2021北京大兴高二（上）期末
英语
本试卷共10页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
第一部分
知识运用(共两节，20
分)
第一节
语篇填空(共
10
小题；每小题
1
分，共
10
分)
阅读短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
China's
winter,
from
December
to
February,
will
be
chiller
than
usual,
according
to
a
nationwide
weather
outlook_____1_____(release)
by
authorities
on
Wednesday.
The
forecast,
made_________2_________(joint)
by
the
National
Climate
Center
and
the
Ministry
of
Water
Resources,
said
cold
air
will
be
frequent_______3_______northwestern
and
southern
parts
of
China,
including
the_____4_____(province)
of
Gansu,
Qinghai,
Shaanxi
and
Guizhou,
as
well
as
the
Xinjiang
Uygur
and
Guangxi
Zhuang
autonomous
regions,
_____5_____temperatures
an
average
of
1℃
to
2℃
_____6_____(low)
than
in
previous
winters.
It_____7_____(add)
that
long-lasting
and
large-scale
freezing
weather
or
snowstorms
will
be
less
likely_____8_____(occur)
in
the
south
this
winter,
but
shorter
episodes
of
such
weather_____9_____(witness)
.
Meanwhile,
20
percent
to
50
percent
more
precipitation
than
normal
will
batter
North
China
this
winter,
while
in
the
south
it
will
decrease
by_______10_______same
amount,
the
forecast
said.
第二节
完形填空(共
10
小题；每小题
1
分，共
10
分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的
A、B、C、D
四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
It
was
a
rainy
morning
and
the
children,
mainly
boys
with
various
learning
difficulties,
refused
to
settle
for
the
start
of
the
lesson.
As
an
inexperienced
teacher,
I
tried
every
means
to
get
them
to
be__________11__________,
but
in
vain.
My
panic
was
rising
and
I
could
feel
my
heart
beating
wildly.
This
was
the______12______of
my
job
as
a
music
teacher,
I
thought—teaching
was
not
for
me.
Then
I
had
an
idea.
Hoping
that
no
one
would
notice
that
I
was______13______inside,
I
threw
my
voice
as
far
as
it
would
reach:
“Put
your
heads
on
the
desks
and
close
your
eyes!
We
are
going
on
a
journey.”
____14____,
the
children
fell
silent.
“Now
what
should
I
do?”
I
thought
to
myself.
Reaching
over
to
my
collection
of
CDs,
I
blindly___15___,
put
it
in
the
machine
and
played
it.
Obediently
(顺从地)
,
my
class
lay
their
heads
on
their
desks,
closed
their
eyes
and_____16_____.
When
the
music
started,
the
room
was
filled
with
the
most
beautiful
tones
and
musical
colors
I
could
have
ever
imagined.
All
the
children
were______17______.
When
the
music
finished,
I
asked
them
all
to
raise
their______18______slowly
so
that
we
could
share
our
musical
journeys.
At
this
point,
when
all
the
children
were
willing
to
share
their
experiences,
I
began
to
learn
how
to
teach.
The
music
allowed
me
to
learn
that
teaching
is
about
sharing
and
respect,
tears
and
smiles,
the
knowing
and
the______19______and,
most
of
all,
an
understanding
of
each
other.
This
was
the
power
that_______20_______in
the
classroom
could
have.
11.
A.
glad
B.
safe
C.
kind
D.
quiet
12.
A.
end
B.
aim
C.
rule
D.
plan
13.
A.
guessing
B.
shaking
C.
responding
D.
laughing
14.
A.
Punctually
B.
Importantly
C.
Amazingly
D.
Obviously
15.
A.
passed
one
on
B.
gave
one
back
C.
turned
one
in
D.
took
one
out
16.
A.
slept
B.
nodded
C.
waited
D.
continued
17
A.
talking
B.
singing
C.
dancing
D.
listening
18.
A.
legs
B.
heads
C.
arms
D.
shoulders
19.
A.
unprepared
B.
unspoken
C.
unknown
D.
unforgotten
20.
A.
games
B.
music
C.
tears
D.
knowledge
第二部分
阅读理解(共
20
小题；每小题
2
分，共
40
分)
第一节(共
15
小题；每小题
2
分，共
30
分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的
A、B、C、D
四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Returning
to
a
book
you’ve
read
many
times
can
feel
like
drinks
with
an
old
friend.
There’s
a
welcome
familiarity
-
but
also
sometimes
a
slight
suspicion
that
time
has
changed
you
both,
and
thus
the
relationship.
But
books
don’t
change,
people
do.
And
that’s
what
makes
the
act
of
rereading
so
rich
and
transformative.
The
beauty
of
rereading
lies
in
the
idea
that
our
bond
with
the
work
is
based
on
our
present
mental
register.
It’s
true,
the
older
I
get,
the
more
I
feel
time
has
wings.
But
with
reading,
it’s
all
about
the
present.
It’s
about
the
now
and
what
one
contributes
to
the
now,
because
reading
is
a
give
and
take
between
author
and
reader.
Each
has
to
pull
their
own
weight.
There
are
three
books
I
reread
annually
.The
first,
which
I
take
to
reading
every
spring
is
Emest
Hemningway’s
A
Moveable
Feast.
Published
in
1964,
it’s
his
classic
memoir
of
1920s
Paris.
The
language
is
almost
intoxicating
(令人陶醉的)，an
aging
writer
looking
back
on
an
ambitious
yet
simpler
time.
Another
is
Annie
Dillard’s
Holy
the
Firm,
her
poetic
1975
ramble
(随笔)
about
everything
and
nothing.
The
third
book
is
Julio
Cortazar’s
Save
Twilight:
Selected
Poems,
because
poetry.
And
because
Cortazar.
While
I
tend
to
buy
a
lot
of
books,
these
three
were
given
to
me
as
gifs,
which
might
add
to
the
meaning
I
attach
to
them.
But
I
imagine
that,
while
money
is
indeed
wonderful
and
necessary,
rereading
an
author’s
work
is
the
highest
currency
a
reader
can
pay
them.
The
best
books
are
the
ones
that
open
further
as
time
passes.
But
remember,
it’s
you
that
has
to
grow
and
read
and
reread
in
order
to
better
understand
your
friends.
21.
Why
does
the
author
like
rereading?
A.
It
evaluates
the
writer-reader
relationship.
B.
It’s
a
window
to
a
whole
new
world.
C.
It’s
a
substitute
for
drinking
with
a
friend.
D.
It
extends
the
understanding
of
oneself.
22.
What
do
we
know
about
the
book
A
Moveable
Feast?
A.
It’s
a
brief
account
of
a
trip.
B.
It’s
about
Hemingway’s
life
as
a
young
man.
C.
It’s
a
record
of
a
historic
event.
D.
It’s
about
Hemingway’s
friends
in
Paris.
23.
What
does
the
underlined
word
＂currency＂
in
paragraph
4
refer
to?
A
Debt
B.
Reward.
C.
Allowance.
D.
Face
value.
24.
What
can
we
infer
about
the
author
from
the
text?
A.
He
loves
poetry.
B.
He’s
an
editor.
C.
He’s
very
ambitious.
D.
He
teaches
reading.
B
According
to
a
recent
study
in
the
Journal
of
Consumer
Research,
both
the
size
and
consumption
habits
of
our
eating
companions
can
influence
our
food
intake.
And
contrary
to
existing
research
that
says
you
should
avoid
eating
with
heavier
people
who
order
large
portions(份),
it's
the
beanpoles
with
big
appetites
you
really
need
to
avoid.
To
test
the
effect
of
social
influence
on
eating
habits,
the
researchers
conducted
two
experiments.
In
the
first,
95
undergraduate
women
were
individually
invited
into
a
lab
to
ostensibly(表面上)participate
in
a
study
about
movie
viewership.
Before
the
film
began,
each
woman
was
asked
to
help
herself
to
a
snack.
An
actor
hired
by
the
researchers
grabbed
her
food
first.
In
her
natural
state,
the
actor
weighed
105
pounds.
But
in
half
the
cases
she
wore
a
specially
designed
fat
suit
which
increased
her
weight
to
180
pounds.
Both
the
fat
and
thin
versions
of
the
actor
took
a
large
amount
of
food.
The
participants
followed
suit,
taking
more
food
than
they
normally
would
have.
However,
they
took
significantly
more
when
the
actor
was
thin.
For
the
second
test,
in
one
case
the
thin
actor
took
two
pieces
of
candy
from
the
snack
bowls.
In
the
other
case,
she
took
30
pieces.
The
results
were
similar
to
the
first
test:
the
participants
followed
suit
but
took
significantly
more
candy
when
the
thin
actor
took
30
pieces.
The
tests
show
that
the
social
environment
is
extremely
influential
when
we're
making
decisions.
If
this
fellow
participant
is
going
to
eat
more,
so
will
I.
Call
it
the
“I’ll
have
what
she's
having”
effect.
However,
we'll
adjust
the
influence.
If
an
overweight
person
is
having
a
large
portion,
I'll
hold
back
a
bit
because
I
see
the
results
of
his
eating
habits.
But
if
a
thin
person
eats
a
lot,
I'll
follow
suit.
If
he
can
eat
much
and
keep
slim,
why
can't
I?
25.
What
is
the
recent
study
mainly
about?
A.
Food
safety.
B.
Movie
viewership.
C.
Consumer
demand.
D.
Eating
behavior.
26.
What
does
the
underlined
word
“beanpoles”
in
paragraph
1
refer
to?
A.
Big
eaters.
B.
Overweight
persons.
C.
Picky
eaters.
D.
Tall
thin
persons.
27.
Why
did
the
researchers
hire
the
actor?
A.
To
see
how
she
would
affect
the
participants.
B.
To
test
if
the
participants
could
recognize
her.
C.
To
find
out
what
she
would
do
in
the
two
tests.
D.
To
study
why
she
could
keep
her
weight
down.
28
On
what
basis
do
we
“adjust
the
influence”
according
to
the
last
paragraph?
A.
How
hungry
we
are.
B.
How
slim
we
want
to
be.
C.
How
we
perceive
others.
D.
How
we
feel
about
the
food.
C
Everybody,
at
some
point
in
their
lives,
has
experienced
failure.
It
could
be
something
as
simple
as
not
getting
the
job
you
wanted,
or
getting
fewer
marks
even
after
hard
work.
But
what
makes
you
is
not
your
failure,
but
how
you
get
back
up
after
being
hit.
Once,
a
young
school
boy
was
caught
in
a
fire
accident
in
his
school
and
was
assumed
that
he
would
not
live.
His
mother
was
told
that
he
was
sure
to
die,
for
the
terrible
fire
had
destroyed
the
lower
half
of
his
body.
Even
if
he
were
to
survive,
he
would
be
lame
throughout
his
life.
But
the
brave
boy
did
not
want
to
die
nor
did
he
want
to
be
lame.
Much
to
the
amazement
of
the
doctor,
he
did
survive.
But
unfortunately
from
his
waist
down,
he
had
no
motor
ability.
His
thin
legs
just
hung
there,
lifeless.
Eventually
he
left
the
hospital.
But
his
determination
to
walk
was
unshakable.
At
home,
when
he
was
not
in
bed,
he
had
to
stay
in
a
wheelchair.
One
day,
he
threw
himself
from
the
chair
and
pulled
himself
across
the
grass,
dragging
his
legs
behind
him.
He
reached
the
fence,
raised
himself
up
and
then
began
dragging
himself
along
the
fence,
firmly
determined.
He
did
this
every
day,
with
faith
in
himself
that
he
would
be
able
to
walk
unaided.
With
his
iron
determination,
he
did
develop
the
ability
to
stand
up,
then
to
walk
on
and
off,
then
to
walk
by
himself
and
then
to
run.
He
began
to
walk
to
school,
and
then
run
to
school,
to
run
for
the
joy
of
running.
Later
in
college
he
was
on
the
track
team.
In
February
1934,
in
New
York
City's
Madison
Square
Garden,
this
young
man
who
was
not
expected
to
survive,
who
would
surely
never
walk,
who
could
never
hope
to
run
-
this
determined
young
man,
Dr.
Glenn
Cunningham,
ran
the
world's
fastest
mile.
A
good
example
of
the
power
of
positive
thinking
and
faith
in
oneself,
Glenn
Cunningham
continues
to
be
an
inspiration
for
many,
and
his
story,
a
brilliant
evidence
to
how
one
can
bounce
back
even
when
all
difficulties
are
piled
against
one,
to
the
degree
that
death
seemed
the
preferable
option.
29
The
first
paragraph
is
intended
to
________
A.
present
an
argument
B.
make
preparations
for
statement
C.
arouse
readers'
interest
D.
function
as
a
brief
introduction
30.
What
was
the
doctor's
opinion
about
Glenn?
A.
Glenn
was
able
to
walk
with
his
own
great
effort.
B.
Great
determination
could
make
a
difference
to
Glenn.
C.
There
was
a
slim
chance
that
Glenn
could
survive.
D.
Glenn
could
live
a
normal
life
with
the
upper
halt"
of
his
body.
31.
What
do
we
know
about
Glenn?
A.
Glenn
took
recovery
exercise
in
hospital.
B.
Glenn
inspired
people
with
his
moving
story.
C.
Glenn
won
the
first
place
in
Marathon.
D.
Glenn
organized
a
track
team
in
college.
32.
What
can
be
a
suitable
title
for
the
text?
A.
Strengthen
determination
B.
Stand
up
after
failure
C.
Go
after
dreams
D.
Face
difficulty
bravely
D
Plastic-eating
worms
Humans
produces
more
than
30
million
tons
of
plastic
each
year.
Almost
half
of
that
winds
up
in
landfills(填埋场)
,
and
up
to
12
million
tons
pollute
the
oceans.
So
far
there
is
no
effective
way
to
get
rid
of
it,
but
a
new
study
suggests
that
an
answer
may
lies
in
the
stomachs
of
some
hungry
worms.
Researchers
in
Spain
and
England
recently
found
that
the
worms
of
the
greater
wax
moth
can
breakdown
polyethylene,
which
accounts
for
40%
of
plastics.
The
team
left
100waxwormsona
commercial
polyethylene
shopping
bag
for
12
hours,
and
the
worms
consumed
and
broke
down
about
92
milligrams,
or
almost
3%of
it.
To
confirm
that
the
worm's
chewing
alone
was
not
responsible
for
the
polyethylene
breakdown,
the
researchers
made
some
worms
into
paste(糊状物)
and
applied
it
to
plastic
films
.
14
hours
later
the
films
had
lost
13%of
their
mass—apparently
broken
down
by
enzymes(
酶
)
from
the
worms'
stomachs.
Their
findings
were
published
in
Current
Biology
in
2017.
Federica
Bertocchini,
co-author
of
the
study,
says
the
worms'
ability
to
break
down
their
everyday
food—beeswax—also
allows
them
to
breakdown
plastic.
“Wax
is
a
complex
mixture,
but
the
basic
bond
in
polyethylene,
the
carbon-carbon
bond,
is
there
as
well,”she
explains,
“The
wax
worm
evolved
a
method
or
system
to
break
this
bond.”
Jennifer
Debruyn,
a
microbiologist
at
the
University
di
Tennessee,
who
was
not
involved
in
the
study,
says
it
is
not
surprising
that
such
worms
can
breakdown
polyethylene.
But
compared
with
previous
studies,
she
finds
the
speed
of
breaking
down
in
this
one
exciting.
The
next
step,
Debruyn
says,
will
be
to
identify
the
cause
of
the
breakdown.
Is
it
an
enzyme
produced
by
the
worm
itself
or
by
its
gut
microbes(肠道微生物)
?
Bertocchini
agrees
and
hopes
her
team's
findings
might
one
day
help
employ
the
enzyme
to
breakdown
plastics
in
landfills.
But
she
expects
using
the
chemical
in
some
kind
of
industrial
process—not
simply
“millions
of
worms
thrown
on
top
of
the
plastic”.
33.
What
can
we
learn
about
the
worms
in
the
study?
A.
They
take
plastics
as
their
everyday
food.
B.
They
are
newly
evolved
creatures.
C.
They
can
consume
plastics.
D.
They
wind
up
in
landfills.
34.
It
can
be
inferred
from
the
last
paragraph
that
the
chemical
might
_________.
A.
help
to
raise
worms
B.
help
make
plastic
bags
C.
be
used
to
clean
the
oceans
D.
be
produced
in
factories
in
future
35.
What
is
the
main
purpose
of
the
passage?
A.
To
explain
a
study
method
on
worms.
B.
To
introduce
the
diet
of
a
special
worm.
C.
To
present
a
way
to
breakdown
plastics.
D.
To
propose
new
means
to
keep
eco-balance.
第二节(共
5
小题；每小题
2
分，共
10
分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A
great
life
doesn’t
happen
by
accident.
A
great
life
is
the
result
of
allocating
(分配)
your
time,
energy
and
hard
work
towards
what
you
want
your
life
to
be.
Stop
setting
yourself
up
for
stress
and
failure.
____36____
Make
the
following
secrets
fit
your
own
needs
and
style,
and
start
creating
your
own
great
life
today!
A
great
life
is
the
result
of
simplifying
your
life.
People
often
misunderstand
what
simplify
means.
____37____
Instead,
it’s
a
way
to
free
up
your
energy
and
time
for
the
work
that
you
enjoy
and
the
purpose
for
which
you
are
here.
In
order
to
create
a
great
life,
you
will
have
to
make
room
for
it
first.
A
great
life
is
the
result
of
removing
distractions(分心之事).
Up
to
75%
of
your
mental
energy
can
be
used
in
things
that
are
not
important
but
distracting
you.
Look
around
at
someone’s
life
you
admire.
What
do
they
do
that
you
would
like
to
adopt
in
your
own
life?
Ask
them
how
they
did
it.
____38____
A
great
life
is
the
result
of
your
adjustments.
____39____It
may
mean
thinking
about
again
how
you
spend
your
time,
or
choosing
to
spend
your
money
in
a
different
way.
It
may
mean
looking
for
new
ways
to
spend
your
energy
that
agree
with
your
particular
definition
of
a
great
life.
____40____There’s
the
old
saying
everyone’s
familiar
with
“a
journey
of
a
thousand
miles
begins
with
a
single
step”.
In
order
to
even
move
from
the
couch
to
the
refrigerator,
you
have
to
start.
There’s
no
better
time
to
start
than
today.
It’s
what
you
do
TODAY
that
will
make
a
difference
in
your
life
tomorrow.
A.
A
great
life
is
the
result
of
starting.
B.
Start
setting
up
your
life
to
support
success
and
ease.
C.
A
great
life
is
the
result
of
having
intention.
D.
So
it
requires
that
you
should
make
some
changes.
E.
It’s
not
a
way
to
remove
work
from
your
life.
F.
It’s
easy
to
spend
your
days
on
whatever
gets
your
attention.
G.
Then
you
will
find
ways
to
free
up
your
mental
energy
for
more
important
things.
第三部分
语法和词汇运用(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)
41.
The
thing
about
being
a
teacher
is
that
you
have
a_____
to
children's
minds
when
they
are
open
and
eager
to
learn.
(根据首字母单词拼写)
42.
That
is
the
way
I
roll,
no
matter
what
it
is
I'm
a_____
myself
to.
(根据首字母单词拼写)
43.
How
often
do
we
gets
_______in
traffic
jams?
(用适当的词填空)
44.
We
all
know
that
if
we
are
in
a
bad
_________(心情)
,
we
are
likely
to
express
negative
attitudes
and
feelings.
(根据汉语意思拼写)
45.
It
helps
you
to
understand
what
is
wrong
and
what
is
right,
explore
the
truth
and
develop
cognition，
r______
of
whether
it's
easy
or
what
others'
opinions
are.
(根据首字母单词拼写)
46.
The
police
______(arrest)
the
man
who
had
broken
into
a
jewellery
shop.
(所给词的适当形式填空)
47.
We
retired
from
________(work)
all
day.
(所给词的适当形式填空)
48.
It
is
snowing
heavily,________makes
children
feel
excited.(用适当的词填空)
49.
Liu
sings
_________
(beautiful)
and
won
the
first
prize
in
the
singing
competition.
(所给词的适当形式填空)
50.
I
had
my
washing
machine
________(fix)
.
(所给词的适当形式填空)
第四部分
书面表达(共25分)
51.
为了共同防控新型冠状病毒性肺炎疫情，疫情期间教育部曾发布了延期开学的通知，全国各地执行“停课不停教，停课不停学”的工作安排，学生在家进行了网课学习。假定你是晨光中学的李华，作为参与网课学习的一员，请你向校刊《晨光日报》（Chen
Guang
Daily）)所开辟的“线上教学”（Online
Teaching）专栏投稿，
就网课学习体验谈谈线上教学的思考。
内容包括：(1)线上教学的利弊；
(2)个人观点与看法
注意事项：(1)词数不少于100词；
(2)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
(3)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：新型冠状病毒性肺炎
COVID-19
Dear
Editor，
I’m
Li
Hua
from
Chen
Guang
High
School.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours
sincerely,2021北京大兴高二（上）期末
英语
本试卷共10页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
第一部分
知识运用(共两节，20
分)
第一节
语篇填空(共
10
小题；每小题
1
分，共
10
分)
阅读短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
China's
winter,
from
December
to
February,
will
be
chiller
than
usual,
according
to
a
nationwide
weather
outlook_____1_____(release)
by
authorities
on
Wednesday.
The
forecast,
made_________2_________(joint)
by
the
National
Climate
Center
and
the
Ministry
of
Water
Resources,
said
cold
air
will
be
frequent_______3_______northwestern
and
southern
parts
of
China,
including
the_____4_____(province)
of
Gansu,
Qinghai,
Shaanxi
and
Guizhou,
as
well
as
the
Xinjiang
Uygur
and
Guangxi
Zhuang
autonomous
regions,
_____5_____temperatures
an
average
of
1℃
to
2℃
_____6_____(low)
than
in
previous
winters.
It_____7_____(add)
that
long-lasting
and
large-scale
freezing
weather
or
snowstorms
will
be
less
likely_____8_____(occur)
in
the
south
this
winter,
but
shorter
episodes
of
such
weather_____9_____(witness)
.
Meanwhile,
20
percent
to
50
percent
more
precipitation
than
normal
will
batter
North
China
this
winter,
while
in
the
south
it
will
decrease
by_______10_______same
amount,
the
forecast
said.
【答案】1.
released
2.
jointly
3.
in
4.
provinces
5.
with
6.
lower
7.
added
8.
to
occur
9.
will
be
witnessed
10.
the
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。周三，有关部门发布的全国天气展望报告显示，12月至2月，我国冬季将比往年更冷。文章主要介绍了这次报告关于今年冬天的一些情况，包括平均气温、气象灾害的发生和降水量情况等。
【1题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：周三，有关部门发布的全国天气展望报告显示，12月至2月，我国冬季将比往年更冷。分析句子结构可知release在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语a
nationwide
weather
outlook构成被动关系，故应用过去分词作定语。故填released。
【2题详解】
考查副词。句意：国家气候中心和水利部联合作出的预报说，我国西北和南部地区，包括甘肃、青海、陕西、贵州等省，以及新疆维吾尔自治区和广西壮族自治区，冷空气将频繁出现，平均气温比往年冬季低1℃至2℃。修饰动词make应用副词jointly，作状语。故填jointly。
【3题详解】
考查介词。句意：国家气候中心和水利部联合作出的预报说，我国西北和南部地区，包括甘肃、青海、陕西、贵州等省，以及新疆维吾尔自治区和广西壮族自治区，冷空气将频繁出现，平均气温比往年冬季低1℃至2℃。结合句意表示“在……地区内”应用介词in。故填in。
【4题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：国家气候中心和水利部联合作出的预报说，我国西北和南部地区，包括甘肃、青海、陕西、贵州等省，以及新疆维吾尔自治区和广西壮族自治区，冷空气将频繁出现，平均气温比往年冬季低1℃至2℃。province为可数名词，根据后文of
Gansu,
Qinghai,
Shaanxi
and
Guizhou可知应用复数。故填provinces。
【5题详解】
考查介词。句意：国家气候中心和水利部联合作出的预报说，我国西北和南部地区，包括甘肃、青海、陕西、贵州等省，以及新疆维吾尔自治区和广西壮族自治区，冷空气将频繁出现，平均气温比往年冬季低1℃至2℃。此处表示“伴随着......”应用介词with。故填with。
【6题详解】
考查比较级。句意：国家气候中心和水利部联合作出的预报说，我国西北和南部地区，包括甘肃、青海、陕西、贵州等省，以及新疆维吾尔自治区和广西壮族自治区，冷空气将频繁出现，平均气温比往年冬季低1℃至2℃。根据后文“than
in
previous
winters”可知low应用比较级形式lower。故填lower。
【7题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：报告还说，今年冬天，南方地区持续时间较长、规模较大的冰冻天气或暴风雪将不太可能发生，但会出现较短的冰冻天气或暴风雪。此处描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时。故填added。
【8题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：报告还说，今年冬天，南方地区持续时间较长、规模较大的冰冻天气或暴风雪将不太可能发生，但会出现较短的冰冻天气或暴风雪。结合句意表示“不太可能做某事”可知短语为be
less
likely
to
do
sth.。故填to
occur。
【9题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：报告还说，今年冬天，南方地区持续时间较长、规模较大的冰冻天气或暴风雪将不太可能发生，但会出现较短的冰冻天气或暴风雪。根据上文“long-lasting
and
large-scale
freezing
weather
or
snowstorms
will
be
less
likely”可知应用一般将来时，表示将要发生的事情，且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，用一般将来时的被动语态。故填will
be
witnessed。
【10题详解】
考查冠词。句意：与此同时，预报称，今年冬天华北地区的降水量将比往年多20%至50%，而南方地区的降水量将减少相同数量。结合句意表示“相同”可知短语为the
same。故填the。
第二节
完形填空(共
10
小题；每小题
1
分，共
10
分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的
A、B、C、D
四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
It
was
a
rainy
morning
and
the
children,
mainly
boys
with
various
learning
difficulties,
refused
to
settle
for
the
start
of
the
lesson.
As
an
inexperienced
teacher,
I
tried
every
means
to
get
them
to
be__________11__________,
but
in
vain.
My
panic
was
rising
and
I
could
feel
my
heart
beating
wildly.
This
was
the______12______of
my
job
as
a
music
teacher,
I
thought—teaching
was
not
for
me.
Then
I
had
an
idea.
Hoping
that
no
one
would
notice
that
I
was______13______inside,
I
threw
my
voice
as
far
as
it
would
reach:
“Put
your
heads
on
the
desks
and
close
your
eyes!
We
are
going
on
a
journey.”
____14____,
the
children
fell
silent.
“Now
what
should
I
do?”
I
thought
to
myself.
Reaching
over
to
my
collection
of
CDs,
I
blindly___15___,
put
it
in
the
machine
and
played
it.
Obediently
(顺从地)
,
my
class
lay
their
heads
on
their
desks,
closed
their
eyes
and_____16_____.
When
the
music
started,
the
room
was
filled
with
the
most
beautiful
tones
and
musical
colors
I
could
have
ever
imagined.
All
the
children
were______17______.
When
the
music
finished,
I
asked
them
all
to
raise
their______18______slowly
so
that
we
could
share
our
musical
journeys.
At
this
point,
when
all
the
children
were
willing
to
share
their
experiences,
I
began
to
learn
how
to
teach.
The
music
allowed
me
to
learn
that
teaching
is
about
sharing
and
respect,
tears
and
smiles,
the
knowing
and
the______19______and,
most
of
all,
an
understanding
of
each
other.
This
was
the
power
that_______20_______in
the
classroom
could
have.
11.
A.
glad
B.
safe
C.
kind
D.
quiet
12.
A.
end
B.
aim
C.
rule
D.
plan
13.
A.
guessing
B.
shaking
C.
responding
D.
laughing
14.
A.
Punctually
B.
Importantly
C.
Amazingly
D.
Obviously
15.
A.
passed
one
on
B.
gave
one
back
C.
turned
one
in
D.
took
one
out
16.
A.
slept
B.
nodded
C.
waited
D.
continued
17.
A.
talking
B.
singing
C.
dancing
D.
listening
18.
A.
legs
B.
heads
C.
arms
D.
shoulders
19.
A.
unprepared
B.
unspoken
C.
unknown
D.
unforgotten
20.
A.
games
B.
music
C.
tears
D.
knowledge
【答案】11.
D
12.
A
13.
B
14.
C
15.
D
16.
C
17.
D
18.
B
19.
C
20.
B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者一次上音乐课的经历，通过改变教学方式，“失控课堂”即可变成“乐学”课堂，同时作者也告诉读者音乐的力量在于它使人们能够相互理解。
【11题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一个没有经验的老师，我想尽一切办法让他们安静下来，但没有成功。A.
glad高兴的；B.
safe安全的；C.
kind善良的；D.
quiet安静的。由上文的“mainly
boys
with
various
learning
difficulties，refused
to
settle
for
the
start
of
the
lesson”和下文的“the
children
fell
silent”可知，一开始孩子们拒绝安心开始上课（说明孩子们很吵闹），所以作为老师的作者，想让他们安静下来。故选D项。
【12题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我认为音乐教师的工作到头了，教学不适合我。A.
end结束；B.
aim目标；C.
rule规则；D.
plan计划。由下文的“I
thought—teaching
was
not
for
me”可知，作者认为教学不适合自己，所以觉得音乐教师这一工作要结束了、到头了。故选A项。
【13题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：希望没有人注意到我内心在发抖，我把声音尽量往外抛：“把头放在桌子上，闭上眼睛！我们要去旅行。”A.
guessing猜测；B.
shaking颤抖；C.
responding响应；D.
laughing嘲笑。由上文的“My
panic
was
rising
and
I
could
feel
my
heart
beating
wildly.”可知，作者很恐慌、心脏在狂跳，说明作者内心并不平静，在颤抖。故选B项。
【14题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：令人惊奇的是，孩子们安静了下来。A.
Punctually准时地；B.
Importantly重要地；C.
Amazingly令人惊奇地；D.
Obviously明显地。由上文语境和“Put
your
heads
on
the
desks
and
close
your
eyes!
We
are
going
on
a
journey.”可知，一开始作者想尽办法都不能让孩子们安静下来，可作者说了“把头放在桌子上，闭上眼睛！我们要去旅行。”这句话后，孩子们就安静下来，这很令作者惊讶。故选C项。
【15题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我伸手去拿我收藏的CD，盲目地拿出一张，放进机器里播放。A.
passed
one
on传递；B.
gave
one
back回馈；C.
turned
one
in上交；D.
took
one
out拿出、取出。由上文的“Reaching
over
to
my
collection
of
CDs”和下文的“put
it
in
the
machine
and
played
it”可知，作者伸手去拿收藏的CD并播放了，说明作者拿出了一张CD。故选D项。
【16题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：顺从地，我们班的学生把头靠在课桌上，闭上眼睛等着。A.
slept睡觉；B.
nodded点头；C.
waited等待；D.
continued继续。由上文的“my
class
lay
their
heads
on
their
desks,
closed
their
eyes”和下文的“When
the
music
started”可知，音乐还未开始，孩子们把头靠在课桌上，闭上眼睛是为了等着听音乐。故选C项。
【17题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所有的孩子都在听。A.
talking谈话；B.
singing唱歌；C.
dancing跳舞；D.
listening倾听。由上文的“my
class
lay
their
heads
on
their
desks,
closed
their
eyes
and_____6_____.”可知，作者班上的孩子们都把头靠在课桌上，闭上眼睛，这是为了等着听音乐，说明所有的孩子都在听。故选D项。
【18题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：音乐结束后，我让他们慢慢抬起头来，这样我们就可以分享我们的音乐之旅。A.
legs腿；B.
heads头；C.
arms手臂；D.
shoulders肩膀。由上文的“my
class
lay
their
heads
on
their
desks”可知，听音乐前，班上的孩子们都把头靠在课桌上，所以听完后，作者让孩子们抬起头来。故选B项。
【19题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：音乐让我明白了教学是关于分享和尊重，眼泪和微笑，知道和未知，最重要的是，相互理解。A.
unprepared无准备的；B.
unspoken默契的；C.
unknown未知的；D.
unforgotten牢记的。由上文的“tears
and
smiles”可知，眼泪和微笑是一对反义词，此处用unknown和前文形成对比。故选C项。
【20题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是教室里音乐所能拥有的力量。A.
games游戏；B.
music音乐；C.
tears眼泪；D.
knowledge知识。由上文语境可知，作者想尽办法都不能让孩子们安静下来，而音乐瞬间使孩子们安静下来，并让作者也明白了教学是什么，这体现了教室里音乐所能拥有的力量。故选B项。
第二部分
阅读理解(共
20
小题；每小题
2
分，共
40
分)
第一节(共
15
小题；每小题
2
分，共
30
分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的
A、B、C、D
四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Returning
to
a
book
you’ve
read
many
times
can
feel
like
drinks
with
an
old
friend.
There’s
a
welcome
familiarity
-
but
also
sometimes
a
slight
suspicion
that
time
has
changed
you
both,
and
thus
the
relationship.
But
books
don’t
change,
people
do.
And
that’s
what
makes
the
act
of
rereading
so
rich
and
transformative.
The
beauty
of
rereading
lies
in
the
idea
that
our
bond
with
the
work
is
based
on
our
present
mental
register.
It’s
true,
the
older
I
get,
the
more
I
feel
time
has
wings.
But
with
reading,
it’s
all
about
the
present.
It’s
about
the
now
and
what
one
contributes
to
the
now,
because
reading
is
a
give
and
take
between
author
and
reader.
Each
has
to
pull
their
own
weight.
There
are
three
books
I
reread
annually
.The
first,
which
I
take
to
reading
every
spring
is
Emest
Hemningway’s
A
Moveable
Feast.
Published
in
1964,
it’s
his
classic
memoir
of
1920s
Paris.
The
language
is
almost
intoxicating
(令人陶醉的)，an
aging
writer
looking
back
on
an
ambitious
yet
simpler
time.
Another
is
Annie
Dillard’s
Holy
the
Firm,
her
poetic
1975
ramble
(随笔)
about
everything
and
nothing.
The
third
book
is
Julio
Cortazar’s
Save
Twilight:
Selected
Poems,
because
poetry.
And
because
Cortazar.
While
I
tend
to
buy
a
lot
of
books,
these
three
were
given
to
me
as
gifs,
which
might
add
to
the
meaning
I
attach
to
them.
But
I
imagine
that,
while
money
is
indeed
wonderful
and
necessary,
rereading
an
author’s
work
is
the
highest
currency
a
reader
can
pay
them.
The
best
books
are
the
ones
that
open
further
as
time
passes.
But
remember,
it’s
you
that
has
to
grow
and
read
and
reread
in
order
to
better
understand
your
friends.
21.
Why
does
the
author
like
rereading?
A.
It
evaluates
the
writer-reader
relationship.
B.
It’s
a
window
to
a
whole
new
world.
C.
It’s
a
substitute
for
drinking
with
a
friend.
D.
It
extends
the
understanding
of
oneself.
22.
What
do
we
know
about
the
book
A
Moveable
Feast?
A.
It’s
a
brief
account
of
a
trip.
B.
It’s
about
Hemingway’s
life
as
a
young
man.
C.
It’s
a
record
of
a
historic
event.
D.
It’s
about
Hemingway’s
friends
in
Paris.
23
What
does
the
underlined
word
＂currency＂
in
paragraph
4
refer
to?
A.
Debt
B.
Reward.
C.
Allowance.
D.
Face
value.
24.
What
can
we
infer
about
the
author
from
the
text?
A.
He
loves
poetry.
B.
He’s
an
editor.
C
He’s
very
ambitious.
D.
He
teaches
reading.
【答案】21.
D
22.
B
23.
B
24.
A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了重新阅读的意义和益处并向读者介绍了作者每年重读的三本书。作者鼓励读者去重新阅读书籍。
【21题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句“But
books
don’t
change,
people
do.
And
that’s
what
makes
the
act
of
rereading
so
rich
and
transformative.(但是书没变，人变了。那就是使重新阅读行为如此丰富和富于变化之处)”和第二段“The
beauty
of
rereading
lies
in
that
our
bond
with
the
work
is
based
on
our
present
register.
It
is
true,
the
older
I
get,
the
more
I
feel
time
has
wings.(重新阅读的美妙之处在于我们与作品的联系是基于我们现在的心理状态。真的，我年纪越大，就越觉得时光飞逝。)”可推知，作者喜欢重新阅读是因为重新阅读可以扩展对自己的理解。故选D项。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Published
in
1964,
it’s
his
classic
memoir
of
1920s
Paris.”及“an
aging
writer
looking
back
on
an
ambitious
yet
simpler
time”可知，这本书出版于1964年，这是他关于20世纪20年代在巴黎的经典回忆录，是他老年时对那些野心勃勃却更简单的日子的回顾。由此可判断出A
Movable
Feast是关于海明威年轻时的生活。故选B项。
【23题详解】
词义猜测题。根据最后一段中“while
money
is
indeed
wonderful
and
necessary,(虽然金钱确实是美妙而必要的)”可知，前后句为转折关系，根据上下文的语境可推知，“rereading
an
author’s
work
is
the
highest
currency
a
reader
can
pay
them.”意为“但是但重新阅读作品是读者能支付给他们的最高回报”，由此判断出划线词的意思是“回报”。故选B项。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The
third
book
is
Julio
Cortázar’s
Save
Twilight:
selected
poems,
because
poetry.(第三本书是胡里奥·科塔扎的《拯救暮光之城:
诗歌精选》，因为诗歌)”可知，作者是由于喜欢诗歌而喜欢这本书。故选A项。
B
According
to
a
recent
study
in
the
Journal
of
Consumer
Research,
both
the
size
and
consumption
habits
of
our
eating
companions
can
influence
our
food
intake.
And
contrary
to
existing
research
that
says
you
should
avoid
eating
with
heavier
people
who
order
large
portions(份),
it's
the
beanpoles
with
big
appetites
you
really
need
to
avoid.
To
test
the
effect
of
social
influence
on
eating
habits,
the
researchers
conducted
two
experiments.
In
the
first,
95
undergraduate
women
were
individually
invited
into
a
lab
to
ostensibly(表面上)participate
in
a
study
about
movie
viewership.
Before
the
film
began,
each
woman
was
asked
to
help
herself
to
a
snack.
An
actor
hired
by
the
researchers
grabbed
her
food
first.
In
her
natural
state,
the
actor
weighed
105
pounds.
But
in
half
the
cases
she
wore
a
specially
designed
fat
suit
which
increased
her
weight
to
180
pounds.
Both
the
fat
and
thin
versions
of
the
actor
took
a
large
amount
of
food.
The
participants
followed
suit,
taking
more
food
than
they
normally
would
have.
However,
they
took
significantly
more
when
the
actor
was
thin.
For
the
second
test,
in
one
case
the
thin
actor
took
two
pieces
of
candy
from
the
snack
bowls.
In
the
other
case,
she
took
30
pieces.
The
results
were
similar
to
the
first
test:
the
participants
followed
suit
but
took
significantly
more
candy
when
the
thin
actor
took
30
pieces.
The
tests
show
that
the
social
environment
is
extremely
influential
when
we're
making
decisions.
If
this
fellow
participant
is
going
to
eat
more,
so
will
I.
Call
it
the
“I’ll
have
what
she's
having”
effect.
However,
we'll
adjust
the
influence.
If
an
overweight
person
is
having
a
large
portion,
I'll
hold
back
a
bit
because
I
see
the
results
of
his
eating
habits.
But
if
a
thin
person
eats
a
lot,
I'll
follow
suit.
If
he
can
eat
much
and
keep
slim,
why
can't
I?
25.
What
is
the
recent
study
mainly
about?
A.
Food
safety.
B.
Movie
viewership.
C.
Consumer
demand.
D.
Eating
behavior.
26.
What
does
the
underlined
word
“beanpoles”
in
paragraph
1
refer
to?
A.
Big
eaters.
B.
Overweight
persons.
C.
Picky
eaters.
D.
Tall
thin
persons.
27.
Why
did
the
researchers
hire
the
actor?
A.
To
see
how
she
would
affect
the
participants.
B.
To
test
if
the
participants
could
recognize
her.
C.
To
find
out
what
she
would
do
in
the
two
tests.
D.
To
study
why
she
could
keep
her
weight
down.
28.
On
what
basis
do
we
“adjust
the
influence”
according
to
the
last
paragraph?
A.
How
hungry
we
are.
B.
How
slim
we
want
to
be.
C.
How
we
perceive
others.
D.
How
we
feel
about
the
food.
【答案】25.
D
26.
D
27.
A
28.
C
【解析】
本文是说明文。最近的研究表明：我们的饮食伙伴的大小和消费习惯都会影响我们的食物摄入量。文章详述了这个实验的过程。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“According
to
a
recent
study
in
the
Journal
of
Consumer
Research,
both
the
size
and
consumption
habits
of
our
eating
companions
can
influence
our
food
intake”可知，根据消费者研究杂志最近的一项研究，我们的饮食伙伴的大小和消费习惯都会影响我们的食物摄入量。因此这项研究是关于饮食行为的。故选D。
【26题详解】
词义猜测题。根据前半句“And
contrary
to
existing
research
that
says
you
should
avoid
eating
with
heavier
people
who
order
large
portions（份）”可知，现有的研究认为：你应该避免和体重较重、点大份饭菜的人一起吃饭。后半句认为，你真正应该避免的是the
beanpoles
with
big
appetites。由contrary
to可推断出，画线词和heavier
people（超重的人）相反，结合选项，D选项（瘦瘦高高的人）正好和heavier
people正好相反。故选D。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“To
test
the
effect
of
social
influence
on
eating
habits,
the
researchers
conducted
two
experiments”可知，
为了测试社会影响对饮食习惯的影响，研究人员进行了两个实验。根据倒数第三段的内容可知，在两个实验中，胖的和瘦的演员都吃了大量的食物。参与者也照做，吃的食物比平常多。
然而，当演员是瘦的时候，参与者们服用的食物更多。由此推断，研究人员雇用演员是为了看看她如何影响参与者。故选A。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“If
an
overweight
person
is
having
a
large
portion,
I’ll
hold
back
a
bit
because
I
see
the
results
of
his
eating
habits.
But
if
a
thin
person
eats
a
lot,
I’ll
follow
suit.
If
he
can
eat
much
and
keep
slim,
why
can’t
I?
”可知，如果一个超重的人吃很大一份，我会忍住一点，因为我看到了他饮食习惯的结果。但如果一个瘦的人吃很多，我会跟着做。如果他吃得多保持苗条，为什么我不能呢？
因此推断我们是根据我们对他人的看法（即：如何看待他人）来调整影响的。故选C。
C
Everybody,
at
some
point
in
their
lives,
has
experienced
failure.
It
could
be
something
as
simple
as
not
getting
the
job
you
wanted,
or
getting
fewer
marks
even
after
hard
work.
But
what
makes
you
is
not
your
failure,
but
how
you
get
back
up
after
being
hit.
Once,
a
young
school
boy
was
caught
in
a
fire
accident
in
his
school
and
was
assumed
that
he
would
not
live.
His
mother
was
told
that
he
was
sure
to
die,
for
the
terrible
fire
had
destroyed
the
lower
half
of
his
body.
Even
if
he
were
to
survive,
he
would
be
lame
throughout
his
life.
But
the
brave
boy
did
not
want
to
die
nor
did
he
want
to
be
lame.
Much
to
the
amazement
of
the
doctor,
he
did
survive.
But
unfortunately
from
his
waist
down,
he
had
no
motor
ability.
His
thin
legs
just
hung
there,
lifeless.
Eventually
he
left
the
hospital.
But
his
determination
to
walk
was
unshakable.
At
home,
when
he
was
not
in
bed,
he
had
to
stay
in
a
wheelchair.
One
day,
he
threw
himself
from
the
chair
and
pulled
himself
across
the
grass,
dragging
his
legs
behind
him.
He
reached
the
fence,
raised
himself
up
and
then
began
dragging
himself
along
the
fence,
firmly
determined.
He
did
this
every
day,
with
faith
in
himself
that
he
would
be
able
to
walk
unaided.
With
his
iron
determination,
he
did
develop
the
ability
to
stand
up,
then
to
walk
on
and
off,
then
to
walk
by
himself
and
then
to
run.
He
began
to
walk
to
school,
and
then
run
to
school,
to
run
for
the
joy
of
running.
Later
in
college
he
was
on
the
track
team.
In
February
1934,
in
New
York
City's
Madison
Square
Garden,
this
young
man
who
was
not
expected
to
survive,
who
would
surely
never
walk,
who
could
never
hope
to
run
-
this
determined
young
man,
Dr.
Glenn
Cunningham,
ran
the
world's
fastest
mile.
A
good
example
of
the
power
of
positive
thinking
and
faith
in
oneself,
Glenn
Cunningham
continues
to
be
an
inspiration
for
many,
and
his
story,
a
brilliant
evidence
to
how
one
can
bounce
back
even
when
all
difficulties
are
piled
against
one,
to
the
degree
that
death
seemed
the
preferable
option.
29.
The
first
paragraph
is
intended
to
________
A.
present
an
argument
B.
make
preparations
for
statement
C.
arouse
readers'
interest
D.
function
as
a
brief
introduction
30.
What
was
the
doctor's
opinion
about
Glenn?
A.
Glenn
was
able
to
walk
with
his
own
great
effort.
B.
Great
determination
could
make
a
difference
to
Glenn.
C.
There
was
a
slim
chance
that
Glenn
could
survive.
D.
Glenn
could
live
a
normal
life
with
the
upper
halt"
of
his
body.
31.
What
do
we
know
about
Glenn?
A.
Glenn
took
recovery
exercise
in
hospital.
B.
Glenn
inspired
people
with
his
moving
story.
C.
Glenn
won
the
first
place
in
Marathon.
D.
Glenn
organized
a
track
team
in
college.
32.
What
can
be
a
suitable
title
for
the
text?
A.
Strengthen
determination
B.
Stand
up
after
failure
C.
Go
after
dreams
D.
Face
difficulty
bravely
【答案】29.
D
30.
C
31.
B
32.
B
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇议论文。每个人在人生的某个阶段都经历过失败。文章通过Glenn幸存的故事，告诉我们“让你成功的不是你的失败，而是你如何在被打击后重新站起来。”
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中Everybody,
at
some
point
in
their
lives,
has
experienced
failure.
和
But
what
makes
you
is
not
your
failure,
but
how
you
get
back
up
after
being
hit.可知，第一段的作用是作一个简短的介绍。故选D。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中Much
to
the
amazement
of
the
doctor,
he
did
survive.可知，医生认为Glenn生还的机会很小。故选C。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中A
good
example
of
the
power
of
positive
thinking
and
faith
in
one's
self,
Glenn
Cunningham
continues
to
be
an
inspiration
for
many,可知，Glenn以他感人的故事激励人们。故选B。
【32题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句But
what
makes
you
is
not
your
failure,
but
how
you
get
back
up
after
being
hit.“让你成功的不是你的失败，而是你如何在被打击后重新站起来。”可知本文最佳主题是B项Stand
up
after
failure。
【点睛】抓住文章主线和关键词语，归纳文章中心
要注意不是所有的段落都有主题句，有时主题句暗含在句中。阅读这样的文章，就需要自己根据文章的细节来分析，概括出段落的主题，从而推导出文章的主旨。分析的方法是：先弄清该段落主要讲了哪几方面的内容，这些内容在逻辑上有什么联系，然后加以归纳形成主题。本题第4小题，根据第一段最后一句But
what
makes
you
is
not
your
failure,
but
how
you
get
back
up
after
being
hit.“让你成功的不是你的失败，而是你如何在被打击后重新站起来。”可知本文最佳主题是B项Stand
up
after
failure。
D
Plastic-eating
worms
Humans
produces
more
than
30
million
tons
of
plastic
each
year.
Almost
half
of
that
winds
up
in
landfills(填埋场)
,
and
up
to
12
million
tons
pollute
the
oceans.
So
far
there
is
no
effective
way
to
get
rid
of
it,
but
a
new
study
suggests
that
an
answer
may
lies
in
the
stomachs
of
some
hungry
worms.
Researchers
in
Spain
and
England
recently
found
that
the
worms
of
the
greater
wax
moth
can
breakdown
polyethylene,
which
accounts
for
40%
of
plastics.
The
team
left
100waxwormsona
commercial
polyethylene
shopping
bag
for
12
hours,
and
the
worms
consumed
and
broke
down
about
92
milligrams,
or
almost
3%of
it.
To
confirm
that
the
worm's
chewing
alone
was
not
responsible
for
the
polyethylene
breakdown,
the
researchers
made
some
worms
into
paste(糊状物)
and
applied
it
to
plastic
films
.
14
hours
later
the
films
had
lost
13%of
their
mass—apparently
broken
down
by
enzymes(
酶
)
from
the
worms'
stomachs.
Their
findings
were
published
in
Current
Biology
in
2017.
Federica
Bertocchini,
co-author
of
the
study,
says
the
worms'
ability
to
break
down
their
everyday
food—beeswax—also
allows
them
to
breakdown
plastic.
“Wax
is
a
complex
mixture,
but
the
basic
bond
in
polyethylene,
the
carbon-carbon
bond,
is
there
as
well,”she
explains,
“The
wax
worm
evolved
a
method
or
system
to
break
this
bond.”
Jennifer
Debruyn,
a
microbiologist
at
the
University
di
Tennessee,
who
was
not
involved
in
the
study,
says
it
is
not
surprising
that
such
worms
can
breakdown
polyethylene.
But
compared
with
previous
studies,
she
finds
the
speed
of
breaking
down
in
this
one
exciting.
The
next
step,
Debruyn
says,
will
be
to
identify
the
cause
of
the
breakdown.
Is
it
an
enzyme
produced
by
the
worm
itself
or
by
its
gut
microbes(肠道微生物)
?
Bertocchini
agrees
and
hopes
her
team's
findings
might
one
day
help
employ
the
enzyme
to
breakdown
plastics
in
landfills.
But
she
expects
using
the
chemical
in
some
kind
of
industrial
process—not
simply
“millions
of
worms
thrown
on
top
of
the
plastic”.
33.
What
can
we
learn
about
the
worms
in
the
study?
A.
They
take
plastics
as
their
everyday
food.
B.
They
are
newly
evolved
creatures.
C.
They
can
consume
plastics.
D.
They
wind
up
in
landfills.
34
It
can
be
inferred
from
the
last
paragraph
that
the
chemical
might
_________.
A.
help
to
raise
worms
B.
help
make
plastic
bags
C.
be
used
to
clean
the
oceans
D.
be
produced
in
factories
in
future
35.
What
is
the
main
purpose
of
the
passage?
A.
To
explain
a
study
method
on
worms.
B.
To
introduce
the
diet
of
a
special
worm.
C.
To
present
a
way
to
breakdown
plastics.
D.
To
propose
new
means
to
keep
eco-balance.
【答案】33.
C
34.
D
35.
C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种吃塑料的虫子大腊螟，它胃中的酶能够降解塑料，这为解决塑料污染提供了新的途径。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Federica
Bertocchini,
co-author
of
the
study,
says
the
worms'
ability
to
break
down
their
everyday
food—beeswax—also
allows
them
to
breakdown
plastic.
”
Federica
Bertocchini说，这种蠕虫分解它们日常食物——蜂蜡——的能力也让它们能够分解塑料，由此可知这种蠕虫可以消耗塑料。故选C。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“But
she
expects
using
the
chemical
in
some
kind
of
industrial
process—not
simply
“millions
of
worms
thrown
on
top
of
the
plastic
”
但Bertocchini希望在某些工业过程中使用这种化学物质，而不是简单地“把几百万只虫子扔到塑料上”，由此可推断，将来工厂可能会生产这种化学物质。故选D。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段最后一句“So
far
there
is
no
effective
way
to
get
rid
of
it,
but
a
new
study
suggests
that
an
answer
may
lies
in
the
stomachs
of
some
hungry
worms.
”
到目前为止，还没有有效的方法来摆脱它，但一项新的研究表明，答案可能就在一些饥饿的蠕虫的胃里。以及最后一段最后一句“But
she
expects
using
the
chemical
in
some
kind
of
industrial
process—not
simply
“millions
of
worms
thrown
on
top
of
the
plastic
”
但她希望在某些工业过程中使用这种化学物质，而不是简单地“把几百万只虫子扔到塑料上”，由此可推断文章就是在介绍一种分解塑料的方法，故选C。
【点睛】推理判断题的推断对象主要包括隐含意思、目标读者、观点态度、文章出处、写作意图等。以推断隐含意义的题目居多。推断隐含意义，即要求根据文章的某个句子、段落或全文所提供的事实进行逻辑推理，推断出作者没有提到、没有明说或者可能发生的事实。题干中常含infer（推断），suggest（暗示），imply（暗示），indicate（暗示），conclude（推断，得出结论）等词语。解此类题，首先找到相关信息，然后细读、理解相关信息的字面意义，最后结合语境和常识，在字面意义的基础上进行符合逻辑的推断，从而理解作者的言外之意。如小题3，根据文章第一段最后一句“So
far
there
is
no
effective
way
to
get
rid
of
it,
but
a
new
study
suggests
that
an
answer
may
lies
in
the
stomachs
of
some
hungry
worms.
”
到目前为止，还没有有效的方法来摆脱它，但一项新的研究表明，答案可能就在一些饥饿的蠕虫的胃里。以及最后一段最后一句“But
she
expects
using
the
chemical
in
some
kind
of
industrial
process—not
simply
“millions
of
worms
thrown
on
top
of
the
plastic
”
但她希望在某些工业过程中使用这种化学物质，而不是简单地“把几百万只虫子扔到塑料上”，由此可推断文章就是在介绍一种分解塑料的方法，故选C。
第二节(共
5
小题；每小题
2
分，共
10
分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A
great
life
doesn’t
happen
by
accident.
A
great
life
is
the
result
of
allocating
(分配)
your
time,
energy
and
hard
work
towards
what
you
want
your
life
to
be.
Stop
setting
yourself
up
for
stress
and
failure.
____36____
Make
the
following
secrets
fit
your
own
needs
and
style,
and
start
creating
your
own
great
life
today!
A
great
life
is
the
result
of
simplifying
your
life.
People
often
misunderstand
what
simplify
means.
____37____
Instead,
it’s
a
way
to
free
up
your
energy
and
time
for
the
work
that
you
enjoy
and
the
purpose
for
which
you
are
here.
In
order
to
create
a
great
life,
you
will
have
to
make
room
for
it
first.
A
great
life
is
the
result
of
removing
distractions(分心之事).
Up
to
75%
of
your
mental
energy
can
be
used
in
things
that
are
not
important
but
distracting
you.
Look
around
at
someone’s
life
you
admire.
What
do
they
do
that
you
would
like
to
adopt
in
your
own
life?
Ask
them
how
they
did
it.
____38____
A
great
life
is
the
result
of
your
adjustments.
____39____It
may
mean
thinking
about
again
how
you
spend
your
time,
or
choosing
to
spend
your
money
in
a
different
way.
It
may
mean
looking
for
new
ways
to
spend
your
energy
that
agree
with
your
particular
definition
of
a
great
life.
____40____There’s
the
old
saying
everyone’s
familiar
with
“a
journey
of
a
thousand
miles
begins
with
a
single
step”.
In
order
to
even
move
from
the
couch
to
the
refrigerator,
you
have
to
start.
There’s
no
better
time
to
start
than
today.
It’s
what
you
do
TODAY
that
will
make
a
difference
in
your
life
tomorrow.
A.
A
great
life
is
the
result
of
starting.
B.
Start
setting
up
your
life
to
support
success
and
ease.
C.
A
great
life
is
the
result
of
having
intention.
D.
So
it
requires
that
you
should
make
some
changes.
E.
It’s
not
a
way
to
remove
work
from
your
life.
F.
It’s
easy
to
spend
your
days
on
whatever
gets
your
attention.
G.
Then
you
will
find
ways
to
free
up
your
mental
energy
for
more
important
things.
【答案】36.
B
37.
E
38.
G
39.
D
40.
A
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是美好生活的含义以及获得美好生活的具体方法。作者通过本文告诉我们：想要获得美好的生活，需要我们简化生活、付出努力、掌控自己的思想、做重要的事并从现在出发。
【36题详解】
考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。由上句
“Stop
setting
yourself
up
for
stress
and
failure.”
走出忧虑和失败。可知“开始安排自己的生活，迎接成功和从容”符合题意，分析选项可知B项符合题意。
【37题详解】
考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据“People
often
misunderstand
what
simplify
means.”可知，人们通常对简化有误解。结合后文“When
you
focus
on
simplifying
your
life,
you
free
up
energy
and
time
for
the
work
that
you
enjoy
and
the
purpose
for
which
you
are
here.”对简化生活的正确理解就是“你就会有时间和精力从事喜欢的工作，并为之奋斗。”可知，此处是对简化生活的错误理解，即“简化不是…”。分析选项可知E项符合题意，故选E。
【38题详解】
考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据本空前的内容“非凡的人生就是在专注。看看周围那些令你羡慕的人的生活吧！看自己能从他们身上学到些什么？向他们请教”，根据“向你羡慕的人请教”，那么你就能找到方法来精力集中到更重要的事情上。分析选项可知G项符合题意。
【39题详解】
考查对上下文理解及推理判断能力。本段的中心句是“A
great
life
is
the
result
of
your
adjustments.”
美好的生活是你调整的结果。adjustments调整即是改变，也就是D项中的“make
some
changes”且本段中的“thinking
about
again
…
in
a
different
way.”及“looking
for
new
ways”这些词都指向“make
some
changes”，故选D项。
【40题详解】
考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。本空是一段的主题句。
“a
journey
of
a
thousand
miles
begins
with
a
single
step(千里之行始于足下)
”中的“begin
with”及“you
have
to
start.
There’s
no
better
time
to
start
than
today”中的start可知，这是与A项（A
great
life
is
the
result
of
starting）中start是词的复现。而A项的意思为“美好的生活是开始的结果”符合题意，故选A。
【点睛】七选五旨在考查学生对全文整体理解和对信息辨析能力，做此题时首先需要先了解文章的整体结构，弄清文章大意，然后再把7个备选项浏览一下，最后再综合上下文进行推理判断。通过通读全文，了解到文章主要讲述的是美好生活的含义以及获得美好生活的具体方法。作者通过本文告诉我们：想要获得美好的生活，需要我们简化生活、付出努力、掌控自己的思想、做重要的事并从现在出发。然后再结合上下文进行选择。
例如，第2题，根据“People
often
misunderstand
what
simplify
means.”可知，人们通常对简化有误解。结合后文“When
you
focus
on
simplifying
your
life,
you
free
up
energy
and
time
for
the
work
that
you
enjoy
and
the
purpose
for
which
you
are
here.”对简化生活的正确理解可知，此处是对简化生活的错误理解。故选E
其次要精读空格前后两句，利用各种衔接手段选择正确的选项填入空格。七选五空出的是整个句子，而这些句子与句子之间，必然有一种联系，因此我们可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关联性，从而选择正确的答案。如第3小题，根据本空前的内容“非凡的人生就是在专注。看看周围那些令你羡慕的人的生活吧！看自己能从他们身上学到些什么？向他们请教”，根据“向你羡慕的人请教，可知，你就能找到方法来精力集中到更重要的事情上。分析选项可知G项符合题意。
同时也要看选项，找出与空前空后句中心词同义，近义或相关性的词语。实现关键词的对接。此外要通过句子的逻辑关系或句子的标点来判断该句在文章的位置。通过阅读选项，有可能根据选项中的关键词找出正确选项。如第5小题。本空是一段的主题句。
“a
journey
of
a
thousand
miles
begins
with
a
single
step(千里之行始于足下)
”中的“begin
with”及“you
have
to
start.
There’s
no
better
time
to
start
than
today”中的start可知，这是与A项（A
great
life
is
the
result
of
starting）中start是词的复现。而A项的意思为“美好的生活是开始的结果”符合题意，故选A。
第三部分
语法和词汇运用(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)
41.
The
thing
about
being
a
teacher
is
that
you
have
a_____
to
children's
minds
when
they
are
open
and
eager
to
learn.
(根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】access
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：当老师的好处是，当孩子们敞开心扉，渴望学习的时候，你就能接触到他们的思想。分析句子可知，设空处为have的宾语，应用名词，根据首字母和句意，故填access。
42.
That
is
the
way
I
roll,
no
matter
what
it
is
I'm
a_____
myself
to.
(根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】applying
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：无论你说什么，我都不会相信，这就是我的作风。根据单词首字母以及句意，可知应填动词apply，结合上文I'm可知为现在进行时。故填applying。
43.
How
often
do
we
gets
_______in
traffic
jams?
(用适当的词填空)
【答案】stuck
【解析】
【详解】考查过去分词。句意：我们堵车的频率有多高？get
stuck
in为固定搭配，意为“被困于......”，过去分词stuck表示被动，符合句意，故答案为stuck。
44.
We
all
know
that
if
we
are
in
a
bad
_________(心情)
,
we
are
likely
to
express
negative
attitudes
and
feelings.
(根据汉语意思拼写)
【答案】mood
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们都知道，如果我们心情不好，我们很可能会表达消极的态度和感受。根据所给汉语“心情”和前面的不定冠词a，可知单数名词mood符合句意，作介词in的宾语。故填mood。
45.
It
helps
you
to
understand
what
is
wrong
and
what
is
right,
explore
the
truth
and
develop
cognition，
r______
of
whether
it's
easy
or
what
others'
opinions
are.
(根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】remind
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：它帮助你理解对错，探索真理，发展认知，提醒你这是否容易或者别人的观点是什么。分析句子可知，设空处接在不定式to后，应用动词原形，根据句意和首字母，故填remind。
46.
The
police
______(arrest)
the
man
who
had
broken
into
a
jewellery
shop.
(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】arrested
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查一般过去时。句意：警察逮捕了那个闯进珠宝店的人。该句含who引导的定语从句，从句是过去完成时，先于主句谓语动词，所以主句用一般过去时。故填arrested。
47.
We
retired
from
________(work)
all
day.
(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】working
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们从一天到晚的工作中退休了。介词from后面用动名词作宾语。故填working。
48.
It
is
snowing
heavily,________makes
children
feel
excited.(用适当的词填空)
【答案】which
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：雪下得很大，孩子们都很兴奋。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰上文整个句子，从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词which引导，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
49.
Liu
sings
_________
(beautiful)
and
won
the
first
prize
in
the
singing
competition.
(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】beautifully
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：刘唱得很好，在歌唱比赛中得了第一名。句中sings是动词，由副词修饰，所给词beautiful是形容词，其副词是beautifully。故填beautifully。
50.
I
had
my
washing
machine
________(fix)
.
(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】fixed
【解析】
【详解】考查过去分词。句意：我把洗衣机修好了。分析句子可知，设空处为宾语补足语，和宾语之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，故填fixed。
第四部分
书面表达(共25分)
51.
为了共同防控新型冠状病毒性肺炎疫情，疫情期间教育部曾发布了延期开学的通知，全国各地执行“停课不停教，停课不停学”的工作安排，学生在家进行了网课学习。假定你是晨光中学的李华，作为参与网课学习的一员，请你向校刊《晨光日报》（Chen
Guang
Daily）)所开辟的“线上教学”（Online
Teaching）专栏投稿，
就网课学习体验谈谈线上教学的思考。
内容包括：(1)线上教学的利弊；
(2)个人观点与看法。
注意事项：(1)词数不少于100词；
(2)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
(3)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：新型冠状病毒性肺炎
COVID-19
Dear
Editor，
I’m
Li
Hua
from
Chen
Guang
High
School.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours
sincerely,
Li
Hua
【答案】Dear
Editor,
I’m
Li
Hua
from
Chen
Guang
High
School.
I’m
writing
to
contribute
to
the
column
“Online
Teaching”
in
“Chen
Guang
Daily”.
As
for
online
teaching,
it
has
two
sides.
On
the
one
hand,
it
not
only
can
release
teachers
from
repeating
the
same
contents
and
students
can
replay
the
teaching
materials
as
well.
On
the
other
hand,
online
teaching
lacks
teacher-student
interactions
and
people
doubt
if
students
have
self-discipline
without
supervision.
As
for
me,
although
online
classes
are
a
better
option
when
it
comes
to
the
special
situation
at
the
moment,
I
prefer
to
study
in
class
because
what
students
acquire
at
school
is
more
than
knowledge.
Thank
you
for
your
reading.
Yours
sincerely,
Li
Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求向校刊《晨光日报》所开辟的“线上教学”（Online
Teaching）专栏投稿，
就网课学习体验谈谈线上教学的思考。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时。
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：(1)线上教学的利弊；(2)个人观点与看法。
第二步：列提纲（重点词组）
contribute
to；As
for
online
teaching；On
the
one
hand；On
the
other
hand；lacks
teacher-student
interactions；when
it
comes
to
第三步：连词成句（包含关键句，至少3句）
1.
As
for
online
teaching,
it
has
two
sides.
2.
online
teaching
lacks
teacher-student
interactions
and
people
doubt
if
students
have
self-discipline
without
supervision.
3.
As
for
me,
although
online
classes
are
a
better
option
when
it
comes
to
the
special
situation
at
the
moment,
I
prefer
to
study
in
class
because
what
students
acquire
at
school
is
more
than
knowledge.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表文章结构顺序：First
of
all,
Firstly/First,
Secondly/Second…
And
then,
Finally,
In
the
end,
At
last（供参考）
2.表并列补充关系：What
is
more,
Besides,
Moreover,
Furthermore,
In
addition
As
well
as,
not
only…but
(also),
including（供参考）
3.表转折对比关系：On
the
one
hand…,On
the
other
hand
4.表因果关系：Because,
As,
So,
Thus,
Therefore,
As
a
result
（供参考）
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，
【点睛】[高分句型1]
On
the
other
hand,
online
teaching
lacks
teacher-student
interactions
and
people
doubt
if
students
have
self-discipline
without
supervision.句中if引导宾语从句。
[高分句型2]
As
for
me,
although
online
classes
are
a
better
option
when
it
comes
to
the
special
situation
at
the
moment,
I
prefer
to
study
in
class
because
what
students
acquire
at
school
is
more
than
knowledge.句中使用although引导的让步状语从句。
[高分句型3]
I
prefer
to
study
in
class
because
what
students
acquire
at
school
is
more
than
knowledge.句中使用because
引导的原因状语从句和what引导的主语从句。
