情景交际的定义及方法
情景交际就是在一个特定的场景怎样用你所学得的英语语言跟他人正确地进行交流。由于我们学习英语缺少足够丰富的语言环境,想要掌握情景交际的技能,一个看似老套却很实用的方法便是,从一开始的“有口无心”变成后来的“有口有心”,意思是,平时多积累短语、词汇、句型、对话等,在遇到需要你展现口头交际能力的场景时语言就会脱口而出,那些在不知不觉中积累的语言材料便成了你滔滔不绝的源泉。
小学阶段情景交际的常用问句归纳
1. 问候(Greetings)
(1)“Good morning!”是自早晨起床后到中午十二点间的问候语。“Good afternoon!”用于下午(12点~6点左右)。晚饭后至睡觉前用“Good evening!”。如果是朋友、平辈之间,可以用“Hi/Hello!”来打招呼。
Hi比Hello 更随便一些。 在英语中,一般把称呼放在问候语的后面,如“Good evening, Mr. Green.”(格林先生,晚上好。)
小学阶段情景交际的常用问句归纳
1. 问候(Greetings)
(2)“How are you?”用于询问对方身体状况,回答时常用 “Fine(I'm fine/I'm OK), thank you.” 也可根据自己的实际情况,回答“Not bad. (不坏)/ Just so so. (一般)”或者“ I'm not fine. (不好)/I feel ill. (生病了)”
如果对方身体不适,可以询问:How do you feel now?/How are you feeling now?/Are you feeling better now?
小学阶段情景交际的常用问句归纳
1. 问候(Greetings)
(3)“How do you do?”(您好!)“Nice to meet you.”(见到你很高兴。)这两句多用于双方初次见面时寒暄语或是互不认识的双方经介绍后表达对对方的问候,另一方回答同一句话。若再次相见常用Nice to see you.或Nice to see you again.
小学阶段情景交际的常用问句归纳
2. 告别(Farewells)
“Goodbye.”是比较正式的告别语。其他的告别用语还有:See you (soon). (再见)
/See you later./See you tomorrow.(明天见)
/Good night.(晚安)
在一些非正式场合,熟人特别是小孩之间还常用:Bye?bye./Bye.
小学阶段情景交际的常用问句归纳
3. 感谢(Thanks)
在英语语言国家,“Thank you”比中国人的
“谢谢”使用场合要多得多。
向别人表示感谢有多种方法:
Thank you(very much)./Many thanks./
Thanks (a lot)./It's very kind of you.
“Thank you.”的语气较强于“Thanks.”
回答别人的感谢也有多种表示方法:
That's OK./That's all right./You're welcome./
Not at all./It's my pleasure./Don't mention it.
小学阶段情景交际的常用问句归纳
4. 道歉(Apologies)
(1)常用的表示歉意的句式有:
“Excuse me”和 “Sorry”。
另外,加强语气说:I'm so sorry.(真对不起。)/
I feel terribly sorry. (实在是对不起。)
常用的答句有:That's OK./That's all right./
It doesn't matter. /Never mind.
(2)当你向别人问路、打听时间、借东西、插话
等需要打扰或麻烦别人时,用“Excuse me.”
当你说错话、认错人、迟到、不能回答对方
问题等,向别人道歉时用“sorry”。
5. 邀请(Invitations)
表示邀请时语气都应比较客气,可在句子后面
或前面加please;征求别人意见或需要时,用
“Would you…?”更为客气和礼貌。
对方常用“Yes,please./Yes,I'd love to.”
或“No,thanks.”来回答。
小学阶段情景交际的常用问句归纳
6. 请求(Asking for permission)
在交际中,帮助别人或请求别人帮助都不可缺少,
因此,学会在不同场合使用正确得体的语言是很必要的。
(1)请求别人做某事时,我们可以说: “Can(Could)you…?/Would you…? /…please.”
“Could you do me a favour?”是很婉转、很客气的用法。
(2)请求别人允许自己做某事时,我们常用句型:
Let me…,please./Can I…?/May I…?/Shall I…?
小学阶段情景交际的常用问句归纳
6. 请求(Asking for permission)
(3)Pardon? (请您再说一遍好吗?)
用于没听清楚对方的话,请求对方再重复一遍,
说的时候要用升调。
(4)关于请求的几种回答:
表示肯定:Certainly./Sure./Of course.
/With pleasure./OK./I'd love to, (but)…
表示否定:Sorry, I (you)can't./I'm afraid I can't.
小学阶段情景交际的常用问句归纳
7. 介绍(Introductions)
(1)介绍物的位置、形状、大小、颜色等,有其独
有句式来叙述,同学们一定要遵守其规则。
另外也要多阅读,积累知识,使自己叙述起
来更加游刃有余。
(2)尊重他人礼仪习惯,不要贸然去问一些隐私的
问题,这是被视为极不礼貌的。
(3)朋友聚会时,应先将男士介绍给女士,先将年
轻人介绍给年长的人,然后双方相互说:
“Nice to meet you.” 一般不握手,即使是熟人、
朋友见面时,也只是点头寒暄几句,互相问好。
小学阶段情景交际的常用问句归纳
8. 劝告(Advice)
(1)关于劝告的常用语中常用don't,can't,
must, shouldn't,should 等词来强调。
如:Don't take off your coat./
You can't sit there./You must go now!
(2)在回答劝告句式时,若表示接受劝告,
可答:“OK/All right.”
在表示歉意时,可答:“Sorry.”或“I'm sorry.”
小学阶段情景交际的常用问句归纳
9. 建议(Suggestions)
(1)表示建议的常用语中常用Let's, Shall,
What, Would you, How about…等词。
如:Let's open the box./ Look at the bird./
Shall we get her some flowers?
(2)在应答建议时,可加以描述“How nice!/
It's lovely./Sounds good.”
回答“Shall…?”句型用“Yes.”
或“Good/Great.”等
小学阶段情景交际的常用问句归纳
10. 打电话(Making telephone calls)
(1)电话接通时,打电话的人应先打招呼“Hello.” 但国外许多人在接电话时就习惯说Hello,并
报出自己的电话号码,
如:“Hello, this is 3367543.”
打电话的对方就可接着开始询问: “May/Could/Can I speak to…?/
Is…in/there,please?”
(2)当你想知道对方是谁时,应委婉地说: “Who's that speaking/calling, please?”
小学阶段情景交际的常用问句归纳
10. 打电话(Making telephone calls)
(3)当对方恰是你要找的人时,你应当说:
“It's… here.”做自我介绍。
如不是时,你可以委婉地问其何时在家以便下次通话,也可托人捎口信,
如 :“Could you take a message for me?”
别忘了表示感谢,接电话方可用“Sure.”
或“Certainly.”/“Sorry, I'll go out.”来回答。
小学阶段情景交际的常用问句归纳
10. 打电话(Making telephone calls)
(4)如果来电话说要找某人,你可以说:
“(Wait for)A minute./A moment./Just a minute, please.”
或“Hold on, please.”
如果要找的人不在,通常用“Sorry, but he/she is out.”
找到该人后,可对他说“It's for you./It's your phone call.
/A phone call for you.”或简单地说:“For you.”
小学阶段情景交际的常用问句归纳
11. 购物(Shopping)
(1)生活中,我们常常需要外出购物,因此需要 熟记所学的购物短语。
(2)在运用数词表示物品的价格时,要注意数词后的单位名称不能丢掉,yuan 是人民币“元”的译音,它没有复数形式。
小学阶段情景交际的常用问句归纳
11. 购物(Shopping)
(3)购物时,营业员常用的一些短语:
Can I help you? 要帮忙吗?
What would you like? 你想要点什么?
Anything else? 还要点别的吗?
How about…?……怎么样?
What colour/size…? ……什么颜色(多大号码)?
What (else) do you want? 你还要点(别的)什么?
What do you like? 你喜欢什么?
Here's your change. 找给你的钱。
小学阶段情景交际的常用问句归纳
11. 购物(Shopping)
(4)如果营业员招呼你买东西,而你又无购物的意思时,你可以说:“No, thank you.”(不,谢谢。) 当你认为对方报价太高时,还可以同营业员讨价还价:“No! …yuan, OK?”
小学阶段情景交际的常用问句归纳
12. 问路(Asking the way)
(1)问路时, 应首先说一声“Excuse me.”等礼貌用语。
如:A:Excuse me.Where's the cinema?
B:It's over there.
(2)礼貌地向别人问路。
如:Can/Would you tell me how to get to the post office?
Excuse me. Could you tell me the way to the station,please?
Excuse me. Which is the way to the Bank of China?
小学阶段情景交际的常用问句归纳
13. 看病(Seeing a doctor)
(1)What's wrong with you?你哪儿不舒服?
医生用语。还可以说成“What's the matter with you?”。
(2)I have a (bad)cold/cough/fever/headache…
我得了重感冒/咳嗽/发烧/头痛……
(3)How long have you been like this?像这样多久了?
(4)I have been like this for two days.我这样有两天了。
小学阶段情景交际的常用问句归纳
13. 看病(Seeing a doctor)
(5)Nothing serious.不太严重。
(6)Take these pills three times a day.请服用这些药,每天三次。
Three times a day.每天三次。类似的短语还有“Two days
a week.一周两天;Once a year.一年一次”。
(7)You'd better stay in bed for two days.你最好卧床两天。
此句是医生的建议,用You'd better开头,语气委婉,其
否定形式为:You'd better not…。
小学阶段情景交际的常用问句归纳
小学阶段情景交际的常用问句归纳如下:
①What time did you go home yesterday?
②What's the weather like today?
③Is your home near your school?
④Which class are you in?
⑤Is it Wednesday today?
⑥How many days are there in a week?What are they?
⑦How many people are there in your family?Who are they?
⑧English is very important, do you think so?
⑨What's your favorite sport /colour / fruit /food/ subject?
⑩What's your favorite English song?
小学阶段情景交际的常用问句归纳如下:
?Do you like your English teacher?
?How many subjects did you learn last term?
?What do you do at the weekend?
?What's your father/mother?
?What do you do in the morning?
?Do you like PE or English? Why?
?What do you have at school?
?What grade/class are you in?
?Can you play the piano?
?Do you like traveling /shopping/English?
?Is your mother a teacher?
?When is your birthday?
?What can you do?
?How many meals are there in a day? What are they?
小学阶段情景交际的常用问句归纳如下:
注意:
1.不要答非所问,推敲问句的意思再做回答(通过疑问词看问的是什么)。
2.对于对方的邀请、请求,若是不同意,不能直接回绝,这样不够委婉,虽然 语意上没什么错误,但是不符合英语国家的交际习惯。
3.注意英、汉两种语言的差异。对于对方的称赞应该欣然接受并且表示感谢,不要过于谦虚。换成大家能记得的一句话:拒绝老外要委婉,老外称赞别客气!
例1 给下面十道题找到各自的好伙伴。
情景交际搭配
1. Can I help you?
2. What day is it today?
3. What is the date today?
4. What time do you usually get up?
5. How do you usually go to school?
6. Shall we go to the park this Sunday?
7. How many students are there in your class?
8. Were there any fruit trees on the farm?
9. How much are they?
10. How are you?
A:They are fifty yuan.
B:It's the 10th of January.
C:There are fifty.
D:That's a good idea.
E:Some apples please.
F:Yes,there were.
G:It's Sunday.
H:At about seven.
I:Fine, thank you!
J:By bike.
1. ( ) 2. ( ) 3. ( ) 4. ( ) 5. ( )
6. ( ) 7. ( ) 8. ( ) 9. ( ) 10. ( )
做情景交际搭配题和做句型题中的选择题有相似的地方,选择题是要求选择出合适的选项,情景搭配题是要求根据上一句选择出合适的下一句。在答题时有一个又省时、正确率又高的方法——排除法。上一句如果是一般疑问句,答案范围就缩小在句首是Yes/No的选项中;一般疑问句的开头是be动词,答句中就有be动词,开头是助动词,答句中就有该助动词。如果是特殊疑问句,就要判定疑问词的意思,再作答。如果是建议或者请求,那么答句就应该是赞同或者婉拒等等。因答句要符合以英语为母语的国家的语言交际习惯,所以提前要做的功课是:了解英语国家的风土人情和中国的文化差异等。语言习惯的不同点:如英语国家对于别人的赞扬欣然接受并表示感谢,而更符合中国人语言习惯的便是谦虚一下,这样才显得更有礼貌等等。
答案 1.E 2.G 3.B 4.H 5.J
6.D 7.C 8.F 9.A 10.I
情景会话
例2 选择合适的应答。
1. 当别人对你说“Your English is very nice!”时,你可以说:________
A. Of course. B. Not at all. C. Thank you.
2. 当你看到朋友的脸色不太好,可能身体不舒服时,你会说:________
A. What's wrong with you?
B. Why your face is not good?
C. Let's go to the hospital.
情景会话
例2 选择合适的应答。
3. 当你去商店买东西的时候,营业员会
对你说:________
A. What do you want to buy?
B. Can I help you?
C. Do you want to buy something?
4. 当你上课迟到时,你会对老师说:________
A. I am late for class.
B. I don't late next time.
C. I am sorry, I' m late.
5. 当你初次与别人见面你会说:________
A. How do you do? B. Hi. C. Hello.
无论是情景选择也好,情景搭配也好,最终的目的是学会如何来情景会话,情景会话是情景交际当中相对来说最难掌握的一个部分,有点类似于书面表达中的对话,不同点是要求你能够在不同的情景中用英语表达出来你想要说的话。
答案 1. C 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. A
场景对话
例3 根据场景补全对话。
(A)场景:Tom的电脑坏了,身为朋友的你愿意提供一些帮助。
A: Hi, Tom! ________ you have a nice weekend?
B: Yes, but now, my computer ________ work. I think something is ________.
A: I'm ____ to hear that. Is it a new ______?
B: Yes, my grandparents bought it ________ me yesterday.
A: Don't worry. My sister is ________ at computer studies. Perhaps she can
________ you.
B: That's good. Let's ______ and ask for ________ at once.
A: OK. Let's go!
场景对话
例3 根据场景补全对话。
(B)场景:你的同学Nick今天没来上学,他感冒了,
你打算和其他同学放学后带些药和水果去看他。
A:Where is Nick?
B:He ________ at home.
A:What's wrong ________ him?
B:He has got a ________.
A:Let's go and ________ him after school.
B:OK. I can get some ________ and ________ for him
学会场景对话是一个非常实用的技能,任何一种语言,学习的目的首先是与他人进行交流,所以在学习情景交际时,除了上课认真听讲之外,还要寻找一切可以用英语交流的机会,要做到敢于表达,不怕出错,多多练习,勤加练习。
答案
(A)Did, doesn't, wrong, sorry, computer, for, good, help, go, help
(B)is/ stays, with, cold, see, medicine, fruit