湖南中考专题第一轮总复习 第十四讲 语篇翻译做题技巧（含答案）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
第十四讲
语篇翻译做题技巧
出题形式
1.以一篇短文的形式出现:
3个：英译汉
2个：汉译英
2.考纲要求
考查对中西文化差异的了解；
对常用短语、习惯用语和重要句型的运用；
对句子结构、语法知识的掌握
对简单的翻译技巧的掌握。
二、考查重点
1、
各类重要句型结构（定语从句等）
2、搭配（动词短语，名词短语）、
3、重点词的用法及习惯表达、
4、主要语法规则及其运用等
5、简单的翻译技巧（省略、补充，词义选择引申、词性转换、长句拆分、逆序翻译等）。
三、解题指导
1.通读短文，了解大意。
2.分析要求翻译的句子的结构、类型、时态
3.调序、润色。
4.切不可逐字逐句地翻译
（2020长沙）
Lots
of
young
people
have
never
experienced
home-life.
Meals
are
cooked
and
clothes
are
washed
as
if
by
magic!
65.
我们知道很多孩子不会洗衣做饭。They
don't
clean
the
floor,
make
the
bed
or
slice（切）the
meat.
Yes,
they
have
homework
but
often
no
housework.
But
how
are
you
ever
going
to
learn
the
practical
skills
you
will
need
in
later
life
if
everything
is
done
for
you?
A
change
is
coming.
66.
In
China,
schools
are
now
thinking
about
teaching
life
skills
as
a
subject.
We
all
need
to
prepare
for
real
life,
especially
the
housework.
67.
我父母拥有这些技能,但他们却忘记教我了。At
university,
I
had
to
learn
to
shop,
prepare
my
food
and
cook
meals.
I
wish
my
parents
or
my
teachers
had
taught
me
all
of
them
before!
Now,
I
feel
very
confident
（信心）in
running
a
home.
I
especially
enjoy
cooking.
68.
Some
people
might
say
you
can
order
food
or
book
services
online.
In
fact,
good
life
skills
will
make
you
a
better
student,
a
better
workmate
and
a
better
family
member
in
your
life.
Making
a
meal
needs
good
planning,
skillful
cooking,
control
of
temperature
and
a
good
nose!
It
makes
you
smarter!
All
this
needs
to
start
early.
69.
If
you
don't
have
practical
life
skills,
your
education
will
be
incomplete.
One
day,
you
will
wonder
why
you
have
no
clean
socks,
and
why
some
of
your
best
friends
can
cook
a
delicious
meal
but
you
cannot!
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
68.___________________________________________________________________________
69.___________________________________________________________________________
（2019长沙）
Do
you
enjoy
hitting
the
books?
It
doesn’t
mean
you
enjoy
beating
your
books
with
your
hand.
That
may
be
reasonable
if
you
don’t
understand
something
inside
your
books.
Hitting
the
books
just
means
that
you
are
studying
hard.
You
can
learn
a
lot
when
you
hit
the
books.
65．Especially
before
exams,
most
students
spend
a
lot
of
time
hitting
the
books
to
get
good
grades.
This
is
just
one
example
of
expressions
that
can’t
be
understood
by
taking
them
apart（分开）word
by
word.
Expressions
like
this
are
called
idioms（习语）.
They
are
an
important
part
of
a
culture’s
language.
Languages
and
cultures
are
closely
connected.
One
example
of
an
idiom
in
the
Chinese
language
is
“dui
niu
tan
qin”,
or
“to
play
the
lute（拨弦乐器）to
a
cow.”
66.
这意味着某人在说话或写作时不考虑其听众或读者。
Let’s
get
back
to
idioms
that
begin
with
the
word
“hit”.
67.
There
are
many
of
them
in
English,
but
it’s
not
that
easy
for
you
to
understand.
One
common
idiom
you
may
hear
in
English
is
“hit
the
road”.
It
means
to
leave
or
to
go.
You
can
say,
“Hey,
I
need
to
hit
the
road.
Can
we
talk
about
this
another
time?”
Or
simply,
“It’s
time
to
hit
the
road.”
When
you
are
tired
and
you
want
to
go
to
bed,
you
can
say,
“I
need
to
hit
the
hay（干草）.”
It
means
you
want
to
go
to
sleep.
68．That’s
because
a
bed
was
often
a
big
bag
with
hay
inside
in
the
past.
69.
习语使你的语言生动而有趣。
Let’s
hit
the
road
to
learn
some
and
try
to
use
them.
65.___________________________________________________________________________
66.__________________________________________________________________________
67.__________________________________________________________________________
68.________________________________________________________________________
69.___________________________________________________________________________
（2018长沙）
People
have
been
trying
to
find
out
if
homework
is
good
or
bad
for
school
children，
and
they
have
different
opinions．
65．Some
people
think
that
homework
is
an
important
part
of
learning
for
students．They
believe
it
not
only
enables
children
to
practice
what
they
have
learned
in
class,but
also
helps
improve
their
handwriting．They
also
say
that
homework
helps
teach
children
how
to
work
on
their
own．66．Also，
it's
a
skill
which
is
useful
to
them
in
future
life．
Others
disagree，
though．67．他们认为家庭作业给孩子们太多的压力．And
the
time
spent
on
homework
could
have
been
used
to
do
other
activities
like
reading
and
playing
sports．To
back
up
their
opinion，
they
give
the
example
of
Finland（芬兰）．68．在芬兰，
学生几乎没什么作业．But
the
country
remains
one
of
the
most
educationally
successful
countries
in
the
world．
Here
is
my
point
of
view（观点）
on
this
matter．69．Whether
the
homework
is
good
or
bad
depends
on
the
purpose
of
it．If
there
is
no
clear
reason
for
giving
homework，
the
students
won't
get
anything
from
doing
it，
so
it
should
not
be
set．However，
I
still
believe
that
homework
can
really
help
with
children's
learning，
if
teachers
clearly
tell
them
why
they
should
do
the
homework
and
let
them
know
how
they
have
done
in
their
homework．
__________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
69.________________________________________________________________________
（2017长沙）
Starting
high
school
can
be
difficult.
Everyone
is
nervous
and
nobody
nows
where
to
go
for
classes.Thining
about
maing
new
friends
might
mae
you
feel
nervous.too.
66.
但是别担心，因为你不是孤身一人。You
are
going
to
school
with
a
group
of
students
of
your
age，and
we
have
several
tips
(贴士)for
you
to
follow.
Forget
your
fear
and
just
tal
to
someone.
67.It
is
easier
said
than
done.
But
try
to
tae
a
deep
breath
and
find
your
voice.
Don't
be
afraid
to
approach(接近
）people.
Introduce
yourself
and
start
a
conversation
about
something
you
have
in
common.
Sit
in
the
middle
of
the
c1assroom
with
as
many
new
friends
around
you
as
possible.
Join
clubs.
Tae
part
in
after—schoo1
activities
that
interest
you.
68.
尽量在俱乐部里交朋友。If
you
don't
join
anything.you
will
be
just
going
to
c1ass
and
then
going
home.
Being
in
a
club
makes
you
more
social.
Stay
clean.
No
one
lies
a
bad
smell
that
could
noc
someone
over.
Shower
every
day,brush
your
teeth
and
wash
your
hair.
69.You
are
supposed
to
mae
yourself
loo
c1ean
and
tidy,
whatever
you
wear.
Be
respectful
(尊重的)of
people's
differences.
70.
Everyone
has
his
or
her
own
opinion
of
the
world.
And
everyone
be1ieves
in
different
things.
It's
a
good
thing
to
have
different
friends
with
different
opinions
because
you
can
each
share
your
own.
___________________________________________________________
67.___________________________________________________________
68.___________________________________________________________
69.___________________________________________________________
70.___________________________________________________________
（2016长沙）
Reading
an
English
newspaper
is
a
good
way
to
improve
a
student’s
language
ability.
As
there
are
many
useful
and
common
words
in
an
English
newspaper,
it
may
help
students
increase
their
vocabulary（词汇量）as
well
as
improve
their
reading
skills.
66.他们可以从报纸上学到新的知识。
But
what
is
the
proper
way
to
read
an
English
newspaper?
Do
students
need
to
look
over
all
the
content（内容）of
the
newspaper?
The
first
step
is
to
choose
a
right
newspaper
with
good
language.
Then
turn
to
the
front
page
and
read
the
headlines（标题）to
know
what
has
happened.
As
the
most
important
things
are
put
on
the
front
page,
it’s
easy
to
find
out
what
you’re
interested
in
and
then
turn
to
the
page
to
read
it
completely.
67.
There
is
no
need
to
go
through
all
the
articles.
Secondly,
read
newspapers
every
day.
Remember
words
through
context（上下文）,
in
which
these
words
may
appear
repeatedly.
68.
Once
they
appear
several
times,
you
will
remember
them
easily.
Don’t
look
up
every
unknown
word
in
your
dictionary.
You
can
try
to
guess
the
meaning
between
sentences.
69.如果你的猜测错了，不要放弃。
Keep
reading,
and
you
will
become
familiar
with
the
words
after
reading
them
several
times
in
different
texts.
Reading
English
newspapers
makes
us
knowledgeable.
70.
It
can
not
only
help
us
know
what
is
happening
in
the
world
but
also
improve
our
language.
___________________________________________________________
67.___________________________________________________________
68.___________________________________________________________
69.___________________________________________________________
70.___________________________________________________________
第十四讲
语篇翻译做题技巧
参考答案
2016-2020年湖南中考题组
（2020长沙）
65.
We
know
that
many
children
can’t
wash
clothes
or
cook.
66.
在中国,学校现在在考虑把教授生活技能当做一门学科。
67.
My
parents
have
these
skills,
but
they
forgot
to
teach
me.
68.
一些人也许会说你可以在网上点餐或者预定服务。
69.
如果你没有实际的生活技能,你的教育就是不完整的。
（2019长沙）
65.尤其在考试前，大多数学生为了取得好成绩而花许多时间努力学习。
66.It
means
someone
speaks
or
writes
without
considering
his
listeners
or
readers.
67.英语中有很多这样的习语，但理解起来并不那么容易。
68.那是因为在过去床常常是填充着干草的大袋子。
69.Idioms
make
your
language
lively
and
interesting.
（2018长沙）
65.
一些人认为家庭作业是学生学习的一个重要部分。
66.
而且，这是一种对他们未来生活有用的技能。
67.
They
think
homework
puts
too
much
stress
on
children.
68.
In
Finland,
students
have
little
homework.
69.家庭作业的好坏取决于其目的。
（2017长沙）
66.But
don't
worry,
because
you
are
not
alone.
67.说起容易做起难。
68.
Try
to
make
friends
in
the
clubs.
69.无论你穿什么,
都应该使自己看上去干净整洁。
70.每个人对世界都有自己的看法。
（2016长沙）
66．They
can
learn
new
knowledge
from
newspapers.
67．没有必要浏览完所有的文章。
68．一旦这些词出现多次，你就能轻而易举地记住它们了z。
69．If
your
guess
is
wrong,
don’t
give
up.
70．读报不仅能帮助我们了解时事，而且还能提高我们的语言水平。
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