
taste
extra
fresh
when
I
brought
them
to
school.
They
smelled
great
and
looked
golden
brown
after
they
were
cooked.
?
I
was
so
excited
to
share
these
with
my
class
and
teachers.
It
was
placed
in
the
corner
of
the
table
next
to
all
the
other
delicious
food.
3 .
One
or
two
kids
bravely
took
a
piece
and
knew
what
they
were
because
they
had
it
with
their
parents
at
a
Chinese
restaurant.
At
the
end
of
the
party,
it
was
cleanup.
My
teacher
walked
up
to
me
and
asked,
pointing
to
the
dumplings,
“Would
you
like
to
take
these
home?
”
I
carefully
replied,
“No.
.
.
” 4 .
I
thought
she
was
going
to
share
it
with
other
teachers,
but
immediately
after
I
said
that,
she
threw
all
the
dumplings
into
the
trash
and
continued
cleaning.
I
was
confused;
what
just
happened?
?
5 .
And
today
I
still
witness
this
frequently
in
my
English
friends.
Please
eat
all
your
food
or
take
it
to
go
or
share
it
or
just
get
enough
so
you
don’t
have
to
throw
it
away.
Thank
you.
?
A.
In
China,
“no”
usually
means
“yes”
B.
I
got
super
excited
and
told
my
parents
C.
It
was
very
impolite
to
take
your
gift
home
D.
This
was
the
biggest
culture
shock
I
have
experienced
E.
When
I
got
home,
I
shared
the
experience
with
my
parents
F.
Many
kids
had
the
cookies
and
juices
and
were
hesitant
to
try
the
dumplings
G.
I
didn’t
understand
why
kids
were
getting
their
lunch
food
and
not
finishing
it
【语篇概述】本文为记叙文。当作者6岁第一次从中国来到英国时,
他看到孩子们把没有吃完的、剩下的食物扔进大垃圾桶里。在中国,
孩子们必须把一切都吃完,
不能浪费。作者在文章中记叙了这一现象,
并讲述了自己的亲身经历,
最后呼吁大家不要浪费食物。
1.
【解析】选G。根据下文In
China,
this
was
a
huge
no-no
in
school.
We
had
to
finish
everything.
可知,
在中国,
学校里禁止浪费食物。由此推知,
G项“我不明白为什么孩子们带午饭却不吃完”符合语境。
2.
【解析】选B。根据下文My
mom
stayed
up
after
her
long
day
of
work
and
made
many
dumplings.
可知,
作者的妈妈熬夜包了很多饺子。由此推知,
B项“我非常兴奋,
告诉了我的父母”符合语境。
3.
【解析】选F。根据下文可知,
只有一两个孩子勇敢地吃了一个,
知道它们是什么,
因为他们和父母在中餐馆吃过。由此推知,
F项“许多孩子吃了饼干、喝了果汁,
不愿尝试饺子”
符合语境。
4.
【解析】选C。根据上文My
teacher
walked
up
to
me
and
asked,
pointing
to
the
dumplings,
“Would
you
like
to
take
these
home?
”
I
carefully
replied,
“No.
.
.
”可知,
作者并不打算把带到学校分享的美食带回家。由此推知,
C项“把礼物带回家是很不礼貌的”符合语境。
5.
【解析】选D。根据上文I
was
confused;
what
just
happened?
可知,
老师把剩下的饺子都倒入了垃圾桶,
这让作者感到很震惊。由此可知,
D项“这是我经历过的最大的文化冲击”符合语境。
Ⅲ.
完形填空
I
am
an
Australian
teacher
at
a
high
school
in
Sydney.
A
few
years
ago,
I
went
to
Japan
to
teach
1 for
one
year.
I
quickly
2
that
schools
in
the
two
countries
are
different.
?
In
my
first
class,
I
put
the
students
in
3 ,
and
asked
them
to
4
the
question:
Who
has
more
advantages
in
society:
men
or
women?
In
my
class
in
Australia,
this
topic
would
get
everyone
talking.
For
me,
this
5
a
successful
lesson—everyone
was
speaking
in
English.
So,
when
I
6
the
same
lesson
with
my
Japanese
students,
I
was
7
that
the
same
thing
would
happen.
?
Instead
of
a
8
debate
with
different
viewpoints,
there
was
almost
silence.
The
students
9
briefly
and
quietly
within
their
groups.
Then
a
spokesperson
gave
one
answer
for
the
group.
?
I
was
10
at
this
time,
but
I
now
realize
that
the
students
were
acting
as
a
team.
In
my
year
in
Japan,
I
came
to
11
what
being
a
team
player
means.
A
team
player
thinks
of
others
before
he
thinks
of
himself.
A
good
team
player
puts
himself
last,
and
puts
his
teammates
first.
?
In
a
Japanese
class,
children
are
often
12
into
groups
and
taught
how
to
study
or
play
together.
This
emphasis
(重点)
on
being
a
good
team
player
13
in
the
work
place
and
in
all
aspects
of
society.
In
Australia,
it
is
the
14
who
is
important,
not
the
group.
At
first,
I
felt
that
Australian
culture
was
better,
but
after
a
year
in
Japan,
I
learned
that
cultures
are
15 ,
and
that
it
is
not
a
question
of
which
one
is
better.
?
【语篇概述】本文是夹叙夹议文。一位澳大利亚的老师到日本教英语,
发现日本的学生与澳大利亚的学生的一个很大的不同在于日本学生从小注重团队意识的培养,
作者由此感悟到文化的不同。
1.
A.
Japanese
B.
English C.
history D.
culture
【解析】选B。上下文语境题。根据文章首句和第二段中“everyone
was
speaking
in
English”可知作者去日本教授英语。
2.
A.
recognized
B.
realized
C.
compared
D.
considered
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。根据对全文内容的把握,
此句为下文的总结句,
是说“我”根据自己的切身经历,
很快“意识到”(realize)两个国家的学校的不同。
3.
A.
groups
B.
classes
C.
grades
D.
schools
【解析】选A。上下文语境题。根据文章第三段和最后一段的信息可知,
在日本课堂上往往进行“小组”(group)活动。
4.
A.
answer
B.
reply
C.
discuss
D.
quarrel
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。根据第三段debate
with
different
viewpoints中的debate暗示可知作者让他们去“讨论”(discuss)。
5.
A.
seemed
B.
chose
C.
meant
D.
presented
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。根据作者在澳大利亚的以往经验,
这应当是一节很成功的课,
课堂上学生各抒己见,
气氛热烈。mean意为“意味着”。
6.
A.
managed
B.
gave
C.
made
D.
tried
【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。根据第二段首句“In
my
first
class”可知作者想在日本课堂上“尝试一下”(try)。manage意为“管理,
设法达成”。
7.
A.
satisfied
B.
doubtful
C.
confident
D.
afraid
【解析】选C。上下文语境题。根据“a
successful
lesson
—
everyone
was
speaking
in
English”可知作者很“自信”(confident)。
8.
A.
noisy
B.
cruel
C.
brief
D.
simple
【解析】选A。上下文语境题。根据空格前的Instead
of以及下文there
was
almost
silence中的silence可知答案为A。此处表示没有了辩论会上的吵闹。
9.
A.
argued
B.
whispered
C.
scolded
D.
shouted
【解析】选B。上下文语境题。根据前后文信息,
尤其是“briefly
and
quietly
within
their
groups”可知“低语”(whisper)符合语境,
其他三个词都有大声的氛围。
10.
A.
amused
B.
annoyed
C.
surprised
D.
embarrassed
【解析】选C。词义辨析题。对于反差很大的课堂氛围,
作者自然很“诧异”(surprised)。注意后文中“but
I
now
realize
that
the
students
were
acting
as
a
team”也是暗示。
11.
A.
tell
B.
complain
C.
explain
D.
understand
【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。根据这一段中后面作者的解释可知此处应是come
to
understand“最终明白”。
12.
A.
forced
B.
organized
C.
changed
D.
introduced
【解析】选B。词义辨析题。根据第四段中的解释可知日本学生常进行分组活动。force“强迫”;
organize“组织”;
change“改变”;
introduce“介绍”。根据句意选B。
13.
A.
continues
B.
appears
C.
passes
D.
delivers
【解析】选A。词义辨析题。continue“继续,
延续”;
appear“出现”;
pass“通过”;
deliver“传送”。句意:
重要的是他们把这种团队意识延续到了(将来的)工作场合和社会的各个方面。根据句意选A。
14.
A.
friendship
B.
individual
C.
ability
D.
competition
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。根据“not
the
group”可知澳大利亚教育强调的是“个体”(individual)的重要性。
15.
A.
strange
B.
difficult
C.
different
D.
common
【解析】选C。词汇复现题。根据全文内容和第一段最后一句可知C项正确。
Ⅳ.
语法填空
阅读下面短文,
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Hollywood
produces
many
different
kinds
of
films,
mysteries,
musicals,
love
stories,
and
horror
films
1.
________ (include).
Different
as
these
films
may
be,
they
generally
have
one
thing
in
common—conflict.
The
main
character
wants
something
so
2.
_____________(bad)
that
he
will
do
everything
to
get
it.
The
opponent
tries
to
stop
the
main
character
3.
_____________(achieve)
his
goal.
This
opposition
creates
conflict,
and
conflict
is
the
heart
of
the
drama.
To
give
4.
_____________
example,
the
main
character
is
a
young
man
of
humble(卑微的)
origins
5.
_____________
wants
to
marry
the
beautiful
daughter
of
a
rich
banker.
The
father
thinks
the
young
man
is
unworthy
of
his
daughter,
and
he
does
not
allow
her
6.
_____________(see)him.
The
young
man,
who
is
deep
in
love,
7.
_____________
(refuse)
to
give
up
without
a
fight.
The
conflict
between
the
young
man
and
the
girl’s
father
is
8.
_____________
makes
the
story
interesting.
In
a
good
story,
the
main
character
changes
—
he
is
not
the
same
at
the
end
of
the
story
as
he
was
at
the
9.
_____________(begin).
He
learns
something
from
his
experience
that
makes
10.
_____________(he)
a
different
person.
And
we
also
learn
something.
Good
movies
not
only
entertain
us,
but
help
us
understand
more
about
life.
?
【语篇概述】这是一篇说明文。好莱坞盛产各种各样的电影,
但是这些电影通常有一个共同的主题——冲突。
1.
【解析】included。考查词形转换。included作形容词时仅用于名词后,
表示“包括在内的”。故填included。
2.
【解析】badly。考查副词。由语境“主角非常想要某物,
以至于他会尽一切努力去得到”可知,
这里修饰动词wants,
故用副词。badly“非常地”。
3.
【解析】achieving。考查非谓语动词。对手尽力阻止这个主角实现他的目标。stop
sb.
(from)
doing
sth.
“阻止某人做某事”。
4.
【解析】an。考查冠词。这里表示泛指且example的发音以元音音素开头,
故用不定冠词an。
5.
【解析】who/that。考查定语从句。先行词是a
young
man,
指人,
且关系词在从句中作主语,
故此空填who/that。
6.
【解析】to
see。考查非谓语动词。这位父亲认为年轻人配不上他的女儿,
所以他不允许女儿见他。allow
sb.
to
do
sth.
“允许某人做某事”。
7.
【解析】refuses。考查主谓一致和动词的时态。由主语The
young
man
可知,
谓语动词应用单数,
又因此处是客观描述,
应用一般现在时,
故此空填refuses。
8.
【解析】what。考查名词性从句。空处引导表语从句并在从句中作主语,
故填what。
9.
【解析】beginning。考查词形转换。根据空前的the可知,
此处应用名词。at
the
beginning
“起初”,
为固定搭配。
10.
【解析】him。考查人称代词。动词makes后跟宾格形式。他从他的经历中学到了一些东西并使他成为一个不同的人。him代指这个主角。故填him。
完形填空
Do
you
need
a 1 reason
for
learning
a
new
language,
such
as
your
job
or
your
studies?
2 perhaps
you’re
interested
in
the
literature
of
a
different
country
and
you
know
how
much
it
will
help
to
have
a 3 of
the
language.
?
Most
people
learn
best
using
a
variety
of 4 ,
but
traditional
classes
are
an
ideal(理想的)start
for
many
people.
They
provide
an
environment
where
you
can
practice
under
the 5 of
someone
who’s
good
at
the
language.
We
all
lead
6 lives
and
learning
a
language
takes 7 .
You
will
have
more
success
if
you
study
regularly,
so
try
to
develop
a 8 .
?
Many
people
start
learning
a
language
and
soon
give
up.
“I’m
too
old,
”
they
say.
Yes,
children
do
learn
languages
more 9 than
adults,
but
research
has
shown
that
you
can
learn
a
language
at
any 10 .
And
learning
is
good
for
the
health
of
your
brain,
too.
I’ve
also
heard
people 11 about
the
mistakes
they
make
when
learning.
Well,
relax
and
laugh
about
your
mistakes 12 you’re
much
less
likely
to
make
them
again.
?
Learning
a
new
language
is
never
13 .
But
with
some
work
and
devotion,
you’ll
make
progress.
And
you’ll
be 14 by
the
positive
reaction
of
some
people
when
you
say
just
a
few
words
in 15 own
language.
Good
luck!
?
【语篇概述】本文为一篇议论文。文章就学习一门语言的原因、方法以及语言学习与年龄、犯错误之间的关系等进行了讨论。
1.
A.
technical
B.
political
C.
practical
D.
physical
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。根据下文such
as
your
job
or
your
studies可知是一些实际的原因。technical
“技术性的”;
political“政治的”
;
practical“实用的”;
physical“身体的”。C项符合语境。
2.
A.
After
B.
So
C.
Though
D.
Or
【解析】选D。上下文语境题。上句给出了学习语言的一种原因,
本句是另外一个原因,
与之是并列关系,
表示选择。所以选D。
3.
A.
view
B.
knowledge
C.
form
D.
database
【解析】选B。考查固定搭配。句意:
你知道掌握一门语言很有帮助。have
a
knowledge
of“掌握;
了解;
熟知”,
所以选B。
4.
A.
paintings
B.
regulations
C.
methods
D.
computers
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。根据下文traditional
classes可推断此处是说大多数人使用各种不同的方法,
所以答案选C。
5.
A.
control
B.
command
C.
guidance
D.
pressure
【解析】选C。词义辨析题。
control
“控制”;
command“指令”;
guidance
“指导”;
pressure“压力”。对学习者来说应是“指导”其学习,
不是“控制”“命令”或“压迫”。under
the
guidance
of在……的指导下。
6.
A.
busy
B.
happy
C.
simple
D.
normal
【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。我们都很忙碌,
但学习一门语言需要时间。接下来讨论的是学习一门语言需要大量的时间,
故选A。
7.
A.
courage
B.
time
C.
energy
D.
place
【解析】选B。上下文语境题。根据上下文语境可知,
学习语言需要时间,
所以选B。
8.
A.
theory
B.
business
C.
routine
D.
project
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。如果定期学习,
你会更成功,
所以要努力养成习惯。根据前半句中的regularly可知答案选C。
9.
A.
closely
B.
quickly
C.
privately
D.
quietly
【解析】选B。背景常识题。根据常识可知,
孩子比成年人学习语言的速度更快,
故选B。
10.
A.
age
B.
speed
C.
distance
D.
school
【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。本段讨论的是学习语言与“年龄”之间的关系,
故选A。
11.
A.
worry
B.
hesitate
C.
think
D.
quarrel
【解析】选A。背景常识题。根据常识可知,
学习一种语言的时候,
人们一般都担心犯错误,
故选A。
12.
A.
if
B.
and
C.
but
D.
before
【解析】选B。固定句式题。本句为一特殊句型,
“祈使句+and+陈述句”,
该结构相当于一个含有条件状语从句的主从复合句,
祈使句表示的是一个条件,
故选B。
13.
A.
tiresome
B.
hard
C.
interesting
D.
easy
【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。本句为第四段的首句,
起着承上启下的作用,
是对上文的总结。上文讨论学习语言的诸多困难,
所以选D。
14.
A.
blamed
B.
amazed
C.
interrupted
D.
informed
【解析】选B。上下文语境题。通过上句可知,
学习语言给你的收获是你说上几句他们自己的语言,
一些人的积极反应就会让你“惊奇”,
故选B。
15.
A.
their
B.
his
C.
our
D.
your
【解析】选A。固定搭配题。与own
搭配用形容词性物主代词。此处用their指代主句中的some
people,
所以选A。
PAGEUnit
2
Bridging
Cultures
课时素养达标
Ⅰ.
单句语法填空
1.
The
management
took
all
reasonable(reason)
safety
measures.
2.
That
is
a
room
with
a
western
exposure(expose)
to
the
hot
sun.
3.
He
is
likely
to
be
denied(deny)
to
be
drafted
in
the
army
for
bad
eyesight.
?
4.
Make
sure
the
firm
is
competent(competence)
to
carry
out
the
work.
5.
We
all
agreed
on
a
treaty
to
strengthen(strong)
the
cooperation
between
our
two
parties.
6.
It’s
hard
to
train
children
to
be
well
behaved(behave)
at
the
table.
7.
He
is
the
only
child
in
the
family
and
his
parents
have
great
expectations
(expect)for
his
future.
8.
She
was
often
in
a
depressed
(depress)state
because
no
one
could
understand
her.
Ⅱ.
选词填空(注意词的正确形式)
contribute
to,
in
addition,
end
up,
cooperate
with,
as
far
as
I’m
concerned,
in
expectation
of,
to
sum
up,
on
one’s
good
behaviour
1.
The
banquet
ended
up
with
the
song
of
Auld
Lang
Syne.
?
2.
She
is
on
a
diet,
in
addition,
she
pursues
various
exercises
on
TV
to
lose
weight.
?
3.
To
sum
up,
there
are
two
main
ways
of
solving
the
problem.
?
4.
As
far
as
I’m
concerned,
we
should
pay
more
attention
to
the
safety
of
school
children.
?
5.
I
believe
that
each
of
us
can
contribute
to
the
future
of
the
world.
?
6.
We
are
keen
to
cooperate
with
all
partners
looking
for
a
win-win
relationship.
?
7.
I
tried
my
best
to
do
it
in
expectation
of
a
reward.
?
8.
I
want
you
to
be
on
your
good
behaviour
while
I’m
away.
?
Ⅲ.
汉译英
1.
不可否认,
她是我见过的最有魅力的女演员。
There
is
no
denying
that
she
is
the
most
charming
actress
I
have
ever
seen.
?
2.
有这本书来帮忙,
你能尽快完成工作。
With
this
book
to
help
you,
you
can
finish
your
work
as
soon
as
possible.
?
3.
我终于有勇气去面对挑战了。
I
finally
got
the
courage
to
face
the
challenge.
?
4.
我在街上走着,
听到有人喊我的名字。
While
walking
along
the
street,
I
heard
my
name
called.
?
5.
他对公司的成功做出了重要的贡献。
He
has
made
an
important
contribution
to
the
company’s
success.
?
6.
我必须充分利用我的业余时间,
否则我最终会无所事事。
I
must
make
the
best
of
my
spare
time,
or
I
end
up
doing
nothing.
?
PAGE
