Module 2 Experiences 模块小结课件 52张PPT

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名称 Module 2 Experiences 模块小结课件 52张PPT
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科目 英语
更新时间 2021-03-02 20:02:17

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英语(外研版)
八年级 下册
Module 2
Experiences
English
模块小结
思维导图
知识要点一、重点单词,短语及句。
要点1 experience
(1)experience 作名词的用法 (1)经历,阅历(可数)
I had a rather odd experience the other day.前些天我有一次相当神奇的经历。
Please tell us about your experience in Africa.请跟我们说说你在非洲的经历。
(2)经验 +of/in)(不可数)
She had no experience of life at all.她毫无生活经验。
不可数名词
意为“经验”
He has rich experience in teaching.
他在教学上有丰富的经验。
可数名词
意为“经历”
My uncle has many unusual experiences.
我的叔叔有许多不寻常的经历。
【典例分析】
1.他有许多教学经验。
He has _________ ________in English teaching.
【点拨】much experience 经验不可数名词。
2.In April,the weather in some places in Shanxi was really changeable. People still remember they have four seasons in a week.(山西)
A. organized  B. experienced  C. described
【点拨】此题用词义辨析法。organize “组织”; experience “经历”; describe “描述”。根据句意“在四月,山西一些地方的天气真是多变。人们仍然记得他们在一周内    四个季节。”可知答案。
3.—Mrs. Zhang was sent to teach English in a poor mountain village last year.
—She said she would never forget some pleasant    while working there.
A. experiments B. expressions C. experiences D. emotions
【点拨】C。句意:张太太去年被派到一个贫穷的山村教英语。-她说她永远不会忘记在那里工作时的愉快经历。A. experiments 实验 B. expressions 表达,表情。 C. experiences 经历。这里可数名词。 D. emotions 情绪。通过句意,选C
4.Our journey by camel was _______.
A. a pleasant experience B. an experience pleasant
C. pleasant experience D. experience pleasant
【点拨】A experience在这里作“经历”的意思。是可数名词。故答案选A。
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要点2
another意为“又一个,再一个”。指三者或三者以上中不确定的另一个,其后跟可数名词单数。
例:Could you answer me another question?你能再回答我一个问题吗?
【考点】“ another+基数词+名词”表示“再……”, 等同于“基数词+more+名词”。
例:We wanted another three books.=We wanted three more books.我们想再要三本书
辨析:another , other与the other
another意为“另一个,又一个”,其后常接单数名词或代词,常用于三者或三者以上。
He drank another glass of beer.
(2)other 意为“别的,其他的”。作形容词时后接名词,作代词时有复数形式others.
Only Lucy and Tom are here. Where are your other friends?
(3)the other 表示已知的两个人或事物中的另一个,其后常接名词或代词。常见结构:one…the other
She was driving the car with one hand, and wiping the window with the other.
注意:“another+数词+名词的复数形式”表示“再…..; 又…..”相当于“数词+more+名词的复数形式”。May I have another two/two more apples?
特别注意:other others the others another的区别(口诀:有名无S,有the 有范围)
a,先记住这些搭配
one … the other 一个…… 另一个(两个)
one …. the others 一个…….另一些
some … some ….others
b, another 在不定数中“再”“又”“别的”之意
c, the other 和the others 表一定范围内另一个,另一些。注意文中有范围,相当“其余的”“剩下来的”之意。
d,others 和the others后不接名词
【典例分析】
1.—Shall we meet at 8 o'clock next Sunday morning?
—I won't be free then. Let's make it      day.
A. other   B. another    C. the other
【点拨】A项作形容词时,意为“其他的”,后接名词,作代词时,意为“(二者之中)另一人或物”,常与定冠词the连用;B项意为“另一个,再一个”;C项意为“两个中的另一个”。根据答语可得出答案。
2.用another / other / others / the others/the other填空:
1) I have two friends. One is Tom, _____________ is Mary.
【点拨】the other 。one … the other 一个…… 另一个(两个)
2) I can keep the book for a month, but I’m not allowed to lend it to _____________.
【点拨】others. 别人。无范围,泛指。
3) I can’t work out the fifth question, but I have done all ____________.
【点拨】the others。其余的,剩下的。有the有范围。
4) Lucy, would you show me _____________ photo.
【点拨】another。another 在不定数中“再”“又”“别的”之意
5) We should save money to help ______________ poor children.
【点拨】other。 后面有名词。且没有范围。故用other。
6) Some go to the cinema, ________ go shopping
【点拨】others。无名词后面一般用others表示泛指。
7)Where are my ________ books?
【点拨】other。不能用the。因为有my特指。
8)I don't like the dress, could you please show me _________ one?
【点拨】another。Another后面一般用名词单数形式。 在不定数中“再”“又”“别的”之意
9)Mary has two kids, one is a teacher, _____________is a doctor.
【点拨】the other 。one … the other 一个…… 另一个(两个)
10)In my class, only the twins are from China, ____________ are from Japan
【点拨】the others。The others 表示有范围。剩下的,其余的。
要点3 enter
Enter用作不及物动词,意为“参加”,同take part in 多指参加考试、比赛等
【考点拓展】enter 还表示“进入”,相当于come/go into
【典例分析】
1.When we tried to enter the house ,some men stopped us .(改为同义句)
When we tried to _______ _________ the house ,some men stopped us .
【点拨】go into
2.Jessica said she wanted to ______ the competition.
A. take B. enter C. take part D. bring
【答案】B。
【解析】考查enter a competition“参加比赛”。Take part in 参加比赛,后面要用介词In。
要点4
invite sb.to do sth.邀请某人做某事
invite sb. to a place 邀请某人去某地
例:He invited Mary to have dinner. 他邀请玛丽吃晚餐。
【拓展】invite的名词形式为invitation“邀请函;请帖”,常与介词to连用。
例:Jane received an invitation to a party just now. 刚才简收到了一个聚会邀请函。
invite 的用法和延伸
其他动词不定式作宾语的结构
want sb to do sth. tell sb to do sth.
expect sb to do sth. ask sb to do sth.
wish sb to do sth. encourage sb to do sth.
send sb to do sth. advise sb. to do sth.
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【典例分析】
1.Tony hopes he will win the writing competition, and then he will invite Sally (visit)around the world with him.
【点拨】invite sb.to do sth。邀请某人做某事。故填不定式。
2.I invited her together, but she didn’t agree.
A. sing B. singing C. to sing D. sings
【答案】C
【解析】句意:我邀请她一起唱歌,但是她不同意。邀请某人做某事:invite sb to do sth,后跟带to的不定式作宾语补足语,故选C。
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要点5
have been to 的用法
have been to
去过某地,现在已经回来
have gone to
去某地了,现在还没回来
have been in
在某地待了多长时间,与时间段连用
1)has / have been to: 去过某地(表示经历),人现在已回来,常与ever, never,次数等连用。
I have been to Beijing twice. 我已去过北京两次了。
2) has /have gone to: 去某地了(表示此人不在这儿),不能用于第三人称。
--- May I speak to Li Tao? 我可以和李涛通话吗?
--- Sorry. He has gone to Beijing. 很抱歉。他去北京了。
3) has / have been in: 住在/ 在,是延续性动词短语,可以与时间段连用。
He has been in Shanghai / for ten years. \ since he worked .
【典例分析】
1.用have been to, have gone to,have been in填空
1.__________ you ever_________ Mount Emei?
2.I __________Nanjing since two years ago.
3. Mr. Li _______________Hong Kong. And he'll come back in two days.
4.-How long ______ you _______ Disneyland?
- For three days . I went to the theme park last Sunday .
5.My father__________ Guang'an twice.
6.-Where's Lucy? - She__________ a restaurant for lunch.
7.Peter __________Paris for five months
【答案】1. Have been to 2. have been in 3. has gone to 4. have been in 5. has been to 6. has gone to7.has been in
要点6 afford
afford为动词,意为“(有财力)买得起,付得起”。
例:The girl likes the handbag very much, but she can't afford it.
这个女孩非常喜欢这个手提包,但她买不起
【考点】afford常接在can, could, be able to之后,表示担负得起(……的费用、损失、后果等),常用于否定句和疑问句中。
例:Many people can't afford a new house now. 现在许多人买不起新房子。
【重点】afford 后面可以接名词、代词或动词不定式作宾语。
afford后跟动词不定式作宾语,can afford to / do sth.: 有能力支付做某事\ buy sth.: 买得起某物
例:The family could not afford to send her to college. 家里没有足够的钱供她上大学。
【难点】afford 后面可以接双宾语,即afford sb. sth.“为某人提供某物”。
例:Reading will afford you much pleasure.阅读会给你提供很多乐趣。
?
【典例分析】
1.—Some children can't afford     necessary stationery.
—Let's donate our pocket money to them.(扬州)
A. buy B. buying C.to buy D.be bought
【点拨】afford 意为“(有财力)买得起,付得起”后面一般接不定式。故选C。
2.I am afraid we cannot _______ to take a taxi .Let’s go by underground instead .
A. refuse B. afford C. forget D. fall
【点拨】考查词语辨异。首先要明确各单词意思才会有正确的选择。A. refuse拒绝 B. afford 买得起,付得起 C. forget 忘记 D. fall掉下,落下。根据题意选B。
3.I can't ________ the purse for it's so expensive.
A. find B. afford C. cost D. spend
【点拨】B句意:我买不起这个钱包因为太贵了。
考查动词辨析。find发现;afford买得起;cost花费;spend花费;根据句意理解及后句for it’s so expensive可知,这里表达的是“买不起”,空格前有can’t,所以这里直接用动词原形,表示“买得起”,故选B。
4.他太穷了买不起城市的房子。
He is very poor and___________________ a house in the city.
【点拨】can’t afford to buy. afford常接在can, could, be able to之后,表示担负得起.
5.Cars are so expensive that only the very rich can______ to buy them.
A. wait B. afford
C. get D. have
【点拨】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 汽车是如此贵, 只有非常富有的人能够买得起它们。afford to do sth. 负担得起……。
要点7
at the moment
【用法分析】at the moment 意为“此刻,目前”,相当于at this moment .常用于一般现在时或现在进行时的句子。
【考点拓展】(1)at that moment 意为“在那时,在同时”=at that time
(2)at any moment 随时,在任何时候
(3)in a moment 立刻,马上
【典例分析】
1.-I can’t find Jimmy .Where is he ?
-He ______ in the garden at the moment .
A. works B. will work C. is working
【点拨】C at the moment 意为“此刻,目前”,相当于at this moment .常用于一般现在时或现在进行时的句子。
要点8
be different from
Be different from 意为“与……不一样”
【考点拓展】the same as 意为“与……一样”
【典例分析】
1.Many teenagers don't like to talk with their parents. But I am      them. I love to share my joy and sorrow with my parents.
A.the same as B. different from C. interested in D. angry with
【点拨】the same as“与……一样”;be different from“与……不同”;be interested in“对……感兴趣”;be angry with“生某人的气”,由句意可知选B。
2. We have the same amount of apples __________ they do.
A. from B. like C. as D. for
【答案】C from意为“来自…”,like意为“像…”,为介词,其后接名词;as表示“像…”时是连词,引导方式状语从句,for表示“为了”,此处为“我们有和他们一样数量的苹果”。故选C。
3. —Are the pictures the same?
—They are __________. Picture A is a little smaller than Picture B.
A. different B. different from C. the same D. the same as
【答案】A
【解析】根据下一句的“图A比图B小一点”可知,两幅图不一样。故选A。
4. The Earth is __________ the Sun in size.
A. like B. the same as C. different from D. look like
【答案】C
【解析】be different from意为“与…不同”,地球和太阳大小不用。故选C。
5.我和弟弟一样留有同样的短发。
I have ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ my brother.
【点拨】the same short hair
6.他的衣服的颜色与我的不一样。
The color of his cloth __________ _________ __________ ________
【点拨】is different from mine
要点9
ever为副词,表示“曾经;从来;在任何时候。”
Have you ever won any prizes before? 你以前曾经获过奖吗?
【重点】 ever表示“曾经”,常用于现在完成时的疑问句中,用以加强语气。可构成短语ever since表示“自……起”。
例:-- Have you ever spoken to a foreigner?你曾经同外国人说过话吗?
-- Yes, I have.
– No, I never.(否定回答用never)
【拓展】ever表示“在任何时候”,常用于否定句及条件句中。
例:Nothing new ever happens in this village.这个村子里至今不曾发生过新事。
If you ever come to Beijing, be sure to let me know.如果你到北京来,务必通知我一声。
【典例分析】
1.—Anna,have you     seen China's Got Talent
—Of course. I     it last weekend.(咸宁)
A. never;saw     B. ever;have seen C. never;have seen  D. ever;saw
【点拨】此题用语法分析法。由答语可知问句中应用ever,由last weekend 可知是一般过去时。 
2. This is the best film I have   seen.
A. never     B. ever    C. once    D. always
【点拨】B选B。考查副词辨析。句意: 这是我曾经看过的最好的电影。never意为“从不”; ever意为“曾经”; once意为“从前; 一次”; always意为“总是; 一直”。故选B。
3.Have you ________ visited the Great Wall?
A. ever B. before C. yet D. after
【点拨】A句意:你参观过长城吗?
考查副词。ever曾经(用于否定句和疑问句,放句中);before在……之前;yet还(否定句和疑问句,放句末);after在……之后;根据“Have you ________ visited”可知此处现在完成时的疑问句形式,且位于句中,所以用“ever”,故选A。
要点10
before和ago
⑴ before在此处为副词,意为“以前”。before常用于现在完成时中,也可用于一般过去时中,通常位于句末。
例:He has never seen such a huge stone before.他以前从未见过这么大的石头。
before还可以用作介词或者连词,意为“在…之前”,可表示时间、位置、顺序等。
例:My father usually goes to bed before 9 pm.我爸爸通常在晚上九点之前上床睡觉。
Turn off the light before you leave the room.离开房间前关上灯。
⑵ ago为副词,意为“以前”,不能单独使用,通常用于一般过去时句子的末尾,“一段时间+ago”意为“….以前”。
口诀记忆
时间点前before领,时间段后ago跟。
【典例分析】
1.Have you met Mr Li ?
A. just B. ago C. before D. a moment ago
【答案】C
【解析】句意:你见过李先生吗?just刚刚, ago以前,before以前,a moment ago一会前。before用于现在完成时,表示从过去某一时刻到现在。just, ago, a moment ago用于一般过去时。故选C。
2. —Has Jimmy visited the USA______?
—No, never. He is going there next summer holiday.
A. before B. ago C. after D. later
【点拨】选A。考查副词词义辨析。句意: ——吉米以前参观过美国吗? ——不, 从未去过。他打算明年暑假参观。before以前, 用于现在完成时句末; ago用于过去时, 在……之前; after为介词; later……之后, 故选A。
3. I visited this place 3________years ago.
A. before B. ago C. after D. later
【点拨】B . ago为副词,意为“以前”,不能单独使用,通常用于一般过去时句子的末尾,“一段时间+ago”意为“….以前”。
4.—Have you seen the film________?
—Yes, I saw it three days________.
A. before;ago B. ago;before C. before;before D. ago;ago
【点拨】A。before用于现在完成时,表示从过去某一时刻到现在。ago通常用于一般过去时句子的末尾,“一段时间+ago”意为“….以前”。
要点11
win为动词,意为“赢、获胜”,
例:We are sure to win the game.我们确信能赢得比赛。
【考点】辨析win和beat
① win指在游戏、比赛、竞赛、选举中获胜,后常跟game, race, prize等表示“物”的词。
例:Tom won first prize in the writing competition.汤姆在写作竞赛中赢得了一等奖
② beat指在运动、比赛等中获胜,打败了其他人或其他队,后常跟somebody, class等表示“人”的词。
例:They beat us in the basketball match last Monday. 上周一他们在篮球比赛中打败我们。
【典例分析】
1.在最后,我们获得了比赛胜利!
At last,we ________ the game!
【点拨】won win意为“获胜;赢得”,表取得游戏、比赛
2.他竭尽全力击败他的朋友并获得了比赛的胜利
He tried his best to_________ his friend and __________ the game!
【点拨】beat won beat意为“打败”,打败某人或者某个集体.后面接“个体”“团队”。
3.Xu Haifeng ________ the first gold ________ in Olympic Games for China.
A. gets; medal B. won; symbol
C. got; prize D. won; medal
【点拨】D句意:许海峰在奥运会上给中国队赢得了第一块金牌。gets得到;won赢,是win的过去式;got是get的过去式;medal奖牌;symbol象征,符号;prize奖品。根据句意可知,这里表示“赢得金牌”,故应选D。
4.Their football team was     in that important game.?
A. won B. beaten C. failed D. beat
【点拨】B 本题考查动词辨析。句意:在那次重要的比赛中,他们的足球队被打败了。故选B。
5. Did New Jersey Nets________ Miami Heat?
—No, they were________.
A.lose; beaten B.win; lost C.beat; beaten D.lose; beat
【点拨】句意:——新泽西网队击败迈阿密热火了吗?——不,他们被打败了。考查动词和语态辨析题。win赢得,宾语一般是比赛或是比赛项目;beat打败,宾语一般是人或比赛的队伍。lose输掉(比赛)/输给(某人),有lose to sb.结构。根据句意,问句宾语Miami Heat是球队,动词不可用win,可排除B项;lose做不及物动词时表示“输掉”,不可直接跟宾语,可排除AD两项。结合句意语境,新泽西网队没有击败迈阿密热火队,而是被对方给击败了。可知选C。
6. He did as his teacher told him and ________ first place in the exam.
A. won B. beat C. lost D. win
【点拨】A。win指在游戏、比赛、竞赛、选举中获胜, 常跟game, race, prize等表示“物”的词。beat指在运动、比赛等中获胜,打败了其他人或其他队,后常跟somebody, class等表示“人”的词
要点11
“one of+the或其他限定词+形容词最高级+名词复数”指在某一范围内“最……之一”,该结构做主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式。
【典例分析】
1.长江是世界上最长的河流之一。
The Changjiang River is _______ ________ ________ _________ _________ in the world.
【点拨】one of the longest rivers
2.他是我们班最优秀的学生之一。
He ________ ________ ________ _________ _________ ________ in our class
【点拨】is one of the best students
3. Teahouse is one of _____________________ plays.
A. the Lao She’s most famous B. Lao She’s the most famous
C. the more famous D. Lao She’s most famous
【点拨】D 句意:茶馆是老舍的最著名的话剧之一。考查形容词最高级前面限定词的辨析。根据形容词最高级前面通常有定冠词the,如有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词或名词所有格修饰,the要省略;再根据供选答案中的Lao She’s名词所有格形式。故选D。
4. One of the best plays “Teahouse” ________________ still popular among the old today.
A. be B. is C. are D. was
【点拨】B句意:最好的戏剧之一“茶馆”今天在老年人当中仍然很受欢迎。考查主谓一致的辨析。根据one of +形容词最高级+名词复数+谓语动词但是形式。故选B。
要点12
how long
1. 表示多长时间,与延续性动词连用,主要用来对一段时间(如three days, four weeks 等)提问。常用“for+一段时间”和“since+时间点” 回答.
A:How long does it take to get to London from here? 从这里到伦敦要多长时间?
B:At least ten hours. 至少要10个小时。
2. 表示某东西有多长。
A:How long is the river? 这条河有多长?
B:About 500 km. 大约500千米。
【辨析】how long; how often; how soon; how far
how soon
how soon 指再过多久,主要用来对表示将来的一段时间(如:in an hour, in two weeks 等)提问。
A:How soon will he be back? 他要多久才回来?
B:In an hour. 1 小时以后。
【典例分析】
1. ---______________ is the playground?
---It’s about 7,000 square meters.
A. How long B. How large C. How far D. How much
【点拨】B句意:---这个操场又多大?---它是大约7000平方米。考查易混疑问副词辨析。根据how long:意为(多长时间,指自始至终时间),询问(for/since引导的时间段);How large意为多大(提问面积);how far:意为(多远距离),询问(距离、路程);How much意为多少(提问不可数名词数量);再跟句中的7000 square meters,判断为面积。故选B。
2. ---_______________ do you brush your teeth?
---Twice or more a day.
A. How soon B. How far C. How long D. How often
【点拨】D句意:---你多长时间刷一次牙齿?---一天两次或更多。考查易混疑问副词辨析。根据how long:意为(多长时间,指自始至终时间),询问(for/since引导的时间段);how soon:意为(多久,指从现在起之后),询问(in +时间段表示现在起之后时间);how often:意为(多长时间一次;多久一次),询问(动作发生的频率);how far:意为(多远距离),询问(距离、路程);再根据twice or more a day为频率。故选D。
3.-___________ have you worked here?
-For just one month.
A. How often B. How long C. How soon D. How much
【点拨】B句意“-你在这里工作了多长时间了?-仅仅1个月”。A.多久一次(问频率);B.多长(问时间长短和长度);C.多久(后接一般将来时,且用in+一段时间回答);D.多少(问数量,后接不可数名词)。根据For just one month“仅仅一个月”可知,问时间长短,用how long,故选B。
4. —______ did you sleep last night?
—Only five hours. I stayed up late to do my homework.
A. How soon B. How often C. How long D. How much
【答案】C
【解析】
词义辨析。how long 指时间或长度,意为“多长”; how soon 指时间“多久,多快”,常用于将来时;how often 指频率,“多久一次”;how much 指金钱“多少”。根据答语应为“多长”。
要点13
(1)Send v. 派遣去;命令……去
China send many people to work in Africa every year.
(2)send sb. sth. 或 send sth. to sb.意思是“送给某人某物”。
Jim sent me a book on my twelfth birthday.
(3)send sb. sth.=send sth.to sb.把某物寄给某人。
Please send me a book. =Please send a book to me. 请寄给我一本书。
由send构成的短语:
send for 派人去请 send up 发射
send out 分发  send off 寄出
【典例分析】
1.去年男孩的父母把他送到一所特殊的学校。
The boy's parents     him     a special school last year.
【点拨】sent to
2.—Where is Jenny?
—Oh,I sent her ________ some bread and milk in the supermarket.
A.buy B.buying C.to buy D. bought
【答案】
【解析】句意:“詹妮在哪儿?”“哦,我安排她去超市买一些面包和牛奶了。”send sb.to do sth.派遣某人做某事。它是固定搭配。
across、through和over
要点14
1. across “横过、穿过”,指从……的一边到另一边。含义与on有关。如:
I swam across the river. 我游过这条河(指从此岸到彼岸)
Let’s help push the cart across the bridge. 我们帮着把车子推过桥吧。
2. through “穿过、通过”指穿过两边。是从空间较狭窄的一头穿到另一头。是从内部穿过,含义与in有关。如:
We walked through the forest. 我们穿过森林。
The river flows through the city from west to east. 这条河从西到东流过城市。
3. over“横过、跨越”指横过道路、河流等“细长物”时,与across通用。over 虽可指从表面的接触及跳(飞)越,但指渡过则不能用。从房间、原野、海洋等“平面延伸”的一端横越到另一端时也不能使用。而常用across.
She went across / over the bridge.
He jumped across / over the stream他跳过了小溪。
She swam across the straight of Dover.她游过了多佛尔海峡。
They drove across the desert. 他们驶过沙漠。
另外,over作介词还有“翻过……”的意思,如:climb over the mountain 翻过那座山。
【典例分析】
1.The post office is just ____ the street.
A. over B. through C. across D. cross
【点拨】C 在。。对面。
2. If you ____ the street, you’ll get there.
A. over B. through C. across D. cross
【点拨】B 穿过街道。用through。
3. ---Look, a blind man is in the middle of the street. It’s too dangerous.
---Let’s go and help him go ______________ the road.
A. through B. past C. across D. over
【点拨】C句意:---快看,一位盲人正站在街道中间。那时很危险的。---让我们去帮助他过马路吧。考查易混介词辨析。根据用法across:强调“通过、穿过”地点的平面或表面。through:强调“通过、穿过“立体空间的内部。past:强调“绕过,在旁边经过”。over:强调“跨过、越过或翻越而过”。再根据句中地点street为平面表面。故选C。
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要点15
1.? ?邀请某人做某事 2.??演讲比赛
3. ?考虑 4.??编造
5.?停止做某事 ??? 6.?一等奖
7.??此时,现在 8. 例如
9.??要去某人做某事 10.?环游世界
11.? ?一个十五岁的男孩 12.?一双
13.? ?与.......不同 ? ? 14.?倒数,倒计时
15.?把某人送去做某事 16.?参加竞赛
17剩余的 18.到目前为止
19期待做某事 20.而且
【答案】1.invite?sb to do sth 2. speaking?competition 3. ?think about 4. make up 5. stop doing sth
6.?the first prize 7.at the moment 8. ?for example ? 9. ask sb to do sth 10. travel around the world
11. a fifteen-year-old boy 12. a pair of ? 13. be different from 14. ?count down 15. send sb to do sth ?
16. enter a competition 17. .?the rest of ? 18. so far 19. look forward to doing sth. 20.what' s more
构成
现在完成时是由“助动词have(has)+动词的过去分词”构成
用法
(1)表示动作发生在过去某个不确定的时间,但对现在产生了某种影响或造成了某种结果。句中常有just, already, yet等副词修饰。(注意与一般过去时的区别)
Have you had lunch yet? 你已经吃过午饭了吗?
Yes, I have. I’ve just had it. 是的,我刚刚吃过。
(2)表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。这个动作可能刚停止,也可能仍然在进行。句中常有for(+时间段)或since(+时间点)引导的表示时间的状语。(注意与现在进行时态和过去进行时态的区别)
He has taught here since 1981.
表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作,现在成为一种经历,一般意为汉语“.......过”,常带有twice, ever, never,three times等时间状语。
I have been to Beijing twice.我去过北京两次。
just 刚刚
肯定句,have/has 后
never 从来没有
否定句,have/has 后
ever 曾经
疑问句,have/has +主语+ever+过去分词
before
用于句末
yet 仍然
用于疑问句,否定句句末,或not之后
already 已经
肯定句,have/has 后或句末
so far 到目前为止
句首或句末
【语法练习】
用just, already, yet, ever填空。
Have you been to Japan?
I have finished my homework.
I have finished my homework .
I haven’t finished my homework .
【答案】1.ever 2.already /just 3.already 4.yet
二、选择题
1.—Mum, I want to watch the news about our school. Change the channel, please!(2020江苏镇江)
—What a pity! It is eight o'clock now. It___________ for a while.
A. has been over B. was over C. has finished D. finished
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——妈妈,我想看我们学校的新闻。请换频道!——真遗憾!现在是八点钟。它已经结束一段时间了。
考查动词时态。has been over已经结束了,现在完成时;was over结束了,一般过去时;has finished已经结束了,现在完成时;finished结束,一般过去时。根据语境可知,学校新闻已经结束了,这件事对“现在不能观看了”产生了影响,故应为现在完成时,故排除B、D两项。另句中for a while表示一段时间,与现在完成时连用时,应用延续性动词,而动词finish为瞬时性动词,不能在现在完成时中与一段时间连用,故排除C项。be over表示延续性动作,可在现在完成时中与时间段连用,即has been over。故选A。
2.—It's ten years since we came here(2019,安徽卷)
—How time flies! We ____ in China for so long.
A. work B. worked C. will work D. have worked
【答案】D
【解析】句意:-自从我们来到这里已经有10年了。-时间过得真快啊!我们在中国工作了这么长时间了。work工作,动词原形;worked工作,一般过去时;will work一般将来时;have worked现在完成时。根据对话的情景以及句中的时间状语for so long可知,这里表示从过去一直持续到现在的一个动作,应用现在完成时,故选D。
3 — The room is very clean. Who __________? (2019·西宁中考)
A. cleaned B. have cleaned C. has cleaned D. will clean
【答案】C
【解析】现在完成时的基本用法:表示过去的动作对现在产生的结果或影响。“房间很干净,”这是现在的结果。是由“clean”这个动作产生的。Clean 这个动作是过去发生的,但结果是现在房间是干净的。所以要用现在完成时态。考查现在完成时最基本的定义。Who 做主语,用单数。
4. Have you ever _________to the Great Wall? It’s very beautiful.
A. gone B. been C. went D. go
【答案】B
【解析】have been to 去过某地, have gone to 去了某地。(不再说话的地方)故用:have gone to
三、完成句子
1.— 杰克已经买了新手机吗?(yet)
— 没,他还没买新手机。(yet)
【答案】 Has Jack bought a new mobile phone yet?
No. He hasn’t bought a new one yet.
2. 你曾参观过博物馆吗?(ever)
— 没,我没有。我从未参观过博物馆。(never)
【答案】Have you ever visited the museum yet?
No, I haven‘t. I have never visited the museum.
3. — 你曾在图书馆借过书没有?(ever)
— 有啊,我借过。我已借了三次了。(already)
【答案】Have you ever borrowed books from your library?
Yes, I have. I have ever borrowed books 3 times.
4.他已经找到他的自行车了。
【答案】 He has already found his bicycle.
5. 你曾经去过北京吗?
【答案】 Have you ever been to Beijing?
话题二:谈论个人经历
本模块的话题是“过去的经历”。在具体的写作中,学生应做到以下几点:
1.能描述经历过的事情;
2.能恰当运用逻辑词,使文章层次更清晰;
3.能运用现在完成时写作。
词汇积累
dream梦想 afford买得起 invite邀请 tower 塔
experience 经历;经验 unforgettable 难忘的
wonderful 精彩的 all over the world全世界
find out发现;揭发 look forward to展望;期待
be interested in 对……感兴趣 have a dream有一个梦想
take a bus乘公交车 can’t help doing sth.禁不住做某事
in a word总之
句式积累
1.Everyone has some unforgettable experiences.每个人都有一些难忘的经历。
2.I’ll never forget the first time I entered a singing competition.
我绝不会忘记我第一次参加歌唱比赛的情景。
3.I’m so glad to share my travelling experiences with you all.
我很高兴与你们分享我的旅游经历。
4.There are so many places to visit in China.在中国有许多能游览的地方。
5.There is only one thing in my mind that I’ll always remember.
只有一件事情我总记在我的脑海里。
6.She has never been to Beijing before.她以前从没有去过北京。
7.I hope I can have a chance to go there one day.我希望有一天我能有机会去那儿。
8.I’ve always wanted to travel all over the world.我总是想环游世界。
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【实战演练】
请你根据以下所给的提示内容,以“My holiday in Beijing”为题,介绍一下游览北京的经历。80词左右。
提示:
1.北京在中国的北方,是中国的首都,每年有许多游客来此旅游。
2.去过北京多次。
3.爬过长城,去过颐和园(the Summer Palace)和故宫(the Palace Museum),尝过北京烤鸭。
4.拍了许多照片,与外国人用英语交谈过。
My holiday in Beijing
My holiday in Beijing
Beijing is in the north of China. It is the capital of China. Thousands of people visit it every year.
I have been to Beijing many times. I have climbed the Great Wall, visited the Summer Palace and the Palace Museum. I have tasted Beijing duck, too. It's very delicious. We have taken lots of photos in Beijing. And I have talked to foreigners in English there. I think it's helpful to my English study.
Beijing is a beautiful and old city. I am proud of Beijing
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