2020-2021学年黑龙江省大庆市第四高中高一下学期开学验收英语试题 Word版含答案（无听力试题）

2020-2021学年度大庆市第四中学高一年级英语开学验收试题
满分：100分
考试时间：120分钟
一、阅读选择
A
An
endangered
deer
with
vampire-like
sharp
teeth
was
spotted
for
the
first
time
in
nearly
60
years,
in
a
remote
forest
in
northeastern
Afghanistan.
The
creature
is
known
as
the
Kashmir
musk
deer,
and
it
is
native
to
the
Himalayas
of
northern
India,
Pakistan抯
Kashmir
region
and
northern
Afghanistan.
Only
the
male
deer
have
sharp
teeth,
and
they
use
them
during
mating
season
to
compete
for
females.
A
team
of
researchers
searched
Afghanistan抯
Nuristan
province
during
2008
and
2009,
and
recorded
five
sightings
of
the
animal.
This
was
the
first
time
the
species
had
been
spotted
since
1948.
During
the
survey,
the
researchers
spotted
a
single
male
Kashmir
musk
deer
near
the
same
area
three
separate
times.
The
researchers
also
recorded
one
female
and
her
baby,
and
saw
a
second
single
female
that
they
think
may
have
been
the
same
deer,
without
her
baby.
These
musk
deer
are
classified
as
an
endangered
species
on
the
International
Union
for
Conservation
of
Nature’s
Red
List.
Musk-deer
meat
is
a
local
delicacy,
but
the
species
is
mostly
hunted
for
its
scent
glands(香腺)
that
are
more
valuable
by
weight
than
gold---some
believe
the
glands
have
pharmaceutical
(药学的)
properties,
and
they
sell
for
nearly
$20,455
per
pound
($45,000
per
kilogram)
on
the
black
market,
according
to
the
International
Union
for
Conservation
of
Nature.
Three
decades
of
war
have
ravaged
Nuristan
province,
and
the
continued
violence
and
political
instability
make
the
black-market
trade
of
scent
glands
uncontrollable.
Furthermore,
the
species
is
quickly
losing
suitable
habitat.
All
of
the
musk
deer
were
spotted
on
sheltered
rocky
outcrops
around
9,843
feet
(3,000
meters)
high.
In
the
summer,
they
regularly
trek
(跋涉)
along
steep
slopes
that
make
them
almost
impossible
to
approach
and
keep
them
relatively
safe
from
hunters.
However,
heavy
snowfall
in
the
winter
drives
the
species
farther
down,
to
more
human-accessible
slopes,
and
hunters
come
from
all
over
the
country
to
track
the
deer
for
their
valuable
scent
glands.
Due
to
violence
and
unrest,
nongovernmental
organizations
like
the
Wildlife
Conservation
Society
have
not
been
able
to
operate
in
the
Nuristan
province
since
2010.
The
WCS
maintains
contact
with
locals
they
have
trained
to
survey
and
search
for
the
musk
deer.
Once
the
situation
in
Nuristan
improves,
the
WCS
intends
to
return
to
the
area
to
continue
research
and
to
formulate
a
conservation
plan.
1．Why
does
male
deer
use
sharp
teeth
in
mating
season?
A．To
fight
for
their
land.
B．To
beat
for
females.
C．To
hunt
for
food.
D．To
frighten
their
enemies.
2．What
can
we
learn
from
the
passage?
A．All
of
the
Kashmir
musk
deer
in
the
mountainous
area
have
sharp
teeth.
B．People
hunt
for
the
deer
mainly
because
their
meat
is
delicious.
C．It
is
relatively
easier
for
hunters
to
hunt
the
rare
species
in
winter.
D．The
Kashmir
musk
deer
are
fierce
animals
because
of
their
sharp
teeth.
3．Which
factor
does
not
contribute
to
the
uncontrollable
trade
in
the
black
market?
A．Government
control.
B．Continued
violence.
C．Political
instability.
D．Years
of
war.
4．Which
of
the
following
statements
about
the
Wildlife
Conservation
Society
is
true?
A．It
has
been
doing
research
on
the
musk
deer
in
this
area
since
2010.
B．It
has
sent
a
small
group
of
people
to
search
for
the
musk
deer.
C．It
is
one
of
the
organizations
sponsored
by
governments
worldwide.
D．It
is
making
efforts
to
help
and
protect
this
rare
species
in
the
area
.
B
Friday
was
"Chatty
Bus
day",
an
experiment
aimed
at
getting
people
to
talk
to
each
other
on
public
transport.
This
is
not
an
idea
that
would
appeal
to
those
who
commute
in
the
rush
hour,
because
there
is
a
smaller
distance
within
which
it's
just
as
uncomfortable
to
talk.
Elbow(肘)
room
is
a
precondition
for
sociability.
It
is
no
coincidence
that
the
first
truly
personal
music
player,
the
Sony
Walkman,
was
invented
in
Japan
where
the
commuter
trains
are
literally
crowded
with
people.
We
will
also
not
talk
to
strangers
who
are
physically
too
far
away,
of
course.
No
one
wants
to
shout
their
small
talk.
Only
on
country
buses
or
similar
unhurried
and
uncrowded
forms
of
public
transport
can
people
reach
out
to
their
neighbors,
confident
that
they
are
doing
so
from
a
position
of
strength
and
autonomy.
For
all
these
drawbacks,
the
idea
of
talking
to
strangers
is
still
a
good
one,
and
the
promotion
of
sociability
is
good
for
society.
Although
it
does
seem
to
be
a
general
rule
that
people
are
friendlier
the
fewer
there
are
of
them
and
more
hostile
and
indifferent
as
cities
get
more
crowded,
there
are
still
considerable
cultural
variations.
And
there
is
evidence
that
friendlier
places
are
also
healthier,
and
their
inhabitants
happier.
It
is
true
that
the
apparent
loneliness
of
many
people
on
public
transport
is
a
false
impression.
Many
will
be
caught
up
with
conversations
with
distant
friends
on
their
phones;
some
will
be
talking
to
the
people
in
books.
Some
may
be
in
willed
solitude
with
their
headphones.
But
there
are
always
people
who
would
be
interested
in
an
unexpected
conversation
with
a
stranger.
This
need
not
go
on
for
too
long.
It
is
not
large
and
possibly
life-changing
conversations
that
are
what
most
people
in
loneliness
miss
most.
What
they
really
need
is
not
deep
thought
but
superficiality.
The
kind
of
conversation
that
you
could
have
with
anyone
reminds
you
that
you
yourself
might
be
anyone.
It
is
a
release
from
the
prison
of
the
self,
which
is
where
lonely
people
serve
their
sentences,
uncertain
whether
they
ever
can
be
paroled(假释).
Friendship
may
be
too
rare
a
gift
to
hope
for,
but
sometimes
the
kindest
thing
to
say
is
also
the
simplest:
"Don't
be
a
stranger"-and
sometimes
that's
also
enough.
5．According
to
Paragraph
1,
why
the
first
Walkman
appeared
in
Japan
partly?
A．its
corporate
culture
B．its
overcrowded
public
transport
C．its
people's
creativity
D．its
people's
desire
for
personal
space
6．Which
of
the
following
belongs
to
"these
drawbacks"
underlined
in
paragraph
3?
A．"Chatty
Bus
day"
has
not
been
introduced
to
other
areas.
B．Walkman
prevents
passengers
from
talking
to
each
other.
C．Passengers
are
unwilling
to
make
small
talk
with
strangers.
D．Improper
physical
distance
discourages
casual
communication.
7．What
is
the
author
most
likely
to
agree
with?
A．Small
talk
to
strangers
will
help
ease
loneliness
on
the
road.
B．Lonely
people
are
in
desperate
need
of
deep
conversation.
C．People
in
less
populated
cities
tend
to
be
cold
and
distant.
D．It's
inadvisable
to
talk
to
strangers
who
are
physically
too
close.
8．What
is
the
author's
main
purpose
in
writing
the
text?
A．To
cast
new
light
on
human
loneliness.
B．To
introduce
an
experiment
and
its
effects.
C．To
advocate
striking
up
conversations
with
strangers.
D．To
explore
the
relationship
between
physical
distance
and
willingness
to
reach
out.
C
Even
with
wonderful
friends,
family
and
a
partner,
I
don't
always
want
to
be
surrounded
by
people.
揟able
for
one?
Or
will
someone
else
be
joining
you?
A
dinner
reservation
for
one
person
never
fails
to
raise
a
few
eyebrows.
I
actively
choose
to
spend
time
alone
when
possible.
But
not
everyone
has
the
luxury
of
choosing
to
be
alone,
of
course,
many
are
forced
into
one-on-one
time
because
they
have
no
one.
But
for
those
of
us
who
spend
our
days
surrounded
by
colleagues
in
the
workplace,
our
evenings
and
weekends
with
family,
friends
and
partners,
all
the
while
being
constantly
bombarded
by
WhatsApp,social
media
and
email,
time
to
ourselves
can
be
a
rare
treat.
Time
to
yourself
not
only
gives
you
the
chance
to
do
practical
things
you
don't
normally
get
round
to
but
also
the
activities
your
pals
don't
want
to
do.
In
a
less
real
way,
spending
time
alone
also
allows-or
perhaps
forces-
you
to
sit
with
your
own
thoughts,
to
think
about
things
that
might
normally
be
drowned
out
by
conversation
and
the
noise
of
companionship.
When
you're
alone
you
get
time
to
think
without
purpose.
It
is
worth
noting
that
I'm
a
real
introvert(性格内向者）,so
perhaps
sitting
alone
with
my
thoughts-refilling
my
energy
reserves-might
just
be
indulging
personality
traits
that
others
don't
have.
But
I
believe
more
people
could
benefit
from
it.
Given
this
constant
social
conditioning
since
childhood
that
we
should
be
surrounded
by
people
,
it's
no
wonder
many
hesitate
to
press
forward
at
the
idea
of
spending
time
alone-a
sign
we've
failed
at
climbing
that
social
ladder.
And
if
you're
an
extrovert
who
gets
their
energy
from
other
people,
this
must
be
even
harder.
But
as
someone
who
has
come
to
love
spending
time
alone,
even
when
there
are
many
wonderful
souls
in
my
life
I
can
spend
time
with,
I
wish
more
people
would
give
solo
a
go.
Reservation
for
one,
please.
9．What
can
we
learn
from
the
first
paragraph?
A．The
author
wants
to
be
alone
all
the
time.
B．The
author
feels
bored
with
family
and
friends.
C．Surrounded
by
people,
the
author
still
feels
lonely.
D．Reserving
a
table
for
one
will
draw
disapproving
looks.
10．What
is
the
main
idea
of
the
second
paragraph?
A．The
benefits
of
alone
time.
B．The
weaknesses
of
social
media.
C．The
definition
of
being
alone.
D．The
ways
of
spending
time
alone.
11．How
does
an
introvert
regain
their
energy
according
to
the
author?
A．By
eating
delicious
food.
B．By
reflecting
on
their
own
thoughts.
C．By
socializing
with
others.
D．By
reading
their
favourite
books.
12．The
last
sentence
"Reservation
for
one,
please."
is
intended
to
.
A．quote
others'
words
B．answer
the
waiter's
question
C．excite
the
readers'
appetite
D．stress
the
author's
determination
七选五（两篇）
A
Choose
Action
Over
Perfection
Imperfect
progress
realized
is
better
than
perfection
imagined.13．.
A
perfectly
outline
novel
is
unreadable
until
it
moves
out
of
the
outline
and
into
words,
dialogues,
conflicts
and
characters.
That's
why
we
should
choose
action
over
perfection.
Here
are
some
suggestions
to
help
you
act.
Just
do
it.
Whatever
it
is,
just
grab
5
minutes
and
put
it
into
imperfect,
beautiful,
and
flawed
action
that
will
result
in
imperfect,
beautiful,
and
flawed
value.
Don't
think
too
hard
about
it.
14．.
Instead,
just
focus
on
the
work
you
can
do
today.
We're
not
good
at
assessing
our
own
competencies.
That's
part
of
the
reason
that
taking
action
is
so
scary,
but
don't
hesitate.
15．.
If
you
keep
a
journal,
try
logging
both
your
failures
and
your
successes
for
a
week
or
pare
the
two
categories.
Log
your
movement
forward,
no
matter
how
small.
Perspective
matters.
Failure
teaches.
Success
follows.
Some
things
simply
aren't
worth
it.
Even
an
overwhelming
sense
of
obligation
doesn't
change
that
fact.
16．.
Work
on
your
assignment.
Keep
writing,
sketching,
painting
or
whatever
it
is
you
need
to
be
doing.
Keep
taking
one
small
imperfect
action
after
another.
17．
because
you'll
never
be.
Don't
wait
until
it's
perfect,
because
it's
rarely
going
to
happen.
Don't
wait
at
all.
A．Expect
something
perfect
B．This
may
sound
confusing
C．Keep
track
of
what
you
do
D．Don't
wait
until
you're
ready
E.Don't
focus
on
the
goals
of
perfection
F.So
let
go
of
the
stuff
that
doesn't
matter
G.A
perfectly
imagined
work
of
art
is
useless
until
it
exists
outside
of
your
head
B
When
you
prepare
to
go
mountain
biking,
there
are
a
few
things
to
keep
in
mind.
18．Work
out
whether
you
plan
on
taking
exciting
trips
far
off
the
beaten
path
or
riding
on
more
standard
trails,
and
whether
you
want
to
complete
long-distance
mountain
journeys
or
shorter
ones.
The
next
step
is
to
make
sure
you
have
a
good
understanding
of
the
International
Mountain
Bicycling
Association’s
Rules
of
the
Trail.19．
First,
make
sure
to
only
ride
on
open
trails.
This
means
staying
away
from
private
property,
closed
roads,
and
especially
wilderness
areas.
Be
considerate
of
others
who
are
using
the
same
paths
as
you,
be
they
mountain
bikers,
horseback
riders,
or
mountain
climbers.
If
the
path
is
narrow,
slow
your
bike
or
walk
it
to
give
your
fellow
travelers
room.
The
third
step
is
to
make
sure
you
have
a
bike
that
is
appropriate
for
the
type
of
riding
you
plan
to
do.
20．
Don’t
be
afraid
to
shop
around
quite
a
bit—after
all,
this
is
something
you’ll
be
spending
quite
some
time
on,
and
a
bad
fit
can
make
for
a
lot
of
suffering
down
the
trail.
The
type
of
bike
you
choose
is
entirely
dependent
on
the
style
of
mountain
biking
you
wish
to
pursue,
so
think
it
through
carefully.
Finally,
get
gear
together
for
your
trip
and
choose
some
trails.
Always
make
sure
you
are
entirely
self-sufficient
on
the
trail.
21．
It
is
also
important
to
carry
a
sturdy
helmet,
and
any
tools
or
supplies
you’ll
need
to
do
quick
repairs
or
changes
if
the
weather
turns.22．
Just
remember,
this
isn’t
a
competition—unless
of
course
you’re
racing—so
just
stick
to
what
you
find
fun,
and
take
it
all
at
your
own
pace.
Happy
trails!
A．Be
careful
of
animals
on
the
path.
B．Make
sure
to
carry
enough
water
and
food.
C．Test
riding
different
bikes
to
find
the
right
one
for
you.
D．Choose
short
runs
that
can
help
you
get
used
to
the
sport.
E.The
first
step
is
to
decide
what
sort
of
riding
you
plan
to
do.
F.In
a
word,
don’t
get
yourself
in
trouble
and
burden
others.
G.Make
sure
you
look
after
your
environment
and
get
on
with
others
along
the
way.
三、语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式.
A
Comrades,
friends,
ladies
and
gentlemen,
greetings
to
you
all!
The
year
2021
is
arriving.
From
China’s
capital
Beijing,
I
extend
my
New
Year
wishes
to
you
all!
2020
was
23．
extraordinary
year.
Facing
the
sudden
COVID-19
pandemic,
we
put
people
and
their
24．
(life)
first
to
interpret
the
great
love
among
humans.
With
solidarity
(团结)
and
resilience
(坚韧),
we
25．
(write)
the
epic
(史诗)
of
our
fight
against
the
pandemic.
During
the
days
when
we
managed
to
overcome
the
hardships
together,
we
saw
the
heroic
spirit
of
marching
straight
to
the
frontlines,
holding
posts
with
tenacity
(顽强),
taking
responsibility
to
get
through
thick
and
thin,
sacrifices
with
26．
(brave),
and
touching
moments
of
helping
each
other.
From
27．
(medicine)
workers
to
the
people’s
army,
from
scientific
researchers
to
community
workers,
from
volunteers
to
those
28．
built
the
projects,
from
seniors
to
youths
born
after
the
1990s
and
2000s,
a
great
number
of
people
completed
their
tasks
at
the
cost
of
their
lives
and
protected
humanity
with
sincere
love.
They
pooled
their
drops
of
strength
29．
great
power
and
built
an
iron
wall
30．
(protect)
lives.
Many
figures
marched
ahead
without
hesitation,
many
relays
were
accomplished
hand
in
hand,
and
many
scenes
showed
touching
moments.
All
these
have
31．
(vivid)
displayed
the
great
spirit
of
fighting
against
the
pandemic.
Greatness
is
forged
(铸造)
in
the
ordinary.
Heroes
come
from
the
people.
Every
person
is
remarkable!
Our
sympathy
goes
to
all
the
unfortunate
ones
32．
(infect)
with
the
coronavirus!
We
salute
(向……致敬)
all
the
ordinary
heroes!
I
am
proud
of
our
great
motherland
and
people,
as
well
as
the
unyielding
(顽强不屈的)
national
spirit.
(Adapted
from
Chinese
President
Xi
Jinping’s
speech
made
to
welcome
the
New
Year
of
2021.)
B
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The
giant
panda,
also?known
as
panda
bear
33．
simply
panda,
is
a
bear
native?34．
south
central
China.
In
the
past
many
years,
the
giant
panda
35．?(drive)
out
of
the
lowland
areas
where
it
once
lived
as
a
result
of
farming,
deforestation
and
other?development.
Wild
population
estimates
vary:
one
estimate
36．(show)
that
there
are
about
1,590
individuals?living
in
the
wild,
while
a
2006
study
estimated
that
this
figure
could
be
as
high
as
2,000
to
3,000.
Some
reports
also
show
that?the?number
of
giant
pandas
in
the
wild
is
on
the
rise.
The
West
first
learned
of
the
giant
panda
on
March
11,
1869,
37．?the
French
missionary(传教士)
Armand
David
received
a
panda
skin
from
a
hunter.
In
1936,
Ruth
Harkness
became
the
first
Westerner
to
bring
a
live
giant
panda
named
Su
Lin
to
the
Brookfield
Zoo
in
Chicago.
38．(protect)
the
pandas,
in
2012,
Earthwatch
Institute,
39．
global
nonprofit
organization
that
teams
volunteers
with
scientists
to
conduct
important?
40．?(science)
research,
41．
(launch)
a
program
called
“On
the
Trail
of
Giant
Panda”.
This
program,
based
in
the
Wolong
National
Nature
Reserve,
allows
volunteers
to
work
up
close
with
pandas
42．(care)
for
in
captivity
(圈养),
and
help
them?gradually
adapt
to
life
in
the
wild.
四、完形填空
A
loving
person
lives
in
a
loving
world.
A
hostile
(敌意的)
person
lives
in
a
hostile
world.
Everyone
you
meet
is
your
mirror.
Mirrors
have
a
very
particular
43
.
They
reflect
the
image
in
front
of
them.
Just
as
a
44
mirror
works
as
the
vehicle
to
reflection
45
do
all
of
the
people
in
our
lives.
When
we
see
something
beautiful
such
as
a
flower
garden,
that
garden
46
a
reflection.
When
we
love
someone,
it抯
a(n)
47
of
loving
ourselves.
We
have
often
heard
things
like
揑
love
how
I
am
when
I抦
with
that
person.
That
simply
48
into
揑抦
able
to
love
me
when
I
love
that
other
person.
49
when
we
meet
someone
new,
we
feel
as
though
we
揷lick.
Sometimes
it抯
as
if
we抳e
50
each
other
for
a
long
time.
That
feeling
can
come
from
51
similarities.
Just
as
the
“mirror”
or
other
people
can
be
a
positive
reflection,
it
is
more
likely
that
we’ll
52
it
when
it
has
a
negative
connotation
(内涵).
53
it’s
easy
to
remember
the
times
when
we
have
met
someone
we’re
not
particularly
54
about.
We
may
have
some
criticism
(批评)
in
our
mind
about
the
55
.
This
is
especially
true
when
we
get
to
know
someone
with
whom
we
would
rather
spend
56
time.
Often
when
we
57
qualities
in
other
people,
ironically
(讽刺地),
it’s
usually
the
mirror
that’s
58
to
us.
At
times
we
meet
someone
59
and
feel
distant
disconnected
or
disgusted.
60
we
don抰
want
to
believe
it
and
it抯
not
easy
or
61
to
look
further,
it
can
be
a
great
learning
lesson
to
62
what
part
of
the
person
is
being
reflected
in
you.
It抯
simply
just
another
way
to
create
more
self-awareness.
43．A．target
B．style
C．function
D．color
44．A．medical
B．physical
C．chemical
D．mental
45．A．so
B．then
C．nor
D．neither
46．A．focuses
on
B．applies
to
C．works
with
D．serves
as
47．A．reward
B．evaluation
C．reflection
D．example
48．A．grows
B．translates
C．enters
D．falls
49．A．Obviously
B．Strangely
C．Fortunately
D．Frequently
50．A．known
B．supported
C．observed
D．recognized
51．A．creating
B．lacking
C．sharing
D．comparing
52．A．ignore
B．keep
C．take
D．notice
53．A．In
brief
B．In
addition
C．For
example
D．As
usual
54．A．crazy
B．anxious
C．upset
D．concerned
55．A．time
B．mirror
C．garden
D．person
56．A．less
B．amazing
C．more
D．valuable
57．A．appreciate
B．dislike
C．describe
D．discover
58．A．shouting
B．shining
C．speaking
D．pointing
59．A．new
B．nervous
C．familiar
D．friendly
60．A．If
B．Although
C．Since
D．Once
61．A．terrible
B．noble
C．reliable
D．desirable
62．A．figure
out
B．take
out
C．put
out
D．give
out
五、作文
63．
以“春节”为题，写一篇100字左右的英语短文，内容包括以下几点：
1．春节是中国的传统节日之一，它也是中国最重要的节日；
2．庆祝春节的目的在于辞旧迎新；
3．在中国，人们以多种形式庆祝春节，如：放烟花，爆竹，吃团圆饭等；
4．春节时，家家户户吃饺子，以及给小孩压岁钱是中国人的习俗；
5．人们见面时，相互拜年，祝福大家在新的一年里的好运气。
注：烟花firework
爆竹frie-crackers
参考答案
1．B
2．C
3．A
4．D
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。在阿富汗东北部的一个偏远森林里，人们在近60年来首次发现了一只长着像吸血鬼一样锋利牙齿的濒危鹿。这种动物被称为克什米尔麝，原产于印度北部的喜马拉雅山脉、巴基斯坦克什米尔地区和阿富汗北部。文章讲述了这种鹿可能灭绝的原因以及人们对其采取的保护措施。
1．
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Only
the
male
deer
have
sharp
teeth,
and
they
use
them
during
mating
season
to
compete
for
females.（只有公鹿有锋利的牙齿，它们在交配季节用它们来争夺母鹿。）”可知，在交配季节，公鹿运用它们的尖牙来争夺母鹿。故选B项。
2．
细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“However,
heavy
snowfall
in
the
winter
drives
the
species
farther
down,
to
more
human-accessible
slopes,
and
hunters
come
from
all
over
the
country
to
track
the
deer
for
their
valuable
scent
glands.（然而，冬季的大雪将鹿群逼到了人类更容易到达的山坡上，全国各地的猎人都赶来追踪它们宝贵的气味腺。）”可知，夏天鹿们在比较高的地方觅食，猎人们不大可能靠近它们，但到了冬天，因为大雪使得这些鹿们不得不到更低的山坡上觅食，猎人们就更容易猎杀它们。故选C项。
3．
细节理解题。从文章第三段第一句“Three
decades
of
war
have
ravaged
Nuristan
province,
and
the
continued
violence
and
political
instability
make
the
black-market
trade
of
scent
glands
uncontrollable.（三十年的战争蹂躏了努里斯坦省，持续的暴力和政治不稳定使得气味腺的黑市交易无法控制。）”可知，导致这种鹿在黑市交易失控的原因包括连年的战争、持续的暴力和政治不稳定，不包括政府的控制。故选A项。
4．
细节理解题。根据最后一段“The
WCS
maintains
contact
with
locals
they
have
trained
to
survey
and
search
for
the
musk
deer.
Once
the
situation
in
Nuristan
improves,
the
WCS
intends
to
return
to
the
area
to
continue
research
and
to
formulate
a
conservation
plan.（野生动物保护协会与当地人保持着联系，他们接受过调查和寻找麝的训练。一旦努里斯坦的情况有所改善，WCS打算返回该地区继续研究并制定保护计划。）”可知，WCS是个无政府组织，他们一直在努力帮助保护这种珍稀动物。故选D项。
5．B
6．D
7．A
8．C
【分析】
这是一篇议论文。作者介绍了在现代社会，陌生人之间建立沟通交流的阻碍因素以及这种陌生人之间随意的交谈带来的益处，最后呼吁大家敞开心扉，通过沟通交流积极打破这种陌生人之间的距离感。
5．
细节理解题。根据第一段中“It
is
no
coincidence
that
the
first
truly
personal
music
player,
the
Sony
Walkman,
was
invented
in
Japan
where
the
commuter
trains
are
literally
crowded
with
people.（第一台真正的个人音乐播放器——索尼随身听，是日本发明的这并不是巧合，日本的通勤列车是真的挤满了。）”可知，第一部随身听出现在日本是因为过度拥挤的公共交通。故选B。
6．
细节理解题。根据第二段中“We
will
also
not
talk
to
strangers
who
are
physically
too
far
away,
of
course.
No
one
wants
to
shout
their
small
talk.（当然，我们也不愿意和离我们太远的陌生人说话。没有人想要大声说出自己的闲聊内容。）”可知，不恰当的物理距离会阻碍人与人之间正常随意的交流，这是横线处所指的“这些缺点”之一。故选D。
7．
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“It
is
a
release
from
the
prison
of
the
self,
which
is
where
lonely
people
serve
their
sentences,
uncertain
whether
they
ever
can
be
paroled(假释)。（孤独的人会给自己设置牢笼，宣判自己而且不确定自己是否可以被假释，这样一种闲聊对他们来说就是一种释放。）”可知，作者认为，与陌生人在路上的闲聊可以帮助缓解孤独。故选A。
8．
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Friendship
may
be
too
rare
a
gift
to
hope
for,
but
sometimes
the
kindest
thing
to
say
is
also
the
simplest:"Don't
be
a
stranger"-and
sometimes
that's
also
enough.（友谊可能是一份太稀有的礼物因而无法去期待，但是有时候最好的也就是最简单的，就是说出“不要成为一个陌生人”，这就够了。）”可知，作者在文章中叙述的阻碍陌生人之间的闲聊的因素以及这种闲聊的好处，都是为了提倡大家探索物理距离、积极地与陌生人之间建立起沟通交流。故选C。
9．D
10．A
11．B
12．D
【分析】
这是一篇议论文。本文介绍了作者认为人都需要独处的时间，独处能让你远离社交软件的轰炸，留出时间去做一些实事，整理自己的思绪，发展个人性格特质。
9．
细节理解题。根据第一段“A
dinner
reservation
for
one
person
never
fails
to
raise
a
few
eyebrows.”作者认为一个人外出就餐时总是会引来别人的侧目，可知大多数人不赞成一个人外出吃饭。故选D项。
10．
主旨大意题。根据第二段“Time
to
yourself
not
only
gives
you
the
chance
to
do
practical
things
you
don't
normally
get
round
to
but
also
the
activities
your
pals
don't
want
to
do.”（独处的时间不仅能让你做一些实事，那些事情可能是平时无法做或朋友不爱做的事情。）“spending
time
alone
also
allows-or
perhaps
forces-
you
to
sit
with
your
own
thoughts,
to
think
about
things（独处也允许或强迫你坐下来整理思绪，好好考虑事情）”和“When
you're
alone
you
get
time
to
think
without
purpose.”(当你独自一人的时候，你有时间没有目的去思考。)可知作者在第二段主要介绍了独处的好处，故选A项。
11．
细节理解题。根据第三段“It
is
worth
noting
that
I'm
a
real
introvert(性格内向者）,so
perhaps
sitting
alone
with
my
thoughts-refilling
my
energy
reserves-might
just
be
indulging
personality
traits
that
others
don't
have.
”(值得注意的是，我是一个性格内向者，所以也许独自坐着思考——补充我的能量储备——可能只是满足于别人没有的个性特征。)可知性格内向者可以通过独处深思补充能量，发展个人特质。故选B项。
12．
推理判断题。最后一段“Reservation
for
one,
please.”（请预定一个人的位置）与第一段独自一个人用餐会引来别人的侧目呼应，第二到第四段作者阐述了独处的益处及呼吁大家多留时间独处做些有意义的事情。所以最后一段“Reservation
for
one,
please.”是为了强调作者的决心，故选D项。
【点睛】
概括段落大意的方法是：先看段首或段尾再看全段找主题句，若无明显主题句，就通过关键词句来概括。本篇是一篇议论文，考生可以寻找表达作者观点态度的词句。作者在第二段讲述独处的三个好处。因此，考生直接抓住第二段中三个句子即可找到段落大意。
13．G
14．E
15．C
16．F
17．D
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些帮助读者行动的建议。
13．
上文“Imperfect
progress
realized
is
better
than
perfection
imagined.(实现的不完美进步比想象中的完美要好)”说明想象中的完美并没有很好。下文“A
perfectly
outline
novel
is
unreadable
until
it
moves
out
of
the
outline
and
into
words,
dialogues,
conflicts
and
characters.
That's
why
we
should
choose
action
over
perfection.(一部有完美轮廓的小说除非脱离轮廓，进入文字、对话、冲突和人物，否则是无法读懂的。这就是为什么我们应该选择行动而不是完美)”说明作品是需要行动而不是完美。G选项A
perfectly
imagined
work
of
art
is
useless
until
it
exists
outside
of
your
head.(一件完美想象的艺术品只有在它存在于你的头脑之外时才会有用处)说明艺术品的完美只存在于头脑之外时才有用处，符合上下文意。故选G项
14．
下文“Instead,
just
focus
on
the
work
you
can
do
today.(相反，只专注于你今天能做的工作)”说明人们应该专注面前的工作。E选项Don't
focus
on
the
goals
of
perfection.(不要专注于完美的目标)说明不能专注于完美的目标，与下文instead呼应，符合文意。故选E项。
15．
下文“If
you
keep
a
journal,
try
logging
both
your
failures
and
your
successes
for
a
week
or
so.(如果你坚持写日记，试着用一周左右的时间记录你的成功和失败)”说明我们需要记录自己的成功和失败。C选项Keep
track
of
what
you
do.(记录你所做的事情)符合下文文意。故选C项。
16．
上文“Some
things
simply
aren't
worth
it.
Even
an
overwhelming
sense
of
obligation
doesn't
change
that
fact.(有些事情就是不值得。即使是强烈的责任感也改变不了这个事实)”说明我们应该放弃不值得的事情。F选项So
let
go
of
the
stuff
that
doesn't
matter.(所以，放开那些不重要的事情)符合文意。故选F项。
17．
上文“Keep
taking
one
small
imperfect
action
after
another.(不停地做一个又一个不完美的小动作)”说明我们需要不停地做每一个不完美的小动作，而不是等待。下文“Don't
wait
until
it's
perfect,
because
it's
rarely
going
to
happen.
Don't
wait
at
all.(不要等到它完美了，因为它很少会发生。完全不要等待)”说明填空处与不要等待有关。D选项Don't
wait
until
you're
ready(不要等到你准备好了)符合上下文意。故选D项。
18．E
19．G
20．C
21．B
22．F
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要就去骑山地自行车提出了一些建议和注意事项。
18．
根据后文“Work
out
whether
you
plan
on
taking
exciting
trips
far
off
the
beaten
path
or
riding
on
more
standard
trails,
and
whether
you
want
to
complete
long-distance
mountain
journeys
or
shorter
ones.(弄清楚你计划进行令人兴奋的旅行，远离人潮汹涌的道路或骑在更标准的小路上，你是否想完成长途的山区旅行还是较短的)”可知，后文主要就骑车的环境进行了列举，可知第一个建议是决定在哪种环境下骑车。故E选项“第一步是决定你打算在哪种环境下骑车”符合语境，故选E。
19．
根据后文“First,
make
sure
to
only
ride
on
open
trails.
This
means
staying
away
from
private
property,
closed
roads,
and
especially
wilderness
areas.
Be
considerate
of
others
who
are
using
the
same
paths
as
you,
be
they
mountain
bikers,
horseback
riders,
or
mountain
climbers.
If
the
path
is
narrow,
slow
your
bike
or
walk
it
to
give
your
fellow
travelers
room.(首先，确保只在开阔的小路上骑行。这意味着远离私人财产，封闭的道路，特别是荒野地区。要体谅和你走同一条路的人，无论是山地自行车手、骑马者还是登山者。如果道路很窄，放慢你的自行车或步行，给你的同伴空间)”可知，后文提到了注意骑车的周边的环境和同行的人和睦相处，故G选项“确保你能顾全好环境，并且一路上与他人和睦相处”符合语境，故选G。
20．
根据上文“The
third
step
is
to
make
sure
you
have
a
bike
that
is
appropriate
for
the
type
of
riding
you
plan
to
do.(第三步是确保你有一辆适合你计划骑的自行车)”可知，上文提到要有一辆适合自己的自行车，C选项中the
right
one
for
you对应上文中appropriate
for
the
type
of
riding
you
plan
to
do。故C选项“试骑不同的自行车，找到适合你的”符合语境，故选C。
21．
根据上文“Finally,
get
gear
together
for
your
trip
and
choose
some
trails.
Always
make
sure
you
are
entirely
self-sufficient
on
the
trail.(最后，为你的旅行准备好装备，并选择一些路线。一定要确保你在旅途中完全自给自足)”可知，上文提到了旅行要戴好装备，故本句承接上文具体说明要带的东西。故B选项“一定要带足够的水和食物”符合语境，故选B。
22．
根据上文“It
is
also
important
to
carry
a
sturdy
helmet,
and
any
tools
or
supplies
you’ll
need
to
do
quick
repairs
or
changes
if
the
weather
turns.(同样重要的是要带上坚固的头盔，以及在天气变化时快速维修或更换所需的任何工具或用品)”可知，上文提到要带上头盔和相关工具用品，可见是为了不让自己在旅行中遇到麻烦，故F选项“总之，不要让自己陷入麻烦，也不要给别人带来负担”符合语境，故选F。
23．an
24．lives
25．wrote
26．bravery
27．medical
28．who
29．into
30．to
protect
31．vividly
32．infected
【分析】
本文是一篇演讲稿，节选自习近平总书记2021年的新年贺词。
23．
考查冠词。句意：2020年是不平凡的一年。根据句意“不平凡的一年”可知，此处是泛指，要用不定冠词，且extraordinary(不平凡的)是元音音素开头，应用an。故填an。
24．
考查名词复数。句意：面对突如其来的新冠肺炎疫情，我们以人为本，以生命为先，诠释人类伟大的爱。根据空格前的形容词性物主代词their可知，此处需要填入可数名词life(生命)的复数，表示“人们的生命”。故填lives。
25．
考查动词时态。句意：我们以团结和韧性谱写了抗击疫情的史诗。根据句意可知，此处讲述的是“2020年抗击疫情”，为过去发生的事情，需要用一般过去时。主语we和谓语write是主动关系。故填wrote。
26．
考查名词。句意：在我们共同战胜艰难困苦的日子里，我们看到了挺进前线、坚守岗位、担当风雨、英勇牺牲、相互帮助的感人时刻的英雄气概。根据空格前的介词with，此处填入不可数名词bravery，做介词with的宾语。故填bravery。
27．
考查形容词。句意：从医务人员到人民军队，从科研人员到社区工作者，从志愿者到工程建设人员，从老年人到上世纪90年代、2000年代以后出生的青年，一大批人以生命为代价完成了自己的任务，用真挚的爱保护着人类。根据空格后的名词workers可知，此处应用形容词修饰。故填medical。
28．
考查定语从句。句意见上一题。分析句子结构中可知，此处是限定性定语从句，先行词those，指人，在从句做主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。
29．
考查介词。句意：他们把自己的点滴力量凝聚成强大的力量，筑起一道铁墙来保护生命。根据句意可知，此处表达“把自己的力量凝聚成巨大的力量”，介词into译为“到……里面，进入”的含义。故填into。
30．
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。根据句意可知，此处表达“来保护生命”，应用不定式表目的。故填to
protect。
31．
考查副词。句意：这些都生动体现了抗击疫情的伟大精神。此处修饰动词display(展现)，应用副词。故填vividly。
32．
考查非谓语动词。句意：我们向所有不幸感染新冠病毒的人表示同情！infect与逻辑主语the
unfortunate
ones(不幸的人)是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，表被动。故填infected。
33．or
34．to
35．has
been
driven
36．shows
37．when
38．To
protect
39．a
40．scientific
41．launched
42．cared
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了大熊猫的情况。
【详解】
1.
考查连词。句意：大熊猫，又称熊猫熊或简称熊猫，是一种产于中国中南部的熊。根据句子结构可知，“panda
bear”和“
simply
panda”为并列成分，表示选择，意为“或者”，故答案为or。
2.
考查介词。句意：大熊猫，又称熊猫熊或简称熊猫，是一种产于中国中南部的熊。be
native
to为固定搭配，意为“原产于”，故答案为to。
3.
考查动词时态和语态。句意：由于农业、森林砍伐和其他发展，大熊猫离开了它曾经生活的低地地区。分析句子成分可知，drive在句中作谓语动词，根据“In
the
past
many
years”可知，此处应该用现在完成时；主语“the
giant
panda”和谓语动词“drive
out”之间为被动关系，且主语是单数，故答案为has
been
driven。
4.
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：对野生动物数量的估计各不相同:一项估计显示，大约有1590只野生动物，而2006年的一项研究估计，这一数字可能高达2000至3000只。分析句子结构可知，show为谓语动词，一般现在时，主语是“one
estimate”为单数，故答案为shows。
5.
考查定语从句。句意：西方第一次了解大熊猫是在1869年3月11日，法国传教士(传教士)阿尔芒大卫接到一个猎人的熊猫的皮肤。分析句子结构可知，此句为非限定性定语从句，先行词为“on
March
11,
1869”，在从句中作时间状语，故答案为when。
6.
考查非谓语动词。句意：为了保护大熊猫，2012年，由志愿者和科学家组成的全球非营利组织地球观察研究所启动了一个名为“大熊猫踪迹追踪”的项目。protect在句中表示目的，故答案为To
protect。
7.
考查冠词。句意：为了保护大熊猫，2012年，由志愿者和科学家组成的全球非营利组织地球观察研究所启动了一个名为“大熊猫踪迹追踪”的项目。句中“organization”为可数名词表单数，故前面应填冠词，“global”为辅音音素开头，故答案为a。
8.
考查形容词。句意：为了保护大熊猫，2012年，由志愿者和科学家组成的全球非营利组织地球观察研究所启动了一个名为“大熊猫踪迹追踪”的项目。分析句子可知，research之前应该用形容词，故答案为scientific。
9.
考查动词时态。句意：为了保护大熊猫，2012年，由志愿者和科学家组成的全球非营利组织地球观察研究所启动了一个名为“大熊猫踪迹追踪”的项目。根据时间状语in
2012，可知谓语动词用一般过去时，故答案为launched。
10.
考查非谓语动词。句意：这个程序中,总部位于卧龙国家级自然保护区,让志愿者与大熊猫近距离工作照顾被囚禁(圈养),并帮助他们逐渐适应生活在野外。分析句意可知，care在句中为非谓语动词，在句中作pandas的后置定语，panda与care之间为被动关系，故答案为cared。
43．C
44．B
45．A
46．D
47．C
48．B
49．D
50．A
51．C
52．D
53．C
54．A
55．D
56．A
57．B
58．C
59．A
60．B
61．D
62．A
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是我们遇到的人都是我们的“镜子”。一个充满爱的人生活在充满爱的世界里。充满敌意的人生活在充满敌意的世界里。因此，弄清楚别人的哪些特质在自己身上有所体现是非常重要的。
43．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：镜子有一个非常特别的功能。A.
target目标；B.
style风格；C.
function功能；D.
color颜色。根据下一句“They
reflect
the
image
in
front
of
them.
(它们能反映出自己面前的形象)”可知，本句说的是镜子具有独特的功能。故选C项。
44．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就像一个物理镜子作为反射的载体一样，我们生活中的所有人也是如此。A.
medical医疗的；B.
physical物理的，身体上的；C.
chemical化学上的；D.
mental精神上的。由句意描述“反射的载体”可知，此处是现实中的，物理上的镜子。故选B项。
45．
考查副词词义辨析。句意：就像一个物理镜子作为反射的载体一样，我们生活中的所有人也是如此。A.
so所以；
B.
then然后；
C.
nor也不，也没有；
D.
neither也不。本句是把我们生活中的人比作镜子，因为前面的句子是肯定形式，因此选择so，表示“某人或某物也……”故选A项。
46．
考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我们看到美丽的事物时，比如一座花园，那座花园就起到了反射的作用。A.
focuses
on专注于；B.
applies
to应用于；C.
works
with与……工作，对……有效；D.
serves
as担任，充当。由句意可知，结合下文提到“When
we
love
someone,
it’s
a(n)　5　of
loving
ourselves.
(当我们爱一个人时，这是爱我们自己的反映)”可知，此处描述镜子的积极作用，所以当我们看到漂亮的花园，花园就充当一面镜子。故选D项。
47．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们爱一个人时，这是爱我们自己的反映。A.
reward奖励；B.
evaluation评价；C.
reflection反映；D.
example例子。由前文可知，看见美丽的花园，花园就充当一面镜子，反映积极的方面，由此可知，爱别人就是爱自己的“反映”。故选C项。
48．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这句话可以简单地说成：“在我爱那个人的同时，我也能爱我自己。”A.
grows成长；B.
translates翻译；C.
enters进入；D.
falls坠落。由句意可知，这是对前文的解释，所以用“翻译”符合句意。故选B项。
49．
考查副词词义辨析。句意：通常，当我们遇见一个新朋友时，我们会觉得我们一见如初。A.
Obviously显然地；B.
Strangely奇怪地；C.
Fortunately幸运地；D.
Frequently经常地，频繁地。frequently与下一句中的频率副词sometimes呼应，表示对陌生人感到熟悉的这种情况经常发生。故选D项。
50．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时候就好像我们已经认识很长时间了。A.
known认识，知道；B.
supported支持；C.
observed观察；D.
recognized识别，认出。由上文描述的“有时候我们遇到新朋友会觉得一见如初”可知，此处描述有时候“我们”似乎“认识”了很长时间，故选A项。
51．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种感觉可能来自于分享相似之处。A.
creating创造；B.
lacking缺乏；C.
sharing分享，共享；D.
comparing比较。由
similarities(相似之处)可知应用“共享”，表示由共同之处。故选C项。
52．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：就像“镜子”或他人能映射出我们积极的一面一样，我们更有可能注意到自己消极方面的“镜子”。A.
ignore忽略；B.
keep保持；C.
take拿住；D.
notice观察。由下文的例子提到“我们更容易去记住不太喜欢的人”可推知，我们更容易去“观察”我们的消极方面。故选D项。
53．
考查介词短语辨析。句意：例如，我们很容易记住我们遇到自己不太喜欢的人的时候。A.
In
brief
简言之；B.
In
addition此外；C.
For
example例如；D.
As
usual照例。由前文提出的论点“我们更容易去观察消极方面”可知，此处举例说明此观点，故选C项。
54．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：例如，我们很容易记住我们遇到自己不太喜欢的人的时候。A.
crazy疯狂的；B.
anxious焦虑的；C.
upset难过的；D.
concerned关心的。根据下文“We
may
have
some
criticism
(批评)
in
our
mind
about
the　　13　　.(我们可能会在心中对这个人有一些批评)”可知，我们对“这个人”不太喜欢，be
not
crazy
about表示“不喜欢”。故选A项。
55．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们可能会在心中对这个人有一些批评。A.
time时间；B.
mirror镜子；C.
garden花园；D.
person人。由前文提到“遇到我们不太像话的人”可知，此处the
person指代“我们不太喜欢的人”。故选D项。
56．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我们遇到不喜欢相处的人的时候，这一点尤其明显。A.
less更少的；B.
amazing令人惊讶的；C.
more更多的；D.
valuable有价值的。由前文内容可知，此处描述的是我们不喜欢的人，所以应该是想与他们相处“更少”的时间，既不喜欢与他们相处。故选A项。
57．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：具有讽刺意味的是，通常当我们不喜欢别人身上的某些品质时，那往往是自己身上的镜子在对我们说话。A.
appreciate感激，欣赏；B.
dislike不喜欢；C.
describe描述；D.
discover发现。由前文内容提到“遇到我们不喜欢的人”可知，此处描述的是镜子的消极作用，所以我们“不喜欢”别人身上的某些品质，就是自己身上的镜子在对我们说话。故选B项。
58．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：具有讽刺意味的是，通常当我们不喜欢别人身上的某些品质时，那往往是自己身上的镜子在对我们说话。A.
shouting喊叫；B.
shining闪耀；C.
speaking说；D.
pointing指。由前文可知，镜子的功能是“反映”，所以当我们不喜欢别人身上的品质，既自己的身上的镜子在“对我们说话”。故选C项。
59．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有时我们会遇到新的人，感到疏远或厌恶。A.
new新的；B.
nervous紧张的；C.
familiar熟悉的；D.
friendly友好的。根据“feel
distant
disconnected
or
disgusted.
(感到疏远或厌恶)”可知，此处是遇到新的人。故选A项。
60．
考查连接词词义辨析。句意：虽然我们不愿意去相信，不容易也不想去深究，但弄清楚别人的哪些方面反映在自己身上，这是很好的一课。A.
If是否，假如；B.
Although尽管；C.
Since自从；D.
Once曾经。由句意可知，此处表示让步，应用“although(尽管)”引导。故选B项。
61．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然我们不愿意去相信，不容易也不想去深究，但弄清楚别人的哪些方面反映在自己身上，这是很好的一课。A.
terrible糟糕的；B.
noble高尚的；C.
reliable可靠的；D.
desirable有欲望的，令人向往的。根据前面的not
easy可知，深究这个问题是不容易的或者有时也不愿去深究，因此desirable贴切语境。故选D项。
62．
考查动词短语辨析。句意：虽然我们不愿意去相信，不容易也不想去深究，但弄清楚别人的哪些方面反映在自己身上，这是很好的一课。A.
figure
out弄清楚，搞明白；B.
take
out拿出；C.
put
out熄灭，出版；D.
give
out分发。由前文内容可知，“他人是我们自己的反映”，所以弄清楚别人的哪些特质在自己身上有所体现是非常重要的一课。故选A项。
63．范文：
The
Spring
Festival
is
one
of
the
Chinese
traditional
festivals.
It’s
also
the
most
important
festival
of
china.
The
festival
is
meant
to
celebrate
the
ending
of
the
past
year
and
the
beginning
of
the
new
year.
The
Chinese
usually
celebrate
the
Spring
Festival
in
many
different
ways,
——
setting
off
fivework
or
fire-crackers,
getting
together
for
a
big
meal
and
so
on.
It’s
customs
for
the
Chinese
families
to
have
dumplings
and
give
children
lucky
money.
When
meating
each
other,
people
usually
say
“Happy
New
year”
to
each
other
in
orde
to
wish
others
good
luck
in
the
coming
year.
答案第2
22页，总14
1414页
答案第1
11页，总14
1414页