Unit
3 Diverse
Cultures
Discovering
Useful
Structures
省略(Ellipsis)
Dialogue
1:
Dialogue
2:
观察上面的对话,
并补出下划线部分省略的成分
1.
I’m
glad
to
go
with
you.
?
2.
Why
are
not
the
buses
running?
?
一、“省略”的定义
在用英语表达时,
将句子中的某些成分省去,
这种语言现象叫做省略。
Amy
took
out
a
book
and
(Amy)
handed
it
to
me.
艾米拿出一本书给了我。
该句中and后的主语Amy与句首的主语是重复的,
故将后面的主语省略。
判断下面的句子是不是省略句(填“是”或“否”)
1.
It
sounds
good
to
me.
(否)
2.
Sounds
good.
(是)
3.
Come
on.
(是)
4.
Is
there
something
wrong?
(否)
5.
In
your
own
chair.
(是)
二、“省略”的原因
1.
避免重复
当句子有重复的词或结构复杂时,
可省略某些重复的词或不必要的部分。如:
(Does)
Anyone
want
a
drink?
有人想要喝一杯吗?
I’m
studying
at
high
school
and
my
sister
(is
studying)
in
primary
school.
我在上高中,
我妹妹在上小学。
2.
简洁实用
(I’m)
Coming.
(我)来啦。
(It)
Doesn’t
matter.
(它)不要紧。
3.
句法允许
He
got
up
at
six
(o’clock).
他六点(钟)起床。
This
dictionary
costs
seven
(dollars)
thirty
(cents).
这本词典的费用是7美元30美分。
What
a
hot
day
(it
is)!
多热的天呀!
选出下列省略句的省略原因
(①避免重复;
②简洁实用;
③句法允许)
1.
Sorry
to
hear
that.
(②)
2.
How
beautiful!
(②③)
3.
My
father
is
a
doctor
and
my
mother
a
nurse.
(①)
4.
Get
up
6,
breakfast
6:
30,
leave
6:
50.
(①③)
三、“省略”的用法
Ⅰ.
简单句中的省略
省略部分
用法说明
主语
在祈使句中和不易引起歧义时省略
宾语
在口语对话中双方都知道宾语是谁时,
省略该宾语;
并列谓语后有多个相同宾语时,
只保留最后一个宾语
表语
后文有与前文完全相同的表语时省略
(部分)谓语
后文有与前文完全相同的谓语时省略;
不影响句意的部分谓语也可以省略
主谓结构或谓语及其他
不影响句意的主谓结构或者对话中与前文重复的谓语及其他部分可以省略
动词不定式
某些特定动词后有带to的动词不定式时省略其中的动词或整个动词不定式
其他部分
冠词、介词、连词或名词所有格后的名词等不影响句意的部分可省略
1.
省略主语
(You)
Open
the
door,
please.
请开一下门。
(I)Thank
you
for
your
help.
谢谢你的帮助
2.
省略宾语
—Do
you
know
Mr
Li?
你认识李先生吗?
—I
don’t
know
(him).
我不认识他。
She
washed(the
shirt),
ironed(the
shirt),
and
folded
the
shirt.
她洗了衬衫,
并且把它熨好、折叠好。
3.
省略表语
—Are
you
thirsty?
你渴吗?
—Yes,
I
am(thirsty).
是的,
我渴了。
4.
省略(部分)谓语
(Is)
Anything
wrong?
有什么问题吗?
5.
省略主谓结构或谓语及其他
—What
did
he
say?
他说了什么?
—(He
said)
Nothing.
(他)没(说)什么。
(Are
you)Swimming
in
the
sea?
(你)在海里游泳吗?
—I
won’t
join
them.
我不和他们一起。
—Why
(will
you
not
join
them)?
为什么(你不和他们一起)?
6.
动词不定式
—Are
you
going
there?
你打算去那里吗?
—Yes,
I’d
like
to
(go
there).
是的,
我想(去那里)。
I
saw
her
enter
the
classroom.
我看见她进了教室。
在感官动词后作宾语补足语的动词常省略to,
但是在被动语态中,
to要带上。
7.
其他部分
The
noun
is
the
name
of
a
person
or
(a)
thing.
名词是人和物的名称。
I’ll
arrive
(on)
Friday.
我将星期五到。
The
book
is
Tom’s
(book).
这本书是汤姆的(书)。
用“=”划掉句中可以省略的部分(忽略大小写)。
Ⅱ.
复合句中的省略
句式
用法说明
并列句
后一分句中与前一分句中的相同部分,
若不影响句意,
则可以省略
名词性从句
宾语从句中的that无特殊情况时,
一般可以省略that
定语从句
关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语且前面无介词时,
可以省略关系代词
状语从句
(1)状语从句的主语和主句的主语相同,
且从句后有系动词be的某种形式时,
从句的主语和系动词可以同时省略(2)从句与主句中相同部分也可以省略
谚语警句
在某些谚语中,
可省略主句和从句的不影响句意的部分
Some
of
us
study
Japanese
and
others
(study)
English.
我们有些人学习日语;
其他人学习英语。
I
know
(that)she
is
a
teacher
and
that
she
is
an
excellent
writer.
我知道她是一个老师,
也是一个优秀的作家。
The
man
(whom)you
saw
yesterday
fell
ill.
你昨天见到的那个人生病了。
While(I
was)walking
along
the
street,
I
heard
my
name
called.
当我正沿街而行时,
我听到有人叫我的名字。
The
sooner
(you
do
it),
the
better
(it
will
be).
越早越好。
用省略句式补全句子。
1.
Someone
has
used
my
bike,
but
I
don’t
know
who.
?
有人用了我的自行车,
但我不知道是谁。
2.
Sorry
I’ve
kept
you
waiting
so
long.
?
对不起,
让你久等了。
3.
The
man
I
saw
is
called
Smith.
?
我见到的那个人名叫史密斯。
4.
While
waiting,
I
was
reading
some
magazines.
?
我一边看杂志,
一边等。
5.
I
know
you
can
do
better
than
he.
?
我知道你能比他做得更好。
使用本单元所学语法知识补全短文
After
breakfast,
Mom
was
doing
housework
in
the
kitchen.
She
talked
to
Tom
1.
while
washing
bowls
(洗碗时)
and
plates.
She
said
to
Tom,
“Dear
son.
2.
Look
out
for
cars
when
crossing
the
street(过街时当心车辆).
”
Tom
usually
said
to
his
mom
“3.
See
you
(再见),
mom.
”However,
this
time,
she
heard
nothing.
Tom
hurriedly
left
home
4.
as
if
anxious
(好像很着急).
She
5.
considered
Tom
rude
(认为汤姆很无礼)
this
time,
but
she
6.
didn’t
know
why
(不知道为什么).
She
thought
she
would
7.
make
Tom
realize
(让汤姆意识到)
his
wrong
doings
when
he
came
back
from
school.
?
PAGEUnit
3 Diverse
Cultures
单元脉图·素养导引
Listening,
Speaking
&
Talking
聆听经典·话题热身
英文歌曲San
Francisco(《旧金山》)是电影《阿甘正传》的主题曲。这首歌诞生于1967年,
当时的美国处于越南战争时期。歌曲除了赞美旧金山的城市风貌外,
还抒发了作者呼唤和平,
思念家乡的情感。?
注:
听音填空
San
Francisco
If
you’re
going
to
San
Francisco,
be
sure
to
wear
some
①flowers
in
your
hair.
If
you’re
going
to
San
Francisco,
you’re
gonna
meet
some
②gentle
people
there.
For
those
who
come
to
San
Francisco,
③summer
time
will
be
a
love-in
there.
In
the
streets
of
San
Francisco,
gentle
people
with
flowers
in
their
hair.
All
across
the
nation
such
a
④strange
vibration.
People
in
motion.
There’s
a
whole
⑤generation
with
a
new
explanation.
People
in
motion.
For
those
who
come
to
San
Francisco,
be
sure
to
wear
some
flowers
in
your
hair.
If
you
come
to
San
Francisco,
summer
time
will
be
a
love-in
there.
If
you
come
to
San
Francisco,
summer
time
will
be
a
love-in
there.
译文:
旧金山
如果你要去旧金山,
请别忘了在头上插上鲜花。
如果你要去旧金山,
你将遇到一些温柔善良的人。
对于那些要去旧金山的人,
夏日会是美好的时光。
在旧金山的街道上,
和善的人们头上插着鲜花。
整个国度都充满了莫名的振奋。
人们在改变。
整整一代人,
他们用新的想法诠释人生。
人们在改变。
对于那些要去旧金山的人,
请别忘了在头发插上鲜花。
如果你要去旧金山,
夏日会是美好的时光。
如果你要去旧金山,
夏日会是美好的时光。
听说训练·话题实践
Activity
1 Listening
and
Speaking?
Talk
about
the
origins
of
American
food
主题情境交流
1.
A:
My
favorite
dish
is
Mapo
tofu
or
①spicy
beancurd
(辛辣的豆腐).
?
B:
I
like
American
food.
You
know,
like
②fortune
cookies
(幸运曲奇).
?
2.
A:
You
just
drank
some
water.
Let
me
get
you
③some
chips(一些薯片).
?
B:
Oh,
thanks.
Would
you
like
to
pass
me
④some
cheese(一些奶酪)?
?
A:
Of
course.
Here
it
is.
3.
A:
And
everyone
knows
that
Americans’
favorite
food
is
the
⑤hamburger(汉堡),
isn’t
it?
B:
Sure.
To
⑥seek
(寻求)
convenience,
people
just
don’t
care
whether
it
is
healthy
or
not.
4.
A:
Hey,
waiter.
What
do
you
recommend?
B:
I
definitely
recommend
the
⑦Chinese-style
cold
noodles
(中式冷面).
It’s
our
specialty.
?
A:
I
trust
you.
Please
get
me
one.
5.
A:
Do
you
serve
anything
else
besides
drinks?
B:
We
also
serve
⑧sandwiches
and
cakes(三明治和蛋糕).
?
A:
Give
me
two
pieces
of
cake.
Pronunciation
意群的划分原则
1.
什么是意群?
意群是按照意思和语法结构分为若干在意思上相对完整且在语法上密切联系的句子片段。
2.
意群划分基本原则
①冠词与名词,
如an
English
novel;
②形容词与名词,
如that
red-blue
pencil;
③系动词与表语,
如is
a
problem;
④介词短语,
如in
front
of
the
building;
⑤动词不定式短语,
如to
believe
the
evil
rumor;
⑥分词短语,
如facing
the
south;
⑦动名词短语,
如seeing
him
happy;
⑧动词及其主语或宾语,
如received
a
letter;
⑨副词与动词,
如has
been
working
hard;
⑩关系词与从句,
如which
moved
us
deeply;
连词与后面的部分,
如either
by
boat
or
by
train。
听录音,
用“/”符号为下面的句子划分意群
1.
There
are
only
two
windows
/
in
that
room.
2.
He
said
/
that
he
would
do
better
/
in
his
English
study.
3.
We
worked
/
with
the
workers
there
/
and
learned
a
lot
/
from
them.
4.
The
forest
had
been
green
/
in
the
summer
/
when
we
had
come
into
the
town.
5.
Last
Sunday
evening,
/
most
of
my
classmates
/
went
to
the
Christmas
party
/
held
by
Mr
John.
【听力速记技巧】
在听英语听力材料时,
可以使用以下几种方法快速记录关键信息。
1.
缩略词法:
把单个或某些词及短语用一个或几个简单字母来代替。如:
information→INFO;
I
owe
you→IOU;
Extra
large→XL;
for
your
reference=FYR
等。
2.
符号法:
用“+”表示“多(many,
lots
of)或者和(and,
as
well
as)”;
用“-”表示“少(little,
few,
lack)”;
用“?
”表示“问题(question,
issue)”,
用“→”表示“lead
to,
result
in,
arrive
at,
send
to等。
Activity
2 Listening
and
Talking?
Talk
about
ethnic
minority
cultures
in
China
Ⅰ.
话题词汇
1.
ethnic
minority
少数民族
2.
Autonomous
Region
自治区
3.
geographical
location
地理位置
4.
the
Miao
people
苗族人
5.
the
Water-Splashing
Festival
泼水节
6.
Manchu
group/minority
满族
7.
believe
in
信仰
8.
earrings
and
long
gowns
耳饰和长袍
Ⅱ.
情景交际
A:
Why
are
there
so
many
yellow
things?
1.
Is
yellow
the
lucky
color
in
China?
(在中国,
黄色是幸运色吗?
)?
B:
Oh,
no.
In
fact,
yellow
is
2.
the
symbol
of
(……的象征)
the
royal
family.
?
A:
Just
like
the
pattern
dragon,
right?
B.
3.
Exactly
(没错).
Here
is
the
Nine-dragon
screen.
A:
Oh,
it’s
really
beautiful.
I
wanna
4.
take
a
picture
(拍个照)here.
?
B:
Sure,
this
is
really
a
good
picture.
Ⅰ.
话题词汇
1.
clothing
服饰;
服装
2.
have
a
population
of
有……人口
3.
marriage
customs
婚俗
4.
Yunnan-Guzhou
Plateau
云贵高原
5.
mountainous
areas
山区
6.
Lusheng
芦笙
7.
musical
instrument
乐器
8.
the
largest
ethnic
group
最大的少数民族
Ⅱ.
话题句式
1.
Since
Qin
dynasty,
Chinese
various
ethnic
groups
have
lived
together
as
a
single
nation.
自秦朝以来,
中国各民族就作为一个单一民族生活在一起。
2.
Today
in
China,
there
are
56
ethnic
groups
including
the
Han.
今天,
中国共有56个民族,
包括汉族在内。
3.
Of
the
55
minority
groups,
the
largest
is
the
Zhuang
people,
with
more
than
15
million
people.
在55个少数民族中,
最大的是壮族,
有1500多万人口。
4.
Manchu
minority
can
be
found
in
most
China’s
large
cities.
中国大多数大城市都有满族人居住。
5.
In
Manchu
culture,
eating
the
meat
of
dog
or
any
product
coming
from
dog
is
shunned.
在满族文化中,
吃狗肉或任何狗肉制品都是禁忌。
6.
Only
a
small
part
of
Manchu
people
are
still
keeping
the
custom.
只有一小部分人仍然保持着这种习惯。
7.
The
Dai
people
like
sticky,
spicy
and
acid
food.
傣族人喜欢吃糯食、辣食和酸食。
8.
You
should
take
shoes
off
at
the
door
when
you
enter
into
a
bamboo
house.
当你进入竹屋时,
你应该把鞋子脱下并放在门口。
9.
The
Water-Splashing
Festival
is
the
traditional
festival
of
the
Dai
minority.
泼水节是傣族的传统节日。
10.
Their
clothing
has
distinctive
features
which
vary
from
place
to
place.
他们的服装各具特色且各地也不相同。
PAGEUnit
3 Diverse
Cultures
Reading
and
Thinking
词汇知识·自主学习
Ⅰ.
根据语境识记单词
1.
根据语境写出黑体词的汉语意思
(1)This
microwave
has
a
computer
chip.
(芯片)
(2)I
never
eat
snacks,
cheese
and
hamburgers.
(奶酪)
(3)Chengdu
is
famous
for
its
delicious
spicy
food.
(辛辣的)
(4)China
has
56
ethnic
groups.
(民族)
(5)They
have
accomplished
their
mission
successfully.
(使命)
(6)Fire
destroyed
several
stores
in
the
business
district.
(区域)
(7)I’d
rather
you
knew
that
now,
than
afterwards.
(以后)
(8)America
is
an
immigrant
country.
(移民)
(9)A
travel
journal
is
one
of
the
best
ways
to
keep
a
long
journey
in
memory.
(日记)
(10)This
is
a
diagram
of
our
school
yard.
(示意图)
2.
根据汉语提示写出英语单词
(1)diverse
traditions
多样的传统
(2)May
you
come
into
a
good
fortune!
祝你好运!
(3)admit
our
mistakes
承认我们的错误
(4)The
answer
is
definitely
the
latter.
答案肯定是后者。
(5)Miracles
sometimes
occur.
奇迹有时会发生。
(6)go
downtown
and
do
some
shopping
去市中心购物
(7)like
watching
historical
TV
plays喜欢看历史电视剧?
(8)seek
information
from
advertisements
从广告中寻求信息
(9)select
some
of
your
favorites挑选一些你最喜欢的
(10)claim
to
have
discovered
a
cure
for
the
disease
声称发现了该病的治疗方法
(11)all
kinds
of
minority
costumes
各种各样的少数民族服装
(12)as
a
way
to
escape
作为一种逃避方式
Ⅱ.
根据语境填入恰当的介、副词
1.
I’ll
find
out
the
address,
ring
you
back.
2.
She
and
her
child
headed
to
Beijing
last
Friday.
3.
The
band
arranged
for
a
series
of
concerts.
4.
Only
human
art
or
science
can
bring
about
peace.
5.
Try
to
eat
at
least
four
slices
of
bread
a
day.
6.
I
said
it
was
Tuesday,
but
in
fact
it
was
Monday.
7.
We
hope
to
move
to
the
countryside
in
the
near
future.
8.
Apart
from
good
service,
the
restaurant
serves
different
kinds
of
traditional
Fujian
dishes
to
its
customers.
9.
As
they
were
walking
around,
they
noticed
a
man
sat
against
a
tree.
10.
They
decided
to
open
up
an
office
in
the
downtown.
Ⅲ.
根据课文及汉意提示补全句子
1.
It
is
likely
that
(很可能)
Native
Americans
moved
to
California
at
least
fifteen
thousand
years
ago.
?
2.
I
have
to
admit
that
it
definitely
feels
good
to
be
back
in
the
city
again(再次回到这座城市).
?
3.
Many
of
the
people
living
here
(在这里住的人)
are
from
Mexico
or
Central
America.
?
4.
I
walked
around
looking
at
the
street
art
(欣赏街头艺术)
for
a
few
hours.
?
5.
To
earn
a
living
(为了谋生),
some
opened
up
shops
and
restaurants
in
Chinatown.
?
根据给出的构词规则写出下列单词
1.
名词后缀“-ity”,表示“性质,
状态,
程度”
diverse
adj.
→diversity n.
差异,
不同,
多样性
minor
adj.
→minority
n.
少数民族,
少数派/人
able
adj.
→ability
n.
能力
possible
adj.
→possibility
n.
可能性
real
adj.
→reality
n.
现实,
真实
2.
形容词后缀“-ical”或“-al”表示“……的,
有……性质的”
history
n.
→historical
adj.
有关历史的
politics
n.
→political
adj.
有关政治的
electric
n.
→electrical
adj.
与电有关的
music
n.
→musical
adj.
音乐的,
悦耳的
logic
n.
→logical
adj.
合逻辑的
阅读精析·合作学习
Task
1 框架宏观建构:
整体理解?
1.
Skim
the
passage
and
fill
in
the
blanks
2.
What
is
the
text
type
of
the
passage?
A.
History
novel.
B.
A
home
letter.
C.
Travel
journal.
D.
A
book
review.
答案:
C。
3.
What’s
the
main
idea
of
this
passage?
A.
The
history
of
San
Francisco.
B.
The
geography
of
San
Francisco.
C.
The
old
buildings
of
San
Francisco.
D.
The
diverse
cultures
of
San
Francisco.
答案:
D。
【寻技巧·提能力】
分类与组织信息
1.
分类信息就是先找出文章中的关键信息,
如日期、数字、地点、事件、观点等,
并把这些信息按类别归类。
2.
组织信息就是把分好类的信息按一定的顺序,
如新旧、多少、大小、种类、先后等顺序重新排列,
也可以把这些信息按分好类的顺序画出结构图表等。
Task
2 文本微观剖析:
细节探究?
1.
Choose
the
best
answer.
(1)Before
I
came
back
in
San
Francisco,
I
visited .
?
A.
the
Golden
Gate
Bridge
B.
Napa
Valley
C.
the
Mission
District
D.
Chinatown
(2)When
did
the
earthquake
happen
in
the
city
of
San
Francisco?
A.
In
1906.
B.
In
1848.
C.
In
1806.
D.
In
1948.
(3)Why
did
Chinese
immigrants
go
to
San
Francisco?
A.
To
enjoy
scenery.
B.
To
call
on
relatives.
C.
To
earn
money.
D.
To
receive
further
education.
(4)Where
did
the
writer
go
for
dinner?
A.
A
Cantonese
restaurant.
B.
A
jazz
bar.
C.
A
shop.
D.
A
Mexican
restaurant.
答案:
(1)～(4)BACA
2.
Reread
the
passage
and
fill
in
the
blanks.
San
Francisco
places
Events
and
cultures
The
whole
city
(1)rebuild
after
the
earthquake
in
1906;
There
are
many
beautiful
(2)old
buildings,
the
ocean
and
the
Golden
Gate
Bridge
The
Mission
District
One
of
the
oldest
parts
of
the
city;
The
centre
for
(3)art,
music
and
food;
Looked
at
the
modern
and
lively
street
art;
Ate
some
delicious
(4)noodles.
A
local
museum
The
museum
showed
the
(5)historical
changes
in
California;
The
museum
showed
how
America
was
built
by
(6)immigrants
from
different
countries
and
cultures
Chinatown
Enjoyed
the
food
in
a
Cantonese
restaurant
that
served
its
food
on
(7)china
plates.
The
Richmond
District
Going
to
(8)a
jazz
bar
tomorrow
evening.
3.
Long
sentence
analysis.
(1)And
what(感叹词)
a
city(表语)—a
city
that
was
able
to
rebuild
itself
(定语从句一)
after
the
earthquake(时间状语从句)
that
occurred
in
1906(定语从句二).
?
译文:
多么神奇的一座城市呀——一座1906年大地震后重建的城市。
(2)There
are
so
many
beautiful
old
buildings(there
be句型)—many(同位主语)
sitting
on
top
of
big
hills
(定语),
offering
great
views
of
the
city,
the
ocean,
and
the
Golden
Gate
Bridge.
(伴随状语)?
译文:
这里有许多美丽的古建筑——很多坐落于大山之巅,
城市、大海、金门大桥美景尽收眼底。
Task
3 阅读思维升华:
主题实践?
1.
Why
does
the
writer
mention
Chinese
immigrants
to
San
Francisco?
(Logical
Thinking逻辑性思维)
Because
Chinese
immigrants
really
did
a
lot
of
work
for
building
San
Francisco
and
also
brought
great
Chinese
culture
there.
Chinese
cultures
have
a
good
effect
on
the
cultures
in
San
Francisco.
?
2.
What’s
your
opinion
about
the
mix
of
cultures?
(Creative
Thinking
创造性思维)
The
mix
of
cultures
can
improve
the
development
of
a
nation,
but
the
diversity
of
culture
and
the
unique
feature
of
local
culture
must
be
observed.
?
要点精研·探究学习
1.
fortune
n.
机会;
运气;
财富;
命运
(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)Orange
trees
are
more
than
decoration;
they
are
a
symbol
of
good
fortune
and
wealth.
橘子树不仅仅是装饰;
它们是好运和财富的象征。
It
is
believed
that
it
will
bring
good
fortune
in
the
coming
year.
人们认为它还能为人们在新的一年里带来好运气。
You’ll
make
a
fortune
by
selling
this
china.
你卖掉这个瓷器就会发一笔财。
You
are
fortunate
to
have
such
a
good
teacher.
你真幸运有这样一位好老师。
(1)
good
fortune 好运
try
one’s
fortune
碰运气
make
a
fortune
发财
(2)fortunate
adj.
幸运的
be
fortunate
to
do
sth.
有幸做某事
(3)misfortune
n.
不幸,
灾祸
(4)fortunately
adv.
幸运地
【导图理词】
【熟词生义】
Jim
has
just
succeeded
a
large
fortune
from
his
uncle.
吉姆刚从他叔叔那里继承了一大笔财产。(n.
财产)
Misfortunes
tell
us
what
fortune
is.
灾难会告诉我们幸福是什么。(该句话告诉我们要珍惜眼前的幸福生活,
但也要从灾难中吸取教训。)
(1)语法填空。
①He
dreamed
of
making
a
fortune.
②She
was
crying
over
his
misfortunes(fortune).
③Fortunately(fortunate),
she
promised
me
an
interview
chance.
(2)Tom
made
a
fortune
by
selling
and
buying
real
estate.
?
Tom通过买卖房地产赚了一大笔钱。
2.
admit
vi.
&vt.
承认vt.
准许进入(或加入)
(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)If
we
admit
it
is
a
door,
they’ll
want
to
go
outside
constantly.
如果我们承认这是一扇门,
他们就会不断地想出去。
He
admitted
to
the
teacher
that
he
ate
the
cheese.
他向老师承认他吃了奶酪。
She
admitted
having
taken
the
key.
她承认拿走了钥匙。
He
was
admitted
to/into
a
famous
university.
他被一所名牌大学录取了。
(1)admit
sth.
承认/供认某事
admit
doing/having
done
sth.
承认做了某事
admit
to
sb.
that
向某人承认
be
admitted
to/into
被录取;
允许进入
(2)admission
n.
进入
只接动名词,
不接不定式作宾语的动词还有:
keep,
delay,
enjoy,
practise,
finish,
imagine,
suggest,
advise,
escape,
miss,
consider,
mind等。
【熟词生义】
The
great
hall
can
admit
5,
000
students.
这个大厅可以容纳5
000名学生。(v.
容纳)
(1)语法填空。
①This
ticket
admits
(admit)
one
person
only.
?
②They
admitted
him
to/into
their
organization.
③She
admitted
reading/having
read
(read)
the
letter.
?
④Admission
(admit)
to
the
school
is
by
examination
only.
(2)他入党了。
译:
He
was
admitted
to
/into
the
Party.
?
(3)他承认自己错了。
He
admitted
that
he
was
wrong.
?
3.
occur
vi.
发生,
出现
(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)We
are
the
products
of
evolution,
and
not
just
evolution
that
occurred
billions
of
years
ago.
我们是进化的产物,
而不仅仅是发生在数十亿年前的进化。
A
good
idea
occurred
to
me
while
I
was
watching
TV.
我看电视时想到了一个好主意。
It
never
occurs
to
him
that
he
should
make
such
great
success
in
teaching
career.
他从来没有想到他竟会在教学事业中获得如此巨大的成功。
sth.
occur
to
sb.
某人突然想到
it
occur
to
sb.
that.
.
.
/to
do
sth.
某人突然想到……/要做某事
【易混辨析】
occur
vi.
可指某事偶然发生,
可与happen互换,
但比较正式。表示“某人想到”时,
用occur,
后接介词to
happen
vi.
特指某事偶然发生。表示“某人发生了某事”,
要用sth.
happen(s)
to
sb.
;
happen
to
do
sth.
表示“碰巧做某事”
take
place
多指有计划、有目的、有步骤地发生,
比如举办活动、发生变化等
break
out
多指自然灾害、战争、疾病的突然爆发
以上这些表示“发生”的单词或短语都不能用于被动语态
【知识延伸】
表示“某人突然想到某事”的表达还有:
it
hits/strikes
sb.
that.
.
.
;
sth.
strike
sb.
;
e
to
sb.
;
sb.
hit
on
sth.
(1)语法填空。
The
question
occurred(occur)
to
me
where
we
were
to
get
the
machine
needed.
(2)It
never
occurred
to
me
that
you
could
succeed
in
persuading
him
to
change
his
mind.
?
我从来没想过你能成功地说服他改变主意。
【补偿训练】
选词填空(occur,
happen,
take
place,
break
out)
①The
terrible
war
broke
out
in
1937.
②What
happened
to
you
last
night?
③When
will
the
wedding
take
place?
④It
suddenly
occurred
to
him
that
he
had
left
his
keys
in
the
office.
?
4.
seek
(sought,
sought)
vt.
&vi.
寻找;
寻求;
争取;
(向人)请求
(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)The
solution,
of
course,
was
to
plant
trees
so
the
animals
could
seek
shelter
during
the
daytime.
当然,
解决的办法是种树,
这样动物们就可以在白天寻找遮荫之处。
Graduates
are
seeking
for
jobs
suitable
for
themselves.
毕业生们正在寻找适合自己的工作。
He
is
going
to
Shanghai
to
seek
his
fortune.
他要到上海去闯世界。
It’s
because
we
are
all
human
beings
and
are
seeking
after
the
truth
of
nature
that
we
have
come
together.
我们正是因为是人,
并怀着一颗追求自然真理之心走到了一起。
She
had
understood
nothing,
nor
had
she
sought
to
understand.
她什么都不懂,
她也不追求去弄懂。
seek
for
sth.
寻找某物
seek
after
追求,
探索
seek
out
挑选出,
找出
seek
to
do
sth.
寻求/试图做某事
seek
one’s
fortune
闯世界,
去发财
play
hide-and-seek
玩捉迷藏
【知识延伸】
表示“寻找,
寻求”的动词还有:
search,
hunt,
find等。
Nothing
seek;
nothing
find.
无所求则无所获。(这句话告诉我们要想有所收获,
必须努力去追求和尝试。)
(1)语法填空。
①We
must
seek
for
a
solution
to
the
problem.
②He
is
a
man
who
is
always
seeking
after
truth.
③He
quickly
sought
out
his
friend
in
the
crowd.
(2)Seek
to
understand
others,
and
you
will
be
understood.
?
去理解别人,
你就会被理解。
(3)We
went
there
to
do
so
in
hope
of
seeking
our
fortune.
?
我们去那里这样做,
希望找到财富。
5.
earn
vt.
&vi.
挣得;
赚得;
赢得;
博得
(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)He
wants
very
much
to
earn
some
money,
but
I
don’t
see
what
he
can
do.
他很想挣钱,
但我看不出他能做些什么。
He
got
a
job
in
an
office
to
earn
his
living.
他在一家事务所工作以谋生。
His
works
have
earned
him
many
friends.
他的作品为他赢得了许多朋友。
earn
one’s/a
living 谋生
earn
sb.
sth.
为某人赢/博得某物
(1)同义替换。
①If
I
can’t
make
a
living
(=earn
a/my
living)
at
painting,
at
least
I
can
teach
someone
else
to
paint.
?
②I
think
every
business’s
goal
is
to
make(=earn)
money.
(2)Bill’s
honesty
earned
him
a
lot
of
respect.
?
比尔的诚实使他深受敬重。
6.
select
vt.
选择;
挑选;
选拔
The
students
selected
from
every
class
took
part
in
the
competition.
从每个班选出的学生参加了比赛。
We
selected
him
as
our
monitor.
我们选他做我们的班长。
He
selected
a
pair
of
socks
to
match
his
suit.
他为配他的那身衣服选了一双袜子。
(1)
select
sb.
as 选某人做……
select
.
.
.
to
do
sth.
挑选……做某事
(2)selection
n.
选择;
挑选;
选拔
(3)selective
adj.
选择性的;
讲究的
【易混辨析】
select
强调在广泛的范围内进行“精选或淘汰”,
侧重以客观标准进行选择
choose
普通用词,
侧重根据个人意愿和判断从众多的对象中进行选择,
着重被选者的优点。常与from或between连用
elect
指按照一定的规章或法律,
用投票等方式进行认真慎重地选择,
常译为“选举”
(1)语法填空。
①Selecting(select)
a
mobile
phone
for
personal
use
is
no
easy
task.
②Do
make
a
careful
selection(select)
before
you
act.
③They
are
opposed
to
selective
(select)
education.
(2)Beijing
was
selected
as
the
host
city
for
the
2022
Winter
Olympic
Games.
?
北京被选为2022年冬季奥运会的主办城市。
7.
bring
about导致;
引起
What
do
you
think
brought
about
the
cultural
diversity?
你认为是什么导致了文化的多样性?
Mencius’
father
died
when
he
was
young,
and
he
was
brought
up
by
his
mother.
孟子很小的时候,
他父亲就去世了,
母亲把他抚养成人。
There’s
always
that
one
song
that
brings
back
old
memories.
总有一首歌能让你回忆起往事。
bring
up
养育,
抚养;
提出;
呕吐
bring
back
带回;
使想起
bring
down
降低;
减少
bring
in
引进;
赚得,
挣得
bring
out
出版;
阐明;
使表现出
bring
about
造成,
引起
用适当的介、副词填空。
Look!
That
is
the
house
where
my
father
was
brought
up.
Everything
in
and
around
the
house
always
brought
back
his
childhood
memories.
At
that
time,
although
my
grandparents
brought
in
little
money,
they
brought
about
many
changes
in
my
father’s
life.
To
get
food
for
children,
my
grandparents
even
brought
out
their
marriage
bracelet
to
sell
for
money.
But
now,
those
hard
days
have
gone
and
they
are
living
happily
with
us.
?
8.
claim
vt.
&n.
夺取(生命);
宣称;
断言
First,
the
voice
isn’t
so
clear
as
you
claimed.
首先,
声音不像你说(宣称)的那样清晰。
The
hurricane
has
claimed
hundreds
of
lives.
飓风夺去了数百人的生命。
A
villager
claimed
to
have
seen
a
UFO
flying
across
the
sky.
一位村民声称看到了飞碟飞过天空。
It’s
claimed
that
they
produce
the
best
athletes
in
the
world.
据说他们培养出了世界上最好的运动员。
I
am
here
to
make
a
claim
for
the
loss
of
my
cheese.
我是来要求赔偿我的奶酪丢失的损失的。
(1)claim
sb.
‘s
life 夺去某人的生命
claim
to
have
done
sth.
声称做了某事
It’s
claimed
that.
.
.
据称/说……
(2)make
a
claim
(on.
.
.
)for.
.
.
(向……)提出赔偿……
(1)语法填空。
①Thousands
of
lives
were
claimed
(claim)
in
this
attack.
?
②You
may
make
a
claim
on
the
firm
for
the
damages.
(2)句型转换。
It’s
claimed
that
they
have
discovered
a
cure
for
the
disease.
=They
claimed
to
have
discovered
a
cure
for
the
disease.
?
9.
apart
from除了……外(还);
此外
Apart
from
Jim,
Lucy
and
Lily
also
attended
the
meeting.
除了吉姆,
露西和莉莉也参加了会议。
This
article
is
well
written
apart
from
a
few
spelling
mistakes.
这篇文章写得很好,
只是有几处拼写错误。
apart
from=besides 除……外(还有)
apart
from=except
for
除……外(不包括)
【易混辨析】
except
除……外(不包括)(指同类的人或物),
可与but换用,
但but不用于句首
except
for
除……外(不包括)(指不同类的人或物),
可用于句首
besides
除……外(包括后面的人或物在内)还有
apart
from
根据意义,
既可以与besides互换,
也可与except
(for)互换
but
后接名词或代词时,
可与except换用,
但but后可接动词或不定式,
其他词无此用法
(1)选词填空(apart
from,
besides,
except
for,
but)。
①I
can
say
nothing
but
keep
silent.
②Apart
from/Besides
the
cost,
the
hat
doesn’t
suit
me.
?
③His
novel
is
good
except
for
a
few
spelling
mistakes.
?
④Besides/Apart
from
his
girlfriend,
his
mother
also
went
to
the
cinema.
?
(2)Apart
from/Except
a
few
words,
he
knows
nothing
about
Chinese.
除了几个单词外,
他对汉语一无所知。?
10.
escape
vi.
&vt.
逃走;
逃脱;
避开
n.
逃跑;
逃脱;
解脱
Some
of
them
turn
to
the
Internet
as
a
way
to
escape.
他们中的一些人转向互联网作为一种逃避的方式。
I
spent
some
time
out
in
LA
to
try
to
escape
the
cold
weather
we
were
getting
on
the
East
Coast.
为了躲避东海岸的严寒,
我去洛杉矶待了几天。
A
prisoner
has
escaped
from
a
jail
in
northern
England.
一名囚犯从英格兰北部的一所监狱越狱了。
He
was
fortunate
enough
to
have
escaped
being
killed
in
that
earthquake.
他很幸运,
没有在那次地震中丧生。
Did
he
have
a
narrow
escape
from
the
big
tsunami?
他有侥幸逃过那场大海啸吗?
(1)
escape
sth.
/doing
sth.
躲避某物/做某事
escape
from
从……中逃走
(2)have
a
narrow
escape
侥幸逃脱
【熟词生义】
It
was
an
actor
whose
name
escapes
me
for
the
moment.
那是个我一时想不起名字的演员。(v.
被……忘记)
(1)语法填空。
①The
monkeys
escaped
from
the
zoo
yesterday
evening.
②The
robber
had
escaped
(escape)
and
was
nowhere
to
be
found
when
the
police
arrived.
?
(2)If
you
kill
rare
animals,
you
can
never
escape
being
punished.
如果你杀害珍稀动物,
你就逃脱不了惩罚。?
11.
I
have
to
admit
that
it
definitely
feels
good
to
be
back
in
the
city
again.
我必须承认再次回到这座城市确实感觉很棒。?
【句式解构】
本句中,
it是形式主语,
真正的主语是后面的to
do不定式to
be
back
in
the
city
again。动词不定式作主语时,
为了保持句子平衡,
常用it作形式主语,
而将真正的主语后置。常用于这个句型的形容词有easy,
difficult,
hard,
important,
possible等。
此外,
形式主语it还可以替代动名词短语或从句。
It
is
difficult
for
people
to
escape
the
influence
of
smartphones.
人们很难摆脱智能手机的影响。
It
is
useless
crying
over
the
spilt
milk.
覆水难收。
It’s
a
pity
that
you
didn’t
go
to
see
the
film
yesterday.
你昨天没看成那部电影真遗憾。
【知识延伸】
it还可以放在find,
make,
consider等动词后作形式宾语,
指代动词不定式,
动名词短语或从句。例如:
I
don’t
feel
it
difficult
to
understand
the
Special
English.
我觉得理解特殊英语不难。
(1)句型转换。
To
learn
a
foreign
language
is
very
important.
=It
is
very
important
to
learn
a
foreign
language.
?
(2)It’s
said
that
they
have
invented
a
new
type
of
computer.
?
据说他们发明了一种新型电脑。
(3)They
found
it
pleasant
that
they
worked
with
us
Chinese.
?
他们发现和中国人在一起工作很愉快。
12.
Many
of
the
people
living
here
are
from
Mexico
or
Central
America.
?
许多住在这里的人来自墨西哥或中美洲。
【句式解构】
本句中的living
here为动词-ing形式短语作后置定语,
修饰people,
相当于一个定语从句who
live
here。动词-ing形式living
here作后置定语,
与被修饰词people之间是逻辑上的主谓关系。
The
child
standing
over
there
is
my
brother.
站在那里的孩子是我弟弟。
I
am
only
able
to
look
at
nature
through
dirty
curtains
hanging
before
very
dusty
windows.
脏兮兮的窗帘悬挂在沾满灰尘的窗前,
我只能透过它们观看大自然。
单个现在分词作定语常放在名词前面。如:
a
waiting
crowd
正在等待的人群。
(1)语法填空。
①They
built
a
highway
leading
(lead)
to
the
mountains.
②The
running(run)
dog
keeps
biting
at
passing
people.
(2)句型转换。
We
met
a
group
of
pupils
returning
from
school.
=We
met
a
group
of
pupils
who
returned
from
school.
?
13.
I
walked
around
looking
at
the
street
art
for
a
few
hours.
我在街上转了几个小时,
欣赏街头艺术。?
【句式解构】
looking
at
the
street
art为现在分词短语作伴随状语。现在分词短语作伴随状语,
表示伴随,
所表示的动作与谓语动词同时发生,
但与句子的主语是逻辑上的主谓关系。
I
have
a
very
busy
life
with
no
time
to
sit
around
feeling
sorry
for
myself.
我的生活很充实,
没有时间闲坐着顾影自怜。
Laughing
and
talking,
they
went
back
home.
他们有说有笑,
回到了家。
He
sat
at
the
table,
reading
a
magazine.
他坐在桌子旁,
读着一本杂志。
(1)语法填空。
①Tony
lent
me
the
money,
hoping
(hope)that
I’d
do
as
much
for
him.
②All
night
long
he
lay
awake,
thinking
(think)
of
the
problem.
(2)句型转换。
①All
the
students
sat
in
the
classroom,
and
waited
for
their
new
teacher.
→All
the
students
sat
in
the
classroom,
waiting
for
their
new
teacher.
?
②The
young
man
held
a
torch
in
his
hand,
and
climbed
up
to
the
top
of
the
clock
tower.
→Holding
a
torch
in
his
hand,
the
young
man
climbed
up
to
the
top
of
the
clock
tower.
?
【要点拾遗】
1.
diverse
adj.
不同的;
多种多样的
(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)
Mari
starts
changing
her
life
and
discovers
a
world
of
diverse
“night
people”
who
are
hiding
secrets.
玛丽开始改变她的生活,
并发现了一个隐藏着秘密的有着形形色色“夜猫子”的世界。
Canada
is
a
land
of
great
cultural
diversity.
加拿大是一个文化多元的国家。
【知识延伸】
表示“多种多样”的词汇还有:
various,
a
variety
of,
all
kinds
of
等。
(1)语法填空。
These
samples
help
us
grasp
the
diversity
(diverse)
of
life
on
the
planet.
(2)They
are
the
people
from
diverse
cultures.
?
他们是有着不同文化背景的人。
2.
definitely
adv.
肯定;
确实
(2020·天津高考)
For
people,
who
are
interested
in
sound,
the
field
of
sound
technology
is
definitely
making
noise.
对于那些对声音感兴趣的人来说,
声音技术的领域肯定是制造噪音。
Can
you
give
me
a
definite
answer
by
tomorrow?
你明天能给我一个确定的答复吗?
What’s
your
definition
of
happiness?
你对幸福的定义是什么?
The
doctor
is
quite
definite
about
Tom
having
measles.
医生十分肯定汤姆得了麻疹。
First,
I’d
like
to
define
the
word
“talent”
in
my
idea.
首先,
我想以我的理解给“天赋”这个词下个定义。
(1)define
v.
下定义;
使明确
(2)definite
adj.
确定的
be
definite
about
对……有把握阿
(3)definition
n.
定义
(1)语法填空。
①I’m
definitely
(definite)
going
to
get
in
touch
with
these
people.
②What
is
the
definition
(definite)
of
migration?
(2)
It
is
difficult
to
define
the
border
between
love
and
friendship.
很难界定爱情和友谊的界限。?
3.
minority
n.
少数民族;
少数派,
少数人
Only
a
minority
of
the
class
voted
for
the
plan.
班里只有少数学生投票赞成这项计划。
Different
ethnic
minority
groups
have
different
customs
for
celebrating
Chinese
New
Year.
不同的少数民族有不同的过年习俗。
The
young
actor
was
given
a
minor
part
in
the
new
play.
这个年轻演员在这出新戏里被分派担任一个小角色。
(1)a
minority
of 少数
ethnic
minority
groups
少数民族
be
in
the
minority
占少数
(2)minor
adj.
少数的,
次要的
(3)majority
n.
多数
minority表示“少数”时,
为集合名词;
单独用作主语时,
如果强调整体,
谓语动词用单数形式;
如果强调个体,
谓语动词用复数形式。例如:
The
minority
is
sometimes
right.
有时候,
少数人是对的。
Only
a
minority
want
the
war
to
continue.
只有少数人希望战争继续下去。
(1)语法填空。
①They
live
in
the
minority
(minor)
district.
②Only
a
tiny
minority
of
holidays
are
affected(affect).
?
(2)补全句子。
The
Baima
is
a
minority
group
of
about
1,
400
people.
?
白马族是一个大约有1400人的少数民族。
4.
To
earn
a
living,
some
opened
up
shops
and
restaurants
in
Chinatown.
为了谋生,
一些人在中国城开了商店和餐厅。?
【句式解构】
to
earn
a
living是动词不定式短语,
它在句中作目的状语。此外,
不定式还可以作主语、宾语、定语和表语等。但不能独立作谓语。常用结构为to
do
,
only
to
do,
in
order
to
do,
so
as
to
do等。
To
save
money,
every
means
has
been
tried.
为了省钱,
各种方法都试过了。
We
study
hard
to
be
admitted
into
a
key
university.
为考上重点大学,
我们努力学习。
To
do
morning
exercises
is
useful
for
our
health.
做早操有利于我们的健康。
不定式作目的状语时可以写成so
that或in
order
that引导的目的状语从句。例如:
To
save
time,
we
must
first
of
all
make
out
a
plan.
=
We
must
first
of
all
make
out
a
plan
so
that
we
can
save
time.
(1)语法填空。
①To
master
(master)
a
language
is
not
an
easy
thing.
?
②He
has
nothing
to
say
(say)
on
this
event.
?
③He
began
to
learn
(learn)
English
at
the
age
of
four.
?
④He
asked
me
to
talk(talk)
about
studying
English.
?
(2)
句型转换。
To
catch
the
train,
he
got
up
early.
=He
got
up
early
so
that
he
can
catch
the
train.
?
拓视野·观天下
1.
Known
for
its
ancient
Chinese-style
architecture
and
diverse
cultural
charms,
Fenghuang
County
attracted
20
million
visitors
last
year.
凤凰县以其古老的中式建筑和多样的文化魅力而闻名,
去年吸引了2000万游客。
2.
The
IOC
admitted
that
the
situation
around
the
COVID-19
virus
is
impacting
the
preparations
for
the
Tokyo
Games.
国际奥委会宣称,
新型冠状病毒肺炎的现状正在影响东京奥运会的准备工作。
3.
He
urged
those
who
beat
the
quarantine
deadline
today
to
voluntarily
stay
at
home
for
14
days,
and
seek
timely
medical
treatment
if
they
feel
unwell.
他敦促那些在今天隔离期满的人自愿在家待14天,
如果他们感觉不舒服,
要及时就医。
4.
The
COVID-19
outbreak
has
claimed
hundreds
of
thousands
of
lives
in
the
world.
新型冠状病毒肺炎的爆发已经夺去了世界上成千上万人的生命。
5.
At
the
difficult
moment
of
the
virus
outbreak,
Xi
Jinping,
general
secretary
of
CPC
Central
Committee,
has
made
wise
decisions
that
has
led
to
a
series
of
strong
measures
to
be
taken
in
China,
which
finally
defeated
the
epidemic.
在病毒爆发的危难时刻,
中共中央总书记习近平做出了明智的决定,
在中国采取了一系列强有力的措施,
并最终战胜了疫情。
PAGEUnit
3 Diverse
Cultures
Reading
for
Writing
词汇知识·自主学习
Ⅰ.
根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1.
Her
donation
was
for
students
who
clearly
needed
financial(经济的,
财务的)
help.
2.
I’m
glad
that
you
show
great
interest
in
Chinese
Tang
Poetry(诗歌).
3.
He
forked
an
egg
onto
a
piece
of
bread
and
folded
(包;
裹)
it
into
a
sandwich.
4.
In
American
comic
books,
there
are
all
kinds
of
super(超级的)
heroes.
5.
She
spends
a
lot
of
time
on
her
stamp
collection(收藏品)
after
school.
6.
Only
some
food
has
such
a
high
percentage
(百分比)
of
protein.
7.
This
matter
will
be
settled
(解决)
in
the
future.
8.
I
had
a
chance
to
use
these
new
materials(材料).
9.
If
not,
let
me
know
what
time
suits
(适合)
you
best.
10.
Fish
and
chicken
contain
(含有)
more
protein
and
less
fat.
Ⅱ.
根据语境写出加黑短语的汉语意思
1.
Many
of
these
plants
are
evergreen,
so
you
can
enjoy
them
all
year
round
(一年到头).
2.
We
have
been
called
on
by
all
our
friends
since
we
settled
in
(安顿下来)
the
new
house.
3.
Lots
of
our
friends
are
coming:
Anne,
Ken
and
George,
to
name
but
a
few
(仅举几例).
4.
I
heard
about
it
at
first
hand
(直接)
from
my
neighbor.
5.
Water
can
be
turned
into
(变成)
vapour
when
heated.
6.
Varieties
of
(各种各样的)
after-class
activities
are
held
on
Friday
afternoon
every
other
week
in
our
school.
7.
The
hotel
he
applied
to
for
a
job
is
located
in
(位于)
the
downtown.
8.
The
school
year
is
usually
divided
up
into
(被分成)
two
semesters.
9.
China
is
a
vast
country
which
is
home
to
(是……的家园)
an
amazing
variety
of
landscapes,
plants
and
animals.
10.
Of
the
teenagers
who
participated
in
(参与/参加)
the
survey,
49%
said
that
libraries
are
where
they
get
most
of
their
books.
根据课文及汉意提示补全句子
1.
The
majority
of
residents
in
Chinatown
are
still
ethnic
Chinese,
many
of
whom
do
not
speak
English
fluently
(他们中很多人英语说得并不流利).
?
2.
Traditionally,
visitors
enter
Chinatown
through
the
legendary
Dragon
Gate,
which
was
built
using
materials
donated
from
China(它是用中国捐赠的材料建造的).
?
3.
It
has
a
long
and
famous
history,
with
the
author
Robert
Louis
Stevenson
having
spent
much
time
writing
there(花了很多时间在这儿创作).
?
4.
There
is
Chinese
food
to
suit
everyone’s
taste(适合每个人的口味),
with
traditional
dishes
from
all
over
China.
?
5.
They
allow
visitors
who
have
never
been
to
China
to
experience
traditional
Chinese
culture(感受中国传统文化)first
hand.
?
读写结合·表达升级
如何介绍地点
Task
1 框架宏观建构:
整体理解?
1.
Skim
the
passage
and
fill
in
the
blanks
2.
Match
the
general
meaning
of
each
part
(1)Part
1
(Para.
1) ?
(2)Part
2(Paras.
2-5)
?
(3)Part
3(Para.
6)
?
A.
The
general
introduction
to
the
Chinatown
in
San
Francisco.
B.
Chinatowns’
cultural
influence.
C.
The
specific
information
of
the
Chinatown.
答案:
(1)～(3)ACB
Task
2 文本微观剖析:
特色表达?
1.
Choose
the
best
answer
(1)The
writer
of
the
text
mainly
wants
to
.
?
A.
tell
us
the
history
of
Chinatown
in
San
Francisco
B.
give
us
a
brief
introduction
of
Chinatown
C.
let
us
learn
how
Chinatown
was
built
D.
show
us
the
Chinese
culture
in
Chinatown
(2)When
is
the
best
time
to
visit
the
Chinatown
in
San
Francisco?
A.
In
Spring.
B.
In
Autumn.
C.
In
Summer.
D.
In
any
season.
(3)When
did
the
Chinatown
in
San
Francisco
start?
A.
After
the
year
of
1906.
B.
During
the
gold
rush
period.
C.
Before
the
railroad
was
built.
D.
In
the
end
of
the
20th
century.
(4)What
can
be
inferred
from
the
last
paragraph?
A.
Chinatowns
have
a
positive
effect
on
the
USA.
B.
Chinatowns
haven’t
been
popular
in
the
USA.
C.
Visitors
cannot
experience
real
Chinese
culture.
D.
Chinese
culture
will
replace
American
culture.
答案:
(1)～(4)BDBA
2.
Write
down
at
least
5
sentences
for
describing
places
(1)The
Chinatown
in
San
Francisco
is
the
biggest
in
America,
and
also
the
oldest.
?
(2)The
climate
is
mild
all
year
round,
meaning
it
is
always
a
good
time
to
visit.
?
(3)What
started
as
a
residential
area
for
Chinese
immigrants
then
turned
into
a
centre
for
Chinese
culture.
?
(4)Most
of
Chinatown
was
destroyed
in
the
1906
earthquake,
but
the
city
and
residents
rebuilt
it.
?
(5)Portsmouth
Square
is
also
a
key
site,
being
the
centre
of
Chinatown.
?
Now
I
will
give
a
brief
introduction
to
.
It
is
a
city
located
in/on
(概况介绍如:
历史、气候等).
The
history
of
the
city
dates
back
to
.
The
city
covers
an
area
of
over
square
kilometers
with
a
population
of
nearly
million.
Here
are
many
breathtaking
sights.
Not
only
can
you
pay
a
visit
to
but
you
can
also
appreciate
.
Besides,
there
are
many
things
to
do
in
the
city,
for
example,
.
(详细介绍如:
历史、旅游、商业、特色饮食等)?
It
is
no
wonder
that
every
year
an
increasing
number
of
people
come
to
visit
it.
假如你叫李华,
你的美国朋友David想去济南旅行。他给你发邮件询问相关情况。请你根据以下要点给他回信。
1.
最佳旅行时间;
2.
景点推荐;
3.
相关准备。
注意:
1.
词数不少于80个
;
2.
可以适当增加细节,
以使行文连贯;
3.
开头已经给出,
不计入总数。
参考词汇:
千佛山
Qianfo
Mountain;
趵突泉
Baotu
Spring;
大明湖
Daming
Lake
Dear
David,
How
is
everything
going?
遣词造句
完成句子
1.
我很高兴你打算来济南参观。(so.
.
.
that)
I’m
so
delighted
that
you
plan
to
visit
Jinan.
?
2.
我写信是想告诉你一些关于济南的情况。(to
do)
I
am
writing
to
tell
you
something
about
Jinan.
?
3.
来济南最好的时间是秋天。(简单句)
The
best
time
to
Jinan
is
during
autumn.
?
4.
这个季节的天气既不太热也不太冷。(neither.
.
.
nor.
.
.
)
The
weather
in
this
season
is
neither
too
hot
nor
too
cold.
?
5.
济南尤其以千佛山、趵突泉、大明湖而闻名。(be
famous
for)
Jinan
is
especially
famous
for
Qianfo
Mountain,
Baotu
Spring
and
Daming
Lake.
?
6.
我强烈建议你把它们都参观一遍。(recommend)
I
strongly
recommend
that
you
should
visit
them
all.
?
7.
你有必要提前预订旅馆房间。(it
is.
.
.
to
do.
.
.
)
It
is
necessary
for
you
to
book
your
hotel
room
in
advance.
?
8.
我真的希望你旅途愉快。(强调谓语)
I
do
hope
you
will
have
a
nice
trip.
?
句式升级
9.
把第3、4合并成含原因状语从句的复合句。
The
best
time
to
Jinan
is
during
autumn,
as
the
weather
in
this
season
is
neither
too
hot
nor
too
cold.
?
10.
把第6句改写成含why引导的表语从句的复合句。
That’s
why
I
strongly
recommend
that
you
should
visit
them
all.
?
完美成篇
Dear
David,
?
How
is
everything
going?
I’m
so
delighted
that
you
plan
to
visit
Jinan.
I
am
writing
to
tell
you
something
about
Jinan.
?
Personally,
the
best
time
to
Jinan
is
during
autumn,
as
the
weather
in
this
season
is
neither
too
hot
nor
too
cold.
As
a
tourist
city,
Jinan
is
especially
famous
for
Qianfo
Mountain,
Baotu
Spring
and
Daming
Lake.
That’s
why
I
strongly
recommend
that
you
should
visit
them
all.
As
for
preparations
for
your
trip,
it
is
necessary
for
you
to
book
your
hotel
room
in
advance.
?
I
do
hope
you
will
have
a
nice
trip.
?
Yours,
Li
Hua?
【话题拓展】
1.
话题特点
地点描写类作文,
通常属于说明文。在具体考试中常以应用文,
特别是书信式的应用文来考查。写作内容常包括某地点的地理位置、面积、人口、气候特点、历史、特产或特色景点、建筑等,
有时,
也可介绍一下人文风貌和文化特色。
2.
话题词汇
(1)be
located(situated)
in/on/at
坐落于,
位于
(2)has
a
history
of.
.
.
years
有……年的历史
(3)has
a
population
of
有……人口
(4)be
home
to
是……的家园
(5)be
known/famous
as
作为……而出名
(6)cover
an
area
of
.
.
.
占地……(面积)
(7)the
reform
and
opening-up
policy
改革开放政策
(8)great
changes
have
taken
place
发生巨大变化
(9)take
on
a
new
look
呈现新面貌
(10)make
contributions
to
为……做出贡献
3.
话题句式
(1)表达位置、人口
①China
lies
in
the
east
of
Asia
and
on
the
western
coast
of
the
Pacific
Ocean.
中国位于亚洲东部,
太平洋的西岸。
②The
beautiful
town
is
located
along
the
shore
of
the
lake.
这个美丽的城镇坐落于湖的沿岸。
③The
village
lies
among
the
mountains.
这个村子坐落在群山之中。
④New
York
is
a
big
city
with
a
population
of
over
10
million.
纽约是一个有一千多万人口的大城市。
(2)表述特色
①Hangzhou
is
famous/well-known
for
its
beautiful
West
Lake.
杭州因它美丽的西湖而著名。
②Hainan
Province
consists
of
Hainan
Island
and
neighbouring
isles
as
well
as
wide
sea
areas.
海南省由海南岛和附近的群岛及广阔的海域组成。
③Built
in
the
16th
century,
the
castle
has
witnessed
too
much
coming
and
going
in
history.
建于16世纪,
这座城堡见证了太多的历史浮沉。
④There
is
one
place
you
can’t
miss
while
visiting
Kaifeng
—
the
Kaifeng
House.
参观开封时,
有一个地方你不能错过——开封府。
(3)表达变化
①Great
changes
have
taken
place
over
the
past
five
years
in
my
hometown.
我的家乡在过去的五年中发生了巨大的变化。
②Thanks
to
the
reform
and
opening-up
policy,
China
has
taken
on
a
new
look.
得益于改革开放政策,
中国的面貌已焕然一新。
要点精研·探究学习
1.
settle
vt.
&vi.
定居;
结束(争论);
解决(纠纷)
They
agreed
to
try
to
settle
their
dispute
by
negotiation.
他们同意通过谈判来努力解决争端。
Refugees
settling
in
Britain
are
faced
with
a
number
of
problems.
在英国定居的难民面临很多问题。
The
man
let
his
eyes
settle
upon
Cross’s
face.
那名男子的目光落在了克罗斯的脸上。
John
will
settle
down
after
he
gets
a
job
and
gets
married.
约翰在找到工作并且结婚后才会安顿下来。
There
were
so
many
distractions
that
we
were
unable
to
settle
down
to
study/studying.
有那么多令人分心的事,
我们无法安下心来学习。
(1)settle
dispute/difference/problem
解决争端/分歧/问题
settle
(down)
in+地点
在……定居
settle
upon/on
落在……上;
选定
settle
down
安定下来,
安下心来
settle
down
to
(do/doing)
sth.
专心于(做)某事;
安心于(做)某事
(2)settler n.
定居者;
移居者;
殖民者
(3)settlement
n.
定居点;
处理;
解决
【导图理词】
(1)语法填空。
①He
wants
to
settle
in
Shanghai.
②Let’s
settle
down
to
our
work.
③A
bird
suddenly
settled
on
his
shoulder.
④The
children
settled
down
when
their
teacher
entered.
⑤The
settlement
(settle)
is
home
to
nearly
1,
000
people.
?
⑥His
forefathers
were
early
settlers
(setter)
in
America.
(2)He
wants
to
settle
down
to
do
his
homework.
?
他想静下心来做作业。
2.
varieties
of各种各样的
(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)Other
varieties
of
multigenerational
family
are
more
common.
其他各种各样的多代同堂家庭更为常见。
Tents
come
in
various
shapes
and
sizes.
帐篷有各种各样的形状和大小。
Rooms
vary
in
size
but
all
have
televisions
and
telephones.
房间大小不同但都有电视和电话。
The
age
for
children
receiving
early
education
varies
from
state
to
state.
儿童接受早期教育的年龄在各个州是不同的。
Prices
vary
with
the
seasons.
物价随季节而变动。
(1)variety
n.
种类
a
variety
of=varieties
of
各种各样的
(2)various
adj.
各种各样的
(3)vary
vi.
&
vt.
变化,
不同;
使不同
vary
in
在……方面不同
vary
from.
.
.
to.
.
.
从……到……变化
vary
with
随着……变化
variety的两种用法
(1)a
variety
of/varieties
of后接可数名词作主语时,
谓语动词用复数形式。
(2)the
variety
of+复数名词,
意为“……的品种”,
作主语时,
谓语动词用单数形式。
(1)用vary的正确形式填空。
①The
club
offers
varieties
of
games
to
the
local
teenagers.
②The
weather
here
varies
from
hour
to
hour.
③He
also
found
some
lists
of
game
fans
looking
for
various
versions
of
the
game.
④One
of
the
advantages
is
that
we
can
find
a
variety
of
topics,
such
as
science,
culture
and
history.
(2)这家商店每天为顾客提供各种各样的商品。
译:
The
store
provides
the
customers
with
a
variety
of
(varieties
of
/all
kinds
of
/various)
goods
every
day.
?
3.
suit
vt.
适合;
满足……需要;
相配;
合身
n.
西服;
套装
This
arrangement
suits
us
perfectly.
这个安排对我们来说太合适了。
The
suit
fitted
her
nicely.
这身衣服她穿正合适/合身。
This
area
is
most
suitable
for
growing
wheat.
这一带最适宜种小麦。
Do
you
think
it
is
suitable
to
give
money
as
gift?
你认为把钱当礼物合适吗?
(1)
suit
sb.
适合某人
(2)
a
suit
of
一套(衣服)
(3)suitable
adj.
合适的
be
suitable
for
sth.
适合于某物
be
suitable
to
do
sth.
适合做某事
【易混辨析】
suit
多指“合乎要求、口味等”,
也可表示(衣服等)颜色、款式、花样等适合
fit
多指“衣服等尺寸、大小合身、合适”
match
“使相称,
使匹配”,
指事物在大小、色调、性质等方面相配
A
guest
should
suit
the
convenience
of
the
host.
客随主便。(该句用来告诉人们到别人家做客必须遵从主人家的礼节和风俗,
不可喧宾夺主,
毫无礼貌)
(1)语法填空。
①It
is
suitable
(suit)
to
grow
in
South
China
and
Southwest
China.
②We
have
to
wear
white
shirts,
dark
suits
(suit),
and
ties.
?
(2)
It’ll
suit
him
very
well
if
we
set
off
at
8
in
the
morning.
?
如果我们早上8点出发会对他很合适。
【补偿训练】
选词填空(suit,
fit,
match)。
The
coat
fits
you
well,
but
I
don’t
think
the
colour
suits
you,
because
its
colour
doesn’t
match
your
shoes.
4.
Not
only
is
country
music
popular
in
the
south,
but
blues,
rock
and
roll,
bluegrass,
and
jazz
are
popular
in
the
south
as
well.
不仅乡村音乐在南方流行,
蓝调音乐、摇滚乐、蓝草音乐和爵士乐也都在南方流行。?
【句式解构】not
only.
.
.
but
also
.
.
.
“不但……而且……”,
用于连接并列成分,
若连接两个句子,
且not
only位于句首时,
not
only后面的句子要用部分倒装。
Not
only
can
they
offer
us
joy
and
excitement,
but
also
they
can
encourage
us
to
think
critically.
它们不仅能给我们带来快乐和兴奋,
而且还能鼓励我们进行批判性的思考。
Not
only
is
the
teacher
himself
interested
in
football
but
also
his
students
are
interested
in
it
too.
不仅是老师自己而且他的学生们也都对足球感兴趣。
not
only.
.
.
but
also.
.
.
(1)
not
only
.
.
.
but
also
.
.
.
用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分,
着重强调后者,
其意为“不仅……而且……”;
其中的also有时可以省略。
(2)not
only.
.
.
but
also.
.
.
连接两个并列分句,
且not
only位于句首时,
前一个分句用部分倒装结构,
而后一个分句不倒装。
(3)该结构连接两个并列主语时,
谓语动词的单复数与其靠近的主语保持一致,
即遵循“就近原则”。
You
should
not
only
listen
to
the
teacher’s
and
your
classmates’
pronunciation,
but
also
to
tapes
and
broadcasting.
你不但应听老师和同学们的发音,
而且还要听录音带和广播。
The
teacher
is
not
only
good
at
English
but
also
good
at
Japanese.
这位老师不仅英语好,
日语也不错。
Not
only
did
I
pay
off
all
my
debts,
but
also
I
still
saved
some
money
to
build
a
new
house.
我不仅还清了债务,
而且还攒了些钱建新房。
Not
only
the
children
but
also
their
coach
likes
playing
football.
不仅是孩子们,
他们的教练也喜欢踢足球。
(1)语法填空。
①Not
only
did
he
make
a
promise,
but
he
kept
it.
②Not
only
can
we
find
out
the
problem,
but
(also)
we
can
settle
it.
?
③Not
only
his
students
but
also
the
teacher
feels
(feel)
the
test
is
too
difficult.
(2)句型转换。
The
boy
as
well
as
you
is
interested
in
playing
football.
→Not
only
you
but
also
the
boy
is
interested
in
playing
football.
?
(3)一句多译。
他不仅对科学感兴趣,
而且有音乐天赋。
①Not
only
is
he
interested
in
science,
but
he
also
has
a
gift
for
music.
?
②He
is
not
only
interested
in
science
but
also
has
a
gift
for
music.
?
③He
is
interested
in
science
and
has
a
gift
for
music.
?
(4)After
that,
not
only
did
he
sell
popcorn,
but
he
also
added
cream
and
salt
to
the
popcorn
to
make
it
taste
better.
?
在那之后,
他不仅卖爆米花,
还在爆米花里加了奶油和盐,
让它吃起来更好吃。
【要点拾遗】
1.
offer
vt.
主动提出;
提供,
供应
n.
提议,
建议;
出价,
报价
The
stores
in
the
Chinatown
offer
a
unique
range
of
souvenirs,
goods,
and
clothing.
唐人街的商店提供一系列独特的纪念品、商品和服装。
The
university
offers
us
the
materials
we
need.
大学给我们提供我们需要的资料。
We
should
care
for
the
old
and
offer
our
seats
to
them
on
buses.
我们应该照顾老人,
在公共汽车上给他们让座。
He
offered
to
lend
her
a
hand
as
the
suitcase
was
too
heavy
for
her
to
carry.
由于箱子太重,
她搬不动,
他主动提出要帮她一把。
You
ought
to
accept
the
offer.
你应该接受这个提议。
(1)
offer
sth.
提供某物,
供应某物
offer
sb.
sth.
提供某人某物
offer
sth.
to
sb.
提供某物给某人
offer
to
do
sth.
提出做某事
(2)accept
the
offer
接受提议
make
an
offer
提议;
出价
表示“提供给某人某物”的常见短语
①supply
sb.
with
sth.
=
supply
sth.
to
sb.
②provide
sb.
with
sth.
=
provide
sth.
for
sb.
(1)语法填空。
He
offered
to
drive
(drive)
us
to
the
airport,
but
we
preferred
to
walk
there.
?
(2)同义替换。
①Many
people
willingly
donated
(=offered)
their
blood.
②Thank
you
for
your
kind
offer
of
helping
(=to
help)
me.
?
2.
depend
on依靠,
依赖
Children
depend
on
their
parents
for
food
and
clothing.
小孩依赖他们的父母供应吃的和穿的。
You
can’t
depend
on
your
enemy
to
help
you.
你不能指望你的敌人来帮助你。
He
is
dependent
on
his
parents
(for
support).
他依靠父母(养活)。
(1)depend
on
sb.
for
sth.
依靠某人获得某物
depend
on
it
that
信赖/指望某事
depend
on
sb.
to
do
sth.
指望某人做某事
it
depends
视情况而定
(2)dependent
adj.依靠的,
依赖他人的
be
dependent
on
sb.
依靠/赖某人
(3)dependence
n.
依靠,
依赖
【知识延伸】
表示“依靠,
依赖”的动词短语还有
rely
on,
count
on等。
(1)语法填空。
①You
can
depend
on
it
that
we
shall
solve
the
problem
at
last.
②The
young
of
most
bird
species
are
totally
dependent
(depend)
on
parental
care.
③For
one
thing,
students
can
easily
form
the
habit
of
dependence
(depend).
(2)You
can
depend
on
him
to
win
the
game.
?
你可以靠他来赢得比赛。
3.
participate
in参与,
参加
She
didn’t
participate
in
the
discussion.
她没有参加讨论。
He
has
been
an
active
participant
in
the
discussion.
他一直积极参与这次讨论。
A
back
injury
prevented
active
participation
in
any
sports
for
a
while.
背伤曾一度妨碍积极参加任何体育运动。
participate v.
参加;
参与
participant
n.
参与者;
参加者
participation
n.
参加;
参与
take
an
participation
in
参加
【知识延伸】
表示“参加”的动词短语还有:
take
part
in,
join
in等。
(1)语法填空。
①The
participants
(participate)
in
an
activity
are
the
people
who
take
part
in
it.
?
②Everyone
should
take
an
active
participation
(participate)
in
protecting
the
environment
(2)They
expected
him
to
participate
in
the
ceremony.
?
他们希望他参加典礼。
4.
contain
vt.
包含;
含有;
容纳
Whisky
contains
a
large
percentage
of
alcohol.
威士忌的酒精含量极高。
She
couldn’t
contain
herself
to
wait.
她无法忍耐继续等下去了。
A
container
weighs
more
after
air
is
put
in,
which
proves
that
air
has
weight.
容器放进空气后重量会增加,
这证明空气有重量。
(1)contain
sth.
包含/含有/容纳某物
contain
oneself
自我忍耐/克制
(2)container
n.
容器
【巧学助记】contain和include
【易混辨析】
contain
可指所包含或容纳的全部或某物的成分;
其主语和宾语不属于同类
include
指作为整体中的一部分被包括进去,
其主语和宾语属同类,
是整体和部分的关系。常使用“including+被包含部分”或“被包含部分+included”
(1)语法填空。
①This
book
contains
(contain)
all
the
information
you
need.
②This
chemical
material
needs
to
be
stored
in
a
special
container(contain).
(2)The
little
girl
could
not
contain
herself
with(使自己抑制住)delight
when
she
received
her
birthday
present.
?
(3)一句多译。
这本书含有10章,
其中包括美国文学。
①The
book
contains
ten
chapters,
including
American
Literature.
?
②The
book
contains
ten
chapters,
American
Literature
included.
?
5.
The
majority
of
residents
in
Chinatown
are
still
ethnic
Chinese,
many
of
whom
do
not
speak
English
fluently.
唐人街的大部分居民仍然是华裔,
其中很多人英语说得并不流利。?
【句式解构】
many
of
whom
do
not
speak
English
fluently为非限制性定语从句,
属于“介词+关系代词”形式,
其中的关系代词用which或whom。
Here
are
the
questions,
some
of
which
I
thought
are
too
difficult
for
you.
问题都在这儿,
我认为其中一些对你来说太难。
John
invited
about
40
people
to
his
wedding,
most
of
whom
are
family
members.
约翰邀请了大约四十个人参加他的婚礼,
其中大部分是家庭成员。
“数词/代词+of
+which/whom”引导非限制性定语从句,
也可以将数词/代词放在which/whom的后面。如:
There
are
a
lot
of
students
here,
none
of
whom
like
this
film.
=There
are
a
lot
of
students
here,
of
whom
none
like
this
film.
(1)语法填空。
①He
is
cleaning
the
windows,
many
of
which
are
very
dirty.
②He
has
many
friends,
some
of
whom
are
from
foreign
countries.
(2)句型转换。
①There
lives
an
old
man
near
the
school,
the
son
of
whom
is
working
abroad.
→There
lives
an
old
man
near
the
school,
whose
son
is
working
abroad.
?
②That
tree,
whose
branches
are
almost
bare,
is
very
old.
→That
tree,
of
which
the
branches
are
almost
bare,
is
very
old.
?
主题活动·迁移应用
1.
分析下面的“Travel
brochure”并完成相关练习
France
is
calling
The
Eiffel
Tower
·Visit
the
Eiffel
Tower
to
enjoy
the
tallest
man-made
structure
in
Paris.
The
Louvre
Museum
·Explore
the
Louvre
Museum
to
learn
more
about
French
arts.
The
Mona
Lisa,
the
world’s
most
beloved
portrait,
was
created
by
Leonardo
da
Vinci
between
1503
and
1507.
The
Champs
Elysees
·Travel
along
the
Champs
Elysees,
one
of
the
most
famous
streets
in
the
world.
Explore
its
cinemas,
cafes,
and
luxury
specialty
shops.
You
can
experience
shopping
here.
Question:
Which
items
are
mentioned
in
the
travel
brochure?
(Tick
the
right
items)
答案:
architecture;
museum;
painting;
cinemas;
cafes;
shops
2.
仿照上面的“旅游手册”示例,
根据提示填空
A
travel
brochure
of
Melbourne,
Australia
·Visit
Warrook,
a
working
cattle
farm.
Enjoy
the
(1)opportunity
to
pat
and
feed
(轻拍和喂食的机会)
kangaroos,
wallabies
and
host
of
farm
animals.
?
·Watch
koalas
(2)in
their
natural
habitat
(在它们的自然栖息地)
at
the
Koala
Conservation
Centre.
?
·(3)View
impressive
coastal
scenery
(观看令人印象深刻的海岸风景)
at
Nobbys.
From
the
walkway,
see
Australia’s
(4)largest
population
of/
the
greatest
number
of
(数量最大的)
fur
seals
living
along
the
southern
coastline.
?
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